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Zhang Y, Xu M, Ren Y, Ba Y, Liu S, Zuo A, Xu H, Weng S, Han X, Liu Z. Tertiary lymphoid structural heterogeneity determines tumour immunity and prospects for clinical application. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:75. [PMID: 38582847 PMCID: PMC10998345 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are clusters of immune cells that resemble and function similarly to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). While TLS is generally associated with an anti-tumour immune response in most cancer types, it has also been observed to act as a pro-tumour immune response. The heterogeneity of TLS function is largely determined by the composition of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the balance of cell subsets within the tumour-associated TLS (TA-TLS). TA-TLS of varying maturity, density, and location may have opposing effects on tumour immunity. Higher maturity and/or higher density TLS are often associated with favorable clinical outcomes and immunotherapeutic response, mainly due to crosstalk between different proportions of immune cell subpopulations in TA-TLS. Therefore, TLS can be used as a marker to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Developing efficient imaging and induction methods to study TA-TLS is crucial for enhancing anti-tumour immunity. The integration of imaging techniques with biological materials, including nanoprobes and hydrogels, alongside artificial intelligence (AI), enables non-invasive in vivo visualization of TLS. In this review, we explore the dynamic interactions among T and B cell subpopulations of varying phenotypes that contribute to the structural and functional diversity of TLS, examining both existing and emerging techniques for TLS imaging and induction, focusing on cancer immunotherapies and biomaterials. We also highlight novel therapeutic approaches of TLS that are being explored with the aim of increasing ICB treatment efficacy and predicting prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Mengjun Xu
- Medical School of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yuhao Ba
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shutong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Anning Zuo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Xiang M, Li H, Zhan Y, Ma D, Gao Q, Fang Y. Functional CRISPR screens in T cells reveal new opportunities for cancer immunotherapies. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:73. [PMID: 38581063 PMCID: PMC10996278 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are fundamental components in tumour immunity and cancer immunotherapies, which have made immense strides and revolutionized cancer treatment paradigm. However, recent studies delineate the predicament of T cell dysregulation in tumour microenvironment and the compromised efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. CRISPR screens enable unbiased interrogation of gene function in T cells and have revealed functional determinators, genetic regulatory networks, and intercellular interactions in T cell life cycle, thereby providing opportunities to revamp cancer immunotherapies. In this review, we briefly described the central roles of T cells in successful cancer immunotherapies, comprehensively summarised the studies of CRISPR screens in T cells, elaborated resultant master genes that control T cell activation, proliferation, fate determination, effector function, and exhaustion, and highlighted genes (BATF, PRDM1, and TOX) and signalling cascades (JAK-STAT and NF-κB pathways) that extensively engage in multiple branches of T cell responses. In conclusion, this review bridged the gap between discovering element genes to a specific process of T cell activities and apprehending these genes in the global T cell life cycle, deepened the understanding of T cell biology in tumour immunity, and outlined CRISPR screens resources that might facilitate the development and implementation of cancer immunotherapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huayi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Yang H, Sui L, Cai C, Chu H, Diao Y. SETDB1 promotes progression through upregulation of SF3B4 expression and regulates the immunity in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:34. [PMID: 38317200 PMCID: PMC10840244 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignant tumour. The mechanism promoting OC initiation and progression remains unclear. SET domain bifurcated histone lysine methyltransferase 1(SETDB1) acts as an oncogene in a variety of tumours. This study aims to explore the role of SETDB1 in OC. METHODS GEO, TCGA, CSIOVDB and CPTAC databases jointly analysed SETDB1 mRNA and protein expression. Effect of SETDB1 expression on the clinical prognosis of OC patients was analysed through online Kaplan‒Meier plotter and CSIOVDB database. Then, the effect of SETDB1 in OC cells progression and mobility was examined using MTT, EdU, colony formation and transwell assay. Additionally, Cistrome DB database was used to visualize the binding of SETDB1 protein and splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (SF3B4) promoter, and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the interaction. Finally, bioinformatics analysis was employed to reveal the relationship between SETDB1 and the microenvironment of OC. RESULTS In the present study, we found that SETDB1 was obviously upregulated in OC and its overexpression predicted poor prognosis of OC patients. Then, we verified that SETDB1 promoted the progression and motility of OC cells in vitro. Knockdown of SETDB1 had the opposite effect. Further research showed that SETDB1 acted as a transcription factor to activate SF3B4 expression. SF3B4 knockdown impaired the effect of SETDB1 to promote the proliferative capacity and motility of OC cells. Finally, the results of bioinformatics analysis confirmed that SETDB1 regulated the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION SETDB1 promoted ovarian cancer progression by upregulating the expression of SF3B4 and inhibiting the tumour immunity. SETDB1 may be a promising prognostic and therapeutic marker for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Sui
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huijun Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuchao Diao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong Province, China.
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Wang X, Ye J, Gao M, Zhang D, Jiang H, Zhang H, Zhao S, Liu X. Nifuroxazide inhibits the growth of glioblastoma and promotes the infiltration of CD8 T cells to enhance anti tumour immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:109987. [PMID: 36924564 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma is a primary intracranial tumour with extremely high disability and fatality rates among adults. Existing diagnosis and treatment methods have not significantly improved the overall poor prognosis of patients. Nifuroxazide, an oral antibiotic, has been reported to act as a tumour suppressor in a variety of tumours and to participate in the process of antitumour immunity. However, whether it can inhibit the growth of glioma is still unclear. METHODS We explored the potential mechanism of nifuroxazide inhibiting the growth of glioblastoma cells through in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS nifuroxazide can inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma cells, promote G2 phase arrest, induce apoptosis, and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the MAP3K1/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Similarly, clinical sample analysis confirmed that MAP3K1 combined with STAT3 can affect the prognostic characteristics of patients with glioma. In addition, nifuroxazide can drive the M1 polarization of microglioma cells, inhibit the expression of CTLA4 and PD-L1 in tumour cells, and promote the infiltration of CD8 T cells to exert antitumour effects. Combination treatment with PD-L1 inhibitors can significantly prolong the survival time of mice. CONCLUSION we found that nifuroxazide can inhibit the growth of glioblastoma and enhance antitumour immunity. Thus, nifuroxazide is an effective drug for the treatment of glioblastoma and has great potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Junyi Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, 11, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China; Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Xianzhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Shi D, Mu S, Pu F, Zhong B, Hu B, Muhtar M, Tong W, Shao Z, Zhang Z, Liu J. Pan-sarcoma characterization of lncRNAs in the crosstalk of EMT and tumour immunity identifies distinct clinical outcomes and potential implications for immunotherapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:427. [PMID: 35842562 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible process that may interact with tumour immunity through multiple approaches. There is increasing evidence demonstrating the interconnections among EMT-related processes, the tumour microenvironment, and immune activity, as well as its potential influence on the immunotherapy response. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical modulators of gene expression. They play fundamental roles in tumour immunity and act as promising biomarkers of immunotherapy response. However, the potential roles of lncRNA in the crosstalk of EMT and tumour immunity are still unclear in sarcoma. We obtained multi-omics profiling of 1440 pan-sarcoma patients from 19 datasets. Through an unsupervised consensus clustering approach, we categorised EMT molecular subtypes. We subsequently identified 26 EMT molecular subtype and tumour immune-related lncRNAs (EILncRNA) across pan-sarcoma types and developed an EILncRNA signature-based weighted scoring model (EILncSig). The EILncSig exhibited favourable performance in predicting the prognosis of sarcoma, and a high-EILncSig was associated with exclusive tumour microenvironment (TME) characteristics with desert-like infiltration of immune cells. Multiple altered pathways, somatically-mutated genes and recurrent CNV regions associated with EILncSig were identified. Notably, the EILncSig was associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy. Using a computational drug-genomic approach, we identified compounds, such as Irinotecan that may have the potential to convert the EILncSig phenotype. By integrative analysis on multi-omics profiling, our findings provide a comprehensive resource for understanding the functional role of lncRNA-mediated immune regulation in sarcomas, which may advance the understanding of tumour immune response and the development of lncRNA-based immunotherapeutic strategies for sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyao Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Shidai Mu
- Institute of Haematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Feifei Pu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Binlong Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Binwu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Muradil Muhtar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Jianxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Hu X, Zhu H, Chen B, He X, Shen Y, Zhang X, Xu Y, Xu X. The oncogenic role of tubulin alpha-1c chain in human tumours. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:498. [PMID: 35513790 PMCID: PMC9074327 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulin alpha-1c chain (TUBA1C), a subtype of α-tubulin, has been shown to be involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in several cancers and to influence cancer development and prognosis. However, a pancancer analysis of TUBA1C to reveal its immunological and prognostic roles has not been performed. In this study, we first downloaded raw data on TUBA1C expression in cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and multiple other databases and analysed these data with R software to investigate the prognostic and immunological value of TUBA1C in cancers. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in gliomas to further validate our findings. Overall, TUBA1C was overexpressed in most cancers, and overexpression of TUBA1C was linked to poor prognosis and higher tumour grade in patients. In addition, TUBA1C expression was associated with tumour mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), the tumour microenvironment (TME) and the infiltration of immune cells. TUBA1C was also coexpressed with most immune-related genes and influenced immune-related pathways. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that TUBA1C expression was highest in glioblastoma (GBM) tissues, second highest in low-grade glioma (LGG) tissues and lowest in normal tissues. Our study indicated that TUBA1C might be a biomarker for predicting the immune status and prognosis of cancers, offering new ideas for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Hu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Biao Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin He
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yangtao Xu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Feller G, Khammissa RAG, Nemutandani MS, Feller L. Biological consequences of cancer radiotherapy in the context of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Face Med 2021; 17:35. [PMID: 34446029 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50% of subjects with cancer have been treated with ionizing radiation (IR) either as a curative, adjuvant, neoadjuvant or as a palliative agent, at some point during the clinical course of their disease. IR kills cancer cells directly by injuring their DNA, and indirectly by inducing immunogenic cell killing mediated by cytotoxic T cells; but it can also induce harmful biological responses to non-irradiated neighbouring cells (bystander effect) and to more distant cells (abscopal effect) outside the primary tumour field of irradiation.Although IR can upregulate anti-tumour immune reactions, it can also promote an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Consequently, radiotherapy by itself is seldom sufficient to generate an effective long lasting immune response that is capable to control growth of metastasis, recurrence of primary tumours and development of second primary cancers. Therefore, combining radiotherapy with the use of immunoadjuvants such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, can potentiate IR-mediated anti-tumour immune reactions, bringing about a synergic immunogenic cell killing effect.The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss some aspects of IR-induced biological responses, including factors that contributes to tumour radiosensitivity/radioresistance, immunogenic cell killing, and the abscopal effect.
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Yang L, Zhang J, Song Y, Yang G, Xu H, Li J, Guo L, Li X, Shi X, Mao B, Yang Y, Wu L, Wei J, Zhang H, Ying J, Wang Y. Genomic profile and immune microenvironment in patients with relapsed stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100942. [PMID: 33221686 PMCID: PMC7689326 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This finding may provide a novelty insight to help elucidate the mechanisms of the relapses. Relapsed tumours from stage IA LUAD patients exhibited a weakened immune phenotype. A targeted 395-gene expression NGS assay helps assess tumour immunity.
Patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), even stage IA, are at substantial risk of relapse and death. We explored the distinct features of molecular alterations and immune-related gene expression in Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from 25 relapsed patients compared with 25 non-relapsed patients through using whole-exome sequencing and an immune oncology panel RNA sequencing platform. Results showed that the chemokine, cytolytic activity and tumour-associated antigen gene signatures exhibited significantly higher expression in non-relapsed tumours from stage IA lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) than that in relapsed tumours. Besides, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that the gene signatures of chemokines and tumour-associated antigens were significantly associated with the patients’ disease-free survival (DFS), indicating their prognostic value in early-stage LUAD. Cytolytic activity displayed a similar trend but failed to reach statistical significance. These findings revealed a weakened immune phenotype in relapsed tumours and provide valuable information for improving the treatment management of these high-risk patients. Due to the overall small patient number in this study, these differences should be further validated in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yane Song
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guangjian Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of Comprehensive Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Junling Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xinying Shi
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Beibei Mao
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lijia Wu
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jiyu Wei
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Henghui Zhang
- Genecast Precision Medicine Technology Institute, Beijing 100021, China; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China.
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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Emens LA, Ascierto PA, Darcy PK, Demaria S, Eggermont AMM, Redmond WL, Seliger B, Marincola FM. Cancer immunotherapy: Opportunities and challenges in the rapidly evolving clinical landscape. Eur J Cancer 2017. [PMID: 28623775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is now established as a powerful way to treat cancer. The recent clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade (antagonists of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1) highlights both the universal power of treating the immune system across tumour types and the unique features of cancer immunotherapy. Immune-related adverse events, atypical clinical response patterns, durable responses, and clear overall survival benefit distinguish cancer immunotherapy from cytotoxic cancer therapy. Combination immunotherapies that transform non-responders to responders are under rapid development. Current challenges facing the field include incorporating immunotherapy into adjuvant and neoadjuvant cancer therapy, refining dose, schedule and duration of treatment and developing novel surrogate endpoints that accurately capture overall survival benefit early in treatment. As the field rapidly evolves, we must prioritise the development of biomarkers to guide the use of immunotherapies in the most appropriate patients. Immunotherapy is already transforming cancer from a death sentence to a chronic disease for some patients. By making smart, evidence-based decisions in developing next generation immunotherapies, cancer should become an imminently treatable, curable and even preventable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leisha A Emens
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy Unit, Napoli, Italy
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Cancer Institute Gustave-Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif/Paris-Sud 94800, France
| | - William L Redmond
- Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Martin Luther University, Institute for Medical Immunology, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112 Halle, Germany
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Yellapurkar S, Natarajan S, Boaz K, Baliga M, Shetty P, Manaktala N, Prasad M, Ravi M. Tumour-Associated Tissue Eosinophilia in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma- A Boon or a Bane? J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC65-8. [PMID: 27190955 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/16440.7637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The infiltration of tumour stroma by eosinophils, Tumour-Associated Tissue Eosinophilia (TATE) is known to modulate the evolution of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Identification of eosinophils in the inflammatory stroma has been proven to be an important factor in prognostication of malignant tumours including cancers of mouth, oesophagus, larynx, pharynx, breast, lung, intestine and genitourinary tract. AIM Our study aimed to assess the role of TATE as a prognosticator in OSCC as visualized by Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and congo red staining. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty histologically-proven cases of OSCC were retrieved from the archives of Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, India. Two serial sections of 4μm thickness were made and subjected to routine staining with H&E and modified congo red staining, where eosinophil granules stained red and nuclei stained blue. In 40x magnification, 10 HPF at invasive tumour front were assessed for counting eosinophils by placing a 49 square grid (measuring 0.0289 sq mm). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The TATE was compared with the prognosticators using Mann-Whitney U-test. The grades of carcinoma were correlated with TATE using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Post-hoc Bonferronis correction. Agreement of the number of eosinophils counted in the two staining techniques (H&E and Congo red) in OSCC was achieved using interclass correlation coefficient, and Friedman's test. A value of p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Our results showed that tissue eosinophil counts were higher in well-differentiated cases of OSCC, cases with lymph node involvement, decreased survival, without margin involvement and in cases that did not recur. H&E stain showed significantly better visualization of eosinophils resulting in higher eosinophil counts than when seen with Congo red (p=0.008). CONCLUSION Thus, TATE can be used as a surrogate marker in prediction of survival and recurrence in OSCC. H&E proved to be a better stain for evaluation of eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Yellapurkar
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Srikant Natarajan
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Karen Boaz
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Mohan Baliga
- Professor, Department of Oral Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Premalatha Shetty
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Nidhi Manaktala
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Mukul Prasad
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
| | - Mahalakshmi Ravi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University , Mangalore, India
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11
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Hokuto D, Sho M, Yamato I, Yasuda S, Obara S, Nomi T, Nakajima Y. Clinical impact of herpesvirus entry mediator expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2014; 51:157-65. [PMID: 25468715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), also known as tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily 14, regulates a variety of physiological and pathological responses in both innate and acquired immunity. Although HVEM is also suggested to be a critical regulator in tumours, actual roles in human cancer are largely unknown. This study aimed to clarify clinical importance of HVEM in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied HVEM expression in 150 HCC patients to explore its clinical relevance, and we examined tumour infiltrating T cells and local immune status of them. RESULTS HVEM was expressed in HCC cells, while no or only limited expression was observed in normal tissues in the liver. Tumour HVEM expression was significantly correlated with age, serum protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) level, vascular invasion and tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage. Furthermore, tumour HVEM expression significantly correlated with postoperative recurrence and survival. Importantly, multivariate analysis indicated that the HVEM status had an independent prognostic value. Furthermore, HVEM status was inversely correlated with tumour-infiltrating CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD45RO(+) lymphocytes. In addition, it was also associated with reduced expression of perforin, granzyme B and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Taken together, tumour-expressing HVEM plays a functionally important role in HCC. CONCLUSION Tumour-expressing HVEM plays a critical role in human HCC, possibly through regulating immune evasion. Therefore, targeting HVEM may be a novel promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Granzymes/genetics
- Granzymes/metabolism
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Male
- Multivariate Analysis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Neoplasm Staging
- Perforin/genetics
- Perforin/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hokuto
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 6348522, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 6348522, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Yamato
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 6348522, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 6348522, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Obara
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 6348522, Japan
| | - Takeo Nomi
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara 6348522, Japan
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Fung SPS, Wang H, Tomek P, Squire CJ, Flanagan JU, Palmer BD, Bridewell DJA, Tijono SM, Jamie JF, Ching LM. Discovery and characterisation of hydrazines as inhibitors of the immune suppressive enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7595-603. [PMID: 24262887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Screening of a fragment library identified 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole as a potent inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), an enzyme expressed by tumours that suppresses the immune system. Spectroscopic studies indicated that 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole interacted with the IDO1 haem and in silico docking predicted that the interaction was through hydrazine. Subsequent studies of hydrazine derivatives identified phenylhydrazine (IC50=0.25 ± 0.07 μM) to be 32-fold more potent than 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole (IC50=8.0 ± 2.3 μM) in inhibiting rhIDO1 and that it inhibited cellular IDO1 at concentrations that were noncytotoxic to cells. Here, phenylhydrazine is shown to inhibit IDO1 through binding to haem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Parng S Fung
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria St. West, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria St. West, Auckland, New Zealand
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