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Ronchetti D, Traini V, Silvestris I, Fabbiano G, Passamonti F, Bolli N, Taiana E. The pleiotropic nature of NONO, a master regulator of essential biological pathways in cancers. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:984-994. [PMID: 38493226 PMCID: PMC11257950 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
NONO is a member of the Drosophila behavior/human splicing (DBHS) family of proteins. NONO is a multifunctional protein that acts as a "molecular scaffold" to carry out versatile biological activities in many aspects of gene regulation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, DNA damage repair, and maintaining cellular circadian rhythm coupled to the cell cycle. Besides these physiological activities, emerging evidence strongly indicates that NONO-altered expression levels promote tumorigenesis. In addition, NONO can undergo various post-transcriptional or post-translational modifications, including alternative splicing, phosphorylation, methylation, and acetylation, whose impact on cancer remains largely to be elucidated. Overall, altered NONO expression and/or activities are a common feature in cancer. This review provides an integrated scenario of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms and the biological processes affected by NONO in different tumor contexts, suggesting that a better elucidation of the pleiotropic functions of NONO in physiology and tumorigenesis will make it a potential therapeutic target in cancer. In this respect, due to the complex landscape of NONO activities and interactions, we highlight caveats that must be considered during experimental planning and data interpretation of NONO studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Traini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Silvestris
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Fabbiano
- Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Passamonti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bolli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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Deng M, Tang F, Chang X, Liu P, Ji X, Hao M, Wang Y, Yang R, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Miao J. Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer: Disappointing or Promising? Mol Pharm 2024; 21:454-466. [PMID: 38232985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, one of the deadliest malignancies, lacks effective treatment, despite advancements in surgical techniques and chemotherapy. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are imperative to improving treatment outcomes. Immunotherapy, which has demonstrated considerable success in managing various cancers, has already found its place in clinical practice. This review aims to provide an overview of ovarian tumor immunotherapy, including its basics, key strategies, and clinical research data supporting its potential. In particular, this discussion highlights promising strategies such as checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and pericyte transfer, both individually and in combination. However, the advancement of new immunotherapies necessitates large controlled randomized trials, which will undoubtedly shape the future of ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Deng
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Fan Tang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Xiangyu Chang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Penglin Liu
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Xuechao Ji
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Menglin Hao
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Ruiye Yang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
- Nanyuan Hospital of Fengtai District, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Shandong 266011, China
| | - Jinwei Miao
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
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Wu Q, Fu X, He X, Liu J, Li Y, Ou C. Experimental prognostic model integrating N6-methyladenosine-related programmed cell death genes in colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:108720. [PMID: 38299031 PMCID: PMC10829884 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) intricacies, involving dysregulated cellular processes and programmed cell death (PCD), are explored in the context of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification. Utilizing the TCGA-COADREAD/CRC cohort, 854 m6A-related PCD genes are identified, forming the basis for a robust 10-gene risk model (CDRS) established through LASSO Cox regression. qPCR experiments using CRC cell lines and fresh tissues was performed for validation. The CDRS served as an independent risk factor for CRC and showed significant associations with clinical features, molecular subtypes, and overall survival in multiple datasets. Moreover, CDRS surpasses other predictors, unveiling distinct genomic profiles, pathway activations, and associations with the tumor microenvironment. Notably, CDRS exhibits predictive potential for drug sensitivity, presenting a novel paradigm for CRC risk stratification and personalized treatment avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Departments of Ultrasound Imaging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yimin Li
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
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4
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Essouma M. Autoimmune inflammatory myopathy biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 553:117742. [PMID: 38176522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The autoimmune inflammatory myopathy disease spectrum, commonly known as myositis, is a group of systemic diseases that mainly affect the muscles, skin and lungs. Biomarker assessment helps in understanding disease mechanisms, allowing for the implementation of precise strategies in the classification, diagnosis, and management of these diseases. This review examines the pathogenic mechanisms and highlights current data on blood and tissue biomarkers of autoimmune inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Essouma
- Network of Immunity in Infections, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Cameroon
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5
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Ding H, Shi H, Chen W, Liu Z, Yang Z, Li X, Qiu Z, Zhuo H. Identification of Key Prognostic Alternative Splicing Events of Costimulatory Molecule-Related Genes in Colon Cancer. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1900-1912. [PMID: 37957898 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073249972231026060301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the key alternative splicing events in costimulatory molecule-related genes in colon cancer and to determine their correlation with prognosis. METHODS Gene expression RNA-sequencing data, clinical data, and SpliceSeq data of colon cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differentially expressed alternative splicing events in genes were identified, Followed by correlation analysis of genes corresponding to differentially expressed alternative splicing events with costimulatory molecule-related genes. Survival analysis was conducted using differentially expressed alternative splicing events in these genes and a prognostic model was constructed. Functional enrichment, proteinprotein interaction network, and splicing factor analyses were performed. RESULTS In total, 6504 differentially expressed alternative splicing events in 3949 genes were identified between tumor and normal tissues. Correlation analysis revealed 3499 differentially expressed alternative splicing events in 2168 costimulatory molecule-related genes. Moreover, 328 differentially expressed alternative splicing events in 288 costimulatory molecule-related genes were associated with overall survival. The prognostic models constructed using these showed considerable power in predicting survival. The ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1 and ribosomal protein S9 were the hub nodes in the protein-protein interaction network. Furthermore, one splicing factor, splicing factor proline and glutamine-rich, was significantly associated with patient prognosis. Four splicing factor-alternative splicing pairs were obtained from four alternative splicing events in three genes: TBC1 domain family member 8 B, complement factor H, and mitochondrial fission 1. CONCLUSION The identified differentially expressed alternative splicing events of costimulatory molecule-related genes may be used to predict patient prognosis and immunotherapy responses in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Shi
- Department of General Surgery, No. 971 Hospital of PLA Navy, Shandong, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, Huangdao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Zhisheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Qingdao Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University (Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shandong, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- The IVD Medical Marketing Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shadong, China
| | - Xiaochuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Zhichao Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Shunde Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongqing Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shadong, China
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6
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Takeiwa T, Ikeda K, Horie K, Inoue S. Role of RNA binding proteins of the Drosophila behavior and human splicing (DBHS) family in health and cancer. RNA Biol 2024; 21:1-17. [PMID: 38551131 PMCID: PMC10984136 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2024.2332855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play crucial roles in the functions and homoeostasis of various tissues by regulating multiple events of RNA processing including RNA splicing, intracellular RNA transport, and mRNA translation. The Drosophila behavior and human splicing (DBHS) family proteins including PSF/SFPQ, NONO, and PSPC1 are ubiquitously expressed RBPs that contribute to the physiology of several tissues. In mammals, DBHS proteins have been reported to contribute to neurological diseases and play crucial roles in cancers, such as prostate, breast, and liver cancers, by regulating cancer-specific gene expression. Notably, in recent years, multiple small molecules targeting DBHS family proteins have been developed for application as cancer therapeutics. This review provides a recent overview of the functions of DBHS family in physiology and pathophysiology, and discusses the application of DBHS family proteins as promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
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Hao L, Zhang J, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Mao T, Guo J. Role of the RNA-binding protein family in gynecologic cancers. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3799-3821. [PMID: 37693158 PMCID: PMC10492115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancers pose a threat to women's health. Although early-stage gynecological cancers show good outcomes after standardized treatment, the prognosis of patients with advanced, met-astatic, and recurrent cancers is poor. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important cellular proteins that interact with RNA through RNA-binding domains and participate extensively in post-transcriptional regulatory processes, such as mRNA alternative splicing, polyadenylation, intracellular localization and stability, and translation. Abnormal RBP expression affects the normal function of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in many malignancies, thus leading to the occurrence or progression of cancers. Similarly, RBPs play crucial roles in gynecological carcinogenesis. We summarize the role of RBPs in gynecological malignancies and explore their potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. The findings summarized in this review may provide a guide for future research on the functions of RBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Hao
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongshan Liu
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Tiezhu Mao
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041, Jilin, China
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Li D, Yu W, Lai M. Towards understandings of serine/arginine-rich splicing factors. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3181-3207. [PMID: 37655328 PMCID: PMC10465970 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSFs) refer to twelve RNA-binding proteins which regulate splice site recognition and spliceosome assembly during precursor messenger RNA splicing. SRSFs also participate in other RNA metabolic events, such as transcription, translation and nonsense-mediated decay, during their shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm, making them indispensable for genome diversity and cellular activity. Of note, aberrant SRSF expression and/or mutations elicit fallacies in gene splicing, leading to the generation of pathogenic gene and protein isoforms, which highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting SRSF to treat diseases. In this review, we updated current understanding of SRSF structures and functions in RNA metabolism. Next, we analyzed SRSF-induced aberrant gene expression and their pathogenic outcomes in cancers and non-tumor diseases. The development of some well-characterized SRSF inhibitors was discussed in detail. We hope this review will contribute to future studies of SRSF functions and drug development targeting SRSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianyang Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Maode Lai
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pathology, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (2019RU042), Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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9
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Takayama KI, Matsuoka S, Adachi S, Honma T, Yoshida M, Doi T, Shin-ya K, Yoshida M, Osada H, Inoue S. Identification of small-molecule inhibitors against the interaction of RNA-binding protein PSF and its target RNA for cancer treatment. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad203. [PMID: 37388923 PMCID: PMC10304769 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Diverse cellular activities are modulated through a variety of RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), by binding to certain proteins. The inhibition of oncogenic proteins or RNAs is expected to suppress cancer cell proliferation. We have previously demonstrated that PSF interaction with its target RNAs, such as androgen-induced lncRNA CTBP1-AS, is critical for hormone therapy resistance in prostate and breast cancers. However, the action of protein-RNA interactions remains almost undruggable to date. High-throughput screening (HTS) has facilitated the discovery of drugs for protein-protein interactions. In the present study, we developed an in vitro alpha assay using Flag peptide-conjugated lncRNA, CTBP1-AS, and PSF. We then constructed an effective HTS screening system to explore small compounds that inhibit PSF-RNA interactions. Thirty-six compounds were identified and dose-dependently inhibited PSF-RNA interaction in vitro. Moreover, chemical optimization of these lead compounds and evaluation of cancer cell proliferation revealed two promising compounds, N-3 and C-65. These compounds induced apoptosis and inhibited cell growth in prostate and breast cancer cells. By inhibiting PSF-RNA interaction, N-3 and C-65 up-regulated signals that are repressed by PSF, such as the cell cycle signals by p53 and p27. Furthermore, using a mouse xenograft model for hormone therapy-resistant prostate cancer, we revealed that N-3 and C-65 can significantly suppress tumor growth and downstream target gene expression, such as the androgen receptor (AR). Thus, our findings highlight a therapeutic strategy through the development of inhibitors for RNA-binding events in advanced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Seiji Matsuoka
- Seed Compounds Exploratory Unit for Drug Discovery Platform, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shungo Adachi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Teruki Honma
- Drug Discovery Computational Chemistry Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masahito Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin-ya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Drug Discovery Chemical Bank Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Ni M, Zhou J, Gong W, Jiang R, Li X, Dai W, Yin Z, Chen Z, Zheng Z, Zhu J. Proteomic analysis reveals CAAP1 negatively correlates with platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. J Proteomics 2023; 277:104864. [PMID: 36870674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study sought to investigate the correlation between CAAP1 and platinum resistance in ovarian cancer and to preliminarily explore the potential biological function of CAAP1. Proteomic analysis was used to analyze differentially expressed proteins in platinum-sensitive and -resistant tissue samples of ovarian cancer. The Kaplan-Meier plotter was used for prognostic analysis. Immunohistochemistry assay and chi-square test were employed to explore the relationship between CAAP1 and platinum resistance in tissue samples. Lentivirus transfection, immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics analysis were used to determine the potential biological function of CAAP1. Based on results, the expression level of CAAP1 was significantly higher in platinum-sensitive tissues compared to that in resistant tissues. Chi-square test demonstrated that there is a negative correlation between high expression of CAAP1 and platinum resistance. Overexpression of CAAP1 increased cis‑platinum sensitivity of the A2780/DDP cell line likely via the mRNA splicing pathway by interacting with the splicing factor AKAP17A. In summary, there is a negative correlation between high expression of CAAP1 and platinum resistance. CAAP1 might be a potential biomarker for platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Platinum resistance is a key factor affecting the survival of ovarian cancer patients. Understanding the mechanisms of platinum resistance is highly important for ovarian cancer management. Here, we performed the DIA- and DDA-based proteomics to analyze differentially expressed proteins in tissue and cell samples of ovarian cancer. We found that the protein identified as CAAP1, which was first reported to be involved in the regulation of apoptosis, may be negatively correlates with platinum resistance in ovarian cancer. In addition, we also found that CAAP1 enhanced the sensitivity of platinum-resistant cells to cis‑platinum via the mRNA splicing pathway by interacting with the splicing factor AKAP17A. Our data would be useful to reveal novel molecular mechanisms of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowei Ni
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Medicinal Resources Research, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangang Gong
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ruibin Jiang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Xia Li
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Wumin Dai
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhuomin Yin
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhongbo Chen
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Zhiguo Zheng
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Jianqing Zhu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
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11
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Zhou W, Jie Q, Pan T, Shi J, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Ding N, Xu J, Ma Y, Li Y. Single-cell RNA binding protein regulatory network analyses reveal oncogenic HNRNPK-MYC signalling pathway in cancer. Commun Biol 2023; 6:82. [PMID: 36681772 PMCID: PMC9867709 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players of gene expression and perturbations of RBP-RNA regulatory network have been observed in various cancer types. Here, we propose a computational method, RBPreg, to identify the RBP regulators by integration of single cell RNA-Seq (N = 233,591) and RBP binding data. Pan-cancer analyses suggest that RBP regulators exhibit cancer and cell specificity and perturbations of RBP regulatory network are involved in cancer hallmark-related functions. We prioritize an oncogenic RBP-HNRNPK, which is highly expressed in tumors and associated with poor prognosis of patients. Functional assays performed in cancer cells reveal that HNRNPK promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations further demonstrate that HNRNPK promotes tumorigenesis and progression by directly binding to MYC and perturbed the MYC targets pathway in lung cancer. Our results provide a valuable resource for characterizing RBP regulatory networks in cancer, yielding potential biomarkers for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhou
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Qiuling Jie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Reproductive Medical Center, National Center for International Research "China-Myanmar Joint Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Regional Major Disease", The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Tao Pan
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Tiantongfei Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Na Ding
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China.
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Reproductive Medical Center, National Center for International Research "China-Myanmar Joint Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Regional Major Disease", The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Reproductive Medical Center, National Center for International Research "China-Myanmar Joint Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Regional Major Disease", The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
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12
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Rothzerg E, Feng W, Song D, Li H, Wei Q, Fox A, Wood D, Xu J, Liu Y. Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Paraspeckles Expression in Osteosarcoma Tissues. Cancer Inform 2022; 21:11769351221140101. [PMID: 36507075 PMCID: PMC9730017 DOI: 10.1177/11769351221140101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear paraspeckles are subnuclear bodies contracted by nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) long non-coding RNA, localised in the interchromatin space of mammalian cell nuclei. Paraspeckles have been critically involved in tumour progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. To this date, there are limited findings to suggest that paraspeckles, NEAT1 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) directly or indirectly play roles in osteosarcoma progression. Herein, we analysed NEAT1, paraspeckle proteins (SFPQ, PSPC1 and NONO) and hnRNP members (HNRNPK, HNRNPM, HNRNPR and HNRNPD) gene expression in 6 osteosarcoma tumour tissues using the single-cell RNA-sequencing method. The normalised data highlighted that the paraspeckles transcripts were highly abundant in osteoblastic OS cells, except NEAT1, which was highly expressed in myeloid cell 1 and 2 subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Rothzerg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Wenyu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dezhi Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia,Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia,Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Orthopedic Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Orthopedics Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingjun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Archa Fox
- School of Human Sciences and Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Wood
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia,Jiake Xu, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia,Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,Yun Liu, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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13
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Wang Z, Wang S, Qin J, Zhang X, Lu G, Liu H, Guo H, Wu L, Shender VO, Shao C, Kong B, Liu Z. Splicing factor BUD31 promotes ovarian cancer progression through sustaining the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2L12. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6246. [PMID: 36271053 PMCID: PMC9587234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of splicing factors has important roles in cancer development and progression. However, it remains a challenge to identify the cancer-specific splicing variants. Here we demonstrate that spliceosome component BUD31 is increased in ovarian cancer, and its higher expression predicts worse prognosis. We characterize the BUD31-binding motif and find that BUD31 preferentially binds exon-intron regions near splicing sites. Further analysis reveals that BUD31 inhibition results in extensive exon skipping and a reduced production of long isoforms containing full coding sequence. In particular, we identify BCL2L12, an anti-apoptotic BCL2 family member, as one of the functional splicing targets of BUD31. BUD31 stimulates the inclusion of exon 3 to generate full-length BCL2L12 and promotes ovarian cancer progression. Knockdown of BUD31 or splice-switching antisense oligonucleotide treatment promotes exon 3 skipping and results in a truncated isoform of BCL2L12 that undergoes nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and the cells subsequently undergo apoptosis. Our findings reveal BUD31-regulated exon inclusion as a critical factor for ovarian cancer cell survival and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Meli lake Translational Research Park, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shourong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junchao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Meli lake Translational Research Park, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ligang Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Victoria O Shender
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Changshun Shao
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Beihua Kong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Meli lake Translational Research Park, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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14
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The splicing factor SF3B4 drives proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer by regulating SPAG5. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:326. [PMID: 35853859 PMCID: PMC9296558 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of alternative splicing (AS) by the splicing factor 3b (SF3B) family plays an essential role in cancer. However, the biological function of SF3B family members in cervical cancer (CC) needs to be further elucidated. In this study, we found that splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (SF3B4) was highly expressed in CC by bioinformatics analysis using cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, we demonstrated that high expression of SF3B4 promoted proliferation and invasion abilities of CC cells in vitro and in vivo and that reduced expression of SF3B4 performed the opposite effect. Further RNA-seq and AS analysis showed that sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) was a downstream target gene of SF3B4. Interestingly, SPAG5 expression was decreased after SF3B4 knockdown because of retained introns (RIs) and reduced maturation of SPAG5 pre-mRNA. Importantly, SPAG5 deficiency impaired the oncogenic effects of SF3B4 overexpression on CC cells. In conclusion, SF3B4 promotes CC progression by regulating the effective splicing of SPAG5. SF3B4 could be a promising target for CC.
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15
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Fan S, Hu Y. Role of m6A Methylation in the Occurrence and Development of Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:892113. [PMID: 35811741 PMCID: PMC9263194 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.892113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is one of the most common epigenetic modifications in RNA nucleotides. It is known that m6A methylation is involved in regulation, including gene expression, homeostasis, mRNA stability and other biological processes, affecting metabolism and a variety of biochemical regulation processes, and affecting the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. Cardiovascular disease has high morbidity, disability rate and mortality in the world, of which heart failure is the final stage. Deeper understanding of the potential molecular mechanism of heart failure and exploring more effective treatment strategies will bring good news to the sick population. At present, m6A methylation is the latest research direction, which reveals some potential links between epigenetics and pathogenesis of heart failure. And m6A methylation will bring new directions and ideas for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. The purpose of this paper is to review the physiological and pathological mechanisms of m6A methylation that may be involved in cardiac remodeling in heart failure, so as to explain the possible role of m6A methylation in the occurrence and development of heart failure. And we hope to help m6A methylation obtain more in-depth research in the occurrence and development of heart failure.
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16
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Yang L, Yang J, Jacobson B, Gilbertsen A, Smith K, Higgins L, Guerrero C, Xia H, Henke CA, Lin J. SFPQ Promotes Lung Cancer Malignancy via Regulation of CD44 v6 Expression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:862250. [PMID: 35707369 PMCID: PMC9190464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.862250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contribute to tumor pathogenesis and elicit antitumor immune responses in tumor microenvironments. Nuclear proteins might be the main players in these processes. In the current study, combining spatial proteomics with ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) in lung non-small cell (NSC) cancer MSCs, we identify a key nuclear protein regulator, SFPQ (Splicing Factor Proline and Glutamine Rich), which is overexpressed in lung cancer MSCs and functions to promote MSCs proliferation, chemical resistance, and invasion. Mechanistically, the knockdown of SFPQ reduces CD44v6 expression to inhibit lung cancer MSCs stemness, proliferation in vitro, and metastasis in vivo. The data indicates that SFPQ may be a potential therapeutic target for limiting growth, chemotherapy resistance, and metastasis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libang Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,The Cancer Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Blake Jacobson
- Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Adam Gilbertsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Karen Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Candace Guerrero
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Hong Xia
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Craig A Henke
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jizhen Lin
- The Cancer Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,The Immunotherapy Research Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology, Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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17
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Malhan D, Basti A, Relógio A. Transcriptome analysis of clock disrupted cancer cells reveals differential alternative splicing of cancer hallmarks genes. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:17. [PMID: 35552415 PMCID: PMC9098426 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence points towards a regulatory role of the circadian clock in alternative splicing (AS). Whether alterations in core-clock components may contribute to differential AS events is largely unknown. To address this, we carried out a computational analysis on recently generated time-series RNA-seq datasets from three core-clock knockout (KO) genes (ARNTL, NR1D1, PER2) and WT of a colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line, and time-series RNA-seq datasets for additional CRC and Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) cells, murine WT, Arntl KO, and Nr1d1/2 KO, and murine SCN WT tissue. The deletion of individual core-clock genes resulted in the loss of circadian expression in crucial spliceosome components such as SF3A1 (in ARNTLKO), SNW1 (in NR1D1KO), and HNRNPC (in PER2KO), which led to a differential pattern of KO-specific AS events. All HCT116KO cells showed a rhythmicity loss of a crucial spliceosome gene U2AF1, which was also not rhythmic in higher progression stage CRC and HL cancer cells. AS analysis revealed an increase in alternative first exon events specific to PER2 and NR1D1 KO in HCT116 cells, and a KO-specific change in expression and rhythmicity pattern of AS transcripts related to cancer hallmarks genes including FGFR2 in HCT116_ARNTLKO, CD44 in HCT116_NR1D1KO, and MET in HCT116_PER2KO. KO-specific changes in rhythmic properties of known spliced variants of these genes (e.g. FGFR2 IIIb/FGFR2 IIIc) correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal-transition signalling. Altogether, our bioinformatic analysis highlights a role for the circadian clock in the regulation of AS, and reveals a potential impact of clock disruption in aberrant splicing in cancer hallmark genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Malhan
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.,Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.,Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany
| | - Alireza Basti
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.,Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.,Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany
| | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany. .,Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany. .,Institute for Systems Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, 20457, Germany.
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18
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SF3B4 promotes ovarian cancer progression by regulating alternative splicing of RAD52. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:179. [PMID: 35210412 PMCID: PMC8873359 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have proven that splicing factors are crucial for human malignant tumor development. However, as a classical splicing factor, the expression of SF3B4 is not clear, and its biological function needs to be further clarified in ovarian cancer (OC). We determined that SF3B4 was obviously upregulated and its high expression was associated with poor prognosis in OC patients. In vitro and in vivo assays suggested that SF3B4 overexpression promoted OC cell proliferation and mobility, and downregulation of SF3B4 had the opposite effect. Further studies found that miR-509–3p decreased SF3B4 mRNA expression by binding to the 3’ -UTR of SF3B4 directly. Importantly, we revealed that RAD52 was a potential target of SF3B4 through alternative splicing events analysis. Loss of SF3B4 led to decreased expression of RAD52, owing to intron 8 retention and generation of premature termination codons. Moreover, decreased expression of RAD52 partially counteracted the tumor-promoting effect of SF3B4 overexpression. In conclusion, our results suggested that SF3B4, negatively regulated by miR-509–3p, promoted OC progression through effective splicing of RAD52. Therefore, SF3B4 may be a promising biomarker and effective therapeutic target for OC.
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19
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Meng Y, Li S, Zhang Q, Ben S, Zhu Q, Du M, Gu D. LncRNA‐422 suppresses the proliferation and growth of colorectal cancer cells by targeting SFPQ. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e664. [PMID: 35075799 PMCID: PMC8787101 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Meng
- Department of Oncology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Qiuyi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Shuai Ben
- Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Qiuyuan Zhu
- Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
- Department of Biostatistics Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Dongying Gu
- Department of Oncology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
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20
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Wu J, Wu Y, Guo Q, Wang S, Wu X. RNA-binding proteins in ovarian cancer: a novel avenue of their roles in diagnosis and treatment. J Transl Med 2022; 20:37. [PMID: 35062979 PMCID: PMC8783520 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), an important cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide, is one of the most malignant cancers and is characterized by a poor prognosis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), a class of endogenous proteins that can bind to mRNAs and modify (or even determine) the amount of protein they can generate, have attracted great attention in the context of various diseases, especially cancers. Compelling studies have suggested that RBPs are aberrantly expressed in different cancer tissues and cell types, including OC tissues and cells. More specifically, RBPs can regulate proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity and serve as potential therapeutic targets in OC. Herein, we summarize what is currently known about the biogenesis, molecular functions and potential roles of human RBPs in OC and their prospects for application in the clinical treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangchun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinhao Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Wang S, Wang S, Zhang X, Meng D, Xia Q, Xie S, Shen S, Yu B, Hu J, Liu H, Yan W. Comprehensive analysis of prognosis-related alternative splicing events in ovarian cancer. RNA Biol 2022; 19:1007-1018. [PMID: 35980273 PMCID: PMC9397453 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2022.2113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OV) is characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant alternative splicing (AS) events are associated with the pathogenesis of cancer. We examined prognosis-related alternative splicing events and constructed a clinically applicable model to predict patients’ outcomes. Public database including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), TCGA SpliceSeq, and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer databases were used to detect the AS expression, immune cell infiltration and IC50. The prognosis-related AS model was constructed and validated by using Cox regression, LASSO regression, C-index, calibration plots, and ROC curves. A total of eight AS events (including FLT3LG|50942|AP) were selected to establish the prognosis-related AS model. Compared with high-risk group, low-risk group had a better outcome (P = 1.794e-06), was more sensitive to paclitaxel (P = 0.022), and higher proportions of plasma cells. We explored the upstream regulatory mechanisms of prognosis-related AS and found that two splicing factor and 156 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms may be involved in the regulation of prognosis-related AS. In order to assess patient prognosis more comprehensively, we constructed a clinically applicable model combining risk score and clinicopathological features, and the 1 -, and 3-year AUCs of the clinically applicable model were 0.812, and 0.726, which were 7.5% and 3.3% higher than that of the risk score. We constructed a prognostic signature for OV patients and comprehensively analysed the regulatory characteristics of the prognostic AS events in OV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianqian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuqian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingjia Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haohan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Parker KA, Robinson NJ, Schiemann WP. The role of RNA processing and regulation in metastatic dormancy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 78:23-34. [PMID: 33775829 PMCID: PMC8464634 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor dormancy is a major contributor to the lethality of metastatic disease, especially for cancer patients who develop metastases years-to-decades after initial diagnosis. Indeed, tumor cells can disseminate during early disease stages and persist in new microenvironments at distal sites for months, years, or even decades before initiating metastatic outgrowth. This delay between primary tumor remission and metastatic relapse is known as "dormancy," during which disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) acquire quiescent states in response to intrinsic (i.e., cellular) and extrinsic (i.e., microenvironmental) signals. Maintaining dormancy-associated phenotypes requires DTCs to activate transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms that engender cellular plasticity. RNA processing is emerging as an essential facet of cellular plasticity, particularly with respect to the initiation, maintenance, and reversal of dormancy-associated phenotypes. Moreover, dysregulated RNA processing, particularly that associated with alternative RNA splicing and expression of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), can occur in DTCs to mediate intrinsic and extrinsic metastatic dormancy. Here we review the pathophysiological impact of alternative RNA splicing and ncRNAs in promoting metastatic dormancy and disease recurrence in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Parker
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nathaniel J. Robinson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - William P. Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Corresponding Author: William P. Schiemann, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Wolstein Research Building, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106 Phone: 216-368-5763.
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23
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Zhao C, Li Y, Qiu C, Chen J, Wu H, Wang Q, Ma X, Song K, Kong B. Splicing Factor DDX23, Transcriptionally Activated by E2F1, Promotes Ovarian Cancer Progression by Regulating FOXM1. Front Oncol 2021; 11:749144. [PMID: 34966670 PMCID: PMC8710544 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.749144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma remains the most lethal gynecological carcinoma. Abnormal expression of splicing factors is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. The DEAD-box RNA helicases are important members of the splicing factor family. However, their role in the occurrence and progression of ovarian cancer is still unclear. In this study, we identified DEAD-box helicase 23 (DDX23) as a key DEAD-box RNA helicase in ovarian cancer using bioinformatics methods. We determined that DDX23 was upregulated in ovarian cancer and its high expression predicted poor prognosis. Functional assays indicated that DDX23 silencing significantly impeded cell proliferation/invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, transcriptomic analysis showed that DDX23 was involved in mRNA processing in ovarian cancer cells. Specifically, DDX23 regulated the mRNA processing of FOXM1. DDX23 silencing reduced the production of FOXM1C, the major oncogenic transcript of FOXM1 in ovarian cancer, thereby decreasing the FOXM1 protein expression and attenuating the malignant progression of ovarian cancer. Rescue assays indicated that FOXM1 was a key executor in DDX23-induced malignant phenotype of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we confirmed that DDX23 was transcriptionally activated by the transcription factor (TF) E2F1 in ovarian cancer using luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that high DDX23 expression is involved in malignant behavior of ovarian cancer and DDX23 may become a potential target for precision therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunping Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuman Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kun Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Beihua Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Gynecology Oncology Key Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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24
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Morelli AP, Tortelli TC, Mancini MCS, Pavan ICB, Silva LGS, Severino MB, Granato DC, Pestana NF, Ponte LGS, Peruca GF, Pauletti BA, Dos Santos DFG, de Moura LP, Bezerra RMN, Leme AFP, Chammas R, Simabuco FM. STAT3 contributes to cisplatin resistance, modulating EMT markers, and the mTOR signaling in lung adenocarcinoma. Neoplasia 2021; 23:1048-1058. [PMID: 34543857 PMCID: PMC8453219 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is strongly associated with cisplatin resistance. The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in cancer cells and coordinates critical cellular processes as survival, self-renewal, and inflammation. In several types of cancer, STAT3 controls the development, immunogenicity, and malignant behavior of tumor cells while it dictates the responsiveness to radio- and chemotherapy. It is known that STAT3 phosphorylation at Ser727 by mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is necessary for its maximal activation, but the crosstalk between STAT3 and mTOR signaling in cisplatin resistance remains elusive. In this study, using a proteomic approach, we revealed important targets and signaling pathways altered in cisplatin-resistant A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. STAT3 had increased expression in a resistance context, which can be associated with a poor prognosis. STAT3 knockout (SKO) resulted in a decreased mesenchymal phenotype in A549 cells, observed by clonogenic potential and by the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Importantly, SKO cells did not acquire the mTOR pathway overactivation induced by cisplatin resistance. Consistently, SKO cells were more responsive to mTOR inhibition by rapamycin and presented impairment of the feedback activation loop in Akt. Therefore, rapamycin was even more potent in inhibiting the clonogenic potential in SKO cells and sensitized to cisplatin treatment. Mechanistically, STAT3 partially coordinated the cisplatin resistance phenotype via the mTOR pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Thus, our findings reveal important targets and highlight the significance of the crosstalk between STAT3 and mTOR signaling in cisplatin resistance. The synergic inhibition of STAT3 and mTOR potentially unveil a potential mechanism of synthetic lethality to be explored for human lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Morelli
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Tharcísio Citrângulo Tortelli
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camargo Silva Mancini
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Signaling Mechanisms, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Guilherme Salvino Silva
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Brandemarte Severino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Fortes Pestana
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Saboia Ponte
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Francisco Peruca
- Exercise Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Alves Pauletti
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Exercise Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Maria Neves Bezerra
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia, Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.
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25
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SFPQ rescues F508del-CFTR expression and function in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16645. [PMID: 34404863 PMCID: PMC8371023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96141-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) occurs as a result of mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which lead to misfolding, trafficking defects, and impaired function of the CFTR protein. Splicing factor proline/glutamine-rich (SFPQ) is a multifunctional nuclear RNA-binding protein (RBP) implicated in the regulation of gene expression pathways and intracellular trafficking. Here, we investigated the role of SFPQ in the regulation of the expression and function of F508del-CFTR in CF lung epithelial cells. We find that the expression of SFPQ is reduced in F508del-CFTR CF epithelial cells compared to WT-CFTR control cells. Interestingly, the overexpression of SFPQ in CF cells increases the expression as well as rescues the function of F508del-CFTR. Further, comprehensive transcriptome analyses indicate that SFPQ plays a key role in activating the mutant F508del-CFTR by modulating several cellular signaling pathways. This is the first report on the role of SFPQ in the regulation of expression and function of F508del-CFTR in CF lung disease. Our findings provide new insights into SFPQ-mediated molecular mechanisms and point to possible novel epigenetic therapeutic targets for CF and related pulmonary diseases.
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26
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Bi O, Anene CA, Nsengimana J, Shelton M, Roberts W, Newton-Bishop J, Boyne JR. SFPQ promotes an oncogenic transcriptomic state in melanoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:5192-5203. [PMID: 34218270 PMCID: PMC8376646 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The multifunctional protein, splicing factor, proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) has been implicated in numerous cancers often due to interaction with coding and non-coding RNAs, however, its role in melanoma remains unclear. We report that knockdown of SFPQ expression in melanoma cells decelerates several cancer-associated cell phenotypes, including cell growth, migration, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and glycolysis. RIP-seq analysis revealed that the SFPQ-RNA interactome is reprogrammed in melanoma cells and specifically enriched with key melanoma-associated coding and long non-coding transcripts, including SOX10, AMIGO2 and LINC00511 and in most cases SFPQ is required for the efficient expression of these genes. Functional analysis of two SFPQ-enriched lncRNA, LINC00511 and LINC01234, demonstrated that these genes independently contribute to the melanoma phenotype and a more detailed analysis of LINC00511 indicated that this occurs in part via modulation of the miR-625-5p/PKM2 axis. Importantly, analysis of a large clinical cohort revealed that elevated expression of SFPQ in primary melanoma tumours may have utility as a prognostic biomarker. Together, these data suggest that SFPQ is an important driver of melanoma, likely due to SFPQ-RNA interactions promoting the expression of numerous oncogenic transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Bi
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - C A Anene
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - J Nsengimana
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - M Shelton
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - W Roberts
- School of Clinical and Applied Science, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | | | - J R Boyne
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
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27
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Sun X, Cheng L, Liu J, Xie C, Yang J, Li F. Predicting lncRNA-Protein Interaction With Weighted Graph-Regularized Matrix Factorization. Front Genet 2021; 12:690096. [PMID: 34335693 PMCID: PMC8322775 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.690096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely concerned because of their close associations with many key biological activities. Though precise functions of most lncRNAs are unknown, research works show that lncRNAs usually exert biological function by interacting with the corresponding proteins. The experimental validation of interactions between lncRNAs and proteins is costly and time-consuming. In this study, we developed a weighted graph-regularized matrix factorization (LPI-WGRMF) method to find unobserved lncRNA-protein interactions (LPIs) based on lncRNA similarity matrix, protein similarity matrix, and known LPIs. We compared our proposed LPI-WGRMF method with five classical LPI prediction methods, that is, LPBNI, LPI-IBNRA, LPIHN, RWR, and collaborative filtering (CF). The results demonstrate that the LPI-WGRMF method can produce high-accuracy performance, obtaining an AUC score of 0.9012 and AUPR of 0.7324. The case study showed that SFPQ, SNHG3, and PRPF31 may associate with Q9NUL5, Q9NUL5, and Q9UKV8 with the highest linking probabilities and need to further experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibo Sun
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | | | - Jinyang Liu
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.,Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuinan Xie
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.,Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiasheng Yang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Fu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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28
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Zhang W, Qian Y, Jia G. The detection and functions of RNA modification m 6A based on m 6A writers and erasers. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100973. [PMID: 34280435 PMCID: PMC8350415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most frequent chemical modification in eukaryotic mRNA and is known to participate in a variety of physiological processes, including cancer progression and viral infection. The reversible and dynamic m6A modification is installed by m6A methyltransferase (writer) enzymes and erased by m6A demethylase (eraser) enzymes. m6A modification recognized by m6A binding proteins (readers) regulates RNA processing and metabolism, leading to downstream biological effects such as promotion of stability and translation or increased degradation. The m6A writers and erasers determine the abundance of m6A modifications and play decisive roles in its distribution and function. In this review, we focused on m6A writers and erasers and present an overview on their known functions and enzymatic molecular mechanisms, showing how they recognize substrates and install or remove m6A modifications. We also summarize the current applications of m6A writers and erasers for m6A detection and highlight the merits and drawbacks of these available methods. Lastly, we describe the biological functions of m6A in cancers and viral infection based on research of m6A writers and erasers and introduce new assays for m6A functionality via programmable m6A editing tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Qian
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guifang Jia
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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29
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Kesheh MM, Mahmoudvand S, Shokri S. Long noncoding RNAs in respiratory viruses: A review. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2275. [PMID: 34252234 PMCID: PMC8420315 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post‐transcriptional levels. Both human lncRNAs and lncRNAs encoded by viruses can modulate the expression of host genes which are critical for viral replication, latency, activation of signalling pathways, cytokine and chemokine production, RNAi processing, expression of interferons (IFNs) and interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs). Studies on lncRNAs as key regulators of host‐virus interactions may give new insights into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of related diseases. This current review focuses on the role of lncRNAs, and their interactions with respiratory viruses including influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mobini Kesheh
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shokri
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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30
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Takayama KI, Honma T, Suzuki T, Kondoh Y, Osada H, Suzuki Y, Yoshida M, Inoue S. Targeting Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation by PSF Impairs Hormone Therapy-Refractory Cancer Growth. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3495-3508. [PMID: 33975881 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding protein PSF functions as an epigenetic modifier by interacting with long noncoding RNAs and the corepressor complex. PSF also promotes RNA splicing events to enhance oncogenic signals. In this study, we conducted an in vitro chemical array screen and identified multiple small molecules that interact with PSF. Several molecules inhibited RNA binding by PSF and decreased prostate cancer cell viability. Among these molecules and its derivatives was a promising molecule, No. 10-3 [7,8-dihydroxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one], that was the most effective at blocking PSF RNA-binding ability and suppressing treatment-resistant prostate and breast cancer cell proliferation. Exposure to No. 10-3 inhibited PSF target gene expression at the mRNA level. Treatment with No. 10-3 reversed epigenetically repressed PSF downstream targets, such as cell-cycle inhibitors, at the transcriptional level. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing in prostate cancer cells revealed that No. 10-3 enhances histone acetylation to induce expression of apoptosis as well as cell-cycle inhibitors. Furthermore, No. 10-3 exhibited antitumor efficacy in a hormone therapy-resistant prostate cancer xenograft mouse model, suppressing treatment-resistant tumor growth. Taken together, this study highlights the feasibility of targeting PSF-mediated epigenetic and RNA-splicing activities for the treatment of aggressive cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies small molecules that target PSF-RNA interactions and suppress hormone therapy-refractory cancer growth, suggesting the potential of targeting PSF-mediated gene regulation for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Takayama
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruki Honma
- Drug Discovery Computational Chemistry Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Kondoh
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Drug Discovery Chemical Bank Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Drug Discovery Chemical Bank Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Drug Discovery Seed Compounds Exploratory Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
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31
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Wang L, Wen Z, Ma H, Wu L, Chen H, Zhu Y, Niu L, Wu Q, Li H, Shi L, Li L, Wan L, Wang J, Wong KW, Song Y. Long non-coding RNAs ENST00000429730.1 and MSTRG.93125.4 are associated with metabolic activity in tuberculosis lesions of sputum-negative tuberculosis patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8228-8247. [PMID: 33686954 PMCID: PMC8034958 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of complete inactivation of tuberculosis lesions is still a challenge with respect to sputum-negative tuberculosis. RNA-sequencing was conducted to uncover potential lncRNA indicators of metabolic activity in tuberculosis lesions. Lung tissues with high metabolic activity and low metabolic activity demonstrated by fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography were collected from five sputum-negative tuberculosis patients for RNA-sequencing. Differentially-expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were identified. Their correlations were evaluated to construct lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network, in which lncRNAs and mRNAs with high degrees were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR using samples collected from 11 patients. Prediction efficiencies of lncRNA indicators were assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for potential lncRNAs. 386 mRNAs and 44 lncRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed. Differentially-expressed mRNAs in lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network were significantly associated with fibrillar collagen, platelet-derived growth factor binding, and leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response. Seven mRNAs (C1QB, CD68, CCL5, CCL19, MMP7, HLA-DMB, and CYBB) and two lncRNAs (ENST00000429730.1 and MSTRG.93125.4) were validated to be significantly up-regulated. The area under the curve of ENST00000429730.1 and MSTRG.93125.4 was 0.750 and 0.813, respectively. Two lncRNAs ENST00000429730.1 and MSTRG.93125.4 might be considered as potential indicators of metabolic activity in tuberculosis lesions for sputum-negative tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilu Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangfei Niu
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leiyi Wan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ka-Wing Wong
- Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanzheng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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32
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Wang F, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Qiao X, Zhang X, Zhang K, Gu X, Wang L, Cui J. MUC16 promotes EOC proliferation by regulating GLUT1 expression. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3031-3040. [PMID: 33543559 PMCID: PMC7957195 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common malignancy in females with a higher incidence rate, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogeneous disease with complexity and diversity in histology and therapeutic response. Although great progress has been made in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, novel therapeutic strategies are required to improve survival. Although the promoting effect of mucin 16 (MUC16) on tumour progression has been reported, the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In our study, we reported that overexpression of MUC16 was significantly related to cell proliferation and disease progression in EOC. Results from clinical specimen analysis and cell experiment support this conclusion. Patients with a high MUC16 expression usually had a worse prognosis that those with a low expression. Cell proliferation ability was significantly decreased in EOC cell lines when the knockdown of MUC16. Further study shows that the function of MUC16 in cell proliferation is based on the regulation of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression. MUC16 can control glucose uptake by regulating GLUT1 in EOC cells, thereby promoting glycogen synthesis, so that tumour cells produce more energy for proliferation. This conclusion is based on two findings. First, the significant correlation between MUC16 and GLUT1 was verified by clinical specimen and TCGA data analysis. Then, alteration of MUC16 expression levels can affect the expression of GLUT1 and glucose uptake was also verified. Finally, this conclusion is further verified in vivo by tumour‐bearing mice model. To summarize, our results suggest that MUC16 promotes EOC proliferation and disease progression by regulating GLUT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaogai Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinquan Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Du JX, Zhu GQ, Cai JL, Wang B, Luo YH, Chen C, Cai CZ, Zhang SJ, Zhou J, Fan J, Zhu W, Dai Z. Splicing factors: Insights into their regulatory network in alternative splicing in cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:83-104. [PMID: 33309781 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
More than 95% of all human genes are alternatively spliced after transcription, which enriches the diversity of proteins and regulates transcript and/or protein levels. The splicing isoforms produced from the same gene can manifest distinctly, even exerting opposite effects. Mounting evidence indicates that the alternative splicing (AS) mechanism is ubiquitous in various cancers and drives the generation and maintenance of various hallmarks of cancer, such as enhanced proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, and angiogenesis. Splicing factors (SFs) play pivotal roles in the recognition of splice sites and the assembly of spliceosomes during AS. In this review, we mainly discuss the similarities and differences of SF domains, the details of SF function in AS, the effect of SF-driven pathological AS on different hallmarks of cancer, and the main drivers of SF expression level and subcellular localization. In addition, we briefly introduce the application prospects of targeted therapeutic strategies, including small-molecule inhibitors, siRNAs and splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs), from three perspectives (drivers, SFs and pathological AS). Finally, we share our insights into the potential direction of research on SF-centric AS-related regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xian Du
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Liang Cai
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Hong Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cheng-Zhe Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Si-Jia Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi Dai
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Pellarin I, Belletti B, Baldassarre G. RNA splicing alteration in the response to platinum chemotherapy in ovarian cancer: A possible biomarker and therapeutic target. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:586-615. [PMID: 33058230 DOI: 10.1002/med.21741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery, alternative splicing has been recognized as a powerful way for a cell to amplify the genetic information and for a living organism to adapt, evolve, and survive. We now know that a very high number of genes are regulated by alternative splicing and that alterations of splicing have been observed in different types of human diseases, including cancer. Here, we review the accumulating knowledge that links the regulation of alternative splicing to the response to chemotherapy, focusing our attention on ovarian cancer and platinum-based treatments. Moreover, we discuss how expanding information could be exploited to identify new possible biomarkers of platinum response, to better select patients, and/or to design new therapies able to overcome platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Pellarin
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Belletti
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gustavo Baldassarre
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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Serum- and glucocorticoid- inducible kinase 2, SGK2, is a novel autophagy regulator and modulates platinum drugs response in cancer cells. Oncogene 2020; 39:6370-6386. [PMID: 32848212 PMCID: PMC7529585 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
For many tumor types chemotherapy still represents the therapy of choice and many standard treatments are based on the use of platinum (PT) drugs. However, de novo or acquired resistance to platinum is frequent and leads to disease progression. In Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) patients, PT-resistant recurrences are very common and improving the response to treatment still represents an unmet clinical need. To identify new modulators of PT-sensitivity, we performed a loss-of-function screening targeting 680 genes potentially involved in the response of EOC cells to platinum. We found that SGK2 (Serum-and Glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 2) plays a key role in PT-response. We show here that EOC cells relay on the induction of autophagy to escape PT-induced death and that SGK2 inhibition increases PT sensitivity inducing a block in the autophagy cascade due to the impairment of lysosomal acidification. Mechanistically we demonstrate that SGK2 controls autophagy in a kinase-dependent manner by binding and inhibiting the V-ATPase proton pump. Accordingly, SGK2 phosphorylates the subunit V1H (ATP6V1H) of V-ATPase and silencing or chemical inhibition of SGK2, affects the normal autophagic flux and sensitizes EOC cells to platinum. Hence, we identified a new pathway that links autophagy to the survival of cancer cells under platinum treatment in which the druggable kinase SGK2 plays a central role. Our data suggest that blocking autophagy via SGK2 inhibition could represent a novel therapeutic strategy to improve patients' response to platinum.
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