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Bae H, Lee B, Hwang S, Lee J, Kim HS, Suh YL. Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of IDH-Wildtype Glioblastoma with FGFR3::TACC3 Fusion. Biomedicines 2024; 12:150. [PMID: 38255255 PMCID: PMC10813214 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System recently incorporated histological features, immunophenotypes, and molecular characteristics to improve the accuracy of glioblastoma (GBM) diagnosis. FGFR3::TACC3 (F3T3) fusion has been identified as an oncogenic driver in IDH-wildtype GBMs. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of using FGFR inhibitors in clinical trials and TACC3-targeting agents in preclinical models for GBM treatment. However, there is limited information on the clinicopathological and genetic features of IDH-wildtype GBMs with F3T3 fusion. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the clinical manifestations, histological features, and mutational profiles of F3T3-positive GBMs. Between September 2017 and February 2023, 25 consecutive cases (5.0%) of F3T3-positive GBM were extracted from 504 cases of IDH-wildtype GBM. Clinicopathological information and targeted sequencing results obtained from 25 primary and 4 recurrent F3T3-positive GBMs were evaluated and compared with those from F3T3-negative GBMs. The provisional grades determined by histology only were distributed as follows: 4 (26/29; 89.7%), 3 (2/29; 6.9%), and 2 (1/29; 3.4%). Grade 2-3 tumors were ultimately diagnosed as grade 4 GBMs based on the identification of the TERT promoter mutation and the combined gain of chromosome 7 and loss of chromosome 10 (7+/10-). F3T3-positive GBMs predominantly affected women (2.6 females per male). The mean age of patients with an F3T3-positive GBM at initial diagnosis was 62 years. F3T3-positive GBMs occurred more frequently in the cortical locations compared to F3T3-negative GBMs. Imaging studies revealed that more than one-third (12/29; 41.4%) of F3T3-positive GBMs displayed a circumscribed tumor border. Seven of the seventeen patients (41.2%) whose follow-up periods exceeded 20 months died of the disease. Histologically, F3T3-positive GBMs more frequently showed curvilinear capillary proliferation, palisading nuclei, and calcification compared to F3T3-negative GBMs. Molecularly, the most common alterations observed in F3T3-positive GBMs were TERT promoter mutations and 7+/10-, whereas amplifications of EGFR, PDGFRA, and KIT were not detected at all. Other genetic alterations included CDKN2A/B deletion, PTEN mutation, TP53 mutation, CDK4 amplification, and MDM2 amplification. Our observations suggest that F3T3-positive GBM is a distinct molecular subgroup of the IDH-wildtype GBM. Both clinicians and pathologists should consider this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of diffuse astrocytic glioma to make an accurate diagnosis and to ensure appropriate therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsik Bae
- Pathology Center, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Republic of Korea;
| | - Boram Lee
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Soohyun Hwang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Yeon-Lim Suh
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (S.H.)
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2
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Saatci O, Sahin O. TACC3: a multi-functional protein promoting cancer cell survival and aggressiveness. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2637-2655. [PMID: 38197196 PMCID: PMC10936615 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2302243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
TACC3 is the most oncogenic member of the transforming acidic coiled-coil domain-containing protein (TACC) family. It is one of the major recruitment factors of distinct multi-protein complexes. TACC3 is localized to spindles, centrosomes, and nucleus, and regulates key oncogenic processes, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness. Recently, TACC3 inhibition has been identified as a vulnerability in highly aggressive cancers, such as cancers with centrosome amplification (CA). TACC3 has spatiotemporal functions throughout the cell cycle; therefore, targeting TACC3 causes cell death in mitosis and interphase in cancer cells with CA. In the clinics, TACC3 is highly expressed and associated with worse survival in multiple cancers. Furthermore, TACC3 is a part of one of the most common fusions of FGFR, FGFR3-TACC3 and is important for the oncogenicity of the fusion. A detailed understanding of the regulation of TACC3 expression, its key partners, and molecular functions in cancer cells is vital for uncovering the most vulnerable tumors and maximizing the therapeutic potential of targeting this highly oncogenic protein. In this review, we summarize the established and emerging interactors and spatiotemporal functions of TACC3 in cancer cells, discuss the potential of TACC3 as a biomarker in cancer, and therapeutic potential of its inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Saatci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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3
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Safhi FA, Al-Hazani TMI, Jalal AS, Alduwish MA, Alshaya DS, Almufareh NA, Domiaty DM, Alshehri E, Al-Shamrani SM, Abboosh TS, Alotaibi MA, Alwaili MA, Al-Qahtani WS. FGFR3 and FGFR4 overexpression in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: impact of smoking history and implications for personalized management. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:749-758. [PMID: 37656292 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, including smoking, have been linked to neoplastic diseases, and reports suggest an association between smoking and overexpression of FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor) in certain neoplasms. This study aims to assess the expression of FGFR3 and FGFR4 genes in patients with and without a history of smoking.A total of 118 participants were recruited, including 83 Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) patients and 35 healthy participants, the JNA patients were further stratified as smokers and nonsmokers. Total RNA was extracted from the blood & saliva sample by using TRIzol reagent, and quantified using a Nanodrop, and then subjected to gene expression analysis of FGFR3/4 using RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry analysis was employed using fresh biopsies of JNA to validate the findings. All experiments were performed in triplicates and analysed using the Chi-Square test (P < 0.05). Smokers exhibited significantly lower total RNA concentrations across all sample types (P < 0.001). The study revealed significant upregulation of both FGFR3/4 genes in JNA patients (P < 0.05). Moreover, FGFR3 expression was significantly higher among smokers 66% (95% CI: 53-79%) compared to non-smokers 22% (95% CI: 18-26%). Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated moderate to strong staining intensity for FGFR3 among smokers. The study highlights the overexpression of FGFR3/4 genes in JNA patients, with a stronger association observed among smokers. Furthermore, medical reports indicated higher rates of recurrence and bleeding intensity among smokers. These findings emphasize the potential role of FGFR3 as a key molecular factor in JNA, particularly in the context of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah Ahmed Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Mohamed Ibrahim Al-Hazani
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, 11940, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Saud Jalal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Abdullah Alduwish
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, 11940, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal S Alshaya
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Abdulrahman Almufareh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dental Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Mostafa Domiaty
- College of Science, Department of Biology, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 13151, 21493, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alshehri
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salha M Al-Shamrani
- College of Science, Department of Biology, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 13151, 21493, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Saeed Abboosh
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Public Security, Forensic Evidence Laboratories, Criminal Examinations, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha Abdulla Alwaili
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, P.O. Box 6830, 11452, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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4
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Gedik ME, Saatci O, Oberholtzer N, Uner M, Akbulut O, Cetin M, Aras M, Ibis K, Caliskan B, Banoglu E, Wiemann S, Uner A, Aksoy S, Mehrotra S, Sahin O. Reviving immunogenic cell death upon targeting TACC3 enhances T-DM1 response in HER2-positive breast cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.12.557273. [PMID: 37745348 PMCID: PMC10515808 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.557273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD), an immune-priming form of cell death, has been shown to be induced by several different anti-cancer therapies. Despite being the first and one of the most successful antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) approved for refractory HER2-positive breast cancer, little is known if response and resistance to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) involves ICD modulation that can be leveraged to enhance T-DM1 response. Here, we report that T-DM1 induces spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC)-dependent ICD in sensitive cells by inducing eIF2α phosphorylation, surface exposure of calreticulin, ATP and HMGB1 release, and secretion of ICD-related cytokines, all of which are lost in resistance. Accordingly, an ICD-related gene signature correlates with clinical response to T-DM1-containing therapy. We found that transforming acidic coiled-coil containing 3 (TACC3) is overexpressed in T-DM1 resistant cells, and that T-DM1 responsive patients have reduced TACC3 protein while the non-responders exhibited increased TACC3 expression during T-DM1 treatment. Notably, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TACC3 revives T-DM1-induced SAC activation and induction of ICD markers in vitro. Finally, TACC3 inhibition elicits ICD in vivo shown by vaccination assay, and it potentiates T-DM1 by inducing dendritic cell (DC) maturation and enhancing infiltration of cytotoxic T cells in the human HER2-overexpressing MMTV.f.huHER2#5 (Fo5) transgenic model. Together, our results show that ICD is a key mechanism of action of T-DM1 which is lost in resistance, and that targeting TACC3 restores T-DM1-mediated ICD and overcomes resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Emre Gedik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ozge Saatci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Nathaniel Oberholtzer
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Meral Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Ozge Akbulut
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Metin Cetin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Mertkaya Aras
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Kubra Ibis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Burcu Caliskan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF580, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Aysegul Uner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Sercan Aksoy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, 06100, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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5
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Hiranuma K, Asami Y, Kato MK, Murakami N, Shimada Y, Matsuda M, Yazaki S, Fujii E, Sudo K, Kuno I, Komatsu M, Hamamoto R, Makinoshima H, Matsumoto K, Ishikawa M, Kohno T, Terao Y, Itakura A, Yoshida H, Shiraishi K, Kato T. Rare FGFR fusion genes in cervical cancer and transcriptome-based subgrouping of patients with a poor prognosis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:17835-17848. [PMID: 37537783 PMCID: PMC10524028 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cervical cancer is often characterized as preventable, its incidence continues to increase in low- and middle-income countries, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutics for this disease.This study assessed the distribution of fusion genes across cancer types and used an RNA-based classification to divide cervical cancer patients with a poor prognosis into subgroups. MATERIAL AND METHODS RNA sequencing of 116 patients with cervical cancer was conducted. Fusion genes were extracted using StarFusion program. To identify a high-risk group for recurrence, 65 patients who received postoperative adjuvant therapy were subjected to non-negative matrix factorization to identify differentially expressed genes between recurrent and nonrecurrent groups. RESULTS We identified three cases with FGFR3-TACC3 and one with GOPC-ROS1 fusion genes as potential targets. A search of publicly available data from cBioPortal (21,789 cases) and the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (32,608 cases) showed that the FGFR3 fusion is present in 1.5% and 0.6% of patients with cervical cancer, respectively. The frequency of the FGFR3 fusion gene was higher in cervical cancer than in other cancers, regardless of ethnicity. Non-negative matrix factorization identified that the patients were classified into four Basis groups. Pathway enrichment analysis identified more extracellular matrix kinetics dysregulation in Basis 3 and more immune system dysregulation in Basis 4 than in the good prognosis group. CIBERSORT analysis showed that the fraction of M1 macrophages was lower in the poor prognosis group than in the good prognosis group. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of FGFR fusion genes in patients with cervical cancer was determined by RNA-based analysis and used to classify patients into clinically relevant subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Hiranuma
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJuntendo University Faculty of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuka Asami
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShowa University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Mayumi Kobayashi Kato
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of GynecologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Naoya Murakami
- Department of Radiation OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yoko Shimada
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Maiko Matsuda
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Shu Yazaki
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Erisa Fujii
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of GynecologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuki Sudo
- Department of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Ikumi Kuno
- Department of GynecologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Division of Medical AI Research and DevelopmentNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Cancer Translational Research TeamRIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence ProjectTokyoJapan
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Division of Medical AI Research and DevelopmentNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Cancer Translational Research TeamRIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence ProjectTokyoJapan
| | | | - Koji Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShowa University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Mitsuya Ishikawa
- Department of GynecologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Yasuhisa Terao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJuntendo University Faculty of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Atsuo Itakura
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJuntendo University Faculty of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kouya Shiraishi
- Division of Genome BiologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
- Department of Clinical GenomicsNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Tomoyasu Kato
- Department of GynecologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
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Li J, Xue X, Zhang Y, Ding F, Wu W, Liu C, Xu Y, Chen H, Ou Q, Shao Y, Li X, Wu F, Wu X. The differences in immune features and genomic profiling between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma - A multi-center study in Chinese patients with uterine cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2023; 175:133-141. [PMID: 37356314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) of the uterine cervix have distinct biological behaviors and different treatment responses. Studies on immune features and genomic profiling of these two pathologic types were limited and mainly focused on small patient cohorts. METHODS From 2014 to 2021, 336 (254 SCC vs. 82 AC) cervical cancer patients who were diagnosed/treated in 7 medical centers in China were enrolled in the study. Next-generation sequencing of 425 cancer-relevant genes was performed on tumor tissues and liquid biopsies. Somatic alterations and immune response-related biomarkers were analyzed. Patient prognosis and immune infiltration were analyzed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS AC tended to have more immunotherapy resistance-related STK11 alterations (P = 0.039), a higher proportion of microsatellite instability (P = 0.21), and more actionable mutations (P = 0.161). In contrast, higher tumor mutational burdens (TMB; P = 0.01), a higher proportion of TMB-high patients (P = 0.016), and more PD-L1-high patients (P = 0.0013) were observed in SCC. Multiple genetic alterations and aberrant signaling pathways were specifically enriched in AC (e.g., TP53, KRAS, ERBB2, and ARID1A alterations) or SCC (e.g., PIK3CA, FBXW7, EP300, and BAP1 mutations). Notably, AC-enriched genetic changes were significantly associated with decreased infiltrations of various B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, whereas SCC-associated molecular features tended to be associated with increased CD4+ T cell infiltrations. CONCLUSIONS This was the first multi-center study revealing the immunologic and genomic features between SCC and AC in Chinese patients with cervical cancer. Our findings have illustrated the difference in genetic profiles of those two cervical cancer subtypes, which may suggest the possibility of differential treatment regimens, with better immunotherapy efficacy in SCC and targeted therapy options more favorable in AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaohong Xue
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Weifang People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Fengna Ding
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Linyi Tumor Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanlin Chen
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuxiang Ou
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinjun Li
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Tamura R, Nakaoka H, Yachida N, Ueda H, Ishiguro T, Motoyama T, Inoue I, Enomoto T, Yoshihara K. Spatial genomic diversity associated with APOBEC mutagenesis in squamous cell carcinoma arising from ovarian teratoma. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:2145-2157. [PMID: 36762791 PMCID: PMC10154883 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the gross and microscopic features of squamous cell carcinoma arising from ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT-SCC) vary from case to case, the spatial spreading of genomic alterations within the tumor remains unclear. To clarify the spatial genomic diversity in MCT-SCCs, we performed whole-exome sequencing by collecting 16 samples from histologically different parts of two MCT-SCCs. Both cases showed histological diversity within the tumors (case 1: nonkeratinizing and keratinizing SCC and case 2: nonkeratinizing SCC and anaplastic carcinoma) and had different somatic mutation profiles by histological findings. Mutation signature analysis revealed a significantly enriched apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit (APOBEC) signature at all sites. Intriguingly, the spread of genomic alterations within the tumor and the clonal evolution patterns from nonmalignant epithelium to cancer sites differed between cases. TP53 mutation and copy number alterations were widespread at all sites, including the nonmalignant epithelium, in case 1. Keratinizing and nonkeratinizing SCCs were differentiated by the occurrence of unique somatic mutations from a common ancestral clone. In contrast, the nonmalignant epithelium showed almost no somatic mutations in case 2. TP53 mutation and the copy number alteration similarities were observed only in nonkeratinizing SCC samples. Nonkeratinizing SCC and anaplastic carcinoma shared almost no somatic mutations, suggesting that each locally and independently arose in the MCT. We demonstrated that two MCT-SCCs with different histologic findings were highly heterogeneous tumors with clearly different clones associated with APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis, suggesting the importance of evaluating intratumor histological and genetic heterogeneity among multiple sites of MCT-SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakaoka
- Department of Cancer Genome Research, Sasaki Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yachida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Haruka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishiguro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Teiichi Motoyama
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ituro Inoue
- Division of Human Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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8
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Kim S, Jeong YK, Cho CS, Lee S, Sohn CH, Kim JH, Jeong Y, Jo DH, Bae S, Lee H. Enhancement of Gene Editing and Base Editing with Therapeutic Ribonucleoproteins through In Vivo Delivery Based on Absorptive Silica Nanoconstruct. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2201825. [PMID: 36326169 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Key to the widespread and secure application of genome editing tools is the safe and effective delivery of multiple components of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) into single cells, which remains a biological barrier to their clinical application. To overcome this issue, a robust RNP delivery platform based on a biocompatible sponge-like silica nanoconstruct (SN) for storing and directly delivering therapeutic RNPs, including Cas9 nuclease RNP (Cas9-RNP) and base editor RNP (BE-RNP) is designed. Compared with commercialized material such as lipid-based methods, up to 50-fold gene deletion and 10-fold base substitution efficiency is obtained with a low off-target efficiency by targeting various cells and genes. In particular, gene correction is successfully induced by SN-based delivery through intravenous injection in an in vivo solid-tumor model and through subretinal injection in mouse eye. Moreover, because of its low toxicity and high biodegradability, SN has negligible effect on cellular function of organs. As the engineered SN can overcome practical challenges associated with therapeutic RNP application, it is strongly expected this platform to be a modular RNPs delivery system, facilitating in vivo gene deletion and editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongchan Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You Kyeong Jeong
- Medical Research Center of Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sik Cho
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SeokHoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Sohn
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science, Graduate Program in Nanobiomedical Engineering, Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Jo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Medical Research Center of Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Lee
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 02792, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School - Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 02792, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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9
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Zhao W, Sun X, Shi L, Cai SZ, Ma ZR. Discovery of novel analogs of KHS101 as transforming acidic coiled coil containing protein 3 (TACC3) inhibitors for the treatment of glioblastoma. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Zhou C, Wu F, Liang M, Li J, Shao Y. Anti-Programmed Death Protein-1 (PD-1) Antibody Combined with Paclitaxel Exert Anti-Cancer Effect on Cervical Cancer Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of combined drugs on cervical cancer has been confirmed. Whether anti-PD-1 antibody combined with paclitaxel mediates the PI3K-Akt pathway to regulate cervical cancer still requires further research. 20 nude mice received subcutaneous administration of Hela cells
to establish cervical cancer model which was then assigned into blank control group, control group A (PD-1 antibody (5 mg/ kg) administration), control group B (paclitaxel), and observation group (PD-1 antibody combined with paclitaxel) followed by analysis of cell proliferation, apoptosis,
expression of PI3K-Akt signaling proteins and mRNAs. Observation group had lowest tumor size, highest cell proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis, which were all reversed in blank group with a largest tumor size, lowest cell proliferation inhibition rate and cell apoptosis. There were
no differences between control group A and control group B (P > 0.05). The expressions of PI3K, Akt, p53, and p21 proteins were lowest in observation group and highest in blank group. In addition, control group showed no difference to control group B (P > 0.05). In conclusion,
anti-PD-1 antibody combined with paclitaxel inhibits PI3K-Akt signaling activity, thereby downregulating PI3K, Akt, p53, and p21 protein, controlling cervical cancer cell division, promoting cell apoptosis, and exerting anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhou
- Union Jiangnan Hospital, First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Union Jiangnan Hospital, First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Mengjie Liang
- Union Jiangnan Hospital, First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Union Jiangnan Hospital, First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuping Shao
- Union Jiangnan Hospital, First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
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11
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Chen L, Li H, Yao D, Zou Q, Yu W, Zhou L. The novel circ_0084904/miR-802/MAL2 axis promotes the development of cervical cancer. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100600. [PMID: 35033901 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as critical regulators in human cancers, including cervical cancer (CC). However, the precise action of circ_0084904 in cervical carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. The levels of circ_0084904, microRNA (miR)-802, and Mal, T cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2) were checked by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or western blot. Ribonuclease R (RNase R) and subcellular localization assays were used to detect the stability and localization of circ_0084904, respectively. Cell colony formation ability was assessed by colony formation assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion abilities were gauged by transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were applied to determine the direct relationship between miR-802 and circ_0084904 or MAL2. The xenograft experiments were performed to evaluate the role of circ_0084904 in tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0084904 was markedly up-regulated in CC tissues and cell lines. Silencing endogenous circ_0084904 impeded cell colony formation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promoted apoptosis in vitro, as well as diminished tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circ_0084904 targeted miR-802, and the effects of circ_0084904 silencing were mediated by miR-802. MAL2 was directly targeted and inhibited by miR-802, and MAL2 was a functional target of miR-802. Moreover, circ_0084904 modulated MAL2 expression via miR-802. Our study identified circ_0084904 as a novel oncogenic driver in CC depending on the modulation of the miR-802/MAL2 axis, establishing the notion that silencing of circ_0084904 might represent a promising targeted therapy for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hongying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Dongmei Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Weichang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Limin Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, 430070, Hubei, China.
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12
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Mahmood HTNA, Tomas Bort E, Walker AJ, Grose RP, Chioni AM. FGF signalling facilitates cervical cancer progression. FEBS J 2021; 289:3440-3456. [PMID: 34951738 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women worldwide. While cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), not all females infected with HPV develop the disease, suggesting that other factors might facilitate its progression. Growing evidence supports the involvement of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) axis in several cancers, including gynecological. However, for cervical cancer, the molecular mechanisms that underpin the disease remain poorly understood, including the role of FGFR signaling. The aim of this study was to investigate FGF(R) signaling in cervical cancer through bioinformatic analysis of cell line and patient data and through detailed expression profiling, manipulation of the FGFR axis, and downstream phenotypic analysis in cell lines (HeLa, SiHa, and CaSki). Expression (protein and mRNA) analysis demonstrated that FGFR1b/c, FGFR2b/c, FGFR4, FGF2, FGF4, and FGF7 were expressed in all three lines. Interestingly, FGFR1 and 2 localized to the nucleus, supporting that nuclear FGFRs could act as transcription factors. Importantly, 2D and 3D cell cultures demonstrated that FGFR activation can facilitate cell functions correlated with invasive disease. Collectively, this study supports an association between FGFR signaling and cervical cancer progression, laying the foundations for the development of therapeutic approaches targeting FGFR in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Tomas Bort
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Anthony J Walker
- School of Life Sciences Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | - Richard P Grose
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Athina-Myrto Chioni
- School of Life Sciences Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK
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13
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Soltan OM, Shoman ME, Abdel-Aziz SA, Narumi A, Konno H, Abdel-Aziz M. Molecular hybrids: A five-year survey on structures of multiple targeted hybrids of protein kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113768. [PMID: 34450497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases have grown over the past few years as a crucial target for different cancer types. With the multifactorial nature of cancer, and the fast development of drug resistance for conventional chemotherapeutics, a strategy for designing multi-target agents was suggested to potentially increase drug efficacy, minimize side effects and retain the proper pharmacokinetic properties. Kinase inhibitors were used extensively in such strategy. Different kinase inhibitor agents which target EGFR, VEGFR, c-Met, CDK, PDK and other targets were merged into hybrids with conventional chemotherapeutics such as tubulin polymerization and topoisomerase inhibitors. Other hybrids were designed gathering kinase inhibitors with targeted cancer therapy such as HDAC, PARP, HSP 90 inhibitors. Nitric oxide donor molecules were also merged with kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. The current review presents the hybrids designed in the past five years discussing their design principles, results and highlights their future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Soltan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mai E Shoman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Salah A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 61111, Minia, Egypt
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
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14
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Lu B, Jiang R, Xie B, Wu W, Zhao Y. Fusion genes in gynecologic tumors: the occurrence, molecular mechanism and prospect for therapy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:783. [PMID: 34381020 PMCID: PMC8357806 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gene fusions are thought to be driver mutations in multiple cancers and are an important factor for poor patient prognosis. Most of them appear in specific cancers, thus satisfactory strategies can be developed for the precise treatment of these types of cancer. Currently, there are few targeted drugs to treat gynecologic tumors, and patients with gynecologic cancer often have a poor prognosis because of tumor progression or recurrence. With the application of massively parallel sequencing, a large number of fusion genes have been discovered in gynecologic tumors, and some fusions have been confirmed to be involved in the biological process of tumor progression. To this end, the present article reviews the current research status of all confirmed fusion genes in gynecologic tumors, including their rearrangement mechanism and frequency in ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, endometrial stromal sarcoma, and other types of uterine tumors. We also describe the mechanisms by which fusion genes are generated and their oncogenic mechanism. Finally, we discuss the prospect of fusion genes as therapeutic targets in gynecologic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfeng Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruqi Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bumin Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Wen YL, Yan SM, Wei W, Yang X, Zhang SW, Yun JP, Liu LL, Luo RZ. Transforming acidic coiled-coil protein-3: a novel marker for differential diagnosis and prognosis prediction in endocervical adenocarcinoma. Mol Med 2021; 27:60. [PMID: 34134633 PMCID: PMC8210387 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECA) is further classified as human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated (HPVA) or non-HPVA (NHPVA), per the International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC). HPVA is a glandular tumor with stromal invasion and/or exophytic expansile-type invasion, associated with the typical molecular characteristics of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection. Transforming acidic coiled-coil protein-3 (TACC3),an oncogene that is frequently abnormally expressed,represents a vital biomarker for multiple human malignancies. This study aimed to examine the role of TACC3 in the diagnosis and prognosis of ECA. Methods We analyzed 264 patients with ECA who underwent surgical resection, classifying their tumors into HPVA and NHPVA subtypes. The expression levels of TACC3, P16, MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6 and Ki-67 in tumors were evaluated by tissue microarray using immunohistochemistry (IHC). HPV subtypes were identified in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) ECA tissues by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results ECA samples showed increased TACC3 expression relative to adjacent non-carcinoma samples. TACC3 expression was higher in HPVA than in NHPA. In the HPVA subtype, high TACC3 expression was significantly correlated with P16-positive, Ki-67-high expression. Furthermore, TACC3 levels were significantly related to tumor histological type (P = 0.006), nerve invasion (P = 0.003), differentiation (P = 0.004), surgical margin (P = 0.012), parametrium invasion (P = 0.040), P16 expression (P < 0.001), and Ki-67 (P = 0.004). Additionally, Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that TACC3 upregulation was associated with poor overall survival (OS, P = 0.001), disease-free survival (DFS, P < 0.001), and recurrence survival (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that elevated TACC3 expression served as a marker to independently predict ECA prognosis. ROC curve analyses indicated that TACC3, P16, and HPV subtypes showed similar utility for distinguishing HPVA from NHPVA, with areas under the ROC curves of 0.640, 0.649, and 0.675, respectively. The combination of TACC3 and HPV subtypes improved the diagnostic performance of ECA compared with TACC3, P16, and HPV subtypes alone. Conclusions Taken together, our findings identify that TACC3 is a promising complementary biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis for patients with ECA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00298-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Wen
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Mei Yan
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi-Wen Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
| | - Rong-Zhen Luo
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651# Dong Feng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Silencing of hsa_circ_0009035 Suppresses Cervical Cancer Progression and Enhances Radiosensitivity through MicroRNA 889-3p-Dependent Regulation of HOXB7. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:e0063120. [PMID: 33782039 PMCID: PMC8316008 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00631-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of endogenous noncoding RNAs, have been identified as critical regulators in human carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the precise actions of hsa_circ_0009035 in the progression and radioresistance of cervical cancer (CC). The levels of hsa_circ_0009035, microRNA 889-3p (miR-889-3p), and homeobox B7 (HOXB7) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or Western blotting. RNase R and actinomycin D assays were used to assess the stability of hsa_circ_0009035. Cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were gauged with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and transwell assays. Cell colony formation and survival were determined by the colony formation assay. Targeted correlations among hsa_circ_0009035, miR-889-3p, and HOXB7 were examined by the dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), or RNA pulldown assay. Animal studies were performed to evaluate the impact of hsa_circ_0009035 on tumor growth. We found that hsa_circ_0009035 was highly expressed in CC tissues and cells, and it was associated with the radioresistance of CC patients. Moreover, the silencing of hsa_circ_0009035 inhibited CC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and it enhanced apoptosis and radiosensitivity in vitro and weakened tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0009035 directly targeted miR-889-3p by binding to miR-889-3p, and hsa_circ_0009035 modulated HOXB7 expression through miR-889-3p. HOXB7 was a functional target of miR-889-3p in regulating CC progression and radioresistance in vitro, and hsa_circ_0009035 modulated CC progression and radioresistance in vitro by miR-889-3p. Our current study first identified hsa_circ_0009035 as an important regulator of CC progression and radioresistance at least in part through targeting the miR-889-3p/HOXB7 axis, highlighting its significance as a potential therapeutic target for CC treatment.
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17
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Ferguson HR, Smith MP, Francavilla C. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) and Noncanonical Partners in Cancer Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:1201. [PMID: 34068954 PMCID: PMC8156822 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that success of targeted therapies in the treatment of cancer is context-dependent and is influenced by a complex crosstalk between signaling pathways and between cell types in the tumor. The Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)/FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling axis highlights the importance of such context-dependent signaling in cancer. Aberrant FGFR signaling has been characterized in almost all cancer types, most commonly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, glioblastoma, prostate cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. This occurs primarily through amplification and over-expression of FGFR1 and FGFR2 resulting in ligand-independent activation. Mutations and translocations of FGFR1-4 are also identified in cancer. Canonical FGF-FGFR signaling is tightly regulated by ligand-receptor combinations as well as direct interactions with the FGFR coreceptors heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and Klotho. Noncanonical FGFR signaling partners have been implicated in differential regulation of FGFR signaling. FGFR directly interacts with cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, contributing to invasive and migratory properties of cancer cells, whereas interactions with other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate angiogenic, resistance to therapy, and metastatic potential of cancer cells. The diversity in FGFR signaling partners supports a role for FGFR signaling in cancer, independent of genetic aberration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet R. Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Michael P. Smith
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
- Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
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18
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Holzhauser S, Wild N, Zupancic M, Ursu RG, Bersani C, Näsman A, Kostopoulou ON, Dalianis T. Targeted Therapy With PI3K and FGFR Inhibitors on Human Papillomavirus Positive and Negative Tonsillar and Base of Tongue Cancer Lines With and Without Corresponding Mutations. Front Oncol 2021; 11:640490. [PMID: 34046344 PMCID: PMC8144504 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.640490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) tonsillar and base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC/BOTSCC), the major subsites of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) have favorable outcome, but upon relapse, outcome is poor and new therapies needed. Since, phosphatidyl-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) and fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-3 (FGFR3) mutations often occur in such tumors, here, we tested targeted therapy directed to such genes in TSCC/BOTSCC cell lines. We also combined the two types of inhibitors with each other, and cisplatin or docetaxel that are used clinically. Methods The HPV+ CU-OP-2, -3, -20, UPCI-SCC-154, and HPV- CU-OP-17 and UT-SCC-60A cell lines were first tested for common PIK3CA/FGFR3 mutations by competitive-allele-specific TaqMan-PCR. They were then treated with the food and drug administration (FDA) approved drugs, alpelisib (BYL719) and erdafitinib (JNJ-42756493) alone and in combination with cisplatin or docetaxel. Viability, proliferation, apoptosis and cytotoxicity responses were thereafter followed by WST-1 assays and the IncuCyte S3 Live® Cell Analysis System. Results HPV+ CU-OP-2 had a pS249C-FGFR3, and like CU-OP-20, a pE545K-PIK3CA mutation, while no other lines had such mutations. Irrespectively, dose dependent responses to all PI3K/FGFR inhibitors were obtained, and upon combining the inhibitors, positive effects were observed. Cisplatin and docetaxel also induced dose dependent responses, and upon combination with the inhibitors, both positive and neutral effects were found. Conclusions The data suggest that FDA approved drugs alpelisib and erdafitinib efficiently inhibit TSCC/BOTSCC cell line growth, especially when combined irrespective of presence of corresponding mutations and should be further explored, for use upon recurrent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Holzhauser
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Wild
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark Zupancic
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ramona G Ursu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Cinzia Bersani
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Näsman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Yachida N, Yoshihara K, Suda K, Nakaoka H, Ueda H, Sugino K, Yamaguchi M, Mori Y, Yamawaki K, Tamura R, Ishiguro T, Kase H, Motoyama T, Enomoto T. Biological significance of KRAS mutant allele expression in ovarian endometriosis. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2020-2032. [PMID: 33675098 PMCID: PMC8088964 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
KRAS is the most frequently mutated in ovarian endometriosis. However, it is unclear whether the KRAS mutant allele's mRNA is expressed and plays a biological role in ovarian endometriosis. Here, we performed mutation-specific RNA in situ hybridization to evaluate mutant allele expression of KRAS p.G12V, the most frequently detected mutation in ovarian endometriosis in our previous study, in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) samples of ovarian endometriosis, cancer cell lines, and ovarian cancers. First, we verified that mutant or wild-type allele of KRAS were expressed in all 5 cancer cell lines and 9 ovarian cancer cases corresponding to the mutation status. Next, we applied this assay to 26 ovarian endometriosis cases, and observed mutant allele expression of KRAS p.G12V in 10 cases. Mutant or wild-type allele of KRAS were expressed in line with mutation status in 12 available endometriosis cases for which KRAS gene sequence was determined. Comparison of clinical features between ovarian endometriosis with KRAS p.G12V mutant allele expression and with KRAS wild-type showed that KRAS p.G12V mutant allele expression was significantly associated with inflammation in ovarian endometriosis. Finally, we assessed the spatial distribution of KRAS mutant allele expression in 5 endometriosis cases by performing multiregional sampling. Intratumor heterogeneity of KRAS mutant allele expression was observed in two endometriosis cases, whereas the spatial distribution of KRAS p.G12V mutation signals were diffuse and homogenous in ovarian cancer. In conclusion, evaluation of oncogene mutant expression will be useful for clarifying the biological significance of oncogene mutations in benign tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Yachida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Suda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakaoka
- Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.,Department of Cancer Genome Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Haruka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sugino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Manako Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaro Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamawaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryo Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishiguro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagaoka Chuo General Hospital, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Teiichi Motoyama
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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20
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Liu G, Chen T, Ding Z, Wang Y, Wei Y, Wei X. Inhibition of FGF-FGFR and VEGF-VEGFR signalling in cancer treatment. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13009. [PMID: 33655556 PMCID: PMC8016646 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The sites of targeted therapy are limited and need to be expanded. The FGF‐FGFR signalling plays pivotal roles in the oncogenic process, and FGF/FGFR inhibitors are a promising method to treat FGFR‐altered tumours. The VEGF‐VEGFR signalling is the most crucial pathway to induce angiogenesis, and inhibiting this cascade has already got success in treating tumours. While both their efficacy and antitumour spectrum are limited, combining FGF/FGFR inhibitors with VEGF/VEGFR inhibitors are an excellent way to optimize the curative effect and expand the antitumour range because their combination can target both tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. In addition, biomarkers need to be developed to predict the efficacy, and combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors is a promising direction in the future. The article will discuss the FGF‐FGFR signalling pathway, the VEGF‐VEGFR signalling pathway, the rationale of combining these two signalling pathways and recent small‐molecule FGFR/VEGFR inhibitors based on clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Liu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Cardiology Department, Chengdu NO.7 People's Hospital, Chengdu Tumor Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenyu Ding
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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21
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Holzhauser S, Lukoseviciute M, Papachristofi C, Vasilopoulou C, Herold N, Wickström M, Kostopoulou ON, Dalianis T. Effects of PI3K and FGFR inhibitors alone and in combination, and with/without cytostatics in childhood neuroblastoma cell lines. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:211-225. [PMID: 33491755 PMCID: PMC7864013 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogenous disease with treatment varying from observation for low-risk tumors, to extensive therapy with chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and autologous bone-marrow-transplantation and immunotherapy. However, a high frequency of primary-chemo-refractory disease and recurrences urgently require novel treatment strategies. The present study therefore investigated the anti-NB efficacy of the recently FDA-approved phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors, alpelisib (BYL719) and erdafitinib (JNJ-42756493), alone and in combination with or without cisplatin, vincristine, or doxorubicin on 5 NB cell lines. For this purpose, the NB cell lines, SK-N-AS, SK-N-BE(2)-C, SK-N-DZ, SK-N-FI and SK-N-SH (where SK-N-DZ had a deletion of PIK3C2G and none had FGFR mutations according to the Cancer Program's Dependency Map, although some were chemoresistant), were tested for their sensitivity to FDA-approved inhibitors alone or in combination, or together with cytostatic drugs by viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and proliferation assays. The results revealed that monotherapy with alpelisib or erdafitinib resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability and proliferation. Notably, the combined use of PI3K and FGFR inhibitors resulted in an enhanced efficacy, while their combined use with the canonical cytotoxic agents, cisplatin, vincristine and doxorubicin, resulted in variable synergistic, additive and antagonistic effects. Collectively, the present study provides pre-clinical evidence that PI3K and FGFR inhibitors exhibit promising anti-NB activity. The data presented herein also indicate that the incorporation of these inhibitors into chemotherapeutic regimens requires careful consideration and further research in order to obtain a beneficial efficacy. Nevertheless, the addition of PI3K and FGFR inhibitors to the treatment arsenal might reduce the occurrence of refractory and relapsing disease in NB without FGFR and PI3K mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Holzhauser
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monika Lukoseviciute
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Nikolas Herold
- Children and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Wickström
- Children and Women's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Gill CM, Orfanelli T, Yoxtheimer L, Roy-McMahon C, Suhner J, Tomita S, Kalir T, Liu Y, Houldsworth J, Kolev V. Histology-specific FGFR2 alterations and FGFR2-TACC2 fusion in mixed adenoid cystic and neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2020; 34:100668. [PMID: 33241100 PMCID: PMC7672274 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2020.100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix portends a dismal prognosis with limited treatment options. Rarely, tumors of mixed-lineage appear in gynecologic malignancies. Here, we report a 77-year-old woman who presented with complete uterine prolapse and 4-month history of vaginal bleeding. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a mixed adenoid cystic carcinoma and neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The tumor was PD-L1 and HPV 35 positive. The patient was treated with up-front surgery and adjuvant radiation. Independent, histology-specific alterations in FGFR2 and a FGFR2-TACC2 fusion were identified. Progression of disease occurred within 6 months for which she received chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, the patient expired within a year. We comprehensively review how screening for and targeting of FGFR alterations in recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer might serve as a touchstone for future treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey M Gill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Theofano Orfanelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lorene Yoxtheimer
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christine Roy-McMahon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jessa Suhner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Shannon Tomita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tamara Kalir
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jane Houldsworth
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Valentin Kolev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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23
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Zhu DL, Tuo XM, Rong Y, Zhang K, Guo Y. Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling as therapeutic targets in female reproductive system cancers. J Cancer 2020; 11:7264-7275. [PMID: 33193890 PMCID: PMC7646179 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, cervical cancer and endometrial cancer are three relatively common malignant cancers of the female reproductive system. Despite improvements in female genital tract cancer detection and development of new therapeutic approaches, there are still poor prognoses and some do not respond to therapeutic patterns, displaying low survival and high frequency of recurrence. In an era of personalized medicine, novel therapeutic approaches with greater efficacy for these cancers represent an unmet need. One of the actionable signaling pathways is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway. Several mutations and alterations in FGF/FGFR family members have been reported in human cancers. FGF/FGFR signaling pathway has become a new target for cancer therapy. This review will summarize the role of FGFR pathway and the genetic alterations of the FGF/FGFR related to female reproductive system cancer. We will describe the available inhibitors of FGFR pathway for potential treatment of female reproductive system cancer. Furthermore, we will discuss FGFR-targeted therapies under clinical development for treatment of female reproductive system cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Trauma Surgery, Honghui Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.,Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China, 710054.,Research institute of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China, 311215
| | - Xiao-Mei Tuo
- Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China, 710054
| | - Yu Rong
- Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China, 710054
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Trauma Surgery, Honghui Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Trauma Surgery, Honghui Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.,Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China, 710054
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24
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Chelerythrine hydrochloride inhibits proliferation and induces mitochondrial apoptosis in cervical cancer cells via PI3K/BAD signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 68:104965. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Zhou J, Dong ZN, Qiu BQ, Hu M, Liang XQ, Dai X, Hong D, Sun YF. CircRNA FGFR3 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer by regulating miR-29a-3p/E2F1 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14080-14091. [PMID: 32668414 PMCID: PMC7425466 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression after transcription. However, the specific function of circRNAs in ovarian cancer remains undetermined. Previous studies have demonstrated abnormal expression of circFGFR3 in several cancers. The present study was designed to reveal the roles of circFGFR3 in ovarian cancer (OC). CircFGFR3 expression in OC tissues and cells was detected by RT-qPCR. The effects of CircFGFR3 on OC cells were evaluated by transwell assay and CCK-8 assay. Finally, the underlying mechanism was further revealed by luciferase reporter assay and western blotting. Our results showed that circFGFR3 expression was higher in OC cells and tissues than in normal ovarian cells and adjacent normal tissues; in addition, in OC patients, a high level of CircFGFR3 was related to lower survival rates and higher recurrence rates than a low level of circFGFR3. CircFGFR3 overexpression promotes OC progression by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Mechanistically, circFGFR3 upregulates E2F1 expression by sponging miR-29a-3p, and the overexpression of E2F1 or the suppression of miR-29a-3p induces OC cell EMT. Therefore, circFGFR3 serves as a promoter of OC by inducing OC cell EMT via the miR-29a-3p/E2F1 axis and circFGFR3 may be a prognostic biomarker for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Ning Dong
- Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Quan Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, P.R. China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xing Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Dan Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Fang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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26
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Banella C, Ginevrino M, Catalano G, Fabiani E, Falconi G, Divona M, Curzi P, Panetta P, Voso MT, Noguera NI. Absence of FGFR3-TACC3 rearrangement in hematological malignancies with numerical chromosomal alteration. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2020; 14:163-168. [PMID: 32199932 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
FGFR-TACC, found in different tumor types, is characterized by the fusion of a member of fibroblast grown factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase (TK) family to a member of the transforming acidic coiled-coil (TACC) proteins. Because chromosome numerical alterations, hallmarks of FGFR-TACC fusions are present in many hematological disorders and there are no data on the prevalence, we studied a series of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome who presented numerical alterations using cytogenetic traditional analysis. None of the analyzed samples showed FGFR3-TACC3 gene fusion, so screening for this mutation at diagnosis is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Banella
- Neuro-oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Ginevrino
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Deparment of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Catalano
- Neuro-oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - E Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G Falconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Divona
- Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - P Curzi
- Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - P Panetta
- Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Voso
- Neuro-oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - N I Noguera
- Neuro-oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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27
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Tamura R, Yoshihara K, Nakaoka H, Yachida N, Yamaguchi M, Suda K, Ishiguro T, Nishino K, Ichikawa H, Homma K, Kikuchi A, Ueda Y, Takei Y, Fujiwara H, Motoyama T, Okuda S, Wakai T, Inoue I, Enomoto T. XCL1 expression correlates with CD8-positive T cells infiltration and PD-L1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary. Oncogene 2020; 39:3541-3554. [PMID: 32115573 PMCID: PMC7176584 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular characteristics of carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCT) remain unclear due to its rarity. We analyzed RNA-sequencing data of 2322 pan-cancer [1378 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 6 adenosquamous carcinomas (ASC), and 938 adenocarcinomas (AC)] including six carcinomas arising from MCT (four SCCs, one ASC, and one AC). Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed that gene expression profiles of carcinomas arising from MCT were different between each histological type and that gene expression profiles of SCCs arising MCT (MCT-SCCs) was apparently similar to those of lung SCCs. By epidermis-associated pathways activity based on gene set enrichment analysis, 1030 SCCs were divided into two groups: epidermis-signature high (head and neck, esophagus, and skin) and low (cervix, lung, and MCT). In addition to pan-SCC transcriptome analysis, cytokeratin profiling based on immunohistochemistry in the independent samples of 21 MCT-SCCs clarified that MCT-SCC dominantly expressed CK18, suggesting the origin of MCT-SCC was columnar epithelium. Subsequently, we investigated differentially expressed genes in MCT-SCCs compared with different SCCs and identified XCL1 was specifically overexpressed in MCT-SCCs. Through immunohistochemistry analysis, we identified XCL1 expression on tumor cells in 13/24 (54%) of MCT-SCCs but not in MCTs. XCL1 expression was also significantly associated with the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8-positive T cells and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells. XCL1 produced by tumor cells may induce PD1/PD-L1 interaction and dysfunction of CD8-positive T cells in tumor microenvironment. XCL1 expression may be a novel biomarker for malignant transformation of MCT into SCC and a biomarker candidate for therapeutic response to an anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Nakaoka
- Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yachida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Manako Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Suda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishiguro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Keiichi Homma
- Department of Pathology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, 951-8133, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Gynecology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, 951-8133, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University School of Medicine, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Takei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujiwara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Teiichi Motoyama
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Ituro Inoue
- Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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28
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Jin XY, Chen H, Li DD, Li AL, Wang WY, Gu W. Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of novel quinoline derivatives of ursolic acid with hydrazide, oxadiazole, and thiadiazole moieties as potent MEK inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:955-972. [PMID: 31072147 PMCID: PMC6522941 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1605364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, a series of novel quinoline derivatives of ursolic acid (UA) bearing hydrazide, oxadiazole, or thiadiazole moieties were designed, synthesised, and screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against three cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and SMMC-7721). A number of compounds showed significant activity against at least one cell line. Among them, compound 4d exhibited the most potent activity against three cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 0.12 ± 0.01, 0.08 ± 0.01, and 0.34 ± 0.03 μM, respectively. In particular, compound 4d could induce the apoptosis of HeLa cells, arrest cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, elevate intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and decrease mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, compound 4d could significantly inhibit MEK1 kinase activity and impede Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK transduction pathway. Therefore, compound 4d may be a potential anticancer agent and a promising lead worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - A-Liang Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wen Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
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Holzhauser S, Kostopoulou ON, Ohmayer A, Lange BKA, Ramqvist T, Andonova T, Bersani C, Wickström M, Dalianis T. In vitro antitumor effects of FGFR and PI3K inhibitors on human papillomavirus positive and negative tonsillar and base of tongue cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6249-6260. [PMID: 31788102 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) tonsillar and base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC/BOTSCC) have better outcomes than corresponding HPV- negative (HPV-) cancer cases. Our previous study demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit a (PIK3CA) are often mutated in HPV+ cancer. To investigate whether targeted therapy is an option for TSCC/BOTSCC, two HPV+ and one HPV- TSCC/BOTSCC cell lines were tested for their sensitivity towards FGFR and PI3K inhibitors. The HPV+ cell lines UM-SCC-47 and UPCI-SCC-154, and the HPV- cell line UT-SSC-60A were tested by competitive allele-specific TaqMan-PCR for presence/absence of frequently occurring FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations. All cells were then treated with FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 and PI3K inhibitors BEZ235 and BKM120 alone, or with AZD4547 and BEZ235 in combination. Viability was analyzed using a WST-1 assay, cytotoxicity tested by a CellTox Green cytotoxicity assay, apoptosis analyzed by a Caspase Glo 3/7 assay and proliferation examined with the xCELLigence system. HPV+ UM-SCC-47 and UPCI-SCC-154 cells, and HPV- UT-SSC-60A cells, did not exhibit any common FGFR3 or PIK3CA mutations, but were all sensitive to FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 and PI3K inhibitors BEZ235 and BKM120. Notably, HPV+ UPCI-SCC-154 cells were more sensitive than the other two cell lines. Furthermore, when AZD4547 and BEZ235 treatment was combined in HPV+ UPCI-SCC-154 and HPV- UT-SSC-60A cells, potentiated combination effects were observed. HPV+ UM-SCC-47 and UPCI-SCC-154 cells, and HPV- UT-SSC-60A cells had no common FGFR3 or PIK3CA mutations, but were sensitive to FGFR inhibitor AZD4547, and PI3K inhibitors BEZ235 and BKM120. Furthermore, the latter two cell lines were particularly sensitive to combinations of AZD4547 and BEZ235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Holzhauser
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ourania N Kostopoulou
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Ohmayer
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birthe K A Lange
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Ramqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teodora Andonova
- Department of Children and Women's Health, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cinzia Bersani
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Wickström
- Department of Children and Women's Health, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Bioclinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Kostopoulou ON, Holzhauser S, Lange BKA, Ohmayer A, Andonova T, Bersani C, Wickström M, Dalianis T. Analyses of FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations in neuroblastomas and the effects of the corresponding inhibitors on neuroblastoma cell lines. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1372-1384. [PMID: 31638167 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)3 and phosphatidylinositol‑4,5‑bisphosphate 3‑kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations are found in various types of cancer, such as urinary bladder cancer, human papillomavirus‑positive tonsillar and base of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer and some childhood sarcomas. Several drugs can target these genes, some of which have been used for the treatment of urinary bladder cancer. Much less is known about childhood cancer. For this reason, the present study investigated the presence of such mutations in neuroblastomas (NBs) and tested NB cell lines for sensitivity to FGFR and phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) inhibitors. In total, 29 NBs were examined for the presence of the three most common FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations using a competitive allele‑specific TaqMan PCR (CAST‑PCR). Furthermore, the SK‑N‑AS, SK‑N‑BE(2)‑C, SK‑N‑DZ, SK‑N‑FI and SK‑N‑SH NB cell lines (where SK‑N‑DZ had a deletion of PIK3C2G, none had FGFR mutations according to the Cancer Program's Dependency Map, but some were chemoresistant), were tested for sensitivity to FGFR (AZD4547) and PI3K (BEZ235 and BKM120) inhibitors by viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and proliferation assays. CAST‑PCR detected one FGFR3 mutation in 1/29 NBs. Following treatment with FGFR and PI3K inhibitors, a decrease in viability and proliferation was observed in the majority, but not all, the cell lines. Following combination treatment with both drugs, the sensitivity of all cell lines was increased. On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations are uncommon in patients with NB. However, certain NB cell lines are rather sensitive to both FGFR and PI3K inhibitors alone, and even more so when the different drugs are used in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Holzhauser
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birthe K A Lange
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Ohmayer
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teodora Andonova
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cinzia Bersani
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Wickström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology‑Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 74 Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Lin J, Dong K, Bai Y, Zhao S, Dong Y, Shi J, Shi W, Long J, Yang X, Wang D, Yang X, Zhao L, Hu K, Pan J, Sang X, Wang K, Zhao H. Precision oncology for gallbladder cancer: insights from genetic alterations and clinical practice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:467. [PMID: 31700903 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon but highly fatal malignancy, with limited adjuvant therapy. The present study aims to explore the actionable alterations and precision oncology for GBC patients. Methods Patients with pathologically confirmed GBC who progressed after first-line systemic treatment were enrolled. Genomic alterations were captured by ultra-deep targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). The actionabilities of alterations and the therapeutic regimens were evaluated by a multidisciplinary tumor board (MDTB). Results Sixty patients with GBC were enrolled and analyzed. tNGS was successfully achieved in all patients. The median tumor mutation burden for GBC patients was 5.4 (range: 0.8-36.74) mutations/Mb, and the most common mutations were in TP53 (73%), CDKN2A (25%) and PIK3CA (20%). The most frequently copy-number altered genes were CDKN2A deletion (11.7%) and ERBB2 amplification (13.3%). 23% of the patients displayed gene fusion; 17 fusion events were identified, and 14 of the 17 fusion events co-occurred with mutations in driver genes. In total, 46 of the 60 (76%) patients were identified as possessing at least one actionable target to proceed precision oncology. Conclusions The present study revealed the mutational profile for the clinical practice of precision oncology in GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | | | - Yonghong Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 710068, China
| | | | | | - Junyu Long
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 710068, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Center for Radiotherapy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Xinting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kai Wang
- OrigiMed, Shanghai 201114, China.,Zhejiang University International Hospital, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
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Chen W, Chen X, Wang Y, Liu T, Liang Y, Xiao Y, Chen L. Construction and Analysis of lncRNA-Mediated ceRNA Network in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:2609-2622. [PMID: 30965350 PMCID: PMC6474298 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More and more recent studies have clearly shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) should be considered as a fundamental part of the ceRNA network, mainly because lncRNA can act as miRNA sponges to regulate the protein-coding gene expression. Nevertheless, it is still not clear how lncRNA-mediated ceRNAs function in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC). Moreover, information about the ceRNA regulatory mechanism is also remarkably limited; thus, prediction of CESC prognosis using ceRNA-related information remains challenging. Material/Methods We collected 306 RNA (lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA) expression profile datasets obtained from cervical squamous cancer tissues plus 3 more from adjacent cervical tissues via the TCGA database. Subsequently, we constructed a lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs CESC ceRNA network, and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was carried out. Results We identified a total of 30 DElncRNAs, 70 DEmiRNAs, and 1089 DEmRNAs in CESC. Subsequently, to reveal the expression patterns of dysregulated genes, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was carried out, resulting in 3 co-expression modules with significantly related clinical properties. The constructed aberrant lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs CESC ceRNA network was composed of 17 DEmiRNAs, 5 DElncRNAs, and 7 DEmRNAs. Moreover, the survival analysis was performed for DElncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DEmRNAs. Conclusions The present study shows the involvement of the lncRNA-related ceRNA network in the pathogenesis of CESC. We believe the newly generated ceRNA network will provide more insights into the lncRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xudong Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yurong Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Tianhao Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yudan Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland).,Jiangmen Wuyi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Ya Xiao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Liguo Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Shi X, Wang J, Lei Y, Cong C, Tan D, Zhou X. Research progress on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in gynecological cancer (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4529-4535. [PMID: 30942405 PMCID: PMC6522820 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of multiple cellular physiological processes by activating downstream corresponding effector molecules, which serve an important role in the cell cycle, growth and proliferation. This is a common phenomenon; overactivation of the pathway is present in human malignancies and has been implicated in cancer progression, hence one of the important approaches to the treatment of tumors is rational drug design using molecular targets in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In brief, the present review analyzed the effects of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway on certain gynecological cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shi
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Caofan Cong
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Dailin Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
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34
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Tamura R, Nakaoka H, Yoshihara K, Mori Y, Yachida N, Nishikawa N, Motoyama T, Okuda S, Inoue I, Enomoto T. Novel MXD4-NUTM1 fusion transcript identified in primary ovarian undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2018; 57:557-563. [PMID: 30338611 PMCID: PMC6221051 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ovarian sarcomas are extremely rare tumors, and their genomic and transcriptomic alterations remain to be elucidated. We performed whole exome sequencing of primary tumor and matched normal blood samples derived from one patient with ovarian undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma. We identified 8 nonsynonymous somatic mutations, and all mutations were missense or nonsense changes. Next, we performed RNA sequencing of the tumor sample and identified two in-frame fusion transcripts: MXD4-NUTM1 and ARL6-POT1. Most NUTM1 exons were retained in the MXD4-NUTM1 fusion transcript, and we confirmed an increase in NUTM1 mRNA and protein expression in tumor tissue. Further genomic and transcriptomic analyses might lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies based on the molecular characteristics of ovarian undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Hirofumi Nakaoka
- Division of Human GeneticsNational Institute of GeneticsMishimaJapan
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Yutaro Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Nozomi Yachida
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Nobumichi Nishikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Teiichi Motoyama
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic PathologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Department of BioinformaticsNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
| | - Ituro Inoue
- Division of Human GeneticsNational Institute of GeneticsMishimaJapan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigataJapan
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35
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Zhu B, Liu Q, Han Q, Zeng B, Chen J, Xiao Q. Downregulation of Krüppel‑like factor 1 inhibits the metastasis and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3932-3940. [PMID: 30132534 PMCID: PMC6131627 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies that seriously threatens women's health. Krüppel‑like factors (KLFs) have been reported to be associated with the progression of cervical cancer. The role of KLF1 in cervical cancer, which still remains unclear, was investigated in the present study. The expression of KLF1 was detected in different cervical cell lines by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting. Cell proliferation, metastasis and invasion were respectively detected by Cell Counting Kit‑8, wound healing and transwell assays. Associated factor expression was also detected by RT‑qPCR and western blotting. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) were determined by western blot analysis. The results revealed that KLF1 expression was promoted in SiHa, Caski and C4‑1 cervical cancer cells. However, KLF1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, metastasis and invasion in SiHa cervical cancer cells. KLF1 knockdown also inhibited the expressions of Ki67, metastasis‑associated antigen 1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2. KLF1 knockdown promoted the expressions of nonmetastatic clone 23 type 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‑2, and the expression of MMP‑9 was promoted slightly as well. In addition, KLF1 knockdown inhibited the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Hence, it was concluded that KLF1 promoted metastasis and invasion via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisheng Zhu
- Oncology Department, Xingning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000, P.R. China
| | - Qisheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xingning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Han
- Oncology Department, Xingning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000, P.R. China
| | - Bohang Zeng
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Jingqi Chen
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Qiuju Xiao
- Oncology Department, Xingning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000, P.R. China
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Nelson KN, Meyer AN, Wang CG, Donoghue DJ. Oncogenic driver FGFR3-TACC3 is dependent on membrane trafficking and ERK signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34306-34319. [PMID: 30344944 PMCID: PMC6188140 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusion proteins resulting from chromosomal translocations have been identified as oncogenic drivers in many cancers, allowing them to serve as potential drug targets in clinical practice. The genes encoding FGFRs, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors, are commonly involved in such translocations, with the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion protein frequently identified in many cancers, including glioblastoma, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma among others. FGFR3-TACC3 retains the entire extracellular domain and most of the kinase domain of FGFR3, with its C-terminal domain fused to TACC3. We examine here the effects of targeting FGFR3-TACC3 to different subcellular localizations by appending either a nuclear localization signal (NLS) or a myristylation signal, or by deletion of the normal signal sequence. We demonstrate that the oncogenic effects of FGFR3-TACC3 require either entrance to the secretory pathway or plasma membrane localization, leading to overactivation of canonical MAPK/ERK pathways. We also examined the effects of different translocation breakpoints in FGFR3-TACC3, comparing fusion at TACC3 exon 11 with fusion at exon 8. Transformation resulting from FGFR3-TACC3 was not affected by association with the canonical TACC3-interacting proteins Aurora-A, clathrin, and ch-TOG. We have shown that kinase inhibitors for MEK (Trametinib) and FGFR (BGJ398) are effective in blocking cell transformation and MAPK pathway upregulation. The development of personalized medicines will be essential in treating patients who harbor oncogenic drivers such as FGFR3-TACC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn N Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - April N Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Clark G Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel J Donoghue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,UCSD Moores Cancer Center and University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Emodin, Physcion, and Crude Extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens Induce Mixed Cell Death, Increase in Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Inhibition of AKT in Cervical and Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2390234. [PMID: 30057674 PMCID: PMC6051077 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2390234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There have been few studies on the pharmacological properties of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens, a native Brazilian species popularly known as “fruto-de-pombo.” The aim of this study was to investigate the scavenging capacity of emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic crude extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as their role and plausible mechanisms in prompting cell death and changes in AKT phosphorylation after cervical (SiHa and C33A) and oral (HSC-3) squamous cell carcinoma treatments. Emodin was shown to be the best scavenger of NO• and O2•−, while all samples were equally effective in HOCl/OCl− capture. Emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic extract all exhibited cytotoxic effects on SiHa, C33A, HSC-3, and HaCaT (immortalized human keratinocytes, nontumorigenic cell line), involving mixed cell death (apoptosis and necrosis) independent of the caspase activation pathway. Emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic extract increased intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage. Emodin decreased the activation of AKT in all tumor cells, physcion in HSC-3 and HaCaT cells, and the ethanolic extract in C33A and HaCaT cells, respectively. The induction of cancer cell death by emodin, physcion, and the ethanolic crude extract of Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens was related to an increase in intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage and a decrease in AKT activation. These molecules are therefore emerging as interesting candidates for further study as novel options to treat cervical and oral carcinomas.
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Ngan HL, Wang L, Lo KW, Lui VWY. Genomic Landscapes of EBV-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma vs. HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E210. [PMID: 29933636 PMCID: PMC6070978 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10070210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
: Epstein-Barr virus-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (EBV(+) NPC), and human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV(+) HNSCC) are two distinct types of aggressive head and neck cancers with early age onsets. Their recently identified genomic landscapes by whole-exome sequencing (WES) clearly reveal critical roles of: (1) inflammation via NF-kB activation, (2) survival via PI3K aberrations, and perhaps (3) immune evasion via MHC loss in these cancers as summarized in this review. Immediate outcomes of these WES studies include the identification of potential prognostic biomarkers, and druggable events for these cancers. The impact of these genomic findings on the development of precision medicine and immunotherapies will be discussed. For both of these cancers, the main lethality comes from metastases and disease recurrences which may represent therapy resistance. Thus, potential curing of these cancers still relies on future identification of key genomic drivers and likely druggable events in recurrent and metastatic forms of these intrinsically aggressive cancers of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Lam Ngan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Kwok-Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Vivian Wai Yan Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Campo L, Breuer EK. Inhibition of TACC3 by a small molecule inhibitor in breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:1085-1092. [PMID: 29555478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that transforming acidic coiled-coil protein 3 (TACC3), a key component of centrosome-microtubule dynamic networks, is significantly associated with various types of human cancer. We have recently reported that high levels of TACC3 are found in breast cancer, lead to the accumulation of spontaneous DNA damage due to defective DNA damage response signaling, and confer cellular sensitivity to radiation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Although our study suggests a potential role of TACC3 as a biomarker in breast cancer detection and prediction of therapy outcome, its role as a therapeutic target in breast cancer is not well studied. In this study, we show that a small molecule TACC3 inhibitor, KHS101, suppresses cell growth, motility, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and breast cancer cell stemness while it induces apoptotic cell death. Quantitative multiplexed proteomic analysis using tandem mass tags (TMTs) revealed that KHS101 alters multiple biological processes and signaling pathways, and significantly reduces the expression of mitotic kinases Aurora A and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), which are closely associated with TACC3. Our findings therefore provide a new insight into the potential mechanisms of the action of KHS101 and suggest its possible use as a dual or multi-targeting mitotic inhibitor in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Campo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Eun-Kyoung Breuer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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