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Li A, Koch Z, Ideker T. Epigenetic aging: Biological age prediction and informing a mechanistic theory of aging. J Intern Med 2022; 292:733-744. [PMID: 35726002 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that epigenetic age-an individual's degree of aging based on patterns of DNA methylation-can be computed and is associated with an array of factors including diet, lifestyle, genetics, and disease. One can expect that still further associations will emerge with additional aging research, but to what end? Prediction of age was an important first step, but-in our view-the focus must shift from chasing increasingly accurate age computations to understanding the links between the epigenome and the mechanisms and physiological changes of aging. Here, we outline emerging areas of epigenetic aging research that prioritize biological understanding and clinical application. First, we survey recent progress in epigenetic clocks, which are beginning to predict not only chronological age but aging outcomes such as all-cause mortality and onset of disease, or which integrate aging signals across multiple biological processes. Second, we discuss research that exemplifies how investigation of the epigenome is building a mechanistic theory of aging and informing clinical practice. Such examples include identifying methylation sites and the genes most strongly predictive of aging-a subset of which have shown strong potential as biomarkers of neurodegenerative disease and cancer; relating epigenetic clock predictions to hallmarks of aging; and using longitudinal studies of DNA methylation to characterize human disease, resulting in the discovery of epigenetic indications of type 1 diabetes and the propensity for psychotic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Li
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zane Koch
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Trey Ideker
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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2
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Dall' Aglio L, Rijlaarsdam J, Mulder RH, Neumann A, Felix JF, Kok R, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH, Tiemeier H, Cecil CAM. Epigenome-wide associations between observed maternal sensitivity and offspring DNA methylation: a population-based prospective study in children. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2481-2491. [PMID: 33267929 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720004353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental work in animals has shown that DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression, is influenced by typical variation in maternal care. While emerging research in humans supports a similar association, studies to date have been limited to candidate gene and cross-sectional approaches, with a focus on extreme deviations in the caregiving environment. METHODS Here, we explored the prospective association between typical variation in maternal sensitivity and offspring epigenome-wide DNAm, in a population-based cohort of children (N = 235). Maternal sensitivity was observed when children were 3- and 4-years-old. DNAm, quantified with the Infinium 450 K array, was extracted at age 6 (whole blood). The influence of methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs), DNAm at birth (cord blood), and confounders (socioeconomic status, maternal psychopathology) was considered in follow-up analyses. RESULTS Genome-wide significant associations between maternal sensitivity and offspring DNAm were observed at 13 regions (p < 1.06 × 10-07), but not at single sites. Follow-up analyses indicated that associations at these regions were in part related to genetic factors, confounders, and baseline DNAm levels at birth, as evidenced by the presence of mQTLs at five regions and estimate attenuations. Robust associations with maternal sensitivity were found at four regions, annotated to ZBTB22, TAPBP, ZBTB12, and DOCK4. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide novel leads into the relationship between typical variation in maternal caregiving and offspring DNAm in humans, highlighting robust regions of associations, previously implicated in psychological and developmental problems, immune functioning, and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Dall' Aglio
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Rijlaarsdam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa H Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Kok
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marinus H van Ijzendoorn
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Primary Care Unit School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Charlotte A M Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Sensation-seeking-related DNA methylation and the development of delinquency: A longitudinal epigenome-wide study. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 35:791-799. [PMID: 35734807 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Heightened sensation-seeking is related to the development of delinquency. Moreover, sensation-seeking, or biological correlates of sensation-seeking, are suggested as factors linking victimization to delinquency. Here, we focused on epigenetic correlates of sensation-seeking. First, we identified DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns related to sensation-seeking. Second, we investigated the association between sensation-seeking related DNAm and the development of delinquency. Third, we examined whether victimization was related to sensation-seeking related DNAm and the development of delinquency. Participants (N = 905; 49% boys) came from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. DNAm was assessed at birth, age 7 and age 15-17. Sensation-seeking (self-reports) was assessed at age 11 and 14. Delinquency (self-reports) was assessed at age 17-19. Sensation-seeking epigenome-wide association study revealed that no probes reached the critical significance level. However, 20 differential methylated probes reached marginal significance. With these 20 suggestive sites, a sensation-seeking cumulative DNAm risk score was created. Results showed that this DNAm risk score at age 15-17 was related to delinquency at age 17-19. Moreover, an indirect effect of victimization to delinquency via DNAm was found. Sensation-seeking related DNAm is a potential biological correlate that can help to understand the development of delinquency, including how victimization might be associated with adolescent delinquency.
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Wang KZ, Chaudhary Z, Qian J, Adanty C, Graff-Guerrero A, Gerretsen P, Zai CC, De Luca V. Differential Methylation Analysis of Suicidal Ideation Severity in Schizophrenia with the Illumina MethylationEPIC Array. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:809. [PMID: 35627945 PMCID: PMC9141768 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a multitude of factors that makes difficult to identify those at risk for suicide, especially among schizophrenia patients. Suicide cannot be explained by genetics alone, therefore epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation are thought to play a role. DNA methylation could be a valuable tool in helping predict those at-risk individuals. This cross-sectional study comprised 112 subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and were grouped according to the current suicidal ideation severity. DNA methylation across the genome was measured with the Infinium® MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We utilized the dmpFinder and bumphunter functions within the Bioconductor minfi package to identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs), respectively. Following quality control, we removed one sample from the analysis and reported the most significant DMPs and DMRs associated with suicidal ideation severity. All positions and regions identified in this analysis were only found to have suggestive levels of significance at the genome-wide level. The present study was one of the first to investigate genome-wide methylation and suicidal ideation severity. While there were many strengths of our study, including investigating both differentially methylated positions and regions, further larger-scale studies are necessary to replicate, support, and validate our findings presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vincenzo De Luca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada; (K.Z.W.); (Z.C.); (J.Q.); (C.A.); (A.G.-G.); (P.G.); (C.C.Z.)
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5
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Westhoff MLS, Ladwig J, Heck J, Schülke R, Groh A, Deest M, Bleich S, Frieling H, Jahn K. Early Detection and Prevention of Schizophrenic Psychosis-A Review. Brain Sci 2021; 12:11. [PMID: 35053755 PMCID: PMC8774083 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic disorders often run a chronic course and are associated with a considerable emotional and social impact for patients and their relatives. Therefore, early recognition, combined with the possibility of preventive intervention, is urgently warranted since the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) significantly determines the further course of the disease. In addition to established diagnostic tools, neurobiological factors in the development of schizophrenic psychoses are increasingly being investigated. It is shown that numerous molecular alterations already exist before the clinical onset of the disease. As schizophrenic psychoses are not elicited by a single mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence, epigenetics likely constitute the missing link between environmental influences and disease development and could potentially serve as a biomarker. The results from transcriptomic and proteomic studies point to a dysregulated immune system, likely evoked by epigenetic alterations. Despite the increasing knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms involved in the development of psychotic disorders, further research efforts with large population-based study designs are needed to identify suitable biomarkers. In conclusion, a combination of blood examinations, functional imaging techniques, electroencephalography (EEG) investigations and polygenic risk scores should be considered as the basis for predicting how subjects will transition into manifest psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lennart Schulze Westhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Johannes Ladwig
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Johannes Heck
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Rasmus Schülke
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Adrian Groh
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Maximilian Deest
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Stefan Bleich
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Helge Frieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
| | - Kirsten Jahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; (J.L.); (R.S.); (A.G.); (M.D.); (S.B.); (H.F.); (K.J.)
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Methylome-wide change associated with response to electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:347. [PMID: 34091594 PMCID: PMC8179923 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a quick-acting and powerful antidepressant treatment considered to be effective in treating severe and pharmacotherapy-resistant forms of depression. Recent studies have suggested that epigenetic mechanisms can mediate treatment response and investigations about the relationship between the effects of ECT and DNA methylation have so far largely taken candidate approaches. In the present study, we examined the effects of ECT on the methylome associated with response in depressed patients (n = 34), testing for differentially methylated CpG sites before the first and after the last ECT treatment. We identified one differentially methylated CpG site associated with the effect of ECT response (defined as >50% decrease in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, HDRS), TNKS (q < 0.05; p = 7.15 × 10-8). When defining response continuously (ΔHDRS), the top suggestive differentially methylated CpG site was in FKBP5 (p = 3.94 × 10-7). Regional analyses identified two differentially methylated regions on chromosomes 8 (Šídák's p = 0.0031) and 20 (Šídák's p = 4.2 × 10-5) associated with ΔHDRS. Functional pathway analysis did not identify any significant pathways. A confirmatory look at candidates previously proposed to be involved in ECT mechanisms found CpG sites associated with response only at the nominally significant level (p < 0.05). Despite the limited sample size, the present study was able to identify epigenetic change associated with ECT response suggesting that this approach, especially when involving larger samples, has the potential to inform the study of mechanisms involved in ECT and severe and treatment-resistant depression.
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Richetto J, Meyer U. Epigenetic Modifications in Schizophrenia and Related Disorders: Molecular Scars of Environmental Exposures and Source of Phenotypic Variability. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:215-226. [PMID: 32381277 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are increasingly recognized to play a role in the etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders with developmental origins. Here, we summarize clinical and preclinical findings of epigenetic alterations in schizophrenia and relevant disease models and discuss their putative origin. Recent findings suggest that certain schizophrenia risk loci can influence stochastic variation in gene expression through epigenetic processes, highlighting the intricate interaction between genetic and epigenetic control of neurodevelopmental trajectories. In addition, a substantial portion of epigenetic alterations in schizophrenia and related disorders may be acquired through environmental factors and may be manifested as molecular "scars." Some of these scars can influence brain functions throughout the entire lifespan and may even be transmitted across generations via epigenetic germline inheritance. Epigenetic modifications, whether caused by genetic or environmental factors, are plausible molecular sources of phenotypic heterogeneity and offer a target for therapeutic interventions. The further elucidation of epigenetic modifications thus may increase our knowledge regarding schizophrenia's heterogeneous etiology and pathophysiology and, in the long term, may advance personalized treatments through the use of biomarker-guided epigenetic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Richetto
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Legrand A, Iftimovici A, Khayachi A, Chaumette B. Epigenetics in bipolar disorder: a critical review of the literature. Psychiatr Genet 2021; 31:1-12. [PMID: 33290382 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, disabling disease characterised by alternate mood episodes, switching through depressive and manic/hypomanic phases. Mood stabilizers, in particular lithium salts, constitute the cornerstone of the treatment in the acute phase as well as for the prevention of recurrences. The pathophysiology of BD and the mechanisms of action of mood stabilizers remain largely unknown but several pieces of evidence point to gene x environment interactions. Epigenetics, defined as the regulation of gene expression without genetic changes, could be the molecular substrate of these interactions. In this literature review, we summarize the main epigenetic findings associated with BD and response to mood stabilizers. METHODS We searched PubMed, and Embase databases and classified the articles depending on the epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs). RESULTS We present the different epigenetic modifications associated with BD or with mood-stabilizers. The major reported mechanisms were DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and non-coding RNAs. Overall, the assessments are poorly harmonized and the results are more limited than in other psychiatric disorders (e.g. schizophrenia). However, the nature of BD and its treatment offer excellent opportunities for epigenetic research: clear impact of environmental factors, clinical variation between manic or depressive episodes resulting in possible identification of state and traits biomarkers, documented impact of mood-stabilizers on the epigenome. CONCLUSION Epigenetic is a growing and promising field in BD that may shed light on its pathophysiology or be useful as biomarkers of response to mood-stabilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Legrand
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris
| | - Anton Iftimovici
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris
- Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anouar Khayachi
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Boris Chaumette
- Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris
- GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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9
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Carmel M, Michaelovsky E, Weinberger R, Frisch A, Mekori-Domachevsky E, Gothelf D, Weizman A. Differential methylation of imprinting genes and MHC locus in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome-related schizophrenia spectrum disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:46-57. [PMID: 32212948 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1747113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) is the strongest known genetic risk for schizophrenia. Methylome screening was conducted to elucidate possible involvement of epigenetic alterations in the emergence of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SZ-SD) in 22q11.2DS. METHODS Sixteen adult men with/without SZ-SD were recruited from a 22q11.2DS cohort and underwent genome-wide DNA methylation profile analysis. Differentially methylated probes (DMPs) and regions (DMRs) were analysed using the ChAMP software. RESULTS The DMPs (p-value <10-6) and DMRs (p-valueArea <0.01) were enriched in two gene sets, 'imprinting genes' and 'chr6p21', a region overlapping the MHC locus. Most of the identified imprinting genes are involved in neurodevelopment and located in clusters under imprinting control region (ICR) regulation, including PEG10, SGCE (7q21.3), GNAS, GNAS-AS1 (20q13.32) and SNHG14, SNURF-SNRPN, SNORD115 (15q11.2). The differentially methylated genes from the MHC locus included immune HLA-genes and non-immune genes, RNF39, PPP1R18 and NOTCH4, implicated in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity. The most significant DMR is located in MHC locus and covered the transcription regulator ZFP57 that is required for control and maintenance of gene imprinting at multiple ICRs. CONCLUSIONS The differential methylation in imprinting genes and in chr6p21-22 indicate the neurodevelopmental nature of 22q11.2DS-related SZ and the major role of MHC locus in the risk to develop SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Carmel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Elena Michaelovsky
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ronnie Weinberger
- The Behavioral Neurogenetics Center and Child Psychiatry Division, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amos Frisch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ehud Mekori-Domachevsky
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Behavioral Neurogenetics Center and Child Psychiatry Division, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Behavioral Neurogenetics Center and Child Psychiatry Division, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Geha Mental Health Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
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10
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Comes AL, Czamara D, Adorjan K, Anderson-Schmidt H, Andlauer TFM, Budde M, Gade K, Hake M, Kalman JL, Papiol S, Reich-Erkelenz D, Klöhn-Saghatolislam F, Schaupp SK, Schulte EC, Senner F, Juckel G, Schmauß M, Zimmermann J, Reimer J, Reininghaus E, Anghelescu IG, Konrad C, Thiel A, Figge C, von Hagen M, Koller M, Dietrich DE, Stierl S, Scherk H, Witt SH, Sivalingam S, Degenhardt F, Forstner AJ, Rietschel M, Nöthen MM, Wiltfang J, Falkai P, Schulze TG, Heilbronner U. The role of environmental stress and DNA methylation in the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2020; 8:9. [PMID: 32048126 PMCID: PMC7013010 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-019-0176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stressful life events influence the course of affective disorders, however, the mechanisms by which they bring about phenotypic change are not entirely known. METHODS We explored the role of DNA methylation in response to recent stressful life events in a cohort of bipolar patients from the longitudinal PsyCourse study (n = 96). Peripheral blood DNA methylomes were profiled at two time points for over 850,000 methylation sites. The association between impact ratings of stressful life events and DNA methylation was assessed, first by interrogating methylation sites in the vicinity of candidate genes previously implicated in the stress response and, second, by conducting an exploratory epigenome-wide association analysis. Third, the association between epigenetic aging and change in stress and symptom measures over time was investigated. RESULTS Investigation of methylation signatures over time revealed just over half of the CpG sites tested had an absolute difference in methylation of at least 1% over a 1-year period. Although not a single CpG site withstood correction for multiple testing, methylation at one site (cg15212455) was suggestively associated with stressful life events (p < 1.0 × 10-5). Epigenetic aging over a 1-year period was not associated with changes in stress or symptom measures. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate epigenome-wide methylation across time in bipolar patients and in relation to recent, non-traumatic stressful life events. Limited and inconclusive evidence warrants future longitudinal investigations in larger samples of well-characterized bipolar patients to give a complete picture regarding the role of DNA methylation in the course of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Comes
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany. .,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804, Munich, Germany.
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Anderson-Schmidt
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Budde
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Gade
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria Hake
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Janos L Kalman
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Reich-Erkelenz
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Farah Klöhn-Saghatolislam
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina K Schaupp
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva C Schulte
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Fanny Senner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL University Hospital, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Max Schmauß
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bezirkskrankenhaus Augsburg, University of Augsburg, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Zimmermann
- Psychiatrieverbund Oldenburger Land gGmbH, Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, 26160, Bad Zwischenahn, Germany
| | - Jens Reimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Research Unit for Bipolar Affective Disorder, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Carsten Konrad
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, 27356, Rotenburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Thiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum, 27356, Rotenburg, Germany
| | - Christian Figge
- Karl-Jaspers Clinic, European Medical School Oldenburg-Groningen, 26160, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Martin von Hagen
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center Werra-Meißner, 37269, Eschwege, Germany
| | - Manfred Koller
- Asklepios Specialized Hospital, 37081, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Detlef E Dietrich
- AMEOS Clinical Center Hildesheim, 31135, Hildesheim, Germany.,Center für Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical School of Hannover, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Harald Scherk
- AMEOS Clinical Center Osnabrück, 49088, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sugirthan Sivalingam
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, 35033, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,iBiMED, Medical Sciences Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Urs Heilbronner
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
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11
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Mooney MA, Ryabinin P, Wilmot B, Bhatt P, Mill J, Nigg JT. Large epigenome-wide association study of childhood ADHD identifies peripheral DNA methylation associated with disease and polygenic risk burden. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:8. [PMID: 32066674 PMCID: PMC7026179 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic variation in peripheral tissues is being widely studied as a molecular biomarker of complex disease and disease-related exposures. To date, few studies have examined differences in DNA methylation associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we profiled genetic and methylomic variation across the genome in saliva samples from children (age 7-12 years) with clinically established ADHD (N = 391) and nonpsychiatric controls (N = 213). We tested for differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with both ADHD diagnosis and ADHD polygenic risk score, by using linear regression models including smoking, medication effects, and other potential confounders in our statistical models. Our results support previously reported associations between ADHD and DNA methylation levels at sites annotated to VIPR2, and identify several novel disease-associated DMPs (p < 1e-5), although none of them were genome-wide significant. The two top-ranked, ADHD-associated DMPs (cg17478313 annotated to SLC7A8 and cg21609804 annotated to MARK2) are also significantly associated with nearby SNPs (p = 1.2e-46 and p = 2.07e-59), providing evidence that disease-associated DMPs are under genetic control. We also report a genome-wide significant association between ADHD polygenic risk and variable DNA methylation at a site annotated to the promoter of GART and SON (p = 6.71E-8). Finally, we show that ADHD-associated SNPs colocalize with SNPs associated with methylation levels in saliva. This is the first large-scale study of DNA methylation in children with ADHD. Our results represent novel epigenetic biomarkers for ADHD that may be useful for patient stratification, reinforce the importance of genetic effects on DNA methylation, and provide plausible molecular mechanisms for ADHD risk variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Mooney
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR USA
| | - Peter Ryabinin
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Portland, OR USA
| | - Beth Wilmot
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology, Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Portland, OR USA
| | - Priya Bhatt
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Jonathan Mill
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter University, Exeter, UK
| | - Joel T. Nigg
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
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