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Colombo F, Calesella F, Bravi B, Fortaner-Uyà L, Monopoli C, Tassi E, Carminati M, Zanardi R, Bollettini I, Poletti S, Lorenzi C, Spadini S, Brambilla P, Serretti A, Maggioni E, Fabbri C, Benedetti F, Vai B. Multimodal brain-derived subtypes of Major depressive disorder differentiate patients for anergic symptoms, immune-inflammatory markers, history of childhood trauma and treatment-resistance. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2024; 85:45-57. [PMID: 38936143 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
An estimated 30 % of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients exhibit resistance to conventional antidepressant treatments. Identifying reliable biomarkers of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a major goal of precision psychiatry, which is hampered by the clinical and biological heterogeneity. To uncover biologically-driven subtypes of MDD, we applied an unsupervised data-driven framework to stratify 102 MDD patients on their neuroimaging signature, including extracted measures of cortical thickness, grey matter volumes, and white matter fractional anisotropy. Our novel analytical pipeline integrated different machine learning algorithms to harmonize data, perform data dimensionality reduction, and provide a stability-based relative clustering validation. The obtained clusters were characterized for immune-inflammatory peripheral biomarkers, TRD, history of childhood trauma and depressive symptoms. Our results indicated two different clusters of patients, differentiable with 67 % of accuracy: one cluster (n = 59) was associated with a higher proportion of TRD, and higher scores of energy-related depressive symptoms, history of childhood abuse and emotional neglect; this cluster showed a widespread reduction in cortical thickness (d = 0.43-1.80) and volumes (d = 0.45-1.05), along with fractional anisotropy in the fronto-occipital fasciculus, stria terminalis, and corpus callosum (d = 0.46-0.52); the second cluster (n = 43) was associated with cognitive and affective depressive symptoms, thicker cortices and wider volumes. Multivariate analyses revealed distinct brain-inflammation relationships between the two clusters, with increase in pro-inflammatory markers being associated with decreased cortical thickness and volumes. Our stratification of MDD patients based on structural neuroimaging identified clinically-relevant subgroups of MDD with specific symptomatic and immune-inflammatory profiles, which can contribute to the development of tailored personalized interventions for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Colombo
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy.
| | - Federico Calesella
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bravi
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Lidia Fortaner-Uyà
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Camilla Monopoli
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Emma Tassi
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Politecnico di Milano, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Zanardi
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Mood Disorders Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Bollettini
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Lorenzi
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Spadini
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Vai
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
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2
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Bergstedt J, Pasman JA, Ma Z, Harder A, Yao S, Parker N, Treur JL, Smit DJA, Frei O, Shadrin AA, Meijsen JJ, Shen Q, Hägg S, Tornvall P, Buil A, Werge T, Hjerling-Leffler J, Als TD, Børglum AD, Lewis CM, McIntosh AM, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Andreassen OA, Sullivan PF, Lu Y, Fang F. Distinct biological signature and modifiable risk factors underlie the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:754-769. [PMID: 38898929 PMCID: PMC11182748 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. Here we show that CVDs share most of their genetic risk factors with MDD. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD revealed seven loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments, suggesting the involvement of the thalamus. Part of the genetic overlap was explained by shared inflammatory, metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle risk factors. Our data indicated causal effects of genetic liability to MDD on CVD risk, but not from most CVDs to MDD, and showed that the causal effects were partly explained by metabolic and psychosocial or lifestyle factors. The distinct signature of MDD-atherosclerotic CVD comorbidity suggests an immunometabolic subtype of MDD that is more strongly associated with CVD than overall MDD. In summary, we identified biological mechanisms underlying MDD-CVD comorbidity and modifiable risk factors for prevention of CVD in individuals with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bergstedt
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joëlle A. Pasman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ziyan Ma
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Harder
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuyang Yao
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadine Parker
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorien L. Treur
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. A. Smit
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey A. Shadrin
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joeri J. Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Qing Shen
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tornvall
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas D. Als
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cathryn M. Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Unnur A. Valdimarsdóttir
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick F. Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Shao Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Li C, Sun H, Sun X. Suspected duloxetine-induced restless legs syndrome phenotypic variant: a case report. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:349. [PMID: 38730422 PMCID: PMC11088019 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restless arms syndrome (RAS) is the most common variant of restless legs syndrome (RLS), which is easy to be ignored in clinical practice due to the lack of specific diagnostic criteria. When effective therapeutic agents induced RAS and symptoms persisted after briefly observation, clinicians will face the challenge of weighing efficacy against side effects. CASE PRESENTATION A 67-year-old woman was admitted to a geriatric psychiatric ward with depression. Upon admission, the escitalopram dose was reduced from 15 mg to 10 mg per day, and the duloxetine dose was increased from 60 mg to 80 mg per day. The next night before bedtime, she developed itching and creeping sensations deep inside bilateral shoulders and arms, with the urge to move, worsening at rest, and alleviation after hammering. The symptoms persisted when escitalopram was discontinued. A history of RLS was confirmed. Treatment with 40 mg of duloxetine and 0.125 mg of pramipexole significantly improved depression, and the paresthesia disappeared, with no recurrence occurring 6 months after discharge. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This case suggests that psychiatrists should pay attention to RLS variants when increasing doses of duloxetine. Long-term improvement can be achieved through dosage reduction combined with dopaminergic drugs instead of immediate discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Ordos Fourth People's Hospital, Ordos, China
| | - Shichang Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Chaowei Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiang Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, 51 Huayuan Bei Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
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4
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Bergstedt J, Pasman JA, Ma Z, Harder A, Yao S, Parker N, Treur JL, Smit DJA, Frei O, Shadrin A, Meijsen JJ, Shen Q, Hägg S, Tornvall P, Buil A, Werge T, Hjerling-Leffler J, Als TD, Børglum AD, Lewis CM, McIntosh AM, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Andreassen OA, Sullivan PF, Lu Y, Fang F. Distinct genomic signatures and modifiable risk factors underly the comorbidity between major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.09.01.23294931. [PMID: 37693619 PMCID: PMC10491387 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.23294931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are often comorbid, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. Using genomic data, this study elucidates biological mechanisms, key risk factors, and causal pathways underlying their comorbidity. We show that CVDs share a large proportion of their genetic risk factors with MDD. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of the shared genetic liability between MDD and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) revealed seven novel loci and distinct patterns of tissue and brain cell-type enrichments, suggesting a role for the thalamus. Part of the genetic overlap was explained by shared inflammatory, metabolic, and psychosocial/lifestyle risk factors. Finally, we found support for causal effects of genetic liability to MDD on CVD risk, but not from most CVDs to MDD, and demonstrated that the causal effects were partly explained by metabolic and psychosocial/lifestyle factors. The distinct signature of MDD-ASCVD comorbidity aligns with the idea of an immunometabolic sub-type of MDD more strongly associated with CVD than overall MDD. In summary, we identify plausible biological mechanisms underlying MDD-CVD comorbidity, as well as key modifiable risk factors for prevention of CVD in individuals with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Bergstedt
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joëlle A Pasman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ziyan Ma
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arvid Harder
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuyang Yao
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadine Parker
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J A Smit
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joeri J Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Qing Shen
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Tornvall
- Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Hjerling-Leffler
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas D Als
- Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cathryn M Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Unnur A Valdimarsdóttir
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Strekalova T, Svirin E, Gorlova A, Sheveleva E, Burova A, Khairetdinova A, Sitdikova K, Zakharova E, Dudchenko AM, Lyundup A, Morozov S. Resilience and Vulnerability to Stress-Induced Anhedonia: Unveiling Brain Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Dynamics in a Mouse Chronic Stress Depression Model. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1782. [PMID: 38136653 PMCID: PMC10741640 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of altered brain mitochondrial regulation in psychiatric pathologies, including Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), has attracted increasing attention. Aberrant mitochondrial functions were suggested to underlie distinct inter-individual vulnerability to stress-related MDD syndrome. In this context, insulin receptor sensitizers (IRSs) that regulate brain metabolism have become a focus of recent research, as their use in pre-clinical studies can help to elucidate the role of mitochondrial dynamics in this disorder and contribute to the development of new antidepressant treatment. Here, following 2-week chronic mild stress (CMS) using predation, social defeat, and restraint, MDD-related behaviour and brain molecular markers have been investigated along with the hippocampus-dependent performance and emotionality in mice that received the IRS dicholine succinate (DS). In a sucrose test, mice were studied for the key feature of MDD, a decreased sensitivity to reward, called anhedonia. Based on this test, animals were assigned to anhedonic and resilient-to-stress-induced-anhedonia groups, using a previously established criterion of a decrease in sucrose preference below 65%. Such assignment was based on the fact that none of control, non-stressed animals displayed sucrose preference that would be smaller than this value. DS-treated stressed mice displayed ameliorated behaviours in a battery of assays: sucrose preference, coat state, the Y-maze, the marble test, tail suspension, and nest building. CMS-vulnerable mice exhibited overexpression of the inflammatory markers Il-1β, tnf, and Cox-1, as well as 5-htt and 5-ht2a-R, in various brain regions. The alterations in hippocampal gene expression were the closest to clinical findings and were studied further. DS-treated, stressed mice showed normalised hippocampal expression of the plasticity markers Camk4, Camk2, Pka, Adcy1, Creb-ar, Nmda-2r-ar, and Nmda-2r-s. DS-treated and non-treated stressed mice who were resilient or vulnerable to anhedonia were compared for hippocampal mitochondrial pathway regulation using Illumina profiling. Resilient mice revealed overexpression of the mitochondrial complexes NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome bc1, cytochrome c oxidase, F-type and V-type ATPases, and inorganic pyrophosphatase, which were decreased in anhedonic mice. DS partially normalised the expression of both ATPases. We conclude that hippocampal reduction in ATP synthesis is associated with anhedonia and pro-inflammatory brain changes that are ameliorated by DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Strekalova
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Svirin
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Elizaveta Sheveleva
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Alisa Burova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Adel Khairetdinova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Kseniia Sitdikova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Elena Zakharova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Alexander M. Dudchenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Aleksey Lyundup
- Endocrinology Research Centre, Dmitry Ulyanov St. 19, Moscow 117036, Russia;
- Research and Education Resource Center, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Sergey Morozov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow 125315, Russia (A.G.); (E.S.); (A.B.); (A.K.); (K.S.); (E.Z.); (A.M.D.); (S.M.)
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