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Shen Y, Liao D, Shangguan W, Chen L. Variation and significance of serum microRNA-21 level in pediatric pulmonary artery hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1424679. [PMID: 39309603 PMCID: PMC11413868 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1424679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study strives to the variation and significance of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD)-related pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Methods Children with CHD (n = 179) were selected as subjects, including 101 children without PAH and 78 children with PAH. All children underwent general data collection, laboratory examination, echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. After detection of serum miR-21 expression, the predictive value and the impacts of serum miR-21 for PAH and postoperative critical illness were analyzed. Results Serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and miR-21 were elevated, but ejection fraction (EF) and cardiac index (CI) were decreased in the CHD-PAH group. Serum miR-21 assisted in predicting PAH in CHD children, with the area under curve (AUC) of 0.801 (95% CI of 0.735∼0.857), a cut-off value of 2.56, sensitivity of 73.08, and specificity of 72.28%. Serum miR-21 in children with CHD-PAH was correlated with clinicopathological indicators such as systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, BNP and CI. Serum miR-21 helped predict the development of postoperative critical illness in children with CHD-PAH, with an AUC of 0.859 (95% CI: 0.762-0.927, cut-off value: 4.55, sensitivity: 69.57%, specificity: 92.73%). Increased serum miR-21 was an independent risk factor of postoperative critical illness in children with CHD-PAH. Conclusion Serum miR-21 was upregulated in children with CHD-PAH, which may serve as a predictive biomarker for the onset of PAH and postoperative critical illness in CHD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Shen
- Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dongshan Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenlin Shangguan
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuzhou Changle District People’s Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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2
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Zhang X, Shao S, Song N, Yang B, Liu F, Tong Z, Wang F, Li J. Integrated omics characterization reveals reduced cancer indicators and elevated inflammatory factors after thermal ablation in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Respir Res 2024; 25:309. [PMID: 39143582 PMCID: PMC11325606 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02917-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Aside from causing an immediate direct tumour cell injury, the effects of thermal ablation on the internal microenvironment are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thermal ablation on the plasma internal environment in patients with NSCLC. METHODS 128 plasma samples were collected from 48 NSCLC (pre [LC] and after thermal ablation [LC-T]) patients and 32 healthy controls (HCs). Olink proteomics and metabolomics were utilized to construct an integrated landscape of the cancer-related immune and inflammatory responses after ablation. RESULTS Compared with HCs, LC patients exhibited 58 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 479 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), which might participate in tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, 75 DEPs were identified among the HC, LC, and LC-T groups. Forty-eight highly expressed DEPs (eg, programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-L1]) in the LC group were found to be downregulated after thermal ablation. These DEPs had significant impacts on pathways such as angiogenesis, immune checkpoint blockade, and pro-tumour chemotaxis. Metabolites involved in tumour cell survival were associated with these proteins at the expression and functional levels. In contrast, 19 elevated proteins (eg, interleukin [IL]-6) were identified after thermal ablation. These proteins were mainly associated with inflammatory response pathways (NF-κB signalling and tumour necrosis factor signalling) and immune cell activation. CONCLUSIONS Thermal ablation-induced changes in the host plasma microenvironment contribute to anti-tumour immunity in NSCLC, offering new insights into tumour ablation combined with immunotherapy. Trial registration This study was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.html ). ID: ChiCTR2300076517. Registration Date: 2023-10-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Nan Song
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baolu Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Fengjiao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China.
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongti South Road, Beijing, 100020, Chaoyang District, China.
| | - Jieqiong Li
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Choudhury P, Dasgupta S, Bhattacharyya P, Roychowdhury S, Chaudhury K. Understanding pulmonary hypertension: the need for an integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics approach. Mol Omics 2024; 20:366-389. [PMID: 38853716 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00266g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH), characterised by mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) >20 mm Hg at rest, is a complex pathophysiological disorder associated with multiple clinical conditions. The high prevalence of the disease along with increased mortality and morbidity makes it a global health burden. Despite major advances in understanding the disease pathophysiology, much of the underlying complex molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Lack of a robust diagnostic test and specific therapeutic targets also poses major challenges. This review provides a comprehensive update on the dysregulated pathways and promising candidate markers identified in PH patients using the transcriptomics and metabolomics approach. The review also highlights the need of using an integrative multi-omics approach for obtaining insight into the disease at a molecular level. The integrative multi-omics/pan-omics approach envisaged to help in bridging the gap from genotype to phenotype is outlined. Finally, the challenges commonly encountered while conducting omics-driven studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Choudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sanjukta Dasgupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
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Wang Z, Zhang YX, Shi JZ, Yan Y, Zhao LL, Kou JJ, He YY, Xie XM, Zhang SJ, Pang XB. RNA m6A methylation and regulatory proteins in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:1273-1287. [PMID: 38438725 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
m6A (N6‑methyladenosine) is the most common and abundant apparent modification in mRNA of eukaryotes. The modification of m6A is regulated dynamically and reversibly by methyltransferase (writer), demethylase (eraser), and binding protein (reader). It plays a significant role in various processes of mRNA metabolism, including regulation of transcription, maturation, translation, degradation, and stability. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a malignant cardiopulmonary vascular disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Despite the existence of several effective and targeted therapies, there is currently no cure for PAH and the prognosis remains poor. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of m6A modification in cardiovascular diseases. Investigating the role of RNA m6A methylation in PAH could provide valuable insights for drug development. This review aims to explore the mechanism and function of m6A in the pathogenesis of PAH and discuss the potential targeting of RNA m6A methylation modification as a treatment for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Zhuo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Ling Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Jie-Jian Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Yang-Yang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Mei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Henan, China.
| | - Si-Jin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhao F, Chen Y, Xie Y, Kong S, Song L, Li H, Guo C, Yin Y, Zhang W, Zhu T. Identification of Zip8-correlated hub genes in pulmonary hypertension by informatic analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15939. [PMID: 37663293 PMCID: PMC10470448 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a syndrome characterized by marked remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and increased pulmonary vascular resistance, ultimately leading to right heart failure and even death. The localization of Zrt/Irt-like Protein 8 (ZIP8, a metal ion transporter, encoded by SLC39A8) was abundantly in microvasculature endothelium and its pivotal role in the lung has been demonstrated. However, the role of Zip8 in PH remains unclear. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was employed to identify SLC39A8 expression patterns and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PH patients and normal controls (NC), based on four datasets (GSE24988, GSE113439, GSE117261, and GSE15197) from the Biotechnology Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI GEO) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to analyze signaling pathways enriched for DEGs. Hub genes were identified by cytoHubba analysis in Cytoscape. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to validate SLC39A8 and its correlated metabolic DEGs expression in PH (SU5416/Hypoxia) mice. Results SLC39A8 expression was downregulated in PH patients, and this expression pattern was validated in PH (SU5416/Hypoxia) mouse lung tissue. SLC39A8-correlated genes were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways. Within these SLC39A8-correlated genes, 202 SLC39A8-correlated metabolic genes were screened out, and seven genes were identified as SLC39A8-correlated metabolic hub genes. The expression patterns of hub genes were analyzed between PH patients and controls and further validated in PH mice. Finally, four genes (Fasn, Nsdhl, Acat2, and Acly) were downregulated in PH mice. However, there were no significant differences in the expression of the other three hub genes between PH mice and controls. Of the four genes, Fasn and Acly are key enzymes in fatty acids synthesis, Nsdhl is involved in cholesterol synthesis, and Acat2 is implicated in cholesterol metabolic transformation. Taken together, these results provide novel insight into the role of Zip8 in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- FanRong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuliang Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuang Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - LiaoFan Song
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hanfei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chao Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanyan Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Departments of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiantian Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
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Bassareo PP, D’Alto M. Metabolomics in Pulmonary Hypertension-A Useful Tool to Provide Insights into the Dark Side of a Tricky Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13227. [PMID: 37686034 PMCID: PMC10487467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a multifaceted illness causing clinical manifestations like dyspnea, fatigue, and cyanosis. If left untreated, it often evolves into irreversible pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), leading to death. Metabolomics is a laboratory technique capable of providing insights into the metabolic pathways that are responsible for a number of physiologic or pathologic events through the analysis of a biological fluid (such as blood, urine, and sputum) using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy or mass spectrometry. A systematic review was finalized according to the PRISMA scheme, with the goal of providing an overview of the research papers released up to now on the application of metabolomics to PH/PAH. So, eighty-five papers were identified, of which twenty-four concerning PH, and sixty-one regarding PAH. We found that, from a metabolic standpoint, the hallmarks of the disease onset and progression are an increase in glycolysis and impaired mitochondrial respiration. Oxidation is exacerbated as well. Specific metabolic fingerprints allow the characterization of some of the specific PH and PAH subtypes. Overall, metabolomics provides insights into the biological processes happening in the body of a subject suffering from PH/PAH. The disarranged metabolic pathways underpinning the disease may be the target of new therapeutic agents. Metabolomics will allow investigators to make a step forward towards personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Paolo Bassareo
- Mater Misercordiae University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
- Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin, D12 N512 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michele D’Alto
- Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Dipartimento di Cardiologia, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Ospedale Monaldi, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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Mutithu DW, Kirwan JA, Adeola HA, Aremu OO, Lumngwena EN, Wiesner L, Skatulla S, Naidoo R, Ntusi NAB. High-Throughput Metabolomics Applications in Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Valvular Heart Disease. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:169. [PMID: 39077521 PMCID: PMC11264134 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2406169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
High-throughput metabolomics techniques are a useful tool to understand many disease conditions including cardiovascular disease such as valvular heart disease(s) (VHD). VHD involves damage to heart valves, mostly presenting as stenosis, regurgitation or prolapse and can be classified into degenerative, rheumatic, congenital, or prosthetic valve disease. Gaps remain in our understanding of the pathogenesis of the common VHD. It is now fitting to place into perspective the contribution of metabolomics in the mechanism of development, diagnosis, and prognosis of VHD. A structured search for metabolomics studies centred on human VHD was undertaken. Biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of bicuspid aortic valve disease, mitral valve disease, rheumatic heart disease, and degenerative aortic valve stenosis are reviewed and discussed. In addition, metabolic biomarkers reported to prognosticate patient outcomes of post-valve repair or replacement are highlighted. Finally, we also review the pitfalls and limitations to consider when designing metabolomics studies, especially from a clinician's viewpoint. In the future, reliable and simple metabolic biomarker(s) may supplement the existing diagnostic tools in the early diagnosis of VHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Mutithu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, 7501 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jennifer A. Kirwan
- Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henry A. Adeola
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olukayode O. Aremu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, 7501 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Evelyn N. Lumngwena
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, 7501 Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IIDM), University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lubbe Wiesner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sebastian Skatulla
- Computational Continuum Mechanics Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richard Naidoo
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, and National Health Laboratory Services, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ntobeko A. B. Ntusi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, 7501 Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
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Zhao M, Liu J, Xin M, Yang K, Huang H, Zhang W, Zhang J, He S. Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease: An omics study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1037357. [PMID: 36970344 PMCID: PMC10036813 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1037357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) is a severely progressive condition with uncertain physiological course. Hence, it has become increasingly relevant to clarify the specific mechanisms of molecular modification, which is crucial to identify more treatment strategies. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing, omics technology gives access to massive experimental data and advanced techniques for systems biology, permitting comprehensive assessment of disease occurrence and progression. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of PAH-CHD and omics. To provide a comprehensive description and promote further in-depth investigation of PAH-CHD, this review attempts to summarize the latest developments in genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Xin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyi He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
- Correspondence: Siyi He
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9
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Liem DA, Cadeiras M, Setty SP. Insights and perspectives into clinical biomarker discovery in pediatric heart failure and congenital heart disease-a narrative review. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2023; 13:83-99. [PMID: 36864972 PMCID: PMC9971290 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-22-386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective Heart failure (HF) in the pediatric population is a multi-factorial process with a wide spectrum of etiologies and clinical manifestations, that are distinct from the adult HF population, with congenital heart disease (CHD) as the most common cause. CHD has high morbidity/mortality with nearly 60% developing HF during the first 12 months of life. Hence, early discovery and diagnosis of CHD in neonates is pivotal. Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is an increasingly popular clinical marker in pediatric HF, however, in contrast to adult HF, it is not yet included in pediatric HF guidelines and there is no standardized reference cut-off value. We explore the current trends and prospects of biomarkers in pediatric HF, including CHD that can aid in diagnosis and management. Methods As a narrative review, we will analyze biomarkers with respect to diagnosis and monitoring in specific anatomical types of CHD in the pediatric population considering all English PubMed publications till June 2022. Key Content and Findings We present a concise description of our own experience in applying plasma BNP as a clinical biomarker in pediatric HF and CHD (tetralogy of fallot vs. ventricular septal defect) in the context of surgical correction, as well as untargeted metabolomics analyses. In the current age of Information Technology and large data sets we also explored new biomarker discovery using Text Mining of 33M manuscripts currently on PubMed. Conclusions (Multi) Omics studies from patient samples as well as Data Mining can be considered for the discovery of potential pediatric HF biomarkers useful in clinical care. Future research should focus on validation and defining evidence-based value limits and reference ranges for specific indications using the most up-to-date assays in parallel to commonly used studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Liem
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Martin Cadeiras
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shaun P. Setty
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Miller Children’s and Women’s Hospital and Long Beach Memorial Hospital, Long Beach, CA, USA
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10
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Wang T, Xing Y, Peng B, Yang K, Zhang C, Chen Y, Geng G, Li Q, Fu J, Li M, Luo Z, Fu Z, Wang J. Respiratory Microbiome Profile of Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension Patients Associated With Congenital Heart Disease. Hypertension 2023; 80:214-226. [PMID: 36353996 PMCID: PMC9722361 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of PH in pediatric patients. The airway microbiome profile in CHD-PH patients remains rarely studied. METHODS A total of 158 children were recruited for collection of oropharyngeal swabs to sequence the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) V3-V4 region of respiratory microbiome, to establish a correlation between these bacterial groups and echocardiography indicators in CHD-PH patients. RESULTS Bacterial α- and β-diversity of the airway microbiome indicated a significantly lower richness in the CHD-PH group and compositional differences associated with the specific taxa and their relative abundances in the upper respiratory tract. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the pharynx microbiota composition in the CHD-PH group varied from that in the CHD or control group. The linear discriminant analysis effect size also highlighted an increased presence of Streptococcus and Rothia in pediatric CHD-PH patients. Comparison of microbial composition between pediatric and adult PH patients showed significant differences and separation of microbiota. The correlation between bacterial abundance and transthoracic echocardiography indexes in CHD-associated PH indicated that different groups of microbiomes may be related to different PH grades. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study reported the systematic definition and divergent profile of the upper respiratory tract microbiota in pediatric PH patients, CHD and reference subjects, as well as between pediatric and adult PH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (T.W., B.P., G.G., Q.L., Z.L., Z.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yue Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.X., K.Y., C.Z., Y.C., J.W.)
| | - Bingming Peng
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (T.W., B.P., G.G., Q.L., Z.L., Z.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.X., K.Y., C.Z., Y.C., J.W.)
| | - Chenting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.X., K.Y., C.Z., Y.C., J.W.)
| | - Yuqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.X., K.Y., C.Z., Y.C., J.W.)
| | - Gang Geng
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (T.W., B.P., G.G., Q.L., Z.L., Z.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Qubei Li
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (T.W., B.P., G.G., Q.L., Z.L., Z.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Jian Fu
- Department of thoracic and Cardiac Surgery Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (J.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (M.L.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (T.W., B.P., G.G., Q.L., Z.L., Z.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Zhou Fu
- Department of Respiratory Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (T.W., B.P., G.G., Q.L., Z.L., Z.F.), National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.X., K.Y., C.Z., Y.C., J.W.)
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11
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Metabolomics: A New Tool in Our Understanding of Congenital Heart Disease. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121803. [PMID: 36553246 PMCID: PMC9776621 DOI: 10.3390/children9121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the genetic origins underpinning congenital heart disease (CHD) have been extensively studied, genes, by themselves, do not entirely predict phenotypes, which result from the complex interplay between genes and the environment. Consequently, genes merely suggest the potential occurrence of a specific phenotype, but they cannot predict what will happen in reality. This task can be revealed by metabolomics, the most promising of the "omics sciences". Though metabolomics applied to CHD is still in its infant phase, it has already been applied to CHD prenatal diagnosis, as well as to predict outcomes after cardiac surgery. Particular metabolomic fingerprints have been identified for some of the specific CHD subtypes. The hallmarks of CHD-related pulmonary arterial hypertension have also been discovered. This review, which is presented in a narrative format, due to the heterogeneity of the selected papers, aims to provide the readers with a synopsis of the literature on metabolomics in the CHD setting.
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12
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Liu X, Zhang L, Zhang W. Metabolic reprogramming: A novel metabolic model for pulmonary hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:957524. [PMID: 36093148 PMCID: PMC9458918 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.957524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension, or PAH, is a condition that is characterized by pulmonary artery pressures above 20 mmHg (at rest). In the treatment of PAH, the pulmonary vascular system is regulated to ensure a diastolic and contraction balance; nevertheless, this treatment does not prevent or reverse pulmonary vascular remodeling and still causes pulmonary hypertension to progress. According to Warburg, the link between metabolism and proliferation in PAH is similar to that of cancer, with a common aerobic glycolytic phenotype. By activating HIF, aerobic glycolysis is enhanced and cell proliferation is triggered. Aside from glutamine metabolism, the Randle cycle is also present in PAH. Enhanced glutamine metabolism replenishes carbon intermediates used by glycolysis and provides energy to over-proliferating and anti-apoptotic pulmonary vascular cells. By activating the Randle cycle, aerobic oxidation is enhanced, ATP is increased, and myocardial injury is reduced. PAH is predisposed by epigenetic dysregulation of DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and microRNA. This article discusses the abnormal metabolism of PAH and how metabolic therapy can be used to combat remodeling.
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13
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Zhao H, Gong S, Shi Y, Luo C, Qiu H, He J, Sun Y, Huang Y, Wang S, Miao Y, Wu W. The role of prolactin/vasoinhibins in cardiovascular diseases. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 6:81-91. [PMID: 35923071 PMCID: PMC10158951 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone that is mainly synthesized and secreted by the lactotroph cells of the pituitary. There are two main isoforms of PRL: 23-kDa PRL (named full-length PRL) and vasoinhibins (including 5.6-18 kDa fragments). Both act as circulating hormones and cytokines to stimulate or inhibit vascular formation at different stages and neovascularization, including endothelial cell proliferation and migration, protease production, and apoptosis. However, their effects on vascular function and cardiovascular diseases are different or even contrary. In addition to the structure, secretion regulation, and signal transduction of PRL/vasoinhibins, this review focuses on the pathological mechanism and clinical significance of PRL/vasoinhibins in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sugang Gong
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongcong Shi
- Respiratory Medicine, Dongchuan District People's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Cijun Luo
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongling Qiu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxia Huang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Liu Y, Shi JZ, Jiang R, Liu SF, He YY, van der Vorst EPC, Weber C, Döring Y, Yan Y. Regulatory T Cell-Related Gene Indicators in Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908783. [PMID: 35712711 PMCID: PMC9197497 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical immune modulators to maintain immune homeostasis and limit pulmonary hypertension (PH). This study was aimed to identify Treg-related genes (TRGs) in PH. Methods: The gene expression profile from lungs of PH patients was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The abundance of Tregs was estimated by the xCell algorithm, the correlation of which with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed. DEGs with a |Pearson correlation coefficient| >0.4 were identified as TRGs. Functional annotation and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were analyzed. A gene signature for 25 hub TRGs (TRGscore) was generated by a single sample scoring method to determine its accuracy to distinguish PH from control subjects. TRGs were validated in datasets of transcriptional profiling of PH cohorts and in lung tissues of experimental PH mice. Results: A total of 819 DEGs were identified in lungs of 58 PAH patients compared to that of 25 control subjects of dataset GSE117261. In total, 165 of all these DEGs were correlated with the abundance of Tregs and identified as TRGs, with 90 upregulated genes and 75 downregulated genes compared to that of control subjects. The upregulated TRGs were enriched in negative regulation of multiple pathways, such as cAMP-mediated signaling and I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling, and regulated by multiple genes encoding transcriptional factors including HIF1A. Furthermore, 25 hub genes categorized into three clusters out of 165 TRGs were derived, and we identified 27 potential drugs targeting 10 hub TRGs. The TRGscore based on 25 hub TRGs was higher in PH patients and could distinguish PH from control subjects (all AUC >0.7). Among them, 10 genes including NCF2, MNDA/Ifi211, HCK, FGR, CSF3R, AQP9, S100A8, G6PD/G6pdx, PGD, and TXNRD1 were significantly reduced in lungs of severe PH patients of dataset GSE24988 as well as in lungs of hypoxic PH mice compared to corresponding controls. Conclusion: Our finding will shed some light on the Treg-associated therapeutic targets in the progression of PH and emphasize on TRGscore as a novel indicator for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Zhuo Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Fei Liu
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yang-Yang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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