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Shokri N, Ghasempour G, Soleimani AA, Elahimanesh M, Najafi M. NF-kB affects migration of vascular smooth muscle cells after treatment with heparin and ibrutinib. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101685. [PMID: 38524279 PMCID: PMC10957380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is one of the most important events in the remodeling of atherosclerosis plaque. The aim of study was to investigate the role of Heparin in the VSMC migration and its association with the NF-kB, collagen 1 and collagen 3 expression levels. Moreover, the incorporation of Heparin was studied in the VSMC cultures including Betulinic acid and Ibrutinib. Twelve cell groups were cultured and treated with the Heparin, Betulinic acid and Ibrutinib based on the viability and toxicity in 24-h and 48-h periods. The gene and protein expression levels were measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting techniques. The VSMC migration was determined by scratch test. In contrast with Ibrutinib (2 μM), Heparin (30 IU) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the NF-kB gene and protein expression levels and the VSMC migration during the exposure periods. Heparin (15 IU and 30 IU) also increased the collagen 1 gene expression level in the 48-h period while Heparin (5 IU and 15 IU) increased the collagen 3 gene expression levels in both periods. Incorporating Heparin into the cultures including Betulinic acid and Ibrutinib affected the collagen 1 and collagen 3 expression levels. The data suggested that the cell migration relates to NF-kB in the VSMCs treated with Heparin and Ibrutinib. Furthermore, the Heparin doses (5 IU and 15 IU) were safe for VSMCs based on the NF-kB, and collagen 3 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Shokri
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghasempour
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illnosis, USA
| | - Ali Akbar Soleimani
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Elahimanesh
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Song PR, Wan ZP, Huang GG, Song ZL, Zhang T, Tong LJ, Fang Y, Tang HT, Xue Y, Zhan ZS, Feng F, Li Y, Shi WH, Huang YQ, Chen Y, Duan WH, Ding J, Zhang A, Xie H. Discovery of a novel BTK inhibitor S-016 and identification of a new strategy for the treatment of lymphomas including BTK inhibitor-resistant lymphomas. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01311-x. [PMID: 38834683 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) has emerged as a therapeutic target for B-cell malignancies, which is substantiated by the efficacy of various irreversible or reversible BTK inhibitors. However, on-target BTK mutations facilitating evasion from BTK inhibition lead to resistance that limits the therapeutic efficacy of BTK inhibitors. In this study we employed structure-based drug design strategies based on established BTK inhibitors and yielded a series of BTK targeting compounds. Among them, compound S-016 bearing a unique tricyclic structure exhibited potent BTK kinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.5 nM, comparable to a commercially available BTK inhibitor ibrutinib (IC50 = 0.4 nM). S-016, as a novel irreversible BTK inhibitor, displayed superior kinase selectivity compared to ibrutinib and significant therapeutic effects against B-cell lymphoma both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we generated BTK inhibitor-resistant lymphoma cells harboring BTK C481F or A428D to explore strategies for overcoming resistance. Co-culture of these DLBCL cells with M0 macrophages led to the polarization of M0 macrophages toward the M2 phenotype, a process known to support tumor progression. Intriguingly, we demonstrated that SYHA1813, a compound targeting both VEGFR and CSF1R, effectively reshaped the tumor microenvironment (TME) and significantly overcame the acquired resistance to BTK inhibitors in both BTK-mutated and wild-type BTK DLBCL models by inhibiting angiogenesis and modulating macrophage polarization. Overall, this study not only promotes the development of new BTK inhibitors but also offers innovative treatment strategies for B-cell lymphomas, including those with BTK mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ran Song
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Ge-Ge Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Zi-Lan Song
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lin-Jiang Tong
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao-Tian Tang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Zhan
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fang Feng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen-Hao Shi
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Yu-Qing Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 561113, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen-Hu Duan
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ao Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Hua Xie
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology & Small-Molecule Drug Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
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Halder P, Rai A, Talukdar V, Das P, Lakkaniga NR. Pyrazolopyridine-based kinase inhibitors for anti-cancer targeted therapy. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1452-1470. [PMID: 38784451 PMCID: PMC11110789 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The need for effective cancer treatments continues to be a challenge for the biomedical research community. In this case, the advent of targeted therapy has significantly improved therapeutic outcomes. Drug discovery and development efforts targeting kinases have resulted in the approval of several small-molecule anti-cancer drugs based on ATP-mimicking heterocyclic cores. Pyrazolopyridines are a group of privileged heterocyclic cores in kinase drug discovery, which are present in several inhibitors that have been developed against various cancers. Notably, selpercatinib, glumetinib, camonsertib and olverembatinib have either received approval or are in late-phase clinical studies. This review presents the success stories employing pyrazolopyridine scaffolds as hinge-binding cores to address various challenges in kinase-targeted drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Halder
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad India
| | - Anubhav Rai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad India
| | - Vishal Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad India
| | - Naga Rajiv Lakkaniga
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad India
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4
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Liu R, Zhang J, Rodrigues Lima F, Zeng J, Nian Q. Targeting neutrophil extracellular traps: A novel strategy in hematologic malignancies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116334. [PMID: 38422658 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have emerged as a critical factor in malignant hematologic disease pathogenesis. These structures, comprising DNA, histones, and cytoplasmic proteins, were initially recognized for their role in immune defense against microbial threats. Growing evidence suggests that NETs contribute to malignant cell progression and dissemination, representing a double-edged sword. However, there is a paucity of reports on its involvement in hematological disorders. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate relationship between malignant cells and NETs is necessary to explore effective therapeutic strategies. This review highlights NET formation and mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. Moreover, we discuss recent advancements in targeted inhibitor development for selective NET disruption, empowering precise design and efficacious therapeutic interventions for malignant hematologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 183 Xinqiao Road, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 32# W. Sec 2, 1stRing Rd, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Fernando Rodrigues Lima
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, 2-16 Rue Theroigne deMericourt, Paris 75013, France
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.37 Shierqiaolu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China.
| | - Qing Nian
- Department of Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 32# W. Sec 2, 1stRing Rd, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.
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5
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Proskuriakova E, Shrestha DB, Jasaraj R, Reddy VK, Shtembari J, Raut A, Gaire S, Khosla P, Kadariya D. Cardiovascular Adverse Events Associated With Second-generation Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Ther 2024; 46:134-145. [PMID: 38102000 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) are common adverse effects of first-generation Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and limit their use considerably. This led to the development of second-generation BTKis-acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib-which are more selective, potent, and presumed to have better safety profiles than the previous group of medications. However, there have been sporadic reports of CVAEs associated with second-generation BTKis in clinical practice. To address this issue, a comprehensive meta-analysis to pool the documented CVAEs was performed, including major hemorrhage, any bleeding, atrioventricular block, atrial fibrillation/flutter, pericardial effusion, pericarditis, heart failure, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, hypertension, hypotension, and stroke. This meta-analysis incorporated 8 studies. Among these, 6 were Phase III trials and 2 were Phase II trials. These studies collectively enrolled a total of 2938 patients. METHODS Multiple databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EMBASE, were systematically searched for relevant clinical trials from inception through January 14, 2023. The effect measure used was odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. FINDINGS Of a total of 1774 studies identified during the initial database search, 8 were included in the meta-analysis. The incidence of overall and cardiovascular mortality was comparable between the 2 groups. There were no significant differences observed for cardiovascular mortality (OR = 0.36; 95% CI, 0.08-1.65; n = 2588; I2 = 45%; P = 0.19). Similar results were found for all-cause mortality (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.67-1.07), any bleeding (OR = 1.90; 95% CI, 0.88-4.09), major bleeding (OR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.65-1.76), atrioventricular block (OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.15-3.68), atrial fibrillation/flutter (OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.37-1.50), and other CVAEs associated with second-generation BTKis. IMPLICATIONS Based on the available evidence, there is no indication of worse cardiovascular outcomes or superiority of second-generation BTKis compared with standard treatments in terms of safety profile. However, additional large-scale controlled trials are needed to provide robust support for the superior tolerability of new-generation BTKis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ranjit Jasaraj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vijay Ketan Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jurgen Shtembari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anuradha Raut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nepal Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suman Gaire
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Paramjeet Khosla
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dinesh Kadariya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Florida-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida
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6
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Zygmunciak P, Robak T, Puła B. Treatment of Double-Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia-An Unmet Clinical Need. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1589. [PMID: 38338868 PMCID: PMC10855898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen significant improvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) management. Targeting B-cell lymphoma (BCL-2) and Bruton's kinase (BTK) have become the main strategies to restrain CLL activity. These agents are generally well tolerated, but the discontinuation of these therapies happens due to resistance, adverse effects, and Richter's transformation. A growing population of patients who have previously used both BTK inhibitors and BCL2 suffer from the constriction of the following regimens. This review explores the resistance mechanisms for both ibrutinib and venetoclax. Moreover, we present innovative approaches evaluated for treating double-refractory CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Zygmunciak
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.Z.); (B.P.)
| | - Tadeusz Robak
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-510 Lodz, Poland
- Department of General Hematology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, 93-510 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Puła
- Department of Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.Z.); (B.P.)
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Morris J, Kunkel MW, White SL, Wishka DG, Lopez OD, Bowles L, Sellers Brady P, Ramsey P, Grams J, Rohrer T, Martin K, Dexheimer TS, Coussens NP, Evans D, Risbood P, Sonkin D, Williams JD, Polley EC, Collins JM, Doroshow JH, Teicher BA. Targeted Investigational Oncology Agents in the NCI-60: A Phenotypic Systems-based Resource. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1270-1279. [PMID: 37550087 PMCID: PMC10618733 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The NCI-60 human tumor cell line panel has proved to be a useful tool for the global cancer research community in the search for novel chemotherapeutics. The publicly available cell line characterization and compound screening data from the NCI-60 assay have significantly contributed to the understanding of cellular mechanisms targeted by new oncology agents. Signature sensitivity/resistance patterns generated for a given chemotherapeutic agent against the NCI-60 panel have long served as fingerprint presentations that encompass target information and the mechanism of action associated with the tested agent. We report the establishment of a new public NCI-60 resource based on the cell line screening of a large and growing set of 175 FDA-approved oncology drugs (AOD) plus >825 clinical and investigational oncology agents (IOA), representing a diverse set (>250) of therapeutic targets and mechanisms. This data resource is available to the public (https://ioa.cancer.gov) and includes the raw data from the screening of the IOA and AOD collection along with an extensive set of visualization and analysis tools to allow for comparative study of individual test compounds and multiple compound sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Morris
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mark W. Kunkel
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Stephen L. White
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Donn G. Wishka
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Omar D. Lopez
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lori Bowles
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Penny Sellers Brady
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Patricia Ramsey
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Julie Grams
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Tiffany Rohrer
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Karen Martin
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Thomas S. Dexheimer
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Nathan P. Coussens
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David Evans
- Target Validation and Screening Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National, Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Prabhakar Risbood
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Dmitriy Sonkin
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - John D. Williams
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eric C. Polley
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jerry M. Collins
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
| | - James H. Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, Rockville, Maryland
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8
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Qi J, Endres S, Yosifov DY, Tausch E, Dheenadayalan RP, Gao X, Müller A, Schneider C, Mertens D, Gierschik P, Wist M, Jebaraj BMC, Stilgenbauer S. Acquired BTK mutations associated with resistance to noncovalent BTK inhibitors. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5698-5702. [PMID: 36661329 PMCID: PMC10539862 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Qi
- Division of CLL, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sascha Endres
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Eugen Tausch
- Division of CLL, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Annika Müller
- Division of CLL, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christof Schneider
- Division of CLL, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Mertens
- Division of CLL, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Cooperation Unit “Mechanisms of Leukemogenesis”, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Gierschik
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Wist
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Stilgenbauer
- Division of CLL, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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9
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Mu X, Chen C, Dong L, Kang Z, Sun Z, Chen X, Zheng J, Zhang Y. Immunotherapy in leukaemia. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:974-987. [PMID: 37272727 PMCID: PMC10326417 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukaemia is the common name for a group of malignant diseases of the haematopoietic system with complex classifications and characteristics. Remarkable progress has been made in basic research and preclinical studies for acute leukaemia compared to that of the many other types/subtypes of leukaemia, especially the exploration of the biological basis and application of immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). In this review, we summarize the basic approaches to immunotherapy for leukaemia and focus on the research progress made in immunotherapy development for AML and ALL. Importantly, despite the advances made to date, big challenges still exist in the effectiveness of leukaemia immunotherapy, especially in AML. Therefore, we use AML as an example and summarize the mechanisms of tumour cell immune evasion, describe recently reported data and known therapeutic targets, and discuss the obstacles in finding suitable treatment targets and the results obtained in recent clinical trials for several types of single and combination immunotherapies, such as bispecific antibodies, cell therapies (CAR-T-cell treatment), and checkpoint blockade. Finally, we summarize novel immunotherapy strategies for treating lymphocytic leukaemia and clinical trial results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Mu
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Chumao Chen
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Loujie Dong
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Zhaowei Kang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Zhixian Sun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Xijie Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Junke Zheng
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of MedicineShanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic MedicineKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
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10
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Nikitin E, Kislova M, Morozov D, Belyakova V, Suvorova A, Sveshnikova J, Vyscub G, Matveeva I, Shirokova M, Shipaeva A, Klitochenko T, Makarovskaya P, Dmitrieva E, Biderman B, Sudarikov A, Obukhova T, Samoilova O, Kaplanov K, Konstantinova T, Mayorova O, Poddubnaya I, Ptushkin V. Ibrutinib in combination with rituximab is highly effective in treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with steroid refractory and relapsed autoimmune cytopenias. Leukemia 2023:10.1038/s41375-023-01891-3. [PMID: 37202442 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) are common complications of CLL. The optimal treatment of steroid refractory AIHA/PRCA is not well established. We conducted a multicenter study of ibrutinib and rituximab in patients with relapsed/refractory to steroids AIHA/PRCA and underlying CLL. Protocol included induction (ibrutinib 420 mg/day and rituximab, 8 weekly and 4 monthly infusions) and maintenance phase with ibrutinib alone until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Fifty patients were recruited (44-warm AIHA, 2-cold AIHA, 4-PRCA). After the induction 34 patients (74%) have achieved complete response, 10 (21.7%) partial response. Median time to hemoglobin normalization was 85 days. With regards to CLL response 9 (19%) patients have achieved CR, 2 (4%) patients-stabilization and 39 (78%)-PR. The median follow-up was 37.56 months. In AIHA group 2 patients had a relapse. Among 4 patients with PRCA 1 patient did not respond, and 1 patient had a relapse after CR, 2 remained in CR. The most common adverse events were neutropenia (62%), infections (72%), gastrointestinal complications (54%). In conclusion ibrutinib in combination with rituximab is an active second-line treatment option for patients with relapsed or refractory AIHA/PRCA and underlying CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Nikitin
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation.
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Maria Kislova
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Morozov
- State Budgetary Health Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region "Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko", Nizhny, Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Vera Belyakova
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow Blood Center named after O.K. Gavrilov of the Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Suvorova
- State Budgetary Health Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region "Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko", Nizhny, Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Julia Sveshnikova
- State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Sverdlovsk Region "Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital N 1", Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Galina Vyscub
- State Budgetary Health Institution "Volgograd Regional Clinical Oncology Center", Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Matveeva
- State Budgetary Health Institution "Volgograd Regional Clinical Oncology Center", Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Shirokova
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Shipaeva
- State Budgetary Health Institution "Volgograd Regional Clinical Oncology Center", Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Klitochenko
- State Budgetary Health Institution "Volgograd Regional Clinical Oncology Center", Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Makarovskaya
- State Budgetary Health Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region "Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko", Nizhny, Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Dmitrieva
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Bella Biderman
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Sudarikov
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Obukhova
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Samoilova
- State Budgetary Health Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region "Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko", Nizhny, Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Kamil Kaplanov
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Konstantinova
- State Autonomous Healthcare Institution of the Sverdlovsk Region "Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital N 1", Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Mayorova
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow Blood Center named after O.K. Gavrilov of the Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Poddubnaya
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Ptushkin
- State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the city of Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin of Moscow City Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
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11
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Shi H, Gao L, Zhang W, Jiang M. Long non-coding RNAs regulate treatment outcome in leukemia: What have we learnt recently? Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 37148556 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a group of highly heterogeneous and life-threatening blood cancers that originate from abnormal hematopoietic stem cells. Multiple treatments are approved for leukemia, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. Unfortunately, therapeutic resistance occurs in a substantial proportion of patients and greatly compromises the treatment efficacy of leukemia, resulting in relapse and mortality. The abnormal activity of receptor tyrosine kinases, cell membrane transporters, intracellular signal transducers, transcription factors, and anti-apoptotic proteins have been shown to contribute to the emergence of therapeutic resistance. Despite these findings, the exact mechanisms of treatment resistance are still not fully understood, which limits the development of effective measures to overcome it. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are a class of regulatory molecules that are gaining increasing attention, and lncRNA-mediated regulation of therapeutic resistance against multiple drugs for leukemia is being revealed. These dysregulated lncRNAs not only serve as potential targets to reduce resistance but also might improve treatment response prediction and individualized treatment decision. Here, we summarize the recent findings on lncRNA-mediated regulation of therapeutic resistance in leukemia and discuss future perspectives on how to make use of the dysregulated lncRNAs in leukemia to improve treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Gao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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12
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Krämer J, Bar-Or A, Turner TJ, Wiendl H. Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors for multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:289-304. [PMID: 37055617 PMCID: PMC10100639 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce both relapses and relapse-associated worsening of disability, which is assumed to be mainly associated with transient infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS). However, approved therapies are less effective at slowing disability accumulation in patients with MS, in part owing to their lack of relevant effects on CNS-compartmentalized inflammation, which has been proposed to drive disability. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an intracellular signalling molecule involved in the regulation of maturation, survival, migration and activation of B cells and microglia. As CNS-compartmentalized B cells and microglia are considered central to the immunopathogenesis of progressive MS, treatment with CNS-penetrant BTK inhibitors might curtail disease progression by targeting immune cells on both sides of the blood-brain barrier. Five BTK inhibitors that differ in selectivity, strength of inhibition, binding mechanisms and ability to modulate immune cells within the CNS are currently under investigation in clinical trials as a treatment for MS. This Review describes the role of BTK in various immune cells implicated in MS, provides an overview of preclinical data on BTK inhibitors and discusses the (largely preliminary) data from clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krämer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Amit Bar-Or
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Neurotherapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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13
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Zhong HA, Almahmoud S. Docking and Selectivity Studies of Covalently Bound Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076023. [PMID: 37047004 PMCID: PMC10094608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinases (JAKs) are a family of non-receptor cytosolic protein kinases critical for immune signaling. Many covalently bound ligands of JAK3 inhibitors have been reported. To help design selective JAK inhibitors, in this paper, we used five model proteins to study the subtype selectivity of and the mutational effects on inhibitor binding. We also compared the Covalent Dock programs from the Schrodinger software suite and the MOE software suite to determine which method to use for the drug design of covalent inhibitors. Our results showed that the docking affinity from 4Z16 (JAK3 wild-type model), 4E4N (JAK1), 4D1S (JAK2), and 7UYT (TYK2) from the Schrödinger software suite agreed well with the experimentally derived binding free energies with small predicted mean errors. However, the data from the mutant 5TTV model using the Schrödinger software suite yielded relatively large mean errors, whereas the MOE Covalent Dock program gave small mean errors in both the wild-type and mutant models for our model proteins. The docking data revealed that Leu905 of JAK3 and the hydrophobic residue at the same position in different subtypes (Leu959 of JAK1, Leu932 of JAK2, and Val981 of TYK2) is important for ligand binding to the JAK proteins. Arg911 and Asp912 of JAK3, Asp939 of JAK2, and Asp988 of TYK2 can be used for selective binding over JAK1, which contains Lys965 and Glu966 at the respective positions. Asp1021, Asp1039, and Asp1042 can be utilized for JAK1-selective ligand design, whereas Arg901 and Val981 may help guide TYK2-selective molecule design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen A Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Suliman Almahmoud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51542, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Rozkiewicz D, Hermanowicz JM, Kwiatkowska I, Krupa A, Pawlak D. Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (BTKIs): Review of Preclinical Studies and Evaluation of Clinical Trials. Molecules 2023; 28:2400. [PMID: 36903645 PMCID: PMC10005125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and the compounds that target it. BTK is a downstream mediator of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and affects B-cell proliferation and differentiation. Evidence demonstrating the expression of BTK on the majority of hematological cells has led to the hypothesis that BTK inhibitors (BTKIs) such as ibrutinib can be an effective treatment for leukemias and lymphomas. However, a growing body of experimental and clinical data has demonstrated the significance of BTK, not just in B-cell malignancies, but also in solid tumors, such as breast, ovarian, colorectal, and prostate cancers. In addition, enhanced BTK activity is correlated with autoimmune disease. This gave rise to the hypothesis that BTK inhibitors can be beneficial in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), allergies, and asthma. In this review article, we summarize the most recent findings regarding this kinase as well as the most advanced BTK inhibitors that have been developed to date and their clinical applications mainly in cancer and chronic inflammatory disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Rozkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Kwiatkowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Krupa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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15
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Sher S, Whipp E, Walker J, Zhang P, Beaver L, Williams K, Orwick S, Ravikrishnan J, Walker B, Perry E, Gregory C, Purcell M, Pan A, Yan P, Alinari L, Johnson AJ, Frigault MM, Greer JM, Hamdy A, Izumi R, Mo X, Sampath D, Woyach J, Blachly J, Byrd JC, Lapalombella R. VIP152 is a selective CDK9 inhibitor with pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:326-338. [PMID: 36376377 PMCID: PMC9898036 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is effectively treated with targeted therapies including Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and BCL2 antagonists. When these become ineffective, treatment options are limited. Positive transcription elongation factor complex (P-TEFb), a heterodimeric protein complex composed of cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and cyclin T1, functions to regulate short half-life transcripts by phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II (POLII). These transcripts are frequently dysregulated in hematologic malignancies; however, therapies targeting inhibition of P-TEFb have not yet achieved approval for cancer treatment. VIP152 kinome profiling revealed CDK9 as the main enzyme inhibited at 100 nM, with over a 10-fold increase in potency compared with other inhibitors currently in development for this target. VIP152 induced cell death in CLL cell lines and primary patient samples. Transcriptome analysis revealed inhibition of RNA degradation through the AU-Rich Element (ARE) dysregulation. Mechanistically, VIP152 inhibits the assembly of P-TEFb onto the transcription machinery and disturbs binding partners. Finally, immune competent mice engrafted with CLL-like cells of Eµ-MTCP1 over-expressing mice and treated with VIP152 demonstrated reduced disease burden and improvement in overall survival compared to vehicle-treated mice. These data suggest that VIP152 is a highly selective inhibitor of CDK9 that represents an attractive new therapy for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Sher
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ethan Whipp
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Janek Walker
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pu Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Larry Beaver
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katie Williams
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shelley Orwick
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Janani Ravikrishnan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brandi Walker
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Perry
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Charles Gregory
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew Purcell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexander Pan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pearlly Yan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaokui Mo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology & Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Woyach
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James Blachly
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John C Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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16
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Hezkiy EE, Kumar S, Gahramanov V, Yaglom J, Hesin A, Jadhav SS, Guzev E, Patel S, Avinery E, Firer MA, Sherman MY. Search for Synergistic Drug Combinations to Treat Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223671. [PMID: 36429097 PMCID: PMC9688317 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding synergistic drug combinations is an important area of cancer research. Here, we sought to rationally design synergistic drug combinations with an inhibitor of BTK kinase, ibrutinib, which is used for the treatment of several types of leukemia. We (a) used a pooled shRNA screen to identify genes that protect cells from the drug, (b) identified protective pathways via bioinformatics analysis of these gene sets, and (c) identified drugs that inhibit these pathways. Based on this analysis, we established that inhibitors of proteasome and mTORC1 could synergize with ibrutinib both in vitro and in vivo. We suggest that FDA-approved inhibitors of these pathways could be effectively combined with ibrutinib for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Valid Gahramanov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Julia Yaglom
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Arkadi Hesin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | | | - Ekaterina Guzev
- Department of Mathematics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Shivani Patel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Elena Avinery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Michael A. Firer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Michael Y. Sherman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-587819472
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17
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Alu A, Lei H, Han X, Wei Y, Wei X. BTK inhibitors in the treatment of hematological malignancies and inflammatory diseases: mechanisms and clinical studies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:138. [PMID: 36183125 PMCID: PMC9526392 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01353-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an essential component of multiple signaling pathways that regulate B cell and myeloid cell proliferation, survival, and functions, making it a promising therapeutic target for various B cell malignancies and inflammatory diseases. Five small molecule inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy and have been approved to treat different types of hematological cancers, including ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib, tirabrutinib, and orelabrutinib. The first-in-class agent, ibrutinib, has created a new era of chemotherapy-free treatment of B cell malignancies. Ibrutinib is so popular and became the fourth top-selling cancer drug worldwide in 2021. To reduce the off-target effects and overcome the acquired resistance of ibrutinib, significant efforts have been made in developing highly selective second- and third-generation BTK inhibitors and various combination approaches. Over the past few years, BTK inhibitors have also been repurposed for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Promising data have been obtained from preclinical and early-phase clinical studies. In this review, we summarized current progress in applying BTK inhibitors in the treatment of hematological malignancies and inflammatory disorders, highlighting available results from clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqu Alu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong Lei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuejiao Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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18
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Karvaly GB, Vincze I, Balogh A, Köllő Z, Bödör C, Vásárhelyi B. A High-Throughput Clinical Laboratory Methodology for the Therapeutic Monitoring of Ibrutinib and Dihydrodiol Ibrutinib. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154766. [PMID: 35897942 PMCID: PMC9331678 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ibrutinib (IBR) is an oral anticancer medication that inhibits Bruton tyrosine kinase irreversibly. Due to the high risk of adverse effects and its pharmacokinetic variability, the safe and effective use of IBR is expected to be facilitated by precision dosing. Delivering suitable clinical laboratory information on IBR is a prerequisite of constructing fit-for-purpose population and individual pharmacokinetic models. The validation of a dedicated high-throughput method using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is presented for the simultaneous analysis of IBR and its pharmacologically active metabolite dihydrodiol ibrutinib (DIB) in human plasma. The 6 h benchtop stability of IBR, DIB, and the active moiety (IBR+DIB) was assessed in whole blood and in plasma to identify any risk of degradation before samples reach the laboratory. In addition, four regression algorithms were tested to determine the optimal assay error equations of IBR, DIB, and the active moiety, which are essential for the correct estimation of the error of their future nonparametric pharmacokinetic models. The noncompartmental pharmacokinetic properties of IBR and the active moiety were evaluated in three patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia to provide a proof of concept. The presented methodology allows clinical laboratories to efficiently support pharmacokinetics-based precision pharmacotherapy with IBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gellért Balázs Karvaly
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (I.V.); (Z.K.); (B.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - István Vincze
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (I.V.); (Z.K.); (B.V.)
| | - Alexandra Balogh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 46 Szentkirályi Utca, 1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Köllő
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (I.V.); (Z.K.); (B.V.)
| | - Csaba Bödör
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 26 Üllői út, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
- HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, 26 Üllői út, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barna Vásárhelyi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, 4 Nagyvárad tér, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (I.V.); (Z.K.); (B.V.)
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19
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Rijvers L, van Langelaar J, Bogers L, Melief MJ, Koetzier SC, Blok KM, Wierenga-Wolf AF, de Vries HE, Rip J, Corneth OB, Hendriks RW, Grenningloh R, Boschert U, Smolders J, van Luijn MM. Human T-bet+ B cell development is associated with BTK activity and suppressed by evobrutinib. JCI Insight 2022; 7:160909. [PMID: 35852869 PMCID: PMC9462504 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials have shown promising results for the next-generation Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor evobrutinib in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). BTK has a central role in signaling pathways that govern the development of B cells. Whether and how BTK activity shapes B cells as key drivers of MS is currently unclear. Compared with levels of BTK protein, we found higher levels of phospho-BTK in ex vivo blood memory B cells from patients with relapsing-remitting MS and secondary progressive MS compared with controls. In these MS groups, BTK activity was induced to a lesser extent after anti-IgM stimulation. BTK positively correlated with CXCR3 expression, both of which were increased in blood B cells from clinical responders to natalizumab (anti–VLA-4 antibody) treatment. Under in vitro T follicular helper–like conditions, BTK phosphorylation was enhanced by T-bet–inducing stimuli, IFN-γ and CpG-ODN, while the expression of T-bet and T-bet–associated molecules CXCR3, CD21, and CD11c was affected by evobrutinib. Furthermore, evobrutinib interfered with in vitro class switching, as well as memory recall responses, and disturbed CXCL10-mediated migration of CXCR3+ switched B cells through human brain endothelial monolayers. These findings demonstrate a functional link between BTK activity and disease-relevant B cells and offer valuable insights into how next-generation BTK inhibitors could modulate the clinical course of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Katelijn M. Blok
- Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Helga E. de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Odilia B.J. Corneth
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rudi W. Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Ursula Boschert
- Ares Trading SA, Eysins, Switzerland (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany)
| | - Joost Smolders
- Department of Immunology and
- Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Differential Response to Cytotoxic Drugs Explains the Dynamics of Leukemic Cell Death: Insights from Experiments and Mathematical Modeling. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14061269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a framework whereby cancer chemotherapy could be improved through collaboration between mathematicians and experimentalists. Following on from our recently published model, we use A20 murine leukemic cells transfected with monomeric red fluorescent proteins cells (mCherry) to compare the simulated and experimental cytotoxicity of two Federal Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anticancer drugs, Cytarabine (Cyt) and Ibrutinib (Ibr) in an in vitro model system of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). Maximum growth inhibition with Cyt (95%) was reached at an 8-fold lower drug concentration (6.25 μM) than for Ibr (97%, 50 μM). For the proposed ordinary differential equations (ODE) model, a multistep strategy was used to estimate the parameters relevant to the analysis of in vitro experiments testing the effects of different drug concentrations. The simulation results demonstrate that our model correctly predicts the effects of drugs on leukemic cells. To assess the closeness of the fit between the simulations and experimental data, RMSEs for both drugs were calculated (both RMSEs < 0.1). The numerical solutions of the model show a symmetrical dynamical evolution for two drugs with different modes of action. Simulations of the combinatorial effect of Cyt and Ibr showed that their synergism enhanced the cytotoxic effect by 40%. We suggest that this model could predict a more personalized drug dose based on the growth rate of an individual’s cancer cells.
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21
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Smith AL, Eiken AP, Skupa SA, Moore DY, Umeta LT, Smith LM, Lyden ER, D’Angelo CR, Kallam A, Vose JM, Kutateladze TG, El-Gamal D. A Novel Triple-Action Inhibitor Targeting B-Cell Receptor Signaling and BRD4 Demonstrates Preclinical Activity in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6712. [PMID: 35743155 PMCID: PMC9224275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from intrinsic genetic defects and complex microenvironment stimuli that fuel CLL cell growth through an array of survival signaling pathways. Novel small-molecule agents targeting the B-cell receptor pathway and anti-apoptotic proteins alone or in combination have revolutionized the management of CLL, yet combination therapy carries significant toxicity and CLL remains incurable due to residual disease and relapse. Single-molecule inhibitors that can target multiple disease-driving factors are thus an attractive approach to combat both drug resistance and combination-therapy-related toxicities. We demonstrate that SRX3305, a novel small-molecule BTK/PI3K/BRD4 inhibitor that targets three distinctive facets of CLL biology, attenuates CLL cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. SRX3305 also inhibits the activation-induced proliferation of primary CLL cells in vitro and effectively blocks microenvironment-mediated survival signals, including stromal cell contact. Furthermore, SRX3305 blocks CLL cell migration toward CXCL-12 and CXCL-13, which are major chemokines involved in CLL cell homing and retention in microenvironment niches. Importantly, SRX3305 maintains its anti-tumor effects in ibrutinib-resistant CLL cells. Collectively, this study establishes the preclinical efficacy of SRX3305 in CLL, providing significant rationale for its development as a therapeutic agent for CLL and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L. Smith
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Alexandria P. Eiken
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Sydney A. Skupa
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Dalia Y. Moore
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Lelisse T. Umeta
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
| | - Lynette M. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (L.M.S.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Elizabeth R. Lyden
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (L.M.S.); (E.R.L.)
| | - Christopher R. D’Angelo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (C.R.D.); (A.K.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Avyakta Kallam
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (C.R.D.); (A.K.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Julie M. Vose
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (C.R.D.); (A.K.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Tatiana G. Kutateladze
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Dalia El-Gamal
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.L.S.); (A.P.E.); (S.A.S.); (D.Y.M.); (L.T.U.)
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22
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Guo W, Liang D, Wang P, Yin L, Zhang H, Xing C, Huang Z, Wu Y, Li H, Cheng Z, Xiao X, Liu J, Wang Z, Peng H. HIF-PH Encoded by EGLN1 Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060734. [PMID: 35745653 PMCID: PMC9229586 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the recent emergence of drug resistance to Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTK) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment, it is crucial to identify alternative therapeutic targets. Therefore, we aimed to identify therapeutic options for CLL besides BTK. We identified that HIF1A expression was higher in CLL patients than in controls, which may suggest good prognosis. We used a lentiviral knockdown of EGLN1 (encoding hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase [HIF-PH]) and found that the growth of MEC-1 cells slowed in the knockdown group. Treatment of CLL cell lines MEC-1 and HG3 with the HIF-PH inhibitor molidustat showed that molidustat could induce apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in CLL cells and had low cytotoxicity at this concentration. CXCR4, HIF1A, SLC2AI, and VEGF, the downstream molecules of the HIF pathway, were upregulated after molidustat treatment. Western blotting results indicated that molidustat increased HIF1A expression in CLL cell lines and cells from CLL patients, and sequencing/quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that the ribosome biogenesis pathway was inhibited in MEC-1 cells after molidustat treatment. We further identified synergistic cytotoxicity of molidustat in combination with ibrutinib on the MEC-1 and HG3 cell lines at certain concentrations. Therefore, molidustat is a potential therapeutic option for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancheng Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Daomiao Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha 410005, China;
| | - Peilong Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Le Yin
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Cheng Xing
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zineng Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yinghua Wu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.P.); Tel.: +86-155-7588-6164 (Z.W.); +86-731-8529-5296 (H.P.)
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (W.G.); (P.W.); (L.Y.); (H.Z.); (C.X.); (Z.H.); (H.L.); (Z.C.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunotherapy for Hematopoietic Malignancies, Changsha 410011, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.P.); Tel.: +86-155-7588-6164 (Z.W.); +86-731-8529-5296 (H.P.)
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23
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Pirtobrutinib inhibits wild-type and mutant Bruton's tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2022; 12:80. [PMID: 35595730 PMCID: PMC9123190 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-022-00675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pirtobrutinib (LOXO-305), a reversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), was designed as an alternative strategy to treat ibrutinib-resistant disease that develops due to C481 kinase domain mutations. The clinical activity of pirtobrutinib has been demonstrated in CLL, but the mechanism of action has not been investigated. We evaluated pirtobrutinib in 4 model systems: first, MEC-1, a CLL cell line overexpressing BTKWT, BTKC481S, or BTKC481R; second, murine models driven by MEC-1 overexpressing BTKWT or BTKC481S; third, in vitro incubations of primary CLL cells; and finally, CLL patients during pirtobrutinib therapy (NCT03740529, ClinicalTrials.gov). Pirtobrutinib inhibited BTK activation as well as downstream signaling in MEC-1 isogenic cells overexpressing BTKWT, BTKC481S, or BTKC481R. In mice, overall survival was short due to aggressive disease. Pirtobrutinib treatment for 2 weeks led to reduction of spleen and liver weight in BTKWT and BTKC481S cells, respectively. In vitro incubations of CLL cells harboring wild-type or mutant BTK had inhibition of the BCR pathway with either ibrutinib or pirtobrutinib treatment. Pirtobrutinib therapy resulted in inhibition of BTK phosphorylation and downstream signaling initially in all cases irrespective of their BTK profile, but these effects started to revert in cases with other BCR pathway mutations such as PLCG2 or PLEKHG5. Levels of CCL3 and CCL4 in plasma were marginally higher in patients with mutated BTK; however, there was a bimodal distribution. Both chemokines were decreased at early time points and mimicked BCR pathway protein changes. Collectively, these results demonstrate that pirtobrutinib is an effective BTK inhibitor for CLL harboring wild-type or mutant BTK as observed by changes in CCL3 and CCL4 biomarkers and suggest that alterations in BCR pathway signaling are the mechanism for its clinical effects. Long-term evaluation is needed for BTK gatekeeper residue variation along with pathologic kinase substitution or mutations in other proteins in the BCR pathway.
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24
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Zhang J, Lu X, Li J, Miao Y. Combining BTK inhibitors with BCL2 inhibitors for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Biomark Res 2022; 10:17. [PMID: 35379357 PMCID: PMC8981798 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of BTK inhibitors has changed the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The first-in-class BTK inhibitor ibrutinib has shown remarkable therapeutic effects and manageable toxicities in multiple clinical trials. The second-generation BTK inhibitors, including acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib, also show remarkable efficacies. However, using BTK inhibitors as monotherapies requires continuous treatment. Resistance to BTK inhibitors and severe side effects unavoidably occur during BTK inhibitor monotherapy, frequently resulting in treatment failure. The addition of the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax to BTK inhibitor may improve the therapeutic effects and result in deeper responses, providing a potential fixed-duration treatment, especially for patients with CLL. In this review, by focusing on CLL and MCL, we discussed the rationale for the combinational use and summarized the current data on the combinations of BTK inhibitors and venetoclax in patients with CLL and MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueying Lu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Pukou CLL Center, Nanjing, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Pukou CLL Center, Nanjing, China.
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25
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Yi X, Jain N, Iles LR, Ayres ML, Wierda WG, Gandhi V. Targeting Mcl-1 by AMG-176 During Ibrutinib and Venetoclax Therapy in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:833714. [PMID: 35273915 PMCID: PMC8901605 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.833714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and Bcl-2 family prosurvival proteins, specifically Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, are functional in the pathobiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A pivotal and apical molecule in the BCR pathway is Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). Together, BTK, Bcl-2, and Mcl-1 participate in the maintenance, migration, proliferation, and survival of CLL cells. Several ongoing and published clinical trials in CLL reported high rates of remission, namely, undetectable measurable residual disease (u-MRD) status with combined BTK inhibitor ibrutinib and Bcl-2 antagonist, venetoclax. While the majority of patients achieve complete remission with undetectable-measurable residual disease, at least one third of patients do not achieve this milestone. We hypothesized that cells persistent during ibrutinib and venetoclax therapy may be sensitive to combined venetoclax and Mcl-1 inhibitor, AMG-176. To test this hypothesis, we took peripheral blood samples at baseline, after Cycle 1 and Cycle 3 of ibrutinib monotherapy, after one week and 1 cycle of ibrutinib plus venetoclax therapy. These serial samples were tested for pharmacodynamic changes and treated in vitro with AMG-176 or in combination with venetoclax. Compared to C1D1 cells, residual cells during ibrutinib and venetoclax treatment were inherently resistant to endogenous cell death. Single agent exposure induced some apoptosis but combination of 100 nM venetoclax and 100 or 300 nM of AMG-176 resulted in 40–100% cell death in baseline samples. Cells obtained after four cycles of ibrutinib and one cycle of venetoclax, when treated with such concentration of venetoclax and AMG-176, showed 10–80% cell death. BCR signaling pathway, measured as autophosphorylation of BTK was inhibited throughout therapy in all post-therapy samples. Among four anti-apoptotic proteins, Mcl-1 and Bfl-1 decreased during therapy in most samples. Proapoptotic proteins decreased during therapy. Collectively, these data provide a rationale to test Mcl-1 antagonists alone or in combination in CLL during treatment with ibrutinib and venetoclax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nitin Jain
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - LaKesla R Iles
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mary L Ayres
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Varsha Gandhi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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26
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Shirley M. Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in B-Cell Malignancies: Their Use and Differential Features. Target Oncol 2022; 17:69-84. [PMID: 34905129 PMCID: PMC8783859 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-021-00857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Starting with the first-in-class agent ibrutinib, the development of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors has led to dramatic improvements in the management of B-cell malignancies. Subsequently, more-highly selective second-generation BTK inhibitors (including acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib, tirabrutinib and orelabrutinib) have been developed, primarily with an aim to reduce off-target toxicities. More recently, third-generation agents including the non-covalent BTK inhibitors pirtobrutinib and nemtabrutinib have entered later-stage clinical development. BTK inhibitors have shown strong activity in a range of B-cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia and marginal zone lymphoma. The agents have acceptable tolerability, with adverse events generally being manageable with dosage modification. This review article summarises the evidence supporting the role of BTK inhibitors in the management of B-cell malignancies, including highlighting some differential features between agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Shirley
- Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
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27
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Rossi D, De Almeida JM. A new triplet for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: zanubrutinib-venetoclax-obinutuzumab. Lancet Haematol 2021; 8:e864-e865. [PMID: 34826404 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(21)00336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Rossi
- Clinic of Haematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland and Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
| | - Joyce Marques De Almeida
- Clinic of Haematology, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland and Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
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Aslan B, Hubner SE, Fox JA, Taverna P, Wierda WG, Kornblau SM, Gandhi V. Vecabrutinib inhibits B-cell receptor signal transduction in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell types with wild-type or mutant Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Haematologica 2021; 107:292-297. [PMID: 34498444 PMCID: PMC8719067 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Edward Hubner
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Judith A Fox
- Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco
| | | | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Varsha Gandhi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics; Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
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Sanner MF, Zoghebi K, Hanna S, Mozaffari S, Rahighi S, Tiwari RK, Parang K. Cyclic Peptides as Protein Kinase Inhibitors: Structure-Activity Relationship and Molecular Modeling. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:3015-3026. [PMID: 34000187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Under-expression or overexpression of protein kinases has been shown to be associated with unregulated cell signal transduction in cancer cells. Therefore, there is major interest in designing protein kinase inhibitors as anticancer agents. We have previously reported [WR]5, a peptide containing alternative arginine (R) and tryptophan (W) residues as a non-competitive c-Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor. A number of larger cyclic peptides containing alternative hydrophobic and positively charged residues [WR]x (x = 6-9) and hybrid cyclic-linear peptides, [R6K]W6 and [R5K]W7, containing R and W residues were evaluated for their protein kinase inhibitory potency. Among all the peptides, cyclic peptide [WR]9 was found to be the most potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor. [WR]9 showed higher inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.21 μM) than [WR]5, [WR]6, [WR]7, and [WR]8 with IC50 values of 0.81, 0.57, 0.35, and 0.33 μM, respectively, against c-Src kinase as determined by a radioactive assay using [γ-33P]ATP. Consistent with the result above, [WR]9 inhibited other protein kinases such as Abl kinase activity with an IC50 value of 0.35 μM, showing 2.2-fold higher inhibition than [WR]5 (IC50 = 0.79 μM). [WR]9 also inhibited PKCa kinase activity with an IC50 value of 2.86 μM, approximately threefold higher inhibition than [WR]5 (IC50 = 8.52 μM). A similar pattern was observed against Braf, c-Src, Cdk2/cyclin A1, and Lck. [WR]9 exhibited IC50 values of <0.25 μM against Akt1, Alk, and Btk. These data suggest that [WR]9 is consistently more potent than other cyclic peptides with a smaller ring size and hybrid cyclic-linear peptides [R6K]W6 and [R5K]W7 against selected protein kinases. Thus, the presence of R and W residues in the ring, ring size, and the number of amino acids in the structure of the cyclic peptide were found to be critical in protein kinase inhibitory potency. We identified three putative binding pockets through automated blind docking of cyclic peptides [WR](5-9). The most populated pocket is located between the SH2, SH3, and N-lobe domains on the opposite side of the ATP binding site. The second putative pocket is formed by the same domains and located on the ATP binding site side of the protein. Finally, a third pocket was identified between the SH2 and SH3 domains. These results are consistent with the non-competitive nature of the inhibition displayed by these molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations of the protein-peptide complexes indicate that the presence of either [WR]5 or [WR]9 affects the plasticity of the protein and in particular the volume of the ATP binding site pocket in different ways. These results suggest that the second pocket is most likely the site where these peptides bind and offer a plausible rationale for the increased affinity of [WR]9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel F Sanner
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Khalid Zoghebi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samara Hanna
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Saghar Mozaffari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Simin Rahighi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Rakesh K Tiwari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
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