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Kovale L, Singh MK, Kim J, Ha J. Role of Autophagy and AMPK in Cancer Stem Cells: Therapeutic Opportunities and Obstacles in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8647. [PMID: 39201332 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells represent a resilient subset within the tumor microenvironment capable of differentiation, regeneration, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, often using dormancy as a shield. Their unique properties, including drug resistance and metastatic potential, pose challenges for effective targeting. These cells exploit certain metabolic processes for their maintenance and survival. One of these processes is autophagy, which generally helps in energy homeostasis but when hijacked by CSCs can help maintain their stemness. Thus, it is often referred as an Achilles heel in CSCs, as certain cancers tend to depend on autophagy for survival. Autophagy, while crucial for maintaining stemness in cancer stem cells (CSCs), can also serve as a vulnerability in certain contexts, making it a complex target for therapy. Regulators of autophagy like AMPK (5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) also play a crucial role in maintaining CSCs stemness by helping CSCs in metabolic reprogramming in harsh environments. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the interplay between autophagy and AMPK in CSCs, highlighting the challenges in targeting autophagy and discussing therapeutic strategies to overcome these limitations. This review focuses on previous research on autophagy and its regulators in cancer biology, particularly in CSCs, addresses the remaining unanswered questions, and potential targets for therapy are also brought to attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lochana Kovale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Manish Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Joungmok Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Song M, Xu M, Zhang Q, Fan T, Xu J, Hang C, Cheng C, Ou X, Gong C, Lu Q. PPM1G promotes autophagy and progression of pancreatic cancer via upregulating HMGB1. Cell Signal 2024:111342. [PMID: 39121976 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive and lethal malignancies worldwide, with a dismal 5-year relative survival rates of only 12%. Therefore, it is urgent to discover the key molecular markers to improve the therapeutic outcomes in pancreatic cancer. Herein, we first demonstrated that PPM1G is upregulated in pancreatic cancer and that PPM1G depletion decreases pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. High PPM1G expression was linked to short overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients, which was further validated in the TCGA database. Moreover, by detecting Beclin 1, LC3-II, and SQSTM1/p62 expressions and observing autolysosome under transmission electron microscope, we discovered that PPM1G is a novel positive regulator of macroautophagy/autophagy. Furthermore, by using immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) analysis and following systemic molecular biology experiment, we demonstrated PPM1G promotes the autophagy and proliferation of pancreatic cancer by directly upregulating HMGB1. Additionally, patients with both high PPM1G and high HMGB1 exhibited poorer prognosis in our cohort. This study preliminarily investigated the possibility of PPM1G as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingyu Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng Hang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Cuie Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou 215500, China
| | - Xilong Ou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China.
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Ning F, Wei D, Yu H, Song T, Li Z, Ma H, Sun Y. Construction of a Multifunctional Upconversion Nanoplatform Based on Autophagy Inhibition and Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Chemotherapy for Antitumor Therapy. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39106330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of autophagy increases the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and improves the therapeutic effect on tumors. Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with chemotherapy has been proven to further improve the efficiency of cancer treatment. As such, combining autophagy inhibition with PDT and chemotherapy may represent a potentially effective new strategy for cancer treatment. However, currently widely studied autophagy inhibitors inevitably produce various toxic side effects due to their inherent pharmacological activity. To overcome this constraint, in this study, we designed an ideal multifunctional upconversion nanoplatform, UCNP-Ce6-EPI@mPPA + NIR (MUCEN). Control, UCNP-EPI@mPPA (MUE), UCNP-EPI@mPPA + NIR (MUEN), Ce6-EPI@mPPA (MCE), Ce6-EPI@mPPA + NIR (MCEN), and UCNP-Ce6-EPI@mPPA (MUCE) groups were set up separately as controls. Based on a combination of autophagy inhibition and PDT, the average particle size of MUCEN was 197 nm, which can simultaneously achieve the double encapsulation of chlorine e6 (Ce6) and epirubicin (EPI). In vitro tests revealed that MUCE was efficiently endocytosed by 4T1 cells under near-infrared light irradiation. Further, in vivo tests revealed that MUCE dramatically inhibited tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry results indicated that MUCE efficiently increased the expression of autophagy inhibitors p62 and LC3 in tumor tissues. The synergistic effect of autophagy inhibition and PDT with MUCE exhibited superior tumor suppression, providing an innovative approach to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ning
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Dengshuai Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongli Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongmei Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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4
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Feng Z, Wei W, Wang S, Li X, Zhao L, Wan G, Hu R, Yu L. A novel selective FAK inhibitor E2 inhibits ovarian cancer metastasis and growth by inducing cytotoxic autophagy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 229:116461. [PMID: 39102992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest form of the gynecologic malignancies and effective therapeutic drugs are urgently needed. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is overexpressed in various solid tumors, and could serve as a potential biomarker of ovarian cancer. However, there are no launched drugs targeting FAK. Hence, the development of the novel FAK inhibitors is an emerging approach for the treatment of ovarian cancer. In this work, we characterized a selective FAK inhibitor E2, with a high inhibitory potency toward FAK. Moreover, E2 had cytotoxic, anti-invasion and anti-migration activity on ovarian cancer cells. Mechanistically, after treatment with E2, FAK downstream signaling cascades (e.g., Src and AKT) were suppressed, thus resulting in the ovarian cancer cell arrest at G0/G1 phase and the induction of cytotoxic autophagy. In addition, E2 attenuated the tumor growth of PA-1 and ES-2 ovarian cancer subcutaneous xenografts, as well as suppressed peritoneal metastasis of OVCAR3-luc. Furthermore, E2 exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that E2 is a selective FAK inhibitor with potent anti-ovarian cancer activities both in vivo and in vitro, offering new possibilities for OC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanzhan Feng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shirui Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lifeng Zhao
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Guoquan Wan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luoting Yu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Zhu Y, Liang X, Zhang G, Li F, Xu J, Ma R, Chen X, Ma M, Wang Y, Chen C, Tang H, Li L, Li Z. Microbiota and metabolite alterations in pancreatic head and body/tail cancer patients. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:2738-2750. [PMID: 38888048 PMCID: PMC11309928 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic head cancer (PHC) and pancreatic body/tail cancer (PBTC) have distinct clinical and biological behaviors. The microbial and metabolic differences in PHC and PBTC have not been studied. The pancreatic microbiota and metabolome of 15 PHC and 8 PBTC tissues and their matched nontumor tissues were characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. At the genus level, Bradyrhizobium was increased while Corynebacterium and Ruminococcus were decreased in the PHC tissues (Head T) compared with the matched nontumor tissues (Head N) significantly. Shuttleworthia, Bacillus, and Bifidobacterium were significantly decreased in the PBTC tissues (Body/Tail T) compared with the matched nontumor tissues (Body/Tail N). Significantly, Ileibacterium was increased whereas Pseudoxanthomonas was decreased in Head T and Body/Tail T, and Lactobacillus was increased in Head T but decreased in Body/Tail T. A total of 102 discriminative metabolites were identified between Head T and Head N, which were scattered through linoleic acid metabolism and purine metabolism pathways. However, there were only four discriminative metabolites between Body/Tail T and Body/Tail N, which were related to glycerophospholipid metabolism and autophagy pathways. The differential metabolites in PHC and PBTC were commonly enriched in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and choline metabolism in cancer pathways. Eubacterium decreased in Head T was positively correlated with decreased linoleic acid while negatively correlated with increased arachidyl carnitine and stearoylcarnitine. Bacillus decreased in Body/Tail T was negatively correlated with increased L-carnitine. These microbiota and metabolites deserve further investigations to reveal their roles in the pathogenesis of PHC and PBTC, providing clues for future treatments.
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El Mahi Y, Nizami ZN, Wali AF, Al Neyadi A, Magramane M, Al Azzani M, Arafat K, Attoub S, Eid AH, Iratni R. Rhus coriaria induces autophagic and apoptotic cell death in pancreatic cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1412565. [PMID: 39139643 PMCID: PMC11319293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1412565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background:Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide with increasing global incidence. We previously reported the anticancer effect of Rhus coriaria ethanolic extract (RCE) in triple negative breast and colon cancer cells. Herein, we investigated the anticancer effect of RCE on human pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: Cell viability was measured using Cell Titer-Glo and staining of viable and dead cells based on differential permeability to two DNA binding dyes. Cell cycle distribution and annexin V staining was carried out in Muse cell analyzer. Protein level was determined by Western blot. Tumor growth was assessed by in ovo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay. Results: We found that RCE significantly inhibited the viability and colony growth of pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1, Mia-PaCa-2, S2-013, AsPC-1). The antiproliferative effects of RCE in pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1 and Mia-PaCa-2) were mediated through induction of G1 cell cycle arrest, Beclin-1-independent autophagy, and apoptosis. RCE activated both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis and regulated the Bax/Bcl-2 apoptotic switch. Mechanistically, we found that RCE inhibited the AKT/mTOR pathway, downstream of which, inactivation of the cell cycle regulator p70S6K and downregulation of the antiapoptotic protein survivin was observed. Additionally, we found that RCE-induced autophagy preceded apoptosis. Further, we confirmed the anticancer effect of RCE in a chick embryo xenograft model and found that RCE inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer xenografts without affecting embryo survival. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Rhus coriaria exerts potent anti-pancreatic cancer activity though cell cycle impairment, autophagy, and apoptosis, and is hence a promising source of anticancer phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine El Mahi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zohra Nausheen Nizami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adil Farooq Wali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aysha Al Neyadi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Magramane
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mazoun Al Azzani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kholoud Arafat
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samir Attoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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El Omari N, Khalid A, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Albratty M, Mohan S, Tan CS, Ming LC, Chook JB, Bouyahya A. Stochasticity of anticancer mechanisms underlying clinical effectiveness of vorinostat. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33052. [PMID: 39021957 PMCID: PMC11253278 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved vorinostat, also called Zolinza®, for its effectiveness in fighting cancer. This drug is a suberoyl-anilide hydroxamic acid belonging to the class of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). Its HDAC inhibitory potential allows it to accumulate acetylated histones. This, in turn, can restore normal gene expression in cancer cells and activate multiple signaling pathways. Experiments have proven that vorinostat induces histone acetylation and cytotoxicity in many cancer cell lines, increases the level of p21 cell cycle proteins, and enhances pro-apoptotic factors while decreasing anti-apoptotic factors. Additionally, it regulates the immune response by up-regulating programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFN-γR1) expression, and can impact proteasome and/or aggresome degradation, endoplasmic reticulum function, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and angiogenesis inhibition. In this study, we sought to elucidate the precise molecular mechanism by which Vorinostat inhibits HDACs. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could improve our understanding of cancer cell abnormalities and provide new therapeutic possibilities for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreddine El Omari
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2424, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Jack Bee Chook
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, 10106, Morocco
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Siragusa G, Brandi J, Rawling T, Murray M, Cecconi D. Triphenylphosphonium-Conjugated Palmitic Acid for Mitochondrial Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer Cells: Proteomic and Molecular Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6790. [PMID: 38928494 PMCID: PMC11203427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)'s resistance to therapies is mainly attributed to pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs). Mitochondria-impairing agents can be used to hamper PCSC propagation and reduce PDAC progression. Therefore, to develop an efficient vector for delivering drugs to the mitochondria, we synthesized tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphonium-conjugated palmitic acid. Triphenylphosphonium (TPP) is a lipophilic cationic moiety that promotes the accumulation of conjugated agents in the mitochondrion. Palmitic acid (PA), the most common saturated fatty acid, has pro-apoptotic activity in different types of cancer cells. TPP-PA was prepared by the reaction of 16-bromopalmitic acid with TPP, and its structure was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and HRMS. We compared the proteomes of TPP-PA-treated and untreated PDAC cells and PCSCs, identifying dysregulated proteins and pathways. Furthermore, assessments of mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ROS, cardiolipin content and lipid peroxidation, ER stress, and autophagy markers provided information on the mechanism of action of TPP-PA. The findings showed that TPP-PA reduces PDAC cell proliferation through mitochondrial disruption that leads to increased ROS, activation of ER stress, and autophagy. Hence, TPP-PA might offer a new approach for eliminating both the primary population of cancer cells and PCSCs, which highlights the promise of TPP-derived compounds as anticancer agents for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Siragusa
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Jessica Brandi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Michael Murray
- Molecular Drug Development Group, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (G.S.); (J.B.)
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Li J, Li ZP, Xu SS, Wang W. Unraveling the biological link between diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer: Insights and implications. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1367-1373. [PMID: 38983816 PMCID: PMC11229951 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This article is a comprehensive study based on research on the connection between diabetes mellitus (DM) and prostate cancer (PCa). It investigates the potential role of DM as an independent risk factor for PCa, delving into the biological links, including insulin resistance and hormonal changes. The paper critically analyzes previous studies that have shown varying results and introduces mendelian randomization as a method for establishing causality. It emphasizes the importance of early DM screening and lifestyle modifications in preventing PCa, and proposes future research directions for further under-standing the DM - PCa relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Li
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Si-Si Xu
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
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10
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Wei G, Chen X, Ruan T, Ma X, Zhu X, Wen W, He D, Tao K, Wu C. Human gastric cancer progression and stabilization of ATG2B through RNF5 binding facilitated by autophagy-associated CircDHX8. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:410. [PMID: 38866787 PMCID: PMC11169566 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The role of circDHX8 in the interplay between autophagy and gastric cancer (GC) progression remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the role of hsa_circ_003899 (circDHX8) in the malignancy of GC. Differential expression of circRNAs between GC and normal tissues was determined using circle-seq and microarray datasets (GSE83521). These circRNAs were validated using qPCR and Sanger sequencing. The function of circDHX8 was investigated through interference with circDHX8 expression experiments using in vitro and in vivo functional assays. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy were used to establish whether circDHX8 promoted autophagy in GC cells. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the circDHX8-mediated regulation of autophagy, we performed bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry (MS), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and other western Blot related experiments. Hsa_circ_0003899 (circDHX8) was identified as upregulated and shown to enhance the malignant progression in GC cells by promoting cellular autophagy. Mechanistically, circDHX8 increased ATG2B protein levels by preventing ubiquitin-mediated degradation, thereby facilitating cell proliferation and invasion in GC. Additionally, circDHX8 directly interacts with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF5, inhibiting the RNF5-mediated degradation of ATG2B. Concurrently, ATG2B, an acetylated protein, is subjected to SIRT1-mediated deacetylation, enhancing its binding to RNF5. Consequently, we established a novel mechanism for the role of circDHX8 in the malignant progression of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxin Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tuo Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xianxiong Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiuxian Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenhao Wen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Danzeng He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chuanqing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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11
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Su J, Wang DS, Hu GX, Liu YY, Hu M, Chen Y, Wang QQ, Yan RC, Wu Y, Li YJ, Ma K, Qi YY, Ding LF, Wu XD. Anti-pancreatic cancer activity of cassane diterpenoids isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia sappan mediated by autophagy activation via ROS/AMPK/mTORC1 pathway. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 222:114105. [PMID: 38657886 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Three undescribed cassane diterpenoids, caesalpanins D-F (1-3), and seven known ones were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia sappan. Structures and absolute configurations of 1-3 were elucidated based on the extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and ECD calculations. Structurally, compound 1 was the first example of 18-norcassane diterpenoid and 2 was a rare 20-norcassane diterpenoid having an unusual five-membered oxygen bridge between C-10/C-18. The anti-proliferative activity of 1, 3, and 4-10 against PANC-1 cells (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line) was evaluated, and phanginin H (4) was found to exhibit anti-cancer activity with IC50 value of 18.13 ± 0.63 μM. Compound 4 inhibited PANC-1 cell growth by arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase via regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases, and the self-renewal and metastasis of PANC-1 cells by suppressing cancer cell stemness. Furthermore, compound 4 induced ROS generation and subsequently activated autophagy, which was demonstrated by the formation of autophagic vacuoles and dynamic change of autophagic flux. The induced ROS accumulation resulted in AMPK activation and subsequently regulation of mTORC1 activity and ULK phosphorylation, indicating that 4 triggered autophagy through ROS/AMPK/mTORC1 pathway. These findings suggested that 4 might potentially be an autophagy inducer for the therapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - De-Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Guo-Xian Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Yu-Yao Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Ming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China
| | - Ya Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Qi-Qi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Run-Cheng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China
| | - Yun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China
| | - Yong-Jiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China
| | - Ke Ma
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650011, PR China
| | - Yan-Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China.
| | - Lin-Fen Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, PR China; College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, PR China.
| | - Xing-De Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, PR China.
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12
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Nonoyama K, Matsuo Y, Sugita S, Eguchi Y, Denda Y, Murase H, Kato T, Imafuji H, Saito K, Morimoto M, Ogawa R, Takahashi H, Mitsui A, Kimura M, Takiguchi S. Expression of ZKSCAN3 protein suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer through autophagy. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1964-1978. [PMID: 38671550 PMCID: PMC11145104 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Elevated autophagy activity enhances the malignancy of pancreatic cancer (PaCa), and autophagy is recognized as a novel therapeutic target. Zinc finger protein with KRAB and SCAN domains 3 (ZKSCAN3) is a transcription factor that suppresses autophagy, but its association with PaCa is unknown. We analyzed the function of ZKSCAN3 in PaCa and investigated whether autophagy regulation through ZKSCAN3 could become a new therapeutic target for PaCa. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, we observed that ZKSCAN3 expression was upregulated in several PaCa cell lines compared with normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. Additionally, comparing ZKSCAN3 expression with the prognosis of PaCa patients using web databases, we found that higher ZKSCAN3 expression in PaCa was associated with extended overall survival. Knocking down ZKSCAN3 promoted the proliferation of PaCa cells. Moreover, following ZKSCAN3 knockdown, PaCa cells exhibited significantly enhanced migratory and invasive properties. Conversely, overexpression of ZKSCAN3 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of PaCa cells. Additionally, the knockdown of ZKSCAN3 increased the expression of LC3-II, a marker of autophagy, whereas ZKSCAN3 overexpression decreased LC3-II expression. In a xenograft mouse model, tumors formed by MIA PaCa-2 cells in which ZKSCAN3 was knocked down significantly increased in size compared with the control group. In conclusion, ZKSCAN3 expression was upregulated in several pancreatic cancer cells. Additionally, it was revealed that ZKSCAN3 is negatively correlated with the malignancy of PaCa through autophagy. These results suggest that autophagy regulation via ZKSCAN3 may be a new therapeutic target for PaCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nonoyama
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Yoichi Matsuo
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Saburo Sugita
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Yuki Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Yuki Denda
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Hiromichi Murase
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Tomokatsu Kato
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Imafuji
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Kenta Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Mamoru Morimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Ryo Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Akira Mitsui
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaAichiJapan
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13
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Zhang X, Dong Y, Li W, He M, Shi Y, Han S, Li L, Zhao J, Li L, Huo J, Liu X, Ji Y, Liu Q, Wang C. The mechanism by which SIRT1 regulates autophagy and EMT in drug-resistant oesophageal cancer cells. Life Sci 2024; 343:122530. [PMID: 38401628 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cell resistance presents a significant clinical challenge. The mechanisms underlying drug resistance in cancer cells are intricate and remain incompletely understood. Notably, tumor cell resistance often coincides with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we observed an elevation in autophagy levels following the development of drug resistance in oesophageal cancer cells. Inhibition of autophagy led to a reduction in drug-resistant cell migration and the inhibition of EMT. Furthermore, we identified an upregulation of SIRT1 expression in drug-resistant oesophageal cancer cells. Subsequent inhibition of SIRT1 expression in drug-resistant cells resulted in the suppression of autophagy levels, migration ability, and the EMT process. Our additional investigations revealed that a SIRT1 inhibitor effectively curbed tumor growth in human oesophageal cancer xenograft model mice (TE-1, TE-1/PTX) without evident toxic effects. This mechanism appears to be associated with the autophagy levels within the tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Yalong Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Wenbo Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Mingjing He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Yangyang Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Shuhua Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Jinzhu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Leilei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Junfeng Huo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Yanting Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.
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14
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Tan P, Cai S, Huang Z, Li M, Liu S, Chen J, Fu W, Zhao L. E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW11 as a novel inflammatory biomarker is associated with immune infiltration and NF-κB pathway activation in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111033. [PMID: 38182068 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PDAC) is an aggressive disease with an overall poor prognosis. Pancreatitis is a major risk factor for the development of PDAC. Due to the lack of reliable and accurate biomarkers, the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PDAC face great challenges. It is of great significance to elucidate the pathogenesis of PDAC and explore novel inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS We identified E3 ubiquitin ligases associated with pancreatic inflammation by combining multiple GEO datasets and UbiNet 2.0, and integrating the WGCNA algorithm and Limma R package. A risk score model for PDAC patients was established by using LASSO regression. We investigated the correlation between FBXW11 and immune cell infiltration using CIBERSORT, mMCP-counter, ImmuCellAI-mouse, QUANTISEQ, and TIMER algorithms, based on GEO, ArrayExpress, and TCGA datasets. We used Ubibrowser 2.0 to predict potential substrates for FBXW11. WikiPathway, MSigDB Hallmark, and Elsevier pathway analysis of FBXW11 key substrates were also performed using the EnrichR database. We detected protein expression through IHC, immunofluorescence, and western blot in the cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis mouse model. RESULTS We first identified that FBXW11 exhibited a clear tendency to gradually increase in normal, pancreatitis, and PDAC patients. The validation analysis revealed that the FBXW11 protein exhibited significantly high expression in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis mice, with its distribution primarily observed in the cytoplasm. Simultaneously, we developed a risk model utilizing the genes associated with FBXW11 to forecast the outcome of patients with PDAC and the likelihood of pancreatitis advancing to pancreatic cancer. Functional analysis showed that FBXW11, as a novel inflammatory biomarker, had a significant positive correlation with macrophage infiltration and the NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, the western blot assay of the NF-κB signaling pathway in pancreatic tissues demonstrated that high activation of NF-κB was correlated with high expression of FBXW11. CONCLUSIONS Our research not only provides evidence for FBXW11 as a novel inflammatory biomarker but also provides new insights into the research and clinical treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710000, China; Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shenglu Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jiatong Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wenguang Fu
- Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.; Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lingyu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710000, China.
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15
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Biswas U, Roy R, Ghosh S, Chakrabarti G. The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis: its implication in lung cancer and therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2024; 585:216662. [PMID: 38309614 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining cellular homeostasis relies on the interplay between apoptosis and autophagy, and disruption in either of these processes can contribute to the development of cancer. Autophagy can hinder the apoptotic process, and when autophagy is inhibited in such instances, it can enhance the rate of apoptosis. However, evidence suggests that excessive autophagy can also lead to apoptotic cell death. Also, excess autophagy can cause excessive digestion of cellular organelles, causing autophagic cell death. Targeting autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common form of lung cancer, can be very tricky due to the dual nature of autophagy. According to genetic analysis, various mutations in p53 and EGFR, G:C to A:T transversions seem responsible for the development of lung cancer in smokers and non-smokers. These events trigger cytoprotective autophagy or induce apoptotic cell death through different but interconnected signalling pathways. Lung cancer being the leading cause of death worldwide, calls for more attention to disease prognosis and new therapeutics in the market. However, molecules responsible for autophagy to apoptosis transition are yet to be studied elaborately. Also, the role of effector caspases during this shift needs to be elucidated in future. To comprehend how therapeutics operate through the modulation of autophagy and apoptosis and to target such pathways, it is crucial to emphasize these intricate connections. Many therapeutics discussed in this review targeting both apoptosis and autophagy have shown promising results in vitro and in vivo, however, few have crossed the hurdles of clinical trial. Nevertheless, the quest for safer and better efficacious agents is still alive, with the sole aim to develop novel cancer chemotherapeutic(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmita Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Swarnasree Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Gopal Chakrabarti
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B. C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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16
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Cheng C, Hu J, Mannan R, Bhattacharyya R, Rossiter NJ, Magnuson B, Wisniewski JP, Zheng Y, Xiao L, Li C, Awad D, He T, Bao Y, Zhang Y, Cao X, Wang Z, Mehra R, Morlacchi P, Sahai V, di Magliano MP, Shah YM, Ding K, Qiao Y, Lyssiotis CA, Chinnaiyan AM. Targeting PIKfyve-driven lipid homeostasis as a metabolic vulnerability in pancreatic cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585580. [PMID: 38562800 PMCID: PMC10983929 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) subsists in a nutrient-deregulated microenvironment, making it particularly susceptible to treatments that interfere with cancer metabolism12. For example, PDAC utilizes and is dependent on high levels of autophagy and other lysosomal processes3-5. Although targeting these pathways has shown potential in preclinical studies, progress has been hampered by the challenge of identifying and characterizing favorable targets for drug development6. Here, we characterize PIKfyve, a lipid kinase integral to lysosomal functioning7, as a novel and targetable vulnerability in PDAC. In human patient and murine PDAC samples, we discovered that PIKFYVE is overexpressed in PDAC cells compared to adjacent normal cells. Employing a genetically engineered mouse model, we established the essential role of PIKfyve in PDAC progression. Further, through comprehensive metabolic analyses, we found that PIKfyve inhibition obligated PDAC to upregulate de novo lipid synthesis, a relationship previously undescribed. PIKfyve inhibition triggered a distinct lipogenic gene expression and metabolic program, creating a dependency on de novo lipid metabolism pathways, by upregulating genes such as FASN and ACACA. In PDAC, the KRAS-MAPK signaling pathway is a primary driver of de novo lipid synthesis, specifically enhancing FASN and ACACA levels. Accordingly, the simultaneous targeting of PIKfyve and KRAS-MAPK resulted in the elimination of tumor burden in a syngeneic orthotopic model and tumor regression in a xenograft model of PDAC. Taken together, these studies suggest that disrupting lipid metabolism through PIKfyve inhibition induces synthetic lethality in conjunction with KRAS-MAPK-directed therapies for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Cheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jing Hu
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PRC
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rupam Bhattacharyya
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas J Rossiter
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian Magnuson
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jasmine P Wisniewski
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yang Zheng
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lanbo Xiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chungen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PRC
| | - Dominik Awad
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tongchen He
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PRC
| | - Yi Bao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xuhong Cao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PRC
| | - Rohit Mehra
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Vaibhav Sahai
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ke Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PRC
| | - Yuanyuan Qiao
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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17
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Huang YK, Cheng WC, Kuo TT, Yang JC, Wu YC, Wu HH, Lo CC, Hsieh CY, Wong SC, Lu CH, Wu WL, Liu SJ, Li YC, Lin CC, Shen CN, Hung MC, Lin JT, Yeh CC, Sher YP. Inhibition of ADAM9 promotes the selective degradation of KRAS and sensitizes pancreatic cancers to chemotherapy. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:400-419. [PMID: 38267627 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) signaling drives pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) malignancy, which is an unmet clinical need. Here, we identify a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain (ADAM)9 as a modulator of PDAC progression via stabilization of wild-type and mutant KRAS proteins. Mechanistically, ADAM9 loss increases the interaction of KRAS with plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), which functions as a selective autophagy receptor in conjunction with light chain 3 (LC3), triggering lysosomal degradation of KRAS. Suppression of ADAM9 by a small-molecule inhibitor restricts disease progression in spontaneous models, and combination with gemcitabine elicits dramatic regression of patient-derived tumors. Our findings provide a promising strategy to target the KRAS signaling cascade and demonstrate a potential modality to enhance sensitivity to chemotherapy in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kai Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Juan-Cheng Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Hsiung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chien Lo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sze-Ching Wong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chan Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Shen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Town Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Pyng Sher
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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18
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Fan M, Huo S, Guo Y, Wang R, Hao W, Zhang Z, Wang L, Zhao Y. UDP-glucose dehydrogenase supports autophagy-deficient PDAC growth via increasing hyaluronic acid biosynthesis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113808. [PMID: 38367236 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential degradation and recycling process that maintains cellular homeostasis during stress or nutrient deprivation. However, certain types of tumors such as pancreatic cancers can circumvent autophagy inhibition to sustain growth. The mechanism that autophagy-deficient pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) uses to grow under nutrient deprivation is poorly understood. Our data show that nutrient deprivation in PDAC results in UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH) degradation, which is dependent on autophagic cargo receptor sequestosome 1 (p62). Moreover, we demonstrate that accumulated UGDH is indispensable for autophagy-deficient PDAC cells proliferation by promoting hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis upon energy deprivation. Using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC, we find that inhibition of HA synthesis by targeting UGDH in PDAC reduces tumor weight. Thus, the combined inhibition of HA and autophagy might be an attractive strategy for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sihan Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyao Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruoxuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenqin Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University International Cancer Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
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19
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Scianò F, Terrana F, Pecoraro C, Parrino B, Cascioferro S, Diana P, Giovannetti E, Carbone D. Exploring the therapeutic potential of focal adhesion kinase inhibition in overcoming chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:271-289. [PMID: 38269431 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase often overexpressed in PDAC. FAK has been linked to cell migration, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis and adhesion. This review first highlights the chemoresistant nature of PDAC. Second, the role of FAK in PDAC cancer progression and resistance is carefully described. Additionally, it discusses recent developments of FAK inhibitors as valuable drugs in the treatment of PDAC, with a focus on diamine-substituted-2,4-pyrimidine-based compounds, which represent the most potent class of FAK inhibitors in clinical trials for the treatment of PDAC disease. To conclude, relevant computational studies performed on FAK inhibitors are reported to highlight the key structural features required for interaction with the protein, with the aim of optimizing this novel targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Scianò
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Francesca Terrana
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc) De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, Via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, San Giuliano Terme, Pisa, 56017, Italy
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo, 90123, Italy
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20
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Qiu Z, He S, Lu B, Sun Y, Zhang T, Lv W, Shen D. The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF135 modulates chemotherapy resistance to oxaliplatin for colorectal cancer by modulating autophagy. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102282. [PMID: 38056362 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RING finger protein 135 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and is associated with drug resistance. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis showed that RNF135 was significantly differentially expressed in colorectal cancer. RT-qPCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of RNF135. Immunohistochemical analysis were used to measure the expression of RNF135 and Ki-67. RESULTS The expression of RNF135 was up-regulated in human tissue samples and colorectal cancer and was positively correlated with Ki-67. Compared with oxaliplatin sensitive patients, RNF135 expression levels were higher in the tissue of resistant patients. The regulatory effect of RNF135 on colorectal cancer cells was further investigated in vitro. Therefore, inhibition of autophagy by down-regulating RNF135 can partially increase its susceptibility to oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Hongze People's Hospital, 102 Dongfeng Road, Hongze 223100, China
| | - Shuyan He
- Department of Tumor Center, Affiliated Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Boyi Lu
- Department of Tumor Center, Affiliated Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Yuejun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, China.
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Tumor Center, Affiliated Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, China.
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21
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Yaribeygi H, Maleki M, Santos RD, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Glp-1 Mimetics and Autophagy in Diabetic Milieu: State-of-the-Art. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e250124226181. [PMID: 38299271 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998276570231222105959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The diabetic milieu is associated with cascades of pathophysiological pathways that culminate in diabetic complications and tissue injuries. Autophagy is an essential process mandatory for cell survival and tissue homeostasis by degrading damaged organelles and removing injured cells. However, it may turn into a pathological process in an aberrant mode in the diabetic and/or malignant milieu. Moreover, autophagy could serve as a promising therapeutic target for many complications related to tissue injury. Glp-1 mimetics are a class of newer antidiabetic agents that reduce blood glucose through several pathways. However, some evidence suggests that they can provide extra glycemic benefits by modulating autophagy, although there is no complete understanding of this mechanism and its underlying molecular pathways. Hence, in the current review, we aimed to provide new insights on the possible impact of Glp-1 mimetics on autophagy and consequent benefits as well as mediating pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mina Maleki
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raul D Santos
- Lipid Clinic Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo, Medical School Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicolgy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Medical Toxicolgy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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22
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Hung CS, Lee KL, Huang WJ, Su FH, Liang YC. Pan-Inhibition of Protein Disulfide Isomerase Caused Cell Death through Disrupting Cellular Proteostasis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16467. [PMID: 38003657 PMCID: PMC10671009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family is a group of thioredoxin endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident enzymes and molecular chaperones that play crucial roles in the correct folding of proteins. PDIs are upregulated in multiple cancer types and are considered a novel target for cancer therapy. In this study, we found that a potent pan-PDI inhibitor, E64FC26, significantly decreased the proliferation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. As expected, E64FC26 treatment increased ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR), as evidenced by upregulation of glucose-regulated protein, 78-kDa (GRP78), phosphorylated (p)-PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), and p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). Persistent ER stress was found to lead to apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, all of which are dependent on lysosomal functions. First, there was little cleaved caspase-3 in E64FC26-treated cells according to Western blotting, but a higher dose of E64FC26 was needed to induce caspase activity. Then, E64FC26-induced cell death could be reversed by adding the iron chelator, deferoxamine, and the reactive oxygen species scavengers, ferrostatin-1 and N-acetylcysteine. Furthermore, the autophagosome-specific marker, light chain 3B (LC3B)-II, increased, but the autolysosome marker, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62, was not degraded in E64FC26-treated cells. Using the FUW mCherry-LC3 plasmid and acridine orange staining, we also discovered a lower number of acidic vesicles, such as autolysosomes and mature lysosomes, in E64FC26-treated cells. Finally, E64FC26 treatment increased the cathepsin L precursor (pre-CTSL) but decreased mature CTSL expression according to Western blotting, indicating a defective lysosome. These results suggested that the PDI inhibitor, E64FC26, might initially impede proper folding of proteins, and then induce ER stress and disrupt proteostasis, subsequently leading to lysosomal defects. Due to defective lysosomes, the extents of apoptosis and ferroptosis were limited, and fusion with autophagosomes was blocked in E64FC26-treated cells. Blockade of autolysosomal formation further led to the autophagic cell death of PDAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Sheng Hung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan;
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Kun-Lin Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fang-He Su
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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23
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Shi X, Ding H, Tao J, Zhu Y, Zhang X, He G, Yang J, Wu X, Liu X, Yu X. Comprehensive evaluation of cell death-related genes as novel diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21341. [PMID: 38027811 PMCID: PMC10643282 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BRCA) ranks first among cancers in terms of incidence and mortality rates in women, primarily owing to metastasis, chemo-resistance, and heterogeneity. To predict long-term prognosis and design novel therapies for BRCA, more sensitive markers need to be explored. Methods Data from 1089 BRCA patients were downloaded from TCGA database. Pearson's correlation analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the role of cell death-related genes (CDGs) in predicting BRCA prognosis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated to compare the overall survival in the two subgroups. A nomogram was constructed using risk scores based on the five CDGs and other clinicopathological features. CCK-8, EdU incorporation, and colony formation assays were performed to verify the inhibitory effect of NFKBIA on BRCA cell proliferation. Transwell assay, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to ascertain the biological function of NFKBIA. Results Five differentially expressed CDGs were detected among 156 CDGs. The risk score for each patient was then calculated based on the expression levels of the five CDGs. Distinct differences in immune infiltration, expression of immune-oncological targets, mutation status, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of some targeted drugs were observed between the high- and low-risk groups. Finally, in vitro cell experiments verified that NFKBIA overexpression suppresses the proliferation and migration of BRCA cells. Conclusions Our study revealed that some CDGs, especially NFKBIA, could serve as sensitive markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with BRCA and designing more personalized clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Shi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of Breast Surgery, Baoying Maternal and Child Health Hospital, 120 Anyi East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225800, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Thyroid-Breast Surgery, Nanjing Pukou Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 18 Puyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao He
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhe Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiafei Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
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24
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Chen J, Rodriguez AS, Morales MA, Fang X. Autophagy Modulation and Its Implications on Glioblastoma Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8687-8703. [PMID: 37998723 PMCID: PMC10670099 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a vital cellular process that functions to degrade and recycle damaged organelles into basic metabolites. This allows a cell to adapt to a diverse range of challenging conditions. Autophagy assists in maintaining homeostasis, and it is tightly regulated by the cell. The disruption of autophagy has been associated with many diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. This review will center its discussion on providing an in-depth analysis of the current molecular understanding of autophagy and its relevance to brain tumors. We will delve into the current literature regarding the role of autophagy in glioma pathogenesis by exploring the major pathways of JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR and summarizing the current therapeutic interventions and strategies for glioma treatment. These treatments will be evaluated on their potential for autophagy induction and the challenges associated with their utilization. By understanding the mechanism of autophagy, clinical applications for future therapeutics in treating gliomas can be better targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Andrea Salinas Rodriguez
- Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Maximiliano Arath Morales
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
| | - Xiaoqian Fang
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA;
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25
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de Jesus VHF, Mathias-Machado MC, de Farias JPF, Aruquipa MPS, Jácome AA, Peixoto RD. Targeting KRAS in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: The Long Road to Cure. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5015. [PMID: 37894382 PMCID: PMC10605759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains an important cause of cancer-related mortality, and it is expected to play an even bigger part in cancer burden in the years to come. Despite concerted efforts from scientists and physicians, patients have experienced little improvement in survival over the past decades, possibly because of the non-specific nature of the tested treatment modalities. Recently, the discovery of potentially targetable molecular alterations has paved the way for the personalized treatment of PDAC. Indeed, the central piece in the molecular framework of PDAC is starting to be unveiled. KRAS mutations are seen in 90% of PDACs, and multiple studies have demonstrated their pivotal role in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Recent investigations have shed light on the differences in prognosis as well as therapeutic implications of the different KRAS mutations and disentangled the relationship between KRAS and effectors of downstream and parallel signaling pathways. Additionally, the recognition of other mechanisms involving KRAS-mediated pathogenesis, such as KRAS dosing and allelic imbalance, has contributed to broadening the current knowledge regarding this molecular alteration. Finally, KRAS G12C inhibitors have been recently tested in patients with pancreatic cancer with relative success, and inhibitors of KRAS harboring other mutations are under clinical development. These drugs currently represent a true hope for a meaningful leap forward in this dreadful disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alexandre A. Jácome
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclínicas, Belo Horizonte 30360-680, Brazil
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Liang J, Cai H, Hou C, Song F, Jiang Y, Wang Z, Qiu D, Zhu Y, Wang F, Yu D, Hou J. METTL14 inhibits malignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting the autophagy-related gene RB1CC1 in an m6A-IGF2BP2-dependent manner. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1373-1389. [PMID: 37615536 PMCID: PMC10500204 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis and autophagy. However, the underlying mechanisms mediated by m6A and autophagy in the malignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. In the present study, we revealed that down-regulated expression of METTL14 was correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and poor prognosis in OSCC. METTL14 knockdown significantly inhibited autophagy and facilitated malignant progression in vitro, and promoted tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. A cell model of rapamycin-induced autophagy was established to identify RB1CC1 as a potential target gene involved in m6A-regulated autophagy in OSCC, through RNA sequencing and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (meRIP-seq) analysis. Mechanistically, we confirmed that METTL14 posttranscriptionally enhanced RB1CC1 expression in an m6A-IGF2BP2-dependent manner, thereby affecting autophagy and progression in OSCC, through methylated RNA immunoprecipitation qRT-PCR (meRIP-qPCR), RNA stability assays, mutagenesis assays and dual-luciferase reporter. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that METTL14 serves as an OSCC suppressor by regulating the autophagy-related gene RB1CC1 through m6A modification, which may provide a new insight for the diagnosis and therapy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Liang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Hongshi Cai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Fan Song
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yaoqi Jiang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Danqi Qiu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Jinsong Hou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
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De Grandis MC, Ascenti V, Lanza C, Di Paolo G, Galassi B, Ierardi AM, Carrafiello G, Facciorusso A, Ghidini M. Locoregional Therapies and Remodeling of Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12681. [PMID: 37628865 PMCID: PMC10454061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances made in treatment, the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains dismal, even in the locoregional and locally advanced stages, with high relapse rates after surgery. PDAC exhibits a chemoresistant and immunosuppressive phenotype, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) surrounding cancer cells actively participates in creating a stromal barrier to chemotherapy and an immunosuppressive environment. Recently, there has been an increasing use of interventional radiology techniques for the treatment of PDAC, although they do not represent a standard of care and are not included in clinical guidelines. Local approaches such as radiation therapy, hyperthermia, microwave or radiofrequency ablation, irreversible electroporation and high-intensity focused ultrasound exert their action on the tumor tissue, altering the composition and structure of TME and potentially enhancing the action of chemotherapy. Moreover, their action can increase antigen release and presentation with T-cell activation and reduction tumor-induced immune suppression. This review summarizes the current evidence on locoregional therapies in PDAC and their effect on remodeling TME to make it more susceptible to the action of antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Velio Ascenti
- Postgraduate School of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.A.); (C.L.)
| | - Carolina Lanza
- Postgraduate School of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (V.A.); (C.L.)
| | - Giacomo Di Paolo
- Oncology Unit 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (M.C.D.G.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Barbara Galassi
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Anna Maria Ierardi
- Radiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.M.I.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianpaolo Carrafiello
- Radiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.M.I.); (G.C.)
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (B.G.); (M.G.)
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Hong H, Luo B, Xie Z, Li M, Xu Q, He Z, Peng Z. Retracted: Britannin mediates apoptosis and glycolysis of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma cells by AMPK-dependent autophagy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23211. [PMID: 36120848 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The above article, published online on 19 September 2022 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jbt.23211), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Hari Bhat, and Wiley Periodicals, LLC. The article is being retracted at the authors' request because some of the data underlying this article refer to a different cell line from the one reported in it. As a result, the article's conclusions do not accurately reflect the full data and cannot be considered reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Hong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zucheng Xie
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Meiwei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingyuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhendong He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Peng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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29
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Henderson EA, Lukomski S, Boone BA. Emerging applications of cancer bacteriotherapy towards treatment of pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1217095. [PMID: 37588093 PMCID: PMC10425600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1217095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive form of cancer with a five-year survival rate of only ten percent. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for ninety percent of those cases. PDAC is associated with a dense stroma that confers resistance to current treatment modalities. Increasing resistance to cancer treatments poses a challenge and a need for alternative therapies. Bacterial mediated cancer therapies were proposed in the late 1800s by Dr. William Coley when he injected osteosarcoma patients with live streptococci or a fabrication of heat-killed Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens known as Coley's toxin. Since then, several bacteria have gained recognition for possible roles in potentiating treatment response, enhancing anti-tumor immunity, and alleviating adverse effects to standard treatment options. This review highlights key bacterial mechanisms and structures that promote anti-tumor immunity, challenges and risks associated with bacterial mediated cancer therapies, and applications and opportunities for use in PDAC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Henderson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Slawomir Lukomski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- West Virginia Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Brian A. Boone
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- West Virginia Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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30
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Dalmasso B, Ghiorzo P. Long Non-Coding RNAs and Metabolic Rewiring in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3486. [PMID: 37444595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. The reprogramming of energetic metabolism has long been implicated in pancreatic tumorigenesis and/or resistance to treatment. Considering that long non-coding RNA dysregulation has been described both in cancerogenesis and in the altered homeostasis of several metabolic pathways, metabolism-associated lncRNAs can contribute to pancreatic cancer evolution. The objective of this review is to assess the burden of lncRNA dysregulation in pancreatic cancer metabolic reprogramming, and its effect on this tumor's natural course and response to treatment. Therefore, we reviewed the available literature to assess whether metabolism-associated lncRNAs have been found to be differentially expressed in pancreatic cancer, as well as whether experimental evidence of their role in such pathways can be demonstrated. Specifically, we provide a comprehensive overview of lncRNAs that are implicated in hypoxia-related pathways, as well as in the reprogramming of autophagy, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Our review gathers background material for further research on possible applications of metabolism-associated lncRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and/or as potential therapeutic targets in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Dalmasso
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Xu LS, Zheng SX, Mei LH, Yang KX, Wang YF, Zhou Q, Kong XT, Zheng MY, Jiang HL, Xie CY. 143D, a novel selective KRAS G12C inhibitor exhibits potent antitumor activity in preclinical models. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1475-1486. [PMID: 36725884 PMCID: PMC10310808 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The KRASG12C mutant has emerged as an important therapeutic target in recent years. Covalent inhibitors have shown promising antitumor activity against KRASG12C-mutant cancers in the clinic. In this study, a structure-based and focused chemical library analysis was performed, which led to the identification of 143D as a novel, highly potent and selective KRASG12C inhibitor. The antitumor efficacy of 143D in vitro and in vivo was comparable with that of AMG510 and of MRTX849, two well-characterized KRASG12C inhibitors. At low nanomolar concentrations, 143D showed biochemical and cellular potency for inhibiting the effects of the KRASG12C mutation. 143D selectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by downregulating KRASG12C-dependent signal transduction. Compared with MRTX849, 143D exhibited a longer half-life and higher maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) values in mouse models, as determined by tissue distribution assays. Additionally, 143D crossed the blood‒brain barrier. Treatment with 143D led to the sustained inhibition of KRAS signaling and tumor regression in KRASG12C-mutant tumors. Moreover, 143D combined with EGFR/MEK/ERK signaling inhibitors showed enhanced antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings indicate that 143D may be a promising drug candidate with favorable pharmaceutical properties for the treatment of cancers harboring the KRASG12C mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Song Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Su-Xin Zheng
- Suzhou AlphaMa Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liang-He Mei
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ke-Xin Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ya-Fang Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Suzhou Institute of Drug Innovation, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiang-Tai Kong
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ming-Yue Zheng
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Hua-Liang Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Cheng-Ying Xie
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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AbdulHussein AH, Al-Taee MM, Radih ZA, Aljuboory DS, Mohammed ZQ, Hashesh TS, Riadi Y, Hadrawi SK, Najafi M. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by triptolide. Biofactors 2023; 49:718-735. [PMID: 36876465 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a hot topic issue in cancer research and therapy. Although cancer therapy including radiotherapy and anti-cancer drugs can kill malignant cells within the tumor, cancer cells can develop a wide range of mechanisms to resist the toxic effects of anti-cancer agents. Cancer cells may provide some mechanisms to resist oxidative stress and escape from apoptosis and attack by the immune system. Furthermore, cancer cells may resist senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagic cell death by modulating several critical genes. The development of these mechanisms leads to resistance to anti-cancer drugs and also radiotherapy. Resistance to therapy can increase mortality and reduce survival following cancer therapy. Thus, overcoming mechanisms of resistance to cell death in malignant cells can facilitate tumor elimination and increase the efficiency of anti-cancer therapy. Natural-derived molecules are intriguing agents that may be suggested to be used as an adjuvant in combination with other anticancer drugs or radiotherapy to sensitize cancer cells to therapy with at least side effects. This paper aims to review the potential of triptolide for inducing various types of cell death in cancer cells. We review the induction or resistance to different cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis following the administration of triptolide. We also review the safety and future perspectives for triptolide and its derivatives in experimental and human studies. The anticancer potential of triptolide and its derivatives may make them effective adjuvants for enhancing tumor suppression in combination with anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salema K Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Geerinckx B, Teuwen LA, Foo T, Vandamme T, Smith A, Peeters M, Price T. Novel therapeutic strategies in pancreatic cancer: moving beyond cytotoxic chemotherapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:1237-1249. [PMID: 37842857 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2270161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prognosis of patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) remains disappointing with a 5-year overall survival of only 3-5%. Compared to other cancers, the evolution in standard therapeutic options has been stagnant and polychemotherapy regimens (with well-known toxicity profile and resistance pattern) remain standard of care. Only for patients (5%-7%) with a breast cancer gene (BRCA) pathogenic germline variant, prognosis has improved by the use of olaparib (poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor). AREAS COVERED This review covers emerging treatment strategies in the management of mPDAC. One of the main topics is the rigid and immunological cold tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC and the search for agents that impact this TME and/or engage the immune system. In addition, the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has elicited for some patients new targeted therapies directed at alterations in the RTK/RAS/MAPK pathway and the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage repair pathway. Other evolving treatment strategies are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION The search for new, often combination, treatment strategies for mPDAC should be encouraged and implemented in early treatment lines given the significant decline of performance status of patients in later lines. NGS analysis should be used where available, although cost-effectiveness could be debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Geerinckx
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia
- Department of Oncology and Multidisciplinary Oncological Center of Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Laure-Anne Teuwen
- Department of Oncology and Multidisciplinary Oncological Center of Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Tiffany Foo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia
| | - Timon Vandamme
- Department of Oncology and Multidisciplinary Oncological Center of Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Annabel Smith
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia
| | - Marc Peeters
- Department of Oncology and Multidisciplinary Oncological Center of Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Timothy Price
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Liu X, Liu L, Wang X, Jin Y, Wang S, Xie Q, Jin Y, Zhang M, Liu Y, Li J, Wang Z, Fu X, Jin CY. Necroptosis inhibits autophagy by regulating the formation of RIP3/p62/Keap1 complex in shikonin-induced ROS dependent cell death of human bladder cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154943. [PMID: 37421765 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin, a natural naphthoquinone compound, has a wide range of pharmacological effects, but its anti-tumor effect and underlying mechanisms in bladder cancer remain unclear. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the role of shikonin in bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo in order to broaden the scope of shikonin's clinical application. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We performed MTT and colony formation to detect the inhibiting effect of shikonin on bladder cancer cells. ROS staining and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the accumulation of ROS. Western blotting, siRNA and immunoprecipitation were used to evaluate the effect of necroptosis in bladder cancer cells. Transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence were used to examine the effect of autophagy. Nucleoplasmic separation and other pharmacological experimental methods described were used to explore the Nrf2 signal pathway and the crosstalk with necroptosis and autophagy. We established a subcutaneously implanted tumor model and performed immunohistochemistry assays to study the effects and the underlying mechanisms of shikonin on bladder cancer cells in vivo. RESULTS The results showed that shikonin has a selective inhibitory effect on bladder cancer cells and has no toxicity on normal bladder epithelial cells. Mechanically, shikonin induced necroptosis and impaired autophagic flux via ROS generation. The accumulation of autophagic biomarker p62 elevated p62/Keap1 complex and activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway to fight against ROS. Furthermore, crosstalk between necroptosis and autophagy was present, we found that RIP3 may be involved in autophagosomes and be degraded by autolysosomes. We found for the first time that shikonin-induced activation of RIP3 may disturb the autophagic flux, and inhibiting RIP3 and necroptosis could accelerate the conversion of autophagosome to autolysosome and further activate autophagy. Therefore, on the basis of RIP3/p62/Keap1 complex regulatory system, we further combined shikonin with late autophagy inhibitor(chloroquine) to treat bladder cancer and achieved a better inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION In conclusion, shikonin could induce necroptosis and impaired autophagic flux through RIP3/p62/Keap1 complex regulatory system, necroptosis could inhibit the process of autophagy via RIP3. Combining shikonin with late autophagy inhibitor could further activate necroptosis via disturbing RIP3 degradation in bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Yubin Jin
- The Second Senior High School of Tumen City, Yuegong Street, Tumen, Jilin Province, 137200, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Qin Xie
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Yanhe Jin
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Mengli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Yunhe Liu
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Zhenya Wang
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China
| | - Xiangjing Fu
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China.
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- Department of Microbiology and biochemical pharmacy, College of pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, China.
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Peng N, Kang HH, Feng Y, Minikes AM, Jiang X. Autophagy inhibition signals through senescence to promote tumor suppression. Autophagy 2023; 19:1764-1780. [PMID: 36472478 PMCID: PMC10262760 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2155794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy, a stress-responsive cellular survival mechanism, plays important and context-dependent roles in cancer, and its inhibition has been implicated as a promising cancer therapeutic approach. The detailed mechanisms underlying the function of autophagy in cancer have not been fully understood. In this study, we show that autophagy inhibition promotes both the efficacy of chemotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) and therapy-induced senescence of GBM cells. As a specific cell fate characterized by permanent cell cycle arrest, senescence is also associated with the expression of a panel of specific secreted protein factors known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Intriguingly, we found that autophagy inhibition not only quantitatively enhanced GBM cell senescence but also qualitatively altered the spectrum of SASP. The altered SASP had increased potent activity to induce paracrine senescence of neighboring GBM cells, to skew macrophage polarization toward the anti-tumor M1 state, and to block the recruitment of pro-tumor neutrophils to GBM tumor tissues. Taken together, this study reveals novel functional communication between autophagy and senescence and suggests cancer therapeutic approaches harnessing autophagy blockage in inducing senescence-mediated antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfang Peng
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen H. Kang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander M. Minikes
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- BCMB Allied Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Chen J, Liu Z, Wu Z, Li W, Tan X. Identification of a chemoresistance-related prognostic gene signature by comprehensive analysis and experimental validation in pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1132424. [PMID: 37251940 PMCID: PMC10213255 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1132424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance is a major hurdle to improving the prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). This study aimed to identify key genes regulating chemoresistance and develop a chemoresistance-related gene signature for prognosis prediction. Methods A total of 30 PC cell lines were subtyped according to gemcitabine sensitivity data from the Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP v2). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between gemcitabine-resistant and gemcitabine-sensitive cells were subsequently identified. These upregulated DEGs associated with prognostic values were incorporated to build a LASSO Cox risk model for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. Four datasets (GSE28735, GSE62452, GSE85916, and GSE102238) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used as an external validation cohort. Then, a nomogram was developed based on independent prognostic factors. The responses to multiple anti-PC chemotherapeutics were estimated by the "oncoPredict" method. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was calculated using the "TCGAbiolinks" package. Analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME) was performed using the "IOBR" package, while the TIDE and "easier" algorithms were employed to estimate immunotherapy efficacy. Finally, RT-qPCR, Western blot and CCK-8 assays were conducted to validate the expression and functions of ALDH3B1 and NCEH1. Results A five-gene signature and a predictive nomogram were developed from six prognostic DEGs, including EGFR, MSLN, ERAP2, ALDH3B1, and NCEH1. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses indicated that all five genes were highly expressed in tumor samples. This gene signature was not only an independent prognostic factor but also a biomarker forecasting chemoresistance, TMB, and immune cells. In vitro experiments suggested that ALDH3B1 and NCEH1 were involved in PC progression and gemcitabine chemoresistance. Conclusion This chemoresistance-related gene signature links prognosis with chemoresistance, TMB, and immune features. ALDH3B1 and NCEH1 are two promising targets for treating PC.
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Bhoopathi P, Mannangatti P, Das SK, Fisher PB, Emdad L. Chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Overcoming resistance to therapy. Adv Cancer Res 2023; 159:285-341. [PMID: 37268399 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a prominent cause of cancer deaths worldwide, is a highly aggressive cancer most frequently detected at an advanced stage that limits treatment options to systemic chemotherapy, which has provided only marginal positive clinical outcomes. More than 90% of patients with PDAC die within a year of being diagnosed. PDAC is increasing at a rate of 0.5-1.0% per year, and it is expected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030. The resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs, which can be innate or acquired, is the primary factor contributing to the ineffectiveness of cancer treatments. Although many PDAC patients initially responds to standard of care (SOC) drugs they soon develop resistance caused partly by the substantial cellular heterogeneity seen in PDAC tissue and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are considered key factors contributing to resistance to therapy. A deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in PDAC progression and metastasis development, and the interplay of the TME in all these processes is essential to better comprehend the etiology and pathobiology of chemoresistance observed in PDAC. Recent research has recognized new therapeutic targets ushering in the development of innovative combinatorial therapies as well as enhancing our comprehension of several different cell death pathways. These approaches facilitate the lowering of the therapeutic threshold; however, the possibility of subsequent resistance development still remains a key issue and concern. Discoveries, that can target PDAC resistance, either alone or in combination, have the potential to serve as the foundation for future treatments that are effective without posing undue health risks. In this chapter, we discuss potential causes of PDAC chemoresistance and approaches for combating chemoresistance by targeting different pathways and different cellular functions associated with and mediating resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Bhoopathi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Padmanabhan Mannangatti
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Swadesh K Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Luni Emdad
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Masoudi-Khoram N, Soheilifar MH, Ghorbanifar S, Nobari S, Hakimi M, Hassani M. Exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts mediate response to cancer therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 185:103967. [PMID: 36965647 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the prominent stromal cell population in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which play an indispensable role in cancer progression and response to therapy. CAFs provide communication between tumor cells and surrounding cells by secreting soluble biomolecules and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes are small membrane-bound EVs that contain various cargos, including growth factors, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), cytokines, and chemokines. These biomolecules can be transferred between cells within the TME and alter the behavior of recipient cells. Some studies have shown that exosomes secreted by CAFs contribute to resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review focuses on CAF-derived exosomes in different types of tumors, with emphasis on resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Masoudi-Khoram
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shima Ghorbanifar
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Nobari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Hakimi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hassani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Han J, Yu Y, Li S, Miao R, Cheng W, Wei H. Chemoproteomics reveals arctigenin as a phagophore-closure blocker via targeting ESCRT-I subunit VPS28. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106457. [PMID: 36907049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Arctigenin is the active ingredient of the traditional medicines Arctium lappa and Fructus Arctii and has been extensively investigated for its diverse pharmacological functions, including its novel anti-austerity activity. Although several mechanisms have been proposed, the direct target of arctigenin to induce anti-austerity activity remains unclear. In this study, we designed and synthesized photo-crosslinkable arctigenin probes and utilized them in the chemoproteomic profiling of potential target proteins directly in living cells. Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 (VPS28), a key subunit of the ESCRT-I complex implicated in phagophore closure, was successfully identified. Unexpectedly, we found that arctigenin degraded VPS28 via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. We also demonstrated that arctigenin induces a prominent phagophore closure-blockade phenotype in PANC-1 cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a small molecule acting as a phagophore-closure blocker and a VPS28 degrader. The arctigenin-modulating phagophore closure provides a new druggable target for cancers that rely heavily on autophagy activation and may also be used for other diseases associated with the ESCRT system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Han
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yifang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ruoyang Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Weiyan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Han Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Rd, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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Kim B, Gwak J, Kim M, Yang S, Hwang S, Shin S, Kim JH, Son J, Jeong SM. Suppression of fatty acid oxidation supports pancreatic cancer growth and survival under hypoxic conditions through autophagy induction. Cancer Gene Ther 2023:10.1038/s41417-023-00598-y. [PMID: 36807391 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, one of the key features of solid tumors, induces autophagy, which acts as an important adaptive mechanism for tumor progression under hypoxic environment. Cellular metabolic reprogramming has been correlated with hypoxia, but the molecular connection to the induction of autophagy remains obscure. Here, we show that suppression of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) by hypoxia induces autophagy in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells that is required for their growth and survival. Reduced cellular acetyl-CoA levels caused by FAO inhibition decreases LC3 acetylation, resulting in autophagosome formation. Importantly, PDAC cells are significantly dependent on this metabolic reprogramming, as improving FAO leads to a reduction in hypoxia-induced autophagy and an increase in cell death after chemotherapy. Thus, our study supports that suppression of FAO is an important metabolic response to hypoxia and indicates that targeting this pathway in PDAC may be an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungjoo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Jihye Gwak
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Minjoong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Seungyeon Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Sunsook Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Seungmin Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jaekyoung Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Seung Min Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
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Perturbation of Autophagy by a Beclin 1-Targeting Stapled Peptide Induces Mitochondria Stress and Inhibits Proliferation of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030953. [PMID: 36765914 PMCID: PMC9913477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, with a dismal five-year survival rate of less than 10%. PDAC possesses prominent genetic alterations in the oncogene KRAS and tumor suppressors p53, SMAD4 and CDKN2A. However, efforts to develop targeted drugs against these molecules have not been successful, and novel therapeutic modalities for PDAC treatment are urgently needed. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved self-degradative process that turns over intracellular components in a lysosome-dependent manner. The role of autophagy in PDAC is complicated and context-dependent. Elevated basal autophagy activity has been detected in multiple human PDAC cell lines and primary tumors resected from patients. However, clinical trials using chloroquine (CQ) to inhibit autophagy failed to show therapeutic efficacy. Here we show that a Beclin 1-targeting stapled peptide (Tat-SP4) developed in our lab further enhanced autophagy in multiple PDAC cell lines possessing high basal autophagy activity. Tat-SP4 also triggered faster endolysosomal degradation of EGFR and induced significant mitochondria stress as evidenced by partial loss of Δψ, increased level of ROS and reduced OXPHOS activity. Tat-SP4 exerted a potent anti-proliferative effect in PDAC cell lines in vitro and prohibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Intriguingly, excessive autophagy has been reported to trigger a unique form of cell death termed autosis. Tat-SP4 does induce autosis-like features in PDAC cells, including mitochondria stress and non-apoptotic cell death. Overall, our study suggests that autophagy perturbation by a Beclin 1-targeting peptide and the resulting autosis may offer a new strategy for PDAC drug discovery.
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Chen Y, Meng J, Lu X, Li X, Wang C. Clustering analysis revealed the autophagy classification and potential autophagy regulators' sensitivity of pancreatic cancer based on multi-omics data. Cancer Med 2023; 12:733-746. [PMID: 35684936 PMCID: PMC9844610 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy and is unresponsive to conventional therapeutic modalities due to its high heterogeneity, expounding the necessity, and priority of searching for effective biomarkers and drugs. Autophagy, as an evolutionarily conserved biological process, is upregulated in PDAC and its regulation is linked to a poor prognosis. Increased autophagy sequestered MHC-I on PDAC cells and weaken the antigen presentation and antitumor immune response, indicating the potential therapeutic strategies of autophagy inhibitors. METHODS By performing 10 state-of-the-art multi-omics clustering algorithms, we constructed a robust PDAC classification model to reveal the autophagy-related genes among different subgroups. OUTCOMES After building a more comprehensive regulating network for potential autophagy regulators exploration, we concluded the top 20 autophagy-related hub genes (GAPDH, MAPK3, RHEB, SQSTM1, EIF2S1, RAB5A, CTSD, MAP1LC3B, RAB7A, RAB11A, FADD, CFKN2A, HSP90AB1, VEGFA, RELA, DDIT3, HSPA5, BCL2L1, BAG3, and ERBB2), six miRNAs, five transcription factors, and five immune infiltrated cells as biomarkers. The drug sensitivity database was screened based on the biomarkers to predict possible drug-targeting signal pathways, hoping to yield novel insights, and promote the progress of the anticancer therapeutic strategy. CONCLUSION We succefully constructed an autophagy-related mRNA/miRNA/TF/Immune cells network based on a 10 state-of art algorithm multi-omics analysis, and screened the drug sensitivity dataset for detecting potential signal pathway which might be possible autophagy modulators' targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP.R. China
| | - Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiP.R. China
- Institute of UrologyAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiP.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiP.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingP.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of GastroenterologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP.R. China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP.R. China
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Effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to targeted therapies. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 87:100917. [PMID: 36243652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Approaches to improve pancreatic cancer therapy are essential as this disease has a very bleak outcome. Approximately 80% of pancreatic cancers are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). PDAC is a cancer which is difficult to effectively treat as it is often detected late in the disease process. Almost all PDACs (over 90%) have activating mutations in the GTPase gene KRAS. These mutations result in constitutive KRas activation and the mobilization of downstream pathways such as the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Small molecule inhibitors of key components of the KRas/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways as well as monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for upstream growth factor receptors such insulin like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1-R) and epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) have been developed and have been evaluated in clinical trials. An additional key regulatory gene frequently mutated (∼75%) in PDAC is the TP53 tumor suppressor gene which controls the transcription of multiple genes involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, metabolism, cancer progression and other growth regulatory processes. Small molecule mutant TP53 reactivators have been developed which alter the structure of mutant TP53 protein and restore some of its antiproliferative activities. Some mutant TP53 reactivators have been examined in clinical trials with patients with mutant TP53 genes. Inhibitors to the TP53 negative regulator Mouse Double Minute 2 (MDM2) have been developed and analyzed in clinical trials. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are established anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory drugs that also prevent the induction of autophagy which can have effects on cancer survival. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have also been examined in various clinical trials. Recent studies are suggesting effective treatment of PDAC patients may require chemotherapy as well as targeting multiple pathways and biochemical processes.
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Glucocorticoid-induced microRNA-378 signaling mediates the progression of pancreatic cancer by enhancing autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1052. [PMID: 36535942 PMCID: PMC9763328 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in tumor therapy to reduce tumor growth, inflammation, edema, and other side effects. Controversially, GCs may also cause the progression of highly aggressive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Because microRNA (miR) and autophagy signaling support the invasive growth of PDAC, we asked whether these mechanisms may be targeted by GCs. Six established human PDAC cell lines, tissue from patients who received GC medication (n = 35) prior to surgery, or not (n = 35), and tumor xenografts were examined by RT‒qPCR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, gene array and Kaplan‒Meier analysis with bioinformatics, and MTT, western blot, colony, spheroid, migration, and invasion assays. We found that various GCs, including dexamethasone (DEX), induced typical features of macroautophagy with the appearance of autolysosomes, enhanced LC3-II, decreased SQSTM1/p62 expression and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and gemcitabine resistance. The GC receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone (RU486) counteracted DEX-induced autophagy features, suggesting that the GC-GR complex is involved in the induction of autophagy. The autophagy-related miR-378i and miR-378a-3p were selected as the top upregulated candidates, and their high expression in PDAC patient tissue correlated with low survival. siRNA-mediated downregulation of miR-378 inhibited DEX-induced autophagy, and tumor progression. Bioinformatics confirmed the contribution of miR-378 to the regulation of signaling networks involved in GC-induced autophagy and tumor progression. The construction of a molecular docking model revealed stable binding of miR-378 to the DEX-GR complex, suggesting direct regulation. These substantial, novel, in-depth data reveal that GCs favor autophagy-mediated cancer progression by inducing miR-378 and GR binding and implicate GR and miR-378 as new therapeutic targets.
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Mishra J, Bhatti GK, Sehrawat A, Singh C, Singh A, Reddy AP, Reddy PH, Bhatti JS. Modulating autophagy and mitophagy as a promising therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative disorders. Life Sci 2022; 311:121153. [PMID: 36343743 PMCID: PMC9712237 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The high prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases has become a major public health challenge and is associated with a tremendous burden on individuals, society and federal governments worldwide. Protein misfolding and aggregation are the major pathological hallmarks of several neurodegenerative disorders. The cells have evolved several regulatory mechanisms to deal with aberrant protein folding, namely the classical ubiquitin pathway, where ubiquitination of protein aggregates marks their degradation via lysosome and the novel autophagy or mitophagy pathways. Autophagy is a catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that allows the lysosome to recycle the cell's own contents, such as organelles and proteins, known as autophagic cargo. Their most significant role is to keep cells alive in distressed situations. Mitophagy is also crucial for reducing abnormal protein aggregation and increasing organelle clearance and partly accounts for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, substantial data indicate that any disruption in these homeostatic mechanisms leads to the emergence of several age-associated metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. So, targeting autophagy and mitophagy might be a potential therapeutic strategy for a variety of health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayapriya Mishra
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Abhishek Sehrawat
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience and Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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Ye W, Fan C, Fu K, Wang X, Lin J, Nian S, Liu C, Zhou W. The SAR and action mechanisms of autophagy inhibitors that eliminate drug resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hu Y, Li R, Jin J, Wang Y, Ma R. Quercetin improves pancreatic cancer chemo-sensitivity by regulating oxidative-inflammatory networks. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14453. [PMID: 36181395 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the main method for controlling pancreatic cancer metastasis but the prevalent chemotherapy resistance limits its utilization. The response of oxidation and inflammation often promotes pancreatic cancer progression and chemo-resistance. It is critical to explore the potential natural products with few side effects to control inflammatory responses and understand the related mechanisms. Quercetin is a flavonoid widely found in numerous vegetables, fruits, and foods and is thought to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may be associated with improvement of chemotherapy sensitivity during pancreatic cancer treatment. Quercetin may sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agents, including bromodomain and extraterminal domain inhibitors (BETI), daunorubicin, gemcitabine, sulforaphane, doxorubicin, and tumor necrosis factor-related signaling apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Meanwhile, during the chemo-resistance therapy, many signaling molecules are involved with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated oxidative and inflammatory pathway. The effects of quercetin on other oxidative and inflammatory pathways were also explored. Quercetin may exert antitumor activity during the prevention of pancreatic cancer progression by regulating oxidative and inflammatory networks, which can promote immune escape of cancer cells by inducing immunosuppressive cytokines. Studying these patterns will help us to better understand the functional role of quercetin in the improvement of pancreatic cancer chemo-sensitivity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Chemotherapy is the major way for treating pancreatic cancer metastasis but the prevalent chemotherapy resistance caused by oxidative and inflammatory responses limits its utilization. It is necessary to explore the potential natural products with few side effects to prevent the oxidative and inflammatory responses. Quercetin is a flavonoid widely found in numerous vegetables, fruits, and foods and is thought to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may be associated with improvement of chemotherapy sensitivity of pancreatic cancer treatment by sensitizing pancreatic cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic agents via the regulation of oxidative and inflammatory networks. Studying these patterns will help us to better understand the functional role of quercetin in the improvement of pancreatic cancer chemo-sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junyi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yihui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Regel I, Mayerle J. Nutrient Scavenging From Muscle Cells: A Survival Strategy of Pancreatic Cancer Cells Ends in Cachexia. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:1161-1163. [PMID: 35931104 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Regel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Mayerle
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany.
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Li H, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Jia J, Wang X. BNIP3 enhances pancreatic cancer cell migration and proliferation via modulating autophagy under hypoxia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11190. [PMID: 36311367 PMCID: PMC9614569 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy and immunotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have limited success for the intricated surrounding cancer microenvironment. Hypoxic microenvironment in PDAC causes the activation of multiple different molecules and signaling pathways compared with normoxia. We studied the roles of BNIP3 for the migration and proliferation of PDAC and Panc1 cells in vitro. In the present study, we found that BNIP3 expression was elevated and enhanced the migration and proliferation of CFPAC-1 and Panc1 cells under hypoxia. The upregulation of BNIP3 was important for the autophagic activation, while inhibition of autophagy with siRNA targeting Atg5 and Atg7 impaired the hypoxia-induced cell migration and proliferation. Additionally, blocking ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling with PD98058 significantly down-regulated BNIP3 expression, autophagic activation, as well as the migration and proliferation of CFPAC-1 and Panc1 cells under hypoxia. Collectively, our results here uncover a hitherto unknown hypoxia-BNIP3-autophagy axis in modulating the migration and proliferation and provide a potential intriguing drug target for the therapy of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiezhi Jia
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaojiao Wang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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Fei Y, Xu J, Ge L, Chen L, Yu H, Pan L, Chen P. Establishment and validation of individualized clinical prognostic markers for LUAD patients based on autophagy-related genes. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7328-7347. [PMID: 36178365 PMCID: PMC9550247 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable heterogeneity in the genomic drivers of lung adenocarcinoma, which has a dismal prognosis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) datasets to establish a multi-autophagy gene model to predict patient prognosis. LUAD data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database as a training set to construct a LUAD prognostic model. According to the risk score, a Kaplan-Meier cumulative curve was plotted to evaluate the prognostic value. Furthermore, a nomogram was established to predict the three-year and five-year survival of patients with LUAD based on their prognostic characteristics. Two genes (ITGB1 and EIF2AK3) were identified in the autophagy-related prognostic model, and the multivariate Cox proportional risk model showed that risk score was an independent predictor of prognosis in LUAD patients (HR=3.3, 95%CI= 2.3 to 4.6, P< 0.0001). The Kaplan-Meier cumulative curve showed that low-risk patients had significantly better overall (P<0.0001). The validation dataset GSE68465 further confirmed the nomogram’s robust ability to assess the prognosis of LUAD patients. A prognosis model of autophagy-related genes based on a LUAD dataset was constructed and exhibited diagnostic value in the prognosis of LUAD patients. Moreover, real-time qPCR confirmed the expression patterns of EIF2AK3 and ITGB1 in LUAD cell lines. Two key autophagy-related genes have been suggested as prognostic markers for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Fei
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyi Xu
- Information Center, The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui, Shanghai, China
| | - Luting Chen
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Ningbo Yinzhou Second Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peifeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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