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Ouyang P, Cheng B, He X, Lou J, Li X, Guo H, Xu F. Navigating the biophysical landscape: how physical cues steer the journey of bone metastatic tumor cells. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:792-808. [PMID: 39127608 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Many tumors prefer to metastasize to bone, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The human skeletal system has unique physical properties, that are distinct from other organs, which play a key role in directing the behavior of tumor cells within bone. Understanding the physical journey of tumor cells within bone is crucial. In this review we discuss bone metastasis in the context of how physical cues in the bone vasculature and bone marrow niche regulate the fate of tumor cells. Our objective is to inspire innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for bone metastasis from a mechanobiological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengrong Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, P.R. China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China; TFX Group-Xi'an Jiaotong University Institute of Life Health, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Xijing He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, P.R. China; Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an 710061, P.R. China.
| | - Jiatao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, P.R. China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China.
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2
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Volmer LL, Grube M, Rohner A, McAlpine JN, Talhouk A, Lum A, Matovina S, Kommoss S, Staebler A, Brucker SY, Walter CB. Prognostic Significance of Disseminated Tumor Cells in Bone Marrow for Endometrial Carcinoma Patients. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4489. [PMID: 39124757 PMCID: PMC11313439 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Until now, limited clinical significance had been reported for disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in gynecologic malignancies. DTCs were previously reported not to be associated with established risk factors, L1CAM immunoreactivity, and outcome in endometrial carcinoma (EC). This study's primary objective was to investigate potential correlations of DTCs in the bone marrow (BM) of EC patients with disease-related survival, and a secondary objective was to evaluate associations between molecular classification of EC and DTCs. Methods: Patients treated for primary EC at Tuebingen University women's hospital between 2003 and 2016 were identified. A total of 402 patients with a complete set of BM cytology, molecular, and clinical data were evaluable. Results: DTC occurrence was distributed equally among all four molecular groups (p = 0.651). DTC positivity was associated with a less favorable disease-free survival (HR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.03-3.36, p = 0.036) and progression-free survival (HR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.01-3.44, p = 0.045). Presence of DTCs was associated with a higher frequency of distant disease recurrence (p = 0.017). Conclusions: In line with our previous findings, tumor cell dissemination is not associated with molecular features in our large cohort of primary EC patients. Since DTCs seem to be associated with survival and location of disease recurrence, further studies are needed to decisively define their role in EC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Louise Volmer
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University, 72074 Tübingen, Germany (S.Y.B.)
| | - Marcel Grube
- Women’s Hospital, Diakonie-Klinikum, 74523 Schwäbisch Hall, Germany
| | - Annika Rohner
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University, 72074 Tübingen, Germany (S.Y.B.)
| | - Jessica Nell McAlpine
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Aline Talhouk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada (A.L.)
| | - Amy Lum
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada (A.L.)
| | - Sabine Matovina
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University, 72074 Tübingen, Germany (S.Y.B.)
| | - Stefan Kommoss
- Women’s Hospital, Diakonie-Klinikum, 74523 Schwäbisch Hall, Germany
| | - Annette Staebler
- Institute of Pathology, Tübingen University, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Yvonne Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University, 72074 Tübingen, Germany (S.Y.B.)
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Li X, Gao Z, Yang M, Yang C, Yang D, Cui W, Wu D, Zhou J. Unraveling the metastatic niche in breast cancer bone metastasis through single-cell RNA sequencing. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03594-2. [PMID: 39066875 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BRCA) is characterized by a unique metastatic pattern, often presenting with bone metastasis (BoM), posing significant clinical challenges. Through the study of the immune microenvironment in BRCA BoM offer perspectives for therapeutic interventions targeting this specific metastatic manifestation of BRCA. METHODS This study employs single-cell RNA sequencing and TCGA data analysis to comprehensively compare primary tumors (PT), lymph node metastasis (LN), and BoM. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our investigation identifies a metastatic niche in BoM marked by an increased abundance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and reduced immune cell presence. A distinct subtype (State 1) of BRCA BoM cells associated with adverse prognosis is identified. State 1, displaying heightened stemness traits, may represent an initiation phase for BoM in BRCA. Complex cell communications involving tumor, stromal, and immune cells are revealed. Interactions of FN1, SPP1, and MDK correlate with elevated immune cells in BoM. CD46, MDK, and PTN interactions drive myofibroblast activation and proliferation, contributing to tissue remodeling. Additionally, MDK, PTN, and FN1 interactions influence FAP+ CAF activation, impacting cell adhesion and migration in BoM. These insights deepen our understanding of the metastatic niche in breast cancer BoM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- The Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ziyu Gao
- The Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Yang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ciqiu Yang
- Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dongyang Yang
- Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenhui Cui
- The Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Breast Oncology Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Nuckhir M, Withey D, Cabral S, Harrison H, Clarke RB. State of the Art Modelling of the Breast Cancer Metastatic Microenvironment: Where Are We? J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2024; 29:14. [PMID: 39012440 PMCID: PMC11252219 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-024-09567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic spread of tumour cells to tissues and organs around the body is the most frequent cause of death from breast cancer. This has been modelled mainly using mouse models such as syngeneic mammary cancer or human in mouse xenograft models. These have limitations for modelling human disease progression and cannot easily be used for investigation of drug resistance and novel therapy screening. To complement these approaches, advances are being made in ex vivo and 3D in vitro models, which are becoming progressively better at reliably replicating the tumour microenvironment and will in the future facilitate drug development and screening. These approaches include microfluidics, organ-on-a-chip and use of advanced biomaterials. The relevant tissues to be modelled include those that are frequent and clinically important sites of metastasis such as bone, lung, brain, liver for invasive ductal carcinomas and a distinct set of common metastatic sites for lobular breast cancer. These sites all have challenges to model due to their unique cellular compositions, structure and complexity. The models, particularly in vivo, provide key information on the intricate interactions between cancer cells and the native tissue, and will guide us in producing specific therapies that are helpful in different context of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Nuckhir
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - David Withey
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Sara Cabral
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Hannah Harrison
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK.
| | - Robert B Clarke
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK.
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Bakht MK, Beltran H. Biological determinants of PSMA expression, regulation and heterogeneity in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00900-z. [PMID: 38977769 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important cell-surface imaging biomarker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer. The PSMA-targeted theranostic 177Lu-PSMA-617 was approved in 2022 for men with PSMA-PET-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, not all patients respond to PSMA-radioligand therapy, in part owing to the heterogeneity of PSMA expression in the tumour. The PSMA regulatory network is composed of a PSMA transcription complex, an upstream enhancer that loops to the FOLH1 (PSMA) gene promoter, intergenic enhancers and differentially methylated regions. Our understanding of the PSMA regulatory network and the mechanisms underlying PSMA suppression is evolving. Clinically, molecular imaging provides a unique window into PSMA dynamics that occur on therapy and with disease progression, although challenges arise owing to the limited resolution of PET. PSMA regulation and heterogeneity - including intertumoural and inter-patient heterogeneity, temporal changes, lineage dynamics and the tumour microenvironment - affect PSMA theranostics. PSMA response and resistance to radioligand therapy are mediated by a number of potential mechanisms, and complementary biomarkers beyond PSMA are under development. Understanding the biological determinants of cell surface target regulation and heterogeneity can inform precision medicine approaches to PSMA theranostics as well as other emerging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin K Bakht
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Chen Y, Chen XS, He RQ, Huang ZG, Lu HP, Huang H, Yang DP, Tang ZQ, Yang X, Zhang HJ, Qv N, Kong JL, Chen G. What enlightenment has the development of lung cancer bone metastasis brought in the last 22 years. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:765-782. [PMID: 38946828 PMCID: PMC11212609 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i6.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer bone metastasis (LCBM) is a disease with a poor prognosis, high risk and large patient population. Although considerable scientific output has accumulated on LCBM, problems have emerged, such as confusing research structures. AIM To organize the research frontiers and body of knowledge of the studies on LCBM from the last 22 years according to their basic research and translation, clinical treatment, and clinical diagnosis to provide a reference for the development of new LCBM clinical and basic research. METHODS We used tools, including R, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, to measure and visualize the keywords and other metrics of 1903 articles from the Web of Science Core Collection. We also performed enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses of gene expression datasets from LCBM cases worldwide. RESULTS Research on LCBM has received extensive attention from scholars worldwide over the last 20 years. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies have evolved into the mainstream basic and clinical research directions. The basic aspects of drug resistance mechanisms and parathyroid hormone-related protein may provide new ideas for mechanistic study and improvements in LCBM prognosis. The produced molecular map showed that ribosomes and focal adhesion are possible pathways that promote LCBM occurrence. CONCLUSION Novel therapies for LCBM face animal testing and drug resistance issues. Future focus should centre on advancing clinical therapies and researching drug resistance mechanisms and ribosome-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Song Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hui-Ping Lu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Da-Ping Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guigang People’s Hospital of Guangxi/The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang 537100, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhong-Qing Tang
- Department of Pathology, Wuzhou Gongren Hospital/The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Wuzhou 543000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Han-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ning Qv
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jin-Liang Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Khanmohammadi M, Volpi M, Walejewska E, Olszewska A, Swieszkowski W. Printing of 3D biomimetic structures for the study of bone metastasis: A review. Acta Biomater 2024; 178:24-40. [PMID: 38458512 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Bone metastasis primarily occurs when breast, prostate, or lung cancers disseminate tumoral cells into bone tissue, leading to a range of complications in skeletal tissues and, in severe cases, paralysis resulting from spinal cord compression. Unfortunately, our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms is incomplete and the translation of bone metastasis research into the clinic has been slow, mainly due to the lack of credible ex vivo and in vivo models to study the disease progression. Development of reliable and rational models to study how tumor cells become circulating cells and then invade and sequentially colonize the bone are in great need. Advances in tissue engineering technologies offers reliable 3D tissue alternatives which answer relevant research questions towards the understanding of cancer evolution and key functional properties of metastasis progression as well as prognosis of therapeutic approach. Here we performed an overview of cellular mechanisms involved in bone metastasis including a short summary of normal bone physiology and metastasis initiation and progression. Also, we comprehensively summarized current advances and methodologies in fabrication of reliable bone tumor models based on state-of-the-art printing technologies which recapitulate structural and biological features of native tissue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review provides a comprehensive summary of the collective findings in relation to various printed bone metastasis models utilized for investigating specific bone metastasis diseases, related characteristic functions and chemotherapeutic drug screening. These tumoral models are comprehensively evaluated and compared, in terms of their ability to recapitulate physiological metastasis microenvironment. Various biomaterials (natural and synthetic polymers and ceramic based substrates) and printing strategies and design architecture of models used for printing of 3D bone metastasis models are discussed here. This review clearly out-lines current challenges and prospects for 3D printing technologies in bone metastasis research by focusing on the required perspective models for clinical application of these technologies in chemotherapeutic drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khanmohammadi
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, Warsaw 02-507, Poland.
| | - Marina Volpi
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, Warsaw 02-507, Poland
| | - Ewa Walejewska
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, Warsaw 02-507, Poland
| | - Alicja Olszewska
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, Warsaw 02-507, Poland
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, Warsaw 02-507, Poland.
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Guo J, Ma RY, Qian BZ. Macrophage heterogeneity in bone metastasis. J Bone Oncol 2024; 45:100598. [PMID: 38585688 PMCID: PMC10997910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies illustrated that macrophage, a type of innate immune cell, plays critical roles in tumour progression and metastasis. Bone is the most frequent site of metastasis for several cancer types including breast, prostate, and lung. In bone metastasis, osteoclast, a macrophage subset specialized in bone resorption, was heavily investigated in the past. Recent studies illustrated that other macrophage subsets, e.g. monocyte-derived macrophages, and bone resident macrophages, promoted bone metastasis independent of osteoclast function. These novel mechanisms further improved our understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in the context of bone metastasis and illustrated new opportunities for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin-Zhi Qian
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, The Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang-Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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9
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da Costa Sousa MG, Vignolo SM, Franca CM, Mereness J, Alves Fraga MA, Silva-Sousa AC, Benoit DSW, Bertassoni LE. Engineering models of head and neck and oral cancers on-a-chip. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:021502. [PMID: 38464668 PMCID: PMC10919958 DOI: 10.1063/5.0186722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) rank as the sixth most common cancer globally and result in over 450 000 deaths annually. Despite considerable advancements in diagnostics and treatment, the 5-year survival rate for most types of HNCs remains below 50%. Poor prognoses are often attributed to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and immunosuppression. These characteristics are difficult to replicate using in vitro or in vivo models, culminating in few effective approaches for early detection and therapeutic drug development. Organs-on-a-chip offer a promising avenue for studying HNCs, serving as microphysiological models that closely recapitulate the complexities of biological tissues within highly controllable microfluidic platforms. Such systems have gained interest as advanced experimental tools to investigate human pathophysiology and assess therapeutic efficacy, providing a deeper understanding of cancer pathophysiology. This review outlines current challenges and opportunities in replicating HNCs within microphysiological systems, focusing on mimicking the soft, glandular, and hard tissues of the head and neck. We further delve into the major applications of organ-on-a-chip models for HNCs, including fundamental research, drug discovery, translational approaches, and personalized medicine. This review emphasizes the integration of organs-on-a-chip into the repertoire of biological model systems available to researchers. This integration enables the exploration of unique aspects of HNCs, thereby accelerating discoveries with the potential to improve outcomes for HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jared Mereness
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Dermatology and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | | | - Alice Corrêa Silva-Sousa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Av. do Café - Subsetor Oeste—11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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10
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Fan H, Xu Z, Yao K, Zheng B, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang T, Li X, Hu H, Yue B, Hu Z, Zheng H. Osteoclast Cancer Cell Metabolic Cross-talk Confers PARP Inhibitor Resistance in Bone Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2024; 84:449-467. [PMID: 38038966 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients with late-stage breast cancer develop distal bone metastases. The bone microenvironment can affect response to therapy, and uncovering the underlying mechanisms could help identify improved strategies for treating bone metastatic breast cancer. Here, we observed that osteoclasts reduced the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to DNA damaging agents, including cisplatin and the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib. Metabolic profiling identified elevated glutamine production by osteoclasts. Glutamine supplementation enhanced the survival of breast cancer cells treated with DNA damaging agents, while blocking glutamine uptake increased sensitivity and suppressed bone metastasis. GPX4, the critical enzyme responsible for glutathione oxidation, was upregulated in cancer cells following PARPi treatment through stress-induced ATF4-dependent transcriptional programming. Increased glutamine uptake and GPX4 upregulation concertedly enhanced glutathione metabolism in cancer cells to help neutralize oxidative stress and generate PARPi resistance. Analysis of paired patient samples of primary breast tumors and bone metastases revealed significant induction of GPX4 in bone metastases. Combination therapy utilizing PARPi and zoledronate, which blocks osteoclast activity and thereby reduces the microenvironmental glutamine supply, generated a synergistic effect in reducing bone metastasis. These results identify a role for glutamine production by bone-resident cells in supporting metastatic cancer cells to overcome oxidative stress and develop resistance to DNA-damaging therapies. SIGNIFICANCE Metabolic interaction between osteoclasts and tumor cells contributes to resistance to DNA-damaging agents, which can be blocked by combination treatment with PARP and osteoclast inhibitors to reduce bone metastatic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxin Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tengjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haitian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yue
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqiu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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11
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Engelmann J, Ragipoglu D, Ben-Batalla I, Loges S. The Role of TAM Receptors in Bone. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:233. [PMID: 38203403 PMCID: PMC10779100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The TAM (TYRO3, MERTK, and AXL) family of receptor tyrosine kinases are pleiotropic regulators of adult tissue homeostasis maintaining organ integrity and self-renewal. Disruption of their homeostatic balance fosters pathological conditions like autoinflammatory or degenerative diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematodes, or liver fibrosis. Moreover, TAM receptors exhibit prominent cell-transforming properties, promoting tumor progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance in various cancer entities. Emerging evidence shows that TAM receptors are involved in bone homeostasis by regulating osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Therefore, TAM receptors emerge as new key players of the regulatory cytokine network of osteoblasts and osteoclasts and represent accessible targets for pharmacologic therapy for a broad set of different bone diseases, including primary and metastatic bone tumors, rheumatoid arthritis, or osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janik Engelmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, Hubertus Wald Comprehensive Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
- Department of Tumor Biology, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.R.); (I.B.-B.)
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Deniz Ragipoglu
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.R.); (I.B.-B.)
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Ben-Batalla
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.R.); (I.B.-B.)
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Loges
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (D.R.); (I.B.-B.)
- Division of Personalized Medical Oncology (A420), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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12
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Nolan E, Kang Y, Malanchi I. Mechanisms of Organ-Specific Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2023; 13:a041326. [PMID: 36987584 PMCID: PMC10626265 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis, or the development of secondary tumors in distant tissues, accounts for the vast majority of fatalities in patients with breast cancer. Breast cancer cells show a striking proclivity to metastasize to distinct organs, specifically the lung, liver, bone, and brain, where they face unique environmental pressures and a wide variety of tissue-resident cells that together create a strong barrier for tumor survival and growth. As a consequence, successful metastatic colonization is critically dependent on reciprocal cross talk between cancer cells and host cells within the target organ, a relationship that shapes the formation of a tumor-supportive microenvironment. Here, we discuss the mechanisms governing organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer, focusing on the intricate interactions between metastatic cells and specific niche cells within a secondary organ, and the remarkable adaptations of both compartments that cooperatively support cancer growth. More broadly, we aim to provide a framework for the microenvironmental prerequisites within each distinct metastatic site for successful breast cancer metastatic seeding and outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Nolan
- Tumour Host Interaction laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Ilaria Malanchi
- Tumour Host Interaction laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London, United Kingdom
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13
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Karmakar R, Dey S, Alam A, Khandelwal M, Pati F, Rengan AK. Attributes of Nanomaterials and Nanotopographies for Improved Bone Tissue Engineering and Regeneration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4020-4041. [PMID: 37691480 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a multidisciplinary area that can solve the limitation of conventional grafting methods by developing viable and biocompatible bone replacements. The three essential components of BTE, i.e., Scaffold material and Cells and Growth factors altogether, facilitate support and guide for bone formation, differentiation of the bone tissues, and enhancement in the cellular activities and bone regeneration. However, there is a scarcity of the appropriate materials that can match the mechanical property as well as functional similarity to native tissue, considering the bone as hard tissue. In such scenarios, nanotechnology can be leveraged upon to achieve the desired aspects of BTE, and that is the key point of this review article. This review article examines the significant areas of nanotechnology research that have an impact on regeneration of bone: (a) scaffold with nanomaterials helps to enhance physicochemical interactions, biocompatibility, mechanical stability, and attachment; (b) nanoparticle-based approaches for delivering bioactive chemicals, growth factors, and genetic material. The article begins with the introduction of components and healing mechanisms of bone and the factors associated with them. The focus of this article is on the various nanotopographies that are now being used in scaffold formation, by describing how they are made, and how these nanotopographies affect the immune system and potential underlying mechanisms. The advantages of 4D bioprinting in BTE by using nanoink have also been mentioned. Additionally, we have investigated the importance of an in silico approach for finding the interaction between drugs and their related receptors, which can help to formulate suitable systems for delivery. This review emphasizes the role of nanoscale approach and how it helps to increase the efficacy of parameters of scaffold as well as drug delivery system for tissue engineering and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rounik Karmakar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Sreenath Dey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Aszad Alam
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Mudrika Khandelwal
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Falguni Pati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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14
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Volmer LL, Önder CE, Volz B, Singh AR, Brucker SY, Engler T, Hartkopf AD, Koch A. Microfluidic Isolation of Disseminated Tumor Cells from the Bone Marrow of Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13930. [PMID: 37762233 PMCID: PMC10531360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) of breast cancer (BC) patients are putative precursors of metastatic disease, and their presence is associated with an adverse clinical outcome. To achieve the personalization of therapy on a clinical routine level, the characterization of DTCs and in vitro drug testing on DTCs are of great interest. Therefore, biobanking methods, as well as novel approaches to DTC isolation, need to be developed. In this study, we established a protocol for the biobanking of BM samples and evaluated a microfluidic-based separation system (Parsortix®) for the enrichment of cryopreserved DTCs. We were able to successfully isolate viable DTCs after the prior cryopreservation of BM samples. We calculated a significant increase of up to 90-fold in harvested DTCs with the proposed method compared to the current standard techniques, opening up new analysis possibilities for DTCs. Our advanced method further presents options for 3D DTC cultures, enabling the individualized testing of targeted therapies for BC patients. In conclusion, we present a novel approach for DTC enrichment, with possibilities for future clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa L. Volmer
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cansu E. Önder
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Volz
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anjali R. Singh
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Y. Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Engler
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas D. Hartkopf
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - André Koch
- Research Institute for Women’s Health, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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15
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Tirado HA, Balasundaram N, Laaouimir L, Erdem A, van Gastel N. Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101669. [PMID: 36909665 PMCID: PMC9996235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and nerve cells. Intercellular communication at different levels is essential to ensure proper skeletal and hematopoietic tissue function, but it is altered when malignant cells colonize the bone marrow niche. While communication often involves soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their respective cell-surface receptors, cells can also communicate by exchanging metabolic information. In this review, we discuss the importance of metabolic crosstalk between different cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, particularly concerning the malignant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán A Tirado
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nithya Balasundaram
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lotfi Laaouimir
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ayşegül Erdem
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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16
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Fernández Vallone V, Borzone FR, Martinez LM, Giorello MB, Choi H, Dimase F, Feldman L, Bordenave RH, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Batagelj E, Chasseing NA. Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1073793. [PMID: 36890825 PMCID: PMC9986318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1073793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient´s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fernández Vallone
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoids, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francisco Raúl Borzone
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - María Belén Giorello
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hosoon Choi
- Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Federico Dimase
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Feldman
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPB), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation/Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilio Batagelj
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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17
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Shen M, Kang Y. Cancer fitness genes: emerging therapeutic targets for metastasis. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:69-82. [PMID: 36184492 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of cancer therapeutics has traditionally focused on targeting driver oncogenes. Such an approach is limited by toxicity to normal tissues and treatment resistance. A class of 'cancer fitness genes' with crucial roles in metastasis have been identified. Elevated or altered activities of these genes do not directly cause cancer; instead, they relieve the stresses that tumor cells encounter and help them adapt to a changing microenvironment, thus facilitating tumor progression and metastasis. Importantly, as normal cells do not experience high levels of stress under physiological conditions, targeting cancer fitness genes is less likely to cause toxicity to noncancerous tissues. Here, we summarize the key features and function of cancer fitness genes and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Research Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, MI, USA.
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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18
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Saha S, Pradhan N, B N, Mahadevappa R, Minocha S, Kumar S. Cancer plasticity: Investigating the causes for this agility. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:138-156. [PMID: 36584960 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is not a hard-wired phenomenon but an evolutionary disease. From the onset of carcinogenesis, cancer cells continuously adapt and evolve to satiate their ever-growing proliferation demands. This results in the formation of multiple subtypes of cancer cells with different phenotypes, cellular compositions, and consequently displaying varying degrees of tumorigenic identity and function. This phenomenon is referred to as cancer plasticity, during which the cancer cells exist in a plethora of cellular states having distinct phenotypes. With the advent of modern technologies equipped with enhanced resolution and depth, for example, single-cell RNA-sequencing and advanced computational tools, unbiased cancer profiling at a single-cell resolution are leading the way in understanding cancer cell rewiring both spatially and temporally. In this review, the processes and mechanisms that give rise to cancer plasticity include both intrinsic genetic factors such as epigenetic changes, differential expression due to changes in DNA, RNA, or protein content within the cancer cell, as well as extrinsic environmental factors such as tissue perfusion, extracellular milieu are detailed and their influence on key cancer plasticity hallmarks such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer cell stemness (CSCs) are discussed. Due to therapy evasion and drug resistance, tumor heterogeneity caused by cancer plasticity has major therapeutic ramifications. Hence, it is crucial to comprehend all the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control cellular plasticity. How this process evades therapy, and the therapeutic avenue of targeting cancer plasticity must be diligently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhraneel Saha
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Nikita Pradhan
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Neha B
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ravikiran Mahadevappa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Deemed to be University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 562163, India
| | - Shilpi Minocha
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Saran Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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19
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Wang C, Wang Z, Tong X, Li Y, Liu X, Huang L. The diagnostic role of complete MICM-P in metastatic carcinoma of bone marrow (MCBM) presented with atypical symptoms: A 7-year retrospective study of 45 cases in a single center. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31731. [PMID: 36397369 PMCID: PMC9666179 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic carcinoma of bone marrow (MCBM) tends to present with atypical symptoms and can be easily misdiagnosed or miss diagnosed. This study was conducted to investigate the clinical-pathological and hematological characteristics of MCBM patients in order to develop strategies for early detection, staging, treatment selection and prognosis predicting. We retrospectively analyzed 45 patients with MCBM diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy in our hospital during the past 7 years. The clinical symptoms, hemogram and myelogram features, Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining of bone marrow biopsies, location of primary carcinoma and corresponding treatment of the 45 MCBM patients were analyzed in this study. In total, 35 (77.9%) of all patients presented pains including bone pain (73.3%) as the main manifestation, and 37 (82.2%) patients had anemia. Metastatic cancer cells were found in only 22 patients (48.9%) upon bone marrow smear examination, but in all 45 patients by bone marrow biopsy. The bone marrow of 18 (40.0%) patients was dry extraction. Distribution of metastatic carcinoma was diffuse in 20 (44.4%) patients and multi-focal in 25 (55.6%) patients, complicated with myelofibrosis in 34 (75.6%) patients. For bone marrow biopsy immunohistochemistry, 97.8% of the patients were CD45-negative, while 75.6% of the patients were Cytokeratin-positive. There were 30 patients (66.7%) identified with primary malignancies. The overall survival (OS) of 1 year for MCBM patients was 6.7%. There was a trend that patients with cancer of known primary obtained better prognosis according to the survival curve, but the finding was not statistically significant with Log-rank P = .160. Complete MICM-P plays a significant role in early diagnosis of MCBM. Bone marrow biopsy combined with immunohistochemistry is an underappreciated method for the diagnosis of MCBM, which should be taken as part of regular tests as well as bone marrow smear. Understanding the clinical-pathological and hematological characteristics of MCBM and conducting bone marrow biopsy in time are of great significance for early detection and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiqiong Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiwen Tong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lifang Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * Correspondence: Lifang Huang, Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China (e-mail: )
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20
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Litak J, Czyżewski W, Szymoniuk M, Sakwa L, Pasierb B, Litak J, Hoffman Z, Kamieniak P, Roliński J. Biological and Clinical Aspects of Metastatic Spinal Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194599. [PMID: 36230523 PMCID: PMC9559304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Spine metastases are a common life-threatening complication of advanced-stage malignancies and often result in poor prognosis. Symptomatic spine metastases develop in the course of about 10% of malignant neoplasms. Therefore, it is essential for contemporary medicine to understand metastatic processes in order to find appropriate, targeted therapeutic options. Our literature review aimed to describe the up-to-date knowledge about the molecular pathways and biomarkers engaged in the spine’s metastatic processes. Moreover, we described current data regarding bone-targeted treatment, the emerging targeted therapies, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy used for the treatment of spine metastases. We hope that knowledge comprehensively presented in our review will contribute to the development of novel drugs targeting specific biomarkers and pathways. The more we learn about the molecular aspects of cancer metastasis, the easier it will be to look for treatment methods that will allow us to precisely kill tumor cells. Abstract Spine metastases are a common life-threatening complication of advanced-stage malignancies and often result in poor prognosis. Symptomatic spine metastases develop in the course of about 10% of malignant neoplasms. Therefore, it is essential for contemporary medicine to understand metastatic processes in order to find appropriate, targeted therapeutic options. Thanks to continuous research, there appears more and more detailed knowledge about cancer and metastasis, but these transformations are extremely complicated, e.g., due to the complexity of reactions, the variety of places where they occur, or the participation of both tumor cells and host cells in these transitions. The right target points in tumor metastasis mechanisms are still being researched; that will help us in the proper diagnosis as well as in finding the right treatment. In this literature review, we described the current knowledge about the molecular pathways and biomarkers engaged in metastatic processes involving the spine. We also presented a current bone-targeted treatment for spine metastases and the emerging therapies targeting the discussed molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Litak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Czyżewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Didactics and Medical Simulation, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Szymoniuk
- Student Scientific Association at the Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Leon Sakwa
- Student Scientific Society, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technologies and Humanities in Radom, Chrobrego 27, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Barbara Pasierb
- Department of Dermatology, Radom Specialist Hospital, Lekarska 4, 26-600 Radom, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Litak
- St. John’s Cancer Center in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 7, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Zofia Hoffman
- Student Scientific Society, Medical University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 1, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamieniak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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21
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Wang Z, Zhao Z, Gao B, Zhang L. Exosome mediated biological functions within skeletal microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:953916. [PMID: 35935491 PMCID: PMC9355125 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.953916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membranous lipid vesicles fused with intracellular multicellular bodies that are released into the extracellular environment. They contain bioactive substances, including proteins, RNAs, lipids, and cytokine receptors. Exosomes in the skeletal microenvironment are derived from a variety of cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. Their biological function is key in paracrine or endocrine signaling. Exosomes play a role in bone remodeling by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Genetic engineering technology combined with exosome-based drug delivery can therapy bone metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized the pathways of exosomes derived from different skeletal cells (i.e., BMSCs, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts) regulate the skeletal microenvironment through proteins, mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs. By exploring the role of exosomes in the skeletal microenvironment, we provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of bone-related metabolic diseases, which may lay the foundation to improve bone tumor microenvironments, alleviate drug resistance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Zhao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Lingli Zhang,
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Lingli Zhang,
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22
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Impact of Anti-Angiogenic Treatment on Bone Vascularization in a Murine Model of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Using Synchrotron Radiation Micro-CT. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143443. [PMID: 35884504 PMCID: PMC9321934 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are frequent complications of breast cancer, facilitating the development of anarchic vascularization and induce bone destruction. Therefore, anti-angiogenic drugs (AAD) have been tested as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. However, the kinetics of skeletal vascularization in response to tumor invasion under AAD is still partially understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of AAD on experimental bone metastasis by analyzing the three-dimensional (3D) bone vasculature during metastatic formation and progression. Seventy-three eight-week-old female mice were treated with AAD (bevacizumab, vatalanib, or a combination of both drugs) or the vehicle (placebo) one day after injection with breast cancer cells. Mice were sacrificed eight or 22 days after tumor cell inoculation (time points T1 and T2, respectively). Synchrotron radiation microcomputed tomography (SR-μCT) was used to image bone and blood vessels with a contrast agent. Hence, 3D-bone and vascular networks were simultaneously visualized and quantitatively analyzed. At T1, the trabecular bone volume fraction was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the combined AAD-treatment group, compared to the placebo- and single AAD-treatment groups. At T2, only the bone vasculature was reduced in the combined AAD-treatment group (p < 0.05), as judged by measurement of the blood vessel thickness. Our data suggest that, at the early stage, combined AAD treatment dampens tumor-induced bone resorption with no detectable effects on bone vessel organization while, at a later stage, it affects the structure of bone microvascularization.
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23
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Karkampouna S, Kruithof-de Julio M, Thalmann GN. Role of prostate and bone stromal cells on prostate cancer progression. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2022; 10:180-187. [PMID: 35874291 PMCID: PMC9301059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, often manifesting in a metastatic form to the bone. Complex tumour cells and surrounding microenvironment interactions are important determinants of disease progression and therapy resistance. Here, we provide an overview of some of the early studies that recognized the pro-tumourigenic role of prostate stroma, particularly fibroblasts, bone stromal components, and its permissive tumour properties. This article is written in memory of Prof. Dr LWK Chung and his contributions. Prostate and bone metastasis stroma concepts emerging from his work are now more actively being pursued by the authors of this article and others in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Karkampouna
- Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, Urology Research Laboratory, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Kruithof-de Julio
- Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, Urology Research Laboratory, University of BernBern, Switzerland
- Translational Organoid Resource, Department for BioMedical Research, University of BernBern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and InselspitalBern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalBern, Switzerland
| | - George N Thalmann
- Department for BioMedical Research DBMR, Urology Research Laboratory, University of BernBern, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalBern, Switzerland
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24
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Yang J, Das BC, Aljitawi O, Kumar A, Das S, Van Veldhuizen P. Magmas Inhibition in Prostate Cancer: A Novel Target for Treatment-Resistant Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112732. [PMID: 35681713 PMCID: PMC9179500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastatic and treatment-resistant prostate cancer remains a life-threatening disease despite recent therapeutic advances. Literature suggests that treatment resistance and prostate cancer progression is associated with prostate cancer stem cells. In this study, we evaluated the role of the mitochondria-associated granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling (Magmas) protein as a molecular target and applied a novel Magmas inhibitor, BT#9, on prostate cancer cells and normal control cells. We found that Magmas was overexpressed in human prostate cancers and its expression was linked to the aggressiveness of the disease. BT#9 downregulated Magmas expression, reduced viability and induced apoptotic cell death in prostate cancer cells. The mechanism of cell death by BT#9 is mainly caspase-independent and via a Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-mediated pathway. This is the first study that has evaluated targeting the Magmas protein in prostate cancer and, to our knowledge, the first to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of BT#9 activity in prostate cancer, including the mode of cell death and the critical role of ROS accumulation. Our work may provide a potential clinical application for a novel prostate cancer treatment that can overcome cancer stem cell and therapeutic resistance. Abstract The purpose of our study was to evaluate Magmas as a potential target in prostate cancer. In addition, we evaluated our synthetic Magmas inhibitor (BT#9) effects on prostate cancer and examined the molecular mechanism of BT#9. A cell viability assay showed that treatment with BT#9 caused a significant decrease in the viability of DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells with little effect on the viability of WPMY-1 normal prostate cells. Western blot proved that BT#9 downregulated the Magmas protein and caspase-3 activation. Flow cytometry studies demonstrated increased apoptosis and disturbed mitochondrial membrane potential. However, the main mode of cell death was caspase-independent necrosis, which was correlated with the accumulation of mitochondrial and intra-cellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Taken together, our data suggest Magmas is a potential molecular target for the treatment of prostate cancer and that Magmas inhibition results in ROS-dependent and caspase-independent necrotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Yang
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.Y.); (O.A.)
| | - Bhaskar C. Das
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (A.K.); (S.D.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (B.C.D.); (P.V.V.)
| | - Omar Aljitawi
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.Y.); (O.A.)
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (A.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Sasmita Das
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (A.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Peter Van Veldhuizen
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (J.Y.); (O.A.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.D.); (P.V.V.)
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25
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Li Q, Wang M, Zeng L, Guo W, Xu Y, Li C, Lai Y, Ye L, Peng X. Deletion of Wild-type p53 Facilitates Bone Metastatic Function by Blocking the AIP4 Mediated Ligand-Induced Degradation of CXCR4. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:792293. [PMID: 35177982 PMCID: PMC8844016 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.792293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Management of patients with prostate cancer and bone metastatic disease remains a major clinical challenge. Loss or mutation of p53 has been identified to be involved in the tumor progression and metastasis. Nevertheless, direct evidence of a specific role for wild-type p53 (wt-p53) in bone metastasis and the mechanism by which this function is mediated in prostate cancer remain obscure. Methods: The expression and protein levels of wt-53, AIP4, and CXCR4 in prostate cancer cells and clinical specimens were assessed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. The role of wt-p53 in suppressing aggressive and metastatic tumor phenotypes was assessed using in vitro transwell chemotaxis, wound healing, and competitive colocalization assays. Furthermore, whether p53 deletion facilitates prostate cancer bone-metastatic capacity was explored using an in vivo bone-metastatic model. The mechanistic model of wt-p53 in regulating gene expression was further explored by a luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Results: Our findings revealed that wt-p53 suppressed the prostate cancer cell migration rate, chemotaxis and attachment toward the osteoblasts in vitro. The bone-metastatic model showed that deletion of wt-p53 remarkably increased prostate cancer bone-metastatic capacity in vivo. Mechanistically, wt-p53 could induce the ligand-induced degradation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by transcriptionally upregulating the expression of ubiquitin ligase AIP4. Treatment with the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 or transduction of the AIP4 plasmid abrogated the pro-bone metastasis effects of TP53 deletion. Conclusion: Wt-p53 suppresses the metastasis of prostate cancer cells to bones by regulating the CXCR4/CXCL12 activity in the tumor cells/bone marrow microenvironment interactions. Our findings suggest that targeting the wt-p53/AIP4/CXCR4 axis might be a promising therapeutic strategy to manage prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiji Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leli Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangzhou, China.,Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuandong Xu
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenxin Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingrong Lai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Guangzhou, China.,Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Wang X, Tewari N, Sato F, Tanimoto K, Thangavelu L, Makishima M, Bhawal UK. Biphasic Functions of Sodium Fluoride (NaF) in Soft and in Hard Periodontal Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020962. [PMID: 35055148 PMCID: PMC8780524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is widely used in clinical dentistry. However, the administration of high or low concentrations of NaF has various functions in different tissues. Understanding the mechanisms of the different effects of NaF will help to optimize its use in clinical applications. Studies of NaF and epithelial cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and periodontal cells have suggested the significant roles of fluoride treatment. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the biphasic functions of NaF that are related to both soft and hard periodontal tissues, multiple diseases, and clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Centre for Dental Education and Research, Division of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Fuyuki Sato
- Shizuoka Cancer Center, Pathology Division, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan;
| | - Keiji Tanimoto
- Department of Translational Cancer Research, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (U.K.B.)
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27
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Li Y, Hao W, Guan J, Li B, Meng L, Sun S, Sheng T, Dong S, Zhou Q, Liu M, Zhang Z, Shen T, Shen Y, Zhao B. Relationship between indices of circulating blood cells and bone homeostasis in osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:965290. [PMID: 36133307 PMCID: PMC9483170 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.965290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone development have been shown to play an important role in regulating hematopoiesis as one major component of bone marrow microenvironment. Recent studies support the notion that there is an intricate relationship between hematopoiesis and bone homeostasis, however, little is known about the alterations in the hematopoietic lineages in pathologic conditions. Using various osteoporotic mouse models, we show here that bone microarchitecture abnormalities alter parameters of peripheral blood cells. The level of white blood cells is dynamics and negatively correlated with bone mineral density during the progression of osteoporosis. Furthermore, our clinical data confirm that osteoporosis is associated with abnormal circulating blood cell counts. These results demonstrated a causal link that osteoporosis is accompanied by the altered circulating blood cells, supporting the idea of a close interplay between hematopoiesis and bone homeostasis. Our study would propose that routine complete blood count might be applied as a potential diagnostic and putative marker for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Baobing Zhao, ; Yuan Li,
| | - Weimin Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Jianming Guan
- Department of Hematology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Meng
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangjiao Sun
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianyuan Sheng
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangxi Dong
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuemao Shen
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baobing Zhao
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Baobing Zhao, ; Yuan Li,
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28
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Huppert LA, Green MD, Kim L, Chow C, Leyfman Y, Daud AI, Lee JC. Tissue-specific Tregs in cancer metastasis: opportunities for precision immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:33-45. [PMID: 34417572 PMCID: PMC8752797 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of advancements in immuno-oncology have enabled the development of current immunotherapies, which provide long-term treatment responses in certain metastatic cancer patients. However, cures remain infrequent, and most patients ultimately succumb to treatment-refractory metastatic disease. Recent insights suggest that tumors at certain organ sites exhibit distinctive response patterns to immunotherapy and can even reduce antitumor immunity within anatomically distant tumors, suggesting the activation of tissue-specific immune tolerogenic mechanisms in some cases of therapy resistance. Specialized immune cells known as regulatory T cells (Tregs) are present within all tissues in the body and coordinate the suppression of excessive immune activation to curb autoimmunity and maintain immune homeostasis. Despite the high volume of research on Tregs, the findings have failed to reconcile tissue-specific Treg functions in organs, such as tolerance, tissue repair, and regeneration, with their suppression of local and systemic tumor immunity in the context of immunotherapy resistance. To improve the understanding of how the tissue-specific functions of Tregs impact cancer immunotherapy, we review the specialized role of Tregs in clinically common and challenging organ sites of cancer metastasis, highlight research that describes Treg impacts on tissue-specific and systemic immune regulation in the context of immunotherapy, and summarize ongoing work reporting clinically feasible strategies that combine the specific targeting of Tregs with systemic cancer immunotherapy. Improved knowledge of Tregs in the framework of their tissue-specific biology and clinical sites of organ metastasis will enable more precise targeting of immunotherapy and have profound implications for treating patients with metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Huppert
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael D Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luke Kim
- University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine Chow
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yan Leyfman
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Adil I Daud
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James C Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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29
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Pulianmackal AJ, Sun D, Yumoto K, Li Z, Chen YC, Patel MV, Wang Y, Yoon E, Pearson A, Yang Q, Taichman R, Cackowski FC, Buttitta LA. Monitoring Spontaneous Quiescence and Asynchronous Proliferation-Quiescence Decisions in Prostate Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:728663. [PMID: 34957090 PMCID: PMC8703172 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.728663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proliferation-quiescence decision is a dynamic process that remains incompletely understood. Live-cell imaging with fluorescent cell cycle sensors now allows us to visualize the dynamics of cell cycle transitions and has revealed that proliferation-quiescence decisions can be highly heterogeneous, even among clonal cell lines in culture. Under normal culture conditions, cells often spontaneously enter non-cycling G0 states of varying duration and depth. This also occurs in cancer cells and G0 entry in tumors may underlie tumor dormancy and issues with cancer recurrence. Here we show that a cell cycle indicator previously shown to indicate G0 upon serum starvation, mVenus-p27K-, can also be used to monitor spontaneous quiescence in untransformed and cancer cell lines. We find that the duration of spontaneous quiescence in untransformed and cancer cells is heterogeneous and that a portion of this heterogeneity results from asynchronous proliferation-quiescence decisions in pairs of daughters after mitosis, where one daughter cell enters or remains in temporary quiescence while the other does not. We find that cancer dormancy signals influence both entry into quiescence and asynchronous proliferation-quiescence decisions after mitosis. Finally, we show that spontaneously quiescent prostate cancer cells exhibit altered expression of components of the Hippo pathway and are enriched for the stem cell markers CD133 and CD44. This suggests a hypothesis that dormancy signals could promote cancer recurrence by increasing the proportion of quiescent tumor cells poised for cell cycle re-entry with stem cell characteristics in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajai J Pulianmackal
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dan Sun
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kenji Yumoto
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Zhengda Li
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Meha V Patel
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, South Korea
| | - Alexander Pearson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Russell Taichman
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Frank C Cackowski
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Laura A Buttitta
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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30
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Yadav AM, Bagade MM, Ghumnani S, Raman S, Saha B, Kubatzky KF, Ashma R. The phytochemical plumbagin reciprocally modulates osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Biol Chem 2021; 403:211-229. [PMID: 34882360 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bone metabolism is essential for maintaining bone mineral density and bone strength through a balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Bone formation is associated with osteoblast activity whereas bone resorption is linked to osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblast progenitors give rise to the formation of mature osteoblasts whereas monocytes are the precursors for multi-nucleated osteoclasts. Chronic inflammation, auto-inflammation, hormonal changes or adiposity have the potential to disturb the balance between bone formation and bone loss. Several plant-derived components are described to modulate bone metabolism and alleviate osteoporosis by enhancing bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. The plant-derived naphthoquinone plumbagin is a bioactive compound that can be isolated from the roots of the Plumbago genus. It has been used as traditional medicine for treating infectious diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and dermatological diseases. Reportedly, plumbagin exerts its biological activities primarily through induction of reactive oxygen species and triggers osteoblast-mediated bone formation. It is plausible that plumbagin's reciprocal actions - inhibiting or inducing death in osteoclasts but promoting survival or growth of osteoblasts - are a function of the synergy with bone-metabolizing hormones calcitonin, Parathormone and vitamin D. Herein, we develop a framework for plausible molecular modus operandi of plumbagin in bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash M Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manali M Bagade
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Soni Ghumnani
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujatha Raman
- Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (CCIH), Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (ISHS), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Center for Cell Science, Pune-411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Katharina F Kubatzky
- Zentrum für Infektiologie, Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richa Ashma
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
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31
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Cheng X, Wang Z. Immune Modulation of Metastatic Niche Formation in the Bone. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765994. [PMID: 34745140 PMCID: PMC8564379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is commonly seen in patients with breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Tumor-intrinsic factors and the tumor microenvironment cooperate to affect the formation of bone metastatic niche. Within the bone microenvironment, immune cells have been regarded as a major contributor to metastatic progression. In this review, we describe the dynamic roles of immune cells in regulating metastatic homing, seeding, dormancy, and outgrowth in the bone. We also summarize the diverse functions of immune molecules including chemokines, cytokines, and exosomes in remodeling the bone metastatic niche. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic and prognostic potential of these cellular and molecular players in bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Fernández-Nogueira P, Fuster G, Gutierrez-Uzquiza Á, Gascón P, Carbó N, Bragado P. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Breast Cancer Treatment Response and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3146. [PMID: 34201840 PMCID: PMC8268405 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, with about one million new cases diagnosed each year. In spite of the improvements in diagnosis, early detection and treatment, there is still a high incidence of mortality and failure to respond to current therapies. With the use of several well-established biomarkers, such as hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), as well as genetic analysis, BrCa patients can be categorized into multiple subgroups: Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and Basal-like, with specific treatment strategies. Although chemotherapy and targeted therapies have greatly improved the survival of patients with BrCa, there is still a large number of patients who relapse or who fail to respond. The role of the tumor microenvironment in BrCa progression is becoming increasingly understood. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the principal population of stromal cells in breast tumors. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of CAFs' role in altering the tumor response to therapeutic agents as well as in fostering metastasis in BrCa. In addition, we also review the available CAFs-directed molecular therapies and their potential implications for BrCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fernández-Nogueira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Gascón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Neus Carbó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Verbruggen SW, Thompson CL, Duffy MP, Lunetto S, Nolan J, Pearce OMT, Jacobs CR, Knight MM. Mechanical Stimulation Modulates Osteocyte Regulation of Cancer Cell Phenotype. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2906. [PMID: 34200761 PMCID: PMC8230361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast and prostate cancers preferentially metastasise to bone tissue, with metastatic lesions forming in the skeletons of most patients. On arriving in bone tissue, disseminated tumour cells enter a mechanical microenvironment that is substantially different to that of the primary tumour and is largely regulated by bone cells. Osteocytes, the most ubiquitous bone cell type, orchestrate healthy bone remodelling in response to physical exercise. However, the effects of mechanical loading of osteocytes on cancer cell behaviour is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to characterise the effects of osteocyte mechanical stimulation on the behaviour of breast and prostate cancer cells. To replicate an osteocyte-controlled environment, this study treated breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and prostate (PC-3 and LNCaP) cancer cell lines with conditioned media from MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells exposed to mechanical stimulation in the form of fluid shear stress. We found that osteocyte paracrine signalling acted to inhibit metastatic breast and prostate tumour growth, characterised by reduced proliferation and invasion and increased migration. In breast cancer cells, these effects were largely reversed by mechanical stimulation of osteocytes. In contrast, conditioned media from mechanically stimulated osteocytes had no effect on prostate cancer cells. To further investigate these interactions, we developed a microfluidic organ-chip model using the Emulate platform. This new organ-chip model enabled analysis of cancer cell migration, proliferation and invasion in the presence of mechanical stimulation of osteocytes by fluid shear stress, resulting in increased invasion of breast and prostate cancer cells. These findings demonstrate the importance of osteocytes and mechanical loading in regulating cancer cell behaviour and the need to incorporate these factors into predictive in vitro models of bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan W. Verbruggen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY 10027, USA; (M.P.D.); (C.R.J.)
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (C.L.T.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (M.M.K.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Clare L. Thompson
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (C.L.T.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (M.M.K.)
- Queen Mary + Emulate Organs-on-Chips Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Michael P. Duffy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY 10027, USA; (M.P.D.); (C.R.J.)
| | - Sophia Lunetto
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (C.L.T.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (M.M.K.)
| | - Joanne Nolan
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (C.L.T.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (M.M.K.)
- Queen Mary + Emulate Organs-on-Chips Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | - Oliver M. T. Pearce
- Barts Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 5PZ, UK;
| | - Christopher R. Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY 10027, USA; (M.P.D.); (C.R.J.)
| | - Martin M. Knight
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; (C.L.T.); (S.L.); (J.N.); (M.M.K.)
- Queen Mary + Emulate Organs-on-Chips Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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