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Zhao M, Zhang Y, Li L, Liu X, Zhou W, Wang C, Tang Y. KHDRBS3 accelerates glycolysis and promotes malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma via upregulating 14-3-3ζ. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:244. [PMID: 37848941 PMCID: PMC10583372 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. KH domain-containing, RNA-binding signal transduction-associated protein 3 (KHDRBS3) is an RNA-binding protein that is aberrantly expressed in multiple tumors; however, its expression and biological function in HCC have not been reported. METHODS KHDRBS3 knockdown and overexpression were performed using the lentiviral vector system to investigate the effects of KHDRBS3 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and glycolysis. Murine xenograft tumor models were constructed to study the role of KHDRBS3 on tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, RNA-Pull Down and RNA immunoprecipitation were utilized to explore the interaction between KHDRBS3 and 14-3-3ζ, a phosphopeptide-binding molecule encoded by YWHAZ. RESULTS KHDRBS3 was highly expressed in human HCC tissues and predicted the poor prognosis of patients with HCC. Knockdown of KHDRBS3 exhibited a carcinostatic effect in HCC and impeded proliferation and tumor growth, reduced glycolysis, enhanced cell sensitivity to doxorubicin, and induced apoptosis. On the contrary, forced expression of KHDRBS3 expedited the malignant biological behaviors of HCC cells. The expression of KHDRBS3 was positively correlated with the expression of 14-3-3ζ. RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays demonstrated that KHDRBS3 bound to YWHAZ. We further confirmed that 14-3-3ζ silencing significantly reversed the promotion of proliferation and glycolysis and the inhibition of apoptosis caused by KHDRBS3 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that KHDRBS3 promotes glycolysis and malignant progression of HCC through upregulating 14-3-3ζ expression, providing a possible target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83#, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yibing Zhang
- Department of Medical Affairs, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Longfei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83#, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83#, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenping Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83#, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83#, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yufu Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83#, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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2
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Li Z, Huang X, Li M, Chen YE, Wang Z, Liu L. A ubiquitination-mediated degradation system to target 14-3-3-binding phosphoproteins. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16318. [PMID: 37251884 PMCID: PMC10213371 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphorylation of 14-3-3 binding motif is involved in many cellular processes. A strategy that enables targeted degradation of 14-3-3-binding phosphoproteins (14-3-3-BPPs) for studying their functions is highly desirable for basic research. Here, we report a phosphorylation-induced, ubiquitin-proteasome-system-mediated targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategy that allows specific degradation of 14-3-3-BPPs. Specifically, by ligating a modified von Hippel-Lindau E3-ligase with an engineered 14-3-3 bait, we generated a protein chimera referred to as Targeted Degradation of 14-3-3-binding PhosphoProtein (TDPP). TDPP can serve as a universal degrader for 14-3-3-BPPs based on the specific recognition of the phosphorylation in 14-3-3 binding motifs. TDPP shows high efficiency and specificity to a difopein-EGFP reporter, general and specific 14-3-3-BPPs. TDPP can also be applied for the validation of 14-3-3-BPPs. These results strongly support TDPP as a powerful tool for 14-3-3 related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokai Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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3
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Interactions between 14-3-3 Proteins and Actin Cytoskeleton and Its Regulation by microRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer. ENDOCRINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines3040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
14-3-3s are a family of structurally similar proteins that bind to phosphoserine or phosphothreonine residues, forming the central signaling hub that coordinates or integrates various cellular functions, thereby controlling many pathways important in cancer, cell motility, cell death, cytoskeletal remodeling, neuro-degenerative disorders and many more. Their targets are present in all cellular compartments, and when they bind to proteins they alter their subcellular localization, stability, and molecular interactions with other proteins. Changes in environmental conditions that result in altered homeostasis trigger the interaction between 14-3-3 and other proteins to retrieve or rescue homeostasis. In circumstances where these regulatory proteins are dysregulated, it leads to pathological conditions. Therefore, deeper understanding is needed on how 14-3-3 proteins bind, and how these proteins are regulated or modified. This will help to detect disease in early stages or design inhibitors to block certain pathways. Recently, more research has been devoted to identifying the role of MicroRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs, which play an important role in regulating gene expression. Although there are many reviews on the role of 14-3-3 proteins in cancer, they do not provide a holistic view of the changes in the cell, which is the focus of this review. The unique feature of the review is that it not only focuses on how the 14-3-3 subunits associate and dissociate with their binding and regulatory proteins, but also includes the role of micro-RNAs and long non-coding RNAs and how they regulate 14-3-3 isoforms. The highlight of the review is that it focuses on the role of 14-3-3, actin, actin binding proteins and Rho GTPases in cancer, and how this complex is important for cell migration and invasion. Finally, the reader is provided with super-resolution high-clarity images of each subunit of the 14-3-3 protein family, further depicting their distribution in HeLa cells to illustrate their interactions in a cancer cell.
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4
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Rajendra J, Ghorai A, Dutt S. 14-3-3ζ negatively regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in GBM residual cells. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08371. [PMID: 34825085 PMCID: PMC8605068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumour with a median survival of only 15 months. We have previously demonstrated the generation of an in vitro therapy resistance model that captures the residual resistant (RR) disease cells of GBM post-radiation. We also reported the proteomic landscape of parent, residual, and relapse cells using iTRAQ based quantitative proteomics of glioma cells. The proteomics data revealed significant up-regulation (fold change >1.5) of 14-3-3ζ, specifically in GBM RR cells. This was further confirmed by western blots in residual cells generated from GBM cell lines and patient sample-derived short-term primary culture. ShRNA-mediated knockdown of 14-3-3ζ radio-sensitized GBM cells and further stimulated therapy-induced senescence (TIS) and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) phenotype in RR cells. Intriguingly, 14-3-3ζ knockdown residual cells also showed a significantly higher number of mitochondria and increased mtDNA content. Indeed, in vitro GST pull-down mass spectrometry analysis of GST tagged 14-3-3ζ from RR cells identified novel interacting partners of 14-3-3ζ involved in cellular metabolism. Taken together, here we identified novel interacting partners of 14-3-3ζ and proposed an unconventional function of 14-3-3ζ as a negative regulator of TIS and mitochondrial biogenesis in residual resistant cells and loss of which also radio-sensitize GBM cells. 14-3-3ζ is up-regulated in residual disease cells of GBM. 14-3-3ζ knockdown radiosensitizes GBM cells. 14-3-3ζ knockdown increases MNGCs formation and senescence in residual cells. 14-3-3ζ negatively regulates mitochondrial biogenesis of residual disease cells. Novel interacting partners of 14-3-3ζ from residual cells are involved in cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinth Rajendra
- Shilpee Dutt Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Atanu Ghorai
- Shilpee Dutt Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Shilpee Dutt
- Shilpee Dutt Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400085, India
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5
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Liu Y, Wang Q, Wen J, Wu Y, Man C. MiR-375: A novel multifunctional regulator. Life Sci 2021; 275:119323. [PMID: 33744323 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MiR-375, a primitively described beta cell-specific miRNA, is confirmed to function as multi-functional regulator in diverse typical cellular pathways according to the follow-up researches. Based on the existing studies, miR-375 can regulate many functional genes and ectopic expressions of miR-375 are usually associated with pathological changes, and its expression regulation mechanism is mainly related to promoter methylation or circRNA. In this review, the regulatory functions of miR-375 in immunity, such as its relevance with macrophages, T helper cells and autoimmune diseases were briefly discussed. Also, the functions of miR-375 involved in inflammation, development and virus replication were reviewed. Finally, the mechanisms and application prospects of miR-375 in cancers were analyzed. Studies show that the application of miR-375 as therapeutic target and biomarker has a broad developing space in future. We hope this paper can provide reference for its further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Qiuyuan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Jie Wen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yiru Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chaolai Man
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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6
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Iranmanesh Y, Jiang B, Favour OC, Dou Z, Wu J, Li J, Sun C. Mitochondria's Role in the Maintenance of Cancer Stem Cells in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:582694. [PMID: 33692947 PMCID: PMC7937970 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.582694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the deadliest primary brain malignancies, is characterized by a high recurrence rate due to its limited response to existing therapeutic strategies such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. Several mechanisms and pathways have been identified to be responsible for GBM therapeutic resistance. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are known culprits of GBM resistance to therapy. GSCs are characterized by their unique self-renewal, differentiating capacity, and proliferative potential. They form a heterogeneous population of cancer stem cells within the tumor and are further divided into different subpopulations. Their distinct molecular, genetic, dynamic, and metabolic features distinguish them from neural stem cells (NSCs) and differentiated GBM cells. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting GSCs could effectively reduce the tumor-initiating potential, hence, a thorough understanding of mechanisms involved in maintaining GSCs' stemness cannot be overemphasized. The mitochondrion, a regulator of cellular physiological processes such as autophagy, cellular respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and cell cycle control, has been implicated in various malignancies (for instance, breast, lung, and prostate cancer). Besides, the role of mitochondria in GBM has been extensively studied. For example, when stressors, such as irradiation and hypoxia are present, GSCs utilize specific cytoprotective mechanisms like the activation of mitochondrial stress pathways to survive the harsh environment. Proliferating GBM cells exhibit increased cytoplasmic glycolysis in comparison to terminally differentiated GBM cells and quiescent GSCs that rely more on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Furthermore, the Warburg effect, which is characterized by increased tumor cell glycolysis and decreased mitochondrial metabolism in the presence of oxygen, has been observed in GBM. Herein, we highlight the importance of mitochondria in the maintenance of GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Okoye C Favour
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangqi Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfan Li
- Department of Pathology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chongran Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Yahya EB, Alqadhi AM. Recent trends in cancer therapy: A review on the current state of gene delivery. Life Sci 2021; 269:119087. [PMID: 33476633 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment has been always considered one of the most critical and vital themes of clinical issues. Many approaches have been developed, depending on the type and the stage of tumor. Gene therapy has the potential to revolutionize different cancer therapy. With the advent of recent bioinformatics technologies and genetic science, it become possible to identify, diagnose and determine the potential treatment using the technology of gene delivery. Several approaches have been developed and experimented in vitro and vivo for cancer therapy including: naked nucleic acids based therapy, targeting micro RNAs, oncolytic virotherapy, suicide gene based therapy, targeting telomerase, cell mediated gene therapy, and CRISPR/Cas9 based therapy. In this review, we present a straightforward introduction to cancer biology and occurrence, highlighting different viral and non-viral gene delivery systems for gene therapy and critically discussed the current and various strategies for cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam Bashir Yahya
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
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8
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Ebert LM, Yu W, Gargett T, Toubia J, Kollis PM, Tea MN, Ebert BW, Bardy C, van den Hurk M, Bonder CS, Manavis J, Ensbey KS, Oksdath Mansilla M, Scheer KG, Perrin SL, Ormsby RJ, Poonnoose S, Koszyca B, Pitson SM, Day BW, Gomez GA, Brown MP. Endothelial, pericyte and tumor cell expression in glioblastoma identifies fibroblast activation protein (FAP) as an excellent target for immunotherapy. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1191. [PMID: 33082953 PMCID: PMC7557106 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Targeted immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are emerging as attractive treatment options for glioblastoma, but rely on identification of a suitable tumor antigen. We validated a new target antigen for glioblastoma, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), by undertaking a detailed expression study of human samples. Methods Glioblastoma and normal tissues were assessed using immunostaining, supported by analyses of published transcriptomic datasets. Short-term cultures of glioma neural stem (GNS) cells were compared to cultures of healthy astrocytes and neurons using flow cytometry. Glioblastoma tissues were dissociated and analysed by high-parameter flow cytometry and single-cell transcriptomics (scRNAseq). Results Compared to normal brain, FAP was overexpressed at the gene and protein level in a large percentage of glioblastoma tissues, with highest levels of expression associated with poorer prognosis. FAP was also overexpressed in several paediatric brain cancers. FAP was commonly expressed by cultured GNS cells but absent from normal neurons and astrocytes. Within glioblastoma tissues, the strongest expression of FAP was around blood vessels. In fact, almost every tumor vessel was highlighted by FAP expression, whereas normal tissue vessels and cultured endothelial cells (ECs) lacked expression. Single-cell analyses of dissociated tumors facilitated a detailed characterisation of the main cellular components of the glioblastoma microenvironment and revealed that vessel-localised FAP is because of expression on both ECs and pericytes. Conclusion Fibroblast activation protein is expressed by multiple cell types within glioblastoma, highlighting it as an ideal immunotherapy antigen to target destruction of both tumor cells and their supporting vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Ebert
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Tessa Gargett
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - John Toubia
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Paris M Kollis
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Melinda N Tea
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Brenton W Ebert
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Cedric Bardy
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) Adelaide Australia.,College of Medicine & Public Health Flinders University Adelaide Australia
| | - Mark van den Hurk
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) Adelaide Australia.,College of Medicine & Public Health Flinders University Adelaide Australia
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Jim Manavis
- Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Kathleen S Ensbey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Sid Faithfull Brain Cancer Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia
| | | | - Kaitlin G Scheer
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Sally L Perrin
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Clinical and Health Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Rebecca J Ormsby
- College of Medicine & Public Health Flinders University Adelaide Australia
| | - Santosh Poonnoose
- College of Medicine & Public Health Flinders University Adelaide Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery Flinders Medical Centre Bedford Park Australia
| | - Barbara Koszyca
- Department of Anatomical Pathology SA Pathology Adelaide Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Bryan W Day
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Sid Faithfull Brain Cancer Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia.,Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD Australia.,Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Guillermo A Gomez
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia
| | - Michael P Brown
- Centre for Cancer Biology SA Pathology and University of South Australia Adelaide Australia.,Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia.,Cancer Clinical Trials Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide Australia
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