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Ye L, Tian C, Li Y, Pan H, Hu J, Shu L, Pan X. Hematopoietic aging: Cellular, molecular, and related mechanisms. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1303-1312. [PMID: 37898877 PMCID: PMC11191024 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aging is accompanied by significant inhibition of hematopoietic and immune system function and disruption of bone marrow structure. Aging-related alterations in the inflammatory response, immunity, and stem cell niches are at the root of hematopoietic aging. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hematopoietic and bone marrow aging can aid the clinical treatment of aging-related diseases. In particular, it is unknown how the niche reprograms hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in an age-dependent manner to maintain normal hematopoiesis in elderly individuals. Recently, specific inhibitors and blood exchange methods have been shown to reshape the hematopoietic niche and reverse hematopoietic aging. Here, we present the latest scientific discoveries related to hematopoietic aging and hematopoietic system rejuvenation, discuss the relationships between hematopoietic niche aging and HSC aging, and describe related studies on stem cell-mediated regulation of hematopoietic aging, aiming to provide new ideas for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ye
- The Stem Cells and Immune Cells Biomedical Techniques Integrated Engineering Laboratory of State and Regions, Cell Therapy Technology Transfer Medical Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Medical Laboratory, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
- Department of Immunology of School of Basic Medicine of Guizhou Medical University, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering Biomedical Technology, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guizhou Province, State Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Utilization of Medicinal Plants Co-constructed by Province and Ministry, Key Laboratory of Translational Research of Adult Stem Cell of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chuan Tian
- The Stem Cells and Immune Cells Biomedical Techniques Integrated Engineering Laboratory of State and Regions, Cell Therapy Technology Transfer Medical Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Medical Laboratory, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Ye Li
- The Stem Cells and Immune Cells Biomedical Techniques Integrated Engineering Laboratory of State and Regions, Cell Therapy Technology Transfer Medical Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Medical Laboratory, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
- Department of Immunology of School of Basic Medicine of Guizhou Medical University, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering Biomedical Technology, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guizhou Province, State Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Utilization of Medicinal Plants Co-constructed by Province and Ministry, Key Laboratory of Translational Research of Adult Stem Cell of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Hang Pan
- The Stem Cells and Immune Cells Biomedical Techniques Integrated Engineering Laboratory of State and Regions, Cell Therapy Technology Transfer Medical Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Medical Laboratory, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
- Department of Immunology of School of Basic Medicine of Guizhou Medical University, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering Biomedical Technology, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guizhou Province, State Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Utilization of Medicinal Plants Co-constructed by Province and Ministry, Key Laboratory of Translational Research of Adult Stem Cell of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jinxiu Hu
- The Stem Cells and Immune Cells Biomedical Techniques Integrated Engineering Laboratory of State and Regions, Cell Therapy Technology Transfer Medical Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Medical Laboratory, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Liping Shu
- Department of Immunology of School of Basic Medicine of Guizhou Medical University, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Cell Engineering Biomedical Technology, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guizhou Province, State Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Utilization of Medicinal Plants Co-constructed by Province and Ministry, Key Laboratory of Translational Research of Adult Stem Cell of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xinghua Pan
- The Stem Cells and Immune Cells Biomedical Techniques Integrated Engineering Laboratory of State and Regions, Cell Therapy Technology Transfer Medical Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Basic Medical Laboratory, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
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Xu X, Chen J, Zhao H, Pi Y, Lin G, Hu L. Single-Cell RNA-seq Analysis of a Human Embryonic Stem Cell to Endothelial Cell System Based on Transcription Factor Overexpression. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2497-2509. [PMID: 37537495 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived endothelial cells (ECs) possess therapeutic potential in many diseases. Cytokine supplementation induction and transcription factor overexpression have become two mainstream methods of hESC-EC induction. Single-cell RNA-seq technology has been widely used to analyse dynamic processes during hESC-EC induction and components of induced endothelial cells. However, studies that used single-cell RNA-seq are mainly based on cytokine supplementation methods. In this study, we used a high-efficiency human embryonic stem cell-endothelial cell line (hESC-EC) called the "FLI1-PKC system" as a research model and employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to investigate the transcriptional landscape and cellular dynamics. METHODS The high-efficiency hESC-EC induction (FLI1-PKC) system was established in our previous study. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the differentiated cells at different time points and investigated the gene expression profiles. RESULTS The FLI1-PKC induction system can directionally differentiate hESCs into mature endothelial cells with all the requisite functions. Unlike other hES-EC induction protocols, the FLI1-PKC method follows a different induction route; nonetheless, the transcriptome of induced endothelial cells (iECs) remains the same. The elevated number of activated transcription factors may explain why the FLI1-PKC system is more effective than other hES-EC protocols. CONCLUSION Our study has presented a single-cell transcriptional overview of a high-efficiency hESC-EC induction system, which can be used as a model and reference for further improvement in other hESC induction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiangWang Xu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - JunRu Chen
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, Hunan, 410008, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Human, China
| | - YuZe Pi
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, Hunan, 410008, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Development and Carcinogenesis, National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88#, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, Hunan, 410008, Changsha, China.
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Development and Carcinogenesis, National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Li L, Yu J, Cheng S, Peng Z, Ben-David Y, Luo H. Transcription factor Fli-1 as a new target for antitumor drug development. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1155-1168. [PMID: 35447268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli-1) belonging to the E26 Transformation-Specific (ETS) transcription factor family is not only expressed in normal cells such as hematopoietic stem cells and vascular endothelial cells, but also abnormally expressed in various malignant tumors including Ewing sarcoma, Merkel cell sarcoma, small cell lung carcinoma, benign or malignant hemangioma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma. Fli-1 binds to the promoter or enhancer of the target genes and participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes of tumor cells, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The expression of Fli-1 gene is related to the specific biological functions and characteristics of the tissue in which it is located. In tumor research, Fli-1 gene is used as a specific marker for the occurrence, metastasis, efficacy, and prognosis of tumors, thus, a potential new target for tumor diagnosis and treatment. These studies indicated that Fli-1 may be a specific candidate for antitumor drug development. Recent studies identified small molecules regulating Fli-1 thanks to our screened strategy of natural products and their derivatives. Therefore, in this review, the advanced research on Fli-1 as a target for antitumor drug development is analyzed in different cancers. The inhibitors and agonists of Fli-1 that regulate its expression are introduced and their clinical applications in the treatment of cancer, thus providing new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Sha Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China
| | - Heng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Science, Guiyang 550014, P.R. China.
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Ben-David Y, Gajendran B, Sample KM, Zacksenhaus E. Current insights into the role of Fli-1 in hematopoiesis and malignant transformation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:163. [PMID: 35412146 PMCID: PMC11072361 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fli-1, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors, was discovered in 1991 through retroviral insertional mutagenesis as a driver of mouse erythroleukemias. In the past 30 years, nearly 2000 papers have defined its biology and impact on normal development and cancer. In the hematopoietic system, Fli-1 controls self-renewal of stem cells and their differentiation into diverse mature blood cells. Fli-1 also controls endothelial survival and vasculogenesis, and high and low levels of Fli-1 are implicated in the auto-immune diseases systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, respectively. In addition, aberrant Fli-1 expression is observed in, and is essential for, the growth of multiple hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Here, we review the historical context and latest research on Fli-1, focusing on its role in hematopoiesis, immune response, and malignant transformation. The importance of identifying Fli-1 modulators (both agonists and antagonists) and their potential clinical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Klarke M Sample
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, Max Bell Research Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Jackson AO, Rahman GA, Yin K, Long S. Enhancing Matured Stem-Cardiac Cell Generation and Transplantation: A Novel Strategy for Heart Failure Therapy. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 14:556-572. [PMID: 33258081 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-10085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have shown that stem cells (SCs) including bone marrow mesenchymal stem (BMSC), embryonic bodies (EB), embryonic stem (ESC), human induced pluripotent stem (hiPSC)-derived cardiac cells generation, and transplantation treated myocardial infarction (MI) in vivo and in human. However, the immature phenotypes compromise their clinical application requiring immediate intervention to improve stem-derived cardiac cell (S-CCs) maturation. Recently, an unbiased multi-omic analysis involving genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics identified specific strategies for the generation of matured S-CCs that may enhance patients' recovery processes upon transplantation. However, these strategies still remain undisclosed. Here, we summarize the recently discovered strategies for the matured S-CC generation. In addition, cardiac patch formation and transplantation that accelerated HF recuperation in clinical trials are discussed. A better understanding of this work may lead to efficient generation of matured S-CCs for regenerative medicine. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ampadu O Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.,International College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.,Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ganiyu A Rahman
- Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Department of Surgery, School of Medical Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Kai Yin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiyin Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, China.
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Spencer HL, Sanders R, Boulberdaa M, Meloni M, Cochrane A, Spiroski AM, Mountford J, Emanueli C, Caporali A, Brittan M, Rodor J, Baker AH. The LINC00961 transcript and its encoded micropeptide, small regulatory polypeptide of amino acid response, regulate endothelial cell function. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1981-1994. [PMID: 31990292 PMCID: PMC8216332 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play functional roles in physiology and disease, yet understanding of their contribution to endothelial cell (EC) function is incomplete. We identified lncRNAs regulated during EC differentiation and investigated the role of LINC00961 and its encoded micropeptide, small regulatory polypeptide of amino acid response (SPAAR), in EC function. METHODS AND RESULTS Deep sequencing of human embryonic stem cell differentiation to ECs was combined with Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) RNA-seq data from vascular cells, identifying 278 endothelial enriched genes, including 6 lncRNAs. Expression of LINC00961, first annotated as an lncRNA but reassigned as a protein-coding gene for the SPAAR micropeptide, was increased during the differentiation and was EC enriched. LINC00961 transcript depletion significantly reduced EC adhesion, tube formation, migration, proliferation, and barrier integrity in primary ECs. Overexpression of the SPAAR open reading frame increased tubule formation; however, overexpression of the full-length transcript did not, despite production of SPAAR. Furthermore, overexpression of an ATG mutant of the full-length transcript reduced network formation, suggesting a bona fide non-coding RNA function of the transcript with opposing effects to SPAAR. As the LINC00961 locus is conserved in mouse, we generated an LINC00961 locus knockout (KO) mouse that underwent hind limb ischaemia (HLI) to investigate the angiogenic role of this locus in vivo. In agreement with in vitro data, KO animals had a reduced capillary density in the ischaemic adductor muscle after 7 days. Finally, to characterize LINC00961 and SPAAR independent functions in ECs, we performed pull-downs of both molecules and identified protein-binding partners. LINC00961 RNA binds the G-actin sequestering protein thymosin beta-4x (Tβ4) and Tβ4 depletion phenocopied the overexpression of the ATG mutant. SPAAR binding partners included the actin-binding protein, SYNE1. CONCLUSION The LINC00961 locus regulates EC function in vitro and in vivo. The gene produces two molecules with opposing effects on angiogenesis: SPAAR and LINC00961.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Spencer
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Rachel Sanders
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mounia Boulberdaa
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Marco Meloni
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Amy Cochrane
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ana-Mishel Spiroski
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joanne Mountford
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of
Glasgow, 126 University Pl, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Vascular Sciences and Cardiac Function,
Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College
London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrea Caporali
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mairi Brittan
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Julie Rodor
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research
Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh
EH16 4TJ, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of
Glasgow, 126 University Pl, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Yi B, Dissanayaka WL, Zhang C. Growth Factors and Small-molecule Compounds in Derivation of Endothelial Lineages from Dental Stem Cells. J Endod 2020; 46:S63-S70. [PMID: 32950197 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Incorporating fully assembled microvascular networks into bioengineered dental pulp constructs can significantly enhance functional blood flow and tissue survival upon transplantation. Endothelial cells (ECs), cellular building blocks of vascular tissue, play an essential role in the process of prevascularization. However, obtaining sufficient ECs from a suitable source for translational application is challenging. Dental stem cells (DSCs), which exhibit a robust proliferative ability and immunocompatibility because of their autologous origin, could be a promising alternative cell source for the derivation of endothelial lineages. Under specific culture conditions, DSCs differentiate into osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and neurogenic cell lineages. METHODS Recently, a new approach has been developed to directly reprogram cells using chemical cocktails and growth factors. Compared with the traditional reprogramming approach based on the forced expression of exogenous transcription factors, the chemical strategy avoids the risk associated with lentiviral transduction while offering a more viable methodology to drive cell lineage switch. The aim of this review was to unveil the concept of the use of small-molecule compounds and growth factors modulating key signaling pathways to derive ECs from DSCs. RESULTS In addition, our preliminary study showed that stem cells from the apical papilla could be induced into EC-like cells using small-molecule compounds and growth factors. These EC-like cells expressed endothelial specific genes (CD31 and VEGFR2) and proteins (CD31, VEGF receptor 2, and vascular endothelial cadherin) as well as gave rise to vessel-like tubular structures in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary results suggest that chemical reprogramming might offer a novel way to generate EC-like cells from dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baicheng Yi
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Waruna Lakmal Dissanayaka
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China.
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Farkas S, Simara P, Rehakova D, Veverkova L, Koutna I. Endothelial Progenitor Cells Produced From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by a Synergistic Combination of Cytokines, Small Compounds, and Serum-Free Medium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:309. [PMID: 32509776 PMCID: PMC7249886 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are a promising source of autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that can be used for the treatment of vascular diseases. However, this kind of treatment requires a large amount of EPCs. Therefore, a highly efficient, robust, and easily reproducible differentiation protocol is necessary. We present a novel serum-free differentiation protocol that exploits the synergy of multiple powerful differentiation effectors. Our protocol follows the proper physiological pathway by differentiating EPCs from hPSCs in three phases that mimic in vivo embryonic vascular development. Specifically, hPSCs are differentiated into (i) primitive streak, which is subsequently turned into (ii) mesoderm, which finally differentiates into (iii) EPCs. This differentiation process yields up to 15 differentiated cells per seeded hPSC in 5 days. Endothelial progenitor cells constitute up to 97% of these derived cells. The experiments were performed on the human embryonic stem cell line H9 and six human induced pluripotent stem cell lines generated in our laboratory. Therefore, robustness was verified using many hPSC lines. Two previously established protocols were also adapted and compared to our synergistic three-phase protocol. Increased efficiency and decreased variability were observed for our differentiation protocol in comparison to the other tested protocols. Furthermore, EPCs derived from hPSCs by our protocol expressed the high-proliferative-potential EPC marker CD157 on their surface in addition to the standard EPC surface markers CD31, CD144, CD34, KDR, and CXCR4. Our protocol enables efficient fully defined production of autologous endothelial progenitors for research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Farkas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Theoretical Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Simara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Theoretical Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Daniela Rehakova
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lenka Veverkova
- I. Surgery Department, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Irena Koutna
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Theoretical Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
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Zhao H, Li M, Ouyang Q, Lin G, Hu L. VEGF Promotes Endothelial Cell Differentiation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells Mainly Through PKC-ɛ/η Pathway. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:90-99. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Mengge Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Ouyang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Changsha, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China
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