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Le Clorennec C, Subramonian D, Huo Y, Zage PE. UBE4B interacts with the ITCH E3 ubiquitin ligase to induce Ku70 and c-FLIPL polyubiquitination and enhanced neuroblastoma apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:739. [PMID: 37957138 PMCID: PMC10643674 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the UBE4B ubiquitin ligase is strongly associated with neuroblastoma patient outcomes, but the functional roles of UBE4B in neuroblastoma pathogenesis are not known. We evaluated interactions of UBE4B with the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH/AIP4 and the effects of UBE4B expression on Ku70 and c-FLIPL ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blots. We also evaluated the role of UBE4B in apoptosis induced by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition using Western blots. UBE4B binding to ITCH was mediated by WW domains in the ITCH protein. ITCH activation led to ITCH-UBE4B complex formation and recruitment of Ku70 and c-FLIPL via ITCH WW domains, followed by Ku70 and c-FLIPL Lys48/Lys63 branched polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. HDAC inhibition induced Ku70 acetylation, leading to release of c-FLIPL and Bax from Ku70, increased Ku70 and c-FLIPL Lys48/Lys63 branched polyubiquitination via the ITCH-UBE4B complex, and induction of apoptosis. UBE4B depletion led to reduced polyubiquitination and increased levels of Ku70 and c-FLIPL and to reduced apoptosis induced by HDAC inhibition via stabilization of c-FLIPL and Ku70 and inhibition of caspase 8 activation. Our results have identified novel interactions and novel targets for UBE4B ubiquitin ligase activity and a direct role for the ITCH-UBE4B complex in responses of neuroblastoma cells to HDAC inhibition, suggesting that the ITCH-UBE4B complex plays a critical role in responses of neuroblastoma to therapy and identifying a potential mechanism underlying the association of UBE4B expression with neuroblastoma patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Clorennec
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Divya Subramonian
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuchen Huo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter E Zage
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
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2
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Shahriari Felordi M, Alikhani M, Farzaneh Z, Alipour Choshali M, Ebrahimi M, Aboulkheyr Es H, Piryaei A, Najimi M, Vosough M. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induced apoptosis by dissociation of c-FLIP/Ku70 complex in gastric cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2572-2582. [PMID: 37537749 PMCID: PMC10468655 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer properties of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) are mediated via apoptosis induction, as well as inhibition of cell proliferation and histone deacetylase. Accumulation of stabilized cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP)/Ku70 complex in the cytoplasm inhibits apoptosis through interruption of extrinsic apoptosis pathway. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer role of EGCG in gastric cancer (GC) cells through dissociation of c-FLIP/Ku70 complex. MKN-45 cells were treated with EGCG or its antagonist MG149 for 24 h. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR. Protein expression of c-FLIP and Ku70 was analysed using western blot and immunofluorescence. Dissociation of c-FLIP/Ku70 complex as well as Ku70 translocation were studied by sub-cellular fractionation and co-immunoprecipitation. EGCG induced apoptosis in MKN-45 cells with substantial up-regulation of P53 and P21, down-regulation of c-Myc and Cyclin D1 as well as cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M check points. Moreover, EGCG treatment suppressed the expression of c-FLIP and Ku70, decreased their interaction while increasing the Ku70 nuclear content. By dissociating the c-FLIP/Ku70 complex, EGCG could be an alternative component to the conventional HDAC inhibitors in order to induce apoptosis in GC cells. Thus, its combination with other cancer therapy protocols could result in a better therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Shahriari Felordi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Alikhani
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Zahra Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Mahmoud Alipour Choshali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Hamidreza Aboulkheyr Es
- School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell TherapyInstitute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
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3
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Peng X, Li L, Chen J, Ren Y, Liu J, Yu Z, Cao H, Chen J. Discovery of Novel Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) Inhibitors with Enhanced Antitumor Immunity of Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Melanoma. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2434-2457. [PMID: 35043615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-phenylthiazole analogues were designed and synthesized as potential histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors based on compound 12c (an HDAC6/tubulin dual inhibitor discovered by us recently) and CAY10603 (a known HDAC6 inhibitor). Among them, compound XP5 was the most potent HDAC6 inhibitor with an IC50 of 31 nM and excellent HDAC6 selectivity (SI = 338 for HDAC6 over HDAC3). XP5 also displayed high antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell lines including the HDACi-resistant YCC3/7 gastric cancer cells (IC50 = 0.16-2.31 μM), better than CAY10603. Further, XP5 (50 mg/kg) exhibited significant antitumor efficacy in a melanoma tumor model with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 63% without apparent toxicity. Moreover, XP5 efficiently enhanced the in vivo antitumor immune response when combined with a small-molecule PD-L1 inhibitor, as demonstrated by the increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and reduced PD-L1 expression levels. Taken together, the above results suggest that XP5 is a promising HDAC6 inhibitor deserving further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
| | - Jingxuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
| | - Yichang Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
| | - Jin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
| | - Ziwen Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
| | - Hao Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516000, China
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4
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Al-Yhya N, Khan MF, Almeer RS, Alshehri MM, Aldughaim MS, Wadaan MA. Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC1/3-interacting proteins induced morphological changes, and hindered the cell proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:49000-49013. [PMID: 33929667 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liver diseases are particularly severe health problems, but the options available for preventing and treating them remain limited. Accumulating evidence has shown that there is altered expression of individual histone deacetylase (HDAC) family members in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In a previous study, we have identified a set of proteins which interact with histone deacetylase 1 and 3 (HDAC1/3) in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 by proteomic approach. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential and expression of HDAC1/3-interacting genes in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). Pharmacological and transcriptional inhibition of HDAC1/3 resulted in the suppression of cancer cell proliferation, change of cell morphology, and downregulation of HDAC1/3 genes in HepG2 cells. The pharmacological inhibition also resulted in inhibition of liver cancer cell migration by wound scratch assay. Taken together, the results from this study show that the upregulation of HDAC1/3 in hepatocellular carcinoma resulted in the overexpression of CNOT1, PFDN2/6, and HMG20B, and that these genes could serve as novel molecular targets in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Al-Yhya
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Bio-products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rafa Sharaf Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mana M Alshehri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Aldughaim
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, P.O.BOX:59046, Riyadh, 1152, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Wadaan
- Bio-products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Hai R, He L, Shu G, Yin G. Characterization of Histone Deacetylase Mechanisms in Cancer Development. Front Oncol 2021; 11:700947. [PMID: 34395273 PMCID: PMC8360675 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.700947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over decades of studies, accumulating evidence has suggested that epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of tumours. Post-translational modifications of histones are involved in tumour pathogenesis and development mainly by influencing a broad range of physiological processes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are pivotal epigenetic modulators that regulate dynamic processes in the acetylation of histones at lysine residues, thereby influencing transcription of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. Moreover, HDACs mediate the deacetylation process of many nonhistone proteins and thus orchestrate a host of pathological processes, such as tumour pathogenesis. In this review, we elucidate the functions of HDACs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihan Hai
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuer He
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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6
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Sui H, Chen Q, Imamichi T. Cytoplasmic-translocated Ku70 senses intracellular DNA and mediates interferon-lambda1 induction. Immunology 2021; 163:323-337. [PMID: 33548066 PMCID: PMC8207419 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified that human Ku70, a nuclear protein, serves as a cytosolic DNA sensor. Upon transfection with DNA or infection with DNA virus, Ku70 translocates from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and then predominately induces interferon lambda1 (IFN-λ1) rather than IFN-alpha or IFN-beta, through a STING-dependent signalling pathway. However, a detailed mechanism for Ku70 cytoplasmic translocation and its correlation with IFN-λ1 induction have not been fully elucidated. Here, we observed that cytoplasmic translocation of Ku70 only occurred in DNA-triggered IFN-λ1-inducible cells. Additionally, infection by Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1), a DNA virus, induces cytoplasmic translocation of Ku70 and IFN-λ1 induction in a strain-dependent manner: the translocation and IFN-λ1 induction were detected upon infection by HSV-1 McKrae, but not MacIntyre, strain. A kinetic analysis indicated that cytoplasmic translocation of Ku70 was initiated right after DNA transfection and was peaked at 6 hr after DNA stimulation. Furthermore, treatment with leptomycin B, a nuclear export inhibitor, inhibited both Ku70 translocation and IFN-λ1 induction, suggesting that Ku70 translocation is an essential and early event for its cytosolic DNA sensing. We further confirmed that enhancing the acetylation status of the cells promotes Ku70's cytoplasmic accumulation, and therefore increases DNA-mediated IFN-λ1 induction. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism by which the versatile sensor detects pathogenic DNA in a localization-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Sui
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and ImmunoinformaticsFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
| | - Qian Chen
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and ImmunoinformaticsFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
| | - Tomozumi Imamichi
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and ImmunoinformaticsFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
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7
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Liang T, Xue J, Yao Z, Ye Y, Yang X, Hou X, Fang H. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3, 4-disubstituted-imidazolidine-2, 5-dione derivatives as HDAC6 selective inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113526. [PMID: 33992929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HDAC6 isoform selective inhibitors can be pursued as an alternative to pan-HDACs inhibitors due to their therapeutic effect and low toxicity. Efforts of the structure optimization of our previous compound 10c (IC50 = 4.4 nM) resulted in a new series of 3, 4-disubstituted-imidazolidine-2, 5-dione based HDAC6 inhibitors with better HDAC6 inhibitory activities and improved selectivities. The most potent compound 71 exhibited a low nanomolar HDAC6 inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.1 nM) and showed 5545-fold, 5864-fold as well as 1638-fold selectivity relative to HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC8, respectively. Western blot analysis further confirmed that compound 71 selectively increased the acetylation level of α-tubulin without affecting histone H3. Moreover, compound 71 also possesses good properties in term of caspase-3 activation, apoptosis induction, anti-proliferative activity, cytotoxicity and plasma stability. Therefore, compound 71 can be applied in cancer therapy or used as a lead compound to develop more potent HDAC6 selective inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Junxin Xue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zefu Yao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinying Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuben Hou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44, West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
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8
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Guo Y, Li X, He Z, Ma D, Zhang Z, Wang W, Xiong J, Kuang X, Wang J. HDAC3 Silencing Enhances Acute B Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Cells Sensitivity to MG-132 by Inhibiting the JAK/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Signaling Pathway. Chemotherapy 2020; 65:85-100. [PMID: 32966974 DOI: 10.1159/000500713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE HDAC3, which is associated with smurf2, has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in B-ALL. This study examined the efficacy of targeting HDAC3 combined with MG-132 as a possible therapeutic strategy for B-ALL patients. METHODS Real-time PCR and western blot were used to measure the expression of smurf2 and HDAC3 from B-ALL patients bone marrow samples. Sup-B15 and CCRF-SB cells were treated with MG-132, small interfering RNA of smurf2 or HDAC3. A plasmid designed to up-regulate smurf2 expression was transfected into B-ALL cells. Flow cytometry and western blot were used to measure variation due to these treatments in terms of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. RESULTS Expression of Smurf2 and HDAC3 mRNA were inversely related in B-ALL patients. Up-regulation of smurf2 or MG-132 influenced HDAC3, further inhibiting the JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signal pathway and inducing apoptosis in B-ALL cells. When we treated Sup-B15 and CCRF-SB cells with siHDAC3 and MG-132 for 24 h, silencing HDAC3 enhanced the apoptosis rate induced by MG-132 in B-ALL cells and further inhibited the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, MG-132 was observed to cause G2/M phase arrest in B-ALL cells and inhibited the JAK/STAT3 pathway, leading to apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Silencing of HDAC3 enhanced the sensitivity of B-ALL cells to MG-132. The combination of targeting HDAC3 and MG-132 may provide a new avenue for clinical treatment of acute B lymphocytic leukaemia and improve the poor survival of leukaemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongling Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hematology, Guiyang Hospital of Guizhou Aviation Industry Group, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengchang He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Weili Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyi Kuang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jishi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic Treat Centre of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China,
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9
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Synthesis and antitumor effects of novel 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives featuring an exocyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety in ring A. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104187. [PMID: 32890994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) derivatives featuring an exocyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety in ring A were synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activities. Compounds 5c and 5l showed stronger cytotoxicity than other compounds and reported GA analogue CDODA-Me (methyl 2-cyano-3,11-dioxo-18β-olean-1,12-dien-30-oate). 5c and 5l induced apoptosis in cancer cells accompanying with c-Flip reduction and Noxa induction, associated with decreased HDAC3 expression and increased acetylation of H3. 5l displayed better stability properties than 5c and CDODA-Me in microsomes and plasma, 5l also showed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and inhibited tumor growth in mice. Compound 5l represents a new type of GA derivatives with improved antitumor activity.
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10
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Huang M, Xie X, Gong P, Wei Y, Du H, Xu Y, Xu Q, Jing Y, Zhao L. A 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid conjugate with Vorinostat degrades HDAC3 and HDAC6 with improved antitumor effects. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 188:111991. [PMID: 31883490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Semisynthetic 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) analogues bearing 1-en-2-cyano-3-oxo substitution on ring A have enhanced antitumor effects with reduced levels of HDAC3 and HDAC6 proteins. Aiming to inhibit both HDAC protein and activity, we developed a hybrid molecule by tethering active GA analogue methyl 2-cyano-3,11-dioxo-18β-olean-1,12-dien-30-oate (CDODA-Me) and Vorinostat (SAHA). We tested the proper hybrid approaches of GA with hydroxamic acid and turned out that GA conjugated with SAHA by a piperazine linker was the best. The conjugate (15) of CDODA-Me and SAHA linked through a piperazine group was a potent cytotoxic agent against cancer cells with apoptosis induction. Compound 15 was more effective than the simple combination of CDODA-Me and SAHA to induce apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed that 15 was less effective than SAHA to inhibit HDAC activity, but was more effective than CDODA-Me to decrease the levels of HDAC3 and HDAC6 proteins with upregulated levels of acetylated H3 and acetylated α-tubulin. Compound 15 represents a new HDAC3 and HDAC6 inhibitor by reducing protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaorui Xie
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yunfei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Heliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuanbo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qihao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yongkui Jing
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Linxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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11
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Apoptosis Induction byHistone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cancer Cells: Role of Ku70. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071601. [PMID: 30935057 PMCID: PMC6480544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that regulate gene transcription by controlling deacetylation of histones and non-histone proteins. Overexpression of HDACs is found in some types of tumors and predicts poor prognosis. Five HDAC inhibitors are approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors regulates gene expression with increased acetylated histones with unconfirmed connection with therapy. Apoptosis is a key mechanism by which HDAC inhibitors selectively kill cancer cells, probably due to acetylation of non-histone proteins. Ku70 is a protein that repairs DNA breaks and stabilizes anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIP and proapoptotic protein Bax, which is regulated by acetylation. HDAC inhibitors induce Ku70 acetylation with repressed c-FLIP and activated Bax in cancer cells. Current studies indicate that Ku70 is a potential target of HDAC inhibitors and plays an important role during the induction of apoptosis.
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12
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Cytoplasmic FLIP(S) and nuclear FLIP(L) mediate resistance of castrate-resistant prostate cancer to apoptosis induced by IAP antagonists. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1081. [PMID: 30349042 PMCID: PMC6197283 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in the serum of prostate cancer patients is associated with poorer outcome and progression to castrate-resistant (CRPC) disease. TNFα promotes the activity of NFκB, which regulates a number of anti-apoptotic and proinflammatory genes, including those encoding the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs); however, in the presence of IAP antagonists, TNFα can induce cell death. In the presence of recombinant or macrophage-derived TNFα, we found that IAP antagonists triggered degradation of cIAP1 and induced formation of Complex-IIb, consisting of caspase-8, FADD and RIPK1 in CRPC models; however, no, or modest levels of apoptosis were induced. This resistance was found to be mediated by both the long (L) and short (S) splice forms of the caspase-8 inhibitor, FLIP, another NFκB-regulated protein frequently overexpressed in CRPC. By decreasing FLIP expression at the post-transcriptional level in PC3 and DU145 cells (but not VCaP), the Class-I histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Entinostat promoted IAP antagonist-induced cell death in these models in a manner dependent on RIPK1, FADD and Caspase-8. Of note, Entinostat primarily targeted the nuclear rather than cytoplasmic pool of FLIP(L). While the cytoplasmic pool of FLIP(L) was highly stable, the nuclear pool was more labile and regulated by the Class-I HDAC target Ku70, which we have previously shown regulates FLIP stability. The efficacy of IAP antagonist (TL32711) and Entinostat combination and their effects on cIAP1 and FLIP respectively were confirmed in vivo, highlighting the therapeutic potential for targeting IAPs and FLIP in proinflammatory CRPC.
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