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Gupta I, Badrzadeh F, Tsentalovich Y, Gaykalova DA. Connecting the dots: investigating the link between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic influences in metabolomic alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:239. [PMID: 39169426 PMCID: PMC11337877 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for around 90% of all oral cancers and is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Despite progress in managing OSCC, the overall prognosis remains poor, with a survival rate of around 50-60%, largely due to tumor size and recurrence. The challenges of late-stage diagnosis and limitations in current methods emphasize the urgent need for less invasive techniques to enable early detection and treatment, crucial for improving outcomes in this aggressive form of oral cancer. Research is currently aimed at unraveling tumor-specific metabolite profiles to identify candidate biomarkers as well as discover underlying pathways involved in the onset and progression of cancer that could be used as new targets for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Metabolomics is an advanced technological approach to identify metabolites in different sample types (biological fluids and tissues). Since OSCC promotes metabolic reprogramming influenced by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including tobacco and alcohol consumption, and viral infections, the identification of distinct metabolites through screening may aid in the diagnosis of this condition. Moreover, studies have shown the use of metabolites during the catalysis of epigenetic modification, indicating a link between epigenetics and metabolism. In this review, we will focus on the link between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic influences in metabolomic alterations in OSCC. In addition, we will discuss therapeutic targets of tumor metabolism, which may prevent oral tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fariba Badrzadeh
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Tsentalovich
- International tomography center CB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Daria A Gaykalova
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute for Genome Sciences, 670 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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2
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Zhang L, Cao Z, Hong Y, He H, Chen L, Yu Z, Gao Y. Squalene Epoxidase: Its Regulations and Links with Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3874. [PMID: 38612682 PMCID: PMC11011400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) is a key enzyme in the mevalonate-cholesterol pathway that plays a critical role in cellular physiological processes. It converts squalene to 2,3-epoxysqualene and catalyzes the first oxygenation step in the pathway. Recently, intensive efforts have been made to extend the current knowledge of SQLE in cancers through functional and mechanistic studies. However, the underlying mechanisms and the role of SQLE in cancers have not been fully elucidated yet. In this review, we retrospected current knowledge of SQLE as a rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate-cholesterol pathway, while shedding light on its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker, and revealed its therapeutic values in cancers. We showed that SQLE is regulated at different levels and is involved in the crosstalk with iron-dependent cell death. Particularly, we systemically reviewed the research findings on the role of SQLE in different cancers. Finally, we discussed the therapeutic implications of SQLE inhibitors and summarized their potential clinical values. Overall, this review discussed the multifaceted mechanisms that involve SQLE to present a vivid panorama of SQLE in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuheng Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Haihua He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Leifeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Central Laboratory & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Precision Medicine for Cancers, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Wu MJ, Lu WC, Li YC, Chang CJ, Yang JY. Metabolic switch regulates lineage plasticity and induces synthetic lethality in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Metab 2024; 36:193-208.e8. [PMID: 38171333 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is key for cancer development, yet the mechanism that sustains triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell growth despite deficient pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and tumor glycolysis remains to be determined. Here, we find that deficiency in tumor glycolysis activates a metabolic switch from glycolysis to fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) to fuel TNBC growth. We show that, in TNBC cells, PKM2 directly interacts with histone methyltransferase EZH2 to coordinately mediate epigenetic silencing of a carnitine transporter, SLC16A9. Inhibition of PKM2 leads to impaired EZH2 recruitment to SLC16A9, and in turn de-represses SLC16A9 expression to increase intracellular carnitine influx, programming TNBC cells to an FAO-dependent and luminal-like cell state. Together, these findings reveal a new metabolic switch that drives TNBC from a metabolically heterogeneous-lineage plastic cell state to an FAO-dependent-lineage committed cell state, where dual targeting of EZH2 and FAO induces potent synthetic lethality in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingsheng Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | - Meng-Ju Wu
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Departments of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wan-Chi Lu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Li
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chun Ju Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Yen Yang
- Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan.
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4
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Lin X, Zhou W, Liu Z, Cao W, Lin C. Targeting cellular metabolism in head and neck cancer precision medicine era: A promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3101-3120. [PMID: 36263514 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most prevalent cancer worldwide, with the most severe impact on quality of life of patients. Despite the development of multimodal therapeutic approaches, the clinical outcomes of HNSCC are still unsatisfactory, mainly caused by relatively low responsiveness to treatment and severe drug resistance. Metabolic reprogramming is currently considered to play a pivotal role in anticancer therapeutic resistance. This review aimed to define the specific metabolic programs and adaptations in HNSCC therapy resistance. An extensive literature review of HNSCC was conducted via the PubMed including metabolic reprogramming, chemo- or immune-therapy resistance. Glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism are closely related to the malignant biological characteristics of cancer, anti-tumor drug resistance, and adverse clinical results. For HNSCC, pyruvate, lactate and almost all lipid categories are related to the occurrence and maintenance of drug resistance, and targeting amino acid metabolism can prevent tumor development and enhance the response of drug-resistant tumors to anticancer therapy. This review will provide a better understanding of the altered metabolism in therapy resistance of HNSCC and promote the development of new therapeutic strategies against HNSCC, thereby contribute to a more efficacious precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenkai Zhou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheqi Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhong Lin
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- The 2nd Dental Center, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Liang J, Li L, Li L, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Xiao X. Lipid metabolism reprogramming in head and neck cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1271505. [PMID: 37927468 PMCID: PMC10622980 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1271505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism reprogramming is one of the most prominent metabolic anomalies in cancer, wherein cancer cells undergo dysregulation of lipid metabolism to acquire adequate energy, cell membrane building blocks, as well as signaling molecules essential for cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. These adaptations enable cancer cells to effectively respond to challenges posed by the tumor microenvironment, leading to cancer therapy resistance and poor cancer prognosis. Head and neck cancer, ranking as the seventh most prevalent cancer, exhibits numerous abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Nevertheless, the precise role of lipid metabolic rewiring in head and neck cancer remains unclear. In line with the LIPID MAPS Lipid Classification System and cancer risk factors, the present review delves into the dysregulated molecules and pathways participating in the process of lipid uptake, biosynthesis, transportation, and catabolism. We also present an overview of the latest advancements in understanding alterations in lipid metabolism and how they intersect with the carcinogenesis, development, treatment, and prognosis of head and neck cancer. By shedding light on the significance of metabolic therapy, we aspire to improve the overall prognosis and treatment outcomes of head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Limei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
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6
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O'Brien E, Tse C, Tracy I, Reddin I, Selfe J, Gibson J, Tapper W, Pengelly RJ, Gao J, Aladowicz E, Petts G, Thway K, Popov S, Kelsey A, Underwood TJ, Shipley J, Walters ZS. Pharmacological EZH2 inhibition combined with retinoic acid treatment promotes differentiation and apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:167. [PMID: 37858275 PMCID: PMC10588044 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01583-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are predominantly paediatric sarcomas thought to originate from muscle precursor cells due to impaired myogenic differentiation. Despite intensive treatment, 5-year survival for patients with advanced disease remains low (< 30%), highlighting a need for novel therapies to improve outcomes. Differentiation therapeutics are agents that induce differentiation of cancer cells from malignant to benign. The histone methyltransferase, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) suppresses normal skeletal muscle differentiation and is highly expressed in RMS tumours. RESULTS We demonstrate combining inhibition of the epigenetic modulator EZH2 with the differentiating agent retinoic acid (RA) is more effective at reducing cell proliferation in RMS cell lines than single agents alone. In PAX3-FOXO1 positive RMS cells this is due to an RA-driven induction of the interferon pathway resulting in apoptosis. In fusion negative RMS, combination therapy led to an EZH2i-driven upregulation of myogenic signalling resulting in differentiation. In both subtypes, EZH2 is significantly associated with enrichment of trimethylated lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) in genes that are downregulated in untreated RMS cells and upregulated with EZH2 inhibitor treatment. These results provide insight into the mechanism that drives the anti-cancer effect of the EZH2/RA single agent and combination treatment and indicate that the reduction of EZH2 activity combined with the induction of RA signalling represents a potential novel therapeutic strategy to treat both subtypes of RMS. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate the potential utility of combining EZH2 inhibitors with differentiation agents for the treatment of paediatric rhabdomyosarcomas. As EZH2 inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical trials for adult and paediatric solid tumours and retinoic acid differentiation agents are already in clinical use this presents a readily translatable potential therapeutic strategy. Moreover, as inhibition of EZH2 in the poor prognosis FPRMS subtype results in an inflammatory response, it is conceivable that this strategy may also synergise with immunotherapies for a more effective treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor O'Brien
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Carmen Tse
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian Tracy
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian Reddin
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Joanna Selfe
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jane Gibson
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - William Tapper
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Reuben J Pengelly
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jinhui Gao
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ewa Aladowicz
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gemma Petts
- Department of Paediatric Pathology, University of Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Khin Thway
- Pathology Department, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sergey Popov
- Cellular Pathology Department, Cardiff and Vale UHB, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anna Kelsey
- Department of Paediatric Pathology, University of Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Janet Shipley
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Zoë S Walters
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Zhou W, Feng Y, Lin C, CHAO CK, He Z, Zhao S, Xue J, Zhao X, Cao W. Yin Yang 1-Induced Long Noncoding RNA DUXAP9 Drives the Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Blocking CDK1-Mediated EZH2 Degradation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207549. [PMID: 37401236 PMCID: PMC10477890 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
LncRNAs play a critical role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression. However, the function and detailed molecular mechanism of most lncRNAs in OSCC are not fully understood. Here, a novel nuclear-localized lncRNA, DUXAP9 (DUXAP9), that is highly expressed in OSCC is identified. A high level of DUXAP9 is positively associated with lymph node metastasis, poor pathological differentiation, advanced clinical stage, worse overall survival, and worse disease-specific survival in OSCC patients. Overexpression of DUXAP9 significantly promotes OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth and metastasis, and upregulates N-cadherin, Vimentin, Ki67, PCNA, and EZH2 expression and downregulates E-cadherin in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown of DUXAP9 remarkably suppresses OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth in vitro and in vivo in an EZH2-dependent manner. Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is found to activate the transcriptional expression of DUXAP9 in OSCC. Furthermore, DUXAP9 physically interacts with EZH2 and inhibits EZH2 degradation via the suppression of EZH2 phosphorylation, thereby blocking EZH2 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Thus, DUXAP9 can serve as a promising target for OSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck OncologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011China
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Yisheng Feng
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Chengzhong Lin
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
- The 2nd Dental CenterShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200011China
| | - Chi Kuan CHAO
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Ziqi He
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Shiyao Zhao
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
| | - Jieyuan Xue
- Department of CardiologyShanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030China
| | - Xu‐Yun Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationKey Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck OncologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalCollege of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200011China
- National Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of StomatologyShanghai200011China
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8
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Ma L, Huang W, Liang X, Bai G, Wang X, Jiang H, Xin Y, Hu L, Chen X, Liu C. Inhibition of squalene epoxidase linking with PI3K/AKT signaling pathway suppresses endometrial cancer. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3595-3607. [PMID: 37438885 PMCID: PMC10475781 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common malignant tumor that lacks any therapeutic target and, in many cases, recurrence is the leading ca use of morbidity and mortality in women. Widely known EC has a strongly positive correlation with abnormal lipid metabolism. Squalene epoxidase (SQLE), a crucial enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway regulating lipid metabolic processes has been found to be associated with various cancers in recent years. Here, we focused on studying the role of SQLE in EC. Our study revealed that SQLE expression level was upregulated significantly in EC tissues. In vitro experiments showed that SQLE overexpression significantly promoted the proliferation, and inhibited cell apoptosis of EC cells, whereas SQLE knockdown or use of terbinafine showed the opposite results. Furthermore, we found out that the promotional effect of SQLE on the proliferation of EC cells might be achieved by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. In vivo, studies confirmed that the knockdown of SQLE or terbinafine can observably inhibit tumor growth in nude mice. These results indicate that SQLE may promote the progression of EC by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, SQLE is a potential target for EC treatment and its inhibitor, terbinafine, has the potential to become a targeted drug for EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology Gansu ProvinceThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Wunan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology Gansu ProvinceThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xiaolei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology Gansu ProvinceThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Guannan Bai
- The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yang Xin
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children's Regional Medical CenterHangzhouChina
| | - Lidan Hu
- The Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology Gansu ProvinceThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
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9
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Zhang X, Cao Z, Song C, Wei Z, Zhou M, Chen S, Ran J, Zhang H, Zou H, Han S, Cai Y, Han W. Cholesterol Metabolism Modulation Nanoplatform Improves Photo-Immunotherapeutic Effect in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300018. [PMID: 37209373 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Impressive results in cancer treatment have been obtained through immunotherapy. However, abnormally high cholesterol metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME) leads to poor immunogenicity or even immunosuppression, which dramatically reduces the clinical response of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to immunotherapy. In this study, a cholesterol-modulating nanoplatform (PYT NP) is developed to restore the normal immune microenvironment, significantly inhibiting SQLE (an essential gene for cholesterol biosynthesis in tumor cells) by releasing terbinafine, thereby reducing cholesterol in the TME and suppressing tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the nanoplatform is equipped with a second near-infrared (NIR-II) photosensitizer, Y8, which triggers immunogenic cell death of tumor cells, thereby promoting intra-tumor infiltration and immune activation via the production of damage-associated molecular patterns for photoimmunotherapy. PYT NPs show great promise in stimulating strong cholesterol-modulating anticancer immunity combined with photoimmunotherapy, opening up a new avenue for sensitized OSCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zichen Cao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chuanhui Song
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 130 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jianchuan Ran
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huihui Zou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengwei Han
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Wei Han
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
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10
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Chen W, Xu J, Wu Y, Liang B, Yan M, Sun C, Wang D, Hu X, Liu L, Hu W, Shao Y, Xing D. The potential role and mechanism of circRNA/miRNA axis in cholesterol synthesis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2879-2896. [PMID: 37324939 PMCID: PMC10266072 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.84994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol levels are an initiating risk factor for atherosclerosis. Many genes play a central role in cholesterol synthesis, including HMGCR, SQLE, HMGCS1, FDFT1, LSS, MVK, PMK, MVD, FDPS, CYP51, TM7SF2, LBR, MSMO1, NSDHL, HSD17B7, DHCR24, EBP, SC5D, DHCR7, IDI1/2. Especially, HMGCR, SQLE, FDFT1, LSS, FDPS, CYP51, and EBP are promising therapeutic targets for drug development due to many drugs have been approved and entered into clinical research by targeting these genes. However, new targets and drugs still need to be discovered. Interestingly, many small nucleic acid drugs and vaccines were approved for the market, including Inclisiran, Patisiran, Inotersen, Givosiran, Lumasiran, Nusinersen, Volanesorsen, Eteplirsen, Golodirsen, Viltolarsen, Casimersen, Elasomeran, Tozinameran. However, these agents are all linear RNA agents. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) may have longer half-lives, higher stability, lower immunogenicity, lower production costs, and higher delivery efficiency than these agents due to their covalently closed structures. CircRNA agents are developed by several companies, including Orna Therapeutics, Laronde, and CirCode, Therorna. Many studies have shown that circRNAs regulate cholesterol synthesis by regulating HMGCR, SQLE, HMGCS1, ACS, YWHAG, PTEN, DHCR24, SREBP-2, and PMK expression. MiRNAs are essential for circRNA-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis. Notable, the phase II trial for inhibiting miR-122 with nucleic acid drugs has been completed. Suppressing HMGCR, SQLE, and miR-122 with circRNA_ABCA1, circ-PRKCH, circEZH2, circRNA-SCAP, and circFOXO3 are the promising therapeutic target for drug development, specifically the circFOXO3. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of the circRNA/miRNA axis in cholesterol synthesis in the hope of providing knowledge to identify new targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Jiazhen Xu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Mingzhe Yan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Chuandong Sun
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
- Department of Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
- Department of Liver Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
- Interventional Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
- Department of Community Health Promotion, Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, 266033, China
| | - Wenchao Hu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Yingchun Shao
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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11
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Zhou Z, Tang J, Lu Y, Jia J, Luo T, Su K, Dai X, Zhang H, Liu O. Prognosis-related molecular subtyping in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients based on glycolytic/cholesterogenic gene data. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:37. [PMID: 36841765 PMCID: PMC9960414 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains an unmet medical challenge. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of diverse cancers, including HNSCC. METHODS We investigated the metabolic profile in HNSCC by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 481) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (n = 97) databases. The metabolic stratification of HNSCC samples was identified by using unsupervised k-means clustering. We analyzed the correlations of the metabolic subtypes in HNSCC with featured genomic alterations and known HNSCC subtypes. We further validated the metabolism-related subtypes based on features of ENO1, PFKFB3, NSDHL and SQLE expression in HNSCC by Immunohistochemistry. In addition, genomic characteristics of tumor metabolism that varied among different cancer types were confirmed. RESULTS Based on the median expression of coexpressed cholesterogenic and glycolytic genes, HNSCC subtypes were identified, including glycolytic, cholesterogenic, quiescent and mixed subtypes. The quiescent subtype was associated with the longest survival and was distributed in stage I and G1 HNSCC. Mutation analysis of HNSCC genes indicated that TP53 has the highest mutation frequency. The CDKN2A mutation frequency has the most significant differences amongst these four subtypes. There is good overlap between our metabolic subtypes and the HNSCC subtype. CONCLUSION The four metabolic subtypes were successfully determined in HNSCC. Compared to the quiescent subtype, glycolytic, cholesterogenic and mixed subtypes had significantly worse outcome, which might offer guidelines for developing a novel treatment strategy for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Zhou
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Jianfei Tang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Yixuan Lu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Jia Jia
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Tiao Luo
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Kaixin Su
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Xiaohan Dai
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Haixia Zhang
- The Oncology Department of Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Ousheng Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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12
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Pandey GK, Landman N, Neikes HK, Hulsman D, Lieftink C, Beijersbergen R, Kolluri KK, Janes SM, Vermeulen M, Badhai J, van Lohuizen M. Genetic screens reveal new targetable vulnerabilities in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100915. [PMID: 36657447 PMCID: PMC9975229 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
More than half of patients with malignant mesothelioma show alterations in the BAP1 tumor-suppressor gene. Being a member of the Polycomb repressive deubiquitinating (PR-DUB) complex, BAP1 loss results in an altered epigenome, which may create new vulnerabilities that remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a CRISPR-Cas9 kinome screen in mesothelioma cells that identified two kinases in the mevalonate/cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, our analysis of chromatin, expression, and genetic perturbation data in mesothelioma cells suggests a dependency on PR complex 2 (PRC2)-mediated silencing. Pharmacological inhibition of PRC2 elevates the expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes only in BAP1-deficient mesothelioma, thereby sensitizing these cells to the combined targeting of PRC2 and the mevalonate pathway. Finally, by subjecting autochthonous Bap1-deficient mesothelioma mice or xenografts to mevalonate pathway inhibition (zoledronic acid) and PRC2 inhibition (tazemetostat), we demonstrate a potent anti-tumor effect, suggesting a targeted combination therapy for Bap1-deficient mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar Pandey
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nick Landman
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hannah K Neikes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle Hulsman
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cor Lieftink
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, NKI Robotics and Screening Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roderick Beijersbergen
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, NKI Robotics and Screening Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Krishna Kalyan Kolluri
- Lung for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, Rayne Building, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lung for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, Rayne Building, London, UK
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jitendra Badhai
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Maarten van Lohuizen
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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13
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Wen Y, Chen X, Feng H, Wang X, Kang X, Zhao P, Zhao C, Wei Y. Kdm6a deficiency in microglia/macrophages epigenetically silences Lcn2 expression and reduces photoreceptor dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy. Metabolism 2022; 136:155293. [PMID: 35995279 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment worldwide. However, the role of adaptive immune inflammation driven by microglia/macrophages in DR is not yet well elucidated. Kdm6a is a histone demethylase that removes the trimethyl groups of histones H3K27 and plays important biological roles in activating target genes. To elucidate the role of Kdm6a in microglia/macrophages in diabetic retinas, we established diabetic animal models with conditional knockout mice to investigate the impacts of Kdm6a deficiency. The RNA-seq analysis, mass spectrum examination, immunohistochemistry and detection of enzyme activities were used to elucidate the effect of Kdm6a deletion on gene transcription in microglia/macrophages. The expression of Kdm6a was increased in the retinas of diabetic mice compared to the control group. Loss of Kdm6a in microglia/macrophages ameliorated the diabetes-induced retinal thickness decrease, inflammation, and visual impairment. Kdm6a in microglia/macrophages regulated Lcn2 expression in a demethylase activity-dependent manner and inhibited glycolysis progression in photoreceptor cells through Lcn2. These results suggest that Kdm6a in microglia/macrophages aggravated diabetic retinopathy by promoting the expression of Lcn2 and impairing glycolysis progression in photoreceptor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Huazhang Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaoli Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai 200032, China.
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14
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Zou Y, Zhang H, Bi F, Tang Q, Xu H. Targeting the key cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme squalene monooxygenasefor cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:938502. [PMID: 36091156 PMCID: PMC9449579 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.938502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is often dysregulated in cancer. Squalene monooxygenase (SQLE) is the second rate-limiting enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis. Since the discovery of SQLE dysregulation in cancer, compelling evidence has indicated that SQLE plays a vital role in cancer initiation and progression and is a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of the role and regulation of SQLE in cancer and summarize the updates of antitumor therapy targeting SQLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Zou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Laboratory of Oncogene, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiulin Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiulin Tang, ; Huanji Xu,
| | - Huanji Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiulin Tang, ; Huanji Xu,
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15
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Wang T, Yang W, Liu Y, Li W, Wang Y, Liu N, Sheng C. Jumonji Histone Demethylase Inhibitor JIB-04 as a Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Agent. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1316-1323. [PMID: 35695031 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are emerging as a global public health problem. The lack of effective antifungal drugs is the bottleneck of clinical antifungal treatment. To identify novel antifungal agents with new mechanisms of action, JIB-04, a Jumonji histone demethylase inhibitor, was identified to possess broad-spectrum antifungal activity by a cell-based screen. Particularly, JIB-04 effectively inhibited Jumonji demethylase activity and ergosterol biosynthesis of Cryptococcus neoformans cells, leading to in vitro and in vivo anti-Cryptococcus activity. It also significantly inhibited the virulence factors of C. neoformans including biofilm, melanin, capsule, and surface hydrophobicity. Thus, JIB-04 was validated as a potent antifungal agent for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis and Jumonji histone demethylase was preliminarily identified as a potential target for the development of novel antifungal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyou Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wanzhen Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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16
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Rahal F, Capdevielle C, Rousseau B, Yzotte J, Dupuy JW, Cappellen D, Chotard G, Ménard M, Charpentier J, Jecko V, Caumont C, Gimbert E, Grosset CF, Hagedorn M. An EZH2 blocker sensitizes histone mutated diffuse midline glioma to cholesterol metabolism inhibitors through an off-target effect. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac018. [PMID: 35300150 PMCID: PMC8923007 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3K27M-mutant (DMG) is a rare, highly aggressive pediatric tumor affecting the brainstem, and is one of the deadliest cancers. Currently available treatment options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy do only modestly prolong survival. In this pathology, H3K27 mutations deregulate Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), including enzymatic activity of EZH2, which is therefore under investigation as a therapeutic target. Methods We used a chemical EZH2 inhibitor, GSK126, small interfering RNAs, and a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout approaches in a series of DMG tumor cell lines to investigate metabolic treatment responses by proteomic analysis. A combination strategy was elaborated and studied in primary and established DMG cells, spheroid 3D cultures, and in vivo in a chick chorio-allantoic membrane DMG assay and an orthotopic intracranial DMG mouse model. Results GSK126 shows significant (P < .05–.001) inhibitory effects in in vitro cell proliferation assays and induces apoptosis. Chemical targeting of EZH2 induced expression of proteins implicated in cholesterol metabolism. Low-dose GSK126 treatment together with statins revealed strong growth inhibition in combinatorial treatments, but not in single treatments, both in DMG cells in vitro, in DMG spheroid cultures, and in chick and mouse in vivo models (P < .05). All statistical tests were two-sided. Conclusions Our results reveal an unexpected GSK126-inducible sensitivity to cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors in highly aggressive pediatric glioma that warrants further evaluation as treatment strategy. This combinatorial therapy should have few side effects because of the low doses used to achieve significant anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Rahal
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Capdevielle
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Animalerie A2, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex
| | - Julien Yzotte
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Animalerie A2, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex
| | | | - David Cappellen
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
| | - Guillaume Chotard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux University Hospital, place Amélie Raba Léon, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
| | - Mélissa Ménard
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
| | - Justine Charpentier
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Jecko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux University Hospital, place Amélie Raba Léon, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
| | - Charline Caumont
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux University Hospital, place Amélie Raba Léon, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
| | - Edouard Gimbert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux University Hospital, place Amélie Raba Léon, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
| | - Christophe F Grosset
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
| | - Martin Hagedorn
- Univ Bordeaux, Campus de Carreire/Victoire, Sciences de la santé/Sciences de l'Homme, Bordeaux CEDEX, France
- Inserm U1035, Bâtiment TP Zone Sud, Bordeaux, France
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