1
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Tang X, Guo M, Zhang Y, Lv J, Gu C, Yang Y. Examining the evidence for mutual modulation between m6A modification and circular RNAs: current knowledge and future prospects. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:216. [PMID: 39095902 PMCID: PMC11297759 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The resistance of cancer cells to treatment significantly impedes the success of therapy, leading to the recurrence of various types of cancers. Understanding the specific mechanisms of therapy resistance may offer novel approaches for alleviating drug resistance in cancer. Recent research has shown a reciprocal relationship between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, and their interaction can affect the resistance and sensitivity of cancer therapy. This review aims to summarize the latest developments in the m6A modification of circRNAs and their importance in regulating therapy resistance in cancer. Furthermore, we explore their mutual interaction and exact mechanisms and provide insights into potential future approaches for reversing cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhu Tang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanjiao Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junxian Lv
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Kalamara V, Garinis GA. The epitranscriptome: reshaping the DNA damage response. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00122-3. [PMID: 39048401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Genomic instability poses a formidable threat to cellular vitality and wellbeing, prompting cells to deploy an intricate DNA damage response (DDR) mechanism. Recent evidence has suggested that RNA is intricately linked to the DDR by serving as template, scaffold, or regulator during the repair of DNA damage. Additionally, RNA molecules undergo modifications, contributing to the epitranscriptome, a dynamic regulatory layer influencing cellular responses to genotoxic stress. The intricate interplay between RNA and the DDR sheds new light on how the RNA epigenome contributes to the maintenance of genomic integrity and ultimately shapes the fate of damaged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Kalamara
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George A Garinis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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3
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Wang S, Xia Y, Sun Y, Wang W, Shan L, Zhang Z, Zhao C. E2F8-CENPL pathway contributes to homologous recombination repair and chemoresistance in breast cancer. Cell Signal 2024; 118:111151. [PMID: 38522807 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Chemoresistance poses a significant obstacle to the treatment of breast cancer patients. The increased capacity of DNA damage repair is one of the mechanisms underlying chemoresistance. Bioinformatic analyses showed that E2F8 was associated with cell cycle progression and homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in breast cancer. E2F8 knockdown suppressed cell growth and attenuated HR repair. Accordingly, E2F8 knockdown sensitized cancer cells to Adriamycin and Cisplatin. Centromere protein L (CENPL) is a transcriptional target by E2F8. CENPL overexpression in E2F8-knockdowned cells recovered at least in part the effect of E2F8 on DNA damage repair and chemotherapy sensitivity. Consistently, CENPL knockdown impaired DNA damage repair and sensitized cancer cells to DNA-damaging drugs. These findings demonstrate that targeting E2F8-CENPL pathway is a potential approach to overcoming chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yuhong Xia
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Lianfeng Shan
- Department of Intelligent Computation, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Zhongbo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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4
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Xiao J, Yu X, Meng F, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Ren Y, Li J, Sun Y, Sun H, Chen G, He K, Lu L. Integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics reveals tumor heterogeneity and intercellular networks in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:326. [PMID: 38729966 PMCID: PMC11087651 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), a powerful tool for studying the tumor microenvironment (TME), does not preserve/provide spatial information on tissue morphology and cellular interactions. To understand the crosstalk between diverse cellular components in proximity in the TME, we performed scRNA-seq coupled with spatial transcriptomic (ST) assay to profile 41,700 cells from three colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor-normal-blood pairs. Standalone scRNA-seq analyses revealed eight major cell populations, including B cells, T cells, Monocytes, NK cells, Epithelial cells, Fibroblasts, Mast cells, Endothelial cells. After the identification of malignant cells from epithelial cells, we observed seven subtypes of malignant cells that reflect heterogeneous status in tumor, including tumor_CAV1, tumor_ATF3_JUN | FOS, tumor_ZEB2, tumor_VIM, tumor_WSB1, tumor_LXN, and tumor_PGM1. By transferring the cellular annotations obtained by scRNA-seq to ST spots, we annotated four regions in a cryosection from CRC patients, including tumor, stroma, immune infiltration, and colon epithelium regions. Furthermore, we observed intensive intercellular interactions between stroma and tumor regions which were extremely proximal in the cryosection. In particular, one pair of ligands and receptors (C5AR1 and RPS19) was inferred to play key roles in the crosstalk of stroma and tumor regions. For the tumor region, a typical feature of TMSB4X-high expression was identified, which could be a potential marker of CRC. The stroma region was found to be characterized by VIM-high expression, suggesting it fostered a stromal niche in the TME. Collectively, single cell and spatial analysis in our study reveal the tumor heterogeneity and molecular interactions in CRC TME, which provides insights into the mechanisms underlying CRC progression and may contribute to the development of anticancer therapies targeting on non-tumor components, such as the extracellular matrix (ECM) in CRC. The typical genes we identified may facilitate to new molecular subtypes of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Xinyang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Fanlin Meng
- CapitalBio Technology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Yuncong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghong Ren
- CapitalBio Technology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- CapitalBio Technology Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Guokai Chen
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ke He
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Wei L, Bai Y, Na L, Sun Y, Zhao C, Wang W. E2F3 induces DNA damage repair, stem-like properties and therapy resistance in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166816. [PMID: 37499929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Therapy resistance is a major hurdle to the treatment of human malignant tumors. Both DNA damage repair and stem-like properties contribute to chemoresistance and radioresistance. E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) is overexpressed in breast cancer tissues, and promotes proliferation of breast cancer cells. Higher E2F3 level is associated with shorter survival of breast cancer patients. Functional studies further showed that E2F3 promotes S-phage entry, DNA replication, DNA damage repair and stem-like properties. Accordingly, E2F3 knockdown sensitizes breast cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents Adriamycin, Cisplatin, Olaparib and X-ray. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a downstream molecule of E2F3 signaling, mediating the effects of E2F3 on breast cancer cells. In an m6A methyltransferase METTL14-dependent manner, YTH RNA binding protein F2 (YTHDF2) increase E2F3 mRNA stability and expression, promotes DNA damage repair and induces therapy resistance. These data demonstrate that YTHDF2-E2F3 pathway is a novel target to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Na
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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6
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Zhang Y, Xu Y, Bao Y, Luo Y, Qiu G, He M, Lu J, Xu J, Chen B, Wang Y. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in osteosarcoma: expression, function and interaction with noncoding RNAs - an updated review. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2260213. [PMID: 37766615 PMCID: PMC10540650 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2260213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, originating from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells, is the most common malignant bone tumour among children and adolescents. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most ubiquitous type of posttranscriptional modification, is a methylation that occurs in the N6-position of adenosine. m6A dramatically affects the splicing, export, translation, and stability of various RNAs, including mRNA and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Increasing evidence suggests that ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNA), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), regulate the m6A modification process by affecting the expression of m6A-associated enzymes. m6A modification interactions with ncRNAs provide new perspectives for exploring the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression. In the current review, we summarized the expression and biological functions of m6A regulators in osteosarcoma. At the same time, the present review systematically elucidated the functional and mechanical interactions between m6A modification and ncRNAs in osteosarcoma. In addition, we discussed the effect of m6A and ncRNAs in the tumour microenvironment and potential clinical applications of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhuang Zhang
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yeqiu Xu
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuxin Bao
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yinzhou Luo
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guanzhen Qiu
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenyang Fourth People's Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Fourth Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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7
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Wang D, Zhang Y, Li Q, Zhang A, Xu J, Li Y, Li W, Tang L, Yang F, Meng J. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in cancer therapeutic resistance: Potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115477. [PMID: 37696088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy resistance (CTR) is the development of cancer resistance to multiple therapeutic strategies, which severely affects clinical response and leads to cancer progression, recurrence, and metastasis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been identified as the most common, abundant, and conserved internal transcriptional alterations of RNA modifications, regulating RNA splicing, translation, stabilization, degradation, and gene expression, and is involved in the development and progression of a variety of diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have shown that m6A modifications play a critical role in both cancer development and progression, especially in reversing CTR. Although m6A modifications have great potential in CTR, the specific molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the potential molecular mechanisms of m6A modification in CTR. In addition, we update recent advances in natural products from Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) and small-molecule lead compounds targeting m6A modifications, and discuss the great potential and clinical implications of these inhibitors targeting m6A regulators and combinations with other therapies to improve clinical efficacy and overcome CTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qingbo Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingxuan Xu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yu Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wen Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Jingyan Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Zhao L, Han D, Zhu J, Bi D, Ding T, Zhu X, Huang D, Zhang Y, Lu L, Wu W, Gao Y, Liu H, Huang Q, Wei Q, Yao X. The RNA m6A-Binding Protein YTHDC1 Is Downregulated and Associated With M2 Macrophage Infiltration in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2023; 17:11795549231203150. [PMID: 37901254 PMCID: PMC10605655 DOI: 10.1177/11795549231203150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is indispensable in tumorigenesis. However, in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), the key regulators and mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unknown. This study aimed to screen the key m6A regulators and explore its possible role in MIBC. Methods Aberrantly expressed m6A regulator genes were screened in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) MIBC cohort (n = 408) and validated using fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens collected during this study. Clinicopathological relevance and association with tumor immune infiltration was further assessed. Results We identified that the expression of YT521-B homology-domain-containing protein 1 (YTHDC1), an m6A RNA-binding protein, was downregulated in tumor tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues in the TCGA MIBC cohort and our clinical samples. Low YTHDC1 expression correlated with short patient survival, advanced pathologic stage, lymph node metastasis, basal-squamous molecular subtype, non-papillary histological type, and certain genetic mutations important to MIBC. Remarkably, YTHDC1 expression exhibited negative association with tumor-infiltrating M2 macrophage abundance in MIBC. Conclusion Among m6A regulators, we identified that YTHDC1 was downregulated in MIBC and might play an important role in the pathological process in MIBC, especially tumor microenvironment regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Zhao
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyan Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianghua Zhu
- Medical Equipment of Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dexi Bi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Ding
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingchen Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dengfeng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Youhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaohui Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongyi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shi S, Zhong J, Peng W, Yin H, Zhong D, Cui H, Sun X. System analysis based on the migration- and invasion-related gene sets identifies the infiltration-related genes of glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1075716. [PMID: 37091145 PMCID: PMC10117932 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1075716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The current database has no information on the infiltration of glioma samples. Here, we assessed the glioma samples' infiltration in The Cancer Gene Atlas (TCGA) through the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) with migration and invasion gene sets. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to identify the genes most associated with infiltration. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to analyze the major biological processes and pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to screen the key genes. Furthermore, the nomograms and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the prognostic and predictive accuracy of this clinical model in patients in TCGA and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). The results showed that turquoise was selected as the hub module, and with the intersection of DEGs, we screened 104 common genes. Through LASSO regression, TIMP1, EMP3, IGFBP2, and the other nine genes were screened mostly in correlation with infiltration and prognosis. EMP3 was selected to be verified in vitro. These findings could help researchers better understand the infiltration of gliomas and provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoyang Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Petri BJ, Klinge CM. m6A readers, writers, erasers, and the m6A epitranscriptome in breast cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 70:JME-22-0110. [PMID: 36367225 PMCID: PMC9790079 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Epitranscriptomic modification of RNA regulates human development, health, and disease. The true diversity of the transcriptome in breast cancer including chemical modification of transcribed RNA (epitranscriptomics) is not well understood due to limitations of technology and bioinformatic analysis. N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant epitranscriptomic modification of mRNA and regulates splicing, stability, translation, and intracellular localization of transcripts depending on m6A association with reader RNA-binding proteins. m6A methylation is catalyzed by the METTL3 complex and removed by specific m6A demethylase ALKBH5, with the role of FTO as an 'eraser' uncertain. In this review, we provide an overview of epitranscriptomics related to mRNA and focus on m6A in mRNA and its detection. We summarize current knowledge on altered levels of writers, readers, and erasers of m6A and their roles in breast cancer and their association with prognosis. We summarize studies identifying m6A peaks and sites in genes in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J. Petri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine; Louisville, KY 40292 USA
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS)
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11
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Verghese M, Wilkinson E, He YY. Recent Advances in RNA m 6A Modification in Solid Tumors and Tumor Immunity. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 190:95-142. [PMID: 38113000 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45654-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
An analogous field to epigenetics is referred to as epitranscriptomics, which focuses on the study of post-transcriptional chemical modifications in RNA. RNA molecules, including mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, and other non-coding RNA molecules, can be edited with numerous modifications. The most prevalent modification in eukaryotic mRNA is N6-methyladenosine (m6A), which is a reversible modification found in over 7000 human genes. Recent technological advances have accelerated the characterization of these modifications, and they have been shown to play important roles in many biological processes, including pathogenic processes such as cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the role of m6A mRNA modification in cancer with a focus on solid tumor biology and immunity. m6A RNA methylation and its regulatory proteins can play context-dependent roles in solid tumor development and progression by modulating RNA metabolism to drive oncogenic or tumor-suppressive cellular pathways. m6A RNA methylation also plays dynamic roles within both immune cells and tumor cells to mediate the anti-tumor immune response. Finally, an emerging area of research within epitranscriptomics studies the role of m6A RNA methylation in promoting sensitivity or resistance to cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Overall, our understanding of m6A RNA methylation in solid tumors has advanced significantly, and continued research is needed both to fill gaps in knowledge and to identify potential areas of focus for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Verghese
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Emma Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yu-Ying He
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Zhang N, Zhu HP, Huang W, Wen X, Xie X, Jiang X, Peng C, Han B, He G. Unraveling the structures, functions and mechanisms of epithelial membrane protein family in human cancers. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:69. [PMID: 36217151 PMCID: PMC9552464 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) and epithelial membrane proteins (EMP-1, -2, and -3) belong to a small hydrophobic membrane protein subfamily, with four transmembrane structures. PMP22 and EMPs are widely expressed in various tissues and play important roles in cell growth, differentiation, programmed cell death, and metastasis. PMP22 presents its highest expression in the peripheral nerve and participates in normal physiological and pathological processes of the peripheral nervous system. The progress of molecular genetics has shown that the genetic changes of the PMP22 gene, including duplication, deletion, and point mutation, are behind various hereditary peripheral neuropathies. EMPs have different expression patterns in diverse tissues and are closely related to the risk of malignant tumor progression. In this review, we focus on the four members in this protein family which are related to disease pathogenesis and discuss gene mutations and post-translational modification of them. Further research into the interactions between structural alterations and function of PMP22 and EMPs will help understand their normal physiological function and role in diseases and might contribute to developing novel therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Hong-Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.,Antibiotics Research and Re‑Evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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13
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Lin H, Wang Y, Wang P, Long F, Wang T. Mutual regulation between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification and circular RNAs in cancer: impacts on therapeutic resistance. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:148. [PMID: 35843942 PMCID: PMC9290271 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance of tumor cells to therapy severely impairs the efficacy of treatment, leading to recurrence and metastasis of various cancers. Clarifying the underlying mechanisms of therapeutic resistance may provide new strategies for overcoming cancer resistance. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotes, and is involved in the regulation of RNA splicing, translation, transport, degradation, stability and processing, thus affecting several physiological processes and cancer progression. As a novel type of multifunctional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in anticancer therapy. Currently, accumulating studies have revealed the mutual regulation of m6A modification and circRNAs, and their interaction can further influence the sensitivity of cancer treatment. In this review, we mainly summarized the recent advances of m6A modification and circRNAs in the modulation of cancer therapeutic resistance, as well as their interplay and potential mechanisms, providing promising insights and future directions in reversal of therapeutic resistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Roles and mechanisms of the m 6A reader YTHDC1 in biological processes and diseases. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:237. [PMID: 35501308 PMCID: PMC9061745 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a key area in Epigenetics and has been increasingly focused these years. In the m6A process, readers recognize the m6A modification on mRNAs or noncoding RNAs and mediate different downstream events. Emerging studies have shown that YTHDC1, an important m6A reader, plays a key role in many biological functions and disease progression, especially cancers. Here we summarized the current mechanisms of YTHDC1 in biological functions and diseases and offered guidance for future researches to provide potential strategy for clinical diagnose and therapy.
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Abstract
Increased tRNA abundance and amino acid coupling generally promote increased oncogenesis. By contrast, a new study shows that in breast cancer, the leucyl-tRNA synthetase LARS suppresses transformation and tumour development by increasing tRNA-LeuCAG translation of certain tumour suppressor mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Theresa Vincent
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert J Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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