1
|
Mafi A, Hedayati N, Kahkesh S, Khoshayand S, Alimohammadi M, Farahani N, Hushmandi K. The landscape of circRNAs in gliomas temozolomide resistance: Insights into molecular pathways. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1178-1189. [PMID: 39022676 PMCID: PMC11250881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As the deadliest type of primary brain tumor, gliomas represent a significant worldwide health concern. Circular RNA (circRNA), a unique non-coding RNA molecule, seems to be one of the most alluring target molecules involved in the pathophysiology of many kinds of cancers. CircRNAs have been identified as prospective targets and biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of numerous disorders, particularly malignancies. Recent research has established a clinical link between temozolomide (TMZ) resistance and certain circRNA dysregulations in glioma tumors. CircRNAs may play a therapeutic role in controlling or overcoming TMZ resistance in gliomas and may provide guidance for a novel kind of individualized glioma therapy. To address the biological characteristics of circRNAs and their potential to induce resistance to TMZ, this review has highlighted and summarized the possible roles that circRNAs may play in molecular pathways of drug resistance, including the Ras/Raf/ERK PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and metabolic processes in gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Kahkesh
- Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sara Khoshayand
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najma Farahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peng D, Wei C, Jing B, Yu R, Zhang Z, Han L. A novel protein encoded by circCOPA inhibits the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma cells and increases their sensitivity to temozolomide by disrupting the NONO-SFPQ complex. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:616. [PMID: 39183343 PMCID: PMC11345445 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-07010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents a primary malignant brain tumor. Temozolomide resistance is a major hurdle in GBM treatment. Proteins encoded by circular RNAs (circRNAs) can modulate the sensitivity of multiple tumor chemotherapies. However, the impact of circRNA-encoded proteins on GBM sensitivity to temozolomide remains unknown. Herein, we discover a circRNA (circCOPA) through the circRNA microarray profile in GBM samples, which can encode a novel 99 amino acid protein (COPA-99aa) through its internal ribosome entry site. Functionally, circCOPA overexpression in GBM cells inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and growth in vivo. Rather than itself, circCOPA mainly functions as a suppressive effector by encoding COPA-99aa. Moreover, we reveal that circCOPA is downregulated in GBM tissues and high expression of circCOPA is related to a better prognosis in GBM patients. Mechanistically, a heteromer of SFPQ and NONO is required for double-strand DNA break repair. COPA-99aa disrupts the dimerization of NONO and SFPQ by separately binding with the NONO and SFPQ proteins, thus resulting in the inhibition of proliferation or invasion and the increase of temozolomide-induced DNA damage in GBM cells. Collectively, our data suggest that circCOPA mainly contributes to inhibiting the GBM malignant phenotype through its encoded COPA-99aa and that COPA-99aa increases temozolomide-induced DNA damage by interfering with the dimerization of NONO and SFPQ. Restoring circCOPA or COPA-99aa may increase the sensitivity of patients to temozolomide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dazhao Peng
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro injury, Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Wei
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro injury, Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Boyuan Jing
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro injury, Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Runze Yu
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro injury, Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Lei Han
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuro injury, Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Q, Zhang Y, Jin P, Chen Y, Zhang C, Geng X, Mun KS, Phang KC. New insights into the potential of exosomal circular RNAs in mediating cancer chemotherapy resistance and their clinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117027. [PMID: 38925018 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance typically leads to tumour recurrence and is a major obstacle to cancer treatment. Increasing numbers of circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to be abnormally expressed in various tumours, where they participate in the malignant progression of tumours, and play important roles in regulating the sensitivity of tumours to chemotherapy drugs. As exosomes mediate intercellular communication, they are rich in circRNAs and exhibit a specific RNA cargo sorting mechanism. By carrying and delivering circRNAs, exosomes can promote the efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs and reduce intracellular drug concentrations in recipient cells, thus affecting the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, invasion and migration. The mechanisms that affect the phenotype of tumour stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and DNA damage repair also mediate chemotherapy resistance in many tumours. Exosomal circRNAs are diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for reversing chemotherapy resistance in tumours. Currently, the rise of new fields, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, and new technologies such as biosensors, multimolecular diagnostic systems and platforms based on circRNAs, as well as the application of exosome-based vaccines, has provided novel ideas for precision cancer treatment. In this review, the recent progress in understanding how exosomal circRNAs mediate tumour chemotherapy resistance is reviewed, and the potential of exosomal circRNAs in tumour diagnosis, treatment and immune regulation is discussed, providing new ideas for inhibiting tumour chemotherapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Peikan Jin
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Yepeng Chen
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Xiuchao Geng
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China.
| | - Kein Seong Mun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Kean Chang Phang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Panda SS, Sahoo RK, Patra SK, Biswal S, Biswal BK. Molecular insights to therapeutic in cancer: role of exosomes in tumor microenvironment, metastatic progression and drug resistance. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104061. [PMID: 38901672 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes play a pivotal part in cancer progression and metastasis by transferring various biomolecules. Recent research highlights their involvement in tumor microenvironment remodeling, mediating metastasis, tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance. The unique cargo carried by exosomes garners the interest of researchers owing to its potential as a stage-specific biomarker for early cancer detection and its role in monitoring personalized treatment. However, unanswered questions hinder a comprehensive understanding of exosomes and their cargo in this context. This review discusses recent advancements and proposes novel ideas for exploring exosomes in cancer progression, aiming to deepen our understanding and improve treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikshya S Panda
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Rajeev K Sahoo
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Sambit K Patra
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Stuti Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Bijesh K Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Z, Wu H, Wang Z, Bian E, Zhao B. The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in glioma. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:229. [PMID: 38951882 PMCID: PMC11218314 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are cell-derived, nanometer-sized particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. All kinds of biological molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNA, lipids, and metabolites, can be selectively loaded into sEVs and transmitted to recipient cells that are near and distant. Growing shreds of evidence show the significant biological function and the clinical significance of sEVs in cancers. Numerous recent studies have validated that sEVs play an important role in tumor progression and can be utilized to diagnose, stage, grading, and monitor early tumors. In addition, sEVs have also served as drug delivery nanocarriers and cancer vaccines. Although it is still infancy, the field of basic and translational research based on sEVs has grown rapidly. In this review, we summarize the latest research on sEVs in gliomas, including their role in the malignant biological function of gliomas, and the potential of sEVs in non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, i.e., as nanocarriers for drug or gene delivery and cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - HaoYuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - ZhiWei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - ErBao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yao GS, Fu LM, Dai JS, Chen JW, Liu KZ, Liang H, Wang Z, Deng Q, Wang JY, Jin MY, Chen W, Fang Y, Luo JH, Cao JZ, Wei JH. Exploring the oncogenic potential of circSOD2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a novel positive feedback loop. J Transl Med 2024; 22:596. [PMID: 38926764 PMCID: PMC11209967 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05290-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing studies have found that circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as sponges for micro RNAs (miRNAs) to control downstream genes. However, the specific functionalities and mechanisms of circRNAs in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have yet to be thoroughly investigated. METHODS Patient cohorts from online databases were used to screen candidate circRNAs, while another cohort from our hospital was obtained for validation. CircSOD2 was identified as a potential oncogenic target, and its relevant characteristics were investigated during ccRCC progression through various assays. A positive feedback loop containing downstream miRNA and its target gene were identified using bioinformatics and validated by luciferase reporter assays, RNA pull-down, and high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS CircSOD2 expression was elevated in tumor samples and significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) and the tumor stage of ccRCC patients, which appeared in the enhanced proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells. Through competitive binding to circSOD2, miR-532-3p can promote the expression of PAX5 and the progression of ccRCC, and such regulation can be salvaged by miR-532-3p inhibitor. CONCLUSION A novel positive feedback loop, PAX5/circSOD2/miR-532-3p/PAX5 was identified in the study, indicating that the loop may play an important role in the diagnosis and prognostic prediction in ccRCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Sheng Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang-Min Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Shang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke-Zhi Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie-Yan Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Yu Jin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun-Hang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jia-Zheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No.23 Haibang Street, Jiangmen, 529030, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jin-Huan Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, ZhongShan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang M, Jin F, Tong X. From bench to bedside: The promising value of exosomes in precision medicine for CNS tumors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32376. [PMID: 38961907 PMCID: PMC11219334 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are naturally present extracellular vesicles (EVs) released into the surrounding body fluids upon the fusion of polycystic and plasma membranes. They facilitate intercellular communication by transporting DNA, mRNA, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, circular RNA, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They contribute to the onset and progression of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors. In addition, they can be used as biomarkers of tumor proliferation, migration, and blood vessel formation, thereby affecting the Tumor Microenvironment (TME). This paper reviews the recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of exosomes in various CNS tumors, the promise and challenges of exosomes as natural carriers of CNS tumors, and the therapeutic prospects of exosomes in CNS tumors. Furthermore, we hope this research can contribute to the development of more targeted and effective treatments for central nervous system tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Wang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Hospital).266042, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoguang Tong
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang T, He M, Zhang X, Guo Z, Wang P, Long F. Deciphering the impact of circRNA-mediated autophagy on tumor therapeutic resistance: a novel perspective. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:60. [PMID: 38671354 PMCID: PMC11046940 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapeutic resistance remains a significant challenge in the pursuit of effective treatment strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, have recently emerged as key regulators of various biological processes, including cancer progression and drug resistance. This review highlights the emerging role of circRNAs-mediated autophagy in cancer therapeutic resistance, a cellular process that plays a dual role in cancer by promoting both cell survival and death. Increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs can modulate autophagy pathways, thereby influencing the response of cancer cells to therapeutic agents. In this context, the intricate interplay between circRNAs, autophagy, and therapeutic resistance is explored. Various mechanisms are discussed through which circRNAs can impact autophagy, including direct interactions with autophagy-related genes, modulation of signaling pathways, and cross-talk with other non-coding RNAs. Furthermore, the review delves into specific examples of how circRNA-mediated autophagy regulation can contribute to resistance against chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Understanding these intricate molecular interactions provides valuable insights into potential strategies for overcoming therapeutic resistance in cancer. Exploiting circRNAs as therapeutic targets or utilizing them as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers opens new avenues for developing personalized treatment approaches. In summary, this review underscores the importance of circRNA-mediated autophagy in cancer therapeutic resistance and proposes future directions for research in this exciting and rapidly evolving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengjie He
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhixun Guo
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matthaios D, Balgkouranidou I, Neanidis K, Sofis A, Pikouli A, Romanidis K, Pappa A, Karamouzis M, Zygogianni A, Charalampidis C, Zarogoulidis P, Rigas G, Galanis A. Revisiting Temozolomide's role in solid tumors: Old is gold? J Cancer 2024; 15:3254-3271. [PMID: 38817857 PMCID: PMC11134434 DOI: 10.7150/jca.94109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide is an imidazotetrazine with a long history in oncology especially for the high grade malignant glioma and metastatic melanoma. However, last year's new indications for its use are added. Its optimum pharmacodynamic profile, its ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, the existence of methylation of MGMT in solid tumors which enhances its efficacy, the identification of new agents that can overcome temozolomide's resistance, the promising role of temozolomide in turning immune cold tumors to hot ones, are leading to expand its use in other solid tumors, giving oncologists an additional tool for the treatment of advanced and aggressive neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anastasia Pikouli
- Third Department of Surgery, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Romanidis
- Second Department of Surgery, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Michael Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Zygogianni
- Radiation Oncology Unit, 1st Department of Radiology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, General Clinic Euromedice, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Rigas
- Oncology Department, Private General Clinic of Volos, Volos, Greece
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang S, Sun Y, Liu W, Zhang Y, Sun G, Xiang B, Yang J. Exosomes in Glioma: Unraveling Their Roles in Progression, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:823. [PMID: 38398214 PMCID: PMC10887132 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors, present a challenging prognosis even after undergoing surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Exosomes, nano-sized extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, play a pivotal role in glioma progression and contribute to resistance against chemotherapy and radiotherapy by facilitating the transportation of biological molecules and promoting intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, exosomes exhibit the remarkable ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier, positioning them as potent carriers for therapeutic delivery. These attributes hold promise for enhancing glioma diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in exosome research within the realm of tumors. In this article, we primarily focus on elucidating the role of exosomes in glioma development, highlighting the latest breakthroughs in therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, and outlining prospective directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Yumeng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guozhu Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Bai Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jiankai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abbasi-Malati Z, Azizi SG, Milani SZ, Serej ZA, Mardi N, Amiri Z, Sanaat Z, Rahbarghazi R. Tumorigenic and tumoricidal properties of exosomes in cancers; a forward look. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:130. [PMID: 38360641 PMCID: PMC10870553 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, emerging data have highlighted the critical role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially (exosomes) Exos, in the progression and development of several cancer types. These nano-sized vesicles are released by different cell lineages within the cancer niche and maintain a suitable platform for the interchange of various signaling molecules in a paracrine manner. Based on several studies, Exos can transfer oncogenic factors to other cells, and alter the activity of immune cells, and tumor microenvironment, leading to the expansion of tumor cells and metastasis to the remote sites. It has been indicated that the cell-to-cell crosstalk is so complicated and a wide array of factors are involved in this process. How and by which mechanisms Exos can regulate the behavior of tumor cells and non-cancer cells is at the center of debate. Here, we scrutinize the molecular mechanisms involved in the oncogenic behavior of Exos released by different cell lineages of tumor parenchyma. Besides, tumoricidal properties of Exos from various stem cell (SC) types are discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abbasi-Malati
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ghader Azizi
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Soheil Zamen Milani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Aliyari Serej
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Mardi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Amiri
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Watanabe K, Seki N. Biology and Development of DNA-Targeted Drugs, Focusing on Synthetic Lethality, DNA Repair, and Epigenetic Modifications for Cancer: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:752. [PMID: 38255825 PMCID: PMC10815806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA-targeted drugs constitute a specialized category of pharmaceuticals developed for cancer treatment, directly influencing various cellular processes involving DNA. These drugs aim to enhance treatment efficacy and minimize side effects by specifically targeting molecules or pathways crucial to cancer growth. Unlike conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, recent discoveries have yielded DNA-targeted agents with improved effectiveness, and a new generation is anticipated to be even more specific and potent. The sequencing of the human genome in 2001 marked a transformative milestone, contributing significantly to the advancement of targeted therapy and precision medicine. Anticipated progress in precision medicine is closely tied to the continuous development in the exploration of synthetic lethality, DNA repair, and expression regulatory mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications. The integration of technologies like circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis further enhances our ability to elucidate crucial regulatory factors, promising a more effective era of precision medicine. The combination of genomic knowledge and technological progress has led to a surge in clinical trials focusing on precision medicine. These trials utilize biomarkers for identifying genetic alterations, molecular profiling for potential therapeutic targets, and tailored cancer treatments addressing multiple genetic changes. The evolving landscape of genomics has prompted a paradigm shift from tumor-centric to individualized, genome-directed treatments based on biomarker analysis for each patient. The current treatment strategy involves identifying target genes or pathways, exploring drugs affecting these targets, and predicting adverse events. This review highlights strategies incorporating DNA-targeted drugs, such as PARP inhibitors, SLFN11, methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), and ATR kinase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang T, Xin C, Zhang S, Tian X, Hu Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Ji N, Zeng X, Li J. Circular RNA from Tyrosylprotein Sulfotransferase 2 Gene Inhibits Cisplatin Sensitivity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Sponging miR-770-5p and Interacting with Nucleolin. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5351. [PMID: 38001611 PMCID: PMC10669990 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance poses a significant challenge in the treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). The role and mechanism of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HNSCC chemoresistance remain understudied. We conducted circRNA microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in HNSCC. The expression of circRNAs from the tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2 (TPST2) gene and miRNAs was evaluated through qPCR, while the circular structure of circTPST2 was verified using Sanger sequencing and RNase R. Through Western blotting, biotin-labeled RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and rescue experiments, we discovered miR-770-5p and nucleolin as downstream targets of circTPST2. Functional tests, including CCK8 assays and flow cytometry, assessed the chemoresistance ability of circTPST2, miR-770-5p, and Nucleolin. Additionally, FISH assays determined the subcellular localization of circTPST2, miR-770-5p, and Nucleolin. IHC staining was employed to detect circTPST2 and Nucleolin expression in HNSCC patients. circTPST2 expression was inversely correlated with cisplatin sensitivity in HNSCC cell lines. Remarkably, high circTPST2 expression correlated with lower overall survival rates in chemotherapeutic HNSCC patients. Mechanistically, circTPST2 reduced chemosensitivity through sponge-like adsorption of miR-770-5p and upregulation of the downstream protein Nucleolin in HNSCC cells. The TCGA database revealed improved prognosis for patients with low circTPST2 expression after chemotherapy. Moreover, analysis of HNSCC cohorts demonstrated better prognosis for patients with low Nucleolin protein expression after chemotherapy. We unveil circTPST2 as a circRNA associated with chemoresistance in HNSCC, suggesting its potential as a marker for selecting chemotherapy regimens in HNSCC patients. Further exploration of the downstream targets of circTPST2 advanced our understanding and improved treatment strategies for HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Chuan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Stomatology Hospital, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Xin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Yuting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Jiongke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.W.); (C.X.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (J.W.); (N.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marangon D, Lecca D. Exosomal non-coding RNAs in glioma progression: insights into tumor microenvironment dynamics and therapeutic implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1275755. [PMID: 38020906 PMCID: PMC10646304 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1275755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and deadly types of brain tumors, known for their extensive genetic and epigenetic variability, which poses considerable challenges for pharmacological treatment. Glioma heterogeneity is also related to their intricate and dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME), which comprises a diverse array of cell types, including immune cells, vascular cells, glial cells, and neural precursors, collectively influencing tumor behavior and progression. A pivotal aspect of this intercellular communication relies on the exchange of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain and transfer complex molecular cargoes typical of their cells of origin, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, metabolites, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), that encompass microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Glioma cells actively release EVs loaded with specific ncRNAs that can target genes and other ncRNAs in recipient cells residing within the TME. Among these recipient cells, prominent players include tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs), non-neoplastic astrocytes and endothelial cells. The intricate interplay between EVs derived from glioma cells and these recipient cells significantly contributes to the establishment of a tumor-permissive microenvironment, promoting tumor cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and invasion, by targeting various downstream pathways. This review critically examines the current understanding of the intricate interplay between glioma, exosomal ncRNAs, and various components of the glioma TME. By shedding light on the roles of ncRNAs in mediating intercellular communication, this review underscores their significance in orchestrating TME transformation and highlights their potential as novel therapeutic targets for effectively tackling glioma progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Marangon
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Luo M, Luan X, Jiang G, Yang L, Yan K, Li S, Xiang W, Zhou J. The Dual Effects of Exosomes on Glioma: A Comprehensive Review. J Cancer 2023; 14:2707-2719. [PMID: 37779868 PMCID: PMC10539397 DOI: 10.7150/jca.86996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a frequently occurring type of cancer that affects the central nervous system. Despite the availability of standardized treatment options including surgical resection, concurrent radiotherapy, and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) therapy, the prognosis for glioma patients is often unfavorable. Exosomes act as vehicles for intercellular communication, contributing to tissue repair, immune modulation, and the transfer of metabolic cargo to recipient cells. However, the transmission of abnormal substances can also contribute to pathologic states such as cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The field of exosome research in oncology has seen significant advancements, with exosomes identified as dynamic modulators of tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as angiogenesis and drug resistance. Exosomes have negligible cytotoxicity, low immunogenicity, and small size, rendering them an ideal therapeutic candidate for glioma. This comprehensive review discusses the dual effects of exosomes in glioma, with an emphasis on their role in facilitating drug resistance. Furthermore, the clinical applications and current limitations of exosomes in glioma therapy are also discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maowen Luo
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xingzhao Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of PanZhiHua University, PanZhiHua 617000, China
| | - Gen Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Luxia Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Kekun Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of PanZhiHua University, PanZhiHua 617000, China
| | - Shenjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yi Q, Yue J, Liu Y, Shi H, Sun W, Feng J, Sun W. Recent advances of exosomal circRNAs in cancer and their potential clinical applications. J Transl Med 2023; 21:516. [PMID: 37525158 PMCID: PMC10388565 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA that forms a covalently closed, uninterrupted loop. The expression of circRNA differs among cell types and tissues, and various circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in a variety of diseases, including cancer. Aberrantly expressed circRNAs contribute to disease progression by acting as microRNA sponges, functional protein sponges, or novel templates for protein translation. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs are enriched in exosomes. Exosomes are spherical bilayer vesicles released by cells into extracellular spaces that mediate intercellular communication by delivering cargoes. These cargoes include metabolites, proteins, lipids, and RNA molecules. Exosome-mediated cell-cell or cell-microenvironment communications influence the progression of carcinogenesis by regulating cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis as well as immune escape. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about exosomal circRNAs in cancers and discuss their specific functions in tumorigenesis. Additionally, we discuss the potential value of exosomal circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and the potential applications of exosomal circRNA-based cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jiaji Yue
- Department of Bone Joint and Bone Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Bone Joint and Bone Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Houyin Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Bone Joint and Bone Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Bone Joint and Bone Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ye F, Liang Y, Wang Y, Le Yang R, Luo D, Li Y, Jin Y, Han D, Chen B, Zhao W, Wang L, Chen X, Ma T, Kong X, Yang Q. Cancer-associated fibroblasts facilitate breast cancer progression through exosomal circTBPL1-mediated intercellular communication. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:471. [PMID: 37495592 PMCID: PMC10372047 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major common malignancy worldwide among women. Previous studies reported that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) showed pivotal roles in regulating tumor progression via exosome-mediated cellular communication. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the exosomal circRNA from CAFs in breast cancer progression remains ambiguous. Here, exosomal circRNA profiling of breast cancer-derived CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) was detected by high-throughput sequencing, and upregulated circTBPL1 expression was identified in CAF exosomes. The exosomal circTBPL1 from CAFs could be transferred to breast cancer cells and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Consistently, circTBPL1 knockdown in CAFs attenuated their tumor-promoting ability. Further exploration identified miR-653-5p as an inhibitory target of circTBPL1, and ectopic expression of miR-653-5p could partially reverse the malignant phenotypes induced by circTBPL1 overexpression in breast cancer. Additionally, TPBG was selected as a downstream target gene, and circTBPL1 could protect TPBG from miR-653-5p-mediated degradation, leading to enhanced breast cancer progression. Significantly, the accelerated tumor progression triggered by exosomal circTBPL1 from CAFs was confirmed in xenograft models. Taken together, these results revealed that exosomal circTBPL1 derived from CAFs contributed to cancer progression via miR-653-5p/TPBG pathway, indicating the potential of exosomal circTBPL1 as a biomarker and novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhou Ye
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Robert Le Yang
- Shandong Experimental High School, 250001, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dianwen Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Kong
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China.
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China.
- Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin Z, Ji Y, Zhou J, Li G, Wu Y, Liu W, Li Z, Liu T. Exosomal circRNAs in cancer: Implications for therapy resistance and biomarkers. Cancer Lett 2023; 566:216245. [PMID: 37247772 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advances in cancer treatment in recent years, the development of resistance to cancer therapy remains the biggest hurdle towards curative cancer treatments. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer therapy resistance is of paramount clinical importance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), novel members of the noncoding RNA family, are endogenous biomolecules in eukaryotes characterized by a covalently closed loop structure with multiple biological functions. Significantly, circRNAs are abundant and stable in exosomes and can be packaged, secreted and transferred to targeted tumour cells, thereby modulating diverse hallmarks of cancer behaviours, such as proliferation, migration, and immune escape. Notably, a great number of exosomal circRNAs are abnormally expressed during cancer treatment and can mediate cancer therapy resistance through complex mechanisms; therefore, targeting exosomal circRNAs is a promising therapeutic method to reverse therapy resistance. This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying exosomal circRNAs controlling the resistance of cancer to common therapies, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy, and we also discussed the therapeutic potential of exosomal circRNAs as clinical biomarkers and novel targets in cancer clinical management. We also discussed the prospects and challenges of targeting exosomal circRNAs as a novel therapeutic strategy for reversing cancer therapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqiao Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang F, Jiang J, Qian H, Yan Y, Xu W. Exosomal circRNA: emerging insights into cancer progression and clinical application potential. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:67. [PMID: 37365670 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal circRNA serves a novel genetic information molecule, facilitating communication between tumor cells and microenvironmental cells, such as immune cells, fibroblasts, and other components, thereby regulating critical aspects of cancer progression including immune escape, tumor angiogenesis, metabolism, drug resistance, proliferation and metastasis. Interestingly, microenvironment cells have new findings in influencing tumor progression and immune escape mediated by the release of exosomal circRNA. Given the intrinsic stability, abundance, and broad distribution of exosomal circRNAs, they represent excellent diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for liquid biopsy. Moreover, artificially synthesized circRNAs may open up new possibilities for cancer therapy, potentially bolstered by nanoparticles or plant exosome delivery strategies. In this review, we summarize the functions and underlying mechanisms of tumor cell and non-tumor cell-derived exosomal circRNAs in cancer progression, with a special focus on their roles in tumor immunity and metabolism. Finally, we examine the potential application of exosomal circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, highlighting their promise for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Zhangjiagang, Suzhou, 215600, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on sEVs Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Jiang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Zhangjiagang, Suzhou, 215600, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on sEVs Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qian
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on sEVs Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Zhangjiagang, Suzhou, 215600, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, No. 2 North Yongning Road, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, 279 Jingang Road, Zhangjiagang, Suzhou, 215600, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on sEVs Foundation and Transformation Application, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Guo X, Gao C, Yang DH, Li S. Exosomal circular RNAs: A chief culprit in cancer chemotherapy resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 67:100937. [PMID: 36753923 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatments for malignant tumors. However, the acquired drug resistance hinders clinical efficacy and leads to treatment failure in most patients. Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm carrying and delivering substances such as DNAs, RNAs, lipids, and proteins for cellular communication in tumor development. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) present covalently closed-loop RNA structures, which regulate tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis by controlling different genes and signaling pathways. CircRNAs are abundant and stably expressed in exosomes. Recent studies have shown that they play critical roles in chemotherapy resistance in various cancers. In this review, we summarized the origin of exosomes and discussed the regulation mechanism of exosomal circRNAs in cancer drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology,Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110042, China
| | - Congying Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- New York College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA.
| | - Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology,Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang Liaoning Province 110042, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu X, Shi M, Lian Y, Zhang H. Exosomal circRNAs as promising liquid biopsy biomarkers for glioma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1039084. [PMID: 37122733 PMCID: PMC10140329 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1039084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy strategies enable the noninvasive detection of changes in the levels of circulating biomarkers in body fluid samples, providing an opportunity to diagnose, dynamically monitor, and treat a range of diseases, including cancers. Glioma is among the most common forms of intracranial malignancy, and affected patients exhibit poor prognostic outcomes. As such, diagnosing and treating this disease in its early stages is critical for optimal patient outcomes. Exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in both the onset and progression of glioma. Both the roles of exosomes and methods for their detection have received much attention in recent years and the detection of exosomal circRNAs by liquid biopsy has significant potential for monitoring dynamic changes in glioma. The present review provides an overview of the circulating liquid biopsy biomarkers associated with this cancer type and the potential application of exosomal circRNAs as tools to guide the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of glioma patients during disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Haifeng Zhang, ; Yajun Lian,
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Haifeng Zhang, ; Yajun Lian,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kang F, Yan Y, Liu Y, Liang Q, Xu Z, Zhu W, Thakur A. Unraveling the significance of exosomal circRNAs in cancer therapeutic resistance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1093175. [PMID: 36874026 PMCID: PMC9974836 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1093175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles secreted by a variety of cells, affecting the physiological and pathological homeostasis. They carry various cargoes including proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA and have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular communication. During cell-cell communication, they can internalize either by autologous or heterologous recipient cells, which activate different signaling pathways, facilitating malignant progression of cancer. Among different types of cargoes in exosomes, the endogenous non-coding RNAs, such as circular RNAs (or circRNAs), have gained tremendous attention for their high stability and concentration, playing promising functional roles in cancer chemotherapeutic response by regulating the targeted gene expression. In this review, we primarily described the emerging evidence demonstrating the important roles of circular RNAs derived from exosomes in the regulation of cancer-associated signaling pathways that were involved in cancer research and therapeutic interventions. Additionally, the relevant profiles of exosomal circRNAs and their biological implications have been discussed, which is under investigation for their potential effect on the control of cancer therapeutic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanhua Kang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuju Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pan X, Wang Q, Yu Y, Wu W, Chen L, Wang W, Li Z. Antisense lncRNA NNT-AS1 promoted esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating its sense gene NNT expression. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:424. [PMID: 36270987 PMCID: PMC9586939 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01216-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense lncRNAs were endogenous productions from the antisense strand of coding genes and were transcribed in the reverse direction of the sense gene. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles and functions of antisense lncRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Differentially expressed antisense lncRNAs were initially screened based on transcriptome data of 119 paired ESCC samples in GSE53624 and were further validated in 6 paired ESCC samples from our institution. Log-rank test was adopted to identify ESCC prognosis-associated lncRNAs. Finally, functional assays were performed to reveal the functions of our identified antisense lncRNAs. In total, 174 antisense lncRNAs were differentially expressed in both GSE53624 and JSPH databases. Five of them were significantly associated with ESCC prognosis (NNT-AS1, NKILA, CCDC18-AS1, SLCO4A1-AS1, and AC110619.1). Of note, NNT-AS1 showed the most significant association with ESCC prognosis. The upregulation of NNT-AS1 was further confirmed in ESCC cells. Knockdown of NNT-AS1 inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration, promoted ESCC cells apoptosis, and induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M stage. NNT-AS1 expression significantly correlated with its sense gene NNT. As expected, NNT-AS1 knockdown suppressed NNT expression. Inhibition of NNT repressed ESCC cell proliferation and migration, and accelerated ESCC cell apoptosis. Overexpression of NNT could rescue the suppressed proliferation and migration of ESCC cells induced by the silencing of NNT-AS1. In terms of mechanism, NNT-AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA to sponge the miR-382-5p, which could inhibit NNT expression. Pathway enrichment analysis and western blot assay indicated that NNT-AS1 and NNT could regulate the cell cycle pathway. In conclusion, antisense lncRNA NNT-AS1 facilitated ECSS progression by targeting its sense gene NNT through sponging miR-382-5p. This study provided us with a deeper insight into the roles of antisense lncRNAs in ESCC and identified novel potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|