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Chen X, Feng J, Li Z, Feng H, Song C, Cai L, Joosten MHAJ, Du Y. Lipid transfer protein StLTPa enhances potato disease resistance against different pathogens by binding and disturbing the integrity of pathogens plasma membrane. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1913-1925. [PMID: 38366362 PMCID: PMC11182592 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Potato is the third most important food crop worldwide. Potato production suffers from severe diseases caused by multiple detrimental plant pathogens, and broad-spectrum disease resistance genes are rarely identified in potato. Here we identified the potato non-specific lipid transfer protein StLTPa, which enhances species none-specific disease resistance against various pathogens, such as the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae, and the bacterial pathogens Pectobacterium carotovorum and Ralstonia solanacearum. The StLTPa overexpression potato lines do not show growth penalty. Furthermore, we provide evidence that StLTPa binds to lipids present in the plasma membrane (PM) of the hyphal cells of P. infestans, leading to an increased permeability of the PM. Adding of PI(3,5)P2 and PI(3)P could compete the binding of StLTPa to pathogen PM and reduce the inhibition effect of StLTPa. The lipid-binding activity of StLTPa is essential for its role in pathogen inhibition and promotion of potato disease resistance. We propose that StLTPa enhances potato broad-spectrum disease resistance by binding to, and thereby promoting the permeability of the PM of the cells of various pathogens. Overall, our discovery illustrates that increasing the expression of a single gene in potato enhances potato disease resistance against different pathogens without growth penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High‐Efficiency Production and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Jiashu Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High‐Efficiency Production and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High‐Efficiency Production and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Hui Feng
- College of Tobacco Science of Guizhou University/Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education)/Guizhou Key Lab of Agro‐BioengineeringGuiyangChina
| | - Chunxu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lin Cai
- College of Tobacco Science of Guizhou University/Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education)/Guizhou Key Lab of Agro‐BioengineeringGuiyangChina
| | | | - Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High‐Efficiency Production and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
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Zhu X, Li W, Zhang N, Jin H, Duan H, Chen Z, Chen S, Wang Q, Tang J, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Si H. StMAPKK5 responds to heat stress by regulating potato growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defenses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1392425. [PMID: 38817936 PMCID: PMC11137293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1392425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Backgrounds As a conserved signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade regulates cellular signaling in response to abiotic stress. High temperature may contribute to a significant decrease in economic yield. However, research into the expression patterns of StMAPKK family genes under high temperature is limited and lacks experimental validation regarding their role in supporting potato plant growth. Methods To trigger heat stress responses, potato plants were grown at 35°C. qRT-PCR was conducted to analyze the expression pattern of StMAPKK family genes in potato plants. Plant with StMAPKK5 loss-of-function and gain-of-function were developed. Potato growth and morphological features were assessed through measures of plant height, dry weight, and fresh weight. The antioxidant ability of StMAPKK5 was indicated by antioxidant enzyme activity and H2O2 content. Cell membrane integrity and permeability were suggested by relative electrical conductivity (REC), and contents of MDA and proline. Photosynthetic capacity was next determined. Further, mRNA expression of heat stress-responsive genes and antioxidant enzyme genes was examined. Results In reaction to heat stress, the expression profiles of StMAPKK family genes were changed. The StMAPKK5 protein is located to the nucleus, cytoplasm and cytomembrane, playing a role in controlling the height and weight of potato plants under heat stress conditions. StMAPKK5 over-expression promoted photosynthesis and maintained cell membrane integrity, while inhibited transpiration and stomatal conductance under heat stress. Overexpression of StMAPKK5 triggered biochemical defenses in potato plant against heat stress, modulating the levels of H2O2, MDA and proline, as well as the antioxidant activities of CAT, SOD and POD. Overexpression of StMAPKK5 elicited genetic responses in potato plants to heat stress, affecting heat stress-responsive genes and genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion StMAPKK5 can improve the resilience of potato plants to heat stress-induced damage, offering a promising approach for engineering potatoes with enhanced adaptability to challenging heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huimin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiannan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Cheng X, Wan M, Song Y, Liu Q, Hu X, Chen X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wu R, Lu Q, Huang Y, Lv J, Cai W, Guan D, Yang S, He S. CaSTH2 disables CaWRKY40 from activating pepper thermotolerance and immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum via physical interaction. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae066. [PMID: 38725461 PMCID: PMC11079491 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
CaWRKY40 coordinately activates pepper immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum infection (RSI) and high temperature stress (HTS), forms positive feedback loops with other positive regulators and is promoted by CaWRKY27b/CaWRKY28 through physical interactions; however, whether and how it is regulated by negative regulators to function appropriately remain unclear. Herein, we provide evidence that CaWRKY40 is repressed by a SALT TOLERANCE HOMOLOG2 in pepper (CaSTH2). Our data from gene silencing and transient overexpression in pepper and epoptic overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed that CaSTH2 acted as negative regulator in immunity against RSI and thermotolerance. Our data from BiFC, CoIP, pull down, and MST indicate that CaSTH2 interacted with CaWRKY40, by which CaWRKY40 was prevented from activating immunity or thermotolerance-related genes. It was also found that CaSTH2 repressed CaWRKY40 at least partially through blocking interaction of CaWRKY40 with CaWRKY27b/CaWRKY28, but not through directly repressing binding of CaWRKY40 to its target genes. The results of study provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying the coordination of pepper immunity and thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingge Cheng
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Meiyun Wan
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yuqiu Song
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiufang Chen
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xujing Zhang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yapeng Zhang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ruijie Wu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Qiaoling Lu
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yu Huang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jingang Lv
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - WeiWei Cai
- College of of Horticultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 350002, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuilin He
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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Liu L, Ma L, Yu Y, Ma Z, Yin Y, Zhou S, Yu Y, Cui N, Meng X, Fan H. Cucumis sativus CsbZIP90 suppresses Podosphaera xanthii resistance by modulating reactive oxygen species. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111945. [PMID: 38061503 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to disease in plants requires the coordinated action of multiple functionally related genes, as it is difficult to improve disease resistance with a single functional gene. Therefore, the use of transcription factors to regulate the expression of multiple resistance genes to improve disease resistance has become a recent focus in the field of gene research. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family plays vital regulatory roles in processes, such as plant growth and development and the stress response. In our previous study, CsbZIP90 (Cucsa.134370) was involved in the defense response of cucumber to Podosphaera xanthii, but the relationship between cucumber and resistance to powdery mildew remained unclear. Herein, we detected the function of CsbZIP90 in response to P. xanthii. CsbZIP90 was localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its expression was significantly induced during P. xanthii attack. Transient overexpression of CsbZIP90 in cucumber cotyledons resulted in decreased resistance to P. xanthii, while silencing CsbZIP90 increased resistance to P. xanthii. CsbZIP90 negatively regulated the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes and activities of ROS-related kinases. Taken together, our results show that CsbZIP90 suppresses P. xanthi resistance by modulating ROS. This study will provide target genes for breeding cucumbers resistant to P. xanthii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lifeng Ma
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yongbo Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhangtong Ma
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yunhan Yin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Na Cui
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiangnan Meng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Haiyan Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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Taliei F, Sabouri H, Kazerani B, Ghasemi S. Finding stable and closely linked QTLs against spot blotch in different planting dates during the adult stage in barley. Sci Rep 2024; 14:818. [PMID: 38191625 PMCID: PMC10774436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The common resistance to Spot Blotch (SB) and drought stress in barley was studied using a RILs population caused Kavir × Badia cross. These lines were inoculated with Cochliobolus sativus Gonbad isolate during the adult stage and were evaluated for three crop seasons in different planting dates. The different osmotic potentials during the flowering were regulated by changing the planting dates. In total, 43 lines had resistant to SB and drought. The high-density linkage map covered 1045 cM of barley genome. A total of five stable and closely linked QTLs to SB resistance were mapped on chromosomes 2H, 3H, 4H and 7H using genome-wide composite interval mapping. Moreover, four stable and closely linked QTLs to SB susceptibility were located on chromosomes 3H, 4H, 5H and 7H. Additionally, the ISJ19-A, SCoT7-C, ISJ17-B, Bmac0144k, iPBS2415-1, Bmac0282b and EBmatc0016 markers can be used for positive screening of resistant cultivars. However, ISJ3-C, UMB310, ISJ9-B, UMB706, D03-D and iPBS2257-A markers can be used for negative screening of susceptible cultivars in marker-assisted selection. The bioinformatics studies showed that QRCsa-2H (ISJ19-A region), QRCsa-2H (SCoT7-C-ISJ17-B region), QRCsa-3H (Bmac0144k region), QRCsa-4H (iPBS2415-1 region) and QRCsa-7H (Bmac0282b-EBmatc0016 region) are involved in the carboxypeptidase, Glycosyltransferase, transcription factors, kinase and AP2/ERF, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhtak Taliei
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
| | - Hossein Sabouri
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | - Borzo Kazerani
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shahram Ghasemi
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
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Yuan Z, Yang T, Xiong Q, Shi Y, Han X, Lin Y, Wambui NH, Liu Z, Wang Y, Liu H. PCAP-1a, an exopolysaccharide from Pectobacterium actinidiae, exerts the dual role of immunogenicity and virulence in plants. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121390. [PMID: 37940244 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant defense mechanisms begin with the recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs). Several carbohydrates, such as chitin, were reported to induce plant defenses, acting as elicitors. Regrettably, the structures of polysaccharide elicitors have rarely been characterized, and their recognition receptors in plants remain unknown. In the present study, PCAP-1a, an exopolysaccharide (PCAP-1a) purified from Pectobacterium actinidiae, was characterized and found to induce rapid cell death of dicotyledons, acting as a polysaccharide elicitor to induce plant immunity. A series of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) responses were triggered, including reactive oxygen species production, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and gene transcriptional reprogramming. Moreover, we confirmed that CERK1 is probably one of the immune coreceptors for plants to recognize PCAP-1a. Notably, PCAP-1a also promotes the infection caused by P. actinidiae. In conclusion, our study supports the potential of PCAP-1a as a toxin that plays a dual role of virulence and immune induction in pathogen-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tingmi Yang
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Construction Laboratory of Probiotics Preparation, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xixi Han
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Njoroge Hellen Wambui
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Construction Laboratory of Probiotics Preparation, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China.
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7
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Zhang H, Ikram M, Li R, Xia Y, Zhao W, Yuan Q, Siddique KHM, Guo P. Uncovering the transcriptional responses of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) roots to Ralstonia solanacearum infection: a comparative study of resistant and susceptible cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:620. [PMID: 38057713 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04633-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is the most serious soil-borne disease of tobacco that significantly reduces crop yield. However, the limited availability of resistance in tobacco hinders breeding efforts for this disease. RESULTS In this study, we conducted hydroponic experiments for the root expression profiles of D101 (resistant) and Honghuadajinyuan (susceptible) cultivars in response to BW infection at 0 h, 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7d to explore the defense mechanisms of BW resistance in tobacco. As a result, 20,711 and 16,663 (total: 23,568) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the resistant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. In brief, at 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d, the resistant cultivar showed upregulation of 1553, 1124, 2583, and 7512 genes, while the susceptible cultivar showed downregulation of 1213, 1295, 813, and 7735 genes. Similarly, across these time points, the resistant cultivar had downregulation of 1034, 749, 1686, and 11,086 genes, whereas the susceptible cultivar had upregulation of 1953, 1790, 2334, and 6380 genes. The resistant cultivar had more up-regulated genes at 3 d and 7 d than the susceptible cultivar, indicating that the resistant cultivar has a more robust defense response against the pathogen. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these genes are involved in responses to oxidative stress, plant-pathogen interactions, cell walls, glutathione and phenylalanine metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction. Among the DEGs, 239 potential candidate genes were detected, including 49 phenylpropane/flavonoids pathway-associated, 45 glutathione metabolic pathway-associated, 47 WRKY, 48 ERFs, eight ARFs, 26 pathogenesis-related genes (PRs), and 14 short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase genes. In addition, two highly expressed novel genes (MSTRG.61386-R1B-17 and MSTRG.61568) encoding nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins were identified in both cultivars at 7 d. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed significant enrichment of DEGs in GO and KEGG terms linked to glutathione, flavonoids, and phenylpropane pathways, indicating the potential role of glutathione and flavonoids in early BW resistance in tobacco roots. These findings offer fundamental insight for further exploration of the genetic architecture and molecular mechanisms of BW resistance in tobacco and solanaceous plants at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanshi Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weicai Zhao
- Guangdong Research Institute of Tobacco Science, Shaoguan, 512029, China
| | - Qinghua Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Peiguo Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Morgan BL, Kakeshpour T, Occhialini A, King G, Sichterman M, Harbison SA, Rigoulot SB, Brabazon H, Stewart CN, Lenaghan SC. Heterologous Expression of OtsB Increases Tuber Yield and Phenotypic Stability in Potato under Both Abiotic and Biotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3394. [PMID: 37836134 PMCID: PMC10574632 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate-smart and sustainable crops are needed for the future. Engineering crops for tolerance of both abiotic and biotic stress is one approach. The accumulation of trehalose, controlled through trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) or OtsA and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) or OtsB genes in microbes, is known to provide protection for many microbial and fungal species against abiotic stress. The effect of trehalose accumulation in plant species is less understood. Here, we studied the heterologous expression of Escherichia coli OtsB in potato (Solanum tuberosum var. 'Desiree') with regards to stress tolerance. The performance of transgenic lines was assessed in both growth chambers and greenhouse mesocosms. Overexpressing potato OtsB lines significantly increased resilience to heat, photoperiod, herbivory, and competition when compared with wildtype plants. Most strikingly, when subjected to high temperatures, transgenic lines exhibited a significantly lower reduction in tuber yield ranging from 40% to 77%, while wildtype plants experienced a 95% decrease in tuber yield. When exposed to competitors in a selected StSP3D::OtsB line, tuber yield was 1.6 times higher than wildtype. Furthermore, transgenic lines performed significantly better under low-nutrient regimes: under competition, yield increased by 1.5-fold. Together, these results demonstrate that increased trehalose has the potential to create more resistant and stable crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britany Lauren Morgan
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
| | - Tayebeh Kakeshpour
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Alessandro Occhialini
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Gabriella King
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Megan Sichterman
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
| | - Stacee A. Harbison
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
| | - Stephen B. Rigoulot
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
- Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, 9 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Holly Brabazon
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Charles Neal Stewart
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Scott C. Lenaghan
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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9
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Manna M, Rengasamy B, Sinha AK. Revisiting the role of MAPK signalling pathway in plants and its manipulation for crop improvement. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023. [PMID: 37157977 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important signalling event associated with every aspect of plant growth, development, yield, abiotic and biotic stress adaptation. Being a central metabolic pathway, it is a vital target for manipulation for crop improvement. In this review, we have summarised recent advancements in understanding involvement of MAPK signalling in modulating abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, architecture and yield of plants. MAPK signalling cross talks with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and abscisic acid (ABA) signalling events in bringing about abiotic stress adaptation in plants. The intricate involvement of MAPK pathway with plant's pathogen defence ability has also been identified. Further, recent research findings point towards participation of MAPK signalling in shaping plant architecture and yield. These make MAPK pathway an important target for crop improvement and we discuss here various strategies to tweak MAPK signalling components for designing future crops with improved physiology and phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Manna
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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10
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Yang H, Chen X, Yang R, Cheng J, Chen Y, Joosten MHAJ, Du Y. The potato StMKK5-StSIPK module enhances resistance to Phytophthora pathogens through activating the salicylic acid and ethylene signalling pathways. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:399-412. [PMID: 36782107 PMCID: PMC10098055 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play pivotal roles in plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stress. A screen of a Nicotiana benthamiana cDNA virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) library for altered plant responses to inoculation with Phytophthora infestans previously identified an NbMKK gene, encoding a clade D MAPKK that we renamed as NbMKK5, which is involved in immunity to P. infestans. To study the role of the potato orthologous gene, referred to as StMKK5, in the response to P. infestans, we transiently overexpressed StMKK5 in N. benthamiana and observed that cell death occurred at 2 days postinfiltration. Silencing of the highly conserved eukaryotic protein SGT1 delayed the StMKK5-induced cell death, whereas silencing of the MAPK-encoding gene NbSIPK completely abolished the cell death response. Further investigations showed that StMKK5 interacts with, and directly phosphorylates, StSIPK. Furthermore, both StMKK5 and StSIPK trigger salicylic acid (SA)- and ethylene (Eth)-related gene expression, and co-expression of the salicylate hydroxylase NahG with the negative regulator of Eth signalling CTR1 hampers StSIPK-triggered cell death. This observation indicates that the cell death triggered by StMKK5-StSIPK is dependent on the combination of SA- and Eth-signalling. By introducing point mutations, we showed that the kinase activity of both StMKK5 and StSIPK is required for triggering cell death. Genetic analysis showed that StMKK5 depends on StSIPK to trigger plant resistance. Thus, our results define a potato StMKK5-SIPK module that positively regulates immunity to P. infestans via activation of both the SA and Eth signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xiaokang Chen
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Ruixin Yang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Jing Cheng
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yong Chen
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | | | - Yu Du
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for VegetablesYanglingChina
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11
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Signal Molecules Regulate the Synthesis of Secondary Metabolites in the Interaction between Endophytes and Medicinal Plants. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling molecules act as the links and bridges between endophytes and host plants. The recognition of endophytes and host plants, the regulation of host plant growth and development, and the synthesis of secondary metabolites are not separated by the participation of signaling molecules. In this review, we summarized the types and characteristics of signaling molecules in medicinal plants and the recent processes in intracellular conduction and multi-molecular crosstalk of signaling molecules during interactions between endophytic bacteria and medicinal plants. In addition, we overviewed the molecular mechanism of signals in medical metabolite accumulation and regulation. This work provides a reference for using endophytic bacteria and medicinal plants to synthesize pharmaceutical active ingredients in a bioreactor.
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12
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Li F, Chen X, Yang R, Zhang K, Shan W, Joosten MHAJ, Du Y. Potato protein tyrosine phosphatase StPTP1a is activated by StMKK1 to negatively regulate plant immunity. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:646-661. [PMID: 36519513 PMCID: PMC9946141 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora infestans causes severe losses in potato production. The MAPK kinase StMKK1 was previously found to negatively regulate potato immunity to P. infestans. Our results showed that StMKK1 interacts with a protein tyrosine phosphatase, referred to as StPTP1a, and StMKK1 directly phosphorylates StPTP1a at residues Ser-99, Tyr-223 and Thr-290. StPTP1a is a functional phosphatase and the phosphorylation of StPTP1a at these three residues enhances its stability and catalytic activity. StPTP1a negatively regulates potato immunity and represses SA-related gene expression. Furthermore, StPTP1a interacts with, and dephosphorylates, the StMKK1 downstream signalling targets StMPK4 and -7 at their Tyr-203 residue resulting in the repression of salicylic acid (SA)-related immunity. Silencing of NbPTP1a + NbMPK4 or NbPTP1a + NbMPK7 abolished the plant immunity to P. infestans caused by NbPTP1a silencing, indicating that PTP1a functions upstream of NbMPK4 and NbMPK7. StMKK1 requires StPTP1a to negatively regulate SA-related immunity and StPTP1a is phosphorylated and stabilized during immune activation to promote the de-phosphorylation of StMPK4 and -7. Our results reveal that potato StMKK1 activates and stabilizes the tyrosine phosphatase StPTP1a that in its turn de-phosphorylates StMPK4 and -7, thereby repressing plant SA-related immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Xiaokang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Ruixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | | | - Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
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13
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Jose J, Éva C, Bozsó Z, Hamow KÁ, Fekete Z, Fábián A, Bánfalvi Z, Sági L. Global transcriptome and targeted metabolite analyses of roots reveal different defence mechanisms against Ralstonia solanacearum infection in two resistant potato cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1065419. [PMID: 36733596 PMCID: PMC9889091 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1065419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), the causal agent of bacterial wilt disease in an unusually wide range of host plants, including potato (Solanum tuberosum), is one of the most destructive phytopathogens that seriously reduces crop yields worldwide. Identification of defence mechanisms underlying bacterial wilt resistance is a prerequisite for biotechnological approaches to resistance breeding. Resistance to Rs has been reported only in a few potato landraces and cultivars. Our in vitro inoculation bioassays confirmed that the cultivars 'Calalo Gaspar' (CG) and 'Cruza 148' (CR) are resistant to Rs infection. Comparative transcriptome analyses of CG and CR roots, as well as of the roots of an Rs-susceptible cultivar, 'Désirée' (DES), were carried out two days after Rs infection, in parallel with their respective noninfected controls. In CR and DES, the upregulation of chitin interactions and cell wall-related genes was detected. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism pathways were induced only in CR, as confirmed by high levels of lignification over the whole stele in CR roots six days after Rs infection. At the same time, Rs infection greatly increased the concentrations of chlorogenic acid and quercetin derivatives in CG roots as it was detected using ultra-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Characteristic increases in the expression of MAP kinase signalling pathway genes and in the concentrations of jasmonic, salicylic, abscisic and indoleacetic acid were measured in DES roots. These results indicate different Rs defence mechanisms in the two resistant potato cultivars and a different response to Rs infection in the susceptible cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeny Jose
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Plant Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Csaba Éva
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bozsó
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kamirán Áron Hamow
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Plant Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Fekete
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Attila Fábián
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Bánfalvi
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - László Sági
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
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14
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Li J, Deng F, Wang H, Qiang X, Meng Y, Shan W. The Raf-like kinase Raf36 negatively regulates plant resistance against the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora parasitica by targeting MKK2. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:530-542. [PMID: 34935273 PMCID: PMC8916217 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Oomycetes represent a unique group of plant pathogens that are phylogenetically distant from true fungi and cause significant crop losses and environmental damage. Understanding of the genetic basis of host plant susceptibility facilitates the development of novel disease resistance strategies. In this study, we report the identification of an Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA mutant with enhanced resistance to Phytophthora parasitica with an insertion in the Raf-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase gene Raf36. We generated additional raf36 mutants by CRISPR/Cas9 technology as well as Raf36 complementation and overexpression transformants, with consistent results of infection assays showing that Raf36 mediates Arabidopsis susceptibility to P. parasitica. Using a virus-induced gene silencing assay, we silenced Raf36 homologous genes in Nicotiana benthamiana and demonstrated by infection assays the conserved immune function of Raf36. Mutagenesis analyses indicated that the kinase activity of Raf36 is important for its immune function and interaction with MKK2, a MAPK kinase. By generating and analysing mkk2 mutants and MKK2 complementation and overexpression transformants, we found that MKK2 is a positive immune regulator in the response to P. parasitica infection. Furthermore, infection assay on mkk2 raf36 double mutant plants indicated that MKK2 is required for the raf36-conferred resistance to P. parasitica. Taken together, we identified a Raf-like kinase Raf36 as a novel plant susceptibility factor that functions upstream of MKK2 and directly targets it to negatively regulate plant resistance to P. parasitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Li
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Fengyan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xiaoyu Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yuling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
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15
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Li T, Zhang H, Xu L, Chen X, Feng J, Wu W, Du Y. StMPK7 phosphorylates and stabilizes a potato RNA-binding protein StUBA2a/b to enhance plant defence responses. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac177. [PMID: 36324643 PMCID: PMC9614683 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play pivotal roles in regulating plant immunity. MAPKs usually transduce signals and regulate plant immunity by phosphorylating the downstream defence-related components. Our previous study indicates that StMPK7 positively regulates plant defence to Phytophthora pathogens via SA signalling pathway. However, the downstream component of StMPK7 remains unknown. In this study, we employed GFP-StMPK7 transgenic potato and performed immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) to identify the downstream component of StMPK7. We found that an RNA binding protein StUBA2a/b interacted with StMPK7, as revealed by luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) and coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays. Transient expression of StUBA2a/b in Nicociana benthamiana enhanced plant resistance to Phytophthora pathogens, while silencing of UBA2a/b decreased the resistance, suggesting a positive regulator role of UBA2a/b in plant immunity. Similar to StMPK7, StUBA2a/b was also involved in SA signalling pathway and induced SGT1-dependent cell death as constitutively activated (CA)-StMPK7 did. Immune blotting indicated that StMPK7 phosphorylates StUBA2a/b at thr248 and thr408 (T248/408) sites and stabilizes StUBA2a/b. Silencing of MPK7 in N. benthamiana suppressed StUBA2a/b-induced cell death, while co-expression with StMPK7 enhanced the cell death. Besides, StUBA2a/bT248/408A mutant showed decreased ability to trigger cell death and elevate the expression of PR genes, indicating the phosphorylation by StMPK7 enhances the functions of StUBA2a/b. Moreover, CA-StMPK7-induced cell death was largely suppressed by silencing of NbUBA2a/b, genetically implying UBA2a/b acts as the downstream component of StMPK7. Collectively, our results reveal that StMPK7 phosphorylates and stabilizes its downstream substrate StUBA2a/b to enhance plant immunity via the SA signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liwen Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaokang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiashu Feng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weijun Wu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University and State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, China
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16
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Pan X, Chen J, Yang A, Yuan Q, Zhao W, Xu T, Chen B, Ren M, Geng R, Zong Z, Ma Z, Huang Z, Zhang Z. Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Defense-Related Genes Against Ralstonia solanacearum Infection in Tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:767882. [PMID: 34970284 PMCID: PMC8712766 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum), is a vascular disease affecting diverse solanaceous crops and causing tremendous damage to crop production. However, our knowledge of the mechanism underlying its resistance or susceptibility is very limited. In this study, we characterized the physiological differences and compared the defense-related transcriptomes of two tobacco varieties, 4411-3 (highly resistant, HR) and K326 (moderately resistant, MR), after R. solanacearum infection at 0, 10, and 17 days after inoculation (dpi). A total of 3967 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the HR and MR genotypes under mock condition at three time points, including1395 up-regulated genes in the HR genotype and 2640 up-regulated genes in the MR genotype. Also, 6,233 and 21,541 DEGs were induced in the HR and MR genotypes after R. solanacearum infection, respectively. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses revealed that DEGs in the HR genotype were related to the cell wall, starch and sucrose metabolism, glutathione metabolism, ABC transporters, endocytosis, glycerolipid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. The defense-related genes generally showed genotype-specific regulation and expression differences after R. solanacearum infection. In addition, genes related to auxin and ABA were dramatically up-regulated in the HR genotype. The contents of auxin and ABA in the MR genotype were significantly higher than those in the HR genotype after R. solanacearum infection, providing insight into the defense mechanisms of tobacco. Altogether, these results clarify the physiological and transcriptional regulation of R. solanacearum resistance infection in tobacco, and improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the plant-pathogen interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghua Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicai Zhao
- Nanxiong Tobacco Science Institute of Guangdong, Nanxiong, China
| | - Tingyu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruimei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaohui Zong
- Nanxiong Tobacco Science Institute of Guangdong, Nanxiong, China
| | - Zhuwen Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenrui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenchen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crops Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS), Guangzhou, China
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