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Pereira Duarte R, Cancela Ramos HC, Rodrigues Xavier L, Azevedo Vimercati Pirovani A, Souza Rodrigues A, Turquetti-Moraes DK, Rodrigues da Silva Junior I, Motta Venâncio T, Silveira V, Gonzaga Pereira M. Comparative proteomic analysis of papaya bud flowers reveals metabolic signatures and pathways driving hermaphrodite development. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8867. [PMID: 38632280 PMCID: PMC11024100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Papaya (Carica papaya) is a trioecious species with female, male, and hermaphrodite plants. Given the sex segregation, selecting hermaphroditic plants is vital for orchard establishment due to their greater commercial value. However, selecting hermaphrodite plants through sexing is laborious and costly. Moreover, environmental stressors can exacerbate the issue by potentially inducing abnormal flower development, thus affecting fruit quality. Despite these challenges, the molecular mechanisms governing sex development in papaya remain poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to identify proteins associated with sex development in female and hermaphrodite flowers of papaya through comparative proteomic analysis. Proteins from flower buds at the early and late developmental stages of three papaya genotypes (UENF-CALIMAN 01, JS12, and Sunrise Solo 72/12) were studied via proteomic analysis via the combination of the shotgun method and nanoESI-HDMSE technology. In buds at an early stage of development, 496 (35.9%) proteins exhibited significantly different abundances between sexes for the SS72/12 genotype, 139 (10%) for the JS12 genotype, and 165 (11.9%) for the UC-01 genotype. At the final stage of development, there were 181 (13.5%) for SS72/12, 113 (8.4%) for JS12, and 125 (9.1%) for UC-01. The large group of differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) between the sexes was related to metabolism, as shown by the observation of only the proteins that exhibited the same pattern of accumulation in the three genotypes. Specifically, carbohydrate metabolism proteins were up-regulated in hermaphrodite flower buds early in development, while those linked to monosaccharide and amino acid metabolism increased during late development. Enrichment of sporopollenin and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways characterizes hermaphrodite samples across developmental stages, with predicted protein interactions highlighting the crucial role of phenylpropanoids in sporopollenin biosynthesis for pollen wall formation. Most of the DAPs played key roles in pectin, cellulose, and lignin synthesis and were essential for cell wall formation and male flower structure development, notably in the pollen coat. These findings suggest that hermaphrodite flowers require more energy for development, likely due to complex pollen wall formation. Overall, these insights illuminate the molecular mechanisms of papaya floral development, revealing complex regulatory networks and energetic demands in the formation of male reproductive structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Pereira Duarte
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal - LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil.
| | - Helaine Christine Cancela Ramos
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal - LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rodrigues Xavier
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia - LBT, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Adriana Azevedo Vimercati Pirovani
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal - LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Alex Souza Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal - LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Dayana Kelly Turquetti-Moraes
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos - LQFPP, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Izaias Rodrigues da Silva Junior
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal - LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Thiago Motta Venâncio
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos - LQFPP, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Vanildo Silveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia - LBT, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
| | - Messias Gonzaga Pereira
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal - LMGV, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, 28.013-602, Brazil
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Kakui H, Ujino-Ihara T, Hasegawa Y, Tsurisaki E, Futamura N, Iwai J, Higuchi Y, Fujino T, Suzuki Y, Kasahara M, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Otani M, Nakano M, Nameta M, Shibata S, Ueno S, Moriguchi Y. A single-nucleotide substitution of CjTKPR1 determines pollen production in the gymnosperm plant Cryptomeria japonica. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad236. [PMID: 37559748 PMCID: PMC10408704 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Pollinosis, also known as pollen allergy or hay fever, is a global problem caused by pollen produced by various plant species. The wind-pollinated Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is the largest contributor to severe pollinosis in Japan, where increasing proportions of people have been affected in recent decades. The MALE STERILITY 4 (MS4) locus of Japanese cedar controls pollen production, and its homozygous mutants (ms4/ms4) show abnormal pollen development after the tetrad stage and produce no mature pollen. In this study, we narrowed down the MS4 locus by fine mapping in Japanese cedar and found TETRAKETIDE α-PYRONE REDUCTASE 1 (TKPR1) gene in this region. Transformation experiments using Arabidopsis thaliana showed that single-nucleotide substitution ("T" to "C" at 244-nt position) of CjTKPR1 determines pollen production. Broad conservation of TKPR1 beyond plant division could lead to the creation of pollen-free plants not only for Japanese cedar but also for broader plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kakui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Tokuko Ujino-Ihara
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hasegawa
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Eriko Tsurisaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Norihiro Futamura
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Junji Iwai
- Forest and Forestry Technology Division, Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Niigata 958-0264, Japan
| | - Yuumi Higuchi
- Forest and Forestry Technology Division, Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Niigata 958-0264, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujino
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kasahara
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Otani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masaru Nakano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nameta
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
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Xu K, Zhu J, Guo N, Liu J, Zhai H, Zhu X, Gao Y, Wu H, Xia Z. A novel 7-base pair deletion at a splice site in MS-2 impairs male fertility via premature tapetum degradation in common bean (Phaseolis vulgaris L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:56. [PMID: 36912958 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel splice-site mutation in the P. vulgarisgene for TETRAKETIDE α-PYRONE REDUCTASE 2 impairs male fertility, and parthenocarpic pod development can be improved by external application of IAA. Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important vegetable crop in many parts of the world, and the main edible part is the fresh pod. Here, we report the characterization of the genic male sterility (ms-2) mutant in common bean. Loss of function of MS-2 accelerates degradation of the tapetum, resulting in a complete male sterility. Through fine-mapping, co-segregation, and re-sequencing analysis, we identified Phvul.003G032100, which encodes the TETRAKETIDE α-PYRONE REDUCTASE 2 (PvTKPR2) protein in common bean, as the causal gene for MS-2. PvTKPR2 is predominantly expressed at the early stages of flower development. A novel 7-bp (+ 6028 bp to + 6034 bp) deletion mutation spans the splice site between the fourth intron and fifth exon, leading to a 9-bp deletion in transcribed mRNA and a 3-amino acid (G210M211V212) deletion in the protein coding sequence of the PvTKPR2ms-2 gene. The 3-D structural changes in the protein due to the mutation may impair the activities of NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase and the NAD(P)-binding domains of PvTKPR2ms-2 protein. The ms-2 mutant plants produce many small parthenocarpic pods, and the size of the pods can be doubled by external application of 2 mM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Our results demonstrate that a novel mutation in PvTKPR2 impairs male fertility through premature degradation of the tapetum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Horticulture Department, College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, 74 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhengjun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Peddinti G, Hotti H, Teeri TH, Rischer H. De novo transcriptome assembly of Conium maculatum L. to identify candidate genes for coniine biosynthesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17562. [PMID: 36266299 PMCID: PMC9584964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Poison hemlock (Conium maculatum L.) is a notorious weed containing the potent alkaloid coniine. Only some of the enzymes in the coniine biosynthesis have so far been characterized. Here, we utilize the next-generation RNA sequencing approach to report the first-ever transcriptome sequencing of five organs of poison hemlock: developing fruit, flower, root, leaf, and stem. Using a de novo assembly approach, we derived a transcriptome assembly containing 123,240 transcripts. The assembly is deemed high quality, representing over 88% of the near-universal ortholog genes of the Eudicots clade. Nearly 80% of the transcripts were functionally annotated using a combination of three approaches. The current study focuses on describing the coniine pathway by identifying in silico transcript candidates for polyketide reductase, L-alanine:5-keto-octanal aminotransferase, γ-coniceine reductase, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine:coniine methyltransferase. In vitro testing will be needed to confirm the assigned functions of the selected candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Peddinti
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, VTT, P.O. Box 1000, 02044, Espoo, Finland
| | - Hannu Hotti
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, VTT, P.O. Box 1000, 02044, Espoo, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu H Teeri
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heiko Rischer
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tietotie 2, VTT, P.O. Box 1000, 02044, Espoo, Finland.
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Zhu L, Pietiäinen M, Kontturi J, Turkkelin A, Elomaa P, Teeri TH. Polyketide reductases in defense-related parasorboside biosynthesis in Gerbera hybrida share processing strategies with microbial polyketide synthase systems. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:296-308. [PMID: 35719102 PMCID: PMC9541798 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant polyketides are well-known for their crucial functions in plants and their importance in the context of human health. They are synthesized by type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) and their final functional diversity is determined by post-PKS tailoring enzymes. Gerbera hybrida is rich in two defense-related polyketides: gerberin and parasorboside. Their synthesis is known to be initiated by GERBERA 2-PYRONE SYNTHASE 1 (G2PS1), but the polyketide reductases (PKRs) that determine their final structure have not yet been identified. We identified two PKR candidates in the pathway, GERBERA REDUCTASE 1 (GRED1) and GRED2. Gene expression and metabolite analysis of different gerbera tissues, cultivars, and transgenic gerbera plants, and in vitro enzyme assays, were performed for functional characterization of the enzymes. GRED1 and GRED2 catalyze the second reduction step in parasorboside biosynthesis. They reduce the proximal keto domain of the linear CoA bound intermediate before lactonization. We identified a crucial tailoring step in an important gerbera PKS pathway and show that plant polyketide biosynthesis shares processing strategies with fungi and bacteria. The two tailoring enzymes are recruited from the ancient sporopollenin biosynthetic pathway to a defense-related PKS pathway in gerbera. Our data provide an example of how plants recruit conserved genes to new functions in secondary metabolism that are important for environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingping Zhu
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00014 UHFinland
| | - Milla Pietiäinen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00014 UHFinland
| | - Juha Kontturi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00014 UHFinland
| | - Anna Turkkelin
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00014 UHFinland
| | - Paula Elomaa
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00014 UHFinland
| | - Teemu H. Teeri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki00014 UHFinland
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