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Li XC, Zhu XY, Wang YY, Tong SL, Chen ZL, Lu ZY, Zhang JH, Song LL, Wang XH, Zhang C, Sun YH, Zhong CY, Su LH, Wang LX, Huang XY. Canagliflozin alleviates pulmonary hypertension by activating PPARγ and inhibiting its S225 phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1861-1878. [PMID: 38719955 PMCID: PMC11335861 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive fatal disease with no cure. Canagliflozin (CANA), a novel medication for diabetes, has been found to have remarkable cardiovascular benefits. However, few studies have addressed the effect and pharmacological mechanism of CANA in the treatment of PH. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the effect and pharmacological mechanism of CANA in treating PH. First, CANA suppressed increased pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and vascular remodeling in both mouse and rat PH models. Network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and biological results suggested that CANA could ameliorate PH by suppressing excessive oxidative stress and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation partially through the activation of PPARγ. Further studies demonstrated that CANA inhibited phosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser225 (a novel serine phosphorylation site in PPARγ), thereby promoting the nuclear translocation of PPARγ and increasing its ability to resist oxidative stress and proliferation. Taken together, our study not only highlighted the potential pharmacological effect of CANA on PH but also revealed that CANA-induced inhibition of PPARγ Ser225 phosphorylation increases its capacity to counteract oxidative stress and inhibits proliferation. These findings may stimulate further research and encourage future clinical trials exploring the therapeutic potential of CANA in PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Chun Li
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xia-Yan Zhu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yang-Yue Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | | | - Zhi-Li Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zi-Yi Lu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | | | - Lan-Lan Song
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xing-Hong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yi-Han Sun
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | | | - Li-Huang Su
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Liang-Xing Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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Zeng W, Liang Y, Huang S, Zhang J, Mai C, He B, Shi L, Liu B, Li W, Huang X, Li X. Ciprofloxacin Accelerates Angiotensin-II-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Senescence Through Modulating AMPK/ROS pathway in Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:889-903. [PMID: 39138741 PMCID: PMC11335803 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) is a cardiovascular disease that poses a severe threat to life and has high morbidity and mortality rates. Clinical and animal-based studies have irrefutably shown that fluoroquinolones, a commonly prescribed antibiotic for treating infections, significantly increase the risk of AAD. Despite this, the precise mechanism by which fluoroquinolones cause AAD remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism and role of Ciprofloxacin definitively-a type of fluoroquinolone antibiotic-in the progression of AAD. Aortic transcriptome data were collected from GEO datasets to detect the genes and pathways expressed differently between healthy donors and AAD patients. Human primary Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) were isolated from the aorta. After 72 h of exposure to 110ug/ml Ciprofloxacin or 100 nmol/L AngII, either or combined, the senescent cells were identified through SA-β-gal staining. MitoTracker staining was used to examine the morphology of mitochondria in each group. Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels were measured using MitoSox and DCFH-DA staining. Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein expression level. We conducted an analysis of transcriptome data from both healthy donors and patients with AAD and found that there were significant changes in cellular senescence-related signaling pathways in the latter group. We then isolated and identified human primary VSMCs from healthy donors (control-VSMCs) and patients' (AAD-VSMCs) aortic tissue, respectively. We found that VSMCs from patients exhibited senescent phenotype as compared to control-VSMCs. The higher levels of p21 and p16 and elevated SA-β-gal activity demonstrated this. We also found that pretreatment with Ciprofloxacin promoted angiotensin-II-induced cellular senescence in control-VSMCs. This was evidenced by increased SA-β-gal activity, decreased cell proliferation, and elevation of p21 and p16 protein levels. Additionally, we found that Angiotensin-II (AngII) induced VSMC senescence by promoting ROS generation. We used DCFH-DA and mitoSOX staining to identify that Ciprofloxacin and AngII pretreatment further elevated ROS levels than the vehicle or alone group. Furthermore, JC-1 staining showed that mitochondrial membrane potential significantly declined in the Ciprofloxacin and AngII combination group compared to others. Compared to the other three groups, pretreatment of Ciprofloxacin plus AngII could further induce mitochondrial fission, demonstrated by mitoTracker staining and western blotting assay. Mechanistically, we found that Ciprofloxacin impaired the balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics in VSMCs by suppressing the phosphorylation of AMPK signaling. This caused mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS generation, thereby elevating AngII-induced cellular senescence. However, treatment with the AMPK activator partially alleviated those effects. Our data indicate that Ciprofloxacin may accelerate AngII-induced VSMC senescence through modulating AMPK/ROS signaling and, subsequently, hasten the progression of AAD.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Aortic Dissection/chemically induced
- Aortic Dissection/pathology
- Aortic Dissection/enzymology
- Aortic Dissection/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Angiotensin II/toxicity
- Cells, Cultured
- Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Aortic Aneurysm/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm/enzymology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Zeng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaowen Liang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shangjun Huang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Mai
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binbin He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linli Shi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojuan Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoran Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xin Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Algeria Joint Laboratory On Emergeney Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Xega V, Liu JL. Beyond reproduction: unraveling the impact of sex hormones on cardiometabolic health. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:284-300. [PMID: 39135604 PMCID: PMC11317208 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2024-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
This review thoroughly explores the multifaceted roles of sexual hormones, emphasizing their impact beyond reproductive functions and underscoring their significant influence on cardiometabolic regulation. It analyzes the broader physiological implications of estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone, highlighting their effects on metabolic syndrome, lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and cardiovascular health. Drawing from diverse molecular, clinical, and therapeutic studies, the paper delves into the intricate interplay between these hormones and cardiometabolic processes. By presenting a comprehensive analysis that goes beyond traditional perspectives, and recognizing sexual hormones as more than reproductive agents, the review sheds light on their broader significance in health and disease management, advocating for holistic and personalized medical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Xega
- MeDiC Program, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Wu X, Wei D, Liu X, Yuchi Y, Liao W, Wang C, Huo W, Mao Z. The relationship between cooking fuel use and sex hormone levels: A cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170621. [PMID: 38316302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of solid fuel use on serum sex hormone levels. Furthermore, the effects of improved kitchen ventilation and duration of cooking time on the relationship between solid fuel use and serum sex hormone levels will be further explored. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 5386 individuals were recruited. Gender and menopausal status modified associations between solid fuel type and serum sex hormone levels was investigated through generalized linear models and further analyzed by improving kitchen ventilation and length of cooking time on the relationship between solid fuel use and serum sex hormone levels. To identify the causal association, mendelian randomization of two-sample was performed. RESULTS In observational analyses, for ln-17-hydroxyprogesterone, ln-testosterone, and ln-androstenedione among premenopausal women, the estimated β and 95 % CI of sex hormone levels for the effect of solid fuel users was -0.337 (-0.657, -0.017), -0.233 (-0.47, 0.005), and - 0.240 (-0.452, -0.028) respectively, and - 0.150 (-0.296, -0.004) in ln-progesterone among postmenopausal women. It was found that combining solid fuels with long cooking periods or no ventilation more effectively reduced testosterone and androstenedione in premenopausal women. We further found the adverse effects of using solid fuel on progesterone, testosterone, and androstenedione levels were enhanced with the increases of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2. Corresponding genetic, the causal risk effect of solid fuel were - 0.056 (-0.513, 0.4) and 0.026 (-3.495, 3.547) for testosterone levels and sex hormone binding globulin, respectively. CONCLUSION Using gas or solid fuel was negatively related to sex hormone levels. A combination of using solid fuels, cooking for a long time, or cooking without ventilation had a stronger effect on sex hormone levels. However, genetic evidence did not support causality for the associations. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC?: The mechanisms underlying these associations household air pollution (HAP) from incomplete combustion of such fuels and occurrence of chronic diseases remained obscure. Recent years, extensive evidences from animal as well as human researches have suggested that progestogen and androgen hormones are involved in the development of diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, which indicated that changes in serum progestogen and androgen hormones levels might play a role in these pathological mechanisms. However, limited evidence exists examining the effect of HAP from solid fuel use on serum sex hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yinghao Yuchi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Lai Y, Loy F, Isola M, Noli R, Rinaldi A, Lobina C, Vargiu R, Cesare Marincola F, Isola R. Male and Female Mitochondria Respond Differently after Exercising in Acute Hypoxia. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3149. [PMID: 38137370 PMCID: PMC10740434 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of hypoxic devices among athletes who train in normobaric hypoxia has become increasingly popular; however, the acute effects on heart and brain metabolism are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the mitochondrial bioenergetics in trained male and female Wistar rats after acute hypoxia training. The experimental plan included exercising for 30 min on a treadmill in a Plexiglas cage connected to a hypoxic generator set at 12.5% O2 or in normoxia. After the exercise, the rats were sacrificed, and their mitochondria were isolated from their brains and hearts. The bioenergetics for each complex of the electron transport chain was tested using a Clark-type electrode. The results showed that following hypoxia training, females experienced impaired oxidative phosphorylation through complex II in heart subsarcolemmal mitochondria, while males had an altered ADP/O in heart interfibrillar mitochondria, without any change in oxidative capacity. No differences from controls were evident in the brain, but an increased electron transport system efficiency was observed with complex I and IV substrates in males. Therefore, the study's findings suggest that hypoxia training affects the heart mitochondria of females more than males. This raises a cautionary flag for female athletes who use hypoxic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Lai
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Francesco Loy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Michela Isola
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Roberta Noli
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Carla Lobina
- Neuroscience Institute, Division of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Romina Vargiu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Flaminia Cesare Marincola
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Raffaella Isola
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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Abstract
Endothelial cells are important constituents of blood vessels and play a critical role in vascular homeostasis. They do not only control the exchanges between the blood and the surrounding tissues, but are also essential in regulating blood flow, modulating immune-cell trafficking and controlling vascular growth and repair. Endothelial dysfunction leads to cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by deficiency in secretion of vasodilator molecules, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression of adhesion molecules and excretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The sex hormones, estrogens, androgens and progestogens, regulate endothelial functions. Because cardiovascular disease risk increases after menopause, it is believed that female hormones, estrogens and progestogens promote endothelial cell health and function whereas androgens, the male hormones, might be detrimental. However, as illustrated in the present review, the picture might not be that simple. In addition, sex influences endothelial cell physiology independently of sex hormones but at genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Robert
- University Hospital of Zurich, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Wagistrasse 14, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
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Phua TJ. Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1196648. [PMID: 37384143 PMCID: PMC10293850 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1196648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation pathophysiology are closely associated with human age-related carcinogenesis and chronic diseases. However, the connection between hypoxia and hormonal cell signaling pathways is unclear, but such human age-related comorbid diseases do coincide with the middle-aging period of declining sex hormonal signaling. This scoping review evaluates the relevant interdisciplinary evidence to assess the systems biology of function, regulation, and homeostasis in order to discern and decipher the etiology of the connection between hypoxia and hormonal signaling in human age-related comorbid diseases. The hypothesis charts the accumulating evidence to support the development of a hypoxic milieu and oxidative stress-inflammation pathophysiology in middle-aged individuals, as well as the induction of amyloidosis, autophagy, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in aging-related degeneration. Taken together, this new approach and strategy can provide the clarity of concepts and patterns to determine the causes of declining vascularity hemodynamics (blood flow) and physiological oxygenation perfusion (oxygen bioavailability) in relation to oxygen homeostasis and vascularity that cause hypoxia (hypovascularity hypoxia). The middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis could provide the mechanistic interface connecting the endocrine, nitric oxide, and oxygen homeostasis signaling that is closely linked to the progressive conditions of degenerative hypertrophy, atrophy, fibrosis, and neoplasm. An in-depth understanding of these intrinsic biological processes of the developing middle-aged hypoxia could provide potential new strategies for time-dependent therapies in maintaining healthspan for healthy lifestyle aging, medical cost savings, and health system sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teow J. Phua
- Molecular Medicine, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Transcriptomic analysis of the cerebral hippocampal tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rats exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia: associations with inflammation and energy metabolism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3681. [PMID: 36878975 PMCID: PMC9988845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of acute hypobaric hypoxia (AHH) on the hippocampal region of the brain in early-stage spontaneously hypertensive male rats. The rats were classified into a control (ground level; ~ 400 m altitude) group and an AHH experimental group placed in an animal hypobaric chamber at a simulated altitude of 5500 m for 24 h. RNA-Seq analysis of the brains and hippocampi showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily associated with ossification, fibrillar collagen trimer, and platelet-derived growth factor binding. The DEGs were classified into functional categories including general function prediction, translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, replication, recombination, and repair. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were primarily associated with relaxin signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and amoebiasis pathways. Protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that 48 DEGs were involved in both inflammation and energy metabolism. Further, we performed validation experiments to show that nine DEGs were closely associated with inflammation and energy metabolism, of which two (Vegfa and Angpt2) and seven (Acta2, Nfkbia, Col1a1, Edn1, Itga1, Ngfr, and Sgk1) genes showed up and downregulated expression, respectively. Collectively, these results indicated that inflammation and energy metabolism-associated gene expression in the hippocampus was altered in early-stage hypertension upon AHH exposure.
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Transcriptional regulation of NRF1 on metabotropic glutamate receptors in a neonatal hypoxic‑ischemic encephalopathy rat model. Pediatr Res 2022:10.1038/s41390-022-02353-9. [PMID: 36280709 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a kind of brain injury that causes severe neurological disorders in newborns. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are significantly associated with HIE and are involved in ischemia-induced excitotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the upstream mechanisms of mGluRs and the transcriptional regulation by nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1). METHODS The rat model of neonatal HIE was created using unilateral carotid artery ligation and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation paradigm. We used western blot, immunofluorescence, Nissl staining, and Morris water maze to investigate the impact of NRF1 on brain damage and learning memory deficit by HIE. We performed ChIP and luciferase activities to identify the transcriptional regulation of NRF1 on mGluRs. RESULTS The neuronal NRF1 and some glutamatergic genes expression synchronously declined in infarcted tissues. The NRF1 overexpression effectively restored the expression of some glutamatergic genes and improved cognitive performance. NRF1 regulated some members of mGluRs and iGluRs in hypoxic-ischemic neurons. Finally, NRF1 is bound to the promoter regions of Grm1, Grm2, and Grm8 to activate their transcription. CONCLUSIONS NRF1 is involved in the pathology of the neonatal HIE rat model, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach to neonatal HIE. IMPACT NRF1 and some glutamatergic genes were synchronously downregulated in the infarcted brain of the neonatal HIE rat model. NRF1 overexpression could rescue cognitive impairment caused by the neonatal HIE rat model. NRF1 regulated the expressions of Grm1, Grm2, and Grm8, which activated their transcription by binding to the promoter regions.
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Xue Y, Wang X, Wan B, Wang D, Li M, Cheng K, Luo Q, Wang D, Lu Y, Zhu L. Caveolin-1 accelerates hypoxia-induced endothelial dysfunction in high-altitude cerebral edema. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:160. [PMID: 36253854 PMCID: PMC9575296 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a serious and potentially fatal brain injury that is caused by acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure. Vasogenic edema is the main pathological factor of this condition. Hypoxia-induced disruptions of tight junctions in the endothelium trigger blood‒brain barrier (BBB) damage and induce vasogenic edema. Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) acts as a major regulator of hypoxia-induced endothelial cell injury, and caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is upregulated as its downstream gene in hypoxic endothelial cells. This study aimed to investigate whether CAV-1 is involved in HACE progression and the underlying mechanism. Methods C57BL/6 mice were exposed to HH (7600 m above sea level) for 24 h, and BBB injury was assessed by brain water content, Evans blue staining and FITC-dextran leakage. Immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscope, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), transcytosis assays, and western blotting were performed to confirm the role and underlying mechanism of CAV-1 in the disruption of tight junctions and BBB permeability. Mice or bEnd.3 cells were pretreated with MβCD, a specific blocker of CAV-1, and the effect of CAV-1 on claudin-5 internalization under hypoxic conditions was detected by immunofluorescence, western blotting, and TEER. The expression of NRF1 was knocked down, and the regulation of CAV-1 by NRF1 under hypoxic conditions was examined by qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Results The BBB was severely damaged and was accompanied by a significant loss of vascular tight junction proteins in HACE mice. CAV-1 was significantly upregulated in endothelial cells, and claudin-5 explicitly colocalized with CAV-1. During the in vitro experiments, hypoxia increased cell permeability, CAV-1 expression, and claudin-5 internalization and downregulated tight junction proteins. Simultaneously, hypoxia induced the upregulation of CAV-1 by activating NRF1. Blocking CAV-1-mediated intracellular transport improved the integrity of TJs in hypoxic endothelial cells and effectively inhibited the increase in BBB permeability and brain water content in HH animals. Conclusions Hypoxia upregulated CAV-1 transcription via the activation of NRF1 in endothelial cells, thus inducing the internalization and autophagic degradation of claudin-5. These effects lead to the destruction of the BBB and trigger HACE. Therefore, CAV-1 may be a potential therapeutic target for HACE. Video abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00976-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.,Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226007, China.,Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, 226010, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Baolan Wan
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226006, China
| | - Meiqi Li
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Kang Cheng
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yapeng Lu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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Wang L, Chen G, Hou J, Wei D, Liu P, Nie L, Fan K, Wang J, Xu Q, Song Y, Wang M, Huo W, Jing T, Li W, Guo Y, Wang C, Mao Z. Ambient ozone exposure combined with residential greenness in relation to serum sex hormone levels in Chinese rural adults. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112845. [PMID: 35134378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to ambient ozone (O3) and residential greenness independently relate to altered hormones levels in urban settings and developed countries. However, independent and their joint associations with progestogen and androgen were sparsely studied in rural regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 6211 individuals were recruited in this study. Random forest model was applied to predict the daily average concentrations of O3 using the satellites data. Residential greenness was reflected by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure serum progestogen and androgen concentrations. Gender and menopausal status modified associations of long-term exposure to O3 and residential greenness with hormones levels were analyzed by generalized linear models. RESULTS Long-term exposure to O3 was negatively related to 17-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, and androstenedione in both men and women (premenopausal and postmenopausal); the estimated β and 95% CI of ln-progesterone in response to per 10 μg/m3 increment in O3 concentration was -0.560 (-0.965, -0.155) in postmenopausal women. Association of long-term exposure to O3 with serum androgen levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women were alleviated by residing in places with higher greenness. Additionally, a prominent effect of long-term exposure to O3 related to decreased serum progestogen and androgen levels was found in participants with middle- or high-level of physical activity or lower education level. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that long-term exposure to high levels of O3 related to decreased serum androgen levels was attenuated by living in high greenness places in women regardless of menopause status. Future studies are needed to confirm the positive health effects of residential greenness on the potential detrimental effects due to exposure to O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Pengling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Luting Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Tao Jing
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Wang X, Chen G, Wan B, Dong Z, Xue Y, Luo Q, Wang D, Lu Y, Zhu L. NRF1-mediated microglial activation triggers high-altitude cerebral edema. J Mol Cell Biol 2022; 14:6608944. [PMID: 35704676 PMCID: PMC9486928 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjac036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a potentially fatal encephalopathy associated with a time-dependent exposure to the hypobaric hypoxia of altitude. The formation of HACE is affected by both vasogenic and cytotoxic edema. The over-activated microglia potentiate the damage of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and exacerbate cytotoxic edema. In light with the activation of microglia in HACE, we aimed to investigate whether the over-activated microglia were the key turning point of acute mountain sickness to HACE. In in vivo experiments, by exposing mice to hypobaric hypoxia (7000 m above sea level) to induce HACE model, we found that microglia were activated and migrated to blood vessels. Microglia depletion by PLX5622 obviously relieved brain edema. In in vitro experiments, we found that hypoxia induced cultured microglial activation, leading to the destruction of endothelial tight junction and astrocyte swelling. Up-regulated nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) accelerated pro-inflammatory factors through transcriptional regulation on nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in activated microglia under hypoxia. NRF1 also up-regulated phagocytosis by transcriptional regulation on caveolin-1 (CAV-1) and adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit beta (AP2B1). The present study reveals a new mechanism in HACE: hypoxia over-activates microglia through up-regulation of NRF1, which both induces inflammatory response through transcriptionally activating NF-κB p65 and TFAM, and enhances phagocytic function through up-regulation of CAV-1 and AP2B1; hypoxia-activated microglia destroy the integrity of BBB and release pro-inflammatory factors that eventually induce HACE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guijuan Chen
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Baolan Wan
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Zhangji Dong
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yapeng Lu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Correspondence to: Li Zhu, E-mail:
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Reply to a letter to the Editor regarding the article "Testosterone attenuates hypoxia-induced hypertension by affecting NRF1-mediated transcriptional regulation of ET-1 and ACE". Hypertens Res 2021; 44:1690. [PMID: 34580424 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Burtscher J, Millet GP, Burtscher M. Sex-dependent blood pressure regulation in acute hypoxia. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:1689. [PMID: 34580425 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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