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Walter LM, Kleeman EA, Shetty M, Bassam A, Andiana AS, Tamanyan K, Davey MJ, Nixon GM, Horne RS. The surge in heart rate and blood pressure at respiratory event termination is dampened in children with down syndrome. Sleep Med 2024; 119:451-457. [PMID: 38788315 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a high prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and altered cardiovascular autonomic control. We aimed to analyze the effect of DS on the surge in heart rate (HR) and pulse transit time (PTT, an inverse surrogate measure of blood pressure change) at respiratory event termination. METHODS 44 children (3-19 y) with DS and 44 typically developing (TD) children matched for SDB severity, age and sex underwent overnight polysomnography. Multilevel modelling determined the effect of DS on HR and PTT changes between a 10s pre-event to the latter half of each respiratory event (late-event) and 15s post-event during NREM and REM, accounting for SDB severity and event length. RESULTS The children with DS had a significantly smaller % change in HR late-event to post-event (NREM: DS 26.4 % ± 17.5 % (mean ± SD), TD 30.7 % ± 21.0 %; REM DS 16.9 % ± 15.3 %, TD 21.0 % ± 14.0 %; p < 0.05 for both) compared with TD children for obstructive events, and central events (13.2 % ± 17.0 %, TD 18.8 % ± 17.0 %; p < 0.01) during REM. %change in PTT was significantly smaller in the DS group during NREM and REM from pre-event and late-event to post-event compared with TD children for obstructive and central events. CONCLUSION These results suggest children with DS have dampened HR and BP responses to respiratory events compared with TD children. Whether this is symptomatic of autonomic dysfunction or a protective factor for the cardiovascular system in children with DS remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Walter
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Marisha Shetty
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ahmad Bassam
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alyssa S Andiana
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Knarik Tamanyan
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Margot J Davey
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Children's Sleep Centre, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gillian M Nixon
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Children's Sleep Centre, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Christofaro DGD, Tebar WR, Silva CCMD, Saraiva BTC, Santos AB, Antunes EP, Leite EGF, Leoci IC, Beretta VS, Ferrari G, Mota J, Vanderlei LCM, Ritti-Dias RM. Association of parent-child health parameters and lifestyle habits - the "epi-family health" longitudinal study protocol. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:83. [PMID: 38863036 PMCID: PMC11165776 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle and habits, cardiovascular risk factors (CRF), bone and mental health, dietary habits, physical activity, among others are developed in childhood and adolescence. Family environment has shown to play an important role in these outcomes. However, whether the parent-child relationship lifestyle habits and health parameters can be influenced by physical activity patterns still unclear. The objective of this study will be to monitor and investigate the associations between lifestyle habits between parents and their children longitudinally, as well as verify whether in more active parents, the possible associations with lifestyle habits are different from those of parents considered less active. METHODS The sample will consist of parents (father, mother, or both) and their children /adolescents. The participants will be recruited through public call by flyers spread across all the regions of the city and also through social media. The health parameters will include cardiovascular (cardiac autonomic modulation, blood pressure and resting heart rate), bone mineral density, anthropometric indices, handgrip strength, mental health (quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms and stress), self-reported morbidities and musculoskeletal pain. Lifestyle habits will include physical activity levels, sedentary behavior, sleep parameters, eating patterns, smoking and alcohol consumption. Sociodemographic variables of age, sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic status will be considered as covariates. The follow-up visits of data collection will be scheduled after a period of 12 months from the baseline assessment during every twelve months. DISCUSSION The family environment has great potential to determine lifestyle habits in children and adolescents. Based on the results presented in the present study, we hope that health promotion actions can be better designed in the family environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
| | - William Rodrigues Tebar
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudiele Carla Marques da Silva
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Thamyres Ciccotti Saraiva
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Barbosa Santos
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Ewerton Pegorelli Antunes
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Enrique Gervazoni Ferreira Leite
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabella Cristina Leoci
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Spiandor Beretta
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei
- School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Zip Code, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
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Asserhøj LL, Mizrak I, Lebech Kjaer AS, Clausen TD, Hoffmann ER, Greisen G, Main KM, Madsen PL, Pinborg A, Jensen RB. Blood pressure and lipid profiles in children born after ART with frozen embryo transfer. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae016. [PMID: 38600915 PMCID: PMC11004555 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are blood pressure (BP) and lipid profiles different between children conceived after ART with frozen embryo transfer (FET), fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET), and natural conception (NC)? SUMMARY ANSWER Girls conceived after FET had significantly higher systolic BP and heart rate compared with girls born after fresh-ET; boys conceived after FET had a slightly more favourable lipid profile compared with boys born after fresh-ET and NC. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Children conceived after ART with FET are more often born large for gestational age (LGA). LGA in general increases the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in life. Studies on mice and humans on the whole ART population have raised concerns about premature vascular ageing and higher BP. The cardiovascular health of children born after FET is scarcely explored and the results are diverging. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION This study was part of the cohort study 'Health in Childhood following Assisted Reproductive Technology' (HiCART), which included 606 singletons (292 boys) born between December 2009 and December 2013: 200 children were conceived after FET; 203 children were conceived after fresh-ET; and 203 children were conceived naturally and matched for birth year and sex. The study period lasted from January 2019 to September 2021. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS The included children were 7-10 years of age at examination and underwent a clinical examination with anthropometric measurements, pubertal staging, and BP measurement. Additionally, a fasting blood sample was collected and analysed for cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and triglycerides. Systolic and diastolic BP were converted to standard deviation scores (SDS) using an appropriate reference and accounting for height (SDS) of the child. The three study groups were compared pairwise using a univariate linear regression model. Mean differences were adjusted for confounders using multiple linear regression analyses. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Girls and boys conceived after FET had significantly higher birthweight (SDS) compared with naturally conceived peers (mean difference: girls: 0.35, 95% CI (0.06-0.64), boys: 0.35, 95% CI (0.03-0.68)). Girls conceived after FET had significantly higher systolic BP (SDS) and heart rate compared with girls conceived after fresh-ET (adjusted mean difference: systolic BP (SDS): 0.25 SDS, 95% CI (0.03-0.47), heart rate: 4.53, 95% CI (0.94-8.13)). Regarding lipid profile, no significant differences were found between the three groups of girls. For the boys, no significant differences were found for BP and heart rate. Lipid profiles were more favourable in boys born after FET compared with both boys conceived after fresh-ET and NC. All outcomes were adjusted for parity, maternal BMI at early pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, educational level, birthweight, breastfeeding, child age at examination, and onset of puberty. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION The participation rate varied from 18 to 42% in the three groups, and therefore selection bias cannot be excluded. However, extensive non-participant analyses were performed that showed almost no differences in background characteristics between participants and non-participants in the three groups, making selection bias less likely. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The higher birthweight in children conceived after FET was associated with increased systolic BP (SDS) and heart rate in girls conceived after FET compared with fresh-ET. This may be an early indicator of compromised long-term cardiovascular health in this group. The study was not powered to investigate these outcomes and further studies are therefore warranted to confirm the findings. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The study was funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant number: NNF18OC0034092, NFF19OC0054340) and Rigshospitalets Forskningsfond. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03719703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Laub Asserhøj
- The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology, Fertility and Obstetrics, Centre JMC, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research & Training in Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ikram Mizrak
- The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology, Fertility and Obstetrics, Centre JMC, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anna Sophie Lebech Kjaer
- The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology, Fertility and Obstetrics, Centre JMC, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine Dalsgaard Clausen
- The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology, Fertility and Obstetrics, Centre JMC, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva R Hoffmann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF) Centre for Chromosome Stability, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gorm Greisen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina M Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research & Training in Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Lav Madsen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Pinborg
- The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology, Fertility and Obstetrics, Centre JMC, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Beck Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
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Park PG, Park E, Kang HG. Increasing trend in hypertension prevalence among Korean adolescents from 2007 to 2020. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:617. [PMID: 38409007 PMCID: PMC10898016 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18093-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of hypertension in Korean adolescents, its long-term trends, and factors associated with the development of hypertension. METHODS Data of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2007 to 2020 were combined into three time periods (2007-2011, 2012-2016, and 2017-2020). A total of 11,146 Korean adolescents aged 10-18 were included in the analysis. The definition of hypertension was based on the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for hypertension. RESULTS The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 5.47%, 7.85%, and 9.92% in 2007-2011, 2012-2016, and 2017-2020, respectively. Long-term trend analysis using Joinpoint analysis over the observation period showed a significantly increasing trend in hypertension prevalence with a mean annual percentage change of 6.4%. Boys, those aged 13-15, those aged 16-18, overweight/obese, and those living in urban areas were more likely to develop hypertension (OR 1.980, 1.492, 3.180, 2.943, and 1.330, respectively). CONCLUSION The prevalence of hypertension in Korean adolescents was higher than the global prevalence of hypertension and showed an increase over a 13-year period. Targeted strategies for prevention and early detection of hypertension are needed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peong Gang Park
- Departments of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Departments of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eujin Park
- Departments of Pediatrics, Korea University Guro Hospital, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Korea.
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Departments of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Departments of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Petersen KE, Rosthøj S, Halkjær J, Loft S, Tjønneland A, Olsen A. Parental cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the offspring: The Diet, Cancer and Health cohorts. Atherosclerosis 2024; 388:117406. [PMID: 38141480 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiovascular disease (CVD) aggregates in families and offspring with parental CVD may have adverse risk factor levels long time before the potential onset of CVD. We compared risk factor levels in offspring of parents with atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) and parents with no ASCVD at different parental ages at onset. METHODS The study included 5751 participants (median age: 50 years) of the Diet, Cancer and Health - Next Generations study. Measurements included blood pressure, body composition and lipid fractions. Information on parental ASCVD and age at disease onset was obtained through register linkage. Parental ASCVD was defined as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or peripheral artery disease occurring <70 years, prematurely (mothers: <65 years fathers: <55 years), divided into age categories or using a broader classification of CVD. Linear regression models using Generalized Estimating Equations were used for analysis. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity and some additionally for BMI. RESULTS Offspring with parental ASCVD had a higher blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI, visceral adipose tissue, percentage of body fat and non-HDL cholesterol levels, but not other lipid levels, compared to offspring with no parental ASCVD (all p < 0.01). Overall, the same patterns were observed for parental ASCVD occurring prematurely and using a broader CVD classification. CONCLUSIONS Offspring with parental ASCVD had a higher blood pressure, higher body composition measures and higher non-HDL cholesterol levels compared to offspring with no parental ASCVD. Findings were overall consistent across different classifications of parental ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Rosthøj
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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Slyne AD, McDonald FB, O'Halloran KD. Stress-induced cardiovascular morbidity: Past, present and future. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1372-1373. [PMID: 37712761 PMCID: PMC10988458 DOI: 10.1113/ep091468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aoife D. Slyne
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & HealthUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Fiona B. McDonald
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & HealthUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Ken D. O'Halloran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & HealthUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
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Preface-this month's Asian perspectives. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:343-344. [PMID: 36740605 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Combination of genetic and environmental factors for childhood hypertension: a simple indicator of family history remains useful. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:1061-1063. [PMID: 36697874 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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