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Tanaka A, Node K. Associations of metabolic disorders with hypertension and cardiovascular disease: recent findings and therapeutic perspectives. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01737-0. [PMID: 38811824 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
We theoretically know that metabolic disorders, including overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and relevant tissue/organ damage, play a critical role in elevating blood pressure and developing hypertension. However, staying abreast of the ever-evolving and current research on the various metabolic disorder topics is difficult. At the same time, as hypertension in childhood and adolescence is attracting significant attention globally, it is becoming increasingly evident that metabolic disorders exert an important role in its pathogenesis. In order to effectively prevent hypertension, it is essential to appropriately approach metabolic disorders, and importantly, this approach must be practiced continuously throughout all generations. Thus, focusing on metabolic disorders is the first and essential step in effectively managing and preventing hypertension. In this Mini-Review, we introduce cutting-edge research findings on "Metabolism," published in 2023 by Hypertension Research, and discuss relevant topics and therapeutic and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Tanaka A, Shimabukuro M, Teragawa H, Yoshida H, Okada Y, Takamura T, Taguchi I, Toyoda S, Tomiyama H, Ueda S, Higashi Y, Node K. Blood pressure reduction with empagliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases: a post-hoc sub-analysis of the placebo-controlled randomized EMBLEM trial. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01725-4. [PMID: 38789538 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Detailed effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on blood pressure (BP) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not fully understood. In this post-hoc sub-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized EMBLEM trial for Japanese patients with T2D and CVD, 105 participants (empagliflozin N = 52, placebo N = 53) were included, and office systolic/diastolic BPs and mean arterial pressure (MAP) over 24 weeks were estimated using mixed-effects models for repeated measures. Empagliflozin therapy, compared to placebo, reduced systolic/diastolic BPs (mean group difference in change from baseline to week 24; -5.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), -10.4 to -1.4] mmHg/-2.9 [95% CI, -6.2 to 0.4] mmHg) and MAP ( - 3.8 [95% CI, -7.0 to -0.7] mmHg). The systolic BP reduction was almost consistent across differing background clinical characteristics and usage status of anti-hypertensive medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teragawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, JR Hiroshima Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisako Yoshida
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyusyu, Japan
| | - Toshinari Takamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Isao Taguchi
- The Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | | | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
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Toyoda S. Blood pressure lowering effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). Hypertens Res 2024; 47:803-804. [PMID: 38182906 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
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