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Kaynak Y, Gruenwald I. Long-term effects of combination treatment comprising low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy and tadalafil for patients with erectile dysfunction: a retrospective study. Int J Impot Res 2023:10.1038/s41443-023-00757-7. [PMID: 37644168 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-023-00757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
This study retrospectively examined the effects of low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy and tadalafil on erectile dysfunction patients. 116 patients got low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy twice weekly for 3 weeks, 5 mg of tadalafil daily for 3 weeks, and adjuvant therapy for 6 months. Group A (1 year), Group B (2 years), Group C (3 years), and Group D (4+ years) were treated patients' follow-up groups. The patients' International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) scores were gathered at the start of treatment via face-to-face interviews and at the end of follow-ups by telephone conversations. IIEF-5 scores and the minimal clinically significant differences were the main outcomes. Mean follow-up length, age, and IIEF-5 scores of the patients were 2 ± 1.16 years, 47.34 ± 12.65 years, and 12.09 ± 3.66 points, respectively. Compared to baseline, treatment increased the median IIEF-5 scores of patients in groups A, B, C, and D by 7 [3-12], 6 [0-8], 7 [1-9], and 6.5 [2.5-10] points, respectively (p = 0.001). 71%, 63%, 65.8%, and 65% of treated patients in groups A, B, C, and D met the minimal clinically significant differences criteria (n = 77). Mild disease patients were 9.14 times more likely to respond to treatment than severe illness patients (OR, 9.14; 95% CI, 1.28-65.46; P = 0.02). Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy and 5 mg of tadalafil can treat erectile dysfunction for up to 4 years with sustained outcomes. This treatment is optimal for mild illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurdaer Kaynak
- Urology Clinic of Private Umit Visnelik Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Ilan Gruenwald
- Neuro-Urology Unit, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
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Bocchino AC, Pezzoli M, Martínez-Salamanca JI, Russo GI, Lo Giudice A, Cocci A. Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction: Myths and realities. Investig Clin Urol 2023; 64:118-125. [PMID: 36882170 PMCID: PMC9995960 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To review the evidence of clinical efficacy of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). A search on PubMed using Medical Subject Headings terms [((low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy) OR (Li-ESWT)) AND (erectile dysfunction)] was conducted in August 2022, to obtain studies on the use of Li-ESWT for the treatment of ED. Its success rate in terms of International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score and Erection Hardness Score (EHS) improvement was recorded and analysed. A total of 139 articles were reviewed. Overall, 52 studies were included in the final review. 17 studies were on vasculogenic ED, 5 on post pelvic surgery ED, 4 specifically on ED in diabetic patients, 24 on non-specified origin ED and 2 on mixed pathophysiological origin ED. The mean age of patients was 55.87±7.91 (standard deviation) years and the duration of ED was 4.36±2.08 years. The mean IIEF-5 score went from 12.04±2.67 at baseline to 16.12±5.72, 16.30±3.26 and 16.85±1.63 respectively at 3, 6 and 12 months. The mean EHS went from 2.00±0.46 at baseline to 2.58±0.60, 2.75±0.46 and 2.87±0.16 respectively at 3, 6 and 12 months. Li-ESWT may be a safe and efficacy option for the treatment and cure of ED. Further studies are needed to assess which patients are more suitable for this procedure and which Li-ESWT protocol can lead to the best outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Pezzoli
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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Alonso-Isa M, García-Gómez B, González-Ginel I, García-Rayo-Encina C, Del Prado Caro-González M, Medina-Polo J, García-Rojo E, Romero-Otero J. Conservative Non-surgical Options for Erectile Dysfunction. Curr Urol Rep 2023; 24:75-104. [PMID: 36445614 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-022-01137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study aimed to review recent evidence on conservative non-surgical options for erectile dysfunction (ED) in men. A narrative review of the literature was performed. A comprehensive search in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases was done. Papers in English language, published from May 2017 until May 2022, were included. Papers reporting basic research or animal research were excluded, as long as reviews or meta-analyses. Congress reports, clinical cases, or clinical trials protocols with no results were also excluded. RECENT FINDINGS We found a multitude of different treatment modalities for ED. We must take into account the type of patient, their comorbidities, the origin of their ED, and its severity in order to reproduce effective results using these therapies. Some of the treatments show good results with a good level of evidence (new IPDE5 formulations, intracavernous injections, shock wave therapy, hormonal theraphy, psycho-sexual theraphy). However, others (some new molecules, stem cell theraphy, platelet-rich plasma injections, oxygenation-based therapy, nutraceuticals), although some of them present promising results, require randomized studies with a larger number of patients and a longer follow-up time to be able to establish firm recommendations. Regarding the conservative treatment of erectile dysfunction, in recent years, some therapies have been consolidated as effective and safe for certain types of patients. On the other hand, other treatment modalities, although promising, still lack the evidence and the necessary follow-up to be recommended in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alonso-Isa
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Urology, HM Hospitales (Montepríncipe, Puerta del Sur, Sanchinarro), Madrid, Spain
- ROC Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja García-Gómez
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Urology, HM Hospitales (Montepríncipe, Puerta del Sur, Sanchinarro), Madrid, Spain
- ROC Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio González-Ginel
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara García-Rayo-Encina
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Prado Caro-González
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Medina-Polo
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Urology, HM Hospitales (Montepríncipe, Puerta del Sur, Sanchinarro), Madrid, Spain
- ROC Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García-Rojo
- Department of Urology, HM Hospitales (Montepríncipe, Puerta del Sur, Sanchinarro), Madrid, Spain
- ROC Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Romero-Otero
- Department of Urology, HM Hospitales (Montepríncipe, Puerta del Sur, Sanchinarro), Madrid, Spain.
- ROC Clinic, Madrid, Spain.
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Chen PY, Cheng JH, Wu ZS, Chuang YC. New Frontiers of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Medicine in Urology from Bench to Clinical Studies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:675. [PMID: 35327477 PMCID: PMC8945448 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A shock wave (SW), which carries energy and propagates through a medium, is a type of continuous transmitted sonic wave that can achieve rapid energy transformations. SWs have been applied for many fields of medical science in various treatment settings. In urology, high-energy extracorporeal SWs have been used to disintegrate urolithiasis for 30 years. However, at lower energy levels, SWs enhance the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), chemoattractant factors, and the recruitment of progenitor cells, and inhibit inflammatory molecules. Low energy extracorporeal shock wave (LESW) therapy has been used in urology for treating chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), overactive bladder, stress urinary incontinence, and erectile dysfunction through the mechanisms of anti-inflammation, neovascularization, and tissue regeneration. Additionally, LESW have been proven to temporarily increase tissue permeability and facilitate intravesical botulinum toxin delivery for treating overactive bladders in animal studies and in a human clinical trial. LESW assisted drug delivery was also suggested to have a synergistic effect in combination with cisplatin to improve the anti-cancer effect for treating urothelial cancer in an in vitro and in vivo study. LESW assisted drug delivery in uro-oncology is an interesting suggestion, but no comprehensive clinical trials have been conducted as of yet. Taken together, LESW is a promising method for the treatment of various diseases in urology. However, further investigation with a large scale of clinical studies is necessary to confirm the real role of LESW in clinical use. This article provides information on the basics of SW physics, mechanisms of action on biological systems, and new frontiers of SW medicine in urology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Chen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-S.W.)
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Human Sexuality, Shu-Te University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Hong Cheng
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Division of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Sheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-S.W.)
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-S.W.)
- Center for Shock Wave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
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Gallo L, Pecoraro S, Sarnacchiaro P. Adjuvant daily therapy with L-arginine 2,500 mg and tadalafil 5 mg increases efficacy and duration of benefits of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for erectile dysfunction: A prospective, randomized, single-blinded study with 1-year follow-up. Investig Clin Urol 2022; 63:83-91. [PMID: 34983126 PMCID: PMC8756145 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20210317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate a therapeutic protocol for erectile dysfunction (ED) based on the combination of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT), tadalafil, and L-arginine. Materials and Methods Recruited patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function erectile function domain (IIEF-EF) and the Erection Hardness Score (EHS) questionnaires at baseline and were randomly assigned in two groups: A (treatment group) and B (control group). Men in both groups received six weekly applications of Li-ESWT. Group A was prescribed adjuvant oral therapy with tadalafil 5 mg and L-arginine 2,500 mg. Follow-up visits were scheduled 1, 6, and 12 months after the last Li-ESWT application. At each follow-up visit, the IIEF-EF and EHS questionnaires were administered again. The main outcome measures were the changes from baseline to every follow-up visit in IIEF-EF and EHS scores. Results The mean IIEF-EF score in group A was 16.0±4.0, 24.8±3.4, 23.3±4.6, and 21.6±5.5 at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months of follow-up, respectively, whereas in group B the mean IIEF-EF score was 16.5±4.1, 22.7±4.2, 21.5±4.5, and 19.5±4.9, respectively. We reported an increase in the mean EHS score in group A from 2.07±0.72 at baseline to 3.39±0.59, 3.17±0.67, and 2.98±0.72 at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively, and in group B from 2.12±0.80 at baseline to 3.07±0.78 and 2.95±0.76 at 1 and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions Adjuvant daily therapy with L-arginine 2,500 mg and tadalafil 5 mg was safe and effective in increasing the efficacy and the duration of benefits of Li-ESWT.
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Mykoniatis I, Pyrgidis N, Zilotis F, Kapoteli P, Fournaraki A, Kalyvianakis D, Hatzichristou D. The Effect of Combination Treatment with Low-Intensity Shockwave Therapy and Tadalafil on Mild and Mild-To-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Sex Med 2022; 19:106-115. [PMID: 34866029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination of different first-line treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. AIM To conduct the first double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) and tadalafil vs LiST and placebo in patients with mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED. METHODS Fifty sexually active patients fulfilling the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to 6 sessions of LiST twice weekly for 3 weeks and tadalafil (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25) once daily for 4 weeks. Patients were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months after completion of the treatment protocol. OUTCOMES The primary outcome was the mean change from baseline in the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain between the 2 groups at 3 months after treatment. Erectile function was also assessed at 1 and 6 months. The number of patients attaining a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the IIEF-EF, as well as the safety of combination therapy were evaluated. RESULTS Adjusting for the baseline values, IIEF-EF improved by 0.8 points more (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.2 to 1.9, P = .12) at 1 month, 1 point more (95% CI = 0.1-1.9, P = .02) at 3 months and 1.7 points more (95% CI = 0.8-2.7, P < .001) at 6 months in patients treated with combination therapy compared to monotherapy. The number of patients attaining a MCID in the IIEF-EF between the 2 groups improved significantly only at the 3-month evaluation. No adverse events were reported during the whole study period. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Combination of LiST twice weekly for 3 weeks and tadalafil 5 mg once daily for 4 weeks may further ameliorate mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED compared to LiST monotherapy. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS We conducted the first randomized trial exploring the role of LiST and tadalafil in the management of ED. Conversely, our study lacks external validity due to its single-center design. CONCLUSION The addition of daily low-dose tadalafil during application of LiST may further improve erectile function compared to application of LiST as a standalone treatment in patients with mild or mild-to-moderate vasculogenic ED. Still, further high-quality studies are warranted to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mykoniatis
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pyrgidis
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Filimon Zilotis
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskeui Kapoteli
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Agrippina Fournaraki
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kalyvianakis
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Hatzichristou
- First Department of Urology, G. Gennimatas Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for the Study of Urological Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Lue T, Wang B, Reed-Maldonado A, Ly K, Lin G. Potential applications of low-intensity extracorporeal shock-wave therapy in urological diseases via activation of tissue resident stem cells. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_56_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Cai T, Cocci A, Di Maida F, Chiodini S, Ciarleglio F, Luciani LG, Pedrotti G, Palmieri A, Malossini G, Rizzo M, Liguori G, Bjerklund Johansen TE. Visceral adiposity is associated with worse urinary and sexual function recovery after radical prostatectomy: Results from a longitudinal cohort study. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2021; 93:285-290. [PMID: 34839633 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2021.3.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A prospective longitudinal cohort study on the impact of anthropometric measures on the sexual function and continence recovery in patients treated with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS Anthropometric measures, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and International Prostatic Symptoms Score questionnaires, were collected before surgery and at the end of follow-up period. All patients were assigned into the following groups: A) non-obese; B) non-obese with central adiposity; C) obese without central adiposity; D) obese with central adiposity. Urinary and sexual functions were the outcome measures. RESULTS At the end of follow-up, in 29 patients with visceral adiposity (VA) the median IIEF-5 was 14 (IQR 7-18) while in 49 non-VA patients (62.8%) was 22 (IQR 17-24) (p < 0.001). Twenty-three patients (79.3%) with VA reported complete continence, while 6 (20.7%) used ≥ 2 pads per day. Forty-eight patients (97.9%) without VA reported complete continence. VA was confirmed as a strong independent predictor for worse continence (HR 3.67; 2.75-4.51 CI95% p = 0.003) and sexual function recovery (HR: 4.51; 3.09-5.63 CI95% p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We truly believe obese with visceral adiposity patients with prostate cancer should receive detailed preoperative counseling before surgery, including higher risk of suboptimal functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo.
| | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Florence.
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni Pedrotti
- Department of Anesthesiology, Santa Maria del Carmine Hospital, Rovereto.
| | | | | | - Michele Rizzo
- Department of Urology, University of Trieste, Trieste.
| | | | - Truls E Bjerklund Johansen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus.
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Mirone V, Napolitano L, D'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Mitidieri E, Sorrentino R, Vanelli A, Vanacore D, Turnaturi C, La Rocca R, Celentano G, Arcaniolo D, Cirino G. A new original nutraceutical formulation ameliorates the effect of Tadalafil on clinical score and cGMP accumulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 93:221-226. [PMID: 34286560 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2021.2.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of the combination of Tadalafil 5 mg and nutritional supplements composed by Panax ginseng, Moringa Oleifera and Rutin on erectile function in men with mild and moderate vasculogenic ED. METHODS we prospectively enrolled 86 patients divided into two groups A (45), B (33) in this multicenter randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial . Drop out was 8 patients (3 patients in group A and 5 in Group B). At screening visit patients underwent clinical examination, blood test (hormonal and metabolic profile) and filled out the IIEF-5 questionnaire and the SEP-2, SEP-3. Patients were randomized by a computergenerated list to receive either Tadalafil 5 mg once daily plus nutritional supplement once daily (group A) or Tadalafil 5 mg plus placebo with the same administration schedule (group B) for 3 months. Blood samples, IIEF-5, SEP-2 and SEP-3 have been collected again after 3 months. cGMP was measured in platelets of 38 patients at baseline and after one months. RESULTS Mean age was 59.98 ± 6.90 (range 38-69), mean IIEF-5 score at baseline was 13.59 ± 3.90. After three months of treatment, IIEF-5 score significantly improved in both groups compared to baseline (13.18 ± 3.75 vs 20.48 ± 2.24, p < 0.0001; 14.15 ± 4.09 vs 19.06 ± 4.36, p < 0.0001, in group A and group B respectively). Patients treated with Tadalafil plus nutritional supplement showed a significantly higher increase in IIEF-5 score compared to those who received placebo (7.27 ± 2.20 and 4.9 ± 2.79, respectively; p < 0.0001;). No hormonal differences and metabolic effects were found. According cGMP result, nutritional supplements ameliorates and extends the activity of the chronic treatment. CONCLUSIONS IIEF-5 significant increase in group B, can be ascribed to the nutritional supplement properties and antioxidant effects of moringa oleifera, ginseng and rutin and this can enhance the endothelial NO and cGMP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
| | | | - Emma Mitidieri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples.
| | - Raffaella Sorrentino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples.
| | | | - Domenico Vanacore
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples.
| | - Carlotta Turnaturi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples.
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
| | - Giuseppe Celentano
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples.
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman Child and of General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples.
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples.
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de Oliveira PS, Ziegelmann MJ. Low-intensity shock wave therapy for the treatment of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction: a narrative review of technical considerations and treatment outcomes. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2617-2628. [PMID: 34295748 PMCID: PMC8261418 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) impacts a significant portion of the aging male population. Standard treatments such as oral medications, intracavernosal injections, intraurethral suppositories, vacuum erection aids, and penile prosthesis placement have stood the test of time. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the concept of regenerative medicine with the goal of restoring or renewing functional tissue. Low intensity shock wave therapy (LiSWT) is one example of a regenerative therapy. A strong body of basic science data suggests that shockwaves, when applied to local tissue, will encourage blood vessel and nerve regeneration. Clinical evidence supports the use of LiSWT to treat conditions ranging from ischemic heart disease, musculoskeletal injuries, and even chronic non-healing wounds. LiSWT is also being used to treat male sexual dysfunction conditions such as Peyronie's Disease and ED. The first studied application of LiSWT for ED was published in 2010. Since then multiple randomized, sham-controlled trials have sought to evaluate outcomes for this novel therapy in men with vasculogenic ED. Additionally, several meta-analyses are available with pooled data suggesting that LiSWT results in a significantly greater improvement in erectile function relative to sham-control. Despite these promising findings, the current body of literature is marred by significant heterogeneity relating to treatment protocols, patient populations, and follow-up duration. Further work is necessary to determine optimal device technologies, patient characteristics, and treatment duration prior to considering LiSWT as standard of care for men with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Simoes de Oliveira
- Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) for priapism-induced erectile dysfunction in young patients: the first case series. Int J Impot Res 2021; 34:277-279. [PMID: 33820979 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-021-00429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sullivan JF, Campbell KJ, Lipshultz LI. Combination Therapies for Erectile Dysfunction-A Synergy of Modalities Holds the Key. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2037292. [PMID: 33599768 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John F Sullivan
- Division of Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, the Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kevin J Campbell
- Division of Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, the Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Larry I Lipshultz
- Division of Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, the Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Mykoniatis I, Pyrgidis N, Sokolakis I, Ouranidis A, Sountoulides P, Haidich AB, van Renterghem K, Hatzichristodoulou G, Hatzichristou D. Assessment of Combination Therapies vs Monotherapy for Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2036337. [PMID: 33599772 PMCID: PMC7893498 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Combining 2 first-line treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) or initiating other modalities in addition to a first-line therapy may produce beneficial outcomes. OBJECTIVE To assess whether different ED combination therapies were associated with improved outcomes compared with first-line ED monotherapy in various subgroups of patients with ED. DATA SOURCES Studies were identified through a systematic search in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception of these databases to October 10, 2020. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials or prospective interventional studies of the outcomes of combination therapy vs recommended monotherapy in men with ED were identified. Only comparative human studies, which evaluated the change from baseline of self-reported erectile function using validated questionnaires, that were published in any language were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction and synthesis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES A meta-analysis was conducted that included randomized clinical trials that compared outcomes of combination therapy with phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors plus another agent vs PDE5 inhibitor monotherapy. Separate analyses were performed for the mean International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score change from baseline and the number of adverse events (AEs) by different treatment modalities and subgroups of patients. RESULTS A total of 44 studies included 3853 men with a mean (SD) age of 55.8 (11.9) years. Combination therapy compared with monotherapy was associated with a mean IIEF score improvement of 1.76 points (95% CI, 1.27-2.24; I2 = 77%; 95% PI, -0.56 to 4.08). Adding daily tadalafil, low-intensity shockwave therapy, vacuum erectile device, folic acid, metformin hydrochloride, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors was associated with a significant IIEF score improvement, but each measure was based on only 1 study. Specifically, the weighted mean difference (WMD) in IIEF score was 1.70 (95% CI, 0.79-2.61) for the addition of daily tadalafil, 3.50 (95% CI, 0.22-6.78) for the addition of low-intensity shockwave therapy, 8.40 (95% CI, 4.90-11.90) for the addition of a vacuum erectile device, 3.46 (95% CI, 2.16-4.76) for the addition of folic acid, 4.90 (95% CI, 2.82-6.98) for the addition of metformin hydrochloride and 2.07 (95% CI, 1.37-2.77) for the addition of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. The addition of α-blockers to PDE5 inhibitors was not associated with improvement in IIEF score (WMD, 0.80; 95% CI, -0.06 to 1.65; I2 = 72%). Compared with monotherapy, combination therapy was associated with improved IIEF score in patients with hypogonadism (WMD, 1.61; 95% CI, 0.99-2.23; I2 = 0%), monotherapy-resistant ED (WMD, 4.38; 95% CI, 2.37-6.40; I2 = 52%), or prostatectomy-induced ED (WMD, 5.47; 95% CI, 3.11-7.83; I2 = 53%). The treatment-related AEs did not differ between combination therapy and monotherapy (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.66-1.85; I2 = 78%). Despite multiple subgroup and sensitivity analyses, the levels of heterogeneity remained high. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that combination therapy of PDE5 inhibitors and antioxidants was associated with improved ED without increasing the AEs. Treatment with PDE5 inhibitors and daily tadalafil, shockwaves, or a vacuum device was associated with additional improvement, but this result was based on limited data. These findings suggest that combination therapy is safe, associated with improved outcomes, and should be considered as a first-line therapy for refractory, complex, or difficult-to-treat cases of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mykoniatis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pyrgidis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Urology, Martha-Maria Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Sokolakis
- Department of Urology, Martha-Maria Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Ouranidis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Sountoulides
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna-Bettina Haidich
- Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School, University Campus, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Koenraad van Renterghem
- Department of Urology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dimitrios Hatzichristou
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy among urologist practitioners: how the opinion of urologists changed between 2016 and 2019. Int J Impot Res 2020; 34:317-319. [PMID: 33328618 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-020-00394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bakr AM, El-Sakka AA, El-Sakka AI. Considerations for prescribing pharmacotherapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 22:821-834. [PMID: 33275043 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1851365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The effectiveness of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) in treating erectile dysfunction (ED) creates a new field of both medical practice and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Both paved the way for emerging minimally invasive therapies to restore male sexual function. However, what is the best drug to achieve the optimum outcome is still a challenging question to be answered.Areas covered: The general viewpoint of matching the pharmacotherapeutic characteristics with the patient's medical, social, and psychological variables, in order to balance between efficacy and safety. Several studies had investigated considerations for preference and long-term adherence for PDE5i. However, a thorough investigation of considerations for prescribing ED pharmacotherapy is still lacking in the literature. This is the aim of this manuscript.Expert opinion: Several issues should be considered in the planning of ED management such as the patient's and partner's expectations, etiologic considerations, performance status, safety, adverse effects, ease of administration, compliance, bad experiences with previous treatment, availability, cost, social factors, satisfaction, and finally, regimen considerations. Addressing the patient's and partner's individual needs help to tailoring treatment in order to minimize compromises and optimize gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Bakr
- Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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