1
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Teeter JD, Sarker M, Lu W, Tao C, Baddorf AP, Huang J, Hong K, Bernholc J, Sinitskii A, Li AP. Deposition temperature-mediated growth of helically shaped polymers and chevron-type graphene nanoribbons from a fluorinated precursor. Commun Chem 2024; 7:193. [PMID: 39217236 PMCID: PMC11366011 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) of precise size and shape, critical for controlling electronic properties and future device applications, can be realized via precision synthesis on surfaces using rationally designed molecular precursors. Fluorine-bearing precursors have the potential to form GNRs on nonmetallic substrates suitable for device fabrication. Here, we investigate the deposition temperature-mediated growth of a new fluorine-bearing precursor, 6,11-diiodo-1,4-bis(2-fluorophenyl)-2,3-diphenyltriphenylene (C42H24F2I2), into helically shaped polymer intermediates and chevron-type GNRs on Au(111) by combining scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory simulations. The fluorinated precursors do not adsorb on the Au(111) surface at lower temperatures, necessitating an optimum substrate temperature to achieve maximum polymer and GNR lengths. We compare the adsorption behavior with that of pristine chevron precursors and discuss the effects of C-H and C-F bonds. The results elucidate the growth mechanism of GNRs with fluorine-bearing precursors and establish a foundation for future synthesis of GNRs on nonmetallic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Teeter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Mamun Sarker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Wenchang Lu
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Chenggang Tao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Arthur P Baddorf
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Jingsong Huang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Jerry Bernholc
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - An-Ping Li
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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2
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Cai Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Li Y. FeN 4-Embedded Graphene as a Highly Sensitive and Selective Single-Atom Sensor for Reaction Intermediates of Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32167-32174. [PMID: 39072066 PMCID: PMC11270574 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exploring effective ways to detect intermediates during the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) process is pivotal for understanding reaction pathways and underlying mechanisms. Recently, two-dimensional FeN4-embedded graphene has received increasing attention as a promising catalyst for CO2RR. Here, by means of density functional theory computations combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method, we proposed a detection device to evaluate the performance of FeN4-embedded graphene in intermediates detection during the CO2RR process. Our results reveal that the four key intermediates, including *COOH, *OCHO, *CHO, and *COH, can be chemisorbed on FeN4-embedded graphene with high adsorption energies and appropriate charge transfer. The computed current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and transmission spectra suggest that the adsorption of these intermediates induces significant type-dependent changes in currents and transmission coefficients of FeN4-embedded graphene. Remarkably, the FeN4-embedded graphene is more sensitive to *COOH and *COH than to *OCHO and *CHO within the entire bias window. Consequently, our theoretical study indicates that the FeN4-embedded graphene can effectively detect the key intermediates during the CO2RR process, providing a practical scheme for identifying catalytic reaction pathways and elucidating underlying reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power
Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional
Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power
Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional
Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power
Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional
Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power
Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional
Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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3
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Lakhera S, Devlal K, Rana M, Dhuliya V. Influence of the substitution of different functional groups on the gas sensing and light harvesting efficiency of zero-dimensional coronene quantum dot: A first principle DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123737. [PMID: 38064960 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The present study accounts for the structural and electronic properties of a zero-dimensional coronene quantum dot (QD) and its substituted structures with seven different functional groups. The substitution of functional groups lead to the alteration of the centrosymmetric geometry of the coronene flake and thus, incredible properties were observed for the functionalized QDs. The increment in the band gap after the substitution of the functional groups was responsible for the increase in the chemical stability. The cohesive energy however decreased for the functional QDs. Fourier transform Infrared spectra were traced for all the QDs to confirm the availability of the functional groups and their participation in the chemical reactivity. After the substitution of functional groups, the extremely enhanced light harvesting efficiency of functionalized QDs was obtained. Furthermore, the sensing capability of the functionalized QDs for CO, CO2, and NH3 was also calculated and it was found that C-cyano, C-nitro, C-nitroso, C-pyrrolidine, and C-thionyl QDs have better sensing capabilities for CO2 molecules. C-pyrrolidine had the highest value of light harvesting efficiency of about 96%. This reflects the potential photosensitive candidature of C-pyrrolidine. Therefore, the present study sets a perfect benchmark for designing and fabricating efficient photosensitive materials and gas-sensing devices using the introduced QDs in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Lakhera
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Uttarakhand Open University, Haldwani 263139, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kamal Devlal
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Uttarakhand Open University, Haldwani 263139, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Meenakshi Rana
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Uttarakhand Open University, Haldwani 263139, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Vivek Dhuliya
- Department of Physics, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India
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4
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Sung SH, Suh JM, Hwang YJ, Jang HW, Park JG, Jun SC. Data-centric artificial olfactory system based on the eigengraph. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1211. [PMID: 38332010 PMCID: PMC10853498 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of electronic nose system tend to waste significant amount of important data in odor identification. Until now, the sensitivity-oriented data composition has made it difficult to discover meaningful data to apply artificial intelligence in terms of in-depth analysis for odor attributes specifying the identities of gas molecules, ultimately resulting in hindering the advancement of the artificial olfactory technology. Here, we realize a data-centric approach to implement standardized artificial olfactory systems inspired by human olfactory mechanisms by formally defining and utilizing the concept of Eigengraph in electrochemisty. The implicit odor attributes of the eigengraphs were mathematically substantialized as the Fourier transform-based Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient feature vectors. Their effectiveness and applicability in deep learning processes for gas classification have been clearly demonstrated through experiments on complex mixed gases and automobile exhaust gases. We suggest that our findings can be widely applied as source technologies to develop standardized artificial olfactory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Sung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Finance Division, Daejeon Metropolitan Office of Education, Daejeon, 35239, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Min Suh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yun Ji Hwang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeon Gue Park
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Tutorus Labs Inc., Seoul, 06595, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Educational Research, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Chan Jun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Li G, Wang H, Loes M, Saxena A, Yin J, Sarker M, Choi S, Aluru N, Lyding JW, Sinitskii A, Dong G. Hybrid Edge Results in Narrowed Band Gap: Bottom-up Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Bent N = 6/8 Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4297-4307. [PMID: 38253346 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Scalable fabrication of graphene nanoribbons with narrow band gaps has been a nontrivial challenge. Here, we have developed a simple approach to access narrow band gaps using hybrid edge structures. Bottom-up liquid-phase synthesis of bent N = 6/8 armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) has been achieved in high efficiency through copolymerization between an o-terphenyl monomer and a naphthalene-based monomer, followed by Scholl oxidation. An unexpected 1,2-aryl migration has been discovered, which is responsible for introducing kinked structures into the GNR backbones. The N = 6/8 AGNRs have been fully characterized to support the proposed structure and show a narrow band gap and a relatively high electrical conductivity. In addition, their application in efficient gas sensing has also been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Hanfei Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael Loes
- Department of Chemistry, Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Anshul Saxena
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jiangliang Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Mamun Sarker
- Department of Chemistry, Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Shinyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Narayana Aluru
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joseph W Lyding
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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6
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Koo Y, Moon T, Kang M, Joo H, Lee C, Lee H, Kravtsov V, Park KD. Dynamical control of nanoscale light-matter interactions in low-dimensional quantum materials. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:30. [PMID: 38272869 PMCID: PMC10810844 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced nano-spectroscopy and -imaging have significantly advanced our understanding of low-dimensional quantum materials and their interactions with light, providing a rich insight into the underlying physics at their natural length scale. Recently, various functionalities of the plasmonic tip expand the capabilities of the nanoscopy, enabling dynamic manipulation of light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. In this review, we focus on a new paradigm of the nanoscopy, shifting from the conventional role of imaging and spectroscopy to the dynamical control approach of the tip-induced light-matter interactions. We present three different approaches of tip-induced control of light-matter interactions, such as cavity-gap control, pressure control, and near-field polarization control. Specifically, we discuss the nanoscale modifications of radiative emissions for various emitters from weak to strong coupling regime, achieved by the precise engineering of the cavity-gap. Furthermore, we introduce recent works on light-matter interactions controlled by tip-pressure and near-field polarization, especially tunability of the bandgap, crystal structure, photoluminescence quantum yield, exciton density, and energy transfer in a wide range of quantum materials. We envision that this comprehensive review not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the physics of nanoscale light-matter interactions but also offers a valuable resource to nanophotonics, plasmonics, and materials science for future technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonjeong Koo
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Moon
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingu Kang
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Huitae Joo
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongwoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Vasily Kravtsov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Kyoung-Duck Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Katiyar AK, Hoang AT, Xu D, Hong J, Kim BJ, Ji S, Ahn JH. 2D Materials in Flexible Electronics: Recent Advances and Future Prospectives. Chem Rev 2024; 124:318-419. [PMID: 38055207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronics have recently gained considerable attention due to their potential to provide new and innovative solutions to a wide range of challenges in various electronic fields. These electronics require specific material properties and performance because they need to be integrated into a variety of surfaces or folded and rolled for newly formatted electronics. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising candidates for flexible electronics due to their unique mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, as well as their compatibility with other materials, enabling the creation of various flexible electronic devices. This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress made in developing flexible electronic devices using 2D materials. In addition, it highlights the key aspects of materials, scalable material production, and device fabrication processes for flexible applications, along with important examples of demonstrations that achieved breakthroughs in various flexible and wearable electronic applications. Finally, we discuss the opportunities, current challenges, potential solutions, and future investigative directions about this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Kumar Katiyar
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Duo Xu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeong Hong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Ji
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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8
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Wang M, Zheng X, Ye X, Liu W, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Zhai R, Ning Y, Li H, Song A. High-Performance Photodetectors Based on Semiconducting Graphene Nanoribbons. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:165-171. [PMID: 38010996 PMCID: PMC10786164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The inherent zero-band gap nature of graphene and its fast photocarrier recombination rate result in poor optical gain and responsivity when graphene is used as the light absorption medium in photodetectors. Here, semiconducting graphene nanoribbons with a direct bandgap of 1.8 eV are synthesized and employed to construct a vertical heterojunction photodetector. At a bias voltage of -5 V, the photodetector exhibits a responsivity of 1052 A/W, outperforming previous graphene-based heterojunction photodetectors by several orders of magnitude. The achieved detectivity of 3.13 × 1013 Jones and response time of 310 μs are also among the best values for graphene-based heterojunction photodetectors reported until date. Furthermore, even under zero bias, the photodetector demonstrates a high responsivity and detectivity of 1.04 A/W and 2.45 × 1012 Jones, respectively. The work shows a great potential of graphene nanoribbon-based photodetection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Wang
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Xiaoling Ye
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Wencheng Liu
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Baoqing Zhang
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Rongli Zhai
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Yafei Ning
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Hu Li
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
- Shenzhen
Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Aimin Song
- Shandong
Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250101, China
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, U.K.
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9
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Huang PC, Sun H, Sarker M, Caroff CM, Girolami GS, Sinitskii A, Lyding JW. Sub-5 nm Contacts and Induced p-n Junction Formation in Individual Atomically Precise Graphene Nanoribbons. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17771-17778. [PMID: 37581379 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates the fabrication of nanometer-scale metal contacts on individual graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and the use of these contacts to control the electronic character of the GNRs. We demonstrate the use of a low-voltage direct-write STM-based process to pattern sub-5 nm metallic hafnium diboride (HfB2) contacts directly on top of single GNRs in an ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscope (UHV-STM), with all the fabrication performed on a technologically relevant semiconductor silicon substrate. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) data not only verify the expected metallic and semiconducting character of the contacts and GNR, respectively, but also show induced band bending and p-n junction formation in the GNR due to the metal-GNR work function difference. Contact engineering with different work function metals obviates the need to create GNRs with different characteristics by complex chemical doping. This is a demonstration of the successful fabrication of precise metal contacts and local p-n junction formation on single GNRs.
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10
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Abdelsalam H, Abd-Elkader OH, Sakr MAS, Saroka VA, Zhang Q. Nanoporous Triangulene-Based Frameworks for the Separation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons: Electronic, Magnetic, Optical, and Adsorption Properties. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:15128-15137. [DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c02689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abdelsalam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
- Theoretical Physics Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth Strasse, Giza 12622, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Omar H. Abd-Elkader
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. S. Sakr
- Center of Basic Science, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th October City, Giza, Governorate 3236101, Egypt
| | - Vasil A. Saroka
- Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome 00133, Italy
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk 220030, Belarus
- TBpack Ltd., 27 Old Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3AX, U.K
| | - Qinfang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
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11
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Abdelsalam H, Sakr MA, Saroka VA, Abd-Elkader OH, Zhang Q. Nanoporous graphene quantum dots constructed from nanoribbon superlattices with controllable pore morphology and size for wastewater treatment. SURFACES AND INTERFACES 2023; 40:103109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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12
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Kim T, Lee TH, Park SY, Eom TH, Cho I, Kim Y, Kim C, Lee SA, Choi MJ, Suh JM, Hwang IS, Lee D, Park I, Jang HW. Drastic Gas Sensing Selectivity in 2-Dimensional MoS 2 Nanoflakes by Noble Metal Decoration. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4404-4413. [PMID: 36825770 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticle decoration is a representative strategy to enhance selectivity for fabricating chemical sensor arrays based on the 2-dimensional (2D) semiconductor material, represented by molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). However, the mechanism of selectivity tuning by noble metal decoration on 2D materials has not been fully elucidated. Here, we successfully decorated noble metal nanoparticles on MoS2 flakes by the solution process without using reducing agents. The MoS2 flakes showed drastic selectivity changes after surface decoration and distinguished ammonia, hydrogen, and ethanol gases clearly, which were not observed in general 3D metal oxide nanostructures. The role of noble metal nanoparticle decoration on the selectivity change is investigated by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. While the H2 sensitivity shows a similar tendency with the calculated binding energy, that of NH3 is strongly related to the binding site deactivation due to preferred noble metal particle decoration at the MoS2 edge. This finding is a specific phenomenon which originates from the distinguished structure of the 2D material, with highly active edge sites. We believe that our study will provide the fundamental comprehension for the strategy to devise the highly efficient sensor array based on 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Eom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhoo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol A Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Min Suh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Donghwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
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13
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P H, Rangarajan M, Pandya HJ. Breath VOC analysis and machine learning approaches for disease screening: a review. J Breath Res 2023; 17. [PMID: 36634360 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acb283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Early disease detection is often correlated with a reduction in mortality rate and improved prognosis. Currently, techniques like biopsy and imaging that are used to screen chronic diseases are invasive, costly or inaccessible to a large population. Thus, a non-invasive disease screening technology is the need of the hour. Existing non-invasive methods like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry, and proton transfer reaction-mass-spectrometry are expensive. These techniques necessitate experienced operators, making them unsuitable for a large population. Various non-invasive sources are available for disease detection, of which exhaled breath is preferred as it contains different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that reflect the biochemical reactions in the human body. Disease screening by exhaled breath VOC analysis can revolutionize the healthcare industry. This review focuses on exhaled breath VOC biomarkers for screening various diseases with a particular emphasis on liver diseases and head and neck cancer as examples of diseases related to metabolic disorders and diseases unrelated to metabolic disorders, respectively. Single sensor and sensor array-based (Electronic Nose) approaches for exhaled breath VOC detection are briefly described, along with the machine learning techniques used for pattern recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haripriya P
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Madhavan Rangarajan
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Hardik J Pandya
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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14
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Sysoev VV, Lashkov AV, Lipatov A, Plugin IA, Bruns M, Fuchs D, Varezhnikov AS, Adib M, Sommer M, Sinitskii A. UV-Light-Tunable p-/n-Type Chemiresistive Gas Sensors Based on Quasi-1D TiS 3 Nanoribbons: Detection of Isopropanol at ppm Concentrations. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9815. [PMID: 36560185 PMCID: PMC9783684 DOI: 10.3390/s22249815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand of society for gas sensors for energy-efficient environmental sensing stimulates studies of new electronic materials. Here, we investigated quasi-one-dimensional titanium trisulfide (TiS3) crystals for possible applications in chemiresistors and on-chip multisensor arrays. TiS3 nanoribbons were placed as a mat over a multielectrode chip to form an array of chemiresistive gas sensors. These sensors were exposed to isopropanol as a model analyte, which was mixed with air at low concentrations of 1-100 ppm that are below the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit. The tests were performed at room temperature (RT), as well as with heating up to 110 °C, and under an ultraviolet (UV) radiation at λ = 345 nm. We found that the RT/UV conditions result in a n-type chemiresistive response to isopropanol, which seems to be governed by its redox reactions with chemisorbed oxygen species. In contrast, the RT conditions without a UV exposure produced a p-type response that is possibly caused by the enhancement of the electron transport scattering due to the analyte adsorption. By analyzing the vector signal from the entire on-chip multisensor array, we could distinguish isopropanol from benzene, both of which produced similar responses on individual sensors. We found that the heating up to 110 °C reduces both the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Sysoev
- Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Lashkov
- Center for Probe Microscopy and Nanotechnology, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 124498 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Lipatov
- Department of Chemistry, Biology & Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. Saint Joseph St., Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Ilya A. Plugin
- Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia
| | - Michael Bruns
- Institute for Applied Materials and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dirk Fuchs
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alexey S. Varezhnikov
- Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 410054 Saratov, Russia
| | - Mustahsin Adib
- Institute for Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Sommer
- Institute for Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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15
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Duan T, Li H, Papadakis R, Leifer K. Towards ballistic transport CVD graphene by controlled removal of polymer residues. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:495704. [PMID: 36041409 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac8d9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-assisted wet transfer of chemical vapor deposited (CVD) graphene has achieved great success towards the true potential for large-scale electronic applications, while the lack of an efficient polymer removal method has been regarded as a crucial factor for realizing high carrier mobility in graphene devices. Hereby, we report an efficient and facile method to clean polymer residues on graphene surface by merely employing solvent mixture of isopropanol (IPA) and water (H2O). Raman spectroscopy shows an intact crystal structure of graphene after treatment, and the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates a significant decrease in the C-O and C=O bond signals, which is mainly attributed to the removal of polymer residues and further confirmed by subsequent atomic force microscopy analysis. More importantly, our gated measurements demonstrate that the proposed approach has resulted in a 3-fold increase of the carrier mobility in CVD graphene with the electron mobility close to 10 000 cm2V-1S-1, corresponding to an electron mean free path beyond 100 nm. This intrigues the promising application for this novel method in achieving ballistic transport for CVD graphene devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Duan
- Shandong Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, 250101 Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hu Li
- Shandong Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, 250101 Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, 518057 Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Klaus Leifer
- Shandong Technology Centre of Nanodevices and Integration, School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, 250101 Jinan, People's Republic of China
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16
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Gu Y, Qiu Z, Müllen K. Nanographenes and Graphene Nanoribbons as Multitalents of Present and Future Materials Science. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11499-11524. [PMID: 35671225 PMCID: PMC9264366 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As cut-outs from a graphene sheet, nanographenes (NGs) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are ideal cases with which to connect the world of molecules with that of bulk carbon materials. While various top-down approaches have been developed to produce such nanostructures in high yields, in the present perspective, precision structural control is emphasized for the length, width, and edge structures of NGs and GNRs achieved by modern solution and on-surface syntheses. Their structural possibilities have been further extended from "flatland" to the three-dimensional world, where chirality and handedness are the jewels in the crown. In addition to properties exhibited at the molecular level, self-assembly and thin-film structures cannot be neglected, which emphasizes the importance of processing techniques. With the rich toolkit of chemistry in hand, NGs and GNRs can be endowed with versatile properties and functions ranging from stimulated emission to spintronics and from bioimaging to energy storage, thus demonstrating their multitalents in present and future materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Gu
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Shenzhen
Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and
Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
for Physical Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg
University Mainz, Duesbergweg
10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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17
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Fu WT, Zhao P, Chen G. All-carbon multifunctional molecular spintronic device: A first-principles study. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Gao Y, Chen J, Chen G, Fan C, Liu X. Recent Progress in the Transfer of Graphene Films and Nanostructures. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100771. [PMID: 34928026 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The one-atom-thick graphene has excellent electronic, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Currently, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene has received a great deal of attention because it provides access to large-area and uniform films with high-quality. This allows the fabrication of graphene based-electronics, sensors, photonics, and optoelectronics for practical applications. Zero bandgap, however, limits the application of a graphene film as electronic transistor. The most commonly used bottom-up approaches have achieved efficient tuning of the electronic bandgap by customizing well-defined graphene nanostructures. The postgrowth transfer of graphene films/nanostructures to a certain substrate is crucial in utilizing graphene in applicable devices. In this review, the basic growth mechanism of CVD graphene is first introduced. Then, recent advances in various transfer methods of as-grown graphene to target substrates are presented. The fabrication and transfer methods of graphene nanostructures are also provided, and then the transfer-related applications are summarized. At last, the challenging issues and the potential transfer-free approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jielin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guorui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoguo Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Centre for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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19
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Role Played by Edge-Defects in the Optical Properties of Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123229. [PMID: 34947578 PMCID: PMC8707309 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We explore the implementation of specific optical properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) through edge-defect manipulation. This technique employs the tight-binding model in conjunction with the calculated absorption spectral function. Modification of the edge states gives rise to the diverse electronic structures with striking changes in the band gap and special flat bands at low energy. The optical-absorption spectra exhibit unique excitation peaks, and they strongly depend on the type and period of the edge extension. Remarkably, there exist the unusual transition channels associated with the flat bands for selected edge-modified systems. We discovered the special rule governing how the edge-defect influences the electronic and optical properties in AGNRs. Our theoretical prediction demonstrates an efficient way to manipulate the optical properties of AGNRs. This might be of importance in the search for suitable materials designed to have possible technology applications in nano-optical, plasmonic and optoelectronic devices.
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20
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Adamu BI, Chen P, Chu W. Role of nanostructuring of sensing materials in performance of electrical gas sensors by combining with extra strategies. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac3636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Bo W, Zou Y, Wang J. Novel electrical properties and applications in kaleidoscopic graphene nanoribbons. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33675-33691. [PMID: 35497508 PMCID: PMC9042372 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05902e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the representatives of nano-graphene materials, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have more novel electrical properties, highly adjustable electronic properties, and optoelectronic properties than graphene due to their diverse geometric structures and atomic precision configurations. The electrical properties and band gaps of GNRs depend on their width, length, boundary configuration and other elemental doping, etc. With the improvement of the preparation technology and level of GNRs with atomic precision, increasing number of GNRs with different configurations are being prepared. They all show novel electrical properties and high tunability, which provides a broad prospect for the application of GNRs in the field of microelectronics. Here, we summarize the latest GNR-based achievements in recent years and summarize the latest electrical properties and potential applications of GNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Bo
- College of Science, Liaoning Petrochemical University Fushun 113001 China
| | - Yi Zou
- College of Science, Liaoning Petrochemical University Fushun 113001 China
| | - Jingang Wang
- College of Science, Liaoning Petrochemical University Fushun 113001 China
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22
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Do TN, Shih PH, Gumbs G, Huang D. Engineering plasmon modes and their loss in armchair graphene nanoribbons by selected edge-extended defects. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:485001. [PMID: 34474404 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of edge modification of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) on the collective excitations are theoretically investigated. The tight-binding method is employed in conjunction with the dielectric function. Unconventional plasmon modes and their association with the flat bands of the specially designed AGNRs are thoroughly studied. We demonstrate the robust relationship between the novel collective excitations and both the type and period of the edge modification. Additionally, we reveal that the main features displayed in the (momentum, frequency)-phase diagrams for both single-particle and collective excitations of AGNRs can be efficiently tuned by edge-extended defects. Our obtained plasmon modes are found to be analogous to magnetoplasmons associated with collective excitations of Landau-quantized electrons. This work provides a unique way to engineer discrete magnetoplasmon-like modes of AGNRs in the absence of magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Nga Do
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsin Shih
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Godfrey Gumbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States of America
| | - Danhong Huang
- US Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate (AFRL/RVSU), Kirtland Air Force Base, NM 87117, United States of America
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23
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Johnson AP, Sabu C, Swamy NK, Anto A, Gangadharappa H, Pramod K. Graphene nanoribbon: An emerging and efficient flat molecular platform for advanced biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 184:113245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Kim N, Choi S, Yang SJ, Park J, Park JH, Nguyen NN, Park K, Ryu S, Cho K, Kim CJ. Graphene Nanoribbon Grids of Sub-10 nm Widths with High Electrical Connectivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28593-28599. [PMID: 34101416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quasi-one-dimensional (1D) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have finite band gaps and active edge states and therefore can be useful for advanced chemical and electronic devices. Here, we present the formation of GNR grids via seed-assisted chemical vapor deposition on Ge(100) substrates. Nucleation seeds, provided by unzipped C60, initiated growth of the GNRs. The GNRs grew toward two orthogonal directions in an anisotropic manner, templated by the single crystalline substrate, thereby forming grids that had lateral stitching over centimeter scales. The spatially uniform grid can be transferred and patterned for batch fabrication of devices. The GNR grids showed percolative conduction with a high electrical sheet conductance of ∼2 μS·sq and field-effect mobility of ∼5 cm2/(V·s) in the macroscopic channels, which confirm excellent lateral stitching between domains. From transconductance measurements, the intrinsic band gap of GNRs with sub-10 nm widths was estimated as ∼80 meV, similar to theoretical expectation. Our method presents a scalable way to fabricate atomically thin elements with 1D characteristics for integration with various nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namjo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyoung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jewook Park
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Ngan Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghee Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Joo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
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25
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Houtsma RSK, de la Rie J, Stöhr M. Atomically precise graphene nanoribbons: interplay of structural and electronic properties. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6541-6568. [PMID: 34100034 PMCID: PMC8185524 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01541e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons hold great promise for future applications in nanoelectronic devices, as they may combine the excellent electronic properties of graphene with the opening of an electronic band gap - not present in graphene but required for transistor applications. With a two-step on-surface synthesis process, graphene nanoribbons can be fabricated with atomic precision, allowing precise control over width and edge structure. Meanwhile, a decade of research has resulted in a plethora of graphene nanoribbons having various structural and electronic properties. This article reviews not only the on-surface synthesis of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons but also how their electronic properties are ultimately linked to their structure. Current knowledge and considerations with respect to precursor design, which eventually determines the final (electronic) structure, are summarized. Special attention is dedicated to the electronic properties of graphene nanoribbons, also in dependence on their width and edge structure. It is exactly this possibility of precisely changing their properties by fine-tuning the precursor design - offering tunability over a wide range - which has generated this vast research interest, also in view of future applications. Thus, selected device prototypes are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Koen Houtsma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Joris de la Rie
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Meike Stöhr
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of GroningenNijenborgh 49747AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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26
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Abdelsalam H, Saroka VA, Atta MM, Osman W, Zhang Q. Tunable electro-optical properties of doped chiral graphene nanoribbons. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Saraswat V, Jacobberger RM, Arnold MS. Materials Science Challenges to Graphene Nanoribbon Electronics. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3674-3708. [PMID: 33656860 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have recently emerged as promising candidates for channel materials in future nanoelectronic devices due to their exceptional electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties and chemical inertness. However, the adoption of GNRs in commercial technologies is currently hampered by materials science and integration challenges pertaining to synthesis and devices. In this Review, we present an overview of the current status of challenges, recent breakthroughs toward overcoming these challenges, and possible future directions for the field of GNR electronics. We motivate the need for exploration of scalable synthetic techniques that yield atomically precise, placed, registered, and oriented GNRs on CMOS-compatible substrates and stimulate ideas for contact and dielectric engineering to realize experimental performance close to theoretically predicted metrics. We also briefly discuss unconventional device architectures that could be experimentally investigated to harness the maximum potential of GNRs in future spintronic and quantum information technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Saraswat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Robert M Jacobberger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael S Arnold
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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28
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Singh P, Abedini Sohi P, Kahrizi M. Finite Element Modelling of Bandgap Engineered Graphene FET with the Application in Sensing Methanethiol Biomarker. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21020580. [PMID: 33467459 PMCID: PMC7830839 DOI: 10.3390/s21020580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have designed and simulated a graphene field effect transistor (GFET) with the purpose of developing a sensitive biosensor for methanethiol, a biomarker for bacterial infections. The surface of a graphene layer is functionalized by manipulation of its surface structure and is used as the channel of the GFET. Two methods, doping the crystal structure of graphene and decorating the surface by transition metals (TMs), are utilized to change the electrical properties of the graphene layers to make them suitable as a channel of the GFET. The techniques also change the surface chemistry of the graphene, enhancing its adsorption characteristics and making binding between graphene and biomarker possible. All the physical parameters are calculated for various variants of graphene in the absence and presence of the biomarker using counterpoise energy-corrected density functional theory (DFT). The device was modelled using COMSOL Multiphysics. Our studies show that the sensitivity of the device is affected by structural parameters of the device, the electrical properties of the graphene, and with adsorption of the biomarker. It was found that the devices made of graphene layers decorated with TM show higher sensitivities toward detecting the biomarker compared with those made by doped graphene layers.
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29
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Yao Y, Chakraborty S, Dhar A, Sangani CB, Duan Y, Pansuriya BR, Vekariya RL. Graphene, an epoch-making material in RFID technology: a detailed overview. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03226g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many researchers claim that graphene, a specially studied carbon allotrope, has a single layer of atoms organized in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Yao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- School of Illumination Science, Engineering and Design, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dhar
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Modern Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajhat, Hooghly, 712123, West Bengal, India
| | - Chetan B. Sangani
- Department of Chemistry, Shri Maneklal M Patel Institute of Sciences & Research, KadiSarvaVishwavidhyalaya, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Bhavesh R. Pansuriya
- Shri M. P. Pandya Science College, Shri Govind Guru University, Lunawada-389230, Godhra, Gujarat, India
| | - Rohit L. Vekariya
- Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Science & Technology for Advanced Studies & Research (ISTAR), CVM University, Vallabh Vidyanagar - 388 120, Gujarat, India
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30
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Kim Y, Kim T, Lee J, Choi YS, Moon J, Park SY, Lee TH, Park HK, Lee SA, Kwon MS, Byun HG, Lee JH, Lee MG, Hong BH, Jang HW. Tailored Graphene Micropatterns by Wafer-Scale Direct Transfer for Flexible Chemical Sensor Platform. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004827. [PMID: 33215741 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
2D materials, such as graphene, exhibit great potential as functional materials for numerous novel applications due to their excellent properties. The grafting of conventional micropatterning techniques on new types of electronic devices is required to fully utilize the unique nature of graphene. However, the conventional lithography and polymer-supported transfer methods often induce the contamination and damage of the graphene surface due to polymer residues and harsh wet-transfer conditions. Herein, a novel strategy to obtain micropatterned graphene on polymer substrates using a direct curing process is demonstrated. Employing this method, entirely flexible, transparent, well-defined self-activated graphene sensor arrays, capable of gas discrimination without external heating, are fabricated on 4 in. wafer-scale substrates. Finite element method simulations show the potential of this patterning technique to maximize the performance of the sensor devices when the active channels of the 2D material are suspended and nanoscaled. This study contributes considerably to the development of flexible functional electronic devices based on 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonhoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Materials Deformation Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Choi
- Graphene Research Center and Graphene Square Inc., Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhee Moon
- Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kee Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol A Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sang Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Gi Byun
- Division of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Hong
- Graphene Research Center and Graphene Square Inc., Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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31
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Thakur R, Ahluwalia PK, Kumar A, Sharma R. Strain modulated carrier mobility and optical properties of graphene nanowiggles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:505202. [PMID: 32996468 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, synthesized Chevron graphene nanoribbons (CGNRs) and its laterally extended counterpart known as extended CGNRs (ECGNR) are constructed by making alternated regular cuts in pristine graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). First-principles calculations demonstrate that these GNRs are super-ductile and possess width-dependent mechanical properties. The Young's modulus is calculated to be 389.4 GPa and 414.6 GPa for CGNR and ECGNR, respectively. The bandgap of these nanoribbons decreases on the application of tensile strain. The carrier effective masses are found to be highly sensitive towards mechanical strains. The holes (electrons) mobility of ECGNR is calculated to be 7.68 × 104 cm2 V-1 s-1 (1.69 × 104 cm2 V-1 s-1), which is higher than that of CGNR can be further enhanced by elongation. The prominent peaks of the imaginary part of dielectric function and electron energy loss spectra show redshift on increasing the tensile strain. The electron energy loss spectra show intense plasmonic structure in low energy spectrum indicating GNRs to be more sensitive to the visible region than ultra violet spectrum. Our results provide insight about the possible applications of GNRs in the fields of high-speed transistors, sensors, photonics, and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Thakur
- Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171005, India
| | - P K Ahluwalia
- Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171005, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Physics, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151001, India
| | - Raman Sharma
- Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171005, India
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32
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Jeong SY, Kim JS, Lee JH. Rational Design of Semiconductor-Based Chemiresistors and their Libraries for Next-Generation Artificial Olfaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002075. [PMID: 32930431 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial olfaction based on gas sensor arrays aims to substitute for, support, and surpass human olfaction. Like mammalian olfaction, a larger number of sensors and more signal processing are crucial for strengthening artificial olfaction. Due to rapid progress in computing capabilities and machine-learning algorithms, on-demand high-performance artificial olfaction that can eclipse human olfaction becomes inevitable once diverse and versatile gas sensing materials are provided. Here, rational strategies to design a myriad of different semiconductor-based chemiresistors and to grow gas sensing libraries enough to identify a wide range of odors and gases are reviewed, discussed, and suggested. Key approaches include the use of p-type oxide semiconductors, multinary perovskite and spinel oxides, carbon-based materials, metal chalcogenides, their heterostructures, as well as heterocomposites as distinctive sensing materials, the utilization of bilayer sensor design, the design of robust sensing materials, and the high-throughput screening of sensing materials. In addition, the state-of-the-art and key issues in the implementation of electronic noses are discussed. Finally, a perspective on chemiresistive sensing materials for next-generation artificial olfaction is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Yong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sik Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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33
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Ziegler JM, Andoni I, Choi EJ, Fang L, Flores-Zuleta H, Humphrey NJ, Kim DH, Shin J, Youn H, Penner RM. Sensors Based Upon Nanowires, Nanotubes, and Nanoribbons: 2016-2020. Anal Chem 2020; 93:124-166. [PMID: 33242951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ilektra Andoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Eric J Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Lu Fang
- Department of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158 Second Street, Xiasha, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Heriberto Flores-Zuleta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Nicholas J Humphrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Dong-Hwan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea
| | - Jihoon Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyunho Youn
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, South Korea
| | - Reginald M Penner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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34
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Keerthi A, Sánchez‐Sánchez C, Deniz O, Ruffieux P, Schollmeyer D, Feng X, Narita A, Fasel R, Müllen K. On-surface Synthesis of a Chiral Graphene Nanoribbon with Mixed Edge Structure. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3807-3811. [PMID: 32955160 PMCID: PMC7756733 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chiral graphene nanoribbons represent an important class of graphene nanomaterials with varying combinations of armchair and zigzag edges conferring them unique structure-dependent electronic properties. Here, we describe the on-surface synthesis of an unprecedented cove-edge chiral GNR with a benzo-fused backbone on a Au(111) surface using 2,6-dibromo-1,5-diphenylnaphthalene as precursor. The initial precursor self-assembly and the formation of the chiral GNRs upon annealing are revealed, along with a relatively small electronic bandgap of approximately 1.6 eV, by scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Keerthi
- Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford roadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Carlos Sánchez‐Sánchez
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology8600DübendorfSwitzerland
- ESISNA Group, Materials Science FactoryInstitute of Materials Science of Madrid (ICMM–CSIC)Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 328049MadridSpain
| | - Okan Deniz
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology8600DübendorfSwitzerland
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology8600DübendorfSwitzerland
| | | | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Roman Fasel
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology8600DübendorfSwitzerland
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Bern3012BernSwitzerland
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg-University55099MainzGermany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
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35
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Chen Z, Narita A, Müllen K. Graphene Nanoribbons: On-Surface Synthesis and Integration into Electronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001893. [PMID: 32945038 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are quasi-1D graphene strips, which have attracted attention as a novel class of semiconducting materials for various applications in electronics and optoelectronics. GNRs exhibit unique electronic and optical properties, which sensitively depend on their chemical structures, especially the width and edge configuration. Therefore, precision synthesis of GNRs with chemically defined structures is crucial for their fundamental studies as well as device applications. In contrast to top-down methods, bottom-up chemical synthesis using tailor-made molecular precursors can achieve atomically precise GNRs. Here, the synthesis of GNRs on metal surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) conditions is the main focus, and the recent progress in the field is summarized. The UHV method leads to successful unambiguous visualization of atomically precise structures of various GNRs with different edge configurations. The CVD protocol, in contrast, achieves simpler and industry-viable fabrication of GNRs, allowing for the scale up and efficient integration of the as-grown GNRs into devices. The recent updates in device studies are also addressed using GNRs synthesized by both the UHV method and CVD, mainly for transistor applications. Furthermore, views on the next steps and challenges in the field of on-surface synthesized GNRs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4-6, D-50939, Cologne, Germany
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36
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Niu W, Ma J, Soltani P, Zheng W, Liu F, Popov AA, Weigand JJ, Komber H, Poliani E, Casiraghi C, Droste J, Hansen MR, Osella S, Beljonne D, Bonn M, Wang HI, Feng X, Liu J, Mai Y. A Curved Graphene Nanoribbon with Multi-Edge Structure and High Intrinsic Charge Carrier Mobility. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18293-18298. [PMID: 33078947 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Structurally well-defined graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have emerged as highly promising materials for the next-generation nanoelectronics. The electronic properties of GNRs critically depend on their edge topologies. Here, we demonstrate the efficient synthesis of a curved GNR (cGNR) with a combined cove, zigzag, and armchair edge structure, through bottom-up synthesis. The curvature of the cGNR is elucidated by the corresponding model compounds tetrabenzo[a,cd,j,lm]perylene (1) and diphenanthrene-fused tetrabenzo[a,cd,j,lm]perylene (2), the structures of which are unambiguously confirmed by the X-ray single-crystal analysis. The resultant multi-edged cGNR exhibits a well-resolved absorption at the near-infrared (NIR) region with a maximum peak at 850 nm, corresponding to a narrow optical energy gap of ∼1.22 eV. Employing THz spectroscopy, we disclose a long scattering time of ∼60 fs, corresponding to a record intrinsic charge carrier mobility of ∼600 cm2 V-1 s-1 for photogenerated charge carriers in cGNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Paniz Soltani
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Department of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emanuele Poliani
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester University, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester University, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn Droste
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Silvio Osella
- Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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37
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Luan X, Martín C, Zhang P, Li Q, Vacchi IA, Delogu LG, Mai Y, Bianco A. Degradation of Structurally Defined Graphene Nanoribbons by Myeloperoxidase and the Photo‐Fenton Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Cristina Martín
- CNRS Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Isabella Anna Vacchi
- CNRS Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padua 35121 Padova Italy
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
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38
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Liu Z, Chen Z, Wang C, Wang HI, Wuttke M, Wang XY, Bonn M, Chi L, Narita A, Müllen K. Bottom-Up, On-Surface-Synthesized Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons for Ultra-High-Power Micro-Supercapacitors. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17881-17886. [PMID: 33021787 PMCID: PMC7582623 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bottom-up-synthesized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with excellent electronic properties are promising materials for energy storage systems. Herein, we report bottom-up-synthesized GNR films employed as electrode materials for micro-supercapacitors (MSCs). The micro-device delivers an excellent volumetric capacitance and an ultra-high power density. The electrochemical performance of MSCs could be correlated with the charge carrier mobility within the differently employed GNRs, as determined by pump-probe terahertz spectroscopy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Zongping Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Can Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Wuttke
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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39
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Luan X, Martín C, Zhang P, Li Q, Vacchi IA, Delogu LG, Mai Y, Bianco A. Degradation of Structurally Defined Graphene Nanoribbons by Myeloperoxidase and the Photo‐Fenton Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18515-18521. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Cristina Martín
- CNRS Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Isabella Anna Vacchi
- CNRS Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Lucia Gemma Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padua 35121 Padova Italy
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg ISIS 67000 Strasbourg France
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40
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Ten YA, Troshkova NM, Tretyakov EV. From spin-labelled fused polyaromatic compounds to magnetically active graphene nanostructures. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular design of magnetically active graphene nanoscale structures is an emerging field of research. The key goal of this research is to produce graphene nanoribbons and graphene quantum dots with specified electronic, optical and magnetic properties. The review considers methods for the synthesis of spin-labelled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are homologous precursors of graphene nanostructures, and discusses the advances and prospects of the design of magnetically active graphene materials.
The bibliography includes 134 references.
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41
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Freddi S, Emelianov AV, Bobrinetskiy II, Drera G, Pagliara S, Kopylova DS, Chiesa M, Santini G, Mores N, Moscato U, Nasibulin AG, Montuschi P, Sangaletti L. Development of a Sensing Array for Human Breath Analysis Based on SWCNT Layers Functionalized with Semiconductor Organic Molecules. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000377. [PMID: 32378358 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A sensor array based on heterojunctions between semiconducting organic layers and single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films is produced to explore applications in breathomics, the molecular analysis of exhaled breath. The array is exposed to gas/volatiles relevant to specific diseases (ammonia, ethanol, acetone, 2-propanol, sodium hypochlorite, benzene, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen dioxide). Then, to evaluate its capability to operate with real relevant biological samples the array is exposed to human breath exhaled from healthy subjects. Finally, to provide a proof of concept of its diagnostic potential, the array is exposed to exhaled breath samples collected from subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an airway chronic inflammatory disease not yet investigated with CNT-based sensor arrays, and breathprints are compared with those obtained from of healthy subjects. Principal component analysis shows that the sensor array is able to detect various target gas/volatiles with a clear fingerprint on a 2D subspace, is suitable for breath profiling in exhaled human breath, and is able to distinguish subjects with COPD from healthy subjects based on their breathprints. This classification ability is further improved by selecting the most responsive sensors to nitrogen dioxide, a potential biomarker of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Freddi
- Mathematics and Physics DepartmentUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore via dei Musei 41 Brescia 25121 Italy
- Surface Science and Spectroscopy Lab @ I‐LampUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Brescia 25121 Italy
- Department of ChemistryDivision of Molecular Imaging and PhotonicsKU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Aleksei V. Emelianov
- National Research University of Electronic Technology Zelenograd Moscow 124498 Russia
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Ivan I. Bobrinetskiy
- National Research University of Electronic Technology Zelenograd Moscow 124498 Russia
- BioSense Institute – Research and Development Institute for Information Technologies in BiosystemsUniversity of Novi Sad Dr Zorana Djindjica 1a Novi Sad 21000 Serbia
| | - Giovanni Drera
- Mathematics and Physics DepartmentUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore via dei Musei 41 Brescia 25121 Italy
- Surface Science and Spectroscopy Lab @ I‐LampUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Brescia 25121 Italy
| | - Stefania Pagliara
- Mathematics and Physics DepartmentUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore via dei Musei 41 Brescia 25121 Italy
- Surface Science and Spectroscopy Lab @ I‐LampUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Brescia 25121 Italy
| | | | - Maria Chiesa
- Mathematics and Physics DepartmentUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore via dei Musei 41 Brescia 25121 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santini
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCatholic University of the Sacred HeartFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliIRCCS Largo Francesco Vito, 1 Roma 00168 Italy
| | - Nadia Mores
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCatholic University of the Sacred HeartFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliIRCCS Largo Francesco Vito, 1 Roma 00168 Italy
| | - Umberto Moscato
- Occupational MedicineFaculty of MedicineCatholic University of the Sacred HeartFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliIRCCS Largo Francesco Vito, 1 Roma 00168 Italy
| | - Albert G. Nasibulin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Moscow 121205 Russia
- Aalto University P. O. Box 16100 Aalto FI‐00076 Finland
| | - Paolo Montuschi
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCatholic University of the Sacred HeartFondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliIRCCS Largo Francesco Vito, 1 Roma 00168 Italy
| | - Luigi Sangaletti
- Mathematics and Physics DepartmentUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore via dei Musei 41 Brescia 25121 Italy
- Surface Science and Spectroscopy Lab @ I‐LampUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Brescia 25121 Italy
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42
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Xu X, Müllen K, Narita A. Syntheses and Characterizations of Functional Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Graphene Nanoribbons. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiushang Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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43
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Kitao T, MacLean MWA, Nakata K, Takayanagi M, Nagaoka M, Uemura T. Scalable and Precise Synthesis of Armchair-Edge Graphene Nanoribbon in Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5509-5514. [PMID: 32148033 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), narrow and straight-edged stripes of graphene, attract a great deal of attention because of their excellent electronic and magnetic properties. As of yet, there is no fabrication method for GNRs to satisfy both precision at the atomic scale and scalability, which is critical for fundamental research and future technological development. Here, we report a methodology for bulk-scale synthesis of GNRs with atomic precision utilizing a metal-organic framework (MOF). The GNR was synthesized by the polymerization of perylene (PER) or its derivative within the nanochannels of the MOF. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that PER was uniaxially aligned along the nanochannels of the MOF through host-guest interactions, which allowed for regulated growth of the nanoribbons. A series of characterizations of the GNR, including NMR, UV/vis/NIR, and Raman spectroscopy measurements, confirmed the formation of the GNR with well-controlled edge structure and width.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kitao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Michael W A MacLean
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakata
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takayanagi
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,The Center for Data Science Education and Research, Shiga University, 1-1-1 Banba, Hikone, Shiga 522-8522, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Masataka Nagaoka
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Department of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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44
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Shekhirev M, Lipatov A, Torres A, Vorobeva NS, Harkleroad A, Lashkov A, Sysoev V, Sinitskii A. Highly Selective Gas Sensors Based on Graphene Nanoribbons Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:7392-7402. [PMID: 32011111 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in bottom-up synthesis of different kinds of atomically precise graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with very diverse physical properties, the translation of these GNRs into electronic devices remains challenging. Among other factors, the electronic characterization of GNRs is hampered by their complex synthesis that often requires custom-made organic precursors and the need for their transfer to dielectric substrates compatible with the conventional device fabrication procedures. In this paper, we demonstrate that uniform electrically conductive GNR films can be grown on arbitrary high-temperature-resistant substrates, such as metals, Si/SiO2, or silica glasses, by a simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach based on thermal decomposition of commercially available perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride molecules. The results of spectroscopic and microscopic characterization of the CVD-grown films were consistent with the formation of oxygen-terminated N = 5 armchair GNRs. The CVD-grown nanoribbon films exhibited an ambipolar electric field effect and low on-off ratios, which were in agreement with the predicted metallic properties of N = 5 armchair GNRs, and remarkable gas sensing properties to a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We fabricated a GNR-based electronic nose system that could reliably recognize VOCs from different chemical classes including alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol) and amines (n-butylamine, diethylamine, and triethylamine). The simplicity of the described CVD approach and its compatibility with the conventional device fabrication procedures, as well as the demonstrated sensitivity of the GNR devices to a variety of VOCs, warrant further investigation of CVD-grown nanoribbons for sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Shekhirev
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Alexey Lipatov
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Angel Torres
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Nataliia S Vorobeva
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Ashley Harkleroad
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Andrey Lashkov
- Department of Physics , Yuri Gagarin State Technical University , Saratov , 410054 , Russia
| | - Victor Sysoev
- Department of Physics , Yuri Gagarin State Technical University , Saratov , 410054 , Russia
- National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
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45
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Zhao S, Barin GB, Cao T, Overbeck J, Darawish R, Lyu T, Drapcho S, Wang S, Dumslaff T, Narita A, Calame M, Müllen K, Louie SG, Ruffieux P, Fasel R, Wang F. Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy of Atomically Precise Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1124-1130. [PMID: 31916444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the optical imaging and absorption spectroscopy on atomically precise armchair graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) on insulating fused silica substrates. This is achieved by controlling light polarization on macroscopically aligned GNRs which greatly enhances the optical contrast of the submonolayer GNRs on the insulating substrates. We measure the linear absorption spectra of 7-armchair and 9-armchair GNRs in this study, and the experimental data agree qualitatively with ab inito calculation results. The polarization spectroscopy technique enables an unambiguous optical identification of GNRs and provides a rapid tool to characterize the transferred film over a large area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Zhao
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Gabriela Borin Barin
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Ting Cao
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington United States
| | - Jan Overbeck
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Rimah Darawish
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Tairu Lyu
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Steve Drapcho
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Tim Dumslaff
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Michel Calame
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz , 5128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Steven G Louie
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics , University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Materials Science Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute , University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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46
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Rezvani Jalal N, Madrakian T, Afkhami A, Ghoorchian A. In Situ Growth of Metal-Organic Framework HKUST-1 on Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons with High Electrochemical Sensing Performance in Imatinib Determination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4859-4869. [PMID: 31908170 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been previously investigated as electrode materials for developing electrochemical sensors. They have usually been reported to suffer from poor conductivity and improvement in the conductivity of MOFs is still a great challenge. Here, we reported the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor based on the in situ growth of framework HKUST-1 on conductive graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) (HKUST-1/GONRs/GCE). The as-fabricated modified electrode was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and Raman spectroscopy. The voltammetric response of HKUST-1/GONRs/GCE toward Imatinib (IMA), as an anticancer drug, is dramatically higher than HKUST-1/GCE because of the synergic effect of the GONRs and HKUST-1 framework. The calibration curve at the HKUST-1/GONRs/GCE for IMA covered two linear dynamic ranges, 0.04-1.0 and 1.0-80 μmol L-1, with a detection limit of 0.006 μmol L-1 (6 nmol L-1). Taking advantage of the conductivity of GONRs and large surface area of HKUST-1, a sensitive modified electrode was developed for the electrochemical determination of IMA. The present method provides an effective strategy to solve the poor conductivity of the MOFs. Finally, the obtained electrochemical performance made this modified electrode promising in the determination of IMA in urine and serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 6517838695 , Iran
| | - Abbas Afkhami
- Faculty of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 6517838695 , Iran
| | - Arash Ghoorchian
- Faculty of Chemistry , Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan 6517838695 , Iran
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47
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Ohtomo M, Hayashi H, Hayashi K, Jippo H, Zhu J, Hayashi R, Yamaguchi J, Ohfuchi M, Yamada H, Sato S. Effect of Edge Functionalization on the Bottom-Up Synthesis of Nano-Graphenes. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:3366-3372. [PMID: 31596042 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the effect of edge functionalization on the on-surface Ullmann coupling of nano-carbon materials. Unlike 10,10'-Dibromo-9,9'-bianthryl (DBBA), which is widely known to form anthracene polymers and armchair-edge graphene nanoribbons on Au(111), newly-developed precursor named 5-bromo-11(10-bromoanthracene-9-yl)anthra[2,3-b : 7,6-b']dithiophene (BABAT) with isomers, which has similar structure as DBBA with one anthracene substituted with anthradithiophene, was found to make intramolecular C-C bonding instead of long anthracene polymers after annealing at 200 °C on Au(111). The mechanism was investigated using first-principle density functional theory, which revealed that on-surface polymerization is not kinetically preferred in case of BABAT. The reaction rate of intramolecular C-C bonding of BABAT is ∼206 times faster than that of DBBA. The intramolecular C-C bonding in DBBA biradicals, on the other hand, do not take place because of faster reverse reaction. By referring to electron density of BABAT biradicals, it was concluded that thiophene functionalization modifies distribution of electron density in BABAT radicals and facilitates electrophilic addition, leading to intramolecular C-C bonding after 200 °C annealing. These results indicate that the design of radical moiety is particularly important in the on-surface Ullmann-type coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Ohtomo
- Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., 10-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0197, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Techonlogy, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hayashi
- Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., 10-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0197, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Jippo
- Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., 10-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0197, Japan
| | - Juanjuan Zhu
- Graduate School of Science and Techonlogy, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Hayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Techonlogy, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Junichi Yamaguchi
- Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., 10-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0197, Japan
| | - Mari Ohfuchi
- Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., 10-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0197, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and Techonlogy, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Shintaro Sato
- Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Fujitsu Ltd., 10-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0197, Japan
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48
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Teeter JD, Zahl P, Mehdi Pour M, Costa PS, Enders A, Sinitskii A. On‐Surface Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Laterally Extended Chevron Graphene Nanoribbons. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2281-2285. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D. Teeter
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - Percy Zahl
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Pour
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - Paulo S. Costa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - Axel Enders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
- Physikalisches Institut Universität Bayreuth Bayreuth 95440 Germany
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska – Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
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49
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Xu F, Yu C, Tries A, Zhang H, Kläui M, Basse K, Hansen MR, Bilbao N, Bonn M, Wang HI, Mai Y. Tunable Superstructures of Dendronized Graphene Nanoribbons in Liquid Phase. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10972-10977. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fugui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Alexander Tries
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz; Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Staudinger Weg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heng Zhang
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mathias Kläui
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz; Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Staudinger Weg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Basse
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nerea Bilbao
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan, 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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50
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