1
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Di F, Gu X, Chu Y, Li L, Geng X, Sun C, Zhou W, Zhang H, Zhao H, Tao L, Jiang G, Zhang X, An B. Enhanced stability and kinetic performance of sandwich Si anode constructed by carbon nanotube and silicon carbide for lithium-ion battery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:204-214. [PMID: 38761573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Owing to highly theoretical capacity of 3579 mAh/g for lithium-ion storage at ambient temperature, silicon (Si) becomes a promising anode material of high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the large volume change (∼300 %) during lithiation/delithiation and low conductivity of Si are challenging the commercial developments of LIBs with Si anode. Herein, a sandwich structure anode that Si nanoparticles sandwiched between carbon nanotube (CNT) and silicon carbide (SiC) has been successfully constructed by acetylene chemical vapor deposition and magnesiothermic reduction reaction technology. The SiC acts as a stiff layer to inhibit the volumetric stress from Si and the inner graphited CNT plays as the matrix to cushion the volumetric stress and as the conductor to transfer electrons. Moreover, the combination of SiC and CNT can relax the surface stress of carbonaceous interface to synergistically prevent the integrated structure from the degradation to avoid the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) reorganization. In addition, the SiC (111) surface has a strong ability to adsorb fluoroethylene carbonate molecule to further stabilize the SEI. Consequently, the CNT/SiNPs/SiC anode can stably supply the capacity of 1127.2 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g with a 95.6 % capacity retention rate after 200 cycles and an excellent rate capability of 745.5 mAh/g at 4.0 A/g and 85.5 % capacity retention rate after 1000 cycles. The present study could give a guide to develop the functional Si anode through designing a multi-interface with heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Di
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Light Industry Institute Co., Ltd., 46 Taishan Road, Shenyang 110031, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Lixiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xin Geng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangshen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhang
- Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology, 136 Kaiyuan Road, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, China
| | - Baigang An
- Key Laboratory of Energy Materials and Electrochemistry Liaoning Province, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 185 Qianshanzhong Road, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China; Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology, 136 Kaiyuan Road, Guangzhou 510530, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Tubtimkuna S, Danilov DL, Sawangphruk M, Notten PHL. Review of the Scalable Core-Shell Synthesis Methods: The Improvements of Li-Ion Battery Electrochemistry and Cycling Stability. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300345. [PMID: 37231555 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The demand for lithium-ion batteries has significantly increased due to the increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). However, these batteries have a limited lifespan, which needs to be improved for the long-term use needs of EVs expected to be in service for 20 years or more. In addition, the capacity of lithium-ion batteries is often insufficient for long-range travel, posing challenges for EV drivers. One approach that has gained attention is using core-shell structured cathode and anode materials. That approach can provide several benefits, such as extending the battery lifespan and improving capacity performance. This paper reviews various challenges and solutions by the core-shell strategy adopted for both cathodes and anodes. The highlight is scalable synthesis techniques, including solid phase reactions like the mechanofusion process, ball-milling, and spray-drying process, which are essential for pilot plant production. Due to continuous operation with a high production rate, compatibility with inexpensive precursors, energy and cost savings, and an environmentally friendly approach that can be carried out at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperatures. Future developments in this field may focus on optimizing core-shell materials and synthesis techniques for improved Li-ion battery performance and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchakree Tubtimkuna
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9) Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering School of Energy Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Dmitri L Danilov
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9) Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Montree Sawangphruk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering School of Energy Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Peter H L Notten
- Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9) Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
- University of Technology Sydney Broadway, Sydney, NS, 2007, Australia
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3
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Wang Z, Pei Q, Wang M, Tan J, Ye S. Observing Nonpreferential Absorption of Linear and Cyclic Carbonate on the Silicon Electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2015-2021. [PMID: 36695809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is reported to be a promising anode material due to its high storage capacity and excellent energy conversion rate. Molecular-level insight into the interaction between silicon electrodes and electrolyte solutions is essential for understanding the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), but it is yet to be explored. In this study, we apply femtosecond sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy to investigate the initial adsorption of various pure and mixed electrolyte molecules on the silicon anode surface by monitoring the SFG signals from the carbonyl group of electrolyte molecules. When the silicon comes in contact with a pure carbonate solution, the linear carbonates of diethyl carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate adopt two conformations with opposite C═O orientations on the silicon interface while the cyclic carbonates of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate almost adopt one conformation with C═O bonds pointing toward the silicon electrode. When the silicon comes in contact with the mixed linear and cyclic carbonate solutions, the total SFG intensity from the mixed solutions is approximately 2∼5 times weaker than those of pure cyclic carbonates. The C═O bonds of cyclic carbonates point toward the silicon electrode, while the C═O bonds of linear carbonates face toward the bulk solution at the silicon/mixed solution interface. No preferential absorption behaviors of the linear and cyclic carbonate electrolytes on the silicon electrode are observed. Such findings may help to understand the mechanism by which the SEI formed on the silicon anode is unstable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Quanbing Pei
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Junjun Tan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Shuji Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
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4
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Revealing solid electrolyte interphase formation through interface-sensitive Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6070. [PMID: 36241622 PMCID: PMC9568580 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) that forms on Li-ion battery anodes is critical to their long-term performance, however observing SEI formation processes at the buried electrode-electrolyte interface is a significant challenge. Here we show that operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in total electron yield mode can resolve the chemical evolution of the SEI during electrochemical formation in a Li-ion cell, with nm-scale interface sensitivity. O, F, and Si K-edge spectra, acquired as a function of potential, reveal when key reactions occur on high-capacity amorphous Si anodes cycled with and without fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). The sequential formation of inorganic (LiF) and organic (-(C=O)O-) components is thereby revealed, and results in layering of the SEI. The addition of FEC leads to SEI formation at higher potentials which is implicated in the rapid healing of SEI defects and the improved cycling performance observed. Operando TEY-XAS offers new insights into the formation mechanisms of electrode-electrolyte interphases and their stability for a wide variety of electrode materials and electrolyte formulations. Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on Li-ion battery anodes is critical for long-term performance. Here, the authors use operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy in total electron yield mode to resolve the chemical evolution of the SEI during electrochemical formation on silicon anodes.
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5
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Three-dimensional network of nitrogen-doped carbon matrix-encapsulated Si nanoparticles/carbon nanofibers hybrids for lithium-ion battery anodes with excellent capability. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16002. [PMID: 36163350 PMCID: PMC9512820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensionally structured silicon (Si)–carbon (C) nanocomposites have great potential as anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, we report a Nitrogen-doped graphene/carbon-encapsulated Si nanoparticle/carbon nanofiber composite (NG/C@Si/CNF) prepared by methods of surface modification, electrostatic self-assembly, cross-linking with heat treatment, and further carbonization as a potential high-performance anode for LIBs. The N-doped C matrix wrapped around Si nanoparticles improved the electrical conductivity of the composites and buffered the volume change of Si nanoparticles during lithiation/delithiation. Uniformly dispersed CNF in composites acted as conductive networks for the fast transport of ions and electrons. The entire tightly connected organic material of NG/C@Si and CNF prevented the crushing and shedding of particles and maintained the integrity of the electrode structure. The NG/C@Si/CNF composite exhibited better rate capability and cycling performance compared with the other electrode materials. After 100 cycles, the electrode maintained a high reversible specific capacity of 1371.4 mAh/g.
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6
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Gao J, Zuo S, Liu H, Jiang Q, Wang C, Yin H, Wang Z, Wang J. An interconnected and scalable hollow Si-C nanospheres/graphite composite for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 624:555-563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Wang Z, Tan J, Yang Z, Luo Y, Ye S. Observing Two-Dimensional Spontaneous Reaction between a Silicon Electrode and a LiPF 6-Based Electrolyte In Situ and in Real Time. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3224-3229. [PMID: 35377653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional spontaneous reactions between an electrode and an electrolyte are very important for the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) but difficult to study because studying such reactions requires surface/interface sensitive techniques with sufficiently structural and temporal resolutions. In this study, we have applied femtosecond broadband sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) to investigate the interaction between a silicon electrode and a LiPF6-based diethyl carbonate electrolyte solution in situ and in real time. We found that two kinds of diethyl carbonate species are present on the silicon surface and their C═O stretching aligns in opposite directions. Intrinsically spontaneous chemical reactions between silicon electrodes and a LiPF6 electrolyte solution are observed. The reactions generate silicon hydride and cause corrosion of the silicon electrodes. Coating of the silicon surface with a poly(vinyl alcohol) layer can effectively retard and attenuate these reactions. This work demonstrates that SFG-VS can provide a unique and powerful state-of-the-art tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of SEI formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Junjun Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shuji Ye
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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8
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Xie W, Pang C, He P, Xiao C, Koyama M, Wang J, Qi X, Ren J, He X. Improving the performance of silicon monoxide anodes via tuning a multiple pre-doping system: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7405-7414. [PMID: 35266492 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00498d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silicon monoxide is a potentially viable anode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, a low initial coulombic efficiency and large volume expansion limit its commercial application. Pre-lithiation is an efficient solution, but is expensive because of limited "pre-lithiation" sources. In this work, we theoretically investigated a novel multiple pre-doping SiO system (Li-NaMg-SiO). By comparing its lithiation behavior to that of the traditional Li-doping system (Li-SiO), we revealed the different doping effects during lithiation. Similar to the traditional Li-doping system, the insertion of Na and Mg disintegrates the Si-O host matrix to form Na-O and Mg-O bonds and active Si clusters. At the end of lithiation, the O-Li coordination number (CN) tends to saturate at CNO-Li ≈ 5 in Li-Na-SiO, Li-Mg-SiO, and Li-NaMg-SiO systems, while the value of CNO-Li in the Li-SiO system is more than 6, which suggests that there are reorganizations between Li, Na, and Mg in the silicate matrix. Doping sources of both Na and Mg can prevent the active Li ions from being trapped by O-Li bonds and increase the initial coulombic efficiency. From the density of states (DOS), we notice that all the different pre-doping systems have similar electronic structures, and they can be expected to undergo the same lithiation process. Furthermore, the higher ion-conductivity and smaller volume expansion during the lithiation process characterized by root mean square deviation (RMSD) and volume analysis prove the advantages of the binary doping system (Li-NaMg-SiO) for the improvement of cycle stability for Si-based materials. These advantages benefit from the loose and amorphous structures of doping systems during lithiation. Our work highlights the doping effects of multiple sources and the promotion of "inert compounds" on the entire lithiation process, which provide valuable insight for high-performance anode design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- BTR New Material Group Co. Ltd, Xitian High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518106, China.
| | - Chunlei Pang
- BTR New Material Group Co. Ltd, Xitian High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518106, China.
| | - Peng He
- BTR New Material Group Co. Ltd, Xitian High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518106, China.
| | - Chengmao Xiao
- BTR New Material Group Co. Ltd, Xitian High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518106, China.
| | - Michihisa Koyama
- Global Research Centre for Environment and Energy Based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jiantao Wang
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co., Ltd, No. 11 Xingke Dong Street, Huairou District, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Xiaopeng Qi
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co., Ltd, No. 11 Xingke Dong Street, Huairou District, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Jianguo Ren
- BTR New Material Group Co. Ltd, Xitian High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518106, China.
| | - Xueqin He
- BTR New Material Group Co. Ltd, Xitian High-Tech Industrial Park, Guangming New District, Shenzhen 518106, China.
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9
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Hirono T, Usui H, Domi Y, Irie W, Sawada T, Sakaguchi H. Improvement of the Anode Properties of Lithium-Ion Batteries for SiO x with a Third Element. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1223-1231. [PMID: 35036784 PMCID: PMC8757335 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silicon oxide (SiO x ) has been placed into practical use as an anode active material for next-generation Li-ion batteries because it has a higher theoretical capacity than graphite anodes. However, the synthesis method is typically vapor deposition, which is expensive, and the poor electron conductivity of SiO x restricts high performance. In this study, we prepared M/SiO x active materials consisting of SiO x and a third element (M = Al, B, Sn) using a low-cost mechanical milling (MM) method and investigated their electrode properties as Li-ion battery anodes. Also, the authors added a third element to improve the conductivity of the SiO2 matrix. Al, B, and Sn were selected as elements that do not form a compound with Si, exist as a simple substance, and can be dispersed in SiO2. As a result, we confirmed that SiO x has a nanostructure of nanocrystalline Si dispersed in an amorphous-like SiO2 matrix and that the third element M exists not in the nanocrystalline Si but in the SiO2 matrix. The electron conductivity of SiO x was improved by the addition of B and Sn. However, it was not improved by the addition of Al. This is because Al2O3 was formed in the insulator due to the oxidization of Al. The charge-discharge cycle tests revealed that the cycle life was improved from 170 cycles to 330 or 360 cycles with the addition of B or Sn, respectively. The improvement in electron conductivity is assumed to make it possible for SiO2 to react with Li ions more uniformly and form a structure that can avoid the concentration of stress due to the volume changes of Si, thereby suppressing the electrode disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Hirono
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center
for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Sanyo
Special Steel Co., Ltd., 3007, Nakashima, Shikama-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 672-8677, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Usui
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center
for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Domi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center
for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Wataru Irie
- Course
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Engineering, Graduate
School of Sustainability Science, Tottori
University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center
for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sawada
- Sanyo
Special Steel Co., Ltd., 3007, Nakashima, Shikama-ku, Himeji, Hyogo 672-8677, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center
for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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10
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HIRONO T, USUI H, DOMI Y, NISHIDA T, IRIE W, SAWADA T, SAKAGUCHI H. Effect of Sn Addition on the Anode Properties of SiO<i><sub>x</sub></i> for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.22-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki HIRONO
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University
| | - Hiroyuki USUI
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University
| | - Yasuhiro DOMI
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University
| | - Takahiro NISHIDA
- Course of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University
| | - Wataru IRIE
- Course of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University
| | | | - Hiroki SAKAGUCHI
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University
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11
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Chae S, Xu Y, Yi R, Lim HS, Velickovic D, Li X, Li Q, Wang C, Zhang JG. A Micrometer-Sized Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Synthesized by Impregnation of Petroleum Pitch in Nanoporous Silicon. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103095. [PMID: 34398477 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous silicon (Si)/carbon nanocomposites have been extensively explored as a promising anode material for high-energy lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIBs). However, shrinking of the pores and sintering of Si in the nanoporous structure during fabrication often diminishes the full benefits of nanoporous Si. Herein, a scalable method is reported to preserve the porous Si nanostructure by impregnating petroleum pitch inside of porous Si before high-temperature treatment. The resulting micrometer-sized Si/C composite maintains a desired porosity to accommodate large volume change and high conductivity to facilitate charge transfer. It also forms a stable surface coating that limits the penetration of electrolyte into nanoporous Si and minimizes the side reaction between electrolyte and Si during cycling and storage. A Si-based anode with 80% of pitch-derived carbon/nanoporous Si enables very stable cycling of a Si||Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)O2 (NMC532) battery (80% capacity retention after 450 cycles). It also leads to low swelling in both particle and electrode levels required for the next generation of high-energy LIBs. The process also can be used to preserve the porous structure of other nanoporous materials that need to be treated at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujong Chae
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaobin Xu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ran Yi
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Hyung-Seok Lim
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Dusan Velickovic
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Chongmin Wang
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ji-Guang Zhang
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
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12
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Dhanabalan A, Song BF, Biswal SL. Extreme Rate Capability Cycling of Porous Silicon Composite Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Dhanabalan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Botao Farren Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St Houston TX 77005 USA
| | - Sibani Lisa Biswal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St Houston TX 77005 USA
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13
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Zuo X, Cheng Y, Zhu J, Gao J, Xia Y. Porous silicon derived from 130 nm Stöber silica as lithium‐ion battery anode. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Zuo
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang Province 315201 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Jun Cheng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang Province 315201 P. R. China
- Department of Materials University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang Province 315201 P. R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang Province 315201 P. R. China
| | - Yonggao Xia
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Zhejiang Province 315201 P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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14
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Wang F, Liu W, Ma Y, Chen D, Li P, Yin H, Li W, Wang D. Fabricating Silicon Nanotubes by Electrochemical Exfoliation and Reduction of Layer-Structured CaSiO 3 in Molten Salt. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:30668-30677. [PMID: 34165965 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanotubes (SNTs) are very attractive in the fields of energy, catalysis, and sensors, but a facile template- and/or catalyst-free preparation method is still absent. Herein, we study a controllable and cost-effective approach for preparing SNTs by electrochemically reducing layer-structured calcium silicate (CaSiO3) in molten CaCl2/NaCl without any template and catalyst. The underlying mechanism of the SNT formation is uncovered: the layer-structured CaSiO3 is first electrochemically exfoliated into SiOx (0 < x < 2) sheets while releasing CaO into the molten salts, and then the SiOx sheets are electrochemically reduced and simultaneously crimped into SNTs. The diameter (120-312 nm) and wall thickness (∼40 nm) of the SNTs can be tailorable by manipulating the reduction potential between -1.28 and -1.48 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Lastly, the electrolytic SNTs show a high lithium storage capacity of 3737 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1, a high rate capability of 1371 mA h g-1 at 10 A g-1, and stable cycling with a capacity of 974 mAh g-1 after 600 cycles at 1 A g-1. Overall, the template- and catalyst-free electrochemical method provides a straightforward and facile way to prepare SNTs with a brand-new mechanism that can be applied to other tubular structure materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yongsong Ma
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Huayi Yin
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral of Ministry of Education, School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Dihua Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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15
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Interplay between electrochemical reactions and mechanical responses in silicon-graphite anodes and its impact on degradation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2714. [PMID: 33976126 PMCID: PMC8113583 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Durability of high-energy throughput batteries is a prerequisite for electric vehicles to penetrate the market. Despite remarkable progresses in silicon anodes with high energy densities, rapid capacity fading of full cells with silicon-graphite anodes limits their use. In this work, we unveil degradation mechanisms such as Li+ crosstalk between silicon and graphite, consequent Li+ accumulation in silicon, and capacity depression of graphite due to silicon expansion. The active material properties, i.e. silicon particle size and graphite hardness, are then modified based on these results to reduce Li+ accumulation in silicon and the subsequent degradation of the active materials in the anode. Finally, the cycling performance is tailored by designing electrodes to regulate Li+ crosstalk. The resultant full cell with an areal capacity of 6 mAh cm-2 has a cycle life of >750 cycles the volumetric energy density of 800 Wh L-1 in a commercial cell format.
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16
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Bärmann P, Krueger B, Casino S, Winter M, Placke T, Wittstock G. Impact of the Crystalline Li 15Si 4 Phase on the Self-Discharge Mechanism of Silicon Negative Electrodes in Organic Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55903-55912. [PMID: 33259711 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Because of their high specific capacity and rather low operating potential, silicon-based negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries have been the subject of extensive research over the past 2 decades. Although the understanding of the (de)lithiation behavior of silicon has significantly increased, several major challenges have not been solved yet, hindering its broad commercial application. One major issue is the low initial Coulombic efficiency and the ever-present self-discharge of silicon electrodes. Self-discharge itself affects the long-term stability of electrochemical storage systems and, additionally, must be taken into consideration for inevitable prelithiation approaches. The impact of the crystalline Li15Si4 phase is of great interest as the phase transformation between crystalline (c) and amorphous (a) phases not only increases the specific surface area but also causes huge polarization. Moreover, there is the possibility for electrochemical over-lithiation toward the Li15+aSi4 phase because of the electron-deficient Li15Si4 phase, which can be highly reactive toward the electrolyte. This poses the question about the impact of the c-Li15Si4 phase on the self-discharge behavior in comparison to its amorphous counterpart. Here, silicon thin films used as model electrodes are lithiated to cut-off potentials of 10 mV and 50 mV versus Li|Li+ (U10mV and U50mV) in order to systematically investigate their self-discharge mechanism via open-circuit potential (UOCP) measurements and to visualize the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth by means of scanning electrochemical microscopy. We show that the c-Li15Si4 phase is formed for the U10mV electrode, while it is not found for the U50mV electrode. In turn, the U50mV electrode displays an almost linear self-discharge behavior, whereas the U10mV electrode reaches a UOCP plateau at ca. 380 mV versus Li|Li+, which is due to the phase transition from c-Li15Si4 to the a-LixSi phase. At this plateau potential, the phase transformation at the Si|electrolyte interface results in an electronically more insulating and more uniform SEI (U10mV electrode), while the U50mV electrode displays a less uniform SEI layer. In summary, the self-discharge mechanism of silicon electrodes and, hence, the irreversible decomposition of the electrolyte and the corresponding SEI formation process heavily depend on the structural nature of the underlying lithium-silicon phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peer Bärmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Krueger
- School of Mathematics and Sciences, Chemistry Department, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Simone Casino
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Winter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
- IEK-12, Helmholtz Institute Münster, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Placke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, MEET Battery Research Center, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gunther Wittstock
- School of Mathematics and Sciences, Chemistry Department, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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17
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Zhang X, Wang D, Qiu X, Ma Y, Kong D, Müllen K, Li X, Zhi L. Stable high-capacity and high-rate silicon-based lithium battery anodes upon two-dimensional covalent encapsulation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3826. [PMID: 32737306 PMCID: PMC7395733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon is a promising anode material for lithium-ion and post lithium-ion batteries but suffers from a large volume change upon lithiation and delithiation. The resulting instabilities of bulk and interfacial structures severely hamper performance and obstruct practical use. Stability improvements have been achieved, although at the expense of rate capability. Herein, a protocol is developed which we describe as two-dimensional covalent encapsulation. Two-dimensional, covalently bound silicon-carbon hybrids serve as proof-of-concept of a new material design. Their high reversibility, capacity and rate capability furnish a remarkable level of integrated performances when referred to weight, volume and area. Different from existing strategies, the two-dimensional covalent binding creates a robust and efficient contact between the silicon and electrically conductive media, enabling stable and fast electron, as well as ion, transport from and to silicon. As evidenced by interfacial morphology and chemical composition, this design profoundly changes the interface between silicon and the electrolyte, securing the as-created contact to persist upon cycling. Combined with a simple, facile and scalable manufacturing process, this study opens a new avenue to stabilize silicon without sacrificing other device parameters. The results hold great promise for both further rational improvement and mass production of advanced energy storage materials. Stabilizing silicon without sacrificing other device parameters is essential for practical use in lithium and post lithium battery anodes. Here, the authors show the skin-like two-dimensional covalent encapsulation furnishing a remarkable level of integrated lithium storage performances of silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Denghui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiongying Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yingjie Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Debin Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Xianglong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Linjie Zhi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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18
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Yu C, Lin X, Chen X, Qin L, Xiao Z, Zhang C, Zhang R, Wei F. Suppressing the Side Reaction by a Selective Blocking Layer to Enhance the Performance of Si-Based Anodes. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5176-5184. [PMID: 32520565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Building a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is an effective method to enhance the performance of Si-based materials. However, the general strategy ignores the severe side reaction that originates from the penetration of the fluoride anion which influences the stability of the SEI. In this work, an analytical method is established to study the chemical reaction mechanism between the silicon and electrolyte by combining X-ray diffraction (XRD) with mass spectrometry (MS) technology. Additionally, a selective blocking layer coupling selectivity for the fluoride anion and a high conductivity is coated on the surface of silicon. With the protection of the selective blocking layer, the rate of the side reaction is decreased by 1700 times, and the corresponding SEI thickness is dwindled by 4 times. This work explores the mechanism of the intrinsic chemical reaction and provides future directions for improving Si-based anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xianqing Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lingxiang Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhexi Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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19
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Liu L, Lopez-Haro M, Lopes CW, Rojas-Buzo S, Concepcion P, Manzorro R, Simonelli L, Sattler A, Serna P, Calvino JJ, Corma A. Structural modulation and direct measurement of subnanometric bimetallic PtSn clusters confined in zeolites. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-0472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Kim D, Lee S, Hong W, Lee H, Jeon S, Han S, Nam J. Image Segmentation for FIB-SEM Serial Sectioning of a Si/C-Graphite Composite Anode Microstructure Based on Preprocessing and Global Thresholding. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:1139-1154. [PMID: 31387658 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619014752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The choice of materials that constitute electrodes and the way they are interconnected, i.e., the microstructure, influences the performance of lithium-ion batteries. For batteries with high energy and power densities, the microstructure of the electrodes must be controlled during their manufacturing process. Moreover, understanding the microstructure helps in designing a high-performance, yet low-cost battery. In this study, we propose a systematic algorithm workflow for the images of the microstructure of anodes obtained from a focused ion beam scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM). Here, we discuss the typical issues that arise in the raw FIB-SEM images and the corresponding preprocessing methods that resolve them. Next, we propose a Fourier transform-based filter that effectively reduces curtain artifacts. Also, we propose a simple, yet an effective, global-thresholding method to identify active materials and pores in the microstructure. Finally, we reconstruct the three-dimensional structures by concatenating the segmented images. The whole algorithm workflow used in this study is not fully automated and requires user interactions such as choosing the values of parameters and removing shine-through artifacts manually. However, it should be emphasized that the proposed global-thresholding method is deterministic and stable, which results in high segmentation performance for all sectioning images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjae Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihyung Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Hong
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosug Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongho Jeon
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Han
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Suwon 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewook Nam
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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21
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Hou G, Cheng B, Yang Y, Du Y, Zhang Y, Li B, He J, Zhou Y, Yi D, Zhao N, Bando Y, Golberg D, Yao J, Wang X, Yuan F. Multiscale Buffering Engineering in Silicon-Carbon Anode for Ultrastable Li-Ion Storage. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10179-10190. [PMID: 31424917 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-carbon (Si-C) hybrids have been proven to be the most promising anodes for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their superior theoretical capacity (∼4200 mAh g-1). However, it is still a critical challenge to apply this material for commercial LIB anodes because of the large volume expansion of Si, unstable solid-state interphase (SEI) layers, and huge internal stresses upon lithiation/delithiation. Here, we propose an engineering concept of multiscale buffering, taking advantage of a nanosized Si-C nanowire architecture through fabricating specific microsized wool-ball frameworks to solve all the above-mentioned problems. These wool-ball-like frameworks, prepared at high yields, nearly matching industrial scales (they can be routinely produced at a rate of ∼300 g/h), are composed of Si/C nanowire building blocks. As anodes, the Si-C wool-ball frameworks show ultrastable Li+ storage (2000 mAh g-1 for 1000 cycles), high initial Coulombic efficiency of ∼90%, and volumetric capacity of 1338 mAh cm-3. In situ TEM proves that the multiscale buffering design enables a small volume variation, only ∼19.5%, reduces the inner stresses, and creates a very thin SEI. The perfect multiscale elastic buffering makes this material more stable compared to common Si nanoparticle-assembled counterpart electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Zhongguancun Beiertiao 1 Hao , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Benli Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Zhongguancun Beiertiao 1 Hao , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Zhongguancun Beiertiao 1 Hao , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Baoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Zhongguancun Beiertiao 1 Hao , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaping He
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Zhongguancun Beiertiao 1 Hao , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzhan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory , Shantou 515031 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Yi
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yoshio Bando
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Tianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dmitri Golberg
- Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology (QUT) , 2 George Street , Brisbane , QLD 4000 , Australia
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory , Shantou 515031 , People's Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Tianjin University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fangli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-Phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Zhongguancun Beiertiao 1 Hao , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhu B, Wang X, Yao P, Li J, Zhu J. Towards high energy density lithium battery anodes: silicon and lithium. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7132-7148. [PMID: 31588280 PMCID: PMC6686730 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01201j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon and lithium metal are considered as promising alternatives to state-of-the-art graphite anodes for higher energy density lithium batteries because of their high theoretical capacity. However, significant challenges such as short cycle life and low coulombic efficiency have seriously hindered their practical applications. In the past decades, various strategies have been proposed to address the major problems of Si and Li anodes. In this review, we summarize the understanding on Si and Li anodes, highlight the recent progress in the development and introduce advanced characterization techniques. We also indicate the remaining challenges of Si and Li anodes requiring more efforts for future widespread applications. We expect that this review provides an overall picture of the recent progress and inspires more efforts in the fundamental understanding and practical applications of Si and Li anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures , College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China .
| | - Xinyu Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures , College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China .
| | - Pengcheng Yao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures , College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China .
| | - Jinlei Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures , College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China .
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures , College of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China .
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23
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Li J, Li Z, Huang W, Chen L, Lv F, Zou M, Qian F, Huang Z, Lu J, Li Y. A Facile Strategy to Construct Silver-Modified, ZnO-Incorporated and Carbon-Coated Silicon/Porous-Carbon Nanofibers with Enhanced Lithium Storage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900436. [PMID: 30957424 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For Si anode materials used for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), developing an effective solution to overcome their drawbacks of large volume change and poor electronic conductivity is highly desirable. Here, the composites of ZnO-incorporated and carbon-coated silicon/porous-carbon nanofibers (ZnO-Si@C-PCNFs) are designed and synthesized via a traditional electrospinning method. The prepared ZnO-Si@C-PCNFs can obviously overcome these two drawbacks and provide excellent LIB performance with excellent rate capability and stable long cycling life of 1000 cycles with reversible capacity of 1050 mA h g-1 at 800 mA g-1 . Meanwhile, anodes of ZnO-Si@C-PCNFs attached with Ag particles display enhanced LIB performance, maintaining an average capacity of 920 mA h g-1 at a large current of 1800 mA g-1 even for 1000 cycles with negligible capacity loss and excellent reversibility. In addition, the assembling method with important practical significance for a simple pouch full cell is designed and used to evaluate the active materials. The Ag/ZnO-Si@C-PCNFs are prelithiated and assembled in full cells using LiNi0.5 Co0.2 Mn0.3 O2 (NCM523) as cathodes, exhibiting higher energy density (230 W h kg-1 ) of 18% than that of 195 W h kg-1 for commercial graphite//NCM523 full pouch cells. Importantly, the comprehensive mechanisms of enhanced electrochemical kinetics originating from ZnO-incorporation and Ag-attachment are revealed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zebiao Li
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Weijian Huang
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fucong Lv
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingzhong Zou
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Qian
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhigao Huang
- College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fuzhou, 350117, China
- Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, Department of Material Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Fleischauer MD, Tang D, Gyenes B, Olsen BC, Johnson AD. Calibration process for rechargeable cell and battery test systems. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:043902. [PMID: 31043031 DOI: 10.1063/1.5079233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coulombic efficiency is a powerful metric for evaluating the performance of materials in rechargeable cells and batteries. The ideal Coulombic efficiency, the ratio of charge removed to charge inserted, is unity. Some specialized systems can accurately measure cell capacity and Coulombic efficiency within 0.001%, which requires precise control and measurement of current, voltage, time, and temperature. Most battery electrode and electrolyte research is not performed with such precise but complex systems. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a simple, robust procedure to measure and possibly improve the accuracy of capacity and Coulombic efficiency measurements on standard systems in their as-used state. This approach is built on a commercially available thin film rechargeable cell for micro or milliampere currents and can be extended to, e.g., 18 650, cells for higher currents. An improved method to display Coulombic efficiency data is also presented. Regular, consistent calibration of testing systems and reporting of system resolution at specified test conditions is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Fleischauer
- National Research Council-Nanotechnology Research Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - D Tang
- National Research Council-Nanotechnology Research Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - B Gyenes
- National Research Council-Nanotechnology Research Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - B C Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - A D Johnson
- National Research Council-Nanotechnology Research Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
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26
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Domi Y, Usui H, Yamaguchi K, Yodoya S, Sakaguchi H. Silicon-Based Anodes with Long Cycle Life for Lithium-Ion Batteries Achieved by Significant Suppression of Their Volume Expansion in Ionic-Liquid Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:2950-2960. [PMID: 30608119 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Elemental Si has a high theoretical capacity and has attracted attention as an anode material for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. Rapid capacity fading is the main problem with Si-based electrodes; this is mainly because of a massive volume change in Si during lithiation-delithiation. Here, we report that combining an ionic-liquid electrolyte with a charge capacity limit of 1000 mA h g-1 significantly suppresses Si volume expansion, improving the cycle life. Phosphorus-doping of Si also enhances the suppression and increases the Li+ diffusion coefficient. In contrast, the Si layer expands significantly in an organic electrolyte even with the charge capacity limit and even in an ionic-liquid electrolyte without the limit. We demonstrated that the homogeneously distributed Si lithiation-delithiation, phase-transition control from the Si to Li-rich Li-Si alloy phases, formation of a surface film with structural and/or mechanical stability, and faster Li+ diffusion contribute to suppressing Si volume expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Domi
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Usui
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamaguchi
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Shuhei Yodoya
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakaguchi
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
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27
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Vertruyen B, Eshraghi N, Piffet C, Bodart J, Mahmoud A, Boschini F. Spray-Drying of Electrode Materials for Lithium- and Sodium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11071076. [PMID: 29941820 PMCID: PMC6073579 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The performance of electrode materials in lithium-ion (Li-ion), sodium-ion (Na-ion) and related batteries depends not only on their chemical composition but also on their microstructure. The choice of a synthesis method is therefore of paramount importance. Amongst the wide variety of synthesis or shaping routes reported for an ever-increasing panel of compositions, spray-drying stands out as a versatile tool offering demonstrated potential for up-scaling to industrial quantities. In this review, we provide an overview of the rapidly increasing literature including both spray-drying of solutions and spray-drying of suspensions. We focus, in particular, on the chemical aspects of the formulation of the solution/suspension to be spray-dried. We also consider the post-processing of the spray-dried precursors and the resulting morphologies of granules. The review references more than 300 publications in tables where entries are listed based on final compound composition, starting materials, sources of carbon etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Vertruyen
- GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemistry Institute B6, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 août, 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Eshraghi
- GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemistry Institute B6, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 août, 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Piffet
- GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemistry Institute B6, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 août, 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Jerome Bodart
- GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemistry Institute B6, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 août, 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Abdelfattah Mahmoud
- GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemistry Institute B6, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 août, 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Frederic Boschini
- GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Chemistry Institute B6, Quartier Agora, Allée du 6 août, 13, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
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28
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Lee L, Kang B, Han S, Kim HE, Lee MD, Bang JH. A Generalizable Top-Down Nanostructuring Method of Bulk Oxides: Sequential Oxygen-Nitrogen Exchange Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801124. [PMID: 29806116 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A thermal reaction route that induces grain fracture instead of grain growth is devised and developed as a top-down approach to prepare nanostructured oxides from bulk solids. This novel synthesis approach, referred to as the sequential oxygen-nitrogen exchange (SONE) reaction, exploits the reversible anion exchange between oxygen and nitrogen in oxides that is driven by a simple two-step thermal treatment in ammonia and air. Internal stress developed by significant structural rearrangement via the formation of (oxy)nitride and the creation of oxygen vacancies and their subsequent combination into nanopores transforms bulk solid oxides into nanostructured oxides. The SONE reaction can be applicable to most transition metal oxides, and when utilized in a lithium-ion battery, the produced nanostructured materials are superior to their bulk counterparts and even comparable to those produced by conventional bottom-up approaches. Given its simplicity and scalability, this synthesis method could open a new avenue to the development of high-performance nanostructured electrode materials that can meet the industrial demand of cost-effectiveness for mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlee Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungwuk Kang
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Han
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Eun Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Dong Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Bang
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
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