1
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Fok AHK, Huang Y, So BWL, Zheng Q, Tse CSC, Li X, Wong KKY, Huang J, Lai KO, Lai CSW. KIF5B plays important roles in dendritic spine plasticity and dendritic localization of PSD95 and FMRP in the mouse cortex in vivo. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113906. [PMID: 38451812 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinesin 1 (KIF5) is one major type of motor protein in neurons, but its members' function in the intact brain remains less studied. Using in vivo two-photon imaging, we find that conditional knockout of Kif5b (KIF5B cKO) in CaMKIIα-Cre-expressing neurons shows heightened turnover and lower stability of dendritic spines in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons with reduced spine postsynaptic density protein 95 acquisition in the mouse cortex. Furthermore, the RNA-binding protein fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is translocated to the proximity of newly formed spines several hours before the spine formation events in vivo in control mice, but this preceding transport of FMRP is abolished in KIF5B cKO mice. We further find that FMRP is localized closer to newly formed spines after fear extinction, but this learning-dependent localization is disrupted in KIF5B cKO mice. Our findings provide the crucial in vivo evidence that KIF5B is involved in the dendritic targeting of synaptic proteins that underlies dendritic spine plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Hiu Ka Fok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Beth Wing Lam So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiyu Zheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Sing Carlos Tse
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth Kin-Yip Wong
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Clinical Oncology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Brain Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok-On Lai
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Cora Sau Wan Lai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Brain Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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2
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Chato-Astrain I, Pronot M, Coppola T, Martin S. Molecular Organization and Regulation of the Mammalian Synapse by the Post-Translational Modification SUMOylation. Cells 2024; 13:420. [PMID: 38474384 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmission occurs within highly specialized compartments forming the active synapse where the complex organization and dynamics of the interactions are tightly orchestrated both in time and space. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are central to these spatiotemporal regulations to ensure an efficient synaptic transmission. SUMOylation is a dynamic PTM that modulates the interactions between proteins and consequently regulates the conformation, the distribution and the trafficking of the SUMO-target proteins. SUMOylation plays a crucial role in synapse formation and stabilization, as well as in the regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity. In this review, we summarize the molecular consequences of this protein modification in the structural organization and function of the mammalian synapse. We also outline novel activity-dependent regulation and consequences of the SUMO process and explore how this protein modification can functionally participate in the compartmentalization of both pre- and post-synaptic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Chato-Astrain
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, IPMC, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Marie Pronot
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Thierry Coppola
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, IPMC, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, IPMC, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France
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3
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Wang Z, Qiao D, Chen H, Zhang S, Zhang B, Zhang J, Hu X, Wang C, Cui H, Wang X, Li S. Effects of Fmr1 Gene Mutations on Sex Differences in Autism-Like Behavior and Dendritic Spine Development in Mice and Transcriptomic Studies. Neuroscience 2023; 534:16-28. [PMID: 37852411 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common single gene disorder contributing to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although significant sex differences are observed in FXS, few studies have focused on the phenotypic characteristics as well as the differences in brain pathological changes and gene expression in FXS by sex. Therefore, we analyzed sex differences in autism-like behavior and dendritic spine development in two-month-old male and female Fmr1 KO and C57 mice and evaluated the mechanisms at transcriptome level. Results suggest that Fmr1 KO mice display sex differences in autism-like behavior and dendritic spine density. Compared to females, male had more severe effects on anxiety, repetitive stereotype-like behaviors, and socializing, with higher dendritic spine density. Furthermore, two male-biased and five female-biased expressed genes were screened based on KEGG pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. In conclusion, our findings show mutations in the Fmr1 gene lead to aberrant expression of related genes and affect the sex-differentiated behavioral phenotypes of Fmr1 KO mice by affecting brain development and functional architecture, and suggest future studies should focus on including female subjects to comprehensively reflect the differentiation of FXS in both sexes and develop more precise and effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dan Qiao
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shihua Zhang
- Grade 2018, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingbao Zhang
- Grade 2020, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangting Hu
- Grade 2020, Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Child Health (Psychological Behavior) Department, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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4
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Schorova L, Bedard N, Khayachi A, Ho HH, Bolivar-Pedroso J, Huynh J, Piccirelli M, Wang Y, Plourde M, Luo W, Del Cid-Pellitero E, Shlaifer I, Castellanos-Montiel MJ, Yu Z, Valenzuela DVC, Lacalle-Aurioles M, Kriz A, Ye Y, Durcan TM, Wing SS. USP19 deubiquitinase inactivation regulates α-synuclein ubiquitination and inhibits accumulation of Lewy body-like aggregates in mice. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:157. [PMID: 38017009 PMCID: PMC10684503 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The USP19 deubiquitinase is found in a locus associated with Parkinson's Disease (PD), interacts with chaperonins, and promotes secretion of α-synuclein (α-syn) through the misfolding-associated protein secretion (MAPS) pathway. Since these processes might modulate the processing of α-syn aggregates in PD, we inactivated USP19 (KO) in mice expressing the A53T mutation of α-syn and in whom α-syn preformed fibrils (PFF) had been injected in the striatum. Compared to WT, KO brains showed decreased accumulation of phospho-synuclein (pSyn) positive aggregates. This improvement was associated with less activation of microglia and improved performance in a tail-suspension test. Exposure of primary neurons from WT and KO mice to PFF in vitro also led to decreased accumulation of pSyn aggregates. KO did not affect uptake of PFF nor propagation of aggregates in the cultured neurons. We conclude that USP19 instead modulates intracellular dynamics of aggregates. At an early time following PFF injection when the number of pSyn-positive neurons were similar in WT and KO brains, the KO neurons contained less aggregates. KO brain aggregates stained more intensely with anti-ubiquitin antibodies. Immunoprecipitation of soluble proteins from WT and KO brains with antibodies to pSyn showed higher levels of ubiquitinated oligomeric species in the KO samples. We propose that the improved pathology in USP19 KO brains may arise from decreased formation or enhanced clearance of the more ubiquitinated aggregates and/or enhanced disassembly towards more soluble oligomeric species. USP19 inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic approach that targets the intracellular dynamics of α-syn complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Schorova
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bedard
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anouar Khayachi
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hung-Hsiang Ho
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joao Bolivar-Pedroso
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Huynh
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mikaela Piccirelli
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Plourde
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Irina Shlaifer
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - María José Castellanos-Montiel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ziqi Yu
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Anita Kriz
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yihong Ye
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Simon S Wing
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Bauer KE, de Queiroz BR, Kiebler MA, Besse F. RNA granules in neuronal plasticity and disease. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00104-2. [PMID: 37202301 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
RNA granules are dynamic entities controlling the spatiotemporal distribution and translation of RNA molecules. In neurons, a variety of RNA granules exist both in the soma and in cellular processes. They contain transcripts encoding signaling and synaptic proteins as well as RNA-binding proteins causally linked to several neurological disorders. In this review, we highlight that neuronal RNA granules exhibit properties of biomolecular condensates that are regulated upon maturation and physiological aging and how they are reversibly remodeled in response to neuronal activity to control local protein synthesis and ultimately synaptic plasticity. Moreover, we propose a framework of how neuronal RNA granules mature over time in healthy conditions and how they transition into pathological inclusions in the context of late-onset neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl E Bauer
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bruna R de Queiroz
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France
| | - Michael A Kiebler
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Florence Besse
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biologie Valrose, Nice, France.
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6
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CPEB3 low-complexity motif regulates local protein synthesis via protein-protein interactions in neuronal ribonucleoprotein granules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2114747120. [PMID: 36716374 PMCID: PMC9964033 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114747120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates, membraneless organelles found throughout the cell, play critical roles in many aspects of cellular function. Ribonucleoprotein granules (RNPs) are a type of biomolecular condensate necessary for local protein synthesis and are involved in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. Most of the proteins in RNPs possess low-complexity motifs (LCM), allowing for increased promiscuity of protein-protein interactions. Here, we describe the importance of protein-protein interactions mediated by the LCM of RNA-binding protein cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 3 (CPEB3). CPEB3 is necessary for long-term synaptic plasticity and memory persistence, but the mechanisms involved are still not completely elucidated. We now present key mechanisms involved in its regulation of synaptic plasticity. We find that CPEB3-LCM plays a role in appropriate local protein synthesis of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) targets, through crucial protein-protein interactions that drive localization to neuronal Decapping protein 1 (DCP1)-bodies. Translation-promoting CPEB3 and translation-inhibiting CPEB1 are packaged into neuronal RNP granules immediately after chemical long-term potentiation is induced, but only translation-promoting CPEB3 is repackaged to these organelles at later time points. This localization to neuronal RNP granules is critical for functional influence on translation as well as overall local protein synthesis (measured as α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) insertion into the membrane and localization to the synapse). We therefore conclude that protein-protein interaction between the LCM of CPEB3 plays a critical role in local protein synthesis by utilizing neuronal RNP granules.
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7
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Wang L, Wang B, Wu C, Wang J, Sun M. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Neurodevelopmental Risk Factors, Biological Mechanism, and Precision Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031819. [PMID: 36768153 PMCID: PMC9915249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous, behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder. Over the past two decades, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders has progressively increased, however, no clear diagnostic markers and specifically targeted medications for autism have emerged. As a result, neurobehavioral abnormalities, neurobiological alterations in ASD, and the development of novel ASD pharmacological therapy necessitate multidisciplinary collaboration. In this review, we discuss the development of multiple animal models of ASD to contribute to the disease mechanisms of ASD, as well as new studies from multiple disciplines to assess the behavioral pathology of ASD. In addition, we summarize and highlight the mechanistic advances regarding gene transcription, RNA and non-coding RNA translation, abnormal synaptic signaling pathways, epigenetic post-translational modifications, brain-gut axis, immune inflammation and neural loop abnormalities in autism to provide a theoretical basis for the next step of precision therapy. Furthermore, we review existing autism therapy tactics and limits and present challenges and opportunities for translating multidisciplinary knowledge of ASD into clinical practice.
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8
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Desprez F, Ung DC, Vourc’h P, Jeanne M, Laumonnier F. Contribution of the dihydropyrimidinase-like proteins family in synaptic physiology and in neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1154446. [PMID: 37144098 PMCID: PMC10153444 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1154446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dihydropyrimidinase-like (DPYSL) proteins, also designated as the collapsin response mediators (CRMP) proteins, constitute a family of five cytosolic phosphoproteins abundantly expressed in the developing nervous system but down-regulated in the adult mouse brain. The DPYSL proteins were initially identified as effectors of semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) signaling and consequently involved in regulation of growth cone collapse in young developing neurons. To date, it has been established that DPYSL proteins mediate signals for numerous intracellular/extracellular pathways and play major roles in variety of cellular process including cell migration, neurite extension, axonal guidance, dendritic spine development and synaptic plasticity through their phosphorylation status. The roles of DPYSL proteins at early stages of brain development have been described in the past years, particularly for DPYSL2 and DPYSL5 proteins. The recent characterization of pathogenic genetic variants in DPYSL2 and in DPYSL5 human genes associated with intellectual disability and brain malformations, such as agenesis of the corpus callosum and cerebellar dysplasia, highlighted the pivotal role of these actors in the fundamental processes of brain formation and organization. In this review, we sought to establish a detailed update on the knowledge regarding the functions of DPYSL genes and proteins in brain and to highlight their involvement in synaptic processing in later stages of neurodevelopment, as well as their particular contribution in human neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dévina C. Ung
- UMR1253, iBrain, Inserm, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc’h
- UMR1253, iBrain, Inserm, University of Tours, Tours, France
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours, France
| | - Médéric Jeanne
- UMR1253, iBrain, Inserm, University of Tours, Tours, France
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Laumonnier
- UMR1253, iBrain, Inserm, University of Tours, Tours, France
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours, France
- *Correspondence: Frédéric Laumonnier,
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9
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Kieffer F, Hilal F, Gay AS, Debayle D, Pronot M, Poupon G, Lacagne I, Bardoni B, Martin S, Gwizdek C. Combining affinity purification and mass spectrometry to define the network of the nuclear proteins interacting with the N-terminal region of FMRP. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:954087. [PMID: 36237573 PMCID: PMC9553004 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.954087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X-Syndrome (FXS) represents the most common inherited form of intellectual disability and the leading monogenic cause of Autism Spectrum Disorders. In most cases, this disease results from the absence of expression of the protein FMRP encoded by the FMR1 gene (Fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1). FMRP is mainly defined as a cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein regulating the local translation of thousands of target mRNAs. Interestingly, FMRP is also able to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. However, to date, its roles in the nucleus of mammalian neurons are just emerging. To broaden our insight into the contribution of nuclear FMRP in mammalian neuronal physiology, we identified here a nuclear interactome of the protein by combining subcellular fractionation of rat forebrains with pull‐ down affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis. By this approach, we listed 55 candidate nuclear partners. This interactome includes known nuclear FMRP-binding proteins as Adar or Rbm14 as well as several novel candidates, notably Ddx41, Poldip3, or Hnrnpa3 that we further validated by target‐specific approaches. Through our approach, we identified factors involved in different steps of mRNA biogenesis, as transcription, splicing, editing or nuclear export, revealing a potential central regulatory function of FMRP in the biogenesis of its target mRNAs. Therefore, our work considerably enlarges the nuclear proteins interaction network of FMRP in mammalian neurons and lays the basis for exciting future mechanistic studies deepening the roles of nuclear FMRP in neuronal physiology and the etiology of the FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félicie Kieffer
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Fahd Hilal
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gay
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Delphine Debayle
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Marie Pronot
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Gwénola Poupon
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Iliona Lacagne
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Carole Gwizdek
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
- *Correspondence: Carole Gwizdek,
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10
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Jeon P, Ham HJ, Park S, Lee JA. Regulation of Cellular Ribonucleoprotein Granules: From Assembly to Degradation via Post-translational Modification. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132063. [PMID: 35805146 PMCID: PMC9265587 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells possess membraneless ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules, including stress granules, processing bodies, Cajal bodies, or paraspeckles, that play physiological or pathological roles. RNP granules contain RNA and numerous RNA-binding proteins, transiently formed through the liquid–liquid phase separation. The assembly or disassembly of numerous RNP granules is strongly controlled to maintain their homeostasis and perform their cellular functions properly. Normal RNA granules are reversibly assembled, whereas abnormal RNP granules accumulate and associate with various neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes current studies on the physiological or pathological roles of post-translational modifications of various cellular RNP granules and discusses the therapeutic methods in curing diseases related to abnormal RNP granules by autophagy.
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11
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Pronot M, Poupon G, Pizzamiglio L, Prieto M, Chato-Astrain I, Lacagne I, Schorova L, Folci A, Brau F, Martin S. Bidirectional regulation of synaptic SUMOylation by Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:378. [PMID: 35739402 PMCID: PMC9226087 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification essential to cell homeostasis. A tightly controlled equilibrium between SUMOylation and deSUMOylation processes is also critical to the neuronal function including neurotransmitter release and synaptic transmission and plasticity. Disruption of the SUMOylation homeostasis in neurons is associated with several neurological disorders. The balance between the SUMOylation and deSUMOylation of substrate proteins is maintained by a group of deSUMOylation enzymes called SENPs. We previously showed that the activation of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu5R) first triggers a rapid increase in synaptic SUMOylation and then upon the sustained activation of these receptors, the deSUMOylase activity of SENP1 allows the increased synaptic SUMOylation to get back to basal levels. Here, we combined the use of pharmacological tools with subcellular fractionation and live-cell imaging of individual hippocampal dendritic spines to demonstrate that the synaptic accumulation of the deSUMOylation enzyme SENP1 is bidirectionally controlled by the activation of type 1 mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors. Indeed, the pharmacological blockade of mGlu1R activation during type 1 mGluR stimulation leads to a faster and greater accumulation of SENP1 at synapses indicating that mGlu1R acts as a brake to the mGlu5R-dependent deSUMOylation process at the post-synapse. Altogether, our findings reveal that type 1 mGluRs work in opposition to dynamically tune the homeostasis of SUMOylation at the mammalian synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pronot
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | - Marta Prieto
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France.
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12
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Wang X, Li F, Zhu J, Feng D, Shi Y, Qu L, Li Y, Guo K, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang N, Wang X, Ge S. Upregulation of Cell Division Cycle 20 Expression Alters the Morphology of Neuronal Dendritic Spines in the Nucleus Accumbens by Promoting FMRP Ubiquitination. J Neurochem 2022; 162:166-189. [PMID: 35621027 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is the key area of the reward circuit, but its heterogeneity has been poorly studied. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we revealed a subcluster of GABAergic neurons characterized by cell division cycle 20 (Cdc20) mRNA expression in the NAc of adult rats. We studied the coexpression of Cdc20 and Gad1 mRNA in the NAc neurons of adult rats and assessed Cdc20 protein expression in the NAc during rat development. Moreover, we microinjected AAV2/9-hSyn-Cdc20 with or without the dual-AAV system into the bilateral NAc for sparse labelling to observe changes in the synaptic morphology of mature neurons and assessed rat behaviours in open field and elevated plus maze tests. Furthermore, we performed the experiments with a Cdc20 inhibitor, Cdc20 overexpression AAV vector, and Cdc20 conditional knockout primary striatal neurons to understand the ubiquitination-dependent degradation of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in vitro and in vivo. We confirmed the mRNA expression of Cdc20 in the NAc GABAergic neurons of adult rats, and its protein level was decreased significantly 3 weeks post-birth. Upregulated Cdc20 expression in the bilateral NAc decreased the dendritic spine density in mature neurons and induced anxiety-like behaviour in rats. Cdc20-APC triggered FMRP degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination in Neuro-2a cells and primary striatal neurons and downregulated FMRP expression in the NAc of adult rats. These data revealed that upregulation of Cdc20 in the bilateral NAc reduced dendritic spine density and led to anxiety-like behaviours, possibly by enhancing FMRP degradation via K48-linked polyubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dayun Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingwu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Naigeng Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shunnan Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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13
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FMRP Sustains Presynaptic Function via Control of Activity-Dependent Bulk Endocytosis. J Neurosci 2022; 42:1618-1628. [PMID: 34996816 PMCID: PMC8883869 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0852-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling is essential for the maintenance of neurotransmission, with a number of neurodevelopmental disorders linked to defects in this process. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) results from a loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) encoded by the FMR1 gene. Hyperexcitability of neuronal circuits is a key feature of FXS, therefore we investigated whether SV recycling was affected by the absence of FMRP during increased neuronal activity. We revealed that primary neuronal cultures from male Fmr1 knock-out (KO) rats display a specific defect in activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE). ADBE is dominant during intense neuronal activity, and this defect resulted in an inability of Fmr1 KO neurons to sustain SV recycling during trains of high-frequency stimulation. Using a molecular replacement strategy, we also revealed that a human FMRP mutant that cannot bind BK channels failed to correct ADBE dysfunction in KO neurons, however this dysfunction was corrected by BK channel agonists. Therefore, FMRP performs a key role in sustaining neurotransmitter release via selective control of ADBE, suggesting intervention via this endocytosis mode may correct the hyperexcitability observed in FXS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) results in fragile X syndrome (FXS), however whether its loss has a direct role in neurotransmitter release remains a matter of debate. We demonstrate that neurons lacking FMRP display a specific defect in a mechanism that sustains neurotransmitter release during intense neuronal firing, called activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE). This discovery provides key insights into mechanisms of brain communication that occur because of loss of FMRP function. Importantly it also reveals ADBE as a potential therapeutic target to correct the circuit hyperexcitability observed in FXS.
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14
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Pronot M, Kieffer F, Gay AS, Debayle D, Forquet R, Poupon G, Schorova L, Martin S, Gwizdek C. Proteomic Identification of an Endogenous Synaptic SUMOylome in the Developing Rat Brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:780535. [PMID: 34887727 PMCID: PMC8650717 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.780535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapses are highly specialized structures that interconnect neurons to form functional networks dedicated to neuronal communication. During brain development, synapses undergo activity-dependent rearrangements leading to both structural and functional changes. Many molecular processes are involved in this regulation, including post-translational modifications by the Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier SUMO. To get a wider view of the panel of endogenous synaptic SUMO-modified proteins in the mammalian brain, we combined subcellular fractionation of rat brains at the post-natal day 14 with denaturing immunoprecipitation using SUMO2/3 antibodies and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Our screening identified 803 candidate SUMO2/3 targets, which represents about 18% of the synaptic proteome. Our dataset includes neurotransmitter receptors, transporters, adhesion molecules, scaffolding proteins as well as vesicular trafficking and cytoskeleton-associated proteins, defining SUMO2/3 as a central regulator of the synaptic organization and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pronot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Félicie Kieffer
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gay
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Delphine Debayle
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Raphaël Forquet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Gwénola Poupon
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Lenka Schorova
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Carole Gwizdek
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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15
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Yamada S, Sato A, Ishihara N, Akiyama H, Sakakibara SI. Drp1 SUMO/deSUMOylation by Senp5 isoforms influences ER tubulation and mitochondrial dynamics to regulate brain development. iScience 2021; 24:103484. [PMID: 34988397 PMCID: PMC8710555 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yamada
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sato
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Naotada Ishihara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Hiroki Akiyama
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
- Corresponding author
| | - Shin-ichi Sakakibara
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
- Corresponding author
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16
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Yang K, Shi Y, Du X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shan S, Yuan Y, Wang R, Zhou C, Liu Y, Cai Z, Wang Y, Fan L, Xu H, Yu J, Cheng J, Li F, Qiu Z. SENP1 in the retrosplenial agranular cortex regulates core autistic-like symptoms in mice. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109939. [PMID: 34731627 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder, causing defects of social interaction and repetitive behaviors. Here, we identify a de novo heterozygous gene-truncating mutation of the Sentrin-specific peptidase1 (SENP1) gene in people with ASD without neurodevelopmental delay. We find that Senp1+/- mice exhibit core autistic-like symptoms such as social deficits and repetitive behaviors but normal learning and memory ability. Moreover, we find that inhibitory and excitatory synaptic functions are severely affected in the retrosplenial agranular (RSA) cortex of Senp1+/- mice. Lack of Senp1 leads to increased SUMOylation and degradation of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), also implicated in syndromic ASD. Importantly, re-introducing SENP1 or FMRP specifically in RSA fully rescues the defects of synaptic function and autistic-like symptoms of Senp1+/- mice. Together, these results demonstrate that disruption of the SENP1-FMRP regulatory axis in the RSA causes autistic symptoms, providing a candidate region for ASD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yuhan Shi
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiujuan Du
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200049, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuefang Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shifang Shan
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yiting Yuan
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ruoqing Wang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Zhiyuan College, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chenhuan Zhou
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Zhiyuan College, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zilin Cai
- Zhiyuan College, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liu Fan
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huatai Xu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Juehua Yu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200049, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Jinke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioural Pediatric & Child Primary Care, Brain and Behavioural Research Unit of Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research and MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200049, China.
| | - Zilong Qiu
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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17
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Hecw controls oogenesis and neuronal homeostasis by promoting the liquid state of ribonucleoprotein particles. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5488. [PMID: 34531401 PMCID: PMC8446043 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Specialised ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are a hallmark of polarized cells, like neurons and germ cells. Among their main functions is the spatial and temporal modulation of the activity of specific mRNA transcripts that allow specification of primary embryonic axes. While RNPs composition and role are well established, their regulation is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that Hecw, a newly identified Drosophila ubiquitin ligase, is a key modulator of RNPs in oogenesis and neurons. Hecw depletion leads to the formation of enlarged granules that transition from a liquid to a gel-like state. Loss of Hecw activity results in defective oogenesis, premature aging and climbing defects associated with neuronal loss. At the molecular level, reduced ubiquitination of the Fmrp impairs its translational repressor activity, resulting in altered Orb expression in nurse cells and Profilin in neurons. Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are responsible for mRNA transport and local translation required for neuronal and oocyte maturation. Here the authors show that loss of the Drosophila Ub ligase Hecw enlarges RNP granules, leads to a liquid to gel-like transition, and results in defective oogenesis and neuronal loss.
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18
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Meng L, Du CP, Lu CY, Zhang K, Li L, Yan JZ, Hou XY. Neuronal activity-induced SUMOylation of Akt1 by PIAS3 is required for long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21769. [PMID: 34288124 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002728r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal activity regulates spatial distribution of the SUMOylation system in cytosolic and dendritic sites, which has been implicated in learning, memory, and underlying synaptic structural and functional remodeling in the hippocampus. However, the functional target proteins for activated small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) and downstream molecular consequences behind long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic plasticity remain to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neuronal activity induced the covalent modification of cytosolic Akt1 by small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) in rat cortical and hippocampal CA1 neurons. Protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) was involved in the activity-induced Akt1 SUMO1-ylation, and K64 and K276 residues were major SUMOylated sites. Importantly, Akt1 SUMOylation at K64 and K276 enhanced its enzymatic activity and facilitated T308 phosphorylation. Furthermore, the N-terminal SAP domain of PIAS3 bound Akt1 directly. The disruption of Akt1-PIAS3 interaction by Tat-SAP, a synthetic Tat-fused cell-permeable peptide containing PIAS3 SAP domain, inhibited neuronal activity-induced Akt1 SUMOylation and impaired LTP expression and late phase LTP maintenance in the hippocampus. Correlatedly, Tat-SAP not only blocked the LTP-related extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-Elk-1-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/Arc signaling, but also disrupted mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) pathway. These findings reveal an activity-induced Akt1 SUMOylation by PIAS3 that contributes to ERK1/2-BDNF/Arc and mTOR-4E-BP1 cascades, and in turn, long-lasting excitatory synaptic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cai-Ping Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yuan Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Zhi Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Khayachi A, Ase A, Liao C, Kamesh A, Kuhlmann N, Schorova L, Chaumette B, Dion P, Alda M, Séguéla P, Rouleau G, Milnerwood A. Chronic lithium treatment alters the excitatory/ inhibitory balance of synaptic networks and reduces mGluR5-PKC signalling in mouse cortical neurons. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E402-E414. [PMID: 34077150 PMCID: PMC8327978 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bipolar disorder is characterized by cyclical alternation between mania and depression, often comorbid with psychosis and suicide. Compared with other medications, the mood stabilizer lithium is the most effective treatment for the prevention of manic and depressive episodes. However, the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and lithium’s mode of action are yet to be fully understood. Evidence suggests a change in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity, favouring excitation in bipolar disorder. In the present study, we sought to establish a holistic understanding of the neuronal consequences of lithium exposure in mouse cortical neurons, and to identify underlying mechanisms of action. Methods We used a range of technical approaches to determine the effects of acute and chronic lithium treatment on mature mouse cortical neurons. We combined RNA screening and biochemical and electrophysiological approaches with confocal immunofluorescence and live-cell calcium imaging. Results We found that only chronic lithium treatment significantly reduced intracellular calcium flux, specifically by activating metabotropic glutamatergic receptor 5. This was associated with altered phosphorylation of protein kinase C and glycogen synthase kinase 3, reduced neuronal excitability and several alterations to synapse function. Consequently, lithium treatment shifts the excitatory–inhibitory balance toward inhibition. Limitations The mechanisms we identified should be validated in future by similar experiments in whole animals and human neurons. Conclusion Together, the results revealed how lithium dampens neuronal excitability and the activity of the glutamatergic network, both of which are predicted to be overactive in the manic phase of bipolar disorder. Our working model of lithium action enables the development of targeted strategies to restore the balance of overactive networks, mimicking the therapeutic benefits of lithium but with reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouar Khayachi
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Ariel Ase
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Calwing Liao
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Anusha Kamesh
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Naila Kuhlmann
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Lenka Schorova
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Boris Chaumette
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Patrick Dion
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Martin Alda
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Philippe Séguéla
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Guy Rouleau
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
| | - Austen Milnerwood
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Khayachi, Ase, Liao, Kamesh, Kuhlmann, Dion, Séguéla Rouleau, Milnerwood); the Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Que., Canada (Rouleau); McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montréal, Que., Canada (Schorova); the Université de Paris, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France (Chaumette); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal Que., Canada (Chaumette); and the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada (Alda)
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20
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Khayachi A, Schorova L, Alda M, Rouleau GA, Milnerwood AJ. Posttranslational modifications & lithium's therapeutic effect-Potential biomarkers for clinical responses in psychiatric & neurodegenerative disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:424-445. [PMID: 33971223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders display aberrant posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of one, or many, proteins. Lithium treatment has been used for mood stabilization for many decades, and is highly effective for large subsets of patients with diverse neurological conditions. However, the differential effectiveness and mode of action are not fully understood. In recent years, studies have shown that lithium alters several protein PTMs, altering their function, and consequently neuronal physiology. The impetus for this review is to outline the links between lithium's therapeutic mode of action and PTM homeostasis. We first provide an overview of the principal PTMs affected by lithium. We then describe several neuropsychiatric disorders in which PTMs have been implicated as pathogenic. For each of these conditions, we discuss lithium's clinical use and explore the putative mechanism of how it restores PTM homeostasis, and thereby cellular physiology. Evidence suggests that determining specific PTM patterns could be a promising strategy to develop biomarkers for disease and lithium responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khayachi
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - L Schorova
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - G A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - A J Milnerwood
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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21
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Vandenberg GG, Dawson NJ, Head A, Scott GR, Scott AL. Astrocyte-mediated disruption of ROS homeostasis in Fragile X mouse model. Neurochem Int 2021; 146:105036. [PMID: 33785420 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes, glial cells within the brain, work to protect neurons during high levels of activity by maintaining oxidative homeostasis via regulation of energy supply and antioxidant systems. In recent years, mitochondrial dysfunction has been highlighted as an underlying factor of pathology in many neurological disorders. In animal studies of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the leading genetic cause of autism, higher levels of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation within the brain indicates that mitochondria function is also altered in FXS. Despite their integral contribution to redox homeostasis within the CNS, the role of astrocytes on the occurrence or progression of neurodevelopmental disorders in this way is rarely considered. This study specifically examines changes to astrocyte mitochondrial function and antioxidant expression that may occur in FXS. Using the Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse model, mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) emission were analyzed in primary cortical astrocytes. While mitochondrial respiration was similar between genotypes, ROS emission was significantly elevated in Fmr1 KO astrocytes. Notably, NADPH-oxidase 2 expression in Fmr1 KO astrocytes was also enhanced but only changes in catalase antioxidant enzyme expression were noted. Characterization of astrocyte factors involved in redox imbalance is invaluable to uncovering potential sources of oxidative stress in neurodevelopmental disorders and more specifically, the intercellular mechanisms that contribute to dysfunction in FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory G Vandenberg
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Neal J Dawson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Alison Head
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Graham R Scott
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Angela L Scott
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
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22
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Di Marco B, Dell'Albani P, D'Antoni S, Spatuzza M, Bonaccorso CM, Musumeci SA, Drago F, Bardoni B, Catania MV. Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) control stress granule formation in astrocytes. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 154:105338. [PMID: 33775821 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a common form of intellectual disability and autism caused by the lack of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein involved in RNA transport and protein synthesis. Upon cellular stress, global protein synthesis is blocked and mRNAs are recruited into stress granules (SGs), together with RNA-binding proteins including FMRP. Activation of group-I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors stimulates FMRP-mediated mRNA transport and protein synthesis, but their role in SGs formation is unexplored. To this aim, we pre-treated wild type (WT) and Fmr1 knockout (KO) cultured astrocytes with the group-I-mGlu receptor agonist (S)-3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) and exposed them to sodium arsenite (NaAsO2), a widely used inducer of SGs formation. In WT cultures the activation of group-I mGlu receptors reduced SGs formation and recruitment of FMRP into SGs, and also attenuated phosphorylation of eIF2α, a key event crucially involved in SGs formation and inhibition of protein synthesis. In contrast, Fmr1 KO astrocytes, which exhibited a lower number of SGs than WT astrocytes, did not respond to agonist stimulation. Interestingly, the mGlu5 receptor negative allosteric modulator (NAM) 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP) antagonized DHPG-mediated SGs reduction in WT and reversed SGs formation in Fmr1 KO cultures. Our findings reveal a novel function of mGlu5 receptor as modulator of SGs formation and open new perspectives for understanding cellular response to stress in FXS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Di Marco
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation - The National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - P Dell'Albani
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation - The National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - S D'Antoni
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation - The National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - M Spatuzza
- Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | | | | | - F Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotecnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - B Bardoni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS UMR7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Valbonne 06560, France
| | - M V Catania
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation - The National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy; Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
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23
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Prieto M, Folci A, Poupon G, Schiavi S, Buzzelli V, Pronot M, François U, Pousinha P, Lattuada N, Abelanet S, Castagnola S, Chafai M, Khayachi A, Gwizdek C, Brau F, Deval E, Francolini M, Bardoni B, Humeau Y, Trezza V, Martin S. Missense mutation of Fmr1 results in impaired AMPAR-mediated plasticity and socio-cognitive deficits in mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1557. [PMID: 33692361 PMCID: PMC7946954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most frequent form of inherited intellectual disability and the best-described monogenic cause of autism. CGG-repeat expansion in the FMR1 gene leads to FMR1 silencing, loss-of-expression of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP), and is a common cause of FXS. Missense mutations in the FMR1 gene were also identified in FXS patients, including the recurrent FMRP-R138Q mutation. To investigate the mechanisms underlying FXS caused by this mutation, we generated a knock-in mouse model (Fmr1R138Q) expressing the FMRP-R138Q protein. We demonstrate that, in the hippocampus of the Fmr1R138Q mice, neurons show an increased spine density associated with synaptic ultrastructural defects and increased AMPA receptor-surface expression. Combining biochemical assays, high-resolution imaging, electrophysiological recordings, and behavioural testing, we also show that the R138Q mutation results in impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation and socio-cognitive deficits in mice. These findings reveal the functional impact of the FMRP-R138Q mutation in a mouse model of FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Prieto
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Marie Pronot
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | - Norma Lattuada
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Magda Chafai
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | | | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Maura Francolini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Yann Humeau
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IINS, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.
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24
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Holm KN, Herren AW, Taylor SL, Randol JL, Kim K, Espinal G, Martiínez-Cerdeño V, Pessah IN, Hagerman RJ, Hagerman PJ. Human Cerebral Cortex Proteome of Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:600840. [PMID: 33585555 PMCID: PMC7879451 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.600840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder associated with premutation CGG-repeat expansions (55–200 repeats) in the 5′ non-coding portion of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. Core features of FXTAS include progressive tremor/ataxia, cognitive decline, variable brain volume loss, and white matter disease. The principal histopathological feature of FXTAS is the presence of central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS intranuclear inclusions. Objective: To further elucidate the molecular underpinnings of FXTAS through the proteomic characterization of human FXTAS cortexes. Results: Proteomic analysis of FXTAS brain cortical tissue (n = 8) identified minor differences in protein abundance compared to control brains (n = 6). Significant differences in FXTAS relative to control brain predominantly involved decreased abundance of proteins, with the greatest decreases observed for tenascin-C (TNC), cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), and phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1); proteins typically increased in other neurodegenerative diseases. Proteins with the greatest increased abundance include potentially novel neurodegeneration-related proteins and small ubiquitin-like modifier 1/2 (SUMO1/2). The FMRpolyG peptide, proposed in models of FXTAS pathogenesis but only identified in trace amounts in the earlier study of FXTAS inclusions, was not identified in any of the FXTAS or control brains in the current study. Discussion: The observed proteomic shifts, while generally relatively modest, do show a bias toward decreased protein abundance with FXTAS. Such shifts in protein abundance also suggest altered RNA binding as well as loss of cell–cell adhesion/structural integrity. Unlike other neurodegenerative diseases, the proteome of end-stage FXTAS does not suggest a strong inflammation-mediated degenerative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Nichole Holm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Anthony W Herren
- Mass Spectrometry Research Core, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sandra L Taylor
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Jamie L Randol
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.,Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Glenda Espinal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Verónica Martiínez-Cerdeño
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Isaac N Pessah
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Randi J Hagerman
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Paul J Hagerman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.,Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States
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25
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Henley JM, Seager R, Nakamura Y, Talandyte K, Nair J, Wilkinson KA. SUMOylation of synaptic and synapse-associated proteins: An update. J Neurochem 2021; 156:145-161. [PMID: 32538470 PMCID: PMC8218484 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification that regulates protein signalling and complex formation by adjusting the conformation or protein-protein interactions of the substrate protein. There is a compelling and rapidly expanding body of evidence that, in addition to SUMOylation of nuclear proteins, SUMOylation of extranuclear proteins contributes to the control of neuronal development, neuronal stress responses and synaptic transmission and plasticity. In this brief review we provide an update of recent developments in the identification of synaptic and synapse-associated SUMO target proteins and discuss the cell biological and functional implications of these discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M. Henley
- School of BiochemistryCentre for Synaptic PlasticityUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUK
| | - Richard Seager
- School of BiochemistryCentre for Synaptic PlasticityUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUK
| | - Yasuko Nakamura
- School of BiochemistryCentre for Synaptic PlasticityUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUK
| | - Karolina Talandyte
- School of BiochemistryCentre for Synaptic PlasticityUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUK
| | - Jithin Nair
- School of BiochemistryCentre for Synaptic PlasticityUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUK
| | - Kevin A. Wilkinson
- School of BiochemistryCentre for Synaptic PlasticityUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUK
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26
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Lu JX, Wang Y, Zhang YJ, Shen MF, Li HY, Yu ZQ, Chen G. Axonal mRNA localization and local translation in neurodegenerative disease. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1950-1957. [PMID: 33642365 PMCID: PMC8343310 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.308074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of mRNA localization and local translation play vital roles in the maintenance of cellular structure and function. Many human neurodegenerative diseases, such as fragile X syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and spinal muscular atrophy, have been characterized by pathological changes in neuronal axons, including abnormal mRNA translation, the loss of protein expression, or abnormal axon transport. Moreover, the same protein and mRNA molecules have been associated with variable functions in different diseases due to differences in their interaction networks. In this review, we briefly examine fragile X syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and spinal muscular atrophy, with a focus on disease pathogenesis with regard to local mRNA translation and axon transport, suggesting possible treatment directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei-Fen Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Ying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng-Quan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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Marmor-Kollet H, Siany A, Kedersha N, Knafo N, Rivkin N, Danino YM, Moens TG, Olender T, Sheban D, Cohen N, Dadosh T, Addadi Y, Ravid R, Eitan C, Toth Cohen B, Hofmann S, Riggs CL, Advani VM, Higginbottom A, Cooper-Knock J, Hanna JH, Merbl Y, Van Den Bosch L, Anderson P, Ivanov P, Geiger T, Hornstein E. Spatiotemporal Proteomic Analysis of Stress Granule Disassembly Using APEX Reveals Regulation by SUMOylation and Links to ALS Pathogenesis. Mol Cell 2020; 80:876-891.e6. [PMID: 33217318 PMCID: PMC7816607 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic assemblies of proteins and non-translating mRNAs. Whereas much has been learned about SG formation, a major gap remains in understanding the compositional changes SGs undergo during normal disassembly and under disease conditions. Here, we address this gap by proteomic dissection of the SG temporal disassembly sequence using multi-bait APEX proximity proteomics. We discover 109 novel SG proteins and characterize distinct SG substructures. We reveal dozens of disassembly-engaged proteins (DEPs), some of which play functional roles in SG disassembly, including small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugating enzymes. We further demonstrate that SUMOylation regulates SG disassembly and SG formation. Parallel proteomics with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-associated C9ORF72 dipeptides uncovered attenuated DEP recruitment during SG disassembly and impaired SUMOylation. Accordingly, SUMO activity ameliorated C9ORF72-ALS-related neurodegeneration in Drosophila. By dissecting the SG spatiotemporal proteomic landscape, we provide an in-depth resource for future work on SG function and reveal basic and disease-relevant mechanisms of SG disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Marmor-Kollet
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Aviad Siany
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nancy Kedersha
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Naama Knafo
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Natalia Rivkin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yehuda M Danino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Thomas G Moens
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daoud Sheban
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nir Cohen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tali Dadosh
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yoseph Addadi
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Revital Ravid
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Chen Eitan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Beata Toth Cohen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Claire L Riggs
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vivek M Advani
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adrian Higginbottom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jacob H Hanna
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yifat Merbl
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Anderson
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pavel Ivanov
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity, and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
| | - Eran Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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28
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Wada Y, Maekawa M, Ohnishi T, Balan S, Matsuoka S, Iwamoto K, Iwayama Y, Ohba H, Watanabe A, Hisano Y, Nozaki Y, Toyota T, Shimogori T, Itokawa M, Kobayashi T, Yoshikawa T. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α as a novel therapeutic target for schizophrenia. EBioMedicine 2020; 62:103130. [PMID: 33279456 PMCID: PMC7728824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of schizophrenia, a major psychiatric disorder, remains elusive. In this study, the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)/retinoid X receptor (RXR) families, belonging to the ligand-activated nuclear receptor superfamily, in schizophrenia, was analyzed. METHODS The PPAR/RXR family genes were screened by exploiting molecular inversion probe (MIP)-based targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) using the samples of 1,200 Japanese patients with schizophrenia. The results were compared with the whole-genome sequencing databases of the Japanese cohort (ToMMo) and the gnomAD. To reveal the relationship between PPAR/RXR dysfunction and schizophrenia, Ppara KO mice and fenofibrate (a clinically used PPARα agonist)-administered mice were assessed by performing behavioral, histological, and RNA-seq analyses. FINDINGS Our findings indicate that c.209-2delA, His117Gln, Arg141Cys, and Arg226Trp of the PPARA gene are risk variants for schizophrenia. The c.209-2delA variant generated a premature termination codon. The three missense variants significantly decreased the activity of PPARα as a transcription factor in vitro. The Ppara KO mice exhibited schizophrenia-relevant phenotypes, including behavioral deficits and impaired synaptogenesis in the cerebral cortex. Oral administration of fenofibrate alleviated spine pathology induced by phencyclidine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Furthermore, pre-treatment with fenofibrate suppressed the sensitivity of mice to another NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801. RNA-seq analysis revealed that PPARα regulates the expression of synaptogenesis signaling pathway-related genes. INTERPRETATION The findings of this study indicate that the mechanisms underlying schizophrenia pathogenesis involve PPARα-regulated transcriptional machinery and modulation of synapse physiology. Hence, PPARα can serve as a novel therapeutic target for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuina Wada
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Motoko Maekawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Ohnishi
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shabeesh Balan
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - Kazuya Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Iwayama
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisako Ohba
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasuko Hisano
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yayoi Nozaki
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoko Toyota
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimogori
- Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masanari Itokawa
- Center for Medical Cooperation, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tetsuyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
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29
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Arsenault J, Hooper AWM, Gholizadeh S, Kong T, Pacey LK, Koxhioni E, Niibori Y, Eubanks JH, Wang LY, Hampson DR. Interregulation between fragile X mental retardation protein and methyl CpG binding protein 2 in the mouse posterior cerebral cortex. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3744-3756. [PMID: 33084871 PMCID: PMC7861017 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Several X-linked neurodevelopmental disorders including Rett syndrome, induced by mutations in the MECP2 gene, and fragile X syndrome (FXS), caused by mutations in the FMR1 gene, share autism-related features. The mRNA coding for methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) has previously been identified as a substrate for the mRNA-binding protein, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which is silenced in FXS. Here, we report a homeostatic relationship between these two key regulators of gene expression in mouse models of FXS (Fmr1 Knockout (KO)) and Rett syndrome (MeCP2 KO). We found that the level of MeCP2 protein in the cerebral cortex was elevated in Fmr1 KO mice, whereas MeCP2 KO mice displayed reduced levels of FMRP, implicating interplay between the activities of MeCP2 and FMRP. Indeed, knockdown of MeCP2 with short hairpin RNAs led to a reduction of FMRP in mouse Neuro2A and in human HEK-293 cells, suggesting a reciprocal coupling in the expression level of these two regulatory proteins. Intra-cerebroventricular injection of an adeno-associated viral vector coding for FMRP led to a concomitant reduction in MeCP2 expression in vivo and partially corrected locomotor hyperactivity. Additionally, the level of MeCP2 in the posterior cortex correlated with the severity of the hyperactive phenotype in Fmr1 KO mice. These results demonstrate that MeCP2 and FMRP operate within a previously undefined homeostatic relationship. Our findings also suggest that MeCP2 overexpression in Fmr1 KO mouse posterior cerebral cortex may contribute to the fragile X locomotor hyperactivity phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Arsenault
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Alexander W M Hooper
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Shervin Gholizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Tian Kong
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Laura K Pacey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Enea Koxhioni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Yosuke Niibori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - James H Eubanks
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
| | - Lu-Yang Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - David R Hampson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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30
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Schieweck R, Ninkovic J, Kiebler MA. RNA-binding proteins balance brain function in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:1309-1370. [PMID: 33000986 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00047.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranscriptional gene expression including splicing, RNA transport, translation, and RNA decay provides an important regulatory layer in many if not all molecular pathways. Research in the last decades has positioned RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) right in the center of posttranscriptional gene regulation. Here, we propose interdependent networks of RBPs to regulate complex pathways within the central nervous system (CNS). These are involved in multiple aspects of neuronal development and functioning, including higher cognition. Therefore, it is not sufficient to unravel the individual contribution of a single RBP and its consequences but rather to study and understand the tight interplay between different RBPs. In this review, we summarize recent findings in the field of RBP biology and discuss the complex interplay between different RBPs. Second, we emphasize the underlying dynamics within an RBP network and how this might regulate key processes such as neurogenesis, synaptic transmission, and synaptic plasticity. Importantly, we envision that dysfunction of specific RBPs could lead to perturbation within the RBP network. This would have direct and indirect (compensatory) effects in mRNA binding and translational control leading to global changes in cellular expression programs in general and in synaptic plasticity in particular. Therefore, we focus on RBP dysfunction and how this might cause neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Based on recent findings, we propose that alterations in the entire regulatory RBP network might account for phenotypic dysfunctions observed in complex diseases including neurodegeneration, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Schieweck
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jovica Ninkovic
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael A Kiebler
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Department for Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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31
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Clifton NE, Thomas KL, Wilkinson LS, Hall J, Trent S. FMRP and CYFIP1 at the Synapse and Their Role in Psychiatric Vulnerability. Complex Psychiatry 2020; 6:5-19. [PMID: 34883502 PMCID: PMC7673588 DOI: 10.1159/000506858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing awareness of the role genetic risk variants have in mediating vulnerability to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Many of these risk variants encode synaptic proteins, influencing biological pathways of the postsynaptic density and, ultimately, synaptic plasticity. Fragile-X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) and cytoplasmic fragile-X mental retardation protein (FMRP)-interacting protein 1 (CYFIP1) contain 2 such examples of highly penetrant risk variants and encode synaptic proteins with shared functional significance. In this review, we discuss the biological actions of FMRP and CYFIP1, including their regulation of (i) protein synthesis and specifically FMRP targets, (ii) dendritic and spine morphology, and (iii) forms of synaptic plasticity such as long-term depression. We draw upon a range of preclinical studies that have used genetic dosage models of FMR1 and CYFIP1 to determine their biological function. In parallel, we discuss how clinical studies of fragile X syndrome or 15q11.2 deletion patients have informed our understanding of FMRP and CYFIP1, and highlight the latest psychiatric genomic findings that continue to implicate FMRP and CYFIP1. Lastly, we assess the current limitations in our understanding of FMRP and CYFIP1 biology and how they must be addressed before mechanism-led therapeutic strategies can be developed for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E. Clifton
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Kerrie L. Thomas
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence S. Wilkinson
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Trent
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
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32
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Majumder M, Johnson RH, Palanisamy V. Fragile X-related protein family: a double-edged sword in neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 55:409-424. [PMID: 32878499 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1810621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fragile X-related (FXR) family proteins FMRP, FXR1, and FXR2 are RNA binding proteins that play a critical role in RNA metabolism, neuronal plasticity, and muscle development. These proteins share significant homology in their protein domains, which are functionally and structurally similar to each other. FXR family members are known to play an essential role in causing fragile X mental retardation syndrome (FXS), the most common genetic form of autism spectrum disorder. Recent advances in our understanding of this family of proteins have occurred in tandem with discoveries of great importance to neurological disorders and cancer biology via the identification of their novel RNA and protein targets. Herein, we review the FXR family of proteins as they pertain to FXS, other mental illnesses, and cancer. We emphasize recent findings and analyses that suggest contrasting functions of this protein family in FXS and tumorigenesis based on their expression patterns in human tissues. Finally, we discuss current gaps in our knowledge regarding the FXR protein family and their role in FXS and cancer and suggest future studies to facilitate bench to bedside translation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoyee Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Roger H Johnson
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Viswanathan Palanisamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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33
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Abstract
RNA-binding proteins are a critical group of multifunctional proteins that precisely regulate all aspects of gene expression, from alternative splicing to mRNA trafficking, stability, and translation. Converging evidence highlights aberrant RNA metabolism as a common pathogenic mechanism in several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. However, dysregulation of disease-linked RNA-binding proteins results in widespread, often tissue-specific and/or pleiotropic effects on the transcriptome, making it challenging to determine the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to disease pathogenesis. Understanding how splicing misregulation as well as alterations of mRNA stability and localization impact the activity and function of neuronal proteins is fundamental to addressing neurodevelopmental defects and synaptic dysfunction in disease. Here we highlight recent exciting studies that use high-throughput transcriptomic analysis and advanced genetic, cell biological, and imaging approaches to dissect the role of disease-linked RNA-binding proteins on different RNA processing steps. We focus specifically on efforts to elucidate the functional consequences of aberrant RNA processing on neuronal morphology, synaptic activity and plasticity in development and disease. We also consider new areas of investigation that will elucidate the molecular mechanisms RNA-binding proteins use to achieve spatiotemporal control of gene expression for neuronal homeostasis and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavanie Prashad
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Experimental Pathology Graduate Group, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pallavi P Gopal
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Experimental Pathology Graduate Group, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Center for RNA Science and Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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34
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Folci A, Mirabella F, Fossati M. Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Proteins in the Critical Equilibrium between Synapse Physiology and Intellectual Disability. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0137-20.2020. [PMID: 32719102 PMCID: PMC7544190 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0137-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) represent a dynamic regulatory system that precisely modulates the functional organization of synapses. PTMs consist in target modifications by small chemical moieties or conjugation of lipids, sugars or polypeptides. Among them, ubiquitin and a large family of ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) share several features such as the structure of the small protein modifiers, the enzymatic cascades mediating the conjugation process, and the targeted aminoacidic residue. In the brain, ubiquitination and two UBLs, namely sumoylation and the recently discovered neddylation orchestrate fundamental processes including synapse formation, maturation and plasticity, and their alteration is thought to contribute to the development of neurological disorders. Remarkably, emerging evidence suggests that these pathways tightly interplay to modulate the function of several proteins that possess pivotal roles for brain homeostasis as well as failure of this crosstalk seems to be implicated in the development of brain pathologies. In this review, we outline the role of ubiquitination, sumoylation, neddylation, and their functional interplay in synapse physiology and discuss their implication in the molecular pathogenesis of intellectual disability (ID), a neurodevelopmental disorder that is frequently comorbid with a wide spectrum of brain pathologies. Finally, we propose a few outlooks that might contribute to better understand the complexity of these regulatory systems in regard to neuronal circuit pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Folci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Filippo Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve 9 Emanuele - Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Fossati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- CNR-Institute of Neuroscience, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (MI), Italy
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35
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Lottes EN, Cox DN. Homeostatic Roles of the Proteostasis Network in Dendrites. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:264. [PMID: 33013325 PMCID: PMC7461941 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is indispensable to the survival and function of all cells. Distinct from other cell types, neurons are long-lived, exhibiting architecturally complex and diverse multipolar projection morphologies that can span great distances. These properties present unique demands on proteostatic machinery to dynamically regulate the neuronal proteome in both space and time. Proteostasis is regulated by a distributed network of cellular processes, the proteostasis network (PN), which ensures precise control of protein synthesis, native conformational folding and maintenance, and protein turnover and degradation, collectively safeguarding proteome integrity both under homeostatic conditions and in the contexts of cellular stress, aging, and disease. Dendrites are equipped with distributed cellular machinery for protein synthesis and turnover, including dendritically trafficked ribosomes, chaperones, and autophagosomes. The PN can be subdivided into an adaptive network of three major functional pathways that synergistically govern protein quality control through the action of (1) protein synthesis machinery; (2) maintenance mechanisms including molecular chaperones involved in protein folding; and (3) degradative pathways (e.g., Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS), endolysosomal pathway, and autophagy. Perturbations in any of the three arms of proteostasis can have dramatic effects on neurons, especially on their dendrites, which require tightly controlled homeostasis for proper development and maintenance. Moreover, the critical importance of the PN as a cell surveillance system against protein dyshomeostasis has been highlighted by extensive work demonstrating that the aggregation and/or failure to clear aggregated proteins figures centrally in many neurological disorders. While these studies demonstrate the relevance of derangements in proteostasis to human neurological disease, here we mainly review recent literature on homeostatic developmental roles the PN machinery plays in the establishment, maintenance, and plasticity of stable and dynamic dendritic arbors. Beyond basic housekeeping functions, we consider roles of PN machinery in protein quality control mechanisms linked to dendritic plasticity (e.g., dendritic spine remodeling during LTP); cell-type specificity; dendritic morphogenesis; and dendritic pruning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin N Lottes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daniel N Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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36
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Prieto M, Folci A, Martin S. Post-translational modifications of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein in neuronal function and dysfunction. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1688-1703. [PMID: 31822816 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) is an RNA-binding protein essential to the regulation of local translation at synapses. In the mammalian brain, synapses are constantly formed and eliminated throughout development to achieve functional neuronal networks. At the molecular level, thousands of proteins cooperate to accomplish efficient neuronal communication. Therefore, synaptic protein levels and their functional interactions need to be tightly regulated. FMRP generally acts as a translational repressor of its mRNA targets. FMRP is the target of several post-translational modifications (PTMs) that dynamically regulate its function. Here we provide an overview of the PTMs controlling the FMRP function and discuss how their spatiotemporal interplay contributes to the physiological regulation of FMRP. Importantly, FMRP loss-of-function leads to Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a rare genetic developmental condition causing a range of neurological alterations including intellectual disability (ID), learning and memory impairments, autistic-like features and seizures. Here, we also explore the possibility that recently reported missense mutations in the FMR1 gene disrupt the PTM homoeostasis of FMRP, thus participating in the aetiology of FXS. This suggests that the pharmacological targeting of PTMs may be a promising strategy to develop innovative therapies for patients carrying such missense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Prieto
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.
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37
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Maurin T, Melancia F, Jarjat M, Castro L, Costa L, Delhaye S, Khayachi A, Castagnola S, Mota E, Di Giorgio A, Servadio M, Drozd M, Poupon G, Schiavi S, Sardone L, Azoulay S, Ciranna L, Martin S, Vincent P, Trezza V, Bardoni B. Involvement of Phosphodiesterase 2A Activity in the Pathophysiology of Fragile X Syndrome. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3241-3252. [PMID: 30137253 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is an RNA-binding protein involved in translational regulation of mRNAs that play key roles in synaptic morphology and plasticity. The functional absence of FMRP causes the fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability and the most common monogenic cause of autism. No effective treatment is available for FXS. We recently identified the Phosphodiesterase 2A (Pde2a) mRNA as a prominent target of FMRP. PDE2A enzymatic activity is increased in the brain of Fmr1-KO mice, a recognized model of FXS, leading to decreased levels of cAMP and cGMP. Here, we pharmacologically inhibited PDE2A in Fmr1-KO mice and observed a rescue both of the maturity of dendritic spines and of the exaggerated hippocampal mGluR-dependent long-term depression. Remarkably, PDE2A blockade rescued the social and communicative deficits of both mouse and rat Fmr1-KO animals. Importantly, chronic inhibition of PDE2A in newborn Fmr1-KO mice followed by a washout interval, resulted in the rescue of the altered social behavior observed in adolescent mice. Altogether, these results reveal the key role of PDE2A in the physiopathology of FXS and suggest that its pharmacological inhibition represents a novel therapeutic approach for FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Maurin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | | | - Marielle Jarjat
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | - Liliana Castro
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France.,Labex BioPsy, Paris, France
| | - Lara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sébastien Delhaye
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | | | - Sara Castagnola
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | - Elia Mota
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France.,Labex BioPsy, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Di Giorgio
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Nice, France
| | | | - Malgorzata Drozd
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | | | - Sara Schiavi
- Department of Sciences, Università RomaTre, Roma, Italy
| | - Lara Sardone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stéphane Azoulay
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Lucia Ciranna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Pierre Vincent
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France.,Labex BioPsy, Paris, France
| | | | - Barbara Bardoni
- CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
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38
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Mei X, Yang Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, Chen Q, Qian X, Li X, Feng Z. Role of fragile X mental retardation protein in chronic pain. Mol Pain 2020; 16:1744806920928619. [PMID: 32496847 PMCID: PMC7273537 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920928619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain has detrimental effects on one's quality of life. However, its treatment options are very limited, and its underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Recent research has suggested that fragile X mental retardation protein is involved in the development of chronic pain, making it a potential target for prevention and treatment. The current review of literature will examine the function of fragile X mental retardation protein and its associated pathways, through which we hope to gain insight into how fragile X mental retardation protein may contribute to nociceptive sensitization and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Mei
- Department of Pain Medicine,
The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang
University School of Medicine,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Department of Pain Medicine,
The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang
University School of Medicine,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- Department of Pain Medicine,
The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang
University School of Medicine,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience,
Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of
China, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang, China
| | - QiLiang Chen
- Department of
Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford Health Care,
Stanford
University, Stanford, CA,
USA
| | - Xiang Qian
- Department of
Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford Health Care,
Stanford
University, Stanford, CA,
USA
| | - Xiangyao Li
- Institute of Neuroscience,
Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of
China, School of Medicine,
Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiying Feng
- Department of Pain Medicine,
The First Affiliated Hospital,
Zhejiang
University School of Medicine,
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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39
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Pushpalatha KV, Besse F. Local Translation in Axons: When Membraneless RNP Granules Meet Membrane-Bound Organelles. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:129. [PMID: 31824961 PMCID: PMC6882739 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cell compartmentalization relies on long-known membrane-delimited organelles, as well as on more recently discovered membraneless macromolecular condensates. How these two types of organelles interact to regulate cellular functions is still largely unclear. In this review, we highlight how membraneless ribonucleoprotein (RNP) organelles, enriched in RNAs and associated regulatory proteins, cooperate with membrane-bound organelles for tight spatio-temporal control of gene expression in the axons of neuronal cells. Specifically, we present recent evidence that motile membrane-bound organelles are used as vehicles by RNP cargoes, promoting the long-range transport of mRNA molecules to distal axons. As demonstrated by recent work, membrane-bound organelles also promote local protein synthesis, by serving as platforms for the local translation of mRNAs recruited to their outer surface. Furthermore, dynamic and specific association between RNP cargoes and membrane-bound organelles is mediated by bi-partite adapter molecules that interact with both types of organelles selectively, in a regulated-manner. Maintaining such a dynamic interplay is critical, as alterations in this process are linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Together, emerging studies thus point to the coordination of membrane-bound and membraneless organelles as an organizing principle underlying local cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florence Besse
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institut de Biology Valrose, Nice, France
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40
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Schorova L, Pronot M, Poupon G, Prieto M, Folci A, Khayachi A, Brau F, Cassé F, Gwizdek C, Martin S. The synaptic balance between sumoylation and desumoylation is maintained by the activation of metabotropic mGlu5 receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3019-3031. [PMID: 30904951 PMCID: PMC11105596 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sumoylation is a reversible post-translational modification essential to the modulation of neuronal function, including neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity. A tightly regulated equilibrium between the sumoylation and desumoylation processes is critical to the brain function and its disruption has been associated with several neurological disorders. This sumoylation/desumoylation balance is governed by the activity of the sole SUMO-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 and a group of desumoylases called SENPs, respectively. We previously demonstrated that the activation of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu5R) triggers the transient trapping of Ubc9 in dendritic spines, leading to a rapid increase in the overall synaptic sumoylation. However, the mechanisms balancing this increased synaptic sumoylation are still not known. Here, we examined the diffusion properties of the SENP1 enzyme using a combination of advanced biochemical approaches and restricted photobleaching/photoconversion of individual hippocampal spines. We demonstrated that the activation of mGlu5R leads to a time-dependent decrease in the exit rate of SENP1 from dendritic spines. The resulting post-synaptic accumulation of SENP1 restores synaptic sumoylation to initial levels. Altogether, our findings reveal the mGlu5R system as a central activity-dependent mechanism to maintaining the homeostasis of sumoylation at the mammalian synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Schorova
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Marie Pronot
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Gwénola Poupon
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Marta Prieto
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Alessandra Folci
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Anouar Khayachi
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Frédéric Cassé
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Carole Gwizdek
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275, 660 route des lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France.
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41
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Formicola N, Vijayakumar J, Besse F. Neuronal ribonucleoprotein granules: Dynamic sensors of localized signals. Traffic 2019; 20:639-649. [PMID: 31206920 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-less organelles, because of their capacity to dynamically, selectively and reversibly concentrate molecules, are very well adapted for local information processing and rapid response to environmental fluctuations. These features are particularly important in the context of neuronal cells, where synapse-specific activation, or localized extracellular cues, induce signaling events restricted to specialized axonal or dendritic subcompartments. Neuronal ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles, or granules, are nonmembrane bound macromolecular condensates that concentrate specific sets of mRNAs and regulatory proteins, promoting their long-distance transport to axons or dendrites. Neuronal RNP granules also have a dual function in regulating the translation of associated mRNAs: while preventing mRNA translation at rest, they fuel local protein synthesis upon activation. As revealed by recent work, rapid and reversible switches between these two functional modes are triggered by modifications of the networks of interactions underlying RNP granule assembly. Such flexible properties also come with a cost, as neuronal RNP granules are prone to transition into pathological aggregates in response to mutations, aging, or cellular stresses, further emphasizing the need to better understand the mechanistic principles governing their dynamic assembly and regulation in living systems.
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42
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Vijayakumar J, Perrois C, Heim M, Bousset L, Alberti S, Besse F. The prion-like domain of Drosophila Imp promotes axonal transport of RNP granules in vivo. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2593. [PMID: 31197139 PMCID: PMC6565635 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10554-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion-like domains (PLDs), defined by their low sequence complexity and intrinsic disorder, are present in hundreds of human proteins. Although gain-of-function mutations in the PLDs of neuronal RNA-binding proteins have been linked to neurodegenerative disease progression, the physiological role of PLDs and their range of molecular functions are still largely unknown. Here, we show that the PLD of Drosophila Imp, a conserved component of neuronal ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules, is essential for the developmentally-controlled localization of Imp RNP granules to axons and regulates in vivo axonal remodeling. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Imp PLD restricts, rather than promotes, granule assembly, revealing a novel modulatory function for PLDs in RNP granule homeostasis. Swapping the position of Imp PLD compromises RNP granule dynamic assembly but not transport, suggesting that these two functions are uncoupled. Together, our study uncovers a physiological function for PLDs in the spatio-temporal control of neuronal RNP assemblies. The physiological role of prion-like domains (PLDs) within RNA-binding proteins is not well understood. Here, authors show in Drosophila that the PLD in the protein Imp is required for localization of ribonucleoprotein granules to axons and axonal remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marjorie Heim
- University Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, 06100, France
| | - Luc Bousset
- Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, Orsay, 91505, France
| | - Simon Alberti
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, 01307, Germany.,Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Florence Besse
- University Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, 06100, France.
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43
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Bagni C, Zukin RS. A Synaptic Perspective of Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neuron 2019; 101:1070-1088. [PMID: 30897358 PMCID: PMC9628679 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Altered synaptic structure and function is a major hallmark of fragile X syndrome (FXS), autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), and other intellectual disabilities (IDs), which are therefore classified as synaptopathies. FXS and ASDs, while clinically and genetically distinct, share significant comorbidity, suggesting that there may be a common molecular and/or cellular basis, presumably at the synapse. In this article, we review brain architecture and synaptic pathways that are dysregulated in FXS and ASDs, including spine architecture, signaling in synaptic plasticity, local protein synthesis, (m)RNA modifications, and degradation. mRNA repression is a powerful mechanism for the regulation of synaptic structure and efficacy. We infer that there is no single pathway that explains most of the etiology and discuss new findings and the implications for future work directed at improving our understanding of the pathogenesis of FXS and related ASDs and the design of therapeutic strategies to ameliorate these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bagni
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - R Suzanne Zukin
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
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44
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Maurin T, Bardoni B. Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein: To Be or Not to Be a Translational Enhancer. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:113. [PMID: 30619879 PMCID: PMC6297276 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Maurin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS UMR7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Valbonne, France
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45
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Impaired GABA Neural Circuits Are Critical for Fragile X Syndrome. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:8423420. [PMID: 30402088 PMCID: PMC6192167 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8423420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an inheritable neuropsychological disease caused by silence of the fmr1 gene and the deficiency of Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Patients present neuronal alterations that lead to severe intellectual disability and altered sleep rhythms. However, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying FXS remain unclear. Previous studies have suggested that metabolic glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors/circuits are two counter-balanced factors involved in FXS pathophysiology. More and more studies demonstrated that attenuated GABAergic circuits in the absence of FMRP are critical for abnormal progression of FXS. Here, we reviewed the changes of GABA neural circuits that were attributed to intellectual-deficient FXS, from several aspects including deregulated GABA metabolism, decreased expressions of GABA receptor subunits, and impaired GABAergic neural circuits. Furthermore, the activities of GABA neural circuits are modulated by circadian rhythm of FMRP metabolism and reviewed the abnormal condition of FXS mice or patients.
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46
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Castagnola S, Delhaye S, Folci A, Paquet A, Brau F, Duprat F, Jarjat M, Grossi M, Béal M, Martin S, Mantegazza M, Bardoni B, Maurin T. New Insights Into the Role of Ca v2 Protein Family in Calcium Flux Deregulation in Fmr1-KO Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:342. [PMID: 30319351 PMCID: PMC6170614 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and a leading cause of autism, results from the loss of expression of the Fmr1 gene which encodes the RNA-binding protein Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). Among the thousands mRNA targets of FMRP, numerous encode regulators of ion homeostasis. It has also been described that FMRP directly interacts with Ca2+ channels modulating their activity. Collectively these findings suggest that FMRP plays critical roles in Ca2+ homeostasis during nervous system development. We carried out a functional analysis of Ca2+ regulation using a calcium imaging approach in Fmr1-KO cultured neurons and we show that these cells display impaired steady state Ca2+ concentration and an altered entry of Ca2+ after KCl-triggered depolarization. Consistent with these data, we show that the protein product of the Cacna1a gene, the pore-forming subunit of the Cav2.1 channel, is less expressed at the plasma membrane of Fmr1-KO neurons compared to wild-type (WT). Thus, our findings point out the critical role that Cav2.1 plays in the altered Ca2+ flux in Fmr1-KO neurons, impacting Ca2+ homeostasis of these cells. Remarkably, we highlight a new phenotype of cultured Fmr1-KO neurons that can be considered a novel cellular biomarker and is amenable to small molecule screening and identification of new drugs to treat FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Castagnola
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
| | - Sébastien Delhaye
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
| | | | - Agnès Paquet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Fabrice Duprat
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Marielle Jarjat
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
| | - Mauro Grossi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
| | - Méline Béal
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Barbara Bardoni
- CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Thomas Maurin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA "Neogenex", Valbonne, France
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47
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Tang M, Lu L, Xie F, Chen L. SUMOylation of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein: A Critical Mechanism of FMRP-Mediated Neuronal Function. Neurosci Bull 2018; 34:1100-1102. [PMID: 30218284 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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48
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Ravanidis S, Kattan FG, Doxakis E. Unraveling the Pathways to Neuronal Homeostasis and Disease: Mechanistic Insights into the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins and Associated Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082280. [PMID: 30081499 PMCID: PMC6121432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing, dosage and location of gene expression are fundamental determinants of brain architectural complexity. In neurons, this is, primarily, achieved by specific sets of trans-acting RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and their associated factors that bind to specific cis elements throughout the RNA sequence to regulate splicing, polyadenylation, stability, transport and localized translation at both axons and dendrites. Not surprisingly, misregulation of RBP expression or disruption of its function due to mutations or sequestration into nuclear or cytoplasmic inclusions have been linked to the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as fragile-X syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, spinal muscular atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. This review discusses the roles of Pumilio, Staufen, IGF2BP, FMRP, Sam68, CPEB, NOVA, ELAVL, SMN, TDP43, FUS, TAF15, and TIA1/TIAR in RNA metabolism by analyzing their specific molecular and cellular function, the neurological symptoms associated with their perturbation, and their axodendritic transport/localization along with their target mRNAs as part of larger macromolecular complexes termed ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Ravanidis
- Basic Sciences Division I, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Fedon-Giasin Kattan
- Basic Sciences Division I, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Epaminondas Doxakis
- Basic Sciences Division I, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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49
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Neuronal RNP granules: from physiological to pathological assemblies. Biol Chem 2018; 399:623-635. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Neuronal cells rely on macro- and micro-cellular compartmentalization to rapidly process information, and respond locally to external stimuli. Such a cellular organization is achieved via the assembly of neuronal ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules, dynamic membrane-less organelles enriched in RNAs and associated regulatory proteins. In this review, we discuss how these high-order structures transport mRNAs to dendrites and axons, and how they contribute to the spatio-temporal regulation of localized mRNA translation. We also highlight how recent biophysical studies have shed light on the mechanisms underlying neuronal RNP granule dynamic assembly, remodeling and maturation, in both physiological and pathological contexts.
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50
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Abstract
Post-translational modification of substrate proteins by SUMO conjugation regulates a diverse array of cellular processes. While predominantly a nuclear protein modification, there is a growing appreciation that SUMOylation of proteins outside the nucleus plays direct roles in controlling synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and adaptive responses to cell stress. Furthermore, alterations in protein SUMOylation are observed in a wide range of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, and several extranuclear disease-associated proteins have been shown to be directly SUMOylated. Here, focusing mainly on SUMOylation of synaptic and mitochondrial proteins, we outline recent developments and discoveries, and present our opinion as to the most exciting avenues for future research to define how SUMOylation of extranuclear proteins regulates neuronal and synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Henley
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Ruth E Carmichael
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kevin A Wilkinson
- School of Biochemistry, Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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