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Mondal P, Saha SK, Roy P, Vasudeva N, Anshu A, Rajasekar GP, Pandey A. Plasmon Mediated Single Photon Emission from a Nanocrystal Ensemble. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7556-7565. [PMID: 39024059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Quantum photonic devices require robust sources of single photons to perform basic computational and communication protocols. Thus, developing scalable, integrable, and efficient quantum light sources has become crucial for the realization of quantum photonic devices. Single quantum dots are promising sources of quantum light due to their tunable emission wavelength. Here, we show the emergence of quantum-emitter-like antibunched emission behavior when multiple quantum dots are located in the vicinity of plasmonic particles. To evaluate the robustness of this phenomenon, we consider both monometallic and bimetallic particles. We find that the photoluminescence intensity of the plasmon coupled quantum dots fits well to a single sublinear power law exponent that is distinct from the behavior of CQD aggregates. Significantly, we find that plasmon coupling results in reduced flickering, thus enabling the realization of a more stable and reliable single photon source. Possible roles of emergent excitonic interactions in the coupled system are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Mondal
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Subham Kumar Saha
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Parna Roy
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Navyashree Vasudeva
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Ashwini Anshu
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Guru Pratheep Rajasekar
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anshu Pandey
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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2
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Roy P, Pandey A. Engineering quantum dots for improved single photon emission statistics. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:204707. [PMID: 38785288 DOI: 10.1063/5.0205113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
High fidelity single photon sources are required for the implementation of quantum information processing and communications protocols. Although colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are single photon sources, their efficacy is limited by their tendency to show finite multiphoton emission at higher excitation powers. Here, we show that wave function engineering of CQDs enables the realization of emitters with significantly improved single photon emission performance. We study the ZnS/CdSe/CdS system. It is shown that this system offers significantly improved probabilities of single photon emission. While conventional CQDs such as CdSe/CdS exhibit a g2(0) > 0.5 ± 0.02 at ⟨N⟩ = 2.17, ZnS/CdSe/CdS show a greatly improved g2(0) ≈ 0.04 ± 0.01. Improved single photon emission performance encourages the use of colloidal materials as quantum light sources in emerging quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parna Roy
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anshu Pandey
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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3
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Jabri H, Eleuch H. Light squeezing enhancement by coupling nonlinear optical cavities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7753. [PMID: 38565597 PMCID: PMC10987607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the squeezing effect generated by two coupled optical cavities. Each cavity contains a second-order nonlinear material and coherently pumped by a laser. Our results show that light intensity is strongly improved due to the presence of the nonlinearities and mainly depends on the detunings between external laser frequencies and cavity modes. More interestingly, the proposed scheme could enhance light squeezing for moderate coupling between cavities : the squeezing generated by one cavity is enhanced by the other one. For resonant interaction, highest squeezing effect is obtained near resonance. When fields are non resonant, squeezing increases near resonance of the considered cavity, but decreases for large detunings relative to the second cavity. Further, when the dissipation rate of the second cavity is smaller than the first, the squeezing could be improved, attaining nearly the perfect squeezing. While the temperature elevation has a negative impact overall on the nonclassical light, squeezing shows an appreciable resistance against thermal baths for appropriate parameter sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jabri
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, 9000, Tunisia.
| | - H Eleuch
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Arts and Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, 59911, United Arab Emirates
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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4
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Huang B, Huang Y, Zhang H, Lu X, Gao X, Zhuang S. Electrochemical Control over the Optical Properties of II-VI Colloidal Nanoplatelets by Tailoring the Station of Extra Charge Carriers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21354-21363. [PMID: 37071128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical (EC) method has been successfully applied to regulate the optical properties of nanocrystals, such as reducing their gain threshold by EC doping and enhancing their photoluminescence intensity by EC filling of trap states. However, the processes of EC doping and filling are rarely reported simultaneously in a single study, hindering the understanding of their underlying interactions. Here, we report the spectroelectrochemical (SEC) studies of quasi-two-dimensional nanoplatelets (NPLs), intending to clarify the above issues. EC doping is successfully achieved in CdSe/CdZnS core/shell NPLs, with red-shifted photoluminescence and a reversal of the emission intensity trend. The injection of extra electrons (holes) into the conduction (valence) band edges needs high bias voltages, while the passivation/activation process of trap states with the shift of Fermi level starts at lower EC potentials. Then, we explore the role of excitation light conditions in these processes, different from existing SEC research studies. Interestingly, increasing the laser power density can hinder EC electron injection, whereas decreasing the excitation energy evades the passivation process of trap states. Moreover, we demonstrate that EC control strategies can be used to realize color display and anti-counterfeiting applications via simultaneously tailoring the photoluminescence intensity of red- and green-emitting NPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Yihuai Huang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Huichao Zhang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Xinmiao Lu
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality and New Energy, School of Electronics and Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Xiumin Gao
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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5
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Dunlap MK, Ryan DP, Goodwin PM, Sheehan CJ, Werner JH, Majumder S, Hollingsworth JA, Gelfand MP, Van Orden A. Nanoscale imaging of quantum dot dimers using time-resolved super-resolution microscopy combined with scanning electron microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:275202. [PMID: 37011598 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acc9c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved super-resolution microscopy was used in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy to image individual colloidal CdSe/CdS semiconductor quantum dots (QD) and QD dimers. The photoluminescence (PL) lifetimes, intensities, and structural parameters were acquired with nanometer scale spatial resolution and sub-nanosecond time resolution. The combination of these two techniques was more powerful than either alone, enabling us to resolve the PL properties of individual QDs within QD dimers as they blinked on and off, measure interparticle distances, and identify QDs that may be participating in energy transfer. The localization precision of our optical imaging technique was ∼3 nm, low enough that the emission from individual QDs within the dimers could be spatially resolved. While the majority of QDs within dimers acted as independent emitters, at least one pair of QDs in our study exhibited lifetime and intensity behaviors consistent with resonance energy transfer from a shorter lifetime and lower intensity donor QD to a longer lifetime and higher intensity acceptor QD. For this case, we demonstrate how the combined super-resolution optical imaging and scanning electron microscopy data can be used to characterize the energy transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Dunlap
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States of America
| | - Duncan P Ryan
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Peter M Goodwin
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Chris J Sheehan
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - James H Werner
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Somak Majumder
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Martin P Gelfand
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, United States of America
| | - Alan Van Orden
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States of America
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6
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Koga M, Masuoka K, Tsuneizumi S, Kameyama T, Ito S, Torimoto T, Miyasaka H. Direct Detection of Long-Range Interdomain Auger Recombination in Dumbbell-Shaped Quasi-Type-II Nanoparticle. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6845-6851. [PMID: 35861331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multicarrier dynamics in heterostructured ZnS-AgInS2 (ZAIS) dumbbell-like nanoparticle (nanodumbell), which consists of two visible-light absorptive domains (ellipsoidal tip domains) directly linked to each end of a 22 nm length rod domain of the ZAIS nanodumbell with a quasi-type-II heterostructure, was investigated by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy under variable excitation intensities. Quantitative analysis together with the numerical simulations for the excitation intensity dependence of the dynamics revealed that only one electron-hole pair survived in the overall dumbbell as a consequence of Auger recombination, even though multiple carriers were formed on both terminal tip domains. This result strongly suggested carrier-carrier interaction between the tip domains, leading to the long-range Auger recombination via tunneling across a rod potential barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Koga
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Center for Promotion of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ko Masuoka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tsuneizumi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kameyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Syoji Ito
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Center for Promotion of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
- Research Institute for Light-Induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Torimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Center for Promotion of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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7
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Xie M, Tao CL, Zhang Z, Liu H, Wan S, Nie Y, Yang W, Wang X, Wu XJ, Tian Y. Nonblinking Colloidal Quantum Dots via Efficient Multiexciton Emission. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2371-2378. [PMID: 35254074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nonblinking colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are significant to their applications as single-photon sources or light-emitting materials. Herein, a simple heat-up method was developed to synthesize high-qualityWZ-CdSe/CdS core-shell colloidal QDs, which achieved a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). It was found that the blinking behavior of such QDs was completely suppressed at high excitation intensities, and ultra-stable PL emission was observed. For this reason, a systematic investigation was conducted, revealing that the complete blinking suppression was attributed mainly to the efficient multiexciton emission at high excitation intensities. Such high-quality QDs with nonblinking behaviors and nearly ideal PL properties at high excitation intensities have massive potential applications in various robust conditions, including QD display screens, single-particle tracks, and single-photon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcai Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen-Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sushu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xue-Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuxi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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8
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Feng S, Qin Q, Han X, Zhang C, Wang X, Yu T, Xiao M. Universal Existence of Localized Single-Photon Emitters in the Perovskite Film of All-Inorganic CsPbBr 3 Microcrystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106278. [PMID: 34687093 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic halide perovskites have drawn a lot of research attention very recently owing to their potential solution to the instability issue currently faced by the organic-inorganic counterparts. Meanwhile, the halide perovskites in a solid film are manifested as microscale morphologies whose functionalities are unavoidably affected by the interior or exterior presence of various nanoscale entities. Here all-inorganic solid films are fabricated with varying densities of single CsPbBr3 microcrystals, showing that very sharp photoluminescence peaks can be universally observed at 4 K with the linewidths being as narrow as hundreds of μeV. The single-photon emission nature is confirmed for such a photoluminescence peak, whose intensity is completely quenched above ≈30 K to suggest its possible origin from a low potential-energy region of the single microcrystal. The discovery of such a novel emitting species in halide perovskites, with the enriched structure-property relationship, will surely impart significant influences on the advancement of relevant optoelectronic devices and quantum-light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Feng
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qilin Qin
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Min Xiao
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
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9
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Schröder T, Bange S, Schedlbauer J, Steiner F, Lupton JM, Tinnefeld P, Vogelsang J. How Blinking Affects Photon Correlations in Multichromophoric Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18037-18047. [PMID: 34735135 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A single chromophore can only emit a maximum of one single photon per excitation cycle. This limitation results in a phenomenon commonly referred to as photon antibunching (pAB). When multiple chromophores contribute to the fluorescence measured, the degree of pAB has been used as a metric to "count" the number of chromophores. But the fact that chromophores can switch randomly between bright and dark states also impacts pAB and can lead to incorrect chromophore numbers being determined from pAB measurements. By both simulations and experiment, we demonstrate how pAB is affected by independent and collective chromophore blinking, enabling us to formulate universal guidelines for correct interpretation of pAB measurements. We use DNA-origami nanostructures to design multichromophoric model systems that exhibit either independent or collective chromophore blinking. Two approaches are presented that can distinguish experimentally between these two blinking mechanisms. The first one utilizes the different excitation intensity dependence on the blinking mechanisms. The second approach exploits the fact that collective blinking implies energy transfer to a quenching moiety, which is a time-dependent process. In pulsed-excitation experiments, the degree of collective blinking can therefore be altered by time gating the fluorescence photon stream, enabling us to extract the energy-transfer rate to a quencher. The ability to distinguish between different blinking mechanisms is valuable in materials science, such as for multichromophoric nanoparticles like conjugated-polymer chains as well as in biophysics, for example, for quantitative analysis of protein assemblies by counting chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schröder
- Department Chemie and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bange
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik and Regensburg Center for Ultrafast Nanoscopy (RUN), Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Schedlbauer
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik and Regensburg Center for Ultrafast Nanoscopy (RUN), Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Steiner
- Department Chemie and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - John M Lupton
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik and Regensburg Center for Ultrafast Nanoscopy (RUN), Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philip Tinnefeld
- Department Chemie and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Jan Vogelsang
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik and Regensburg Center for Ultrafast Nanoscopy (RUN), Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Xu JY, Tong X, Besteiro LV, Li X, Hu C, Liu R, Channa AI, Zhao H, Rosei F, Govorov AO, Wang Q, Wang ZM. Rational synthesis of novel "giant" CuInTeSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots for optoelectronics. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:15301-15310. [PMID: 34490860 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04199a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
"Giant" core/shell quantum dots (g-QDs) are promising candidates for emerging optoelectronic technologies thanks to their facile structure/composition-tunable optoelectronic properties and outstanding photo-physical/chemical stability. Here, we synthesized a new type of CuInTeSe (CITS)/CdS g-QDs and regulated their optoelectronic properties by controlling the shell thickness. Through increasing the shell thickness, as-prepared g-QDs exhibited tunable red-shifted emission (from 900 to 1200 nm) and prolonged photoluminescence (PL) lifetimes (up to ∼14.0 μs), indicating a formed band structure showing efficient charge separation and transfer, which is further testified by theoretical calculations and ultrafast time-resolved transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. These CITS/CdS g-QDs with various shell thicknesses can be employed to fabricate photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, exhibiting improved photoresponse and stability as compared to the bare CITS QD-based devices. The results indicate that the rational design and engineering of g-QDs is very promising for future QD-based optoelectronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yin Xu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, P. R. China
| | - Lucas V Besteiro
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, J3X 1S2 Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Chenxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Ruitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Ali Imran Channa
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- College of Physics & State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Federico Rosei
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, J3X 1S2 Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiming M Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, P. R. China
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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11
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Krishnamurthy S, Singh A, Hu Z, Blake AV, Kim Y, Singh A, Dolgopolova EA, Williams DJ, Piryatinski A, Malko AV, Htoon H, Sykora M, Hollingsworth JA. PbS/CdS Quantum Dot Room-Temperature Single-Emitter Spectroscopy Reaches the Telecom O and S Bands via an Engineered Stability. ACS NANO 2021; 15:575-587. [PMID: 33381968 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized PbS/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) to have functional single-emitter properties for room-temperature, solid-state operation in the telecom O and S bands. Two shell-growth methods-cation exchange and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR)-were employed to prepare QD heterostructures with shells of 2-16 monolayers. PbS/CdS QDs were sufficiently bright and stable to resolve photoluminescence (PL) spectra representing both bands from single nanocrystals using standard detection methods, and for a QD emitting in the O-band a second-order correlation function showed strong photon antibunching, important steps toward demonstrating the utility of lead chalcogenide QDs as single-photon emitters (SPEs). Irrespective of type, few telecom-SPEs exist that are capable of such room-temperature operation. Access to single-QD spectra enabled a direct assessment of spectral line width, which was ∼70-90 meV compared to much broader ensemble spectra (∼300 meV). We show inhomogeneous broadening results from dispersity in PbS core sizes that increases dramatically with extended cation exchange. Quantum yields (QYs) are negatively impacted at thick shells (>6 monolayers) and, especially, by SILAR-growth conditions. Time-resolved PL measurements revealed that, with SILAR, initially single-exponential PL-decays transition to biexponential, with opening of nonradiative carrier-recombination channels. Radiative decay times are, overall, longer for core/shell QDs compared to PbS cores, which we demonstrate can be partially attributed to some core/shell sizes occupying a quasi-type II electron-hole localization regime. Finally, we demonstrate that shell engineering and the use of lower laser-excitation powers can afford significantly suppressed blinking and photobleaching. However, dependence on shell thickness comes at a cost of less-than-optimal brightness, with implications for both materials and experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachidananda Krishnamurthy
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson 75080, Texas, United States
| | - Ajay Singh
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Zhongjian Hu
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Anastasia V Blake
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Younghee Kim
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Amita Singh
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Ekaterina A Dolgopolova
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Darrick J Williams
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Andrei Piryatinski
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Anton V Malko
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson 75080, Texas, United States
| | - Han Htoon
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Milan Sykora
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Comenius University, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
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12
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Mondal P, Chakraborty S, Grandhi GK, Viswanatha R. Copper Doping in II-VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Single-Particle Fluorescence Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5367-5372. [PMID: 32522003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copper doping in II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) has sparked enormous debate regarding the oxidation state of Cu ions and their hugely differing consequences in optoelectronic applications. The identity of a magnetically active Cu2+ ion or a magnetically inactive d10 Cu+ ion has generally been probed using optical techniques, and confusion arises from the spatial clutter that is part of the technique. One major probe that could declutter the data obtained from ensemble emission is single-particle fluorescence spectroscopy. In this work, using this very technique along with X-ray absorption spectroscopy probing the local environment of dopant ions, we study Cu-doped II-VI semiconductor NCs to find conclusive evidence on the oxidation state of Cu dopants and hence the mechanism of their emission. Detailed analysis of blinking properties has been used to study the single-particle nature of the NCs.
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13
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Liu J, Guillemeney L, Abécassis B, Coolen L. Long Range Energy Transfer in Self-Assembled Stacks of Semiconducting Nanoplatelets. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3465-3470. [PMID: 32315197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent emitters like ions, dye molecules, or semiconductor nanoparticles are widely used in optoelectronic devices, usually within densely packed layers. Their luminescence properties can then be very different from when they are isolated, because of short-range interparticle interactions such as Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET). Understanding these interactions is crucial to mitigate FRET-related losses and could also lead to new energy transfer strategies. Exciton migration by FRET hopping between consecutive neighbor fluorophores has been evidenced in various systems but was generally limited to distances of tens of nanometers and involved only a few emitters. Here, we image self-assembled linear chains of CdSe nanoplatelets (colloidal quantum wells) and demonstrate exciton migration over 500 nm distances, corresponding to FRET hopping over 90 platelets. By comparing a diffusion-equation model to our experimental data, we measure a (1.5 ps)-1 FRET rate, much faster than all decay mechanisms, so that strong FRET-mediated collective photophysical effects can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Liu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Lilian Guillemeney
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Abécassis
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Coolen
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France
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14
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Salakhutdinov V, Sondermann M, Carbone L, Giacobino E, Bramati A, Leuchs G. Single Photons Emitted by Nanocrystals Optically Trapped in a Deep Parabolic Mirror. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:013607. [PMID: 31976723 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.013607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the emission of single photons from CdSe/CdS dots-in-rod which are optically trapped in the focus of a deep parabolic mirror. Thanks to this mirror, we are able to image almost the full 4π emission pattern of nanometer-sized elementary dipoles and verify the alignment of the rods within the optical trap. From the motional dynamics of the emitters in the trap, we infer that the single-photon emission occurs from clusters comprising several emitters. We demonstrate the optical trapping of rod-shaped quantum emitters in a configuration suitable for efficiently coupling an ensemble of linear dipoles with the electromagnetic field in free space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod Salakhutdinov
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Physics, Staudtstrasse 7/B2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Sondermann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Physics, Staudtstrasse 7/B2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luigi Carbone
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Giacobino
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL, Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, case 74, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alberto Bramati
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL, Research University, Collège de France, 4 place Jussieu, case 74, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Gerd Leuchs
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Physics, Staudtstrasse 7/B2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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15
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Colloidal quantum dot molecules manifesting quantum coupling at room temperature. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5401. [PMID: 31844043 PMCID: PMC6915722 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupling of atoms is the basis of chemistry, yielding the beauty and richness of molecules. We utilize semiconductor nanocrystals as artificial atoms to form nanocrystal molecules that are structurally and electronically coupled. CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals are linked to form dimers which are then fused via constrained oriented attachment. The possible nanocrystal facets in which such fusion takes place are analyzed with atomic resolution revealing the distribution of possible crystal fusion scenarios. Coherent coupling and wave-function hybridization are manifested by a redshift of the band gap, in agreement with quantum mechanical simulations. Single nanoparticle spectroscopy unravels the attributes of coupled nanocrystal dimers related to the unique combination of quantum mechanical tunneling and energy transfer mechanisms. This sets the stage for nanocrystal chemistry to yield a diverse selection of coupled nanocrystal molecules constructed from controlled core/shell nanocrystal building blocks. These are of direct relevance for numerous applications in displays, sensing, biological tagging and emerging quantum technologies. In analogy to the coupling of atoms into molecules, the authors fuse colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals into quantum dot dimers. These nanocrystal ‘molecules’ exhibit significant quantum coupling effects, making them promising for applications in devices and potential quantum technologies.
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16
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Tchoffo M, Migueu FB, Vubangsi M, Fai LC. Supersymmetric approach to coherent states for nonlinear oscillator with spatially dependent effective mass. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02395. [PMID: 31528743 PMCID: PMC6739287 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A nonlinear oscillator with variable mass is studied in the approach of Supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Ladder operators in association with the shape invariance condition allowed us to find the coherent states of the system in the sense of Barut and Girardello. The statistical properties of these particular states are studied using the probability of distribution. In addition, the vibrational partition function is calculated. We see that the thermodynamic functions of the system such as mean energy and entropy depend on the nonlinearity parameter, except for the specific heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tchoffo
- Centre de Recherche en Agronomie et Biodiversité - FASA, Université de Dschang, Cameroon.,Unité de Recherche de Matière Condensée, d'Électronique et de Traitement du Signal, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dschang, B.P. 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - F B Migueu
- Unité de Recherche de Matière Condensée, d'Électronique et de Traitement du Signal, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dschang, B.P. 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - M Vubangsi
- Unité de Recherche de Matière Condensée, d'Électronique et de Traitement du Signal, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dschang, B.P. 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - L C Fai
- Unité de Recherche de Matière Condensée, d'Électronique et de Traitement du Signal, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dschang, B.P. 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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17
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Emergence of multiple fluorophores in individual cesium lead bromide nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2930. [PMID: 31266944 PMCID: PMC6606627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cesium-based perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) possess alluring optical and electronic properties via compositional and structural versatility, tunable bandgap, high photoluminescence quantum yield and facile chemical synthesis. Despite the recent progress, origins of the photoluminescence emission in various types of PNCs remains unclear. Here, we study the photon emission from individual three-dimensional and zero-dimensional cesium lead bromide PNCs. Using photon antibunching and lifetime measurements, we demonstrate that emission statistics of both type of PNCs are akin to individual molecular fluorophores, rather than traditional semiconductor quantum dots. Aided by density functional modelling, we provide compelling evidence that green emission in zero-dimensional PNCs stems from exciton recombination at bromide vacancy centres within lead-halide octahedra, unrelated to external confinement. These findings provide key information about the nature of defect formation and the origin of emission in cesium lead halide perovskite materials, which foster their utilization in the emerging optoelectronic applications. Inorganic perovskite nanocrystals attract lots of research attention but the origin of their photoluminescence remains debatable. Here Zhang et al. show that behavior of both CsPbBr3 and Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals is like individual molecular fluorophores and independent of the structural dimensionalities.
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18
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Gao S, Li R, Cui M, Liu Y, Xie L. A Multichannel Time-Tagged Time-Resolved (TTTR) Model for Quantification of Oligomer Concentrations Based on Antibunching Effect. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14302-14308. [PMID: 31458120 PMCID: PMC6644909 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecule/protein aggregation causes many devastating and incurable diseases in human bodies. For example, studies have revealed that protein oligomers formed at the early stage are toxic and may be mostly responsible for some diseases. In the fundamental research, differentiation of different protein oligomers and quantification of the concentrations are important and challenging. Here, we have developed a multichannel time-tagged time-resolved (TTTR) confocal fluorescence model based on antibunching effect to solve the problem. The key point of the model is that n-oligomers labeled with n-dyes cannot emit more than n photons at one time. By assuming that all labeling dyes behave perfectly as noninteractive individual dyes, the analytic relationship between photon-emission probability and oligomer concentrations has been derived. Simulations have been carried out to verify the model, in which differentiation and concentration quantification of up to tetraoligomers can be realized with a relative error <10% in an eight-channel TTTR confocal setup with eight single-photon detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
NCNST-NIFDC Joint Laboratory for Measurement and Evaluation of Nanomaterials
in Medical Applications, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ruiru Li
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
NCNST-NIFDC Joint Laboratory for Measurement and Evaluation of Nanomaterials
in Medical Applications, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Menghua Cui
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
NCNST-NIFDC Joint Laboratory for Measurement and Evaluation of Nanomaterials
in Medical Applications, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
- Academy
for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, No.
5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
NCNST-NIFDC Joint Laboratory for Measurement and Evaluation of Nanomaterials
in Medical Applications, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Liming Xie
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology,
NCNST-NIFDC Joint Laboratory for Measurement and Evaluation of Nanomaterials
in Medical Applications, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
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