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Kato T, Uchida J, Ishii Y, Watanabe G. Aquatic Functional Liquid Crystals: Design, Functionalization, and Molecular Simulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306529. [PMID: 38126650 PMCID: PMC10885670 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic functional liquid crystals, which are ordered molecular assemblies that work in water environment, are described in this review. Aquatic functional liquid crystals are liquid-crystalline (LC) materials interacting water molecules or aquatic environment. They include aquatic lyotropic liquid crystals and LC based materials that have aquatic interfaces, for example, nanoporous water treatment membranes that are solids preserving LC order. They can remove ions and viruses with nano- and subnano-porous structures. Columnar, smectic, bicontinuous LC structures are used for fabrication of these 1D, 2D, 3D materials. Design and functionalization of aquatic LC sensors based on aqueous/LC interfaces are also described. The ordering transitions of liquid crystals induced by molecular recognition at the aqueous interfaces provide distinct optical responses. Molecular orientation and dynamic behavior of these aquatic functional LC materials are studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular interactions of LC materials and water are key of these investigations. New insights into aquatic functional LC materials contribute to the fields of environment, healthcare, and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - Junya Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishii
- Department of Data Science, School of Frontier Engineering, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of Data Science, School of Frontier Engineering, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Ebina, 243-0435, Japan
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2
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Xu J, Dai CM, Xu X, Jian J. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of large boron heterocyclic radicals: Matrix infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123539. [PMID: 37857070 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Six boron heterocyclic radicals with different conformations or configurations were synthesized in solid neon and identified by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy as well as quantum-chemical calculations. The ground-state boron atom selectively attacks the C = C bond of cycloheptene forming η2 (1,2)-BC7H12 complex (A), which contains a chair conformation and a boat conformation. Species A isomerizes to the 2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydroborocine radical (B), which involves an eight-membered boron heterocyclic ring and also has two isomers observed. The 1-(prop-1-en-1-yl)-2,3,4-dihydro borole radical (C) with E-configuration and Z-configuration is generated as the final product under UV light irradiation through ring contraction reaction and the hydrogen atom transfer reaction. The observation of species A and further photo-isomerization to species C is consistent with theoretical predictions that these reactions are thermodynamically exothermic and kinetically facile. This work not only provides a possible route for future design and synthesis of corresponding borole derivatives, but also provides new insights into the structural and spectroscopic information of boron heterocyclic radicals with different conformations and configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, China
| | - Chuan-Ming Dai
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, China
| | - Jiwen Jian
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, China.
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3
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Ma J, Choi J, Park S, Kong I, Kim D, Lee C, Youn Y, Hwang M, Oh S, Hong W, Kim W. Liquid Crystals for Advanced Smart Devices with Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications: Recent Progress for Next-Generation Communications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302474. [PMID: 37225649 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals (LCs) technology have a well-established history of applications in visible light, particularly in the display industry. However, with the rapid growth in communication technology, LCs have become a topic of current interest for high-frequency microwave (MW) and millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications due to promising characteristics such as tunability, continuous tuning, low losses, and price compatibility. To improve the performance of future communication technology using LCs, it is not sufficient only with the perspective of radio-frequency (RF) technology. Therefore, it is imperative to understand not only the novel structural designs and optimization of MW engineering but also the perspective of materials engineering when implementing advanced RF devices with maximum performance for next-generation satellite and terrestrial communication. Herein, based on advanced nematic LCs, polymer-modified LCs, dual-frequency LCs, and photo-reactive LCs, this article summarizes and examines the modulation principles and key research directions for the design strategies of LCs for advanced smart RF devices with improved driving performance and novel functionality. Furthermore, the challenges in development of state-of-the-art smart RF devices that use LCs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junseok Ma
- Laboratory of Wave-Arrays and Display Engineering (WADE Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Choi
- Laboratory of Wave-Arrays and Display Engineering (WADE Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungeun Park
- Laboratory of Wave-Arrays and Display Engineering (WADE Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Imbo Kong
- Laboratory of Wave-Arrays and Display Engineering (WADE Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Microwave Antenna, Device and System (MADs Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheonga Lee
- Laboratory of Microwave Antenna, Device and System (MADs Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngno Youn
- Laboratory of Microwave Antenna, Device and System (MADs Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeonggin Hwang
- Laboratory of Microwave Antenna, Device and System (MADs Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Oh
- Laboratory of Liquid Crystal Photonics (LCP Group), Department of Electrical Information Communication Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, 25913, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonbin Hong
- Laboratory of Microwave Antenna, Device and System (MADs Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooksung Kim
- Laboratory of Wave-Arrays and Display Engineering (WADE Group), Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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4
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Park J, Shimizu Y, Zhou X, Ikura R, Matsuba G, Takashima Y. Water-Content-Dependent Switching of the Bending Behavior of Photoresponsive Hydrogels Composed of Hydrophilic Acrylamide-Based Main Chains and Hydrophobic Azobenzene. Gels 2023; 9:658. [PMID: 37623113 PMCID: PMC10453818 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoresponsiveness is a promising characteristic of stimulus-responsive materials. Photoresponsiveness can be achieved by incorporating photoresponsive molecules into polymeric materials. In addition, multiple-stimuli-responsive materials have attracted scientists' interest. Among the numerous multiple-stimuli-responsive materials, moisture- and photoresponsive materials are the focus of this report. These stimuli-responsive materials responded to the stimuli synergistically or orthogonally. Unlike most stimulus-responsive materials utilizing moisture and light as stimuli, the materials studied herein switch their photoresponsiveness in the presence of moisture. Appropriate copolymers consisting of hydrophilic acrylamide-based monomers for the main chain and hydrophobic azobenzene moieties switched their bending behaviors at 6-9 wt% water contents. At water contents lower than 6 wt%, the polymeric materials bent away from the light source, while they bent toward the light source at water contents higher than 10 wt%. At a low water content, the bending behaviors can be described on the molecular scale. At a high water content, the bending behavior requires consideration of the phase scale, not only the molecular scale. By controlling the balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, the switching behavior was achieved. This switching behavior may inspire additional strategies for the application of polymeric material as actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsu Park
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
| | - Ryohei Ikura
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Go Matsuba
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Yamagata, Japan;
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan (R.I.)
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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Hamaguchi K, Lu H, Okamura S, Kajiyama S, Uchida J, Sato S, Watanabe G, Ishii Y, Washizu H, Ungar G, Kato T. Reentrant 2D Nanostructured Liquid Crystals by Competition between Molecular Packing and Conformation: Potential Design for Multistep Switching of Ionic Conductivity. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200927. [PMID: 36594677 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Reentrant phenomena in soft matter and biosystems have attracted considerable attention because their properties are closely related to high functionality. Here, we report a combined experimental and computational study on the self-assembly and reentrant behavior of a single-component thermotropic smectic liquid crystal toward the realization of dynamically functional materials. We have designed and synthesized a mesogenic molecule consisting of an alicyclic trans,trans-bicyclohexyl mesogen and a polar cyclic carbonate group connected by a flexible tetra(oxyethylene) spacer. The molecule exhibits an unprecedented sequence of layered smectic phases, in the order: smectic A-smectic B-reentrant smectic A. Electron density profiles and large-scale molecular dynamics simulations indicate that competition between the stacking of bicyclohexyl mesogens and the conformational flexibility of tetra(oxyethylene) chains induces this unusual reentrant behavior. Ion-conductive reentrant liquid-crystalline materials have been developed, which undergo the multistep conductivity changes in response to temperature. The reentrant liquid crystals have potential as new mesogenic materials exhibiting switching functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Hamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Huanjun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Shota Okamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kajiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Junya Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sato
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Go Watanabe
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishii
- Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Washizu
- Graduate School of Information Science, University of Hyogo Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Goran Ungar
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.,Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University Wakasato, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
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6
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Li H, Xue Y, Tian J, Li S, Wang J, Chen P, Tian L, He J, Zhang M, Liu B, Gou Y, Xu X, Li Y, Xin L. A large-format streak tube for compressed ultrafast photography. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:113303. [PMID: 36461448 DOI: 10.1063/5.0105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Streak cameras are powerful imaging instruments for studying ultrafast dynamics with the temporal resolution ranging from picosecond to attosecond. However, the confined detection area limits the information capacity of streak cameras, preventing them from fulfilling their potential in lidar, compressed ultrafast photography, etc. Here, we designed and manufactured a large-format streak tube with a large-size round-aperture gate, a spherical cathode, and a spherical screen, leading to an expanded detection area and a high spatial resolution. The simulation results show that the physical temporal resolution of the streak tube is better than 45 ps and the spatial resolutions are higher than 14 lp/mm in the whole area of 24 × 28 mm2 on the cathode. The experiments demonstrate the streak tube's application potential in weak light imaging benefiting from the imaging magnification of 0.79, a photocathode radiance sensitivity of 37 mA/W, a radiant emitting gain of 11.6 at the wavelength of 500 nm, and a dynamic range higher than 512:1. Most importantly, in the photocathode area of Φ35 mm, the static spatial resolutions at the center and the edge along the slit (R = 16 mm) reach 32 and 28 lp/mm, respectively, and are higher than 10 lp/mm in the whole area of 24 × 28 mm2 on the cathode, allowing for a considerable capacity for spatial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yanhua Xue
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jinshou Tian
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Shaohui Li
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Liping Tian
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jianping He
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Minrui Zhang
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Baiyu Liu
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yongsheng Gou
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xiangyan Xu
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Liwei Xin
- Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
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Klokic S, Naumenko D, Marmiroli B, Carraro F, Linares-Moreau M, Zilio SD, Birarda G, Kargl R, Falcaro P, Amenitsch H. Unraveling the timescale of the structural photo-response within oriented metal-organic framework films. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11869-11877. [PMID: 36320901 PMCID: PMC9580475 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02405e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamental knowledge on the intrinsic timescale of structural transformations in photo-switchable metal-organic framework films is crucial to tune their switching performance and to facilitate their applicability as stimuli-responsive materials. In this work, for the first time, an integrated approach to study and quantify the temporal evolution of structural transformations is demonstrated on an epitaxially oriented DMOF-1-on-MOF film system comprising azobenzene in the DMOF-1 pores (DMOF-1/AB). We employed time-resolved Grazing Incidence Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering measurements to track the structural response of the DMOF-1/AB film upon altering the length of the azobenzene molecule by photo-isomerization (trans-to-cis, 343 nm; cis-to-trans, 450 nm). Within seconds, the DMOF-1/AB response occurred fully reversible and over several switching cycles by cooperative photo-switching of the oriented DMOF-1/AB crystallites as confirmed further by infrared measurements. Our work thereby suggests a new avenue to elucidate the timescales and photo-switching characteristics in structurally responsive MOF film systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumea Klokic
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Denys Naumenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Benedetta Marmiroli
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Mercedes Linares-Moreau
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Simone Dal Zilio
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC S.S. 14, 163.5 km, Basovizza Trieste 34149 Italy
| | - Giovanni Birarda
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste - SISSI Bio Beamline S.S. 14, 163.5 km, Basovizza Trieste 34149 Italy
| | - Rupert Kargl
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Bio-Based Systems, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology 8010 Graz Austria
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8
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Saida Y, Shikata R, En-Ya K, Ohmura S, Nishina Y, Hada M. Development of a Multitimescale Time-Resolved Electron Diffraction Setup: Photoinduced Dynamics of Oxygen Radicals on Graphene Oxide. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6301-6308. [PMID: 36063425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed a multitimescale time-resolved electron diffraction setup by electrically synchronizing a nanosecond laser with our table-top picosecond time-resolved electron diffractometer. The setup covers the photoinduced structural dynamics of target materials at timescales ranging from picoseconds to submilliseconds. Using this setup, we sequentially observed the ultraviolet (UV) photoinduced bond dissociation, radical formation, and relaxation dynamics of the oxygen atoms in the epoxy functional group on the basal plane of graphene oxide (GO). The results show that oxygen radicals formed via UV photoexcitation on the basal plane of GO in several tens of picoseconds and then relaxed back to the initial state on the microsecond timescale. The results of first-principles calculations also support the formation of oxygen radicals in the excited state on an early timescale. These results are essential for the further discussion of the reactivities on the basal plane of GO, such as catalytic reactions and antibacterial and antiviral activities. The results also suggest that the multitimescale time-resolved electron diffraction system is a promising tool for laboratory-based molecular dynamics studies of materials and chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Saida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Ryo Shikata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kaito En-Ya
- College of Engineering Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohmura
- Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima 731-5193, Japan
| | - Yuta Nishina
- Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masaki Hada
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan.,Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
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9
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Supramolecular nylon-based actuators with a high work efficiency based on host–guest complexation and the mechanoisomerization of azobenzene. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00666-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Uchida J, Soberats B, Gupta M, Kato T. Advanced Functional Liquid Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109063. [PMID: 35034382 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals have been intensively studied as functional materials. Recently, integration of various disciplines has led to new directions in the design of functional liquid-crystalline materials in the fields of energy, water, photonics, actuation, sensing, and biotechnology. Here, recent advances in functional liquid crystals based on polymers, supramolecular complexes, gels, colloids, and inorganic-based hybrids are reviewed, from design strategies to functionalization of these materials and interfaces. New insights into liquid crystals provided by significant progress in advanced measurements and computational simulations, which enhance new design and functionalization of liquid-crystalline materials, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa Km. 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, 07122, Spain
| | - Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, Wakasato, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
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11
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Okaji M, Yamauchi M, Masuo S. Visible Light-induced Emission Enhancement in Aggregates of an Azobenzene Derivative. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miho Okaji
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Masuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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12
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Kimura R, Kitakado H, Yamakado T, Yoshida H, Saito S. Probing a microviscosity change at the nematic-isotropic liquid crystal phase transition by a ratiometric flapping fluorophore. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2128-2131. [PMID: 35072199 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06111a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the microviscosity of soft condensed matter is important to clarify the mechanisms of chemical, physical or biological events occurring at the nanoscale. Here, we report that flapping fluorophores (FLAP) can serve as microviscosity probes capable of detecting small changes. By the ratiometric fluorescence analysis, one of the FLAP probes detects a macroscopic viscosity change of a few cP, occurring at the thermal phase transition of a nematic liquid crystal. We discuss the impact of the chemical structure on the detection capability, and the orientation of the FLAP molecules in the ground and excited states. This work contributes to experimentally providing a molecular picture of liquid crystals, which are often viewed as a continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kimura
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hidetsugu Kitakado
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Takuya Yamakado
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shohei Saito
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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13
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Yamauchi M, Okaji M, Aratani N, Yamada H, Masuo S. Reversible Photoluminescence Control of Azobenzene Crystals by Light and Heat Stimulation. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Kwansei Gakuin University Applied Chemistry for Environment 2-1 Gakuen 669-1337 Sanda JAPAN
| | - Miho Okaji
- Kwansei Gakuin University: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Applied Chemistry for Environment JAPAN
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Sadahiro Masuo
- Kwansei Gakuin University: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku Applied Chemistry for Environment JAPAN
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14
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Yamauchi M, Yamamoto S, Masuo S. A Highly Ordered Quantum Dot Supramolecular Assembly Exhibiting Photoinduced Emission Enhancement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Seiya Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Sadahiro Masuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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15
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Yamauchi M, Yamamoto S, Masuo S. A Highly Ordered Quantum Dot Supramolecular Assembly Exhibiting Photoinduced Emission Enhancement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6473-6479. [PMID: 33368995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent supramolecular assembly systems enable the generation of materials with outstanding properties, not obtained from single-component systems, via a synergetic effect. Herein, we demonstrate a novel supramolecular coassembly system rendering highly ordered quantum dot (QD) arrangement structures formed via the self-assembly of azobenzene derivatives, where the photocontrollable photoluminescence (PL) properties of the QDs are realized based on photoisomerization. Upon mixing the assembled azobenzene derivatives and QDs in apolar media, a time-evolution coaggregation into hierarchical nanosheets with a highly ordered QD arrangement structure occurs. Upon photoirradiation, the nanosheets transform into ill-defined aggregates without arranged QDs together with enhancing the PL intensity. In days, the photoirradiated coaggregates undergo recovery of the PL properties corresponding to the arranged QDs through thermal isomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Yamauchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Masuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
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16
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Wang Y, Gu Z, Deng X, Zhang B. Ultraviolet-light-triggered isomerization of Rydberg-excited propanal: Real-time capture of ultrafast structural evolution and dynamics investigation. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:054301. [PMID: 33557549 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure rearrangement processes, such as isomerization, are attracting extensive interest as a potential carrier in molecular scale electronics design. UV-light-triggered isomerization of Rydberg-excited propanal with two UV photons has been investigated with time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. By following the photoionization from 3s Rydberg states in the time domain, the ultrafast structural evolution and the corresponding photoisomerization dynamics are observed and tracked in real-time. The conversion barrier for isomerization from cis-propanal to gauche isomer is estimated to be about 1500 ± 100 cm-1 experimentally. Both the photoisomerization yield and the conversion rate have shown strong dependence on the excitation energy. It is observed that whether vibration modes are selectively excited or not, cis-to-gauche photoisomerization of propanal in 3s Rydberg state occurs once the excitation energy is higher than the conversion barrier without any vibrational excitation specificity. This yields a powerful approach to studying structural evolution dynamics in large molecules, which may have applications in molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenfei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xulan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
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17
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Hada M, Nishina Y, Kato T. Exploring Structures and Dynamics of Molecular Assemblies: Ultrafast Time-Resolved Electron Diffraction Measurements. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:731-743. [PMID: 33319986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusMolecular assemblies have been widely applied to functional soft materials in a variety of fields. Liquid crystal is one of the representative molecular soft materials in which weak intermolecular interactions induce its dynamic molecular behavior under external stimuli, such as electric and magnetic fields, photoirradiation, and thermal treatment. It is important to understand molecular behavior and motion in the liquid-crystalline (LC) states at the picosecond level for further functionalization of liquid crystals and molecular assembled materials. For investigation of assembled structures of the materials on the nanometer scale, X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements have been a powerful tool. Despite the dynamic nature of the assembled materials, however, time resolution of XRD is limited to millisecond due to the response speed of the detector, which hampered real-time observation of the dynamics of the molecular assembly. For further understanding of the dynamic behavior of functional molecules and improvement of performance for their applications, the insights of faster dynamics on the micro-, nano-, pico-, and even femtosecond time scales are required. In this context, the interdisciplinary approaches of the emerging fields of materials chemistry and ultrafast science will open up new aspects of molecular science and technology. These approaches may lead to more effective design of new functional materials, which enables us to control molecular behaviors and motions.The development of ultrashort pulsed X-ray and electron sources has resulted in the visualization of the key structural dynamics on the femto- to picosecond time scale not only in isolated molecules but also in assembled molecules, such as in the LC, crystal, and amorphous phases. We focus on ultrafast phenomena in molecular assemblies induced by photoexcitation. Ultrafast time-resolved electron diffraction measurements are sensitive to the molecular periodicity under photoexcitation, and thus the methodologies directly provide the ultrafast photoinduced molecular dynamic arrangements.In this Account, we describe ultrafast structural dynamics of molecules in the LC phases observed by time-resolved electron diffraction measurements. Photoinduced conformational changes of LC molecules is shown as the example, which is the first observation of LC molecule using time-resolved electron diffraction. It is important to understand the correlation between the conformational or configurational changes induced in a photoirradiated single molecule and the oriented collective motions of molecular assemblies induced by intermolecular interaction. We also show observation of collective motions of azobenzene LC molecules. The collective motions are initiated from photoreaction in a single molecule and are subsequently amplified by the steric interaction with its neighboring molecules.One remaining challenge is to create the platform of materials and sample preparations for time-resolved electron diffraction experiments, which can only be achieved by the interdisciplinary fusion of the fields of materials chemistry and ultrafast science. Time-resolved electron diffraction is a powerful tool for structural investigation of molecular materials with a dynamic nature, whose adaptability goes beyond that of more complex assemblies of carbon nanomaterials. This methodology will extend the possibility to investigate motions of a variety of molecular self-assemblies on a larger scale, for example, to understand responses of biomolecular assemblies and intermolecular chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Hada
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yuta Nishina
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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18
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Bio-Inspired Soft Robotics: Tunable Photo-Actuation Behavior of Azo Chromophore Containing Liquid Crystalline Elastomers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11031233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bio-inspiration relentlessly sparks the novel ideas to develop innovative soft robotic structures from smart materials. The conceptual soft robotic designs inspired by biomimetic routes have resulted in pioneering research contributions based on the understanding of the material selection and actuation properties. In an attempt to overcome the hazardous injuries, soft robotic systems are used subsequently to ensure safe human–robot interaction. In contrast to dielectric elastomer actuators, prolific efforts were made by understanding the photo-actuating properties of liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) containing azo-derivatives to construct mechanical structures and tiny portable robots for specific technological applications. The structure and material properties of these stimuli-responsive polymers can skillfully be controlled by light. In this short technical note, we highlight the potential high-tech importance and the photo-actuation behavior of some remarkable LCEs with azobenzene chromophores.
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19
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Kato T, Gupta M, Yamaguchi D, Gan KP, Nakayama M. Supramolecular Association and Nanostructure Formation of Liquid Crystals and Polymers for New Functional Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kian Ping Gan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masanari Nakayama
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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20
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All-optically phase-induced polarization modulation by means of holographic method. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5657. [PMID: 32221388 PMCID: PMC7101382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase-induced polarization modulation has been achieved experimentally by means of the all-optical holographic method. An extra spiral phase is added to a Gaussian beam and then a holographic grating is recorded through the interference of a Gaussian beam and the phase-vortex beam with the same linear polarization state in an azobenzene liquid-crystalline film. We report here that the polarization state of the diffraction light from the recorded grating is different from that of the incident light, while no polarization variation occurs for the holographic grating recorded by two Gaussian beams. The phase-induced polarization modulation is mainly attributed to the formation of birefringence in the film generated by phase vortex, which is investigated through the ripple patterns resulting from the competition between photoinduced torques and analysed by the Jones matrix. The experimental results could enrich the connotation between optical parameters and offer a method to realize polarization modulation through phase control.
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21
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Herath M, Epaarachchi J, Islam M, Fang L, Leng J. Light activated shape memory polymers and composites: A review. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Photoresponsive polymeric actuator cross-linked by an 8-armed polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Time-resolved electron microscopy is based on the excitation of a sample by pulsed laser radiation and its probing by synchronized photoelectron bunches in the electron microscope column. With femtosecond lasers, if probing pulses with a small number of electrons—in the limit, single-electron wave packets—are used, the stroboscopic regime enables ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution to be obtained, which is not restricted by the Coulomb repulsion of electrons. This review article presents the current state of the ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) method for detecting the structural dynamics of matter in the time range from picoseconds to attoseconds. Moreover, in the imaging mode, the spatial resolution lies, at best, in the subnanometer range, which limits the range of observation of structural changes in the sample. The ultrafast electron diffraction (UED), which created the methodological basis for the development of UEM, has opened the possibility of creating molecular movies that show the behavior of the investigated quantum system in the space-time continuum with details of sub-Å spatial resolution. Therefore, this review on the development of UEM begins with a description of the main achievements of UED, which formed the basis for the creation and further development of the UEM method. A number of recent experiments are presented to illustrate the potential of the UEM method.
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24
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Sinawang G, Osaki M, Takashima Y, Yamaguchi H, Harada A. Biofunctional hydrogels based on host–guest interactions. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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25
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Balam-Villarreal JA, López-Mayorga BJ, Gallardo-Rosas D, Toscano RA, Carreón-Castro MP, Basiuk VA, Cortés-Guzmán F, López-Cortés JG, Ortega-Alfaro MC. π-Extended push-pull azo-pyrrole photoswitches: synthesis, solvatochromism and optical band gaps. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1657-1670. [PMID: 32048680 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02410g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of push-pull biphenyl-azopyrrole compounds 3b-g and 4b-d was efficiently obtained via a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction between 2-(4'-iodophenyl-azo)-N-methyl pyrrole (1a) or 3-(4'-iodophenyl-azo)-1,2,5-trimethyl pyrrole (2a) and 4'-substituted phenyl boronic acids in excellent yields. The influence of the π-biphenyl backbone and pyrrole pattern substitution was correlated with their optical properties. Solvatochromic studies via UV-visible spectrophotometry revealed that the inclusion of a 4'-nitro-biphenyl fragment favors a red-shift of the main absorption band in these azo compounds compared with their non-substituted analogues. Likewise, optical band-gaps were estimated by means of electronic absorption spectra and correlated with TD-DFT studies. The pyrrole pattern substitution and the π-conjugated backbone exhibit a clear influence on their thermal isomerization kinetics at room temperature. In all cases, biphenylazo-pyrrole compounds lead to the formation of J-type aggregates in binary MeOH : H2O solvents. Under these conditions, compounds 3b-c undergo a water-assisted cis-to-trans isomerization at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Balam-Villarreal
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - B J López-Mayorga
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - D Gallardo-Rosas
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - R A Toscano
- Instituto de Química UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cuidad de México, Mexico.
| | - M P Carreón-Castro
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - V A Basiuk
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - F Cortés-Guzmán
- Instituto de Química UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cuidad de México, Mexico.
| | - J G López-Cortés
- Instituto de Química UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Cuidad de México, Mexico.
| | - M C Ortega-Alfaro
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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26
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Rajonson G, Poulet D, Bruneau M, Teboul V. Comparison of time reversal symmetric and asymmetric nano-swimmers oriented with an electric field in soft matter. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:024503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5133461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Rajonson
- Laboratoire de Photonique d’Angers EA 4464, Université d’Angers, Physics Department, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - D. Poulet
- Laboratoire de Photonique d’Angers EA 4464, Université d’Angers, Physics Department, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - M. Bruneau
- Laboratoire de Photonique d’Angers EA 4464, Université d’Angers, Physics Department, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - V. Teboul
- Laboratoire de Photonique d’Angers EA 4464, Université d’Angers, Physics Department, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
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