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Yamamoto T, Yamane H, Yokoshi N, Oka H, Ishihara H, Sugawara Y. Optical Imaging of a Single Molecule with Subnanometer Resolution by Photoinduced Force Microscopy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1724-1732. [PMID: 38157420 PMCID: PMC10795473 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Visualizing the optical response of individual molecules is a long-standing goal in catalysis, molecular nanotechnology, and biotechnology. The molecular response is dominated not only by the electronic states in their isolated environment but also by neighboring molecules and the substrate. Information about the transfer of energy and charge in real environments is essential for the design of the desired molecular functions. However, visualizing these factors with spatial resolution beyond the molecular scale has been challenging. Here, by combining photoinduced force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy, we have mapped the photoinduced force in a pentacene bilayer with a spatial resolution of 0.6 nm and observed its "multipole excitation". We identified the excitation as the result of energy and charge transfer between the molecules and to the Ag substrate. These findings can be achieved only by combining microscopy techniques to simultaneously visualize the optical response of the molecules and the charge transfer between the neighboring environments. Our approach and findings provide insights into designing molecular functions by considering the optical response at each step of layering molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Department
of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Yamane
- Department
of Physics, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
- Osaka
Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Izumi, Osaka 594-1157, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yokoshi
- Department
of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan
University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hisaki Oka
- Department
of Physics, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishihara
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Osaka
University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sugawara
- Department
of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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2
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Howlett MG, Fletcher SP. From autocatalysis to survival of the fittest in self-reproducing lipid systems. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:673-691. [PMID: 37612460 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Studying autocatalysis - in which molecules catalyse their own formation - might help to explain the emergence of chemical systems that exhibit traits normally associated with biology. When coupled to other processes, autocatalysis can lead to complex systems-level behaviour in apparently simple mixtures. Lipids are an important class of chemicals that appear simple in isolation, but collectively show complex supramolecular and mesoscale dynamics. Here we discuss autocatalytic lipids as a source of extraordinary behaviour such as primitive chemical evolution, chemotaxis, temporally controllable materials and even as supramolecular catalysts for continuous synthesis. We survey the literature since the first examples of lipid autocatalysis and highlight state-of-the-art synthetic systems that emulate life, displaying behaviour such as metabolism and homeostasis, with special consideration for generating structural complexity and out-of-equilibrium models of life. Autocatalytic lipid systems have enormous potential for building complexity from simple components, and connections between physical effects and molecular reactivity are only just beginning to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Howlett
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen P Fletcher
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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3
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Yurkov G, Koksharov Y, Fionov A, Taratanov N, Kolesov V, Kirillov V, Makeev M, Mikhalev P, Ryzhenko D, Solodilov V. Polymer Nanocomposite Containing Palladium Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:3795. [PMID: 36145940 PMCID: PMC9503152 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Composite nanomaterials have been prepared through thermal decomposition of palladium diacetate. The composite contains palladium nanoparticles embedded in high-pressure polyethylene. The materials were studied by a number of different physico-chemical methods, such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and EXAFS. The average size of the nanoparticles is 7.0 ± 0.5 nm. It is shown that with the decrease of metal content in the polymer matrix the average size of nanoparticles decreased from 7 to 6 nm, and the coordination number of palladium also decreased from 7 to 5.7. The mean size of palladium particles increases with the growing concentration of palladium content in the matrix. It is shown that the electrophysical properties of the material obtained depend on the filler concentration. The chemical composition of palladium components includes metallic palladium, palladium (III) oxide, and palladium dioxide. All samples have narrow lines (3-5 Oe) with a g factor of around two in the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra. It is shown that EPR lines have uneven boarding by saturation lines investigation. The relaxation component properties are different for spectral components. It leads to the spectrum line width depending on the magnetic field value. At first approximation, the EPR spectra can be described as a sum of two Lorentzian function graphs, corresponding to the following two paramagnetic centers: one is on the surface, and one is inside the palladium particles. Some of the experimental characteristics were measured for the first time. The data obtained indicate interesting properties of palladium-based nanocomposites, which will be useful for obtaining products based on these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Yurkov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Structurally Sensitive Functional Materials, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, BMSTU, 2-nd Baumanskaya, 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury Koksharov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Fionov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai Taratanov
- Ivanovo Institute of State Fire Service of Emercom of Russia, 153040 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Vladimir Kolesov
- Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Science, 125009 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav Kirillov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mstislav Makeev
- Department of Structurally Sensitive Functional Materials, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, BMSTU, 2-nd Baumanskaya, 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Mikhalev
- Department of Structurally Sensitive Functional Materials, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, BMSTU, 2-nd Baumanskaya, 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Ryzhenko
- Department of Structurally Sensitive Functional Materials, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, BMSTU, 2-nd Baumanskaya, 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy Solodilov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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Soon JW, Oohora K, Hayashi T. A disulphide bond-mediated hetero-dimer of a hemoprotein and a fluorescent protein exhibiting efficient energy transfer †. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28519-28524. [PMID: 36320522 PMCID: PMC9535469 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05249k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial protein hetero-dimerization is one of the promising strategies to construct protein-based chemical tools. In this work, cytochrome b562, an electron transfer hemoprotein, and green fluorescent protein (GFP) mutants with cysteine residues added to their surfaces were conjugated via a pyridyl disulphide-based thiol–disulfide exchange reaction. The eight hetero-dimers, which have cysteine residues at different positions to form the disulphide bonds, were obtained and characterized by gel-electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography. The fluorescence properties of the hetero-dimers were evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime measurements. Efficient photoinduced energy transfer from the GFP chromophore to the heme cofactor was observed in each of the hetero-dimers. The energy transfer efficiency is strongly dependent on the cross-linking residues, reaching 96%. Furthermore, the estimated Förster distance and the structure-based maximum possible distances of the donor and acceptor suggest that one of the hetero-dimers has a rigid protein–protein structure with favourable properties for energy transfer. The disulphide bond-mediated protein hetero-dimerization is useful for screening functional protein systems towards further developments. Hetero-dimerization of a hemoprotein and green fluorescent protein via a thiol–disulphide exchange reaction is achieved. The heterodimer has suitable cross-linking points and displays efficient energy transfer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Wong Soon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka UniversitySuita565-0871Japan
| | - Koji Oohora
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka UniversitySuita565-0871Japan
| | - Takashi Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka UniversitySuita565-0871Japan
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