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Pang J, Vince JE. The role of caspase-8 in inflammatory signalling and pyroptotic cell death. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101832. [PMID: 37625331 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The programmed cell death machinery exhibits surprising flexibility, capable of crosstalk and non-apoptotic roles. Much of this complexity arises from the diverse functions of caspase-8, a cysteine-aspartic acid protease typically associated with activating caspase-3 and - 7 to induce apoptosis. However, recent research has revealed that caspase-8 also plays a role in regulating the lytic gasdermin cell death machinery, contributing to pyroptosis and immune responses in contexts such as infection, autoinflammation, and T-cell signalling. In mice, loss of caspase-8 results in embryonic lethality from unrestrained necroptotic killing, while in humans caspase-8 deficiency can lead to an autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, immunodeficiency, inflammatory bowel disease or, when it can't cleave its substrate RIPK1, early onset periodic fevers. This review focuses on non-canonical caspase-8 signalling that drives immune responses, including its regulation of inflammatory gene transcription, activation within inflammasome complexes, and roles in pyroptotic cell death. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of caspase-8 function will aid in determining whether, and when, targeting caspase-8 pathways could be therapeutically beneficial in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyi Pang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - James E Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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2
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Kumar S, Budhathoki S, Oliveira CB, Kahle AD, Calhan OY, Lukens JR, Deppmann CD. Role of the caspase-8/RIPK3 axis in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and Aβ-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. JCI Insight 2023; 8:157433. [PMID: 36602874 PMCID: PMC9977425 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mediators of cell death and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have yet to be fully elucidated. Caspase-8 is a critical regulator of several cell death and inflammatory pathways; however, its role in AD pathogenesis has not yet been examined in detail. In the absence of caspase-8, mice are embryonic lethal due to excessive receptor interacting protein kinase 3-dependent (RIPK3-dependent) necroptosis. Compound RIPK3 and caspase-8 mutants rescue embryonic lethality, which we leveraged to examine the roles of these pathways in an amyloid β-mediated (Aβ-mediated) mouse model of AD. We found that combined deletion of caspase-8 and RIPK3, but not RIPK3 alone, led to diminished Aβ deposition and microgliosis in the mouse model of AD carrying human presenilin 1 and amyloid precursor protein with 5 familial AD mutations (5xFAD). Despite its well-known role in cell death, caspase-8 did not appear to affect cell loss in the 5xFAD model. In contrast, we found that caspase-8 was a critical regulator of Aβ-driven inflammasome gene expression and IL-1β release. Interestingly, loss of RIPK3 had only a modest effect on disease progression, suggesting that inhibition of necroptosis or RIPK3-mediated cytokine pathways is not critical during midstages of Aβ amyloidosis. These findings suggest that therapeutics targeting caspase-8 may represent a novel strategy to limit Aβ amyloidosis and neuroinflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushanth Kumar
- Department of Biology and,Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, and
| | | | | | | | | | - John R. Lukens
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, and,Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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3
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Marques-da-Silva C, Poudel B, Baptista RP, Peissig K, Hancox LS, Shiau JC, Pewe LL, Shears MJ, Kanneganti TD, Sinnis P, Kyle DE, Gurung P, Harty JT, Kurup SP. AIM2 sensors mediate immunity to Plasmodium infection in hepatocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2210181120. [PMID: 36595704 PMCID: PMC9926219 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210181120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites is a severe disease affecting millions of people around the world. Plasmodium undergoes obligatory development and replication in the hepatocytes, before initiating the life-threatening blood-stage of malaria. Although the natural immune responses impeding Plasmodium infection and development in the liver are key to controlling clinical malaria and transmission, those remain relatively unknown. Here we demonstrate that the DNA of Plasmodium parasites is sensed by cytosolic AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2) receptors in the infected hepatocytes, resulting in Caspase-1 activation. Remarkably, Caspase-1 was observed to undergo unconventional proteolytic processing in hepatocytes, resulting in the activation of the membrane pore-forming protein, Gasdermin D, but not inflammasome-associated proinflammatory cytokines. Nevertheless, this resulted in the elimination of Plasmodium-infected hepatocytes and the control of malaria infection in the liver. Our study uncovers a pathway of natural immunity critical for the control of malaria in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Marques-da-Silva
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
| | - Barun Poudel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Rodrigo P. Baptista
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
| | - Kristen Peissig
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
| | - Lisa S. Hancox
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Justine C. Shiau
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
| | - Lecia L. Pewe
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Melanie J. Shears
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | | | - Photini Sinnis
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD21205
| | - Dennis E. Kyle
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
| | - Prajwal Gurung
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - John T. Harty
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Samarchith P. Kurup
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30605
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4
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Olatunde AC, Cornwall DH, Roedel M, Lamb TJ. Mouse Models for Unravelling Immunology of Blood Stage Malaria. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1525. [PMID: 36146602 PMCID: PMC9501382 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria comprises a spectrum of disease syndromes and the immune system is a major participant in malarial disease. This is particularly true in relation to the immune responses elicited against blood stages of Plasmodium-parasites that are responsible for the pathogenesis of infection. Mouse models of malaria are commonly used to dissect the immune mechanisms underlying disease. While no single mouse model of Plasmodium infection completely recapitulates all the features of malaria in humans, collectively the existing models are invaluable for defining the events that lead to the immunopathogenesis of malaria. Here we review the different mouse models of Plasmodium infection that are available, and highlight some of the main contributions these models have made with regards to identifying immune mechanisms of parasite control and the immunopathogenesis of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tracey J. Lamb
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Emma Eccles Jones Medical Research Building, 15 N Medical Drive E, Room 1420A, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Wang S, Moreau F, Chadee K. Gasdermins in Innate Host Defense Against Entamoeba histolytica and Other Protozoan Parasites. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900553. [PMID: 35795683 PMCID: PMC9251357 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gasdermins (GSDMs) are a group of proteins that are cleaved by inflammatory caspases to induce pore formation in the plasma membrane to cause membrane permeabilization and lytic cell death or pyroptosis. All GSDMs share a conserved structure, containing a cytotoxic N-terminal (NT) pore-forming domain and a C-terminal (CT) repressor domain. Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) in contact with macrophages, triggers outside-in signaling to activate inflammatory caspase-4/1 via the noncanonical and canonical pathway to promote cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD). Cleavage of GSDMD removes the auto-inhibition that masks the active pore-forming NT domain in the full-length protein by interactions with GSDM-CT. The cleaved NT-GSDMD monomers then oligomerize to form pores in the plasma membrane to facilitate the release of IL-1β and IL-18 with a measured amount of pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is an effective way to counteract intracellular parasites, which exploit replicative niche to avoid killing. To date, most GSDMs have been verified to perform pore-forming activity and GSDMD-induced pyroptosis is rapidly emerging as a mechanism of anti-microbial host defence. Here, we review our comprehensive and current knowledge on the expression, activation, biological functions, and regulation of GSDMD cleavage with emphases on physiological scenario and related dysfunctions of each GSDM member as executioner of cell death, cytokine secretion and inflammation against Eh and other protozoan parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kris Chadee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Atoum MF, Alzoughool FE, Al-Mazaydeh ZA, Rammaha MS, Tahtamouni LH. Vitamin B12 enhances the antitumor activity of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 via activation of caspases and targeting actin cytoskeleton. Tumour Biol 2022; 44:17-35. [PMID: 35180142 DOI: 10.3233/tub-211536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is an effective anticancer agent, and when combined with other agents it shows superior activities. Vitamin B12 has been shown to contribute to increasing the effectiveness of anticancer drugs when used in combination. Thus, the current study aimed at investigating the anticancer potential of the combination of 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12. METHODS MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic activity of combining 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12 against six different cancer cell lines and one normal cell line. The surviving fraction after clonogenic assay was measured, and the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3/B12 combination on the activity of different caspases, cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton, cell morphology, and percentage of polarized cells were evaluated. RESULTS Vitamin B12 did not cause cytotoxicity, however, it enhanced the cytotoxicity of 1,25(OH)2D3 against cancer cells. The cytotoxic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its combination with vitamin B12 was not evident in the normal mammary MCF10A cell line indicating cancer cell-specificity. The cytotoxic effects of 1,25(OH)2D3/B12 combination occurred in a dose-dependent manner and was attributed to apoptosis induction which was mediated by caspase 4 and 8. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D3/B12-treated cells showed enhanced inhibition of clonogenic tumor growth, reduced cell adhesion, reduced cell area, reduced percentage of cell polarization, and disorganized actin cytoskeleton resulting in reduced migratory phenotype when compared to cells treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 alone. CONCLUSION 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12 exhibited synergistic anticancer effects against different cancer cell lines. The combination therapy of 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin B12 may provide a potential adjunctive treatment option for some cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar F Atoum
- Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Foad E Alzoughool
- Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty Applied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Fujairah Women's College, Higher Colleges Technology, UAE
| | - Zainab A Al-Mazaydeh
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Majdoleen S Rammaha
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Lubna H Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Park MY, Ha SE, Vetrivel P, Kim HH, Bhosale PB, Abusaliya A, Kim GS. Differences of Key Proteins between Apoptosis and Necroptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3420168. [PMID: 34934768 PMCID: PMC8684821 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3420168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Many different types of programmed cell death (PCD) have been identified, including apoptosis and necroptosis. Apoptosis is a type of cell death that is controlled by various genes. It is in charge of eliminating aberrant cells such as cancer cells, replenishing normal cells, and molding the body as it develops. Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that combines necrosis and apoptosis. In other words, it takes on a necrotic appearance, although cells die in a controlled manner. Various investigations of these two pathways have revealed that caspase-8, receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), and RIPK3 are crucial proteins in charge of the switching between these two pathways, resulting in the activation or inhibition of necroptosis. In this review, we have summarized the key proteins between apoptosis and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yeong Park
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Ha
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pritam Bhangwan Bhosale
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abuyaseer Abusaliya
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Han JH, Park J, Kang TB, Lee KH. Regulation of Caspase-8 Activity at the Crossroads of Pro-Inflammation and Anti-Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073318. [PMID: 33805003 PMCID: PMC8036737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-8 has been classified as an apoptotic caspase, and its initial definition was an initiator of extrinsic cell death. During the past decade, the concept of caspase-8 functioning has been changed by findings of its additional roles in diverse biological processes. Although caspase-8 was not originally thought to be involved in the inflammation process, many recent works have determined that caspase-8 plays an important role in the regulatory functions of inflammatory processes. In this review, we describe the recent advances in knowledge regarding the manner in which caspase-8 modulates the inflammatory responses concerning inflammasome activation, cell death, and cytokine induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyuk Han
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (J.P.); (K.-H.L.)
| | - Jooho Park
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (J.P.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27487, Korea
| | - Tae-Bong Kang
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (J.P.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27487, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-840-3904
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea; (J.-H.H.); (J.P.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27487, Korea
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Sena-dos-Santos C, Braga-da-Silva C, Marques D, Azevedo dos Santos Pinheiro J, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â, Cavalcante GC. Unraveling Cell Death Pathways during Malaria Infection: What Do We Know So Far? Cells 2021; 10:479. [PMID: 33672278 PMCID: PMC7926694 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a parasitic disease (caused by different Plasmodium species) that affects millions of people worldwide. The lack of effective malaria drugs and a vaccine contributes to this disease, continuing to cause major public health and socioeconomic problems, especially in low-income countries. Cell death is implicated in malaria immune responses by eliminating infected cells, but it can also provoke an intense inflammatory response and lead to severe malaria outcomes. The study of the pathophysiological role of cell death in malaria in mammalians is key to understanding the parasite-host interactions and design prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for malaria. In this work, we review malaria-triggered cell death pathways (apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, and ferroptosis) and we discuss their potential role in the development of new approaches for human malaria therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Sena-dos-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (C.S.-d.-S.); (C.B.-d.-S.); (D.M.); (J.A.d.S.P.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
| | - Cíntia Braga-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (C.S.-d.-S.); (C.B.-d.-S.); (D.M.); (J.A.d.S.P.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
| | - Diego Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (C.S.-d.-S.); (C.B.-d.-S.); (D.M.); (J.A.d.S.P.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
| | - Jhully Azevedo dos Santos Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (C.S.-d.-S.); (C.B.-d.-S.); (D.M.); (J.A.d.S.P.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (C.S.-d.-S.); (C.B.-d.-S.); (D.M.); (J.A.d.S.P.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil
| | - Giovanna C. Cavalcante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (C.S.-d.-S.); (C.B.-d.-S.); (D.M.); (J.A.d.S.P.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
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