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Liu Y, Niu T, Wang J, Li Y, Meng N, Yu B, Shi X, Xu K, Chen J, Ma D, Xia Y, Guo Q, Chen Y. Regulating the Grain-Growth Surface for Efficient Near-Infrared Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:10972-10979. [PMID: 39178196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites hold great potential for next-generation light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Despite significant progress, achieving high-performance PeLEDs hinges on optimizing the interface between the perovskite crystal film and the charge transport layers, especially the buried interface, which serves as the starting point for perovskite growth. Here, we develop a bottom-up perovskite film modulation strategy using formamidine acetate (FAAc) to enhance the buried interface. This multifaceted approach facilitates the vertical-oriented growth of high-quality perovskites with minimized defects. Meanwhile, the in situ deprotonation between FA+ and ZnO could eliminate the hydroxyl (-OH) defects and modulate the energy level of ZnO. The resulting FAPbI3-PeLED exhibits a champion EQE of 23.84% with enhanced operational stability and suppressed EQE roll-off. This strategy is also successfully extended to other mixed-halide PeLEDs (e.g., Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.75Br0.25)3), demonstrating its versatility as an efficient and straightforward method for enhancing the PeLEDs' performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Niu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajing Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Meng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Bufan Yu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangshan Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongge Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingdong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
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2
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Zhou F, Yi C, Wu J, Ke Y, Zhang Y, Wang N, Wang J. Spectrally Stable and Bright Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7419-7423. [PMID: 38995995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Mixing iodide and bromide in three-dimensional metal-halide perovskites is a facile strategy for achieving red light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, these devices often face challenges such as instability in electroluminescence spectra and low brightness due to phase segregation in mixed-halide perovskites. Here, we demonstrate spectrally stable and bright red perovskite LEDs by substituting some of the halide ions with pseudohalogen thiocyanate ions (SCN-). We find that SCN- can occupy halogen vacancies, thereby releasing microstrain and passivating defects in the perovskite crystals. This leads to the suppression of mixed-halide phase segregation under electrical bias. As a result, the red perovskite LEDs exhibit a high brightness of >35 000 cd m-2 with stable Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.713, 0.282). This brightness surpasses that of the best-performing red perovskite LEDs, showing great promise for advancing perovskite LEDs in display and lighting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - You Ke
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jianpu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, 21 Middle Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
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3
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Ke Y, Guo J, Kong D, Wang J, Kusch G, Lin C, Liu D, Kuang Z, Qian D, Zhou F, Zhang G, Niu M, Cao Y, Oliver RA, Dai D, Jin Y, Wang N, Huang W, Wang J. Efficient and Bright Deep-Red Light-Emitting Diodes based on a Lateral 0D/3D Perovskite Heterostructure. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2207301. [PMID: 36524445 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bright and efficient deep-red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are important for applications in medical therapy and biological imaging due to the high penetration of deep-red photons into human tissues. Metal-halide perovskites have potential to achieve bright and efficient electroluminescence due to their favorable optoelectronic properties. However, efficient and bright perovskite-based deep-red LEDs have not been achieved yet, due to either Auger recombination in low-dimensional perovskites or trap-assisted nonradiative recombination in 3D perovskites. Here, a lateral Cs4PbI6/FAxCs1- xPbI3 (0D/3D) heterostructure that can enable efficient deep-red perovskite LEDs at very high brightness is demonstrated. The Cs4PbI6 can facilitate the growth of low-defect FAxCs1- xPbI3, and act as low-refractive-index grids, which can simultaneously reduce nonradiative recombination and enhance light extraction. This device reaches a peak external quantum efficiency of 21.0% at a photon flux of 1.75 × 1021 m-2 s-1, which is almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of reported high-efficiency deep-red perovskite LEDs. Theses LEDs are suitable for pulse oximeters, showing an error <2% of blood oxygen saturation compared with commercial oximeters.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Ke
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jingshu Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Decheng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jingmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Gunnar Kusch
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Chen Lin
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhiyuan Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Dongmin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Fuyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Guangbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Meiling Niu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Rachel A Oliver
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Daoxin Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yizheng Jin
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Jianpu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
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Cui Q, Zhang D, Gao Y, Fan C, Cai Q, Li H, Wu X, Zhu M, Si J, Dai X, He H, Ye Z. Controlling Interfacial Amidation Reaction Rate to Regulate Crystal Growth toward High-Performance FAPbBr 3-Based Inverted Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10609-10617. [PMID: 38569090 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Controlling interfacial reactions is critical for zinc oxide (ZnO)-based inverted perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), boosting the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the near-infrared device to above 20%. However, violent interfacial reactions between the bromine-based perovskites and ZnO-based films severely limit the performance of inverted green PeLEDs, whose efficiency and stability lag far behind those of their near-infrared counterparts. Here, a controllable interfacial amidation between the bromine-based perovskites and magnesium-doped ZnO (ZnMgO) film utilizing caprylyl sulfobetaine (SFB) is realized. The SFB molecules strongly interact with formamidinium bromide, decelerating the amidation reaction between formamidinium and carboxylate groups on the ZnMgO film, thus regulating the crystallization of FAPbBr3. Combined with the passivation of benzylamine, a FAPbBr3 bulk film directly deposited on a ZnMgO substrate with single-crystal characteristics is obtained, exhibiting a high photoluminescence quantum yield of above 80%. The resultant PeLEDs demonstrate a peak EQE of exceeding 20% at a high luminance of 120,000 cd m-2 and a half lifetime of 26 min at 11,000 cd m-2, representing the state-of-the-art inverted green electroluminescence. This work resolves the crucial issues of violent interfacial reactions and provides a strategy toward inverted green PeLEDs with outstanding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaopeng Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dingshuo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yun Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chao Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials and Engineering Research Centre of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Qiuting Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongjin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Meiyi Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials and Engineering Research Centre of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Junjie Si
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xingliang Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials and Engineering Research Centre of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Haiping He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials and Engineering Research Centre of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Zhizhen Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials and Engineering Research Centre of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi 030000, China
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Ren Z, Guo B, Liu S, Lian Y, Wang Y, Xing S, Yang Y, Zhang G, Tang W, Gao Y, Wang Z, Hong J, Yu M, Zhang S, Lan D, Zou C, Zhao B, Di D. Bright and Stable Red Perovskite LEDs under High Current Densities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9012-9019. [PMID: 38331712 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) have emerged as a next-generation light-emitting technology. Recent breakthroughs were made in achieving highly stable near-infrared and green PeLEDs. However, the operational lifetimes (T50) of visible PeLEDs under high current densities (>10 mA cm-2) remain unsatisfactory (normally <100 h), limiting the possibilities in solid-state lighting and AR/VR applications. This problem becomes more pronounced for mixed-halide (e.g., red and blue) perovskite emitters in which critical challenges such as halide segregation and spectral instability are present. Here, we demonstrate bright and stable red PeLEDs based on mixed-halide perovskites, showing measured T50 lifetimes of up to ∼357 h at currents of ≥25 mA cm-2, a record for the operational stability of visible PeLEDs under high current densities. The devices produce intense and stable emission with a maximum luminance of 28,870 cd m-2 (radiance: 1584 W sr-1 m-2), which is record-high for red PeLEDs. Key to this demonstration is the introduction of sulfonamide, a dipolar molecular stabilizer that effectively interacts with the ionic species in the perovskite emitters. It suppresses halide segregation and migration into the charge-transport layers, resulting in enhanced stability and brightness of the mixed-halide PeLEDs. These results represent a substantial step toward bright and stable PeLEDs for emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bingbing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yaxiao Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shiyu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yichen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weidong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuxiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiawei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Minhui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dongchen Lan
- College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Baodan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dawei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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6
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Guo J, Lu M, Zhang X, Sun S, Han C, Zhang Y, Yang X, Kershaw SV, Zheng W, Rogach AL. Highly Stable and Efficient Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Orthorhombic γ-CsPbI 3 Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9290-9301. [PMID: 37126487 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Orthorhombic γ-CsPbI3 possesses the highest structural stability among the optically active (light-emissive) CsPbI3 perovskites. Here, we make use of a seed-assisted heteroepitaxial growth to fabricate seed/core/shell CaIx/γ-CsPbI3/CaI2 nanocrystals. Ultrasmall CaIx nanoparticles serve as seeds to template the Pb-centered octahedral arrangement which enables the formation of the γ-CsPbI3 phase and at the same time inhibit lattice strain by blocking the force transfer that otherwise leads to an octahedral twist and so improve the structural stability of the resulting nanocrystals. An outer shell composed from the same material, CaI2, isolates the formed γ-CsPbI3 nanocrystals from the environment, which also significantly improves their stability under ambient conditions. Optical and electrical studies indicate that the seed/core/shell CaIx/γ-CsPbI3/CaI2 structure possesses a shallower set of trap states as compared to cubic α-CsPbI3 nanocrystals. Light-emitting diodes utilizing these γ-CsPbI3 nanocrystals show a record high external quantum efficiency of 25.3%, high brightness of over 13600 cd/m2, and an operational lifetime of ∼14 h before reaching 50% of their initial luminance. These devices can repeatedly be illuminated over 650 times at ∼500 cd/m2 with no decline of brightness, which indicates their great commercial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, and Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, and Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Han
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, and Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephen V Kershaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials MOE, School of Materials Science & Engineering, and Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
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7
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Mallick Z, Gupta V, Jain A, Bera C, Mandal D. Utilizing Strain-Engineered Stable Halide Perovskite for Interfacial Interaction with Molecular Dipoles To Enhance Ferroelectric Switching and Piezoresponse in Polymer Composite Nanofibers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:320-333. [PMID: 36525568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical and solar to electrical energy conversion using piezo- and ferroelectric and photovoltaic effects may be a practical answer to the rising energy demand. In this quest, piezoelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoroproylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) has gained interest due to its superior piezo- and ferroelectricity. In photovoltaic applications, inorganic halide perovskite (IHP) of CsPbI3 is considered a prime model compound. However, its application is limited because of the photoactive perovskite phase instability at ambient conditions. Here, we report the in situ synthesis of the stable perovskite γ-CsPbI3 through an electrospinning process at room temperature, encapsulated within a ferroelectric copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoroproylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) as a composite nanofiber. Computational calculation using density functional theory (DFT) reveals that tensile strain plays a critical role in the dynamical stabilization of γ-CsPbI3. This tensile strain is triggered by the electrospinning process, which aids in the formation and growth of γ-CsPbI3. In the CsPbI3-P(VDF-HFP) composite nanofiber, γ-CsPbI3 nucleates the polar β-crystalline phase in P(VDF-HFP), which results in the intrinsic piezo- and ferroelectric characteristics. The γ-CsPbI3 aids in preferable molecular dipole orientation, resulting in improved nanoscale piezo- and ferroelectric properties. The composite nanofiber features a higher piezoelectric d33 magnitude (∼30 pm/V) and lower decay constant for polarized domains (τcomposite ≈ 17). The composite was utilized as a piezoelectric nanogenerator to demonstrate human physiological motion monitoring in self-power mode. The relevant pressure sensitivities of 81 and 40 mV/kPa for the low-pressure (<0.6 kPa) and high-pressure (>0.6 to 12 kPa) ranges, respectively, promise its suitability in the health care sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinnia Mallick
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali140306, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Gupta
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali140306, Punjab, India
| | - Ayushi Jain
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali140306, Punjab, India
| | - Chandan Bera
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali140306, Punjab, India
| | - Dipankar Mandal
- Quantum Materials and Devices Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali140306, Punjab, India
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8
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Zou H, Duan Y, Yang S, Xu D, Yang L, Cui J, Zhou H, Wu M, Wang J, Lei X, Zhang N, Liu Z. 20.67%-Efficiency Inorganic CsPbI 3 Solar Cells Enabled by Zwitterion Ion Interface Treatment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206205. [PMID: 36399648 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been extensively studied due to their high thermal stability and unprecedented rise in power conversion efficiency (PCE). Recently, the champion PCE of CsPbI3 PSCs has reached up to 21%; however, it is still much lower than that of organic-inorganic hybrid PSCs. Interface modification to passivate surface defects and minimize charge recombination and trapping is important to further improve the efficiency of CsPbI3 PSCs. Herein, a new zwitterion ion is deposited at the interface between electron transporting layer (ETL) and perovskite layer to passivate the defects therein. The zwitterion ions can not only passivate oxygen vacancy (VO ) and iodine vacancy (VI ) defects, but also improve the band alignment at the ETL-perovskite interface. After the interface treatment, the PCE of CsPbI3 device reaches up to 20.67%, which is among the highest values of CsPbI3 PSCs so far. Due to the defect passivation and hydrophobicity improvement, the PCE of optimized device remains 94% of its original value after 800 h storing under ambient condition. These results provide an efficient way to improve the quality of ETL-perovskite interface by zwitterion ions for achieving high performance inorganic CsPbI3 PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Shaomin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Dongfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Meizi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jungang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xuruo Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhike Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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9
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Bkkar MA, Olekhnovich RO, Kremleva AV, Kovach YN, Kalanchina V, Uspenskaya MV. Fabrication of electrospun polymer nanofibers modified with all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals for flexible optoelectronic devices. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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10
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Li N, Apergi S, Chan CCS, Jia Y, Xie F, Liang Q, Li G, Wong KS, Brocks G, Tao S, Zhao N. Diammonium-Mediated Perovskite Film Formation for High-Luminescence Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202042. [PMID: 35642723 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
3D mixed-halide perovskite-based red emitters combine excellent charge-transport characteristics with simple solution processing and good film formation; however, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on these emitters cannot yet outperform their nanocrystal counterparts. Here the use of diammonium halides in regulating the formation of mixed bromide-iodide perovskite films is explored. It is found that the diammonium cations preferentially bond to Pb-Br, rather than Pb-I, octahedra, promoting the formation of quasi-2D phases. It is proposed that the perovskite formation is initially dominated by the crystallization of the thermodynamically more favorable 3D phase, but, as the solution gets depleted from the regular A cations, thin shells of amorphous quasi-2D perovskites form. This leads to crystalline perovskite grains with efficiently passivated surfaces and reduced lattice strain. As a result, the diammonium-treated perovskite LEDs demonstrate a record luminance (10745 cd m-2 ) and half-lifetime among 3D perovskite-based red LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Sofia Apergi
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher C S Chan
- Department of Physics, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Yongheng Jia
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Fangyan Xie
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Liang
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Sing Wong
- Department of Physics, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong
| | - Geert Brocks
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7500AE, The Netherlands
| | - Shuxia Tao
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
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11
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Yang L, Feng J, Liu Z, Duan Y, Zhan S, Yang S, He K, Li Y, Zhou Y, Yuan N, Ding J, Liu SF. Record-Efficiency Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Multifunctional Organic Ions Interface Passivation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201681. [PMID: 35435279 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) have attracted great attention because of their unique advantages in lightweight and portable electronics applications. However, their efficiencies are far inferior to those of their rigid counterparts. Herein, a novel histamine diiodate (HADI) is designed based on theoretical study to modify the SnO2 /perovskite interface. Systematic experimental results reveal that the HADI serves effectively as a multifunctional agent mainly in three aspects: 1) surface modification to realign the SnO2 conduction band upward to improve interfacial charge extraction; 2) passivating the buried perovskite surface, and 3) bridging between the SnO2 and perovskite layers for effective charge transfer. Consequently, the rigid MA-free PSCs based on the HADI-SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL) display not only a high champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.79% and open-circuit voltage (VOC ) of 1.20 V but also outstanding stability as demonstrated by the PSCs preserving 91% of their initial efficiencies after being exposed to ambient atmosphere for 1200 h without any encapsulation. Furthermore, the solution-processed HADI-SnO2 ETL formed at low temperature (100 °C) is utilized in f-PSCs that achieve a PCE as high as 22.44%, the highest reported PCE for f-PSCs to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jiangshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhike Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Sheng Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Shaomin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Kun He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yawei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ningyi Yuan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Jianning Ding
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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12
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Li N, Jia Y, Guo Y, Zhao N. Ion Migration in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes: Mechanism, Characterizations, and Material and Device Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108102. [PMID: 34847262 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as a promising new lighting technology with high external quantum efficiency, color purity, and wavelength tunability, as well as, low-temperature processability. However, the operational stability of PeLEDs is still insufficient for their commercialization. The generation and migration of ionic species in metal halide perovskites has been widely acknowledged as the primary factor causing the performance degradation of PeLEDs. Herein, this topic is systematically discussed by considering the fundamental and engineering aspects of ion-related issues in PeLEDs, including the material and processing origins of ion generation, the mechanisms driving ion migration, characterization approaches for probing ion distributions, the effects of ion migration on device performance and stability, and strategies for ion management in PeLEDs. Finally, perspectives on remaining challenges and future opportunities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yongheng Jia
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yuwei Guo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong
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13
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Zhang Q, Song YH, Hao JM, Lan YF, Feng LZ, Ru XC, Wang JJ, Song KH, Yang JN, Chen T, Yao HB. α-BaF 2 Nanoparticle Substrate-Enabled γ-CsPbI 3 Heteroepitaxial Growth for Efficient and Bright Deep-Red Light-Emitting Diodes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8162-8170. [PMID: 35442667 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite is attractive for deep-red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) because of its excellent carrier mobility, high color purity, and solution processability. However, the high phase transition energy barrier of optically active CsPbI3 black phase hinders the fabrication of efficient and bright LEDs. Here, we report a novel α-BaF2 nanoparticle substrate-promoted solution-processable heteroepitaxial growth to overcome this hindrance and obtain high-quality optically active γ-CsPbI3 thin films, achieving efficient and bright deep-red LEDs. We unravel that the highly exposed planes on the α-BaF2 nanoparticle-based heteroepitaxial growth substrate have a 99.5% lattice matching degree with the (110) planes of γ-CsPbI3. This ultrahigh lattice matching degree initiates solution-processed interfacial strain-free epitaxial growth of low-defect and highly oriented γ-CsPbI3 thin films on the substrate. The obtained γ-CsPbI3 thin films are uniform, smooth, and highly luminescent, based on which we fabricate efficient and bright deep-red LEDs with a high peak external quantum efficiency of 14.1% and a record luminance of 1325 cd m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yong-Hui Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jing-Ming Hao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi-Feng Lan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li-Zhe Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xue-Chen Ru
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Kuang-Hui Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jun-Nan Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hong-Bin Yao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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14
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Wang K, Ma S, Xue X, Li T, Sha S, Ren X, Zhang J, Lu H, Ma J, Guo S, Liu Y, Feng J, Najar A, Liu S(F. Highly Efficient and Stable CsPbTh 3 (Th = I, Br, Cl) Perovskite Solar Cells by Combinational Passivation Strategy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105103. [PMID: 35072362 PMCID: PMC8948595 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The distorted lead iodide octahedra of all-inorganic perovskite based on triple halide-mixed CsPb(I2.85 Br0.149 Cl0.001 ) framework have made a tremendous breakthrough in its black phase stability and photovoltaic efficiency. However, their performance still suffers from severe ion migration, trap-induced nonradiative recombination, and black phase instability due to lower tolerance factor and high total energy. Here, a combinational passivation strategy to suppress ion migration and reduce traps both on the surface and in the bulk of the CsPhTh3 perovskite film is developed, resulting in improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) to as high as 19.37%. The involvement of guanidinium (GA) into the CsPhTh3 perovskite bulk film and glycocyamine (GCA) passivation on the perovskite surface and grain boundary synergistically enlarge the tolerance factor and suppress the trap state density. In addition, the acetate anion as a nucleating agent significantly improves the thermodynamic stability of GA-doped CsPbTh3 film through the slight distortion of PbI6 octahedra. The decreased nonradiative recombination loss translates to a high fill factor of 82.1% and open-circuit voltage (VOC ) of 1.17 V. Furthermore, bare CsPbTh3 perovskite solar cells without any encapsulation retain 80% of its initial PCE value after being stored for one month under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyiChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023China
| | - Simin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Simiao Sha
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Jingru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Jinfu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Powder Material & Advanced Ceramics International Scientific & Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Waste Recycling and Advanced MaterialsNingxia Research Center of Silicon Target and Silicon–Carbon Negative Materials Engineering TechnologySchool of Materials Science & EngineeringNorth Minzu UniversityYinchuan750021P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Jiangshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Adel Najar
- Department of PhysicsCollege of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain15505United Arab Emirates
| | - Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyiChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning116023China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100039P. R. China
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15
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Zeng J, Qi Y, Liu Y, Chen D, Ye Z, Jin Y. ZnO-Based Electron-Transporting Layers for Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes: Controlling the Interfacial Reactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:694-703. [PMID: 35023745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) provide new opportunities for cost-effective and large-area electroluminescent devices. It is of interest to use ZnO-based electron-transport layers (ETLs), which demonstrate superior performance in other solution-processed LEDs, in PeLEDs. However, the notorious deprotonation reaction between ZnO and perovskite casts doubt on the long-term stability of PeLEDs with ZnO-based ETLs. This Perspective presents an overview of the chemical reactions that may occur at the interfaces between perovskite and ZnO-based ETLs. We highlight that other interfacial reactions during the fabrication of PeLEDs, including the reactions between ZnO and the intermediate phase during perovskite crystallization and the amidation reactions catalyzed by ZnO, demonstrate critical utilities in the fabrication of high-efficiency and stable PeLEDs. Considering these recent advances, we propose future directions and prospects to design and control the interfacial reactions, aiming to fully exploit the potential of ZnO-based ETLs for realizing high-performance PeLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhui Qi
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Desui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhizhen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nano Materials, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, China
| | - Yizheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Chen Y, Liu X, Zhao Y. Organic Matrix Assisted Low‐temperature Crystallization of Black Phase Inorganic Perovskites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200240 China
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17
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Miao Y, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhang T, Wang T, Zhao Y. Deep-Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Based on One-Step-Formed γ-CsPbI 3 Cuboid Crystallites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105699. [PMID: 34632635 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite with high chemical stability is attractive for efficient deep-red perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with high color purity. Compared to PeLEDs based on ex-situ-synthesized CsPbI3 nanocrystals/quantum dots suffering from low conductivity and efficiency droop under high current densities, in situ deposited 3D CsPbI3 films from precursor solutions can maintain high conductivity but show high trap density. Here, it is demonstrated that introducing diammonium iodide can increase the size of colloids in the precursor solution, retard the phase-transition rate, and passivate trap states of the in-situ-formed cuboid crystallites. The PeLED based on the one-step-formed 3D CsPbI3 cuboid crystallite films shows a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) value up to 15.03% because of the high conductivity and reduced trap states. Furthermore, this one-step method also has a wide processing window, which is attractive for flow-line production of large-area PeLED modules. The fabrication of a 9 cm2 PeLED that exhibits a peak EQE of 10.30% is successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Taiyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tianfu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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18
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Zhang X, Chen X, Guo Y, Gu L, Wu Y, Bindra AK, Teo WL, Wu FG, Zhao Y. Thiolate-Assisted Route for Constructing Chalcogen Quantum Dots with Photoinduced Fluorescence Enhancement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48449-48456. [PMID: 34619967 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite great efforts in the development of diverse nanomaterials, a general route to synthesize metal-free chalcogen quantum dots (QDs) is still lacking. Moreover, the modification of chalcogen QDs is a bottleneck that severely hinders their applications. Herein, we develop a facile method to construct different chalcogen QDs (including S QDs, Se QDs, and Te QDs) with the assistance of thiolates. In addition to stabilizing chalcogen QDs, the thiolates also endow the chalcogen QDs with favorable modifiability. Different from most dyes whose fluorescence is quenched after short-term light irradiation, the prepared chalcogen QDs have significantly enhanced fluorescence emission under continuous light irradiation. Taking advantage of the distinctive photoinduced fluorescence enhancement property, long-time cell imaging with superb performance is realized using the chalcogen QDs. It is envisioned that the chalcogen QDs show promising potential as fluorescent materials in different fields beyond bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Xiaokai Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yi Guo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Long Gu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yinglong Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Anivind Kaur Bindra
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Wei Liang Teo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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Chen Y, Liu X, Zhao Y. Organic Matrix Assisted Low-temperature Crystallization of Black Phase Inorganic Perovskites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202110603. [PMID: 34491611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
All-inorganic perovskites have attracted increasing attention for applications in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and optoelectronics, including light-emitting devices (LEDs). Cesium lead halide perovskites with tunable I/Br ratios and a band gap aligning with the sunlight region are promising candidates for PSCs. Although impressive progress has been made to improve device efficiency from the initial 2.9 % with low phase stability to over 20 % with high stability, there are still questions regarding the perovskite crystal growth mechanism, especially at low temperatures. In this Minireview, we summarize recent developments in using an organic matrix, including the addition and use of organic ions, polymers, and solvent molecules, for the crystallization of black phase inorganic perovskites at temperatures lower than the phase transition point. We also discuss possible mechanisms for this low-temperature crystallization and their effect on the stability of black phase perovskites. We conclude with an outlook and perspective for further fabrication of large-scale inorganic perovskites for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetian Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200240, China
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