1
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Rodriguez JR, Aguirre SB, Qi Z, Wang H, Pol VG. Amorphous GeSnSe nanoparticles as a Li-Ion battery anode with High-Capacity and long cycle performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 673:781-787. [PMID: 38905999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
A new ternary amorphous GeSnSe (GSS) nanopowder was effectively synthesized by using ball milling under inert atmosphere. Its topographical, microstructural and elemental characterizations revealed the formation of nanoparticles with undefined shape, short-range order and the tailored stoichiometry. Remarkably, this novel amorphous material demonstrates its competences as a promising Li-ion host anode, exhibiting a high cycle performance with a specific charge capacity of 963 mAh g-1 at an applied C-rate of 0.2C with a coulombic efficiency > 99.4 % after 300 cycles. Its high specific capacity, large rate capability, acceptable capacity retention and long cycle life could be attributed to a dual Li-ion storage mechanism that consists mostly of multiple reversible electrochemical processes as conversion and alloying reactions and capacitive processes. Moreover, its stable volume expansion (34 %), moderate electrode polarization (248.9 mV), reasonable charge transfer resistance (83 Ω) and apparent Li-ion diffusion coefficients between 10-9 - 10-14 cm2 s-1 could be promoted by a synergistic effect between Ge (capacity), Sn (conductivity) and Se (stability), which plays an important role on the stability and high cycle performance of the promising GSS-based anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jassiel R Rodriguez
- Departamento de Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada, BC 22860, México.
| | - Sandra B Aguirre
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, BC 22860, México
| | - Zhimin Qi
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Vilas G Pol
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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2
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Chakraborty S, Ramola K. Long-range correlations in elastic moduli and local stresses at the unjamming transition. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4895-4904. [PMID: 38860707 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00328d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
We explore the behaviour of spatially heterogeneous elastic moduli as well as the correlations between local moduli in model solids with short-range repulsive potentials. We show through numerical simulations that local elastic moduli exhibit long-range correlations, similar to correlations in the local stresses. Specifically, the correlations in local shear moduli exhibit anisotropic behavior at large lengthscales characterized by pinch-point singularities in Fourier space, displaying a structural pattern akin to shear stress correlations. Focussing on two-dimensional jammed solids approaching the unjamming transition, we show that stress correlations exhibit universal properties, characterized by a quadratic p2 dependence of the correlations as the pressure p approaches zero, independent of the details of the model. In contrast, the modulus correlations exhibit a power-law dependence with different exponents depending on the specific interaction potential. Furthermore, we illustrate that while affine responses lack long-range correlations, the total modulus, which encompasses non-affine behavior, exhibits long-range correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kabir Ramola
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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3
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Monfared S, Ravichandran G, Andrade JE, Doostmohammadi A. Short-range correlation of stress chains near solid-to-liquid transition in active monolayers. J R Soc Interface 2024; 21:20240022. [PMID: 38715321 PMCID: PMC11077009 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2024.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Using a three-dimensional model of cell monolayers, we study the spatial organization of active stress chains as the monolayer transitions from a solid to a liquid state. The critical exponents that characterize this transition map the isotropic stress percolation onto the two-dimensional random percolation universality class, suggesting short-range stress correlations near this transition. This mapping is achieved via two distinct, independent pathways: (i) cell-cell adhesion and (ii) active traction forces. We unify our findings by linking the nature of this transition to high-stress fluctuations, distinctly linked to each pathway. The results elevate the importance of the transmission of mechanical information in dense active matter and provide a new context for understanding the non-equilibrium statistical physics of phase transition in active systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Monfared
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, 2100, Denmark
| | - Guruswami Ravichandran
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, , CA, 91125, USA
| | - José E. Andrade
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, , CA, 91125, USA
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4
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Maharana R, Das D, Chaudhuri P, Ramola K. Universal stress correlations in crystalline and amorphous packings. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:044903. [PMID: 38755843 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.044903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
We present a universal characterization of stress correlations in athermal systems, across crystalline to amorphous packings. Via numerical analysis of static configurations of particles interacting through harmonic as well as Lennard-Jones potentials, for a variety of preparation protocols and ranges of microscopic disorder, we show that the properties of the stress correlations at large lengthscales are surprisingly universal across all situations, independent of structural correlations, or the correlations in orientational order. In the near-crystalline limit, we present exact results for the stress correlations for both models, which work surprisingly well at large lengthscales, even in the amorphous phase. Finally, we study the differences in stress fluctuations across the amorphization transition, where stress correlations reveal the loss of periodicity in the structure at short lengthscales with increasing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Maharana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500107, India
| | - Debankur Das
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37 077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pinaki Chaudhuri
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India
| | - Kabir Ramola
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500107, India
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5
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Tung CH, Chang SY, Yip S, Wang Y, Carrillo JMY, Sumpter BG, Shinohara Y, Do C, Chen WR. Viscoelastic relaxation and topological fluctuations in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:094506. [PMID: 38445839 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
A method for characterizing the topological fluctuations in liquids is proposed. This approach exploits the concept of the weighted gyration tensor of a collection of particles and permits the definition of a local configurational unit (LCU). The first principal axis of the gyration tensor serves as the director of the LCU, which can be tracked and analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations. Analysis of moderately supercooled Kob-Andersen mixtures suggests that orientational relaxation of the LCU closely follows viscoelastic relaxation and exhibits a two-stage behavior. The slow relaxing component of the LCU corresponds to the structural, Maxwellian mechanical relaxation. Additionally, it is found that the mean curvature of the LCUs is approximately zero at the Maxwell relaxation time with the Gaussian curvature being negative. This observation implies that structural relaxation occurs when the configurationally stable and destabilized regions interpenetrate each other in a bicontinuous manner. Finally, the mean and Gaussian curvatures of the LCUs can serve as reduced variables for the shear stress correlation, providing a compelling proof of the close connection between viscoelastic relaxation and topological fluctuations in glass-forming liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Huan Tung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yi Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Sidney Yip
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yuya Shinohara
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Changwoo Do
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Wei-Ren Chen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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6
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Dyre JC. Solid-that-Flows Picture of Glass-Forming Liquids. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1603-1617. [PMID: 38306474 PMCID: PMC10875679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
This perspective article reviews arguments that glass-forming liquids are different from those of standard liquid-state theory, which typically have a viscosity in the mPa·s range and relaxation times on the order of picoseconds. These numbers grow dramatically and become 1012 - 1015 times larger for liquids cooled toward the glass transition. This translates into a qualitative difference, and below the "solidity length" which is roughly one micron at the glass transition, a glass-forming liquid behaves much like a solid. Recent numerical evidence for the solidity of ultraviscous liquids is reviewed, and experimental consequences are discussed in relation to dynamic heterogeneity, frequency-dependent linear-response functions, and the temperature dependence of the average relaxation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe C Dyre
- "Glass and Time", IMFUFA, Dept. of Sciences, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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7
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Magrini T, Fox C, Wihardja A, Kolli A, Daraio C. Control of Mechanical and Fracture Properties in Two-Phase Materials Reinforced by Continuous, Irregular Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305198. [PMID: 37845747 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Composites with high strength and high fracture resistance are desirable for structural and protective applications. Most composites, however, suffer from poor damage tolerance and are prone to unpredictable fractures. Understanding the behavior of materials with an irregular reinforcement phase offers fundamental guidelines for tailoring their performance. Here, the fracture nucleation and propagation in two phase composites, as a function of the topology of their irregular microstructures is studied. A stochastic algorithm is used to design the polymeric reinforcing network, achieving independent control of topology and geometry of the microstructure. By tuning the local connectivity of isodense tiles and their assembly into larger structures, the mechanical and fracture properties of the architected composites are tailored at the local and global scale. Finally, combining different reinforcing networks into a spatially determined meso-scale assembly, it is demonstrated how the spatial propagation of fracture in architected composite materials can be designed and controlled a priori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Magrini
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chelsea Fox
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Adeline Wihardja
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Athena Kolli
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chiara Daraio
- Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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8
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Dashti H, Saberi AA, Rahbari SHE, Kurths JFSTR. Emergence of rigidity percolation in flowing granular systems. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh5586. [PMID: 37656797 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Jammed granular media and glasses exhibit spatial long-range correlations as a result of mechanical equilibrium. However, the existence of such correlations in the flowing matter, where the mechanical equilibrium is unattainable, has remained elusive. Here, we investigate this problem in the context of the percolation of interparticle forces in flowing granular media. We find that the flow rate introduces an effective long-range correlation, which plays the role of a relevant perturbation giving rise to a spectrum of varying exponents on a critical line as a function of the flow rate. Our numerical simulations along with analytical arguments predict a crossover flow rate [Formula: see text] below which the effect of induced disorder is weak and the universality of the force chain structure is shown to be given by the standard rigidity percolation. We also find a power-law behavior for the critical exponents with the flow rate [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hor Dashti
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - Abbas Ali Saberi
- Department of Physics, University of Tehran, P. O. Box, 14395-547 Tehran, Iran
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - S H E Rahbari
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
| | - J Formula See Text Rgen Kurths
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Zhang S, Jin W, Wang D, Xu D, Zhang J, Shattuck MD, O'Hern CS. Local and global measures of the shear moduli of jammed disk packings. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:054903. [PMID: 37329065 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.054903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Strain-controlled isotropic compression gives rise to jammed packings of repulsive, frictionless disks with either positive or negative global shear moduli. We carry out computational studies to understand the contributions of the negative shear moduli to the mechanical response of jammed disk packings. We first decompose the ensemble-averaged, global shear modulus as 〈G〉=(1-F_{-})〈G_{+}〉+F_{-}〈G_{-}〉, where F_{-} is the fraction of jammed packings with negative shear moduli and 〈G_{+}〉 and 〈G_{-}〉 are the average values from packings with positive and negative moduli, respectively. We show that 〈G_{+}〉 and 〈|G_{-}|〉 obey different power-law scaling relations above and below pN^{2}∼1. For pN^{2}>1, both 〈G_{+}〉N and 〈|G_{-}|〉N∼(pN^{2})^{β}, where β∼0.5 for repulsive linear spring interactions. Despite this, 〈G〉N∼(pN^{2})^{β^{'}} with β^{'}≳0.5 due to the contributions from packings with negative shear moduli. We show further that the probability distribution of global shear moduli P(G) collapses at fixed pN^{2} and different values of p and N. We calculate analytically that P(G) is a Γ distribution in the pN^{2}≪1 limit. As pN^{2} increases, the skewness of P(G) decreases and P(G) becomes a skew-normal distribution with negative skewness in the pN^{2}≫1 limit. We also partition jammed disk packings into subsystems using Delaunay triangulation of the disk centers to calculate local shear moduli. We show that the local shear moduli defined from groups of adjacent triangles can be negative even when G>0. The spatial correlation function of local shear moduli C(r[over ⃗]) displays weak correlations for pn_{sub}^{2}<10^{-2}, where n_{sub} is the number of particles within each subsystem. However, C(r[over ⃗]) begins to develop long-ranged spatial correlations with fourfold angular symmetry for pn_{sub}^{2}≳10^{-2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Ding Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jerry Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Mark D Shattuck
- Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Corey S O'Hern
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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10
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Ozawa M, Biroli G. Elasticity, Facilitation, and Dynamic Heterogeneity in Glass-Forming Liquids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:138201. [PMID: 37067329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.138201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We study the role of elasticity-induced facilitation on the dynamics of glass-forming liquids by a coarse-grained two-dimensional model in which local relaxation events, taking place by thermal activation, can trigger new relaxations by long-range elastically mediated interactions. By simulations and an analytical theory, we show that the model reproduces the main salient facts associated with dynamic heterogeneity and offers a mechanism to explain the emergence of dynamical correlations at the glass transition. We also discuss how it can be generalized and combined with current theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Ozawa
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Giulio Biroli
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
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11
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Composites Based on Polylactide Doped with Amorphous Europium(III) Complex as Perspective Thermosensitive Luminescent Materials. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10120232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports fabrication of polylactide (PLA) films doped with various additives of an amorphous Eu(III) complex. We study the temperature behavior of the luminescence intensity and lifetime of the PLA-Eu(III) composites in the range of 298–353 K and investigate the mechanism of luminescence temperature quenching. The peak relative sensitivity of the films reaches 20.1 %×K−1 and exceeds the respective characteristics of all known lanthanide-containing thermosensors designed for the range of physiological temperatures. The produced films can be potential novel materials for luminescent thermosensors.
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12
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Kim S, Hilgenfeldt S. Structural Measures as Guides to Ultrastable States in Overjammed Packings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:168001. [PMID: 36306772 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.168001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Jammed, disordered packings of given sets of particles possess a multitude of equilibrium states with different mechanical properties. Identifying and constructing desired states, e.g., of superior stability, is a complex task. Here, we show that in two-dimensional particle packings the energy of all metastable states (inherent structures) is reliably classified by simple scalar measures of local steric packing. These structural measures are insensitive to the particle interaction potential and so robust that they can be used to guide a modified swap algorithm that anneals polydisperse packings toward low-energy metastable states exceptionally fast. The low-energy states are extraordinarily stable against applied shear, so that the approach also efficiently identifies ultrastable packings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, USA
| | - Sascha Hilgenfeldt
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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13
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Hayashi J, Shoji S, Kitagawa Y, Hasegawa Y. Amorphous lanthanide complexes for organic luminescent materials. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Tateno M, Yanagishima T, Tanaka H. Microscopic structural origin behind slowing down of colloidal phase separation approaching gelation. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:084904. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0080403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gelation of colloidal particles interacting through a short-range attraction is widely recognized as a consequence of the dynamic arrest of phase separation into colloid-rich and solvent-rich phases. However, the microscopic origin behind the slowing down and dynamic arrest of phase separation remains elusive. In order to access microscopic structural changes through the entire process of gelation in a continuous fashion, we used core–shell fluorescent colloidal particles, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and a unique experimental protocol that allows us to initiate phase separation instantaneously and gently. Combining these enables us to track the trajectories of individual particles seamlessly during the whole phase-separation process from the early stage to the late arresting stage. We reveal that the enhancement of local packing and the resulting formation of locally stable rigid structures slow down the phase-separation process and arrest it to form a gel with an average coordination number of z = 6–7. This result supports a mechanical perspective on the dynamic arrest of sticky-sphere systems based on the microstructure, replacing conventional explanations based on the macroscopic vitrification of the colloid-rich phase. Our findings illuminate the microscopic mechanisms behind the dynamic arrest of colloidal phase separation, the emergence of mechanical rigidity, and the stability of colloidal gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Tateno
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Taiki Yanagishima
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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15
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Lemaître A. Stress hyperuniformity and transient oscillatory-exponential correlation decay as signatures of strength vs fragility in glasses. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:194501. [PMID: 34800950 DOI: 10.1063/5.0065613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine and compare the local stress autocorrelation in the inherent states of a fragile and a strong glass: the Kob-Andersen (KA) binary mixture and the Beest-Kramer-Santen model of silica. For both systems, local (domain-averaged) stress fluctuations asymptotically reach the normal inverse-volume decay in the large domain limit; accordingly, the real-space stress autocorrelation presents long-range power law tails. However, in the case of silica, local stress fluctuations display a high degree of hyperuniformity, i.e., their asymptotic (normal) decay is disproportionately smaller than their bond level amplitude. This property causes the asymptotic power law tails of the real-space stress autocorrelation to be swamped, up to very large distances (several nanometers), by an intermediate oscillatory-exponential decay regime. Similar contributions exist in the KA stress autocorrelation, but they never can be considered as dominating the power law decay and fully disappear when stress is coarse-grained beyond one interatomic distance. Our observations document that the relevance of power-law stress correlation may constitute a key discriminating feature between strong and fragile glasses. Meanwhile, they highlight that the notion of local stress in atomistic systems involves by necessity a choice of observation (coarse-graining) scale, the relevant value of which depends, in principle, on both the model and the phenomenon studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaël Lemaître
- Navier, Ecole des Ponts, Univ Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, Marne-la-Vallée, France
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16
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Mahajan S, Ciamarra MP. Unifying Description of the Vibrational Anomalies of Amorphous Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:215504. [PMID: 34860101 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.215504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational density of states D(ω) of solids controls their thermal and transport properties. In crystals, the low-frequency modes are extended phonons distributed in frequency according to Debye's law, D(ω)∝ω^{2}. In amorphous solids, phonons are damped, and at low frequency D(ω) comprises extended modes in excess over Debye's prediction, leading to the so-called boson peak in D(ω)/ω^{2} at ω_{bp}, and quasilocalized ones. Here we show that boson peak and phonon attenuation in the Rayleigh scattering regime are related, as suggested by correlated fluctuating elasticity theory, and that amorphous materials can be described as homogeneous isotropic elastic media punctuated by quasilocalized modes acting as elastic heterogeneities. Our numerical results resolve the conflict between theoretical approaches attributing amorphous solids' vibrational anomalies to elastic disorder and localized defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Mahajan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Massimo Pica Ciamarra
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
- CNRS@CREATE LTD, 1 Create Way, #08-01 CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
- CNR-SPIN, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
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17
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Yanagishima T, Russo J, Dullens RPA, Tanaka H. Towards Glasses with Permanent Stability. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:215501. [PMID: 34860078 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.215501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Unlike crystals, glasses age or devitrify over time, reflecting their nonequilibrium nature. This lack of stability is a serious issue in many industrial applications. Here, we show by numerical simulations that the devitrification of quasi-hard-sphere glasses is prevented by suppressing volume-fraction inhomogeneities. A monodisperse glass known to devitrify with "avalanchelike" intermittent dynamics is subjected to small iterative adjustments to particle sizes to make the local volume fractions spatially uniform. We find that this entirely prevents structural relaxation and devitrification over aging time scales, even in the presence of crystallites. There is a dramatic homogenization in the number of load-bearing nearest neighbors each particle has, indicating that ultrastable glasses may be formed via "mechanical homogenization." Our finding provides a physical principle for glass stabilization and opens a novel route to the formation of mechanically stabilized glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Yanagishima
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - John Russo
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roel P A Dullens
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Fundamental Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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Percolation transitions in compressed SiO 2 glasses. Nature 2021; 599:62-66. [PMID: 34732863 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous-amorphous transformations under pressure are generally explained by changes in the local structure from low- to higher-fold coordinated polyhedra1-4. However, as the notion of scale invariance at the critical thresholds has not been addressed, it is still unclear whether these transformations behave similarly to true phase transitions in related crystals and liquids. Here we report ab initio-based calculations of compressed silica (SiO2) glasses, showing that the structural changes from low- to high-density amorphous structures occur through a sequence of percolation transitions. When the pressure is increased to 82 GPa, a series of long-range ('infinite') percolating clusters composed of corner- or edge-shared tetrahedra, pentahedra and eventually octahedra emerge at critical pressures and replace the previous 'phase' of lower-fold coordinated polyhedra and lower connectivity. This mechanism provides a natural explanation for the well-known mechanical anomaly around 3 GPa, as well as the structural irreversibility beyond 10 GPa, among other features. Some of the amorphous structures that have been discovered mimic those of coesite IV and V crystals reported recently5,6, highlighting the major role of SiO5 pentahedron-based polyamorphs in the densification process of vitreous silica. Our results demonstrate that percolation theory provides a robust framework to understand the nature and pathway of amorphous-amorphous transformations and open a new avenue to predict unravelled amorphous solid states and related liquid phases7,8.
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Mahajan S, Chattoraj J, Ciamarra MP. Emergence of linear isotropic elasticity in amorphous and polycrystalline materials. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:052606. [PMID: 34134343 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.052606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the emergence of isotropic linear elasticity in amorphous and polycrystalline solids via extensive numerical simulations. We show that the elastic properties are correlated over a finite length scale ξ_{E}, so that the central limit theorem dictates the emergence of continuum linear isotropic elasticity on increasing the specimen size. The stiffness matrix of systems of finite size L>ξ_{E} is obtained, adding to that predicted by linear isotropic elasticity a random one of spectral norm (L/ξ_{E})^{-3/2} in three spatial dimensions. We further demonstrate that the elastic length scale corresponds to that of structural correlations, which in polycrystals reflect the typical size of the grain boundaries and length scales characterizing correlations in the stress field. We finally demonstrate that the elastic length scale affects the decay of the anisotropic long-range correlations of locally defined shear modulus and shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Mahajan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Joyjit Chattoraj
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Massimo Pica Ciamarra
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,CNR-SPIN, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
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González-López K, Lerner E. An energy-landscape-based crossover temperature in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:241101. [PMID: 33380095 DOI: 10.1063/5.0034719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The systematic identification of temperature scales in supercooled liquids that are key to understanding those liquids' underlying glass properties, and their formation-history dependence, is a challenging task. Here, we study the statistics of particles' squared displacements δr2 between equilibrium liquid configurations at temperature T and their underlying inherent states, using computer simulations of 11 different computer glass formers. We show that the relative fluctuations of δr2 are nonmonotonic in T, exhibiting a maximum whose location defines the crossover temperature TX. Therefore, TX marks the point of maximal heterogeneity during the process of tumbling down the energy landscape, starting from an equilibrium liquid state at temperature T down to its underlying inherent state. We extract TX for the 11 employed computer glasses, ranging from tetrahedral glasses to packs of soft elastic spheres, and demonstrate its usefulness in putting the elastic properties of different glasses on the same footing. Interestingly, we further show that TX marks the crossover between two distinct regimes of the mean ⟨δr2⟩: a high temperature regime in which ⟨δr2⟩ scales approximately as T0.5 and a deeply supercooled regime in which ⟨δr2⟩ scales approximately as T1.3. Further research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina González-López
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edan Lerner
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lerner E. Simple argument for emergent anisotropic stress correlations in disordered solids. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:216101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0034728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edan Lerner
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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