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Furuya H, Toda Y, Iwata A, Kanai M, Kato K, Kumagai T, Kageyama T, Tanaka S, Fujimura L, Sakamoto A, Hatano M, Suto A, Suzuki K, Nakajima H. Stage-specific GATA3 induction promotes ILC2 development after lineage commitment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5610. [PMID: 38969652 PMCID: PMC11226602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a subset of innate lymphocytes that produce type 2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. GATA3 is a critical transcription factor for ILC2 development at multiple stages. However, when and how GATA3 is induced to the levels required for ILC2 development remains unclear. Herein, we identify ILC2-specific GATA3-related tandem super-enhancers (G3SE) that induce high GATA3 in ILC2-committed precursors. G3SE-deficient mice exhibit ILC2 deficiency in the bone marrow, lung, liver, and small intestine with minimal impact on other ILC lineages or Th2 cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing and subsequent flow cytometry analysis show that GATA3 induction mechanism, which is required for entering the ILC2 stage, is lost in IL-17RB+PD-1- late ILC2-committed precursor stage in G3SE-deficient mice. Cnot6l, part of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex, is a possible GATA3 target during ILC2 development. Our findings implicate a stage-specific regulatory mechanism for GATA3 expression during ILC2 development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Furuya
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yosuke Toda
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Kanai
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kodai Kato
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kumagai
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kageyama
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lisa Fujimura
- Biomedical Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akemi Sakamoto
- Biomedical Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hatano
- Biomedical Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Suto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Suzuki
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba, Japan.
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2
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De Florian Fania R, Bellazzo A, Collavin L. An update on the tumor-suppressive functions of the RasGAP protein DAB2IP with focus on therapeutic implications. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:844-854. [PMID: 38902547 PMCID: PMC11239834 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01332-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamic crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells is a major determinant of cancer aggressiveness. The tumor-suppressor DAB2IP (Disabled homolog 2 interacting protein) plays an important role in this context, since it modulates cell responses to multiple extracellular inputs, including inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. DAB2IP is a RasGAP and negatively controls Ras-dependent mitogenic signals. In addition, it modulates other major oncogenic pathways, including TNFα/NF-κB, WNT/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, and androgen receptor signaling. In line with its tumor-suppressive role, DAB2IP is frequently inactivated in cancer by transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, including promoter methylation, microRNA-mediated downregulation, and protein-protein interactions. Intriguingly, some observations suggest that downregulation of DAB2IP in cells of the tumor stroma could foster establishment of a pro-metastatic microenvironment. This review summarizes recent insights into the tumor-suppressive functions of DAB2IP and the consequences of its inactivation in cancer. In particular, we explore potential approaches aimed at reactivating DAB2IP, or augmenting its expression levels, as a novel strategy in cancer treatment. We suggest that reactivation or upregulation of DAB2IP would concurrently attenuate multiple oncogenic pathways in both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, with implications for improved treatment of a broad spectrum of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Bellazzo
- Unit of Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Licio Collavin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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3
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Taniguchi T, Okahashi N, Matsuda F. 13C-metabolic flux analysis reveals metabolic rewiring in HL-60 neutrophil-like cells through differentiation and immune stimulation. Metab Eng Commun 2024; 18:e00239. [PMID: 38883865 PMCID: PMC11176794 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2024.e00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are innate immune cells and the first line of defense for the maintenance of homeostasis. However, our knowledge of the metabolic rewiring associated with their differentiation and immune stimulation is limited. Here, quantitative 13C-metabolic flux analysis was performed using HL-60 cells as the neutrophil model. A metabolic model for 13C-metabolic flux analysis of neutrophils was developed based on the accumulation of 13C in intracellular metabolites derived from 13C-labeled extracellular carbon sources and intracellular macromolecules. Aspartate and glutamate in the medium were identified as carbon sources that enter central carbon metabolism. Furthermore, the breakdown of macromolecules, estimated to be fatty acids and nucleic acids, was observed. Based on these results, a modified metabolic model was used for 13C-metabolic flux analysis of undifferentiated, differentiated, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated HL-60 cells. The glucose uptake rate and glycolytic flux decreased with differentiation, whereas the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux remained constant. The addition of LPS to differentiated HL-60 cells activated the glucose uptake rate and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux levels, resulting in an increased rate of total NADPH regeneration, which could be used to generate reactive oxygen species. The flux levels of fatty acid degradation and synthesis were also increased in LPS-activated HL-60 cells. Overall, this study highlights the quantitative metabolic alterations in multiple pathways via the differentiation and activation of HL-60 cells using 13C-metabolic flux analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Taniguchi
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Okahashi
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University Shimadzu Analytical Innovation Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuda
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University Shimadzu Analytical Innovation Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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4
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Chien YC, Yoon GM. Subcellular dynamics of ethylene signaling drive plant plasticity to growth and stress: Spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400043. [PMID: 38571390 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Volatile compounds, such as nitric oxide and ethylene gas, play a vital role as signaling molecules in organisms. Ethylene is a plant hormone that regulates a wide range of plant growth, development, and responses to stress and is perceived by a family of ethylene receptors that localize in the endoplasmic reticulum. Constitutive Triple Response 1 (CTR1), a Raf-like protein kinase and a key negative regulator for ethylene responses, tethers to the ethylene receptors, but undergoes nuclear translocation upon activation of ethylene signaling. This ER-to-nucleus trafficking transforms CTR1 into a positive regulator for ethylene responses, significantly enhancing stress resilience to drought and salinity. The nuclear trafficking of CTR1 demonstrates that the spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling is essential for stress adaptation. Understanding the mechanisms governing the spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling elements is crucial for unraveling the system-level regulatory mechanisms that collectively fine-tune ethylene responses to optimize plant growth, development, and stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chi Chien
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Gyeong Mee Yoon
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Hu L, Liu S, Yao H, Hu Y, Wang Y, Jiang J, Li X, Fu F, Yin Q, Wang H. Identification of a novel heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) ligand that disrupts HnRNPA2B1/nucleic acid interactions to inhibit the MDMX-p53 axis in gastric cancer. Pharmacol Res 2023; 189:106696. [PMID: 36791898 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor that still lacks effective molecular targets. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) is an essential oncogenic driver overexpressed in various cancers. The potential role of hnRNPA2B1 in oncotherapy has not been revealed because of the absence of active chemical molecules. In this study, we identified the pseudourea derivative XI-011 as a novel hnRNPA2B1 ligand using chemical proteomics. An interaction study indicated that XI-011 could bind the nucleotide-binding domain to disrupt the recruitment of hnRNPA2B1 to the promoter and untranslated region of the murine double minute X (MDMX) gene, thereby inhibiting its transcription. In addition, chemical targeting of hnRNPA2B1 recovered inactivated p53 and enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of apatinib in vivo. This work presented a novel strategy to restore p53 activity for the treatment of gastric cancers via chemically targeting hnRNPA2B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hongying Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuemiao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jingpeng Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Fenghua Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qikun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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6
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Choi JO, Ham JH, Hwang SS. RNA Metabolism in T Lymphocytes. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e39. [PMID: 36381959 PMCID: PMC9634142 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA metabolism plays a central role in regulating of T cell-mediated immunity. RNA processing, modifications, and regulations of RNA decay influence the tight and rapid regulation of gene expression during T cell phase transition. Thymic selection, quiescence maintenance, activation, differentiation, and effector functions of T cells are dependent on selective RNA modulations. Recent technical improvements have unveiled the complex crosstalk between RNAs and T cells. Moreover, resting T cells contain large amounts of untranslated mRNAs, implying that the regulation of RNA metabolism might be a key step in controlling gene expression. Considering the immunological significance of T cells for disease treatment, an understanding of RNA metabolism in T cells could provide new directions in harnessing T cells for therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ouk Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Ham
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Soo Seok Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Chronic Intractable Disease Systems Medicine Research Center, Institute of Genetic Science, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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7
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Krueger A, Łyszkiewicz M, Heissmeyer V. Post-transcriptional control of T-cell development in the thymus. Immunol Lett 2022; 247:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Abstract
A high diversity of αβ T cell receptors (TCRs), capable of recognizing virtually any pathogen but also self-antigens, is generated during T cell development in the thymus. Nevertheless, a strict developmental program supports the selection of a self-tolerant T cell repertoire capable of responding to foreign antigens. The steps of T cell selection are controlled by cortical and medullary stromal niches, mainly composed of thymic epithelial cells and dendritic cells. The integration of important cues provided by these specialized niches, including (a) the TCR signal strength induced by the recognition of self-peptide-MHC complexes, (b) costimulatory signals, and (c) cytokine signals, critically controls T cell repertoire selection. This review discusses our current understanding of the signals that coordinate positive selection, negative selection, and agonist selection of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. It also highlights recent advances that have unraveled the functional diversity of thymic antigen-presenting cell subsets implicated in T cell selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Irla
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), CNRS, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France;
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9
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Suzuki T, Hoshina M, Nishijima S, Hoshina N, Kikuguchi C, Tomohiro T, Fukao A, Fujiwara T, Yamamoto T. Regulation of CCR4-NOT complex deadenylase activity and cellular responses by MK2-dependent phosphorylation of CNOT2. RNA Biol 2022; 19:234-246. [PMID: 35129087 PMCID: PMC8820811 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.2021676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CCR4-NOT complex-mediated mRNA deadenylation serves critical functions in multiple biological processes, yet how this activity is regulated is not fully understood. Here, we show that osmotic stress induces MAPKAPK-2 (MK2)-mediated phosphorylation of CNOT2. Programmed cell death is greatly enhanced by osmotic stress in CNOT2-depleted cells, indicating that CNOT2 is responsible for stress resistance of cells. Although wild-type (WT) and non-phosphorylatable CNOT2 mutants reverse this sensitivity, a phosphomimetic form of CNOT2, in which serine at the phosphorylation site is replaced with glutamate, does not have this function. We also show that mRNAs have elongated poly(A) tails in CNOT2-depleted cells and that introduction of CNOT2 WT or a non-phosphorylatable mutant, but not phosphomimetic CNOT2, renders their poly(A) tail lengths comparable to those in control HeLa cells. Consistent with this, the CCR4-NOT complex containing phosphomimetic CNOT2 exhibits less deadenylase activity than that containing CNOT2 WT. These data suggest that CCR4-NOT complex deadenylase activity is regulated by post-translational modification, yielding dynamic control of mRNA deadenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Suzuki
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Riken, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Miyuki Hoshina
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
| | - Saori Nishijima
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
| | - Naosuke Hoshina
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
| | - Chisato Kikuguchi
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Riken, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takumi Tomohiro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Fukao
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
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10
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Zheng T, Huang J, Lai J, Zhou Q, Liu T, Xu Q, Ji G, Ye Y. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIRincreased mechanical stimulation-induced apoptosis by regulating microRNA-221/BBC3 axis in C28/I2 cells. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10734-10744. [PMID: 34874225 PMCID: PMC8810135 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2003129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal mechanical stimulation contributes to articular cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis (OA) development. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in mechanical force-induced cartilage degeneration. LncRNA HOTAIR (HOTAIR) has been demonstrated to increase osteoarthritis progression. However, the roles of HOTAIR in mechanical stimulation-treated chondrocytes are still unclear. In this study, we found that mechanical stimulation significantly induced apoptosis in C28/I2 cells. In addition, the expression of HOTAIR was up regulated and the expression of miR-221 was down regulated. Knockdown of HOTAIR effectively ameliorated cell apoptosis induced by mechanical stimulation. HOTAIR could interact with miR-221, which targeted to degrade BBC3. Overexpression of BBC3 could reverse the decreased apoptotic rates induced by HOTAIR knockdown. Collectively, HOTAIR promoted mechanical stimulation-induced apoptosis by regulating the miR-221/BBC3 axis in C28/I2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jishang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jinliang Lai
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qingluo Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Guanglin Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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11
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The roles of GTPase-activating proteins in regulated cell death and tumor immunity. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:171. [PMID: 34663417 PMCID: PMC8524929 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
GTPase-activating protein (GAP) is a negative regulator of GTPase protein that is thought to promote the conversion of the active GTPase-GTP form to the GTPase-GDP form. Based on its ability to regulate GTPase proteins and other domains, GAPs are directly or indirectly involved in various cell requirement processes. We reviewed the existing evidence of GAPs regulating regulated cell death (RCD), mainly apoptosis and autophagy, as well as some novel RCDs, with particular attention to their association in diseases, especially cancer. We also considered that GAPs could affect tumor immunity and attempted to link GAPs, RCD and tumor immunity. A deeper understanding of the GAPs for regulating these processes could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets to avoid pathologic cell loss or to mediate cancer cell death.
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12
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Diaz-Muñoz MD, Osma-Garcia IC. The RNA regulatory programs that govern lymphocyte development and function. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 13:e1683. [PMID: 34327847 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytes require of constant and dynamic changes in their transcriptome for timely activation and production of effector molecules to combat external pathogens. Synthesis and translation of messenger (m)RNAs into these effector proteins is controlled both quantitatively and qualitatively by RNA binding proteins (RBPs). RBP-dependent regulation of RNA editing, subcellular location, stability, and translation shapes immune cell development and immunity. Extensive evidences have now been gathered from few model RBPs, HuR, PTBP1, ZFP36, and Roquin. However, recently developed methodologies for global characterization of protein:RNA interactions suggest the existence of complex RNA regulatory networks in which RBPs co-ordinately regulate the fate of sets of RNAs controlling cellular pathways and functions. In turn, RNA can also act as scaffolding of functionally related proteins modulating their activation and function. Here we review current knowledge about how RBP-dependent regulation of RNA shapes our immune system and discuss about the existence of a hidden immune cell epitranscriptome. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel D Diaz-Muñoz
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Inserm UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ines C Osma-Garcia
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Inserm UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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13
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Akiyama T, Yamamoto T. Regulation of Early Lymphocyte Development via mRNA Decay Catalyzed by the CCR4-NOT Complex. Front Immunol 2021; 12:715675. [PMID: 34349771 PMCID: PMC8326961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.715675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of lymphocytes is precisely regulated by various mechanisms. In addition to transcriptional rates, post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA abundance contributes to differentiation of lymphocytes. mRNA decay is a post-transcriptional mechanism controlling mRNA abundance. The carbon catabolite repression 4 (CCR4)-negative on TATA-less (NOT) complex controls mRNA longevity by catalyzing mRNA deadenylation, which is the rate-limiting step in the mRNA decay pathway. mRNA decay, regulated by the CCR4-NOT complex, is required for differentiation of pro-B to pre-B cells and V(D)J recombination in pro-B cells. In this process, it is likely that the RNA-binding proteins, ZFP36 ring finger protein like 1 and 2, recruit the CCR4-NOT complex to specific target mRNAs, thereby inducing cell quiescence of pro-B cells. A recent study showed that the CCR4-NOT complex participates in positive selection of thymocytes. Mechanistically, the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex inhibits abnormal apoptosis by reducing the expression level of mRNAs encoding pro-apoptotic proteins, which are otherwise up-regulated during positive selection. We discuss mechanisms regulating CCR4-NOT complex-dependent mRNA decay in lymphocyte development and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishin Akiyama
- Laboratory for Immune Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
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14
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Akiyama T, Suzuki T, Yamamoto T. RNA decay machinery safeguards immune cell development and immunological responses. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:447-460. [PMID: 33858774 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
mRNA decay systems control mRNA abundance by counterbalancing transcription. Several recent studies show that mRNA decay pathways are crucial to conventional T and B cell development in vertebrates, in addition to suppressing autoimmunity and excessive inflammatory responses. Selective mRNA degradation triggered by the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex appears to be required in lymphocyte development, cell quiescence, V(D)J (variable-diversity-joining) recombination, and prevention of inappropriate apoptosis in mice. Moreover, a recent study suggests that mRNA decay may be involved in preventing human hyperinflammatory disease. These findings imply that mRNA decay pathways in humans and mice do not simply maintain mRNA homeostatic turnover but can also precisely regulate immune development and immunological responses by selectively targeting mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishin Akiyama
- Laboratory for Immune Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan; Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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