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Song T, Gupta S, Sorokin Y, Frenkel O, Cytryn E, Friedman J. A Burkholderia cenocepacia-like environmental isolate strongly inhibits the plant fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0222223. [PMID: 38624199 PMCID: PMC11107150 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02222-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal phytopathogens cause significant reductions in agricultural yields annually, and overusing chemical fungicides for their control leads to environmental pollution and the emergence of resistant pathogens. Exploring natural isolates with strong antagonistic effects against pathogens can improve our understanding of their ecology and develop new treatments for the future. We isolated and characterized a novel bacterial strain associated with the species Burkholderia cenocepacia, termed APO9, which strongly inhibits Zymoseptoria tritici, a commercially important pathogenic fungus causing Septoria tritici blotch in wheat. Additionally, this strain exhibits inhibitory activity against four other phytopathogens. We found that physical contact plays a crucial role for APO9's antagonistic capacity. Genome sequencing of APO9 and biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) analysis identified nine classes of BGCs and three types of secretion systems (types II, III, and IV), which may be involved in the inhibition of Z. tritici and other pathogens. To identify genes driving APO9's inhibitory activity, we screened a library containing 1,602 transposon mutants and identified five genes whose inactivation reduced inhibition efficiency. One such gene encodes for a diaminopimelate decarboxylase located in a terpenoid biosynthesis gene cluster. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that while some of these genes are also found across the Burkholderia genus, as well as in other Betaproteobacteria, the combination of these genes is unique to the Burkholderia cepacia complex. These findings suggest that the inhibitory capacity of APO9 is complex and not limited to a single mechanism, and may play a role in the interaction between various Burkholderia species and various phytopathogens within diverse plant ecosystems. IMPORTANCE The detrimental effects of fungal pathogens on crop yields are substantial. The overuse of chemical fungicides contributes not only to environmental pollution but also to the emergence of resistant pathogens. Investigating natural isolates with strong antagonistic effects against pathogens can improve our understanding of their ecology and develop new treatments for the future. We discovered and examined a unique bacterial strain that demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against several phytopathogens. Our research demonstrates that this strain has a wide spectrum of inhibitory actions against plant pathogens, functioning through a complex mechanism. This plays a vital role in the interactions between plant microbiota and phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Song
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suyash Gupta
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Yael Sorokin
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Jonathan Friedman
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Baran B, Ölmez F, Çapa B, Dikilitas M. Defense Pathways of Wheat Plants Inoculated with Zymoseptoria tritici under NaCl Stress Conditions: An Overview. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:648. [PMID: 38792668 PMCID: PMC11122936 DOI: 10.3390/life14050648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to being sessile, plants develop a broad range of defense pathways when they face abiotic or biotic stress factors. Although plants are subjected to more than one type of stress at a time in nature, the combined effects of either multiple stresses of one kind (abiotic or biotic) or more kinds (abiotic and biotic) have now been realized in agricultural lands due to increases in global warming and environmental pollution, along with population increases. Soil-borne pathogens, or pathogens infecting aerial parts, can have devastating effects on plants when combined with other stressors. Obtaining yields or crops from sensitive or moderately resistant plants could be impossible, and it could be very difficult from resistant plants. The mechanisms of combined stress in many plants have previously been studied and elucidated. Recent studies proposed new defense pathways and mechanisms through signaling cascades. In light of these mechanisms, it is now time to develop appropriate strategies for crop protection under multiple stress conditions. This may involve using disease-resistant or stress-tolerant plant varieties, implementing proper irrigation and drainage practices, and improving soil quality. However, generation of both stress-tolerant and disease-resistant crop plants is of crucial importance. The establishment of a database and understanding of the defense mechanisms under combined stress conditions would be meaningful for the development of resistant and tolerant plants. It is clear that leaf pathogens show great tolerance to salinity stress and result in pathogenicity in crop plants. We noticed that regulation of the stomata through biochemical applications and some effort with the upregulation of the minor gene expressions indirectly involved with the defense mechanisms could be a great way to increase the defense metabolites without interfering with quality parameters. In this review, we selected wheat as a model plant and Zymoseptoria tritici as a model leaf pathogen to evaluate the defense mechanisms under saline conditions through physiological, biochemical, and molecular pathways and suggested various ways to generate tolerant and resistant cereal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzat Baran
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Sur, Diyarbakır 21110, Türkiye;
| | - Fatih Ölmez
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas 58010, Türkiye;
| | - Beritan Çapa
- Department of Plant Protection Şanliurfa, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63000, Türkiye;
| | - Murat Dikilitas
- Department of Plant Protection Şanliurfa, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63000, Türkiye;
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3
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Liu R, Tan X, Wang Y, Lin F, Li P, Rahman FU, Sun L, Jiang J, Fan X, Liu C, Zhang Y. The cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase CRK10 targeted by Coniella diplodiella effector CdE1 contributes to white rot resistance in grapevine. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3026-3039. [PMID: 38318854 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Grape white rot is a devastating fungal disease caused by Coniella diplodiella. The pathogen delivers effectors into the host cell that target crucial immune components to facilitate its infection. Here, we examined a secreted effector of C. diplodiella, known as CdE1, which has been found to inhibit Bax-triggered cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The expression of CdE1 was induced at 12-48 h after inoculation with C. diplodiella, and the transient overexpression of CdE1 led to increased susceptibility of grapevine to the fungus. Subsequent experiments revealed an interaction between CdE1 and Vitis davidii cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase 10 (VdCRK10) and suppression of VdCRK10-mediated immunity against C. diplodiella, partially by decreasing the accumulation of VdCRK10 protein. Furthermore, our investigation revealed that CRK10 expression was significantly higher and was up-regulated in the resistant wild grapevine V. davidii during C. diplodiella infection. The activity of the VdCRK10 promoter is induced by C. diplodiella and is higher than that of Vitis vitifera VvCRK10, indicating the involvement of transcriptional regulation in CRK10 gene expression. Taken together, our results highlight the potential of VdCRK10 as a resistant gene for enhancing white rot resistance in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruitao Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453400, China
| | - Xibei Tan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Faiz Ur Rahman
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Jianfu Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Xiucai Fan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Chonghuai Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453400, China
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4
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Wang Y, Zhang K, Chen D, Liu K, Chen W, He F, Tong Z, Luo Q. Co-expression network analysis and identification of core genes in the interaction between wheat and Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:241. [PMID: 38698267 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03925-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The epidemic of stripe rust, caused by the pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), would reduce wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields seriously. Traditional experimental methods are difficult to discover the interaction between wheat and Pst. Multi-omics data analysis provides a new idea for efficiently mining the interactions between host and pathogen. We used 140 wheat-Pst RNA-Seq data to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between low susceptibility and high susceptibility samples, and carried out Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Based on this, we constructed a gene co-expression network, identified the core genes and interacted gene pairs from the conservative modules. Finally, we checked the distribution of Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes in the co-expression network and drew the wheat NLR gene co-expression network. In order to provide accessible information for related researchers, we built a web-based visualization platform to display the data. Based on the analysis, we found that resistance-related genes such as TaPR1, TaWRKY18 and HSP70 were highly expressed in the network. They were likely to be involved in the biological processes of Pst infecting wheat. This study can assist scholars in conducting studies on the pathogenesis and help to advance the investigation of wheat-Pst interaction patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Centre, Kunming, 650021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Inspection & Supervision Station, Kunming, 650106, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Inspection & Supervision Station, Kunming, 650106, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Inspection & Supervision Station, Kunming, 650106, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Inspection & Supervision Station, Kunming, 650106, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS), JIC-CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhijun Tong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Centre, Kunming, 650021, China.
| | - Qiaoling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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5
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Alassimone J, Praz C, Lorrain C, De Francesco A, Carrasco-López C, Faino L, Shen Z, Meile L, Sánchez-Vallet A. The Zymoseptoria tritici Avirulence Factor AvrStb6 Accumulates in Hyphae Close to Stomata and Triggers a Wheat Defense Response Hindering Fungal Penetration. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:432-444. [PMID: 38265007 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-23-0181-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch, is one of Europe's most damaging wheat pathogens, causing significant economic losses. Genetic resistance is a common strategy to control the disease, Stb6 being a resistance gene used for more than 100 years in Europe. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying Stb6-mediated resistance. Utilizing confocal microscopy imaging, we determined that Z. tritici epiphytic hyphae mainly accumulate the corresponding avirulence factor AvrStb6 in close proximity to stomata. Consequently, the progression of AvrStb6-expressing avirulent strains is hampered during penetration. The fungal growth inhibition co-occurs with a transcriptional reprogramming in wheat characterized by an induction of immune responses, genes involved in stomatal regulation, and cell wall-related genes. Overall, we shed light on the gene-for-gene resistance mechanisms in the wheat-Z. tritici pathosystem at the cytological and transcriptomic level, and our results highlight that stomatal penetration is a critical process for pathogenicity and resistance. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Alassimone
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Coraline Praz
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Cécile Lorrain
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Agustina De Francesco
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Cristian Carrasco-López
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Luigi Faino
- Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Ziqi Shen
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Meile
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Vallet
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
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6
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Li M, Zhang H, Xiao H, Zhu K, Shi W, Zhang D, Wang Y, Yang L, Wu Q, Xie J, Chen Y, Qiu D, Guo G, Lu P, Li B, Dong L, Li W, Cui X, Li L, Tian X, Yuan C, Li Y, Yu D, Nevo E, Fahima T, Li H, Dong L, Zhao Y, Liu Z. A membrane associated tandem kinase from wild emmer wheat confers broad-spectrum resistance to powdery mildew. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3124. [PMID: 38600164 PMCID: PMC11006675 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47497-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Crop wild relatives offer natural variations of disease resistance for crop improvement. Here, we report the isolation of broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene Pm36, originated from wild emmer wheat, that encodes a tandem kinase with a transmembrane domain (WTK7-TM) through the combination of map-based cloning, PacBio SMRT long-read genome sequencing, mutagenesis, and transformation. Mutagenesis assay reveals that the two kinase domains and the transmembrane domain of WTK7-TM are critical for the powdery mildew resistance function. Consistently, in vitro phosphorylation assay shows that two kinase domains are indispensable for the kinase activity of WTK7-TM. Haplotype analysis uncovers that Pm36 is an orphan gene only present in a few wild emmer wheat, indicating its single ancient origin and potential contribution to the current wheat gene pool. Overall, our findings not only provide a powdery mildew resistance gene with great potential in wheat breeding but also sheds light into the mechanism underlying broad-spectrum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Huaizhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huixin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Shi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Beijing PlantTech Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingchuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiubin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhao Yu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hongjie Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Sanya City, Hainan Province, China.
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7
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Qutb AM, Cambon F, McDonald MC, Saintenac C, Kettles GJ. The Egyptian wheat cultivar Gemmeiza-12 is a source of resistance against the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:248. [PMID: 38580955 PMCID: PMC10996218 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat is one of the world's most important cereal crops. However, the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici can cause disease epidemics, leading to reduced yields. With climate change and development of new agricultural areas with suitable environments, Z. tritici may advance into geographical areas previously unaffected by this pathogen. It is currently unknown how Egyptian wheat will perform in the face of this incoming threat. This project aimed to assess the resistance of Egyptian wheat germplasm to Z. tritici, to identify cultivars with high levels of resistance and characterise the mechanism(s) of resistance present in these cultivars. RESULTS Eighteen Egyptian wheat cultivars were screened against two Z. tritici model isolates and exhibited a wide spectrum of responses. This ranged from resistance to complete susceptibility to one or both isolates tested. The most highly resistant cultivars from the initial screen were then tested under two environmental conditions against modern UK field isolates. Disease levels under UK-like conditions were higher, however, symptom development on the cultivar Gemmeiza-12 was noticeably slower than on other Egyptian wheats. The robustness of the resistance shown by Gemmeiza-12 was confirmed in experiments mimicking Egyptian environmental conditions, where degree of Z. tritici infection was lower. The Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) diagnostic assay suggested the presence of an Stb6 resistant allele in several Egyptian wheats including Gemmeiza-12. Infection assays using the IPO323 WT and IPO323ΔAvrStb6 mutant confirmed the presence of Stb6 in several Egyptian cultivars including Gemmeiza-12. Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that growth of the IPO323 strain is blocked at the point of stomatal penetration on Gemmeiza-12, consistent with previous reports of Stb gene mediated resistance. In addition to this R-gene mediated resistance, IPO323 spores showed lower adherence to leaves of Gemmeiza-12 compared to UK wheat varieties, suggesting other aspects of leaf physiology may also contribute to the resistance phenotype of this cultivar. CONCLUSION These results indicate that Gemmeiza-12 will be useful in future breeding programs where improved resistance to Z. tritici is a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman M Qutb
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Florence Cambon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Megan C McDonald
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Cyrille Saintenac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Graeme J Kettles
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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8
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Amezrou R, Ducasse A, Compain J, Lapalu N, Pitarch A, Dupont L, Confais J, Goyeau H, Kema GHJ, Croll D, Amselem J, Sanchez-Vallet A, Marcel TC. Quantitative pathogenicity and host adaptation in a fungal plant pathogen revealed by whole-genome sequencing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1933. [PMID: 38431601 PMCID: PMC10908820 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of genetic determinism and evolutionary dynamics mediating host-pathogen interactions is essential to manage fungal plant diseases. Studies on the genetic architecture of fungal pathogenicity often focus on large-effect effector genes triggering strong, qualitative resistance. It is not clear how this translates to predominately quantitative interactions. Here, we use the Zymoseptoria tritici-wheat model to elucidate the genetic architecture of quantitative pathogenicity and mechanisms mediating host adaptation. With a multi-host genome-wide association study, we identify 19 high-confidence candidate genes associated with quantitative pathogenicity. Analysis of genetic diversity reveals that sequence polymorphism is the main evolutionary process mediating differences in quantitative pathogenicity, a process that is likely facilitated by genetic recombination and transposable element dynamics. Finally, we use functional approaches to confirm the role of an effector-like gene and a methyltransferase in phenotypic variation. This study highlights the complex genetic architecture of quantitative pathogenicity, extensive diversifying selection and plausible mechanisms facilitating pathogen adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Amezrou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France.
| | - Aurélie Ducasse
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jérôme Compain
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR URGI, Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Lapalu
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR URGI, Versailles, France
| | - Anais Pitarch
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | - Laetitia Dupont
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | - Johann Confais
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Gert H J Kema
- Plant Research International B.V., Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Croll
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Amselem
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR URGI, Versailles, France
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9
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Liu J, Li W, Wu G, Ali K. An update on evolutionary, structural, and functional studies of receptor-like kinases in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1305599. [PMID: 38362444 PMCID: PMC10868138 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1305599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
All living organisms must develop mechanisms to cope with and adapt to new environments. The transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial environment provided new opportunities for them to exploit additional resources but made them vulnerable to harsh and ever-changing conditions. As such, the transmembrane receptor-like kinases (RLKs) have been extensively duplicated and expanded in land plants, increasing the number of RLKs in the advanced angiosperms, thus becoming one of the largest protein families in eukaryotes. The basic structure of the RLKs consists of a variable extracellular domain (ECD), a transmembrane domain (TM), and a conserved kinase domain (KD). Their variable ECDs can perceive various kinds of ligands that activate the conserved KD through a series of auto- and trans-phosphorylation events, allowing the KDs to keep the conserved kinase activities as a molecular switch that stabilizes their intracellular signaling cascades, possibly maintaining cellular homeostasis as their advantages in different environmental conditions. The RLK signaling mechanisms may require a coreceptor and other interactors, which ultimately leads to the control of various functions of growth and development, fertilization, and immunity. Therefore, the identification of new signaling mechanisms might offer a unique insight into the regulatory mechanism of RLKs in plant development and adaptations. Here, we give an overview update of recent advances in RLKs and their signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guang Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Khawar Ali
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
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10
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Ordaz NA, Nagalakshmi U, Boiteux LS, Atamian HS, Ullman DE, Dinesh-Kumar SP. The Sw-5b NLR Immune Receptor Induces Early Transcriptional Changes in Response to Thrips and Mechanical Modes of Inoculation of Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2023; 36:705-715. [PMID: 37432156 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-03-23-0032-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The NLR (nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat) class immune receptor Sw-5b confers resistance to Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV). Although Sw-5b is known to activate immunity upon recognition of the TSWV movement protein NSm, we know very little about the downstream events that lead to resistance. Here, we investigated the Sw-5b-mediated early transcriptomic changes that occur in response to mechanical and thrips-mediated inoculation of TSWV, using near-isogenic tomato lines CNPH-LAM 147 (Sw5b+/+) and Santa Clara (Sw-5b-/-). We observed earlier Sw-5b-mediated transcriptional changes in response to thrips-mediated inoculation compared with that in response to mechanical inoculation of TSWV. With thrips-mediated inoculation, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed at 12, 24, and 72 h postinoculation (hpi). Whereas with mechanical inoculation, DEGs were observed only at 72 hpi. Although some DEGs were shared between the two methods of inoculation, many DEGs were specific to either thrips-mediated or mechanical inoculation of TSWV. In response to thrips-mediated inoculation, an NLR immune receptor, cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase, G-type lectin S-receptor-like kinases, the ethylene response factor 1, and the calmodulin-binding protein 60 were induced. Fatty acid desaturase 2-9, cell death genes, DCL2b, RIPK/PBL14-like, ERF017, and WRKY75 were differentially expressed in response to mechanical inoculation. Our findings reveal Sw-5b responses specific to the method of TSWV inoculation. Although TSWV is transmitted in nature primarily by the thrips, Sw-5b responses to thrips inoculation have not been previously studied. Therefore, the DEGs we have identified in response to thrips-mediated inoculation provide a new foundation for understanding the mechanistic roles of these genes in the Sw-5b-mediated resistance. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma A Ordaz
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
| | - Ugrappa Nagalakshmi
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
| | - Leonardo S Boiteux
- National Center for Vegetable Crops Research (CNPH), Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
| | - Hagop S Atamian
- Biological Sciences program, Schmid College of Science & Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, U.S.A
| | - Diane E Ullman
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
| | - Savithramma P Dinesh-Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
- The Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
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11
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Bernasconi A, Lorrain C, Flury P, Alassimone J, McDonald BA, Sánchez-Vallet A. Virulent strains of Zymoseptoria tritici suppress the host immune response and facilitate the success of avirulent strains in mixed infections. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011767. [PMID: 37972205 PMCID: PMC10721197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants interact with a plethora of pathogenic microorganisms in nature. Pathogen-plant interaction experiments focus mainly on single-strain infections, typically ignoring the complexity of multi-strain infections even though mixed infections are common and critical for the infection outcome. The wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici forms highly diverse fungal populations in which several pathogen strains often colonize the same leaf. Despite the importance of mixed infections, the mechanisms governing interactions between a mixture of pathogen strains within a plant host remain largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate that avirulent pathogen strains benefit from being in mixed infections with virulent strains. We show that virulent strains suppress the wheat immune response, allowing avirulent strains to colonize the apoplast and to reproduce. Our experiments indicate that virulent strains in mixed infections can suppress the plant immune system, probably facilitating the persistence of avirulent pathogen strains in fields planted with resistant host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bernasconi
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Lorrain
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Priska Flury
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Julien Alassimone
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bruce A. McDonald
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Vallet
- Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid) Spain
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12
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Fatima K, Sadaqat M, Azeem F, Rao MJ, Albekairi NA, Alshammari A, Tahir ul Qamar M. Integrated omics and machine learning-assisted profiling of cysteine-rich-receptor-like kinases from three peanut spp . revealed their role in multiple stresses. Front Genet 2023; 14:1252020. [PMID: 37799143 PMCID: PMC10547876 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1252020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachis hypogaea (peanut) is a leading oil and protein-providing crop with a major food source in many countries. It is mostly grown in tropical regions and is largely affected by abiotic and biotic stresses. Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) is a family of transmembrane proteins that play important roles in regulating stress-signaling and defense mechanisms, enabling plants to tolerate stress conditions. However, almost no information is available regarding this gene family in Arachis hypogaea and its progenitors. This study conducts a pangenome-wide investigation of A. hypogaea and its two progenitors, A. duranensis and A. ipaensis CRK genes (AhCRKs, AdCRKs, and AiCRKs). The gene structure, conserved motif patterns, phylogenetic history, chromosomal distribution, and duplication were studied in detail, showing the intraspecies structural conservation and evolutionary patterns. Promoter cis-elements, protein-protein interactions, GO enrichment, and miRNA targets were also predicted, showing their potential functional conservation. Their expression in salt and drought stresses was also comprehensively studied. The CRKs identified were divided into three groups, phylogenetically. The expansion of this gene family in peanuts was caused by both types of duplication: tandem and segmental. Furthermore, positive as well as negative selection pressure directed the duplication process. The peanut CRK genes were also enriched in hormones, light, development, and stress-related elements. MicroRNA (miRNA) also targeted the AhCRK genes, which suggests the regulatory association of miRNAs in the expression of these genes. Transcriptome datasets showed that AhCRKs have varying expression levels under different abiotic stress conditions. Furthermore, the multi-stress responsiveness of the AhCRK genes was evaluated using a machine learning-based method, Random Forest (RF) classifier. The 3D structures of AhCRKs were also predicted. Our study can be utilized in developing a detailed understanding of the stress regulatory mechanisms of the CRK gene family in peanuts and its further studies to improve the genetic makeup of peanuts to thrive better under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinza Fatima
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sadaqat
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Azeem
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Norah A. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar
- Integrative Omics and Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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13
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Kamel AM, Metwally K, Sabry M, Albalawi DA, Abbas ZK, Darwish DBE, Al-Qahtani SM, Al-Harbi NA, Alzuaibr FM, Khalil HB. The Expression of Triticum aestivum Cysteine-Rich Receptor-like Protein Kinase Genes during Leaf Rust Fungal Infection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2932. [PMID: 37631144 PMCID: PMC10457733 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) in plant defense mechanisms is crucial for enhancing wheat resistance to leaf rust fungus infection. Here, we identified and verified 164 members of the CRK gene family using the Triticum aestivum reference version 2 collected from the international wheat genome sequencing consortium (IWGSC). The proteins exhibited characteristic features of CRKs, including the presence of signal peptides, cysteine-rich/stress antifungal/DUF26 domains, transmembrane domains, and Pkinase domains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed extensive diversification within the wheat CRK gene family, indicating the development of distinct specific functional roles to wheat plants. When studying the expression of the CRK gene family in near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying Lr57- and Lr14a-resistant genes, Puccinia triticina, the causal agent of leaf rust fungus, triggered temporal gene expression dynamics. The upregulation of specific CRK genes in the resistant interaction indicated their potential role in enhancing wheat resistance to leaf rust, while contrasting gene expression patterns in the susceptible interaction highlighted potential susceptibility associated CRK genes. The study uncovered certain CRK genes that exhibited expression upregulation upon leaf rust infection and the Lr14a-resistant gene. The findings suggest that targeting CRKs may present a promising strategy for improving wheat resistance to rust diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Kamel
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Khaled Metwally
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Sabry
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Doha A. Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia (D.B.E.D.)
| | - Zahid K. Abbas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia (D.B.E.D.)
| | - Doaa B. E. Darwish
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia (D.B.E.D.)
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
| | - Salem M. Al-Qahtani
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadi A. Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M. Alzuaibr
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia (D.B.E.D.)
| | - Hala B. Khalil
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shoubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Ababa G. Biology, taxonomy, genetics, and management of Zymoseptoria tritici: the causal agent of wheat leaf blotch. Mycology 2023; 14:292-315. [PMID: 38187886 PMCID: PMC10769150 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2241492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch or Septoria leaf blotch has been used for long time, but leaf blotch is a correct disease name. Moreover, Lb resistant gene is the correct name, but, not Stb gene. It has sexual and asexual parts on the mycelia, known as heterothallic fungi. Its pathogenic diversity ranged from 40% to 93% and has produced a wide variety of AvrLb6 haplotypes. M. graminicola has a plasmogamy and karyogamy sexual process. The pathogen can use macropycnidiospores, micropycnidiospores, and pycnidia vegetative growths for infection and overwintering. Synthetic M3, Kavkaz-K4500, Synthetic 6×, and TE9111 wheat genotypes have horizontal resistance. Avirulence (Avr) genes in Z. tritici and their matching wheat (R) genes indicate gene for gene mechanisms of resistance. Twenty-two R genes (vertical resistance) have been identified. In both horizontal and vertical resistance, different Lb genes have been broken down due to new Z.tritici virulent gene and currently Lb19 resistant gene is being recommended. Mixing of resistant and susceptible cultivars is also the most effective management strategy. Moreover, different cultural practices and biological control have been proposed. Lastly, different fungicides are also available. However, in developing countries cultivar mixture, isolates diversity, biological control, and epidemic studies have been greatly missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Ababa
- Department of Plant Protection (Plant Pathology), Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Holetta, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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15
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Lecona AM, Nanjareddy K, Blanco L, Piazza V, Vera-Núñez JA, Lara M, Arthikala MK. CRK12: A Key Player in Regulating the Phaseolus vulgaris- Rhizobium tropici Symbiotic Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11720. [PMID: 37511479 PMCID: PMC10380779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) are a type of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) that are important for pathogen resistance, extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, and programmed cell death in plants. In a previous study, we identified 46 CRK family members in the Phaseolus vulgaris genome and found that CRK12 was highly upregulated under root nodule symbiotic conditions. To better understand the role of CRK12 in the Phaseolus-Rhizobia symbiotic interaction, we functionally characterized this gene by overexpressing (CRK12-OE) and silencing (CRK12-RNAi) it in a P. vulgaris hairy root system. We found that the constitutive expression of CRK12 led to an increase in root hair length and the expression of root hair regulatory genes, while silencing the gene had the opposite effect. During symbiosis, CRK12-RNAi resulted in a significant reduction in nodule numbers, while CRK12-OE roots showed a dramatic increase in rhizobial infection threads and the number of nodules. Nodule cross sections revealed that silenced nodules had very few infected cells, while CRK12-OE nodules had enlarged infected cells, whose numbers had increased compared to controls. As expected, CRK12-RNAi negatively affected nitrogen fixation, while CRK12-OE nodules fixed 1.5 times more nitrogen than controls. Expression levels of genes involved in symbiosis and ROS signaling, as well as nitrogen export genes, supported the nodule phenotypes. Moreover, nodule senescence was prolonged in CRK12-overexpressing roots. Subcellular localization assays showed that the PvCRK12 protein localized to the plasma membrane, and the spatiotemporal expression patterns of the CRK12-promoter::GUS-GFP analysis revealed a symbiosis-specific expression of CRK12 during the early stages of rhizobial infection and in the development of nodules. Our findings suggest that CRK12, a membrane RLK, is a novel regulator of Phaseolus vulgaris-Rhizobium tropici symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino M Lecona
- Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), León 37689, GTO, Mexico
| | - Kalpana Nanjareddy
- Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), León 37689, GTO, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Blanco
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, MOR, Mexico
| | - Valeria Piazza
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica A. C., Loma del Bosque 115, León 37150, GTO, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Vera-Núñez
- Departamento Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato 36821, GTO, Mexico
| | - Miguel Lara
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, MOR, Mexico
| | - Manoj-Kumar Arthikala
- Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), León 37689, GTO, Mexico
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16
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Zhang Y, Tian H, Chen D, Zhang H, Sun M, Chen S, Qin Z, Ding Z, Dai S. Cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinases: emerging regulators of plant stress responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:776-794. [PMID: 37105805 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) belong to a large DUF26-containing receptor-like kinase (RLK) family. They play key roles in immunity, abiotic stress response, and growth and development. How CRKs regulate diverse processes is a long-standing question. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CRK functions in Ca2+ influx, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade activation, callose deposition, stomatal immunity, and programmed cell death (PCD). We review the CRK structure-function relationship with a focus on the roles of CRKs in immunity, the abiotic stress response, and the growth-stress tolerance tradeoff. We provide a critical analysis and synthesis of how CRKs control sophisticated regulatory networks that determine diverse plant phenotypic outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxue Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Haodong Tian
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Daniel Chen
- MD Program of Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Heng Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Meihong Sun
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Zhi Qin
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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17
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Chen A, Sun J, Viljoen A, Mostert D, Xie Y, Mangila L, Bothma S, Lyons R, Hřibová E, Christelová P, Uwimana B, Amah D, Pearce S, Chen N, Batley J, Edwards D, Doležel J, Crisp P, Brown AF, Martin G, Yahiaoui N, D'Hont A, Coin L, Swennen R, Aitken EAB. Genetic Mapping, Candidate Gene Identification and Marker Validation for Host Plant Resistance to the Race 4 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Using Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis. Pathogens 2023; 12:820. [PMID: 37375510 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt of banana is a devastating disease that has decimated banana production worldwide. Host resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense (Foc), the causal agent of this disease, is genetically dissected in this study using two Musa acuminata ssp. Malaccensis segregating populations, segregating for Foc Tropical (TR4) and Subtropical (STR4) race 4 resistance. Marker loci and trait association using 11 SNP-based PCR markers allowed the candidate region to be delimited to a 12.9 cM genetic interval corresponding to a 959 kb region on chromosome 3 of 'DH-Pahang' reference assembly v4. Within this region, there was a cluster of pattern recognition receptors, namely leucine-rich repeat ectodomain containing receptor-like protein kinases, cysteine-rich cell-wall-associated protein kinases, and leaf rust 10 disease-resistance locus receptor-like proteins, positioned in an interspersed arrangement. Their transcript levels were rapidly upregulated in the resistant progenies but not in the susceptible F2 progenies at the onset of infection. This suggests that one or several of these genes may control resistance at this locus. To confirm the segregation of single-gene resistance, we generated an inter-cross between the resistant parent 'Ma850' and a susceptible line 'Ma848', to show that the STR4 resistance co-segregated with marker '28820' at this locus. Finally, an informative SNP marker 29730 allowed the locus-specific resistance to be assessed in a collection of diploid and polyploid banana plants. Of the 60 lines screened, 22 lines were predicted to carry resistance at this locus, including lines known to be TR4-resistant, such as 'Pahang', 'SH-3362', 'SH-3217', 'Ma-ITC0250', and 'DH-Pahang/CIRAD 930'. Additional screening in the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture's collection suggests that the dominant allele is common among the elite 'Matooke' NARITA hybrids, as well as in other triploid or tetraploid hybrids derived from East African highland bananas. Fine mapping and candidate gene identification will allow characterization of molecular mechanisms underlying the TR4 resistance. The markers developed in this study can now aid the marker-assisted selection of TR4 resistance in breeding programs around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Jiaman Sun
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- School of Life Science, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Altus Viljoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Diane Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Yucong Xie
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA
| | - Leroy Mangila
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Sheryl Bothma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Rebecca Lyons
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Eva Hřibová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Bio-Technological and Agricultural Research, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Christelová
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Bio-Technological and Agricultural Research, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Brigitte Uwimana
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kampala P.O. Box 7878, Uganda
| | - Delphine Amah
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan PMB 5320, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Pearce
- Sustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Ning Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The Centre for Applied Bioinformatics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Bio-Technological and Agricultural Research, CZ-77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Crisp
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Allan F Brown
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania
| | - Guillaume Martin
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Nabila Yahiaoui
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Angelique D'Hont
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Lachlan Coin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Rony Swennen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kampala P.O. Box 7878, Uganda
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A B Aitken
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
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Amezrou R, Audéon C, Compain J, Gélisse S, Ducasse A, Saintenac C, Lapalu N, Louet C, Orford S, Croll D, Amselem J, Fillinger S, Marcel TC. A secreted protease-like protein in Zymoseptoria tritici is responsible for avirulence on Stb9 resistance gene in wheat. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011376. [PMID: 37172036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Zymoseptoria tritici is the fungal pathogen responsible for Septoria tritici blotch on wheat. Disease outcome in this pathosystem is partly determined by isolate-specific resistance, where wheat resistance genes recognize specific fungal factors triggering an immune response. Despite the large number of known wheat resistance genes, fungal molecular determinants involved in such cultivar-specific resistance remain largely unknown. We identified the avirulence factor AvrStb9 using association mapping and functional validation approaches. Pathotyping AvrStb9 transgenic strains on Stb9 cultivars, near isogenic lines and wheat mapping populations, showed that AvrStb9 interacts with Stb9 resistance gene, triggering an immune response. AvrStb9 encodes an unusually large avirulence gene with a predicted secretion signal and a protease domain. It belongs to a S41 protease family conserved across different filamentous fungi in the Ascomycota class and may constitute a core effector. AvrStb9 is also conserved among a global Z. tritici population and carries multiple amino acid substitutions caused by strong positive diversifying selection. These results demonstrate the contribution of an 'atypical' conserved effector protein to fungal avirulence and the role of sequence diversification in the escape of host recognition, adding to our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and the evolutionary processes underlying pathogen adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Amezrou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | - Colette Audéon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jérôme Compain
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR URGI, Versailles, France
| | | | - Aurélie Ducasse
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Nicolas Lapalu
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Palaiseau, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR URGI, Versailles, France
| | | | - Simon Orford
- Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Croll
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Amselem
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR URGI, Versailles, France
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Yan J, Su P, Meng X, Liu P. Phylogeny of the plant receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene family and expression analysis of wheat RLK genes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:224. [PMID: 37127571 PMCID: PMC10152718 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The receptor-like kinase (RLK) gene families in plants contains a large number of members. They are membrane proteins with an extracellular receptor domain and participate in biotic and abiotic stress responses. RESULTS In this study, we identified RLKs in 15 representative plant genomes, including wheat, and classified them into 64 subfamilies by using four types of phylogenetic trees and HMM models. Conserved exon‒intron structures with conserved exon phases in the kinase domain were found in many RLK subfamilies from Physcomitrella patens to Triticum aestivum. Domain distributions of RLKs were also diagrammed. Collinearity events and tandem gene clusters suggested that polyploidization and tandem duplication events contributed to the member expansions of T. aestivum RLKs. Global expression pattern analysis was performed by using public transcriptome data. These analyses were involved in T. aestivum, Aegilops tauschii and Brachypodium distachyon RLKs under biotic and abiotic stresses. We also selected 9 RLKs to validate the transcriptome prediction by using qRT‒PCR under drought treatment and with Fusarium graminearum infection. The expression trends of these 9 wheat RLKs from public transcriptome data were consistent with the results of qRT‒PCR, indicating that they might be stress response genes under drought or F. graminearum treatments. CONCLUSION In this study, we identified, classified, evolved, and expressed RLKs in wheat and related plants. Thus, our results will provide insights into the evolutionary history and molecular mechanisms of wheat RLKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Huang-Huai-Hai Smart Agricultural Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peisen Su
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianyong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Huang-Huai-Hai Smart Agricultural Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingzeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Huang-Huai-Hai Smart Agricultural Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Rudd JJ. Effector-mediated partial and nonhost disease resistance in wheat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1340-1342. [PMID: 36999944 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J Rudd
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK
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Nanda S, Rout P, Ullah I, Nag SR, Reddy VV, Kumar G, Kumar R, He S, Wu H. Genome-wide identification and molecular characterization of CRK gene family in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under cold stress and sclerotium rolfsii infection. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:219. [PMID: 37101152 PMCID: PMC10131431 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) are a large family having multiple roles, including defense responses under both biotic and abiotic stress. However, the CRK family in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) has been explored to a limited extent. In this study, a genome-wide characterization of the CRK family has been performed to investigate the structural and functional attributes of the cucumber CRKs under cold and fungal pathogen stress. RESULTS A total of 15 C. sativus CRKs (CsCRKs) have been characterized in the cucumber genome. Chromosome mapping of the CsCRKs revealed that 15 genes are distributed in cucumber chromosomes. Additionally, the gene duplication analysis of the CsCRKs yielded information on their divergence and expansion in cucumbers. Phylogenetic analysis divided the CsCRKs into two clades along with other plant CRKs. Functional predictions of the CsCRKs suggested their role in signaling and defense response in cucumbers. The expression analysis of the CsCRKs by using transcriptome data and via qRT-PCR indicated their involvement in both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Under the cucumber neck rot pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii infection, multiple CsCRKs exhibited induced expressions at early, late, and both stages. Finally, the protein interaction network prediction results identified some key possible interacting partners of the CsCRKs in regulating cucumber physiological processes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study identified and characterized the CRK gene family in cucumbers. Functional predictions and validation via expression analysis confirmed the involvement of the CsCRKs in cucumber defense response, especially against S. rolfsii. Moreover, current findings provide better insights into the cucumber CRKs and their involvement in defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyabrata Nanda
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, 761211, India
| | - Priyadarshini Rout
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, 761211, India
| | - Ikram Ullah
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Swapna Rani Nag
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, 761211, India
| | - Velagala Veerraghava Reddy
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, 761211, India
| | - Gagan Kumar
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Narkatiaganj, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa Samastipur, Bihar, 848125, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, 761211, India
| | - Shuilian He
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hongzhi Wu
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Gupta PK, Vasistha NK, Singh S, Joshi AK. Genetics and breeding for resistance against four leaf spot diseases in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1023824. [PMID: 37063191 PMCID: PMC10096043 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1023824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In wheat, major yield losses are caused by a variety of diseases including rusts, spike diseases, leaf spot and root diseases. The genetics of resistance against all these diseases have been studied in great detail and utilized for breeding resistant cultivars. The resistance against leaf spot diseases caused by each individual necrotroph/hemi-biotroph involves a complex system involving resistance (R) genes, sensitivity (S) genes, small secreted protein (SSP) genes and quantitative resistance loci (QRLs). This review deals with resistance for the following four-leaf spot diseases: (i) Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) caused by Parastagonospora nodorum; (ii) Tan spot (TS) caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis; (iii) Spot blotch (SB) caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and (iv) Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by Zymoseptoria tritici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Murdoch’s Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), National Agricultural Science Complex (NASC), Dev Prakash Shastri (DPS) Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Vasistha
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Department of Genetics-Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr Khem Singh Gill, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, India
| | - Sahadev Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Arun Kumar Joshi
- Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), National Agricultural Science Complex (NASC), Dev Prakash Shastri (DPS) Marg, New Delhi, India
- The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), National Agricultural Science Complex (NASC), Dev Prakash Shastri (DPS) Marg, New Delhi, India
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23
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Brodführer S, Mohler V, Stadlmeier M, Okoń S, Beuch S, Mascher M, Tinker NA, Bekele WA, Hackauf B, Herrmann MH. Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm7 on oat chromosome 5D. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:53. [PMID: 36913008 PMCID: PMC10011287 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three independent experiments with different genetic backgrounds mapped the resistance gene Pm7 in the oat genome to the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 5D. Resistance of oat to Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. avenae is an important breeding goal in Central and Western Europe. In this study, the position of the effective and widely used resistance gene Pm7 in the oat genome was determined based on three independent experiments with different genetic backgrounds: genome-wide association mapping in a diverse set of inbred oat lines and binary phenotype mapping in two bi-parental populations. Powdery mildew resistance was assessed in the field as well as by detached leaf tests in the laboratory. Genotyping-by-sequencing was conducted to establish comprehensive genetic fingerprints for subsequent genetic mapping experiments. All three mapping approaches located the gene to the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 5D in the hexaploid oat genome sequences of OT3098 and 'Sang.' Markers from this region were homologous to a region of chromosome 2Ce of the C-genome species, Avena eriantha, the donor of Pm7, which appears to be the ancestral source of a translocated region on the hexaploid chromosome 5D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Brodführer
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, OT Gross Lüsewitz, 18190, Sanitz, Germany
- I.G. Saatzucht GmbH & Co KG, Am Park 3, 18276, Gülzow-Prüzen OT Boldebuck, Germany
| | - Volker Mohler
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Am Gereuth 6, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Melanie Stadlmeier
- Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Am Gereuth 6, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Sylwia Okoń
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Steffen Beuch
- Nordsaat Saatzucht GmbH, Saatzucht Granskevitz, Granskevitz 3, 18569, Schaprode, Germany
| | - Martin Mascher
- Research Group Domestication Genomics, Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, Stadt Seeland OT, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Nicholas A Tinker
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Wubishet A Bekele
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Bernd Hackauf
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, OT Gross Lüsewitz, 18190, Sanitz, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinrich Herrmann
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, OT Gross Lüsewitz, 18190, Sanitz, Germany.
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Chen A, Sun J, Martin G, Gray LA, Hřibová E, Christelová P, Yahiaoui N, Rounsley S, Lyons R, Batley J, Chen N, Hamill S, Rai SK, Coin L, Uwimana B, D’Hont A, Doležel J, Edwards D, Swennen R, Aitken EAB. Identification of a Major QTL-Controlling Resistance to the Subtropical Race 4 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020289. [PMID: 36839561 PMCID: PMC9964652 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular wilt caused by the ascomycete fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a major constraint of banana production around the world. The virulent race, namely Tropical Race 4, can infect all Cavendish-type banana plants and is now widespread across the globe, causing devastating losses to global banana production. In this study, we characterized Foc Subtropical Race 4 (STR4) resistance in a wild banana relative which, through estimated genome size and ancestry analysis, was confirmed to be Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis. Using a self-derived F2 population segregating for STR4 resistance, quantitative trait loci sequencing (QTL-seq) was performed on bulks consisting of resistant and susceptible individuals. Changes in SNP index between the bulks revealed a major QTL located on the distal end of the long arm of chromosome 3. Multiple resistance genes are present in this region. Identification of chromosome regions conferring resistance to Foc can facilitate marker assisted selection in breeding programs and paves the way towards identifying genes underpinning resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiaman Sun
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
- School of Life Science, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Guillaume Martin
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Lesley-Ann Gray
- Australian Genome Research Facility, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Eva Hřibová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Christelová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nabila Yahiaoui
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Rebecca Lyons
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
| | - Ning Chen
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Sharon Hamill
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Maroochy Research Facility, Nambour, QLD 4560, Australia
| | - Subash K. Rai
- Genome Innovation Hub, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lachlan Coin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Brigitte Uwimana
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kampala P.O. Box 7878, Uganda
| | - Angelique D’Hont
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6907, Australia
| | - Rony Swennen
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kampala P.O. Box 7878, Uganda
- Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A. B. Aitken
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia
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25
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Tidd H, Rudd JJ, Ray RV, Bryant R, Kanyuka K. A large bioassay identifies Stb resistance genes that provide broad resistance against Septoria tritici blotch disease in the UK. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1070986. [PMID: 36699841 PMCID: PMC9868401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is one of the most damaging fungal diseases of wheat in Europe, largely due to the paucity of effective resistance genes against it in breeding materials. Currently dominant protection methods against this disease, e.g. fungicides and the disease resistance genes already deployed, are losing their effectiveness. Therefore, it is vital that other available disease resistance sources are identified, understood and deployed in a manner that maximises their effectiveness and durability. METHODS In this study, we assessed wheat genotypes containing nineteen known major STB resistance genes (Stb1 through to Stb19) or combinations thereof against a broad panel of 93 UK Zymoseptoria tritici isolates. Seedlings were inoculated using a cotton swab and monitored for four weeks. Four infection-related phenotypic traits were visually assessed. These were the days post infection to the development of first symptoms and pycnidia, percentage coverage of the infected leaf area with chlorosis/necrosis and percentage coverage of the infected leaf area with pycnidia. RESULTS The different Stb genes were found to vary greatly in the levels of protection they provided, with pycnidia coverage at four weeks differing significantly from susceptible controls for every tested genotype. Stb10, Stb11, Stb12, Stb16q, Stb17, and Stb19 were identified as contributing broad spectrum disease resistance, and synthetic hexaploid wheat lines were identified as particularly promising sources of broadly effective STB resistances. DISCUSSION No single Z. tritici isolate was found to be virulent against all tested resistance genes. Wheat genotypes carrying multiple Stb genes were found to provide higher levels of resistance than expected given their historical levels of use. Furthermore, it was noted that disease resistance controlled by different Stb genes was associated with different levels of chlorosis, with high levels of early chlorosis in some genotypes correlated with high resistance to fungal pycnidia development, potentially suggesting the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms.The knowledge obtained here will aid UK breeders in prioritising Stb genes for future breeding programmes, in which optimal combinations of resistance genes could be pyramided. In addition, this study identified the most interesting Stb genes for cloning and detailed functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Tidd
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J. Rudd
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Rumiana V. Ray
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Orellana-Torrejon C, Vidal T, Gazeau G, Boixel AL, Gélisse S, Lageyre J, Saint-Jean S, Suffert F. Multiple scenarios for sexual crosses in the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici on wheat residues: Potential consequences for virulence gene transmission. Fungal Genet Biol 2022; 163:103744. [PMID: 36209959 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of host immunity on sexual reproduction in fungal pathogens. In particular, it is unclear whether crossing requires both sexual partners to infect living plant tissues. We addressed this issue in a three-year experiment investigating different scenarios of Zymoseptoria tritici crosses according to the virulence ('vir') or avirulence ('avr') of the parents against a qualitative resistance gene. Co-inoculations ('vir × vir', 'avr × vir', 'avr × avr') and single inoculations were performed on a wheat cultivar carrying the Stb16q resistance gene (Cellule) and a susceptible cultivar (Apache), in the greenhouse. We assessed the intensity of asexual reproduction by scoring disease severity, and the intensity of sexual reproduction by counting the ascospores discharged from wheat residues. As expected, disease severity was more intense on Cellule for 'vir × vir' co-inoculations than for 'avr × vir' co-inoculations, with no disease for 'avr × avr'. However, all types of co-inoculation yielded sexual offspring, whether or not the parental strains caused plant symptoms. Parenthood was confirmed by genotyping (SSR markers), and the occurrence of crosses between (co-)inoculated and exogenous strains (other strains from the experiment, or from far away) was determined. We showed that symptomatic asexual infection was not required for a strain to participate in sexual reproduction, and deduced from this result that avirulent strains could be maintained asymptomatically "on" or "in" leaf tissues of plants carrying the corresponding resistant gene for long enough to reproduce sexually. In two of the three years, the intensity of sexual reproduction did not differ between the three types of co-inoculation in Cellule, suggesting that crosses involving avirulent strains are not anecdotal. We discuss the possible mechanisms explaining the maintenance of avirulence in Z. tritici populations and the potential impact of particular resistance deployments such as cultivar mixtures for limiting resistance breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Orellana-Torrejon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Tiphaine Vidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Gwilherm Gazeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Anne-Lise Boixel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sandrine Gélisse
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jérôme Lageyre
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sébastien Saint-Jean
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Frédéric Suffert
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France.
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Welch T, Bayon C, Rudd JJ, Kanyuka K, Kettles GJ. Induction of distinct plant cell death programs by secreted proteins from the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17880. [PMID: 36284131 PMCID: PMC9596407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death processes in eukaryotes shape normal development and responses to the environment. For plant-microbe interactions, initiation of host cell death plays an important role in determining disease outcomes. Cell death pathways are frequently initiated following detection of pathogen-derived molecules which can lead to resistance or susceptibility to disease depending on pathogen lifestyle. We previously identified several small secreted proteins (SSPs) from the wheat-infecting fungus Zymoseptoria tritici that induce rapid cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana following Agrobacterium-mediated delivery and expression (agroinfiltration). Here we investigated whether the execution of host cells was mechanistically similar in response to different Z. tritici SSPs. Using RNA sequencing, we found that transient expression of four Z. tritici SSPs led to massive transcriptional reprogramming within 48 h of agroinfiltration. We observed that distinct host gene expression profiles were induced dependent on whether cell death occurs in a cell surface immune receptor-dependent or -independent manner. These gene expression profiles involved differential transcriptional networks mediated by WRKY, NAC and MYB transcription factors. In addition, differential expression of genes belonging to different classes of receptor-like proteins and receptor-like kinases was observed. These data suggest that different Z. tritici SSPs trigger differential transcriptional reprogramming in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Welch
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK ,grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Carlos Bayon
- grid.418374.d0000 0001 2227 9389Wheat Pathogenomics Team, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ UK
| | - Jason J. Rudd
- grid.418374.d0000 0001 2227 9389Wheat Pathogenomics Team, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ UK
| | - Kostya Kanyuka
- grid.17595.3f0000 0004 0383 6532Cambridge Crop Research, National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
| | - Graeme J. Kettles
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK ,grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
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28
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Wheat genomic study for genetic improvement of traits in China. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1718-1775. [PMID: 36018491 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop that feeds 40% of the world's population. Over the past several decades, advances in genomics have led to tremendous achievements in understanding the origin and domestication of wheat, and the genetic basis of agronomically important traits, which promote the breeding of elite varieties. In this review, we focus on progress that has been made in genomic research and genetic improvement of traits such as grain yield, end-use traits, flowering regulation, nutrient use efficiency, and biotic and abiotic stress responses, and various breeding strategies that contributed mainly by Chinese scientists. Functional genomic research in wheat is entering a new era with the availability of multiple reference wheat genome assemblies and the development of cutting-edge technologies such as precise genome editing tools, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, sequencing-based cloning strategies, high-efficiency genetic transformation systems, and speed-breeding facilities. These insights will further extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits and facilitate the breeding process, ultimately contributing to more sustainable agriculture in China and throughout the world.
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29
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Sinha A, Singh L, Rawat N. Current understanding of atypical resistance against fungal pathogens in wheat. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 68:102247. [PMID: 35716636 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens and pests are a major challenge to global food security. Around one hundred different pests and pathogens challenge wheat, one of the most important food crops in the world. Traditional worldwide use of a few key resistance genes in wheat cultivars has necessitated a diversification of the toolbox of resistance genes in wheat varieties over the coming decades to meet the global production demands. Recent advances in gene discovery and functional characterization of genetic resistance mechanisms in wheat reveal great diversity in the types and effectiveness of the underlying resistance genes. This article summarizes the recent developments in the discovery of non-traditional "atypical" resistance genes in wheat against diverse fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Sinha
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Lovepreet Singh
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Nidhi Rawat
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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30
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Hussain B, Akpınar BA, Alaux M, Algharib AM, Sehgal D, Ali Z, Aradottir GI, Batley J, Bellec A, Bentley AR, Cagirici HB, Cattivelli L, Choulet F, Cockram J, Desiderio F, Devaux P, Dogramaci M, Dorado G, Dreisigacker S, Edwards D, El-Hassouni K, Eversole K, Fahima T, Figueroa M, Gálvez S, Gill KS, Govta L, Gul A, Hensel G, Hernandez P, Crespo-Herrera LA, Ibrahim A, Kilian B, Korzun V, Krugman T, Li Y, Liu S, Mahmoud AF, Morgounov A, Muslu T, Naseer F, Ordon F, Paux E, Perovic D, Reddy GVP, Reif JC, Reynolds M, Roychowdhury R, Rudd J, Sen TZ, Sukumaran S, Ozdemir BS, Tiwari VK, Ullah N, Unver T, Yazar S, Appels R, Budak H. Capturing Wheat Phenotypes at the Genome Level. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:851079. [PMID: 35860541 PMCID: PMC9289626 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.851079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have dramatically reduced the cost of DNA sequencing, allowing species with large and complex genomes to be sequenced. Although bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world's most important food crops, efficient exploitation of molecular marker-assisted breeding approaches has lagged behind that achieved in other crop species, due to its large polyploid genome. However, an international public-private effort spanning 9 years reported over 65% draft genome of bread wheat in 2014, and finally, after more than a decade culminated in the release of a gold-standard, fully annotated reference wheat-genome assembly in 2018. Shortly thereafter, in 2020, the genome of assemblies of additional 15 global wheat accessions was released. As a result, wheat has now entered into the pan-genomic era, where basic resources can be efficiently exploited. Wheat genotyping with a few hundred markers has been replaced by genotyping arrays, capable of characterizing hundreds of wheat lines, using thousands of markers, providing fast, relatively inexpensive, and reliable data for exploitation in wheat breeding. These advances have opened up new opportunities for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) in wheat. Herein, we review the advances and perspectives in wheat genetics and genomics, with a focus on key traits, including grain yield, yield-related traits, end-use quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. We also focus on reported candidate genes cloned and linked to traits of interest. Furthermore, we report on the improvement in the aforementioned quantitative traits, through the use of (i) clustered regularly interspaced short-palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated gene-editing and (ii) positional cloning methods, and of genomic selection. Finally, we examine the utilization of genomics for the next-generation wheat breeding, providing a practical example of using in silico bioinformatics tools that are based on the wheat reference-genome sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Michael Alaux
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, URGI, Versailles, France
| | - Ahmed M. Algharib
- Department of Environment and Bio-Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Deepmala Sehgal
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Gudbjorg I. Aradottir
- Department of Pathology, The National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Arnaud Bellec
- French Plant Genomic Resource Center, INRAE-CNRGV, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Alison R. Bentley
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Halise B. Cagirici
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA, United States
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - Fred Choulet
- French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - James Cockram
- The John Bingham Laboratory, The National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Desiderio
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy
| | - Pierre Devaux
- Research & Innovation, Florimond Desprez Group, Cappelle-en-Pévèle, France
| | - Munevver Dogramaci
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Gabriel Dorado
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - David Edwards
- University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Khaoula El-Hassouni
- State Plant Breeding Institute, The University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kellye Eversole
- International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tzion Fahima
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Melania Figueroa
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sergio Gálvez
- Department of Languages and Computer Science, ETSI Informática, Campus de Teatinos, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Málaga, Spain
| | - Kulvinder S. Gill
- Department of Crop Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Liubov Govta
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alvina Gul
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Goetz Hensel
- Center of Plant Genome Engineering, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Molecular Biology, Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agriculture Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Pilar Hernandez
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Amir Ibrahim
- Crop and Soil Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Tamar Krugman
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yinghui Li
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shuyu Liu
- Crop and Soil Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Amer F. Mahmoud
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Alexey Morgounov
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tugdem Muslu
- Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faiza Naseer
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Frank Ordon
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Etienne Paux
- French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dragan Perovic
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kühn Institute, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Gadi V. P. Reddy
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Insect Management Research Unit, Stoneville, MS, United States
| | - Jochen Christoph Reif
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Rajib Roychowdhury
- Institute of Evolution and Department of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jackie Rudd
- Crop and Soil Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Taner Z. Sen
- Crop Improvement and Genetics Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Naimat Ullah
- Institute of Biological Sciences (IBS), Gomal University, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - Turgay Unver
- Ficus Biotechnology, Ostim Teknopark, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selami Yazar
- General Directorate of Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Hikmet Budak
- Montana BioAgriculture, Inc., Missoula, MT, United States
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Battache M, Lebrun MH, Sakai K, Soudière O, Cambon F, Langin T, Saintenac C. Blocked at the Stomatal Gate, a Key Step of Wheat Stb16q-Mediated Resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:921074. [PMID: 35832231 PMCID: PMC9271956 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.921074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is among the most threatening wheat diseases in Europe. Genetic resistance remains one of the main environmentally sustainable strategies to efficiently control STB. However, the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying resistance are still unknown, limiting the implementation of knowledge-driven management strategies. Among the 22 known major resistance genes (Stb), the recently cloned Stb16q gene encodes a cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase conferring a full broad-spectrum resistance against Z. tritici. Here, we showed that an avirulent Z. tritici inoculated on Stb16q quasi near isogenic lines (NILs) either by infiltration into leaf tissues or by brush inoculation of wounded tissues partially bypasses Stb16q-mediated resistance. To understand this bypass, we monitored the infection of GFP-labeled avirulent and virulent isolates on Stb16q NILs, from germination to pycnidia formation. This quantitative cytological analysis revealed that 95% of the penetration attempts were unsuccessful in the Stb16q incompatible interaction, while almost all succeeded in compatible interactions. Infectious hyphae resulting from the few successful penetration events in the Stb16q incompatible interaction were arrested in the sub-stomatal cavity of the primary-infected stomata. These results indicate that Stb16q-mediated resistance mainly blocks the avirulent isolate during its stomatal penetration into wheat tissue. Analyses of stomatal aperture of the Stb16q NILs during infection revealed that Stb16q triggers a temporary stomatal closure in response to an avirulent isolate. Finally, we showed that infiltrating avirulent isolates into leaves of the Stb6 and Stb9 NILs also partially bypasses resistances, suggesting that arrest during stomatal penetration might be a common major mechanism for Stb-mediated resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Battache
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marc-Henri Lebrun
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Kaori Sakai
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Olivier Soudière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Cambon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Langin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cyrille Saintenac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Cyrille Saintenac,
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32
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Langlands-Perry C, Cuenin M, Bergez C, Krima SB, Gélisse S, Sourdille P, Valade R, Marcel TC. Resistance of the Wheat Cultivar ‘Renan’ to Septoria Leaf Blotch Explained by a Combination of Strain Specific and Strain Non-Specific QTL Mapped on an Ultra-Dense Genetic Map. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010100. [PMID: 35052440 PMCID: PMC8774678 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative resistance is considered more durable than qualitative resistance as it does not involve major resistance genes that can be easily overcome by pathogen populations, but rather a combination of genes with a lower individual effect. This durability means that quantitative resistance could be an interesting tool for breeding crops that would not systematically require phytosanitary products. Quantitative resistance has yet to reveal all of its intricacies. Here, we delve into the case of the wheat/Septoria tritici blotch (STB) pathosystem. Using a population resulting from a cross between French cultivar Renan, generally resistant to STB, and Chinese Spring, a cultivar susceptible to the disease, we built an ultra-dense genetic map that carries 148,820 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Phenotyping the interaction was done with two different Zymoseptoria tritici strains with contrasted pathogenicities on Renan. A linkage analysis led to the detection of three quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to resistance in Renan. These QTL, on chromosomes 7B, 1D, and 5D, present with an interesting diversity as that on 7B was detected with both fungal strains, while those on 1D and 5D were strain-specific. The resistance on 7B was located in the region of Stb8 and the resistance on 1D colocalized with Stb19. However, the resistance on 5D was new, so further designated Stb20q. Several wall-associated kinases (WAK), nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeats (NB-LRR) type, and kinase domain carrying genes were present in the QTL regions, and some of them were expressed during the infection. These results advocate for a role of Stb genes in quantitative resistance and for resistance in the wheat/STB pathosystem being as a whole quantitative and polygenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Langlands-Perry
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (C.L.-P.); (M.C.); (C.B.); (S.B.K.); (S.G.)
- ARVALIS Institut du Végétal, 91720 Boigneville, France;
| | - Murielle Cuenin
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (C.L.-P.); (M.C.); (C.B.); (S.B.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Christophe Bergez
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (C.L.-P.); (M.C.); (C.B.); (S.B.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Safa Ben Krima
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (C.L.-P.); (M.C.); (C.B.); (S.B.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Sandrine Gélisse
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (C.L.-P.); (M.C.); (C.B.); (S.B.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Pierre Sourdille
- Université Clermont–Auvergne, INRAE, UMR GDEC, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Romain Valade
- ARVALIS Institut du Végétal, 91720 Boigneville, France;
| | - Thierry C. Marcel
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France; (C.L.-P.); (M.C.); (C.B.); (S.B.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence:
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33
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Wu T, Guo F, Xu G, Yu J, Zhang L, Wei X, Zhu X, Zhang Z. The Receptor-like Kinase TaCRK-7A Inhibits Fusarium pseudograminearum Growth and Mediates Resistance to Fusarium Crown Rot in Wheat. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111122. [PMID: 34827115 PMCID: PMC8614996 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fungus F. pseudograminearum can cause the destructive disease Fusarium crown rot (FCR) of wheat, an important staple crop. Functional roles of FCR resistance genes in wheat are largely unknown. In the current research, we characterized the antifungal activity and positive-regulatory function of the cysteine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase TaCRK-7A in the defense against F. pseudograminearum in wheat. Antifungal assays showed that the purified TaCRK-7A protein inhibited the growth of F. pseudograminearum. TaCRK-7A transcript abundance was elevated after F. pseudograminearum attack and was positively related to FCR-resistance levels of wheat cultivars. Intriguingly, knocking down of TaCRK-7A transcript increased susceptibility of wheat to FCR and decreased transcript levels of defense-marker genes in wheat. Furthermore, the transcript abundances of TaCRK-7A and its modulated-defense genes were responsive to exogenous jasmonate treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that TaCRK-7A can directly inhibit F. pseudograminearum growth and mediates FCR-resistance by promoting the expression of wheat defense genes in the jasmonate pathway. Thus, TaCRK-7A is a potential gene resource in FCR-resistant wheat breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (T.W.); (F.G.); (X.W.)
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Feilong Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (T.W.); (F.G.); (X.W.)
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Gangbiao Xu
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (J.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (J.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xuening Wei
- Institute of Crop Sciences, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (T.W.); (F.G.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiuliang Zhu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (T.W.); (F.G.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (T.W.); (F.G.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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34
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Guo F, Wu T, Shen F, Xu G, Qi H, Zhang Z. The cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase TaCRK3 contributes to defense against Rhizoctonia cerealis in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6904-6919. [PMID: 34254642 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sharp eyespot, caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis, is a devastating disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat defense against R. cerealis are still largely unknown. In this study, by comparative transcriptomic analysis we identified a novel cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase (CRK)-encoding gene, designated as TaCRK3, and investigated its role in defense against R. cerealis. TaCRK3 transcript abundance was significantly elevated by R. cerealis and exogenous ethylene treatments. Silencing of TaCRK3 significantly compromised resistance to R. cerealis and repressed expression of an ethylene biosynthesis enzyme-encoding gene, ACO2, and a subset of defense-associated genes in wheat, whose transcript levels are up-regulated by ethylene stimulus. TaCRK3 protein was localized at the plasma membrane in wheat. Noticeably, both the heterologously expressed TaCRK3 protein and its partial peptide harboring two DUF26 (DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 26) domains could inhibit growth of R. cerealis mycelia. These results suggest that TaCRK3 mediates wheat resistance to R. cerealis through direct antifungal activity and heightening the expression of defense-associated genes in the ethylene signaling pathway. Moreover, its DUF26 domains are required for the antifungal activity of TaCRK3. Our results reveal that TaCRK3 is a promising gene for breeding wheat varieties with resistance to R. cerealis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Guo
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Tianci Wu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Fangdi Shen
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, China
| | - Gangbiao Xu
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Haijun Qi
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zengyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen B, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Liu Z, Zhang D, Yang J, Wang G, Wu J, Ke H, Meng C, Wu L, Yan Y, Cui Y, Li Z, Wu L, Zhang G, Wang X, Ma Z. Tissue-specific expression of GhnsLTPs identified via GWAS sophisticatedly coordinates disease and insect resistance by regulating metabolic flux redirection in cotton. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:831-846. [PMID: 34008265 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is constantly attacked by pathogens and insects. The most efficient control strategy is to develop resistant varieties using broad-spectrum gene resources. Several resistance loci harboured by superior varieties have been identified through genome-wide association studies. However, the key genes and/or loci have not been functionally identified. In this study, we identified a locus significantly associated with Verticillium wilt (VW) resistance, and within a 145.5-kb linkage disequilibrium, two non-specific lipid transfer protein genes (named GhnsLTPsA10) were highly expressed under Verticillium pathogen stress. The expression of GhnsLTPsA10 significantly increased in roots upon Verticillium dahliae stress but significantly decreased in leaves under insect attack. Furthermore, GhnsLTPsA10 played antagonistic roles in positively regulating VW and Fusarium wilt resistance and negatively mediating aphid and bollworm resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis and silenced cotton. By combining transcriptomic, histological and physiological analyses, we determined that GhnsLTPsA10-mediated phenylpropanoid metabolism further affected the balance of the downstream metabolic flux of flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis. The divergent expression of GhnsLTPsA10 in roots and leaves coordinated resistance of cotton against fungal pathogens and insects via the redirection of metabolic flux. In addition, GhnsLTPsA10 contributed to reactive oxygen species accumulation. Therefore, in this study, we elucidated the novel function of GhnsLTP and the molecular association between disease resistance and insect resistance, balanced by GhnsLTPsA10. This broadens our knowledge of the biological function of GhnsLTPsA10 in crops and provides a useful locus for genetic improvement of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Zhengwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Guoning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Huifeng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Chengsheng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Lizhu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Zhikun Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Guiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xingfen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Zhiying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
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