1
|
Pan XH, Chen L, Liu DE, Zhang FC, Liu X. Majorana Zero Modes Induced by the Meissner Effect at Small Magnetic Field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:036602. [PMID: 38307040 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.036602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
One key difficulty in realizing Majorana zero modes (MZMs) is the required high magnetic field, which causes serious issues, e.g., shrinks the superconducting gap, reduces topological region, and weakens their robustness against disorders. In this Letter, we propose that the Meissner effect can bring the topological superconducting phase to a superconductor/topological-insulator/superconductor (SC/TI/SC) hybrid system. Remarkably, the required magnetic field strength (<10 mT) to support MZMs has been reduced by several orders of magnitude compared to that (>0.5 T) in the previous schemes. Tuning the phase difference between the top and bottom superconductors can control the number and position of the MZMs. In addition, we account for the electrostatic potential in the superconductor/topological-insulator (SC/TI) interface through the self-consistent Schrödinger-Poisson calculation, which shows the experimental accessibility of our proposal. Our proposal only needs a small magnetic field of less than 10 mT and is robust against the chemical potential fluctuation, which makes the SC/TI/SC hybrid an ideal Majorana platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Pan
- School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dong E Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fu-Chun Zhang
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Llacsahuanga Allcca AE, Pan XC, Miotkowski I, Tanigaki K, Chen YP. Gate-Tunable Anomalous Hall Effect in Stacked van der Waals Ferromagnetic Insulator-Topological Insulator Heterostructures. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8130-8136. [PMID: 36215229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The search of novel topological states, such as the quantum anomalous Hall insulator and chiral Majorana fermions, has motivated different schemes to introduce magnetism into topological insulators. A promising scheme is using the magnetic proximity effect (MPE), where a ferromagnetic insulator magnetizes the topological insulator. Most of these heterostructures are synthesized by growth techniques which prevent mixing many of the available ferromagnetic and topological insulators due to difference in growth conditions. Here, we demonstrate that MPE can be obtained in heterostructures stacked via the dry transfer of flakes of van der Waals ferromagnetic and topological insulators (Cr2Ge2Te6/BiSbTeSe2), as evidenced in the observation of an anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Furthermore, devices made from these heterostructures allow modulation of the AHE when controlling the carrier density via electrostatic gating. These results show that simple mechanical transfer of magnetic van der Waals materials provides another possible avenue to magnetize topological insulators by MPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres E Llacsahuanga Allcca
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xing-Chen Pan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ireneusz Miotkowski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Katsumi Tanigaki
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong P Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy and Villum Center for Hybrid Quantum Materials and Devices, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus-C, Denmark
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phan D, Senior J, Ghazaryan A, Hatefipour M, Strickland WM, Shabani J, Serbyn M, Higginbotham AP. Detecting Induced p±ip Pairing at the Al-InAs Interface with a Quantum Microwave Circuit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:107701. [PMID: 35333085 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices are at the heart of several proposed approaches to quantum information processing, but their basic properties remain to be understood. We embed a two-dimensional Al-InAs hybrid system in a resonant microwave circuit, probing the breakdown of superconductivity due to an applied magnetic field. We find a fingerprint from the two-component nature of the hybrid system, and quantitatively compare with a theory that includes the contribution of intraband p±ip pairing in the InAs, as well as the emergence of Bogoliubov-Fermi surfaces due to magnetic field. Separately resolving the Al and InAs contributions allows us to determine the carrier density and mobility in the InAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Phan
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - J Senior
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - A Ghazaryan
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - M Hatefipour
- Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - W M Strickland
- Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - J Shabani
- Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - M Serbyn
- IST Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu Z, Papaj M, Nie XA, Xu HK, Gu YS, Yang X, Guan D, Wang S, Li Y, Liu C, Luo J, Xu ZA, Zheng H, Fu L, Jia JF. Discovery of segmented Fermi surface induced by Cooper pair momentum. Science 2021; 374:1381-1385. [PMID: 34709939 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Michał Papaj
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiao-Ang Nie
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao-Ke Xu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Sheng Gu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dandan Guan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yaoyi Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Canhua Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianlin Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhu-An Xu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jin-Feng Jia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|