1
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Webb TA, Tamanna AN, Ding X, Verma N, Xu J, Krusin-Elbaum L, Dean CR, Basov DN, Pasupathy AN. Tunable Magnetic Domains in Ferrimagnetic MnSb 2Te 4. Nano Lett 2024; 24:4393-4399. [PMID: 38569084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Highly tunable properties make Mn(Bi,Sb)2Te4 a rich playground for exploring the interplay between band topology and magnetism: On one end, MnBi2Te4 is an antiferromagnetic topological insulator, while the magnetic structure of MnSb2Te4 (MST) can be tuned between antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic. Motivated to control electronic properties through real-space magnetic textures, we use magnetic force microscopy (MFM) to image the domains of ferrimagnetic MST. We find that magnetic field tunes between stripe and bubble domain morphologies, raising the possibility of topological spin textures. Moreover, we combine in situ transport with domain manipulation and imaging to both write MST device properties and directly measure the scaling of the Hall response with the domain area. This work demonstrates measurement of the local anomalous Hall response using MFM and opens the door to reconfigurable domain-based devices in the M(B,S)T family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Webb
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Afrin N Tamanna
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xiaxin Ding
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Nishchhal Verma
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jikai Xu
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Lia Krusin-Elbaum
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dmitri N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Abhay N Pasupathy
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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2
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Wang M, Zhu K, Lei B, Deng Y, Hu T, Song D, Du H, Tian M, Xiang Z, Wu T, Chen X. Layer-Number-Dependent Magnetism in the Co-Doped van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe 3GaTe 2. Nano Lett 2024; 24:4141-4149. [PMID: 38536947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Recently, van der Waals (vdW) antiferromagnets have been proposed to be crucial for spintronics due to their favorable properties compared to ferromagnets, including robustness against magnetic perturbation and high frequencies of spin dynamics. High-performance and energy-efficient spin functionalities often depend on the current-driven manipulation and detection of spin states, highlighting the significance of two-dimensional metallic antiferromagnets, which have not been much explored due to the lack of suitable materials. Here, we report a new metallic vdW antiferromagnet obtained from the ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 by cobalt (Co) doping. Through the layer-number-dependent Hall resistance and magnetoresistance measurements, an evident odd-even layer-number effect has been observed in its few-layered flakes, suggesting that it could host an A-type antiferromagnetic structure. This peculiar layer-number-dependent magnetism in Co-doped Fe3GaTe2 helps unravel the complex magnetic structures in such doped vdW magnets, and our finding will enrich material candidates and spin functionalities for spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejia Zhu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Deng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Hu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Song
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Du
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-Energy Quantum Materials and Devices, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziji Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People's Republic of China
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3
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Zheng B, Ji X, Xue M, Jia C, Kang C, Zhang W, Yang J, Tian M, Chen X. Robust room temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and anomalous Hall effect of sputtered NiCo 2O 4film. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:275701. [PMID: 38537304 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad387b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Inverse spinel ferrimagnetic NiCo2O4(NCO) exhibits volatile physical properties due to the complex ion/valence occupation, which complicates the study its intrinsic properties. In this work, robust room temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) is distinctly observed in high-quality RF-sputtered NCO film down to 3 uc (2.4 nm), confirmed by the room temperature anomalous Hall effect. The NCO films show a good metallic conductivity with a dimensional driven metal-insulator transition. The scaling relation between anomalous Hall conductivity (σxy) and the longitudinal conductivity (σxx) reveals the dirty metal behavior in conjunction with the contribution of intrinsic Berry phase or disorder-enhanced electron correlation contribute to the anomalous Hall effect for thick films while the dirty scaling law dominates for the thin films. This work introduces an oxide candidate with robust room temperature PMA as well as massive production ability for the functional spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zheng
- Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghao Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Xue
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Caihong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matter Science, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matter Science, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Matter Science, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuegang Chen
- Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Key Laboratory of Magnetic Functional Materials and Devices, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
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4
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Liu S, Hu S, Cui X, Kimura T. Efficient Thermo-Spin Conversion in van der Waals Ferromagnet FeGaTe. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2309776. [PMID: 38127962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent discovery of 2D van der Waals magnetic materials has spurred progress in developing advanced spintronic devices. A central challenge lies in enhancing the spin-conversion efficiency for building spin-logic or spin-memory devices. Here, the anomalous Hall and Nernst effects are systematically investigated to uncover significant spin-conversion effects in above-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet FeGaTe with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The anomalous Hall effect demonstrates an efficient electric spin-charge conversion with a notable spin Hall angle of over 6%. In addition, the anomalous Nernst effect produces a significant transverse voltage at room temperature without a magnetic field, displaying unique temperature dependence with a maximum transverse Seebeck coefficient of 440 nV K-1 and a Nernst angle of ≈62%. Such an innovative thermoelectric signal arises from the efficient thermo-spin conversion effect, where the up-spin and down-spin electrons move in opposite directions under a temperature gradient. The present study highlights the potential of FeGaTe to enhance thermoelectric devices through efficient thermo-spin conversion without the need for a magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Liu
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shaojie Hu
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xiaomin Cui
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Spintronics Research Network Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Zhou W, Sasaki T, Uchida KI, Sakuraba Y. Direct-Contact Seebeck-Driven Transverse Magneto-Thermoelectric Generation in Magnetic/Thermoelectric Bilayers. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2308543. [PMID: 38447187 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Transverse thermoelectric generation converts temperature gradient in one direction into an electric field perpendicular to that direction and is expected to be a promising alternative in creating simple-structured thermoelectric modules that can avoid the challenging problems facing traditional Seebeck-effect-based modules. Recently, large transverse thermopower has been observed in closed circuits consisting of magnetic and thermoelectric materials, called the Seebeck-driven transverse magneto-thermoelectric generation (STTG). However, the closed-circuit structure complicates its broad applications. Here, STTG is realized in the simplest way to combine magnetic and thermoelectric materials, namely, by stacking a magnetic layer and a thermoelectric layer together to form a bilayer. The transverse thermopower is predicted to vary with changing layer thicknesses and peaks at a much larger value under an optimal thickness ratio. This behavior is verified in the experiment, through a series of samples prepared by depositing Fe-Ga alloy thin films of various thicknesses onto n-type Si substrates. The measured transverse thermopower reaches 15.2 ± 0.4 µV K-1 , which is a fivefold increase from that of Fe-Ga alloy and much larger than the current room temperature record observed in Weyl semimetal Co2 MnGa. The findings highlight the potential of combining magnetic and thermoelectric materials for transverse thermoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Zhou
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Taisuke Sasaki
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Uchida
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Yuya Sakuraba
- Research Center for Magnetic and Spintronic Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
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6
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Ghosh S, Low A, Changdar S, Purwar S, Thirupathaiah S. Unusual multiple magnetic transitions and anomalous Hall effect observed in antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal, Mn 2.94Ge (Ge-rich). J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:215705. [PMID: 38364271 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad2a0b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We report on the magnetic and Hall effect measurements of the magnetic Weyl semimetal, Mn2.94Ge (Ge-rich) single crystal. From the magnetic properties study, we identify unusual multiple magnetic transitions below the Ne'el temperature of 353 K, such as the spin-reorientation (TSR) and ferromagnetic-like transitions. Consistent with the magnetic properties, the Hall effect study shows unusual behavior around the spin-reorientation transition. Specifically, the anomalous Hall conductivity increases with increasing temperature, reaching a maximum atTSR, which then gradually decreases with increasing temperature. This observation is quite in contrast to the Mn3+δGe (Mn-rich) system, though both compositions share the same hexagonal crystal symmetry. This study unravels the sensitivity of magnetic and topological properties on the Mn concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Ghosh
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Achintya Low
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Susmita Changdar
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Shubham Purwar
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Setti Thirupathaiah
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
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7
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Zhu K, Cheng Y, Liao M, Chong SK, Zhang D, He K, Wang KL, Chang K, Deng P. Unveiling the Anomalous Hall Response of the Magnetic Structure Changes in the Epitaxial MnBi 2Te 4 Films. Nano Lett 2024; 24:2181-2187. [PMID: 38340079 PMCID: PMC10885191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Recently discovered as an intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator, MnBi2Te4 has attracted tremendous research interest, as it provides an ideal platform to explore the interplay between topological and magnetic orders. MnBi2Te4 displays distinct exotic topological phases that are inextricably linked to the different magnetic structures of the material. In this study, we conducted electrical transport measurements and systematically investigated the anomalous Hall response of epitaxial MnBi2Te4 films when subjected to an external magnetic field sweep, revealing the different magnetic structures stemming from the interplay of applied fields and the material's intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering. Our results demonstrate that the nonsquare anomalous Hall loop is a consequence of the distinct reversal processes within individual septuple layers. These findings shed light on the intricate magnetic structures in MnBi2Te4 and related materials, offering insights into understanding their transport properties and facilitating the implementation of AFM topological electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Zhu
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Menghan Liao
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Su Kong Chong
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ke He
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kang L Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kai Chang
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Deng
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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8
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Li J, Zhang X, Wang X, Wang X, Xiang G. Fabrication and structural and magnetic properties of spark plasma sintered group-IV diluted magnetic semiconductor Fe-doped SiGe alloys. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:175708. [PMID: 38241719 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad209f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Fe-doped SiGe bulk alloys are fabricated using non-equilibrium spark plasma sintering (SPS) and their structure and ferromagnetic and magneto-transport properties are investigated. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscope measurements show that the obtained alloys are composed of SiGe polycrystals. Magnetization measurements reveal that the Fe-doped SiGe alloys exhibit ferromagnetism up to 259 K, and their Curie temperature increases with Fe doping concentration up to 8%. Moreover, transport measurements of the Fe-doped SiGe alloys show typical metal-insulator transition characteristics of doped semiconductors as well as anomalous Hall effect and intriguing positive-to-negative magnetoresistance, indicating that the obtained alloys are diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs). Our results provide insight into the SPS-prepared Fe-doped SiGe bulk alloys and may be useful for the design, fabrication, and application of group-IV DMSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafei Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolian Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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9
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Moon A, Li Y, McKeever C, Casas BW, Bravo M, Zheng W, Macy J, Petford-Long AK, McCandless GT, Chan JY, Phatak C, Santos EJG, Balicas L. Writing and Detecting Topological Charges in Exfoliated Fe 5-xGeTe 2. ACS Nano 2024; 18:4216-4228. [PMID: 38262067 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Fe5-xGeTe2 is a promising two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnet for practical applications, given its magnetic properties. These include Curie temperatures above room temperature, and topological spin textures─TST (both merons and skyrmions), responsible for a pronounced anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and its topological counterpart (THE), which can be harvested for spintronics. Here, we show that both the AHE and THE can be amplified considerably by just adjusting the thickness of exfoliated Fe5-xGeTe2, with THE becoming observable even in zero magnetic field due to a field-induced unbalance in topological charges. Using a complementary suite of techniques, including electronic transport, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, and micromagnetic simulations, we reveal the emergence of substantial coercive fields upon exfoliation, which are absent in the bulk, implying thickness-dependent magnetic interactions that affect the TST. We detected a "magic" thickness t ≈ 30 nm where the formation of TST is maximized, inducing large magnitudes for the topological charge density (∼6.45 × 1020 cm-2), and the concomitant anomalous (ρxyA,max ≃22.6 μΩ cm) and topological (ρxyu,T 1≃5 μΩ cm) Hall resistivities at T ≈ 120 K. These values for ρxyA,max and ρxyu,T are higher than those found in magnetic topological insulators and, so far, the largest reported for 2D magnets. The hitherto unobserved THE under zero magnetic field could provide a platform for the writing and electrical detection of TST aiming at energy-efficient devices based on vdW ferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Moon
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Yue Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Conor McKeever
- Institute for Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Brian W Casas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Moises Bravo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Wenkai Zheng
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Juan Macy
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Amanda K Petford-Long
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gregory T McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Julia Y Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Charudatta Phatak
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Elton J G Santos
- Institute for Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K
- Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, U.K
| | - Luis Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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10
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Kim S, Zhu J, Piva MM, Schmidt M, Fartab D, Mackenzie AP, Baenitz M, Nicklas M, Rosner H, Cook AM, González‐Hernández R, Šmejkal L, Zhang H. Observation of the Anomalous Hall Effect in a Layered Polar Semiconductor. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2307306. [PMID: 38063838 PMCID: PMC10853720 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Progress in magnetoelectric materials is hindered by apparently contradictory requirements for time-reversal symmetry broken and polar ferroelectric electronic structure in common ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. Alternative routes can be provided by recent discoveries of a time-reversal symmetry breaking anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in noncollinear magnets and altermagnets, but hitherto reported bulk materials are not polar. Here, the authors report the observation of a spontaneous AHE in doped AgCrSe2 , a layered polar semiconductor with an antiferromagnetic coupling between Cr spins in adjacent layers. The anomalous Hall resistivity 3μ Ω c m $\mu \Omega \, \textnormal {cm}$ is comparable to the largest observed in compensated magnetic systems to date, and is rapidly switched off when the angle of an applied magnetic field is rotated to ≈80° from the crystalline c-axis. The ionic gating experiments show that the anomalous Hall conductivity magnitude can be enhanced by modulating the p-type carrier density. They also present theoretical results that suggest the AHE is driven by Berry curvature due to noncollinear antiferromagnetic correlations among Cr spins, which are consistent with the previously suggested magnetic ordering in AgCrSe2 . The results open the possibility to study the interplay of magnetic and ferroelectric-like responses in this fascinating class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo‐Jin Kim
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Jihang Zhu
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems01187DresdenGermany
| | - Mario M. Piva
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Marcus Schmidt
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Dorsa Fartab
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Andrew P. Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
- Scottish Universities Physics AllianceSchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsKY16 9SSUnited Kingdom
| | - Michael Baenitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Michael Nicklas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Helge Rosner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
| | - Ashley M. Cook
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems01187DresdenGermany
| | - Rafael González‐Hernández
- Institut für PhysikJohannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz55128MainzGermany
- Grupo de Investigación en Física AplicadaDepartamento de FísicaUniversidad del NorteBarranquilla080020Colombia
| | - Libor Šmejkal
- Institut für PhysikJohannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz55128MainzGermany
- Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnická 10Praha 6162 00Czech Republic
| | - Haijing Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids01187DresdenGermany
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11
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Wu H, Yang L, Zhang G, Jin W, Xiao B, Zhang W, Chang H. Robust Magnetic Proximity Induced Anomalous Hall Effect in a Room Temperature van der Waals Ferromagnetic Semiconductor Based 2D Heterostructure. Small Methods 2024:e2301524. [PMID: 38295050 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Developing novel high-temperature van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductor materials and investigating their interface coupling effects with 2D topological semimetals are pivotal for advancing next-generation spintronic and quantum devices. However, most van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors exhibit ferromagnetism only at low temperatures, limiting the proximity research on their interfaces with topological semimetals. Here, an intrinsic, van der Waals layered room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductor crystal, FeCr0.5 Ga1.5 Se4 (FCGS), is reported with a Curie temperature (TC ) as high as 370 K, setting a new record for van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors. The saturation magnetization at low temperature (2 K) and room temperature (300 K) reaches 8.2 and 2.7 emu g-1 , respectively. Furthermore, FCGS possesses a bandgap of ≈1.2 eV, which is comparable to the widely used commercial silicon. The FCGS/graphene 2D heterostructure exhibits an impeccably smooth and gapless interface, thereby inducing a robust van der Waals magnetic proximity coupling effect between FCGS and graphene. After the proximity coupling, graphene undergoes a charge carrier transition from electrons to holes, accompanied by a transition from non-magnetic to ferromagnetic transport behavior with robust anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Notably, the van der Waals magnetic proximity-induced AHE remains robust even up to 400 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Li Yang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Gaojie Zhang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bichen Xiao
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Haixin Chang
- Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Shenzhen, 518000, China
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12
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Chen Z, Yang Y, Ying T, Guo JG. High- Tc Ferromagnetic Semiconductor in Thinned 3D Ising Ferromagnetic Metal Fe 3GaTe 2. Nano Lett 2024; 24:993-1000. [PMID: 38190333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Emergent phenomena in exfoliated layered transition metal compounds have attracted much attention in the past several years. Especially, pursuing a ferromagnetic insulator is one of the exciting goals for stimulating a high-performance magnetoelectrical device. Here, we report the transition from a metallic to high-Tc semiconductor-like ferromagnet in thinned Fe3GaTe2, accompanied with competition among various magnetic interactions. As evidenced by critical exponents, Fe3GaTe2 is the first layered ferromagnet described by a 3D Ising model coupled with long-range interactions. An extra magnetic phase from competition between ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism emerges at a low field below Tc. Upon reducing thickness, the Curie temperature (Tc) monotonically decreases from 342 K for bulk to 200 K for 1-3 nm flakes, which is the highest Tc reported as far as we know. Furthermore, a semiconductor-like behavior has been observed in such 1-3 nm flakes. Our results highlight the importance of Fe3GaTe2 in searching for ferromagnetic insulators, which may benefit spintronic device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxu Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianping Ying
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jian-Gang Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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13
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Murotani Y, Kanda N, Fujimoto T, Matsuda T, Goyal M, Yoshinobu J, Kobayashi Y, Oka T, Stemmer S, Matsunaga R. Anomalous Hall Transport by Optically Injected Isospin Degree of Freedom in Dirac Semimetal Thin Film. Nano Lett 2024; 24:222-228. [PMID: 38147363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Chirality of massless fermions emerging in condensed matter is a key to understand their characteristic behavior as well as to exploit their functionality. However, the chiral nature of massless fermions in Dirac semimetals has remained elusive, due to equivalent occupation of carriers with the opposite chirality in thermal equilibrium. Here, we show that the isospin degree of freedom, which labels the chirality of massless carriers from a crystallographic point of view, can be injected by circularly polarized light. Terahertz Faraday rotation spectroscopy successfully detects the anomalous Hall conductivity by a light-induced isospin polarization in a three-dimensional Dirac semimetal, Cd3As2. Spectral analysis of the Hall conductivity reveals a long scattering time and a long decay time, which are characteristic of the isospin. The long-lived, robust, and reversible character of the isospin promises a potential application of Dirac semimetals in future information technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Murotani
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kanda
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Fujimoto
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsuda
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Manik Goyal
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
| | - Jun Yoshinobu
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yohei Kobayashi
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takashi Oka
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Susanne Stemmer
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
| | - Ryusuke Matsunaga
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
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14
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Liu S, Yu JX, Zhang E, Li Z, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Cao L, Li L, Zhao M, Leng P, Cao X, Li A, Zou J, Kou X, Zang J, Xiu F. Gate-tunable Intrinsic Anomalous Hall Effect in Epitaxial MnBi 2Te 4 Films. Nano Lett 2024; 24:16-25. [PMID: 38109350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is an important transport signature revealing topological properties of magnetic materials and their spin textures. Recently, MnBi2Te4 has been demonstrated to be an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator. However, the origin of its intriguing AHE behaviors remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate the Berry curvature-dominated intrinsic AHE in wafer-scale MnBi2Te4 films. By applying back-gate voltages, we observe an ambipolar conduction and n-p transition in ∼7-layer MnBi2Te4, where a quadratic relation between the AHE resistance and longitudinal resistance suggests its intrinsic AHE nature. In particular, for ∼3-layer MnBi2Te4, the AHE sign can be tuned from pristine negative to positive. First-principles calculations unveil that such an AHE reversal originated from the competing Berry curvature between oppositely polarized spin-minority-dominated surface states and spin-majority-dominated inner bands. Our results shed light on the underlying physical mechanism of the intrinsic AHE and provide new perspectives for the unconventional sign-tunable AHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41st Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Jie-Xiang Yu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Enze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zihan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41st Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Liwei Cao
- Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Material, Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lun Li
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Minhao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41st Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Pengliang Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41st Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41st Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Ang Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Material, Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jin Zou
- Materials Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xufeng Kou
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jiadong Zang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Faxian Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, 41st Floor, AI Tower, No. 701 Yunjin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200232, China
- Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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15
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Khan I, Marfoua B, Hong J. Optical transparency in 2D ferromagnetic WSe 2/1T-VSe 2/WSe 2multilayer with strain induced large anomalous Nernst conductivity. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:125704. [PMID: 38055964 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad12e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Transparent two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials may bring intriguing features and are indispensable for transparent electronics. However, it is rare to find both optical transparency and room-temperature ferromagnetism simultaneously in a single 2D material. Herein, we explore the possibility of both these features in 2D WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2heterostructures by taking one monolayer (1ML) and two monolayers (2ML) of 1T-VSe2using first-principles calculations. Further, we investigate anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and anomalous Nernst conductivity (ANC) using a maximally localized Wannier function. The WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2systems show Curie temperatures of 328 and 405 K. Under biaxial compressive strain, the magnetic anisotropy of both systems is switched from in-plane to out-of-plane. We find a large AHC of 1.51 e2/h and 3.10 e2/h in the electron-doped region for strained WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2systems. Furthermore, we obtain a giant ANC of 3.94 AK-1m-1in a hole-doped strained WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2system at 100 K. Both WSe2/1T-VSe2(1ML)/WSe2and WSe2/1T-VSe2(2ML)/WSe2are optically transparent in the visible ranges with large refractive indices of 3.2-3.4. Our results may suggest that the WSe2/1T-VSe2/WSe2structure possesses multifunctional physical properties and these features can be utilized for spintronics and optoelectronics device applications such as magnetic sensors, memory devices, and transparent magneto-optic devices at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Brahim Marfoua
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisang Hong
- Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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16
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He M, Cai J, Zhang YH, Liu Y, Li Y, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Cobden DH, Yankowitz M, Xu X. Symmetry-Broken Chern Insulators in Twisted Double Bilayer Graphene. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37983529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Twisted double bilayer graphene (tDBG) has emerged as a rich platform for studying strongly correlated and topological states, as its flat bands can be continuously tuned by both a perpendicular displacement field and a twist angle. Here, we construct a phase diagram representing the correlated and topological states as a function of these parameters, based on measurements of over a dozen tDBG devices encompassing two distinct stacking configurations. We find a hierarchy of symmetry-broken states that emerge sequentially as the twist angle approaches an apparent optimal value of θ ≈ 1.34°. Nearby this angle, we discover a symmetry-broken Chern insulator (SBCI) state associated with a band filling of 7/2 as well as an incipient SBCI state associated with 11/3 filling. We further observe an anomalous Hall effect at zero field in all samples supporting SBCI states, indicating spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking and possible moiré unit cell enlargement at zero magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhao He
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jiaqi Cai
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Ya-Hui Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - David H Cobden
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Matthew Yankowitz
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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17
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Silva R, Rodrigues JE, Rosa AD, Gainza J, Céspedes E, Nemes NM, Martínez JL, Alonso JA. Elucidating the Magnetoelastic Coupling, Pressure-Dependent Magnetic Behavior, and Anomalous Hall Effect in Fe xTi 2S 4 Intercalation Sulfides. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:50290-50301. [PMID: 37862555 PMCID: PMC10722463 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal chalcogenides with intercalated layered structures are interesting systems in material physics due to their attractive electronic and magnetic properties, with applications in the fields of magnetic refrigerators, catalysts, and thermoelectrics, among others. In this work, we studied in detail the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of (Fe,Ti)-based sulfides with formula FexTi2S4 (x = 0.24, 0.32, and 0.42), prepared as polycrystalline materials under high-pressure conditions. They present a layered Heideite-type crystal structure, as assessed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. A local structure analysis using Fe K-edge extended X-ray-absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data unveiled a conspicuous contraction of the main Fe-S bond in Fe0.24Ti2S4 at the vicinity of the magnetic transition 60-80 K. We suggest that this anomaly is related to magnetoelastic coupling effects. The EXAFS analysis allowed extraction of the Einstein temperatures (θE), i.e., the phonon contribution to the specific heat, for the two bond pairs Fe-S(1) [θE ≈318 K; 290 K (C/T)] and Fe-Ti(1) [θE ≈218 K; 190 K (C/T)]. In addition to the structural and local vibrational measurements, we probed the magnetic properties using magneto-calorimetry, magnetometry under applied pressure, magnetoresistance (MR), and Hall effect measurements. We observed the appearance of a broad peak in the specific heat around 120 K in the x = 0.42 compound that we associated with an antiferromagnetic ordering electronic transition. We found that the antiferromagnetic transition temperature is pressure and composition sensitive and reduces at 1.2 GPa by ∼12 and ∼3 K, for the members with x = 0.24 and x = 0.42, respectively. Similarly, the saturation magnetization in the ordered phase depends on both pressure and iron content, reducing its value by 50, 90, and 30% for x = 0.24, 0.32, and 0.42, respectively. We observed clear jumps in the magnetic hysteresis loops, MR, and anomalous Hall effect (AHE) below 2 K at fields around 2-4 T. We associated this observation with the metamagnetic transitions; from the Berry-curvature a decoupling parameter of SH = 0.12 V-1 is determined. Comparison of the results on the temperature-dependent magnetization, MR, and AHE elucidates a strong inelastic scattering contribution to the AHE at higher temperatures due to the cluster spin-glass phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romualdo
S. Silva
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - João E. Rodrigues
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Angelika D. Rosa
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Javier Gainza
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Céspedes
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Norbert M. Nemes
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento
Física de Materiales, Universidad
Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José L. Martínez
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Alonso
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Luo J, Tong Q, Jiang Z, Bai H, Wu J, Liu X, Xie S, Ge H, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Hong M, Shen D, Zhang Q, Liu W, Tang X. Exploring the Epitaxial Growth Kinetics and Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2Te 4 Films. ACS Nano 2023; 17:19022-19032. [PMID: 37732876 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of MnBi2Te4-based intrinsic magnetic topological insulators has fueled tremendous interest in condensed matter physics, owing to their potential as an ideal platform for exploring the quantum anomalous Hall effect and other magnetism-topology interactions. However, the fabrication of single-phase MnBi2Te4 films remains a common challenge in the research field. Herein, we present an effective and simple approach for fabricating high-quality, near-stoichiometric MnBi2Te4 films by directly matching the growth rates of intermediate Bi2Te3 and MnTe. Through systematic experimental studies and thermodynamic calculations, we demonstrate that binary phases of Bi2Te3 and MnTe are easily formed during film growth, and the reaction of Bi2Te3 + MnTe → MnBi2Te4 represents the rate-limiting step among all possible reaction paths, which could result in the presence of Bi2Te3 and MnTe impurity phases in the grown MnBi2Te4 films. Moreover, Bi2Te3 and MnTe impurities introduce negative and positive anomalous Hall (AH) components, respectively, in the AH signals of MnBi2Te4 films. Our work suggests that further manipulation of growth parameters should be the essential route for fabricating phase-pure MnBi2Te4 films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiwei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhicheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haoran Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Hong
- Centre for Future Materials, and School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland 4300, Australia
| | - Dawei Shen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Qingjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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19
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Lv H, Huang XC, Zhang KHL, Bierwagen O, Ramsteiner M. Underlying Mechanisms and Tunability of the Anomalous Hall Effect in NiCo 2 O 4 Films with Robust Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2302956. [PMID: 37530205 PMCID: PMC10558668 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Their high tunability of electronic and magnetic properties makes transition-metal oxides (TMOs) highly intriguing for fundamental studies and promising for a wide range of applications. TMOs with strong ferrimagnetism provide new platforms for tailoring the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) beyond conventional concepts based on ferromagnets, and particularly TMOs with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are of prime importance for today's spintronics. This study reports on transport phenomena and magnetic characteristics of the ferrimagnetic TMO NiCo2 O4 (NCO) exhibiting PMA. The entire electrical and magnetic properties of NCO films are strongly correlated with their conductivities governed by the cation valence states. The AHE exhibits an unusual sign reversal resulting from a competition between intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms depending on the conductivity, which can be tuned by the synthesis conditions independent of the film thickness. Importantly, skew-scattering is identified as an AHE contribution for the first time in the low-conductivity regime. Application wise, the robust PMA without thickness limitation constitutes a major advantage compared to conventional PMA materials utilized in today's spintronics. The great potential for applications is exemplified by two proposed novel device designs consisting only of NCO films that open a new route for future spintronics, such as ferrimagnetic high-density memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Lv
- Paul‐Drude‐Institut für FestkörperelektronikLeibniz‐Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e. V.Hausvogteiplatz 5–710117BerlinGermany
| | - Xiao Chun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Kelvin Hong Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Oliver Bierwagen
- Paul‐Drude‐Institut für FestkörperelektronikLeibniz‐Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e. V.Hausvogteiplatz 5–710117BerlinGermany
| | - Manfred Ramsteiner
- Paul‐Drude‐Institut für FestkörperelektronikLeibniz‐Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e. V.Hausvogteiplatz 5–710117BerlinGermany
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20
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Marchenkov VV, Irkhin VY. Magnetic States and Electronic Properties of Manganese-Based Intermetallic Compounds Mn 2YAl and Mn 3Z ( Y = V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni; Z = Al, Ge, Sn, Si, Pt). Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6351. [PMID: 37834488 PMCID: PMC10573737 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a brief review of experimental and theoretical papers on studies of electron transport and magnetic properties in manganese-based compounds Mn2YZ and Mn3Z (Y = V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, etc.; Z = Al, Ge, Sn, Si, Pt, etc.). It has been shown that in the electronic subsystem of Mn2YZ compounds, the states of a half-metallic ferromagnet and a spin gapless semiconductor can arise with the realization of various magnetic states, such as a ferromagnet, a compensated ferrimagnet, and a frustrated antiferromagnet. Binary compounds of Mn3Z have the properties of a half-metallic ferromagnet and a topological semimetal with a large anomalous Hall effect, spin Hall effect, spin Nernst effect, and thermal Hall effect. Their magnetic states are also very diverse: from a ferrimagnet and an antiferromagnet to a compensated ferrimagnet and a frustrated antiferromagnet, as well as an antiferromagnet with a kagome-type lattice. It has been demonstrated that the electronic and magnetic properties of such materials are very sensitive to external influences (temperature, magnetic field, external pressure), as well as the processing method (cast, rapidly quenched, nanostructured, etc.). Knowledge of the regularities in the behavior of the electronic and magnetic characteristics of Mn2YAl and Mn3Z compounds can be used for applications in micro- and nanoelectronics and spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov
- Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia;
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21
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Ghosh S, Low A, Ghorai S, Mandal K, Thirupathaiah S. Tuning of electrical, magnetic, and topological properties of magnetic Weyl semimetal Mn3+xGe by Fe doping. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35:485701. [PMID: 37604158 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acf262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
We report on the tuning of electrical, magnetic, and topological properties of the magnetic Weyl semimetal (Mn3+xGe) by Fe doping at the Mn site, Mn(3+x)-δFeδGe (δ= 0, 0.30, and 0.62). Fe doping significantly changes the electrical and magnetic properties of Mn3+xGe. The resistivity of the parent compound displays metallic behavior, the system withδ= 0.30 of Fe doping exhibits semiconducting or bad-metallic behavior, and the system withδ= 0.62 of Fe doping demonstrates a metal-insulator transition at around 100 K. Further, we observe that the Fe doping increases in-plane ferromagnetism, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and induces a spin-glass state at low temperatures. Surprisingly, topological Hall state has been noticed at a Fe doping ofδ= 0.30 that is not found in the parent compound or withδ= 0.62 of Fe doping. In addition, spontaneous anomalous Hall effect observed in the parent system is significantly reduced with increasing Fe doping concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Ghosh
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Achintya Low
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Soumya Ghorai
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Kalyan Mandal
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Setti Thirupathaiah
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
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22
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Brahlek M, Mazza AR, Annaberdiyev A, Chilcote M, Rimal G, Halász GB, Pham A, Pai YY, Krogel JT, Lapano J, Lawrie BJ, Eres G, McChesney J, Prokscha T, Suter A, Oh S, Freeland JW, Cao Y, Gardner JS, Salman Z, Moore RG, Ganesh P, Ward TZ. Emergent Magnetism with Continuous Control in the Ultrahigh-Conductivity Layered Oxide PdCoO 2. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7279-7287. [PMID: 37527431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The current challenge to realizing continuously tunable magnetism lies in our inability to systematically change properties, such as valence, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom, as well as crystallographic geometry. Here, we demonstrate that ferromagnetism can be externally turned on with the application of low-energy helium implantation and can be subsequently erased and returned to the pristine state via annealing. This high level of continuous control is made possible by targeting magnetic metastability in the ultrahigh-conductivity, nonmagnetic layered oxide PdCoO2 where local lattice distortions generated by helium implantation induce the emergence of a net moment on the surrounding transition metal octahedral sites. These highly localized moments communicate through the itinerant metal states, which trigger the onset of percolated long-range ferromagnetism. The ability to continuously tune competing interactions enables tailoring precise magnetic and magnetotransport responses in an ultrahigh-conductivity film and will be critical to applications across spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Brahlek
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Alessandro R Mazza
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Abdulgani Annaberdiyev
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Michael Chilcote
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gaurab Rimal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Gábor B Halász
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anh Pham
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Yun-Yi Pai
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jaron T Krogel
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jason Lapano
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Benjamin J Lawrie
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gyula Eres
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jessica McChesney
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Thomas Prokscha
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Suter
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Seongshik Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - John W Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yue Cao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jason S Gardner
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Zaher Salman
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Robert G Moore
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Panchapakesan Ganesh
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - T Zac Ward
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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23
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Sadhukhan S, Kanungo S. Atomistic designing of 2D quantum materials heterostructures CdF/CrI 3for Berry curvature driven tunable intrinsic anomalous Hall state. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35. [PMID: 37506704 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aceba8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The coupling between topology and magnetism can explore rich physics with fundamental interest. Passing through the phase of Bismuth-based topological insulators magnetized by the 3d/4ftransition metal doping, currently the fabrication of quantum heterostructures by suitable new-generation 2D materials, has emerged as a prospective alternative. Following the current trends, the present investigation deals with the atomistic designing and investigation of the quantum heterostructures of the newly predicted massive Dirac semimetal CdF and well-known layered ferromagnetic insulator CrI3using the first-principles density functional theory calculations supplemented by the low energy tight-binding model Hamiltonian. The designed strategy ensures the lattice mismatch should be within the permissible range. We have addressed the physical characteristics of heterostructures in terms of the non-trivial topological band inversion between Cd-5sand I-2porbitals. Proximity effect induces magnetic interactions, breaks the time-reversal symmetry at the interface, and leads to Berry curvature-driven tunable intrinsic anomalous Hall conductance (AHC) at the Fermi energy. Our analysis reveals the electrons with high Fermi velocity (≈106 m s-1) in the heterostructures and the band topology at the Fermi level can be tuned effectively using very small external gate voltage or homogeneous electric field. Our investigation can open up new avenues for designing new topological phases in the heterostructure community and possible tailoring routes of the intrinsic AHC in moderate temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasree Sadhukhan
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
| | - Sudipta Kanungo
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
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24
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Kammerbauer F, Choi WY, Freimuth F, Lee K, Frömter R, Han DS, Lavrijsen R, Swagten HJM, Mokrousov Y, Kläui M. Controlling the Interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction by Electrical Currents. Nano Lett 2023; 23:7070-7075. [PMID: 37466639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The recently discovered interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (IL-DMI) in multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy favors canting of spins in the in-plane direction. It could thus stabilize intriguing spin textures such as Hopfions. A key requirement for nucleation is to control the IL-DMI. Therefore, we investigate the influence of an electric current on a synthetic antiferromagnet with growth-induced IL-DMI. The IL-DMI is quantified by using out-of-plane hysteresis loops of the anomalous Hall effect while applying a static in-plane magnetic field at varied azimuthal angles. We observe a shift in the azimuthal dependence with an increasing current, which we conclude to originate from the additional in-plane symmetry breaking introduced by the current flow. Fitting the angular dependence, we demonstrate the presence of an additive current-induced term that linearly increases the IL-DMI in the direction of current flow. This opens the possibility of easily manipulating 3D spin textures by currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Kammerbauer
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Won-Young Choi
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 34141 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Frank Freimuth
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Kyujoon Lee
- Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics, Korea University, 30019 Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert Frömter
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dong-Soo Han
- Center for Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 34141 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Reinoud Lavrijsen
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute for Photonic Integration, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J M Swagten
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute for Photonic Integration, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yuriy Mokrousov
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Mathias Kläui
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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25
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Liu J, Ding L, Xu L, Li X, Behnia K, Zhu Z. Tuning the anomalous Nernst and Hall effects with shifting the chemical potential in Fe-doped and Ni-doped Co 3Sn 2S 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2023. [PMID: 37290451 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acdcd9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$ is believed to be a magnetic Weyl semimetal. It displays large anomalous Hall, Nernst and thermal Hall effects with a remarkably large anomalous Hall angle. Here, we present a comprehensive study of how substituting Co by Fe or Ni affects the electrical and thermoelectric transport. We find that doping alters the amplitude of the anomalous transverse coefficients. The maximum decrease in the amplitude of the low-temperature anomalous Hall conductivity $\sigma^A_{ij}$ is twofold. Comparing our results with theoretical calculations of the Berry spectrum assuming a rigid shift of the Fermi level, we find that given the modest shift in the position of the chemical potential induced by doping, the experimentally observed variation occurs five times faster than expected. Doping affects the amplitude and the sign of the anomalous Nernst coefficient. Despite these drastic changes, the amplitude of the $\alpha^A_{ij}/\sigma^A_{ij}$ ratio at the Curie temperature remains close to $\approx 0.5 k_B/e$, in agreement with the scaling relationship observed across many topological magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu road, Wuhan, 430074, CHINA
| | - Linchao Ding
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu road, Wuhan, 430074, CHINA
| | - Liangcai Xu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu road, Wuhan, 430074, CHINA
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu road, Wuhan, 430074, CHINA
| | - Kamran Behnia
- Laboratoire Physique et Etude de Matériaux (CNRS-UPMC), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI), 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, Paris, 75005, FRANCE
| | - Zengwei Zhu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, east campus, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, CHINA
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26
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Rimmler BH, Hazra BK, Pal B, Mohseni K, Taylor JM, Bedoya-Pinto A, Deniz H, Tangi M, Kostanovskiy I, Luo C, Neumann RR, Ernst A, Radu F, Mertig I, Meyerheim HL, Parkin SSP. Atomic Displacements Enabling the Observation of the Anomalous Hall Effect in a Non-Collinear Antiferromagnet. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2209616. [PMID: 36996804 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antiferromagnets with non-collinear spin structures display various properties that make them attractive for spintronic devices. Some of the most interesting examples are an anomalous Hall effect despite negligible magnetization and a spin Hall effect with unusual spin polarization directions. However, these effects can only be observed when the sample is set predominantly into a single antiferromagnetic domain state. This can only be achieved when the compensated spin structure is perturbed and displays weak moments due to spin canting that allows for external domain control. In thin films of cubic non-collinear antiferromagnets, this imbalance is previously assumed to require tetragonal distortions induced by substrate strain. Here, it is shown that in Mn3 SnN and Mn3 GaN, spin canting is due to structural symmetry lowering induced by large displacements of the magnetic manganese atoms away from high-symmetry positions. These displacements remain hidden in X-ray diffraction when only probing the lattice metric and require measurement of a large set of scattering vectors to resolve the local atomic positions. In Mn3 SnN, the induced net moments enable the observation of the anomalous Hall effect with an unusual temperature dependence, which is conjectured to result from a bulk-like temperature-dependent coherent spin rotation within the kagome plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthold H Rimmler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Binoy K Hazra
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Banabir Pal
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Katayoon Mohseni
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - James M Taylor
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Amilcar Bedoya-Pinto
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valéncia, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, Paterna, 46010, Spain
| | - Hakan Deniz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Malleswararao Tangi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ilya Kostanovskiy
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chen Luo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Robin R Neumann
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Universitätsplatz 10, 06108, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Arthur Ernst
- Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Florin Radu
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingrid Mertig
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Universitätsplatz 10, 06108, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Holger L Meyerheim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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27
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Liu Y, Pi H, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Gu G, Li Q, Weng H, Wu Q, Li Y, Xu Y. Gate-Tunable Multiband Transport in ZrTe 5 Thin Devices. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37205726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Interest in ZrTe5 has been reinvigorated in recent years owing to its potential for hosting versatile topological electronic states and intriguing experimental discoveries. However, the mechanism of many of its unusual transport behaviors remains controversial: for example, the characteristic peak in the temperature-dependent resistivity and the anomalous Hall effect. Here, through employing a clean dry-transfer fabrication method in an inert environment, we successfully obtain high-quality ZrTe5 thin devices that exhibit clear dual-gate tunability and ambipolar field effects. Such devices allow us to systematically study the resistance peak as well as the Hall effect at various doping densities and temperatures, revealing the contribution from electron-hole asymmetry and multiple-carrier transport. By comparing with theoretical calculations, we suggest a simplified semiclassical two-band model to explain the experimental observations. Our work helps to resolve the longstanding puzzles on ZrTe5 and could potentially pave the way for realizing novel topological states in the two-dimensional limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqi Pi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Qiang Li
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, United States
| | - Hongming Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Quansheng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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28
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Cao T, Shao DF, Huang K, Gurung G, Tsymbal EY. Switchable Anomalous Hall Effects in Polar-Stacked 2D Antiferromagnet MnBi 2Te 4. Nano Lett 2023; 23:3781-3787. [PMID: 37115910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
van der Waals (vdW) assembly of two-dimensional (2D) materials allows polar layer stacking to realize novel properties switchable by the induced electric polarization. Here, based on symmetry analyses and density-functional calculations, we explore the emergence of the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in antiferromagnetic MnBi2Te4 films assembled by polar layer stacking. We demonstrate that breaking P̂T̂ symmetry in an MnBi2Te4 bilayer produces a magnetoelectric effect and a spontaneous AHE switchable by electric polarization. We find that reversible polarization at one of the interfaces in a three-layer MnBi2Te4 film drives a metal-insulator transition, as well as switching between the AHE and quantum AHE (QAHE). Finally, we predict that engineering interlayer polarization in a three-layer MnBi2Te4 film allows converting MnBi2Te4 from a trivial insulator to a Chern insulator. Overall, our work emphasizes the topological properties in 2D vdW antiferromagnets induced by polar layer stacking, which do not exist in a bulk material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Cao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, United States
| | - Ding-Fu Shao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, United States
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, United States
| | - Gautam Gurung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, United States
| | - Evgeny Y Tsymbal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy & Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0299, United States
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29
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Wang X, Cui S, Yang M, Zhao L, Tan B, Liu T, Wang G, Deng J, Luo J. Tuning crystal orientation and chiral spin order in Mn3Ge by annealing process and ion implantation. Nanotechnology 2023; 34. [PMID: 37075714 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acce40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The non-collinear antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Mn3X (X=Ga, Ge, Sn) system has attracted a lot of attentions owing to its robust anomalous Hall effect (AHE), large spin Hall angle and small net magnetization at room temperature. The high spin-charge interconversion efficiency makes it a super candidate in topological antiferromagnetic spintronic devices, which could facilitate ultra-fast operation of high-density devices with low energy consumption. In this work, we have realized to obtain different chiral spin structures in Heusler alloy Mn3Ge thin films, which originate from different crystalline orientations. The high-quality (0002)- and (200)-oriented single phase hexagonal Mn3Ge films are achieved by controllable growth, annealing process and ion implantation. The various magnetic properties and AHE behaviors are observed along a and c crystal axes, equivalent to magnetic field in and out of the inverse triangular spin plane. The observation demonstrates the manipulation of crystal structure accompanied with chiral spin order in a non-collinear antiferromagnetic Mn3Ge film, which is induced by energy conversion and defect introduction. The in-situ thermal treatment induces crystal phase rotation up to 90° and robust AHE modulation, which is significantly important and highly desirable for flexible spin memory device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, Beijing, 100124, CHINA
| | - Shuainan Cui
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, Beijing, 100124, CHINA
| | - Meiyin Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microelectronics, Beijing 100029, Beijing, 100029, CHINA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microelectronics, Beijing 100029, Beijing, 100029, CHINA
| | - Bi Tan
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Chengdu, 610054, CHINA
| | - Tao Liu
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.4,Section 2,North Jianshe Road,Chengdu,P.R.China, Chengdu, 610054, CHINA
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, Beijing, 100124, CHINA
| | - Jinxiang Deng
- Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Beijing, 100124, CHINA
| | - Jun Luo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, Beijing, 100029, CHINA
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Wang F, Zhao YF, Yan ZJ, Zhuo D, Yi H, Yuan W, Zhou L, Zhao W, Chan MHW, Chang CZ. Evolution of Dopant-Concentration-Induced Magnetic Exchange Interaction in Topological Insulator Thin Films. Nano Lett 2023; 23:2483-2489. [PMID: 36930727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, the quantum anomalous Hall effect has been realized in chromium (Cr)- and/or vanadium(V)-doped topological insulator (Bi,Sb)2Te3 thin films. In this work, we use molecular beam epitaxy to synthesize both V- and Cr-doped Bi2Te3 thin films with controlled dopant concentration. By performing magneto-transport measurements, we find that both systems show an unusual yet similar ferromagnetic response with respect to magnetic dopant concentration; specifically the Curie temperature does not increase monotonically but shows a local maximum at a critical dopant concentration. We attribute this unusual ferromagnetic response observed in Cr/V-doped Bi2Te3 thin films to the dopant-concentration-induced magnetic exchange interaction, which displays evolution from van Vleck-type ferromagnetism in a nontrivial magnetic topological insulator to Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY)-type ferromagnetism in a trivial diluted magnetic semiconductor. Our work provides insights into the ferromagnetic properties of magnetically doped topological insulator thin films and facilitates the pursuit of high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhao
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zi-Jie Yan
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Deyi Zhuo
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Hemian Yi
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Lingjie Zhou
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Moses H W Chan
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Cui-Zu Chang
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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31
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Zhang L, Pan D, Zhu S, Li S. Polaron induced local spin texture and anomalous Hall effect in the quadrilateral prism-shaped nanotube with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. J Phys Condens Matter 2023; 35:255401. [PMID: 36972620 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc7ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically study the spin-texture dynamics and the transverse asymmetric charge deflection induced by the polaron in a quadrilateral prism-shaped nanotube with the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We reveal the polaron gives rise to the nontrivial local spin textures in the nanotube within the cross section plane. The spins demonstrate oscillations and the oscillating patterns are dependent on the SOC type. For the nanotube containing a segment of the ferromagnetic domain, the sizable asymmetric charge deflections could additionally take place, namely, the anomalous Hall effect. The amount of the deflected charges is determined by the strength and orientations of the ferromagnetic magnetization as well as the SOC type. The work provides a valuable insight of the coherent transport of polaron through a quasi-one-dimensional nanotube with Rashba and Dresselhaus SOC and open avenues for the potential device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Zhang
- National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Pan
- College of Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilei Zhu
- College of Physics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Li
- College of Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
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32
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Peng J, Su Y, Lv H, Wu J, Liu Y, Wang M, Zhao J, Guo Y, Wu X, Wu C, Xie Y. Even-Odd-Layer-Dependent Ferromagnetism in 2D Non-van-der-Waals CrCuSe 2. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2209365. [PMID: 36797646 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals (vdW) layered materials with strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy have attracted significant interest as the long-range magnetic order in these systems can survive even when their thicknesses is reduced to the 2D limit. Even though the interlayer coupling between the neighboring magnetic layers is very weak, it has a determining effect on the magnetism of these atomic-thickness materials. Herein, a new 2D ferromagnetic material, namely, non-vdW CuCrSe2 nanosheets with even-odd-layer-dependent ferromagnetism when laminated from an antiferromagnetic bulk is reported. Monolayer and even-layer CuCrSe2 exhibit the anomalous Hall effect and a significantly enhanced magnetic ordering temperature of more than 125 K. In contrast, the linear Hall effect exists in the odd-layer samples. Theoretical calculations indicate that the layer-dependent magnetic coupling is attributable to the orbital shift of the Cr atoms in the CrSe2 layers owing to the Cu-induced breaking of the centrosymmetry. Thus, this work sheds light on the exotic magnetic properties of layered materials that exhibit phenomena beyond weak interlayer interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yueqi Su
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- CAS Key Lab of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jiajing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jiyin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- CAS Key Lab of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Changzheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
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Cui J, Lei B, Shi M, Xiang Z, Wu T, Chen X. Layer-Dependent Magnetic Structure and Anomalous Hall Effect in the Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 4Te 7. Nano Lett 2023; 23:1652-1658. [PMID: 36790199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator (TI) MnBi4Te7 provides a capacious playground for the realization of topological quantum phenomena, such as the axion insulator states and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect. In addition to nontrivial band topology, magnetism is another necessary ingredient for realizing these quantum phenomena. Here, we investigate signatures of thickness-dependent magnetism in exfoliated MnBi4Te7 thin flakes. We observe an obvious odd-even layer-number effect in few-layer MnBi4Te7. Noticeably, we show that in monolayer MnBi4Te7 the anomalous Hall effect exhibits a sign reversal. Compared with the case of MnBi2Te4, interlayer antiferromagnetic exchange coupling, which is essential for the realization of the QAH effect, is greatly suppressed in MnBi4Te7. The demonstration of thickness-dependent magnetic properties is helpful to further explore the topological quantum phenomena in MnBi4Te7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tao Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xianhui Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Shanghai 200050, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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34
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Yang R, Gao Y, Wang S, Jin K. High-Mobility Magnetic Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in Engineered Oxide Interfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:2376-2383. [PMID: 36577504 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The engineered interfaces of complex oxides have abundant physical properties and provide a powerful platform for the exploration of fundamental physics and emergent phenomena. In particular, research on the two-dimensional magnetic systems with high mobility remains a long-standing challenge for the discovery of quantum phase and spintronic applications. Here, we introduce a few atomic layers of the delta doping layer at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces through elaborately controllable epitaxial growth of SrRuO3. After inserting a SrRuO3 buffer layer, the interfaces exhibit a well-defined anomalous Hall effect up to 100 K and their mobility is enhanced by 3 orders of magnitude at low temperatures. More intriguingly, a large unsaturated positive magnetoresistance is created at interfaces. Combining with the density functional theory calculation, we attribute our findings to the electron transfer at interfaces and the magnetic moment of Ru4+ 4d bands. The results pave a way for further research of two-dimensional ferromagnetism and quantum transport in all-oxide systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruishu Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Structures and Properties and MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an710072, China
| | - Yuqiang Gao
- Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, China
| | - Shuanhu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Structures and Properties and MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an710072, China
| | - Kexin Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Structures and Properties and MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an710072, China
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35
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Khoroshilov AL, Krasikov KM, Azarevich AN, Bogach AV, Glushkov VV, Krasnorussky VN, Voronov VV, Shitsevalova NY, Filipov VB, Gabáni S, Flachbart K, Sluchanko NE. Hall Effect Anisotropy in the Paramagnetic Phase of Ho(0.8)Lu(0.2)B(12) Induced by Dynamic Charge Stripes. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36677734 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A detailed study of charge transport in the paramagnetic phase of the cage-cluster dodecaboride Ho0.8Lu0.2B12 with an instability both of the fcc lattice (cooperative Jahn−Teller effect) and the electronic structure (dynamic charge stripes) was carried out at temperatures 1.9−300 K in magnetic fields up to 80 kOe. Four mono-domain single crystals of Ho0.8Lu0.2B12 samples with different crystal axis orientation were investigated in order to establish the singularities of Hall effect, which develop due to (i) the electronic phase separation (stripes) and (ii) formation of the disordered cage-glass state below T*~60 K. It was demonstrated that a considerable intrinsic anisotropic positive component ρanxy appears at low temperatures in addition to the ordinary negative Hall resistivity contribution in magnetic fields above 40 kOe applied along the [001] and [110] axes. A relation between anomalous components of the resistivity tensor ρanxy~ρanxx1.7 was found for H||[001] below T*~60 K, and a power law ρanxy~ρanxx0.83 for the orientation H||[110] at temperatures T < TS~15 K. It is argued that below characteristic temperature TS~15 K the anomalous odd ρanxy(T) and even ρanxx(T) parts of the resistivity tensor may be interpreted in terms of formation of long chains in the filamentary structure of fluctuating charges (stripes). We assume that these ρanxy(H||[001]) and ρanxy(H||[110]) components represent the intrinsic (Berry phase contribution) and extrinsic (skew scattering) mechanism, respectively. Apart from them, an additional ferromagnetic contribution to both isotropic and anisotropic components in the Hall signal was registered and attributed to the effect of magnetic polarization of 5d states (ferromagnetic nano-domains) in the conduction band of Ho0.8Lu0.2B12.
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36
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Han H, Zhou H, Guillemard C, Valvidares M, Sharma A, Li Y, Sharma AK, Kostanovskiy I, Ernst A, Parkin SSP. Reversal of Anomalous Hall Effect and Octahedral Tilting in SrRuO 3 Thin Films via Hydrogen Spillover. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2207246. [PMID: 36271718 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The perovskite SrRuO3 (SRO) is a strongly correlated oxide whose physical and structural properties are strongly intertwined. Notably, SRO is an itinerant ferromagnet that exhibits a large anomalous Hall effect (AHE) whose sign can be readily modified. Here, a hydrogen spillover method is used to tailor the properties of SRO thin films via hydrogen incorporation. It is found that the magnetization and Curie temperature of the films are strongly reduced and, at the same time, the structure evolves from an orthorhombic to a tetragonal phase as the hydrogen content is increased up to ≈0.9 H per SRO formula unit. The structural phase transition is shown, via in situ crystal truncation rod measurements, to be related to tilting of the RuO6 octahedral units. The significant changes observed in magnetization are shown, via density functional theory (DFT), to be a consequence of shifts in the Fermi level. The reported findings provide new insights into the physical properties of SRO via tailoring its lattice symmetry and emergent physical phenomena via the hydrogen spillover technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Han
- Nano Systems from Ions, Spins, and Electrons (NISE), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hua Zhou
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Charles Guillemard
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, E-08290, Spain
| | - Manuel Valvidares
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, E-08290, Spain
| | - Arpit Sharma
- Nano Systems from Ions, Spins, and Electrons (NISE), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yan Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Ankit K Sharma
- Nano Systems from Ions, Spins, and Electrons (NISE), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ilya Kostanovskiy
- Nano Systems from Ions, Spins, and Electrons (NISE), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Arthur Ernst
- Nano Systems from Ions, Spins, and Electrons (NISE), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Nano Systems from Ions, Spins, and Electrons (NISE), Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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37
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Deng Y, Xiang Z, Lei B, Zhu K, Mu H, Zhuo W, Hua X, Wang M, Wang Z, Wang G, Tian M, Chen X. Layer-Number-Dependent Magnetism and Anomalous Hall Effect in van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe 5GeTe 2. Nano Lett 2022; 22:9839-9846. [PMID: 36475695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Realization of ferromagnetism in the two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) crystals opens up a vital route to understand the magnetic ordering in the 2D limit and to design novel spintronics. Here, we report enriched layer-number-dependent magnetotransport properties in the vdW ferromagnet Fe5GeTe2. By studying the magnetoresistance and anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in nanoflakes with thicknesses down to monolayer, we demonstrate that while the bulk crystals exhibit soft ferromagnetism with an in-plane magnetic anisotropy, hard ferromagnetism develops upon thinning, and a perpendicular easy-axis anisotropy is realized in bilayer flakes, which is accompanied by a pronounced enhancement of AHE because of extrinsic mechanisms. For the monolayer flakes, the hard ferromagnetism is replaced by spin-glass-like behavior, in accordance with the localization effect in the 2D limit. Our results highlight the thickness-based tunability of the magnetotransport properties in the atomically thin vdW magnets that promises engineering of high-performance spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Deng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Ziji Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Bin Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Kejia Zhu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Haimen Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Weizhuang Zhuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Xiangyu Hua
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Zhengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Mingliang Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui230031, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Xianhui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, Hefei, Anhui230026, China
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38
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Chatterjee S, Sau J, Ghosh S, Samanta S, Ghosh B, Kumar M, Mandal K. Anomalous Hall effect in topological Weyl and nodal-line semimetal Heusler compound Co 2VAl. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 51:035601. [PMID: 36343373 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca0d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic topological semimetals (TSMs) with broken time-reversal symmetry are very rare and have drawn significant attention in condensed matter physics due to their numerous intriguing topological properties. Among these various magnetic TSMs, Co2-based full Heusler compounds are of current interest, since a few of these materials exhibit Weyl and nodal fermions in their topological band structure. In this work, we report a comprehensive study of anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in the ferromagnetic full Heusler compound Co2VAl. Recent studies indicate that the intrinsic AHE is closely related to the Berry curvature of the occupied electronic Bloch states. The present study of Co2VAl attempts to understand and explore the possibility of topology-induced AHE. The anomalous Hall resistivityρxyAis observed to scale quadratically with the longitudinal resistivityρxx. Our experimental results also reveal that the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) is ∼85 cm-1at 2 K with an intrinsic contribution of ∼75.6 S cm-1, and is nearly insensitive to temperature. The first principle calculations note that the Berry curvature originated from a gapped nodal line and symmetry-protected Weyl nodes near the Fermi level (EF) is the main source of AHE in this compound. Thus, this investigation on Co2VAl discloses that it is a ferromagnetic Weyl and nodal-line TSM. The theoretically calculated AHC is in well agreement with the experimentally obtained AHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chatterjee
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Jyotirmay Sau
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Saheli Samanta
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Barnali Ghosh
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Manoranjan Kumar
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Kalyan Mandal
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
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39
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Huang D, Li H, Xi X, Gao J, Lau YC, Wang W. Magnetoresistance reversals and anomalous Hall effect in Mn 3SnC and effects of carbon deficiency. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 51:025702. [PMID: 36327461 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aca000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The transport behavior of Mn3SnC and Mn3SnC0.8compounds was investigated. Positive magnetoresistance (MR) and an anomalous Hall effect (AHE) are observed for each compound near respective Curie temperature,TC. The positive MR is reversed during cooling fromTCbut is reentrant at low temperature. A 20% carbon deficiency of Mn3SnC0.8enlarges the positive MR atTCand shifts the temperatures for MR reversals. Ferromagnetic (FM) resonance measurements reveal that the MR reversals are related to the competition between FM and antiferromagnetic components of Mn atoms in each compound. A sign change of the Hall resistivity is observed during cooling of Mn3SnC but not for Mn3SnC0.8. A scaling analysis suggests that the AHE in each compound is mostly due to an intrinsic contribution and that the intrinsic contribution is decreased by the carbon deficiency in Mn3SnC0.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuekui Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianrong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chang Lau
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhong Wang
- Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
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40
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Hua E, Si L, Dai K, Wang Q, Ye H, Liu K, Zhang J, Lu J, Chen K, Jin F, Wang L, Wu W. Ru-Doping-Induced Spin Frustration and Enhancement of the Room-Temperature Anomalous Hall Effect in La 2/3 Sr 1/3 MnO 3 Films. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2206685. [PMID: 36120849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In transition-metal-oxide heterostructures, the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is a powerful tool for detecting the magnetic state and revealing intriguing interfacial magnetic orderings. However, achieving a larger AHE at room temperature in oxide heterostructures is still challenging due to the dilemma of mutually strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetic exchange interactions. Here, Ru-doping-enhanced AHE in La2/3 Sr1/3 Mn1-x Rux O3 epitaxial films is exploited. As the B-site Ru doping level increases up to 20%, the anomalous Hall resistivity at room temperature can be enhanced from nΩ cm to µΩ cm scale. Ru doping leads to strong competition between the ferromagnetic double-exchange interaction and the antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction. The resultant spin frustration and spin-glass state facilitate a strong skew-scattering process, thus significantly enhancing the extrinsic AHE. The findings can pave a feasible approach for boosting the controllability and reliability of oxide-based spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enda Hua
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liang Si
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
- Institute of Solid State Physics, TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Kunjie Dai
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jingdi Lu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Kai Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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41
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Llacsahuanga Allcca AE, Pan XC, Miotkowski I, Tanigaki K, Chen YP. Gate-Tunable Anomalous Hall Effect in Stacked van der Waals Ferromagnetic Insulator-Topological Insulator Heterostructures. Nano Lett 2022; 22:8130-8136. [PMID: 36215229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The search of novel topological states, such as the quantum anomalous Hall insulator and chiral Majorana fermions, has motivated different schemes to introduce magnetism into topological insulators. A promising scheme is using the magnetic proximity effect (MPE), where a ferromagnetic insulator magnetizes the topological insulator. Most of these heterostructures are synthesized by growth techniques which prevent mixing many of the available ferromagnetic and topological insulators due to difference in growth conditions. Here, we demonstrate that MPE can be obtained in heterostructures stacked via the dry transfer of flakes of van der Waals ferromagnetic and topological insulators (Cr2Ge2Te6/BiSbTeSe2), as evidenced in the observation of an anomalous Hall effect (AHE). Furthermore, devices made from these heterostructures allow modulation of the AHE when controlling the carrier density via electrostatic gating. These results show that simple mechanical transfer of magnetic van der Waals materials provides another possible avenue to magnetize topological insulators by MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres E Llacsahuanga Allcca
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xing-Chen Pan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ireneusz Miotkowski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Katsumi Tanigaki
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong P Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy and Villum Center for Hybrid Quantum Materials and Devices, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus-C, Denmark
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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42
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Tai L, Dai B, Li J, Huang H, Chong SK, Wong KL, Zhang H, Zhang P, Deng P, Eckberg C, Qiu G, He H, Wu D, Xu S, Davydov A, Wu R, Wang KL. Distinguishing the Two-Component Anomalous Hall Effect from the Topological Hall Effect. ACS Nano 2022; 16:17336-17346. [PMID: 36126321 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In transport, the topological Hall effect (THE) presents itself as nonmonotonic features (or humps and dips) in the Hall signal and is widely interpreted as a sign of chiral spin textures, like magnetic skyrmions. However, when the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is also present, the coexistence of two AHEs could give rise to similar artifacts, making it difficult to distinguish between genuine THE with AHE and two-component AHE. Here, we confirm genuine THE with AHE by means of transport and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy, in which magnetic skyrmions are directly observed, and find that genuine THE occurs in the transition region of the AHE. In sharp contrast, the artifact "THE" or two-component AHE occurs well beyond the saturation of the "AHE component" (under the false assumption of THE + AHE). Furthermore, we distinguish artifact "THE" from genuine THE by three methods: (1) minor loops, (2) temperature dependence, and (3) gate dependence. Minor loops of genuine THE with AHE are always within the full loop, while minor loops of the artifact "THE" may reveal a single loop that cannot fit into the "AHE component". In addition, the temperature or gate dependence of the artifact "THE" may also be accompanied by a polarity change of the "AHE component", as the nonmonotonic features vanish, while the temperature dependence of genuine THE with AHE reveals no such change. Our work may help future researchers to exercise caution and use these methods for careful examination in order to ascertain the genuine THE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Tai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bingqian Dai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Hanshen Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Su Kong Chong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kin L Wong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Huairuo Zhang
- Theiss Research, Inc., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peng Deng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Christopher Eckberg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Fibertek, Inc., Herndon, Virginia 20171, United States
- US Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
- US Army Research Laboratory, Playa Vista, California 90094, United States
| | - Gang Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Haoran He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shijie Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure and Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Albert Davydov
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Ruqian Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Kang L Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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43
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Gupta V, Jain R, Ren Y, Zhang XS, Alnaser HF, Vashist A, Deshpande VV, Muller DA, Xiao D, Sparks TD, Ralph DC. Gate-Tunable Anomalous Hall Effect in a 3D Topological Insulator/2D Magnet van der Waals Heterostructure. Nano Lett 2022; 22:7166-7172. [PMID: 35994426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate advantages of samples made by mechanical stacking of exfoliated van der Waals materials for controlling the topological surface state of a three-dimensional topological insulator (TI) via interaction with an adjacent magnet layer. We assemble bilayers with pristine interfaces using exfoliated flakes of the TI BiSbTeSe2 and the magnet Cr2Ge2Te6, thereby avoiding problems caused by interdiffusion that can affect interfaces made by top-down deposition methods. The samples exhibit an anomalous Hall effect (AHE) with abrupt hysteretic switching. For the first time in samples composed of a TI and a separate ferromagnetic layer, we demonstrate that the amplitude of the AHE can be tuned via gate voltage with a strong peak near the Dirac point. This is the signature expected for the AHE due to Berry curvature associated with an exchange gap induced by interaction between the topological surface state and an out-of-plane-oriented magnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Gupta
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Rakshit Jain
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Yafei Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xiyue S Zhang
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Husain F Alnaser
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Amit Vashist
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Vikram V Deshpande
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - David A Muller
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Taylor D Sparks
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Daniel C Ralph
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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44
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Yu L, Li Z, Zhu J, Liu H, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Xu K, Liu Y. Electrical and Magnetic Transport Properties of Co 2VGa Half-Metallic Heusler Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6138. [PMID: 36079519 PMCID: PMC9458064 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study performed a systematic experimental investigation into the structural, magnetic, and transport properties of the Co2VGa Heusler alloy, which was theoretically predicted to exhibit half-metallic ferromagnetism. It has been experimentally found that the studied alloy has a relatively high-ordered L21 cubic structure at room temperature and orders ferromagnetically below ~350 K. Interestingly, by fitting the electric transport data with the properly governing equations in two different temperature regions, the two-magnon scattering process (the T9/2 dependence) appears in the temperature range from 30 to 75 K. Moreover, the magnetoresistance effect changes from a negative value to a positive value when the temperature is below 100 K. Such experimental findings provide indirect evidence that the half-metallic nature of this alloy is retained only when the temperature is below 100 K. On the other hand, the magnetic transport measurements indicate that the anomalous Hall coefficient of this alloy increases when the temperature increases and reaches a relatively high value (~8.3 μΩ·cm/T) at 300 K due to its lower saturated magnetization. By analyzing the anomalous Hall resistivity scale with the longitudinal resistivity, it was also found that the anomalous Hall effect can be ascribed to the combined effect of extrinsic skew scattering and intrinsic Berry curvature, but the latter contribution plays a dominant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Yu
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
- Center for Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Center for Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Jiajun Zhu
- Yunnan Zhongruans Liquid Metal Technology Co., Ltd., Qujing 655400, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Center for Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
- Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yuanlei Zhang
- Center for Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Yiming Cao
- Center for Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Center for Magnetic Materials and Devices, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
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45
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Liu T, Shen L, Cheng SD, Wang H, Li Y, Liu M. Interfacial Modulation on Co 0.2Fe 2.8O 4 Epitaxial Thin Films for Anomalous Hall Sensor Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:37887-37893. [PMID: 35950982 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic oxide films with a strong anomalous Hall effect (AHE) have attracted much attention due to their strong sensitivity and high polarization for magnetic sensor applications. However, the linearity of the anomalous Hall sensors still needs improving. In this work, we propose to use the interface regulation to improve the linearity of the AHE. We grow spinel ferrite Co0.2Fe2.8O4 (CoFeO) thin films on MgAl2O4 (MAO) substrates and alter their interfacial properties by inserting a graphene layer between the MAO substrate and the CoFeO film. Through a detailed structure and performance analysis, it reveals that the insertion of graphene has not broken the epitaxial nature of the films but endows the film with a nanopillar-like structure. A series of electrical tests show that the Hall resistance signal of our thin film system has high sensitivity and high linearity to the magnetic field. Reduced hysteresis and better linearity of the anomalous Hall resistance were found in the graphene-inserted heterostructure due to differences in the nanostructure and possibly interfacial coupling. These results suggest that interfacial engineering offers a pathway to tune the performance of ferrite thin film systems for sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Liu
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lvkang Shen
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shao-Dong Cheng
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - He Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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46
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Deng P, Grutter A, Han Y, Holtz ME, Zhang P, Quarterman P, Pan S, Qi S, Qiao Z, Wang KL. Topological Surface State Annihilation and Creation in SnTe/Cr x(BiSb) 2-xTe 3 Heterostructures. Nano Lett 2022; 22:5735-5741. [PMID: 35850534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Topological surface states are a new class of electronic states with novel properties, including the potential for annihilation between surface states from two topological insulators at a common interface. Here, we report the annihilation and creation of topological surface states in the SnTe/Crx(BiSb)2-xTe3 (CBST) heterostructures as evidenced by magneto-transport, polarized neutron reflectometry, and first-principles calculations. Our results show that topological surface states are induced in the otherwise topologically trivial two-quintuple-layers thick CBST when interfaced with SnTe, as a result of the surface state annihilation at the SnTe/CBST interface. Moreover, we unveiled systematic changes in the transport behaviors of the heterostructures with respect to changing Fermi level and thickness. Our observation of surface state creation and annihilation demonstrates a promising way of designing and engineering topological surface states for dissipationless electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Science, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Alexander Grutter
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Yulei Han
- ICQD, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Megan E Holtz
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Patrick Quarterman
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Shuaihang Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shifei Qi
- ICQD, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
- College of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Film Laboratory, Hebei Normal University, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Zhenhua Qiao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Kang L Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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47
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Qin P, Yan H, Fan B, Feng Z, Zhou X, Wang X, Chen H, Meng Z, Duan W, Tang P, Liu Z. Chemical Potential Switching of the Anomalous Hall Effect in an Ultrathin Noncollinear Antiferromagnetic Metal. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2200487. [PMID: 35393740 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the anomalous Hall effect in noncollinear antiferromagnetic metals represents one of the most important breakthroughs for the emergent antiferromagnetic spintronics. The tuning of chemical potential has been an important theoretical approach to varying the anomalous Hall conductivity, but the direct experimental demonstration has been challenging owing to the large carrier density of metals. In this work, an ultrathin noncollinear antiferromagnetic Mn3 Ge film is fabricated and its carrier density is modulated by ionic liquid gating. Via a small voltage of ≈3 V, its carrier density is altered by ≈90% and, accordingly, the anomalous Hall effect is completely switched off. This work thus creates an attractive new way to steering the anomalous Hall effect in noncollinear antiferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Han Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Benshu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zexin Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ziang Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenhui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peizhe Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Center for Free Electron Laser Science, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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48
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Jaiswal AK, Wang D, Wollersen V, Schneider R, Tacon ML, Fuchs D. Direct Observation of Strong Anomalous Hall Effect and Proximity-Induced Ferromagnetic State in SrIrO 3. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2109163. [PMID: 35080789 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The 5d iridium-based transition metal oxides have gained broad interest because of their strong spin-orbit coupling, which favors new or exotic quantum electronic states. On the other hand, they rarely exhibit more mainstream orders like ferromagnetism due to generally weak electron-electron correlation strength. Here, a proximity-induced ferromagnetic (FM) state with TC ≈ 100 K and strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy is shown in a SrIrO3 (SIO) heterostructure via interfacial charge transfer by using a ferromagnetic insulator in contact with SIO. Electrical transport allows to selectively probe the FM state of the SIO layer and the direct observation of a strong, intrinsic, and positive anomalous Hall effect (AHE). For T ≤ 20 K, the AHE displays unusually large coercive and saturation field, a fingerprint of a strong pseudospin-lattice coupling. A Hall angle, σxy AHE /σxx , larger by an order of magnitude than in typical 3d metals and an FM net moment of about 0.1 μB /Ir, is reported. This emphasizes how efficiently the nontrivial topological band properties of SIO can be manipulated by structural modifications and the exchange interaction with 3d TMOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Jaiswal
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Di Wang
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vanessa Wollersen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rudolf Schneider
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthieu Le Tacon
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dirk Fuchs
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
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49
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Chen P, Liu P, Wang Y, Li X, Yun J, Gao C. Strain-relaxation induced transverse resistivity anomaly in epitaxial films through lithography engineering. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:205801. [PMID: 35213847 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac58d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The exotic transverse resistivity in magnetic materials has received intense research because of possible new emergent physics. Here, we report the strain-relaxation induced transverse resistivity anomaly in Mn2CoAl epitaxial films through lithography engineering. The anomalous Hall resistivityρxyAHdecreases from 0.48 to 0.17μΩ cm at 10 K when the widths of the Hall bar decreases from 40 to 1 μm, and the temperature dependence ofρxyAHreverses for the 1.4 μm deep-etched samples. Importantly, Hall resistivity anomalies appear in the 1μm-wide and 1.4μm-wide deep-etched Hall bar samples, which can be well explained by the two-channel transport mechanism. We believe that these observations can be attributed to the strain relaxation effect when the Hall bar width is narrowed to around 1 μm. Our work shows that the induced strain relaxation can possibly lead to the alternation of the materials' electronic structure, and the size effect should be considered when the sample size is reduced to about 1 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzuo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijun Yun
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunxu Gao
- Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zou WJ, Guo MX, Wong JF, Huang ZP, Chia JM, Chen WN, Wang SX, Lin KY, Young LB, Lin YHG, Yahyavi M, Wu CT, Jeng HT, Lee SF, Chang TR, Hong M, Kwo J. Enormous Berry-Curvature-Based Anomalous Hall Effect in Topological Insulator (Bi,Sb) 2Te 3 on Ferrimagnetic Europium Iron Garnet beyond 400 K. ACS Nano 2022; 16:2369-2380. [PMID: 35099945 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To realize the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) at elevated temperatures, the approach of magnetic proximity effect (MPE) was adopted to break the time-reversal symmetry in the topological insulator (Bi0.3Sb0.7)2Te3 (BST) based heterostructures with a ferrimagnetic insulator europium iron garnet (EuIG) of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Here we demonstrate large anomalous Hall resistance (RAHE) exceeding 8 Ω (ρAHE of 3.2 μΩ·cm) at 300 K and sustaining to 400 K in 35 BST/EuIG samples, surpassing the past record of 0.28 Ω (ρAHE of 0.14 μΩ·cm) at 300 K. The large RAHE is attributed to an atomically abrupt, Fe-rich interface between BST and EuIG. Importantly, the gate dependence of the AHE loops shows no sign change with varying chemical potential. This observation is supported by our first-principles calculations via applying a gradient Zeeman field plus a contact potential on BST. Our calculations further demonstrate that the AHE in this heterostructure is attributed to the intrinsic Berry curvature. Furthermore, for gate-biased 4 nm BST on EuIG, a pronounced topological Hall effect-like (THE-like) feature coexisting with AHE is observed at the negative top-gate voltage up to 15 K. Interface tuning with theoretical calculations has realized topologically distinct phenomena in tailored magnetic TI-based heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jhih Zou
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Xin Guo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Fong Wong
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Ping Huang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Min Chia
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nien Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Xin Wang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Yung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lawrence Boyu Young
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsun Glen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Mohammad Yahyavi
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ting Wu
- Materials Analysis Division, Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300091, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Tay Jeng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Fan Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tay-Rong Chang
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research and Technology (QFort), Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Minghwei Hong
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jueinai Kwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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