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Yu D, Yang G, Mo J, Zhang M, Xia H, Gan Z, Lu Y. Identification and functional characterization of interleukin-22 (IL-22) in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109598. [PMID: 38697375 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
In mammals, IL-22 is considered as a critical cytokine regulating of immunity and homeostasis at barrier surfaces. Although IL-22 have been functional characterization in different species of fish, the studies about distinct responses of IL-22 in different organs/tissues/cell types is rather limited. Here, we identified and cloned IL-22 gene (named as Ec-IL-22) from grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Ec-IL-22 gene was detected in all orangs/tissues examined, and was induced in intestine, gill, spleen, head kidney, and primary head kidney/intestine leukocytes following the stimulation of LPS and poly (I:C), as well as Vibrio harveyi and Singapore grouper iridovirus infection (SGIV). In addition, the stimulation of DSS could induce the expression of Ec-IL-22 in intestine and primary leukocytes from intestine. Importantly, the treatment of recombinant Ec-IL-22 induced the mRNA level of proinflammatory cytokines in primary intestine/head kidney leukocytes. The present results improve the understanding of expression patterns and functional characteristics of fish IL-22 in different organs/tissues/cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Guanjian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Jingyi Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Hongli Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Zhen Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
| | - Yishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, and Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, and Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
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2
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Arnhold V, Chang WY, Jansen SA, Thangavelu G, Calafiore M, Vinci P, Fu YY, Ito T, Takashima S, Egorova A, Kuttiyara J, Perlstein A, van Hoesel M, Liu C, Blazar BR, Lindemans CA, Hanash AM. Corticosteroids impair epithelial regeneration in immune-mediated intestinal damage. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e155880. [PMID: 38349762 PMCID: PMC10977993 DOI: 10.1172/jci155880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroid treatment (CST) failure is associated with poor outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). CST is intended to target the immune system, but the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is widely expressed, including within the intestines, where its effects are poorly understood. Here, we report that corticosteroids (CS) directly targeted intestinal epithelium, potentially worsening immune-mediated GI damage. CS administered to mice in vivo and intestinal organoid cultures ex vivo reduced epithelial proliferation. Following irradiation, immediate CST mitigated GI damage but delayed treatment attenuated regeneration and exacerbated damage. In a murine steroid-refractory (SR) GVHD model, CST impaired epithelial regeneration, worsened crypt loss, and reduced intestinal stem cell (ISC) frequencies. CST also exacerbated immune-mediated damage in organoid cultures with SR, GR-deficient T cells or IFN-γ. These findings correlated with CS-dependent changes in apoptosis-related gene expression and STAT3-related epithelial proliferation. Conversely, IL-22 administration enhanced STAT3 activity and overcame CS-mediated attenuation of regeneration, reducing crypt loss and promoting ISC expansion in steroid-treated mice with GVHD. Therefore, CST has the potential to exacerbate GI damage if it fails to control the damage-inducing immune response, but this risk may be countered by strategies augmenting epithelial regeneration, thus providing a rationale for clinical approaches combining such tissue-targeted therapies with immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Arnhold
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Winston Y. Chang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suze A. Jansen
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maximá Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Govindarajan Thangavelu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marco Calafiore
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paola Vinci
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ya-Yuan Fu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shuichiro Takashima
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Hematology, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Anastasiya Egorova
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason Kuttiyara
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Perlstein
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marliek van Hoesel
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maximá Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bruce R. Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caroline A. Lindemans
- Division of Pediatrics, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maximá Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alan M. Hanash
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Tang D, Qiu R, Qiu X, Sun M, Su M, Tao Z, Zhang L, Tao S. Dietary restriction rescues 5-fluorouracil-induced lethal intestinal toxicity in old mice by blocking translocation of opportunistic pathogens. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2355693. [PMID: 38780487 PMCID: PMC11123560 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2355693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains a major treatment for malignant tumors, yet the application of standard dose intensity chemotherapy is limited due to the side effects of cytotoxic drugs, especially in old populations. The underlying mechanisms of cytotoxicity and strategies to increase the safety and tolerance of chemotherapy remain to be explored. Using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a cornerstone chemotherapeutic drug, we demonstrate that the main cause of death in ad libitum (AL) fed mice after 5-FU chemotherapy was infection caused by translocation of intestinal opportunistic pathogens. We show that these opportunistic pathogens greatly increase in the intestine after chemotherapy, which was closely related to loss of intestinal lysozyme. Of note, two weeks of dietary restriction (DR) prior to chemotherapy significantly protected the loss of lysozyme and increased the content of the beneficial Lactobacillus genera, resulting in a substantial inhibition of intestinal opportunistic pathogens and their translocation. The rescue effect of DR could be mimicked by Lysozyme or Lactobacillus gavage. Our study provides the first evidence that DR achieved a comprehensive protection of the intestinal physical, biological and chemical barriers, which significantly improved the overall survival of 5-FU-treated mice. Importantly, the above findings were more prominent in old mice. Furthermore, we show that patients over 65 years old have enriched opportunistic pathogens in their gut microbiota, especially after 5-FU based chemotherapy. Our study reveals important mechanisms for the poor chemotherapy tolerance of the elderly population, which can be significantly improved by short-term DR. This study generates new insights into methods for improving the chemotherapeutic prognosis by increasing the chemotherapy tolerance and safety of patients with malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duozhuang Tang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rongrong Qiu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingxing Qiu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Man Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingyue Su
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhendong Tao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Medicine, Jiangxi Province Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Tao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Costa SO, Chaves WF, Lopes PKF, Silva IM, Burguer B, Ignácio-Souza LM, Torsoni AS, Milanski M, Rodrigues HG, Desai M, Ross MG, Torsoni MA. Maternal consumption of a high-fat diet modulates the inflammatory response in their offspring, mediated by the M1 muscarinic receptor. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1273556. [PMID: 38193079 PMCID: PMC10773672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is associated with various metabolic disorders and diseases. Both pre-pregnancy and maternal obesity can have long-term consequences on offspring health. Furthermore, consuming an HFD in adulthood significantly increases the risk of obesity and metabolic disorders. However, an intriguing phenomenon known as the obesity paradox suggests that obesity may confer a protective effect on mortality outcomes in sepsis. In sepsis, activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) can help mitigate systemic inflammation. We employed a metabolic programming model to explore the relationship between maternal HFD consumption and offspring response to sepsis. Methods We fed female mice either a standard diet (SC) or an HFD during the pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and lactation periods. Subsequently, we evaluated 28-day-old male offspring. Results Notably, we discovered that offspring from HFD-fed dams (HFD-O) exhibited a higher survival rate compared with offspring from SC-fed dams (SC-O). Importantly, inhibition of the m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (m1mAChR), involved in the CAP, in the hypothalamus abolished this protection. The expression of m1mAChR in the hypothalamus was higher in HFD-O at different ages, peaking on day 28. Treatment with an m1mAChR agonist could modulate the inflammatory response in peripheral tissues. Specifically, CAP activation was greater in the liver of HFD-O following agonist treatment. Interestingly, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge failed to induce a more inflammatory state in HFD-O, in contrast to SC-O, and agonist treatment had no additional effect. Analysis of spleen immune cells revealed a distinct phenotype in HFD-O, characterized by elevated levels of CD4+ lymphocytes rather than CD8+ lymphocytes. Moreover, basal Il17 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were lower while Il22 mRNA levels were higher in HFD-O, and we observed the same pattern after LPS challenge. Discussion Further examination of myeloid cells isolated from bone marrow and allowed to differentiate showed that HFD-O macrophages displayed an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Additionally, treatment with the m1mAChR agonist contributed to reducing inflammatory marker levels in both groups. In summary, our findings demonstrate that HFD-O are protected against LPS-induced sepsis, and this protection is mediated by the central m1mAChR. Moreover, the inflammatory response in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow-differentiated macrophages is diminished. However, more extensive analysis is necessary to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which m1mAChR modulates the immune response during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyma Oliveira Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Wenicios Ferreira Chaves
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | | | - Iracema M. Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Burguer
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Leticia M. Ignácio-Souza
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hosana Gomes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Mina Desai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Michael Glenn Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Marcio Alberto Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Bastian D, Sui X, Choi HJ, Wu Y, Tian L, Yang K, Liu C, Liu Y, Yu XZ. The Absence of IL-12Rβ2 Expression on Recipient Nonhematopoietic Cells Diminishes Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in the Gastrointestinal Tract. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:486-495. [PMID: 36548465 PMCID: PMC9938950 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a frequent target organ in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), which can determine the morbidity and nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Donor T cells recognize allogeneic Ags presented by host APCs, proliferate, and differentiate into Th1 and Th17 cells that drive GVHD pathogenesis. IL-12 has been shown to play an important role in amplifying the allogeneic response in preclinical and clinical studies. This study demonstrates that IL-12Rβ2 expression on recipient nonhematopoietic cells is required for optimal development of aGVHD in murine models of allo-HCT. aGVHD attenuation by genetic depletion of IL-12R signaling is associated with reduced MHC class II expression by intestinal epithelial cells and maintenance of intestinal integrity. We verified IL-12Rβ2 expression on activated T cells and in the GI tract. This study, to our knowledge, reveals a novel function of IL-12Rβ2 in GVHD pathogenesis and suggests that selectively targeting IL-12Rβ2 on host nonhematopoietic cells may preserve the GI tract after allo-HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bastian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xiaohui Sui
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hee-Jin Choi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yongxia Wu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Linlu Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kaipo Yang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- The Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Balakrishnan B, Kulkarni UP, Pai AA, Illangeswaran RSS, Mohanan E, Mathews V, George B, Balasubramanian P. Biomarkers for early complications post hematopoietic cell transplantation: Insights and challenges. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100306. [PMID: 36817455 PMCID: PMC9932777 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation is an established curative treatment option for various hematological malignant, and non-malignant diseases. However, the success of HCT is still limited by life-threatening early complications post-HCT, such as Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD), Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS), and transplant-associated microangiopathy, to name a few. A decade of research in the discovery and validation of novel blood-based biomarkers aims to manage these early complications by using them for diagnosis or prognosis. Advances in this field have also led to predictive biomarkers to identify patients' likelihood of response to therapy. Although biomarkers have been extensively evaluated for different complications, these are yet to be used in routine clinical practice. This review provides a detailed summary of various biomarkers for individual early complications post-HCT, their discovery, validation, ongoing clinical trials, and their limitations. Furthermore, this review also provides insights into the biology of biomarkers and the challenge of obtaining a universal cut-off value for biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Balakrishnan
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | | | - Aswin Anand Pai
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Vikram Mathews
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Biju George
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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Fujii S, Miura Y. Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Effects of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat Acute GVHD. Stem Cells 2022; 40:977-990. [PMID: 35930478 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of human mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has focused on exploring biological nanoparticles secreted from MSCs. There is emerging evidence that the immunomodulatory and regenerative effects of MSCs can be recapitulated by extracellular vesicles released from MSCs (MSC-EVs). Off-the-shelf allogeneic human MSC products are clinically available to treat acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but real-world data have revealed the limitations of these products as well as their feasibility, safety, and efficacy. MSC-EVs may have advantages over parental MSCs as drugs because of their distinguished biodistribution and importantly dose-dependent therapeutic effects. Recent research has shed light on the role of microRNAs in the mode-of-action of MSC-EVs. A group of specific microRNAs alone or in combination with membrane proteins, membrane lipids, and soluble factors present in MSC-EVs play key roles in the regulation of GVHD. In this concise review, we review the regulation of T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity and antigen-presenting cell-mediated innate immunity by MSC-EVs and the direct regenerative effects on damaged cells in association with the immunopathology of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumie Fujii
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuo Miura
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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Ma L, Yu J, Zhang H, Zhao B, Zhang J, Yang D, Luo F, Wang B, Jin B, Liu J. Effects of Immune Cells on Intestinal Stem Cells: Prospects for Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2296-2314. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Song Q, Nasri U, Zeng D. Steroid-Refractory Gut Graft-Versus-Host Disease: What We Have Learned From Basic Immunology and Experimental Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844271. [PMID: 35251043 PMCID: PMC8894323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal graft-versus-host disease (Gut-GVHD) is one of the major causes of mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). While systemic glucocorticoids (GCs) comprise the first-line treatment option, the response rate for GCs varies from 30% to 50%. The prognosis for patients with steroid-refractory acute Gut-GVHD (SR-Gut-aGVHD) remains dismal. The mechanisms underlying steroid resistance are unclear, and apart from ruxolitinib, there are no approved treatments for SR-Gut-aGVHD. In this review, we provide an overview of the current biological understanding of experimental SR-Gut-aGVHD pathogenesis, the advanced technology that can be applied to the human SR-Gut-aGVHD studies, and the potential novel therapeutic options for patients with SR-Gut-aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiao Song
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
- Fujian Medical University Center of Translational Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, and Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingxiao Song,
| | - Ubaydah Nasri
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Defu Zeng
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
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10
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Newell LF, Holtan SG. Acute GVHD: think before you treat. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2021; 2021:642-647. [PMID: 34889409 PMCID: PMC8791180 DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2021000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) has become more nuanced in recent years with the development of improved risk classification systems and a better understanding of its complex, multisystem pathophysiology. We review contemporary approaches to the risk stratification and initial treatment of aGVHD, including ongoing clinical trials. We summarize the findings that led to the first US Food and Drug Administration approval for steroid-refractory aGVHD (SR-aGVHD), ruxolitinib, as well as some of the challenges clinicians still face in treating SR-aGVHD. Finally, we discuss the evaluation and management of steroid-dependent aGVHD, which affects approximately one-third of patients who have long-term, waxing and waning symptoms distinct from chronic GVHD. Future clinical trials for aGVHD treatment may identify steroid-sparing approaches for patients who have a high likelihood of response and approaches to improve tissue repair and dysbiosis for those unlikely to respond to immunosuppression alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura F Newell
- Knight Cancer Institute, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Shernan G Holtan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Pan P, Atkinson SN, Taylor B, Zhu H, Zhou D, Flejsierowicz P, Wang LS, Morse M, Liu C, Gunsolus IL, Chen X. Retinoic Acid Signaling Modulates Recipient Gut Barrier Integrity and Microbiota After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:749002. [PMID: 34759928 PMCID: PMC8573259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.749002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). An impaired intestinal epithelial barrier is an important component of GVHD pathogenesis. However, contributing host factors that modulate mucosal barrier integrity during GVHD are poorly defined. We hypothesized that vitamin A and retinoic acid (RA) exert positive impacts on maintaining intestinal barrier function after HSCT, thus preventing or dampening GVHD severity. Unexpectedly, we found that exogenous RA increased intestinal permeability of recipient mice after allogeneic HSCT. Serum bacterial endotoxin levels were significantly higher in GVHD mice fed a vitamin A-high (VAH) diet compared to those fed a vitamin A-normal (VAN) diet, indicating a more compromised intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, VAH mice showed more severe lung GVHD with increased donor T cell infiltration in this tissue and died significantly faster than VAN recipients. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples revealed significant differences in the diversity and composition of gut microbiota between VAN and VAH transplant recipients. Collectively, we show that retinoic acid signaling may negatively impact intestinal barrier function during GVHD. Mild vitamin A supplementation is associated with increased lung GVHD and more profound gut dysbiosis. Micronutrients such as vitamin A could modulate complications of allogeneic HSCT, which may be mediated by shaping gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Pan
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Samantha N. Atkinson
- Center for Microbiome Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Brian Taylor
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Haojie Zhu
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Dian Zhou
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Philip Flejsierowicz
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Li-Shu Wang
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Matthew Morse
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ian L. Gunsolus
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Xiao Chen
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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12
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Ara T, Hashimoto D. Novel Insights Into the Mechanism of GVHD-Induced Tissue Damage. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713631. [PMID: 34512636 PMCID: PMC8429834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prophylaxis for and treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are essential for successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) and mainly consist of immunosuppressants such as calcineurin inhibitors. However, profound immunosuppression can lead to tumor relapse and infectious complications, which emphasizes the necessity of developing novel management strategies for GVHD. Emerging evidence has revealed that tissue-specific mechanisms maintaining tissue homeostasis and promoting tissue tolerance to combat GVHD are damaged after allo-SCT, resulting in exacerbation and treatment refractoriness of GVHD. In the gastrointestinal tract, epithelial regeneration derived from intestinal stem cells (ISCs), a microenvironment that maintains healthy gut microbiota, and physical and chemical mucosal barrier functions against pathogens are damaged by conditioning regimens and/or GVHD. The administration of growth factors for cells that maintain intestinal homeostasis, such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) for ISCs, R-spondin 1 (R-Spo1) for ISCs and Paneth cells, and interleukin-25 (IL-25) for goblet cells, mitigates murine GVHD. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of GVHD-induced tissue damage and emerging strategies for the management of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Ara
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daigo Hashimoto
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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13
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Graft-versus-host disease: a disorder of tissue regeneration and repair. Blood 2021; 138:1657-1665. [PMID: 34370823 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative failure at barrier surfaces and maladaptive repair leading to fibrosis are hallmarks of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Although immunosuppressive treatment can control inflammation, impaired tissue homeostasis leads to prolonged organ damage and impaired quality of life. In this Spotlight article, we review recent research that addresses the critical failures in tissue regeneration and repair that underpin treatment-resistant GVHD. We highlight current interventions designed to overcome these defects and provide our assessment of the future therapeutic landscape.
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Khuat LT, Dave M, Murphy WJ. The emerging roles of the gut microbiome in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1966262. [PMID: 34455917 PMCID: PMC8436969 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1966262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is used for the treatment of hematologic cancers and disorders. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in which the donor immune cells attack the genetically-disparate recipient is a significant cause of morbidity. Acute GVHD is an inflammatory condition and the gastrointestinal system is a major organ affected but is also tied to beneficial graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effects. There is increasing interest on the role of the microbiome on immune function as well as on cancer progression and immunotherapy outcomes. However, there are still significant unanswered questions on the role the microbiome plays in GVHD progression or how to exploit the microbiome in GVHD prevention or treatment. In this review, concepts of HSCT with the focus on GVHD pathogenesis as well as issues in preclinical models used to study GVHD will be discussed with an emphasis on the impact of the microbiome. Factors affecting the microbiome and GVHD outcome such as obesity are also examined. The bridging of preclinical models and clinical outcomes in relation to the role of the microbiome will also be discussed along with possibilities for therapeutic exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam T. Khuat
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maneesh Dave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - William J. Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USAs
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