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Kulkarni AM, Gayam PKR, Aranjani JM. Advances in Understanding and Management of Erdheim-Chester Disease. Life Sci 2024; 348:122692. [PMID: 38710283 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Erdheim Chester Disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytic disorder marked by infiltration of organs with CD68+ histiocytes. ECD stems from mutations of BRAF and MAP2K1 in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which further differentiate into monocytes and histiocytes. Histopathology reveals lipid-containing histiocytes, which test positive for CD68 and CD133 in immunohistochemistry. Signs and symptoms vary and depend on the organ/s of manifestation. Definitive radiological results associated with ECD include hairy kidney, coated aorta, and cardiac pseudotumor. Treatment options primarily include anti-cytokine therapy and inhibitors of BRAF and MEK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Murahar Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Reddy Gayam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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2
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Suryadevara V, Hudgins AD, Rajesh A, Pappalardo A, Karpova A, Dey AK, Hertzel A, Agudelo A, Rocha A, Soygur B, Schilling B, Carver CM, Aguayo-Mazzucato C, Baker DJ, Bernlohr DA, Jurk D, Mangarova DB, Quardokus EM, Enninga EAL, Schmidt EL, Chen F, Duncan FE, Cambuli F, Kaur G, Kuchel GA, Lee G, Daldrup-Link HE, Martini H, Phatnani H, Al-Naggar IM, Rahman I, Nie J, Passos JF, Silverstein JC, Campisi J, Wang J, Iwasaki K, Barbosa K, Metis K, Nernekli K, Niedernhofer LJ, Ding L, Wang L, Adams LC, Ruiyang L, Doolittle ML, Teneche MG, Schafer MJ, Xu M, Hajipour M, Boroumand M, Basisty N, Sloan N, Slavov N, Kuksenko O, Robson P, Gomez PT, Vasilikos P, Adams PD, Carapeto P, Zhu Q, Ramasamy R, Perez-Lorenzo R, Fan R, Dong R, Montgomery RR, Shaikh S, Vickovic S, Yin S, Kang S, Suvakov S, Khosla S, Garovic VD, Menon V, Xu Y, Song Y, Suh Y, Dou Z, Neretti N. SenNet recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00738-8. [PMID: 38831121 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Once considered a tissue culture-specific phenomenon, cellular senescence has now been linked to various biological processes with both beneficial and detrimental roles in humans, rodents and other species. Much of our understanding of senescent cell biology still originates from tissue culture studies, where each cell in the culture is driven to an irreversible cell cycle arrest. By contrast, in tissues, these cells are relatively rare and difficult to characterize, and it is now established that fully differentiated, postmitotic cells can also acquire a senescence phenotype. The SenNet Biomarkers Working Group was formed to provide recommendations for the use of cellular senescence markers to identify and characterize senescent cells in tissues. Here, we provide recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues based on a comprehensive analysis of existing literature reporting senescence markers in 14 tissues in mice and humans. We discuss some of the recent advances in detecting and characterizing cellular senescence, including molecular senescence signatures and morphological features, and the use of circulating markers. We aim for this work to be a valuable resource for both seasoned investigators in senescence-related studies and newcomers to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyani Suryadevara
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam D Hudgins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adarsh Rajesh
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Alla Karpova
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amit K Dey
- National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ann Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anthony Agudelo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Azucena Rocha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bikem Soygur
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Chase M Carver
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Darren J Baker
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Diana Jurk
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dilyana B Mangarova
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ellen M Quardokus
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth L Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Francesca E Duncan
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Gung Lee
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Heike E Daldrup-Link
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Helene Martini
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iman M Al-Naggar
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jia Nie
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - João F Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan C Silverstein
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Julia Wang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kanako Iwasaki
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Karina Barbosa
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kay Metis
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kerem Nernekli
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lichao Wang
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa C Adams
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liu Ruiyang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Madison L Doolittle
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marcos G Teneche
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marissa J Schafer
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mohammadjavad Hajipour
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas Sloan
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolai Slavov
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Barnett Institute for Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olena Kuksenko
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Paul T Gomez
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Periklis Vasilikos
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Priscila Carapeto
- Islet Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Quan Zhu
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Rong Fan
- Yale-Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Runze Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological Physics, Structure and Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ruth R Montgomery
- Yale-Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sadiya Shaikh
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sanja Vickovic
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer Laboratory for Gene and Neuro Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Cancer Genome and Epigenetics Program, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shoukai Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonja Suvakov
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vesna D Garovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanxin Xu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yizhe Song
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhixun Dou
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Neretti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
- Center on the Biology of Aging, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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3
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Huang GH, Liu GL, Huang DZ, Diao XW, Lv SQ. Single-cell analysis of a progressive Rosai-Dorfman disease affecting the cerebral parenchyma: a case report. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:78. [PMID: 38769536 PMCID: PMC11103976 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurologic Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare type of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that affects the central nervous system. Most neurologic RDDs grow like meningiomas, have clear boundaries, and can be completely resected. However, a few RDDs are invasive and aggressive, and no effective treatment options are available because the molecular mechanisms involved remain unknown. Here, we report a case of deadly and glucocorticoid-resistant neurologic RDD and explore its possible pathogenic mechanisms via single-cell RNA sequencing. First, we identified two distinct but evolutionarily related histiocyte subpopulations (the C1Q+ and SPP1+ histiocytes) that accumulated in the biopsy sample. The expression of genes in the KRAS signaling pathway was upregulated, indicating gain-of-function of KRAS mutations. The C1Q+ and SPP1+ histiocytes were highly differentiated and arrested in the G1 phase, excluding the idea that RDD is a lympho-histio-proliferative disorder. Second, although C1Q+ histiocytes were the primary RDD cell type, SPP1+ histiocytes highly expressed several severe inflammation-related and invasive factors, such as WNT5A, IL-6, and MMP12, suggesting that SPP1+ histiocytes plays a central role in driving the progression of this disease. Third, oligodendrocytes were found to be the prominent cell type that initiates RDD via MIF and may resist glucocorticoid treatment via the MDK and PTN signaling pathways. In summary, in this case, we report a rare presentation of neurologic RDD and provided new insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of progressive neurologic RDD. This study will also offer evidence for developing precision therapies targeting this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Guo-Long Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - De-Zhi Huang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xin-Wei Diao
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Sheng-Qing Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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4
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Swanton C, Bernard E, Abbosh C, André F, Auwerx J, Balmain A, Bar-Sagi D, Bernards R, Bullman S, DeGregori J, Elliott C, Erez A, Evan G, Febbraio MA, Hidalgo A, Jamal-Hanjani M, Joyce JA, Kaiser M, Lamia K, Locasale JW, Loi S, Malanchi I, Merad M, Musgrave K, Patel KJ, Quezada S, Wargo JA, Weeraratna A, White E, Winkler F, Wood JN, Vousden KH, Hanahan D. Embracing cancer complexity: Hallmarks of systemic disease. Cell 2024; 187:1589-1616. [PMID: 38552609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The last 50 years have witnessed extraordinary developments in understanding mechanisms of carcinogenesis, synthesized as the hallmarks of cancer. Despite this logical framework, our understanding of the molecular basis of systemic manifestations and the underlying causes of cancer-related death remains incomplete. Looking forward, elucidating how tumors interact with distant organs and how multifaceted environmental and physiological parameters impinge on tumors and their hosts will be crucial for advances in preventing and more effectively treating human cancers. In this perspective, we discuss complexities of cancer as a systemic disease, including tumor initiation and promotion, tumor micro- and immune macro-environments, aging, metabolism and obesity, cancer cachexia, circadian rhythms, nervous system interactions, tumor-related thrombosis, and the microbiome. Model systems incorporating human genetic variation will be essential to decipher the mechanistic basis of these phenomena and unravel gene-environment interactions, providing a modern synthesis of molecular oncology that is primed to prevent cancers and improve patient quality of life and cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Swanton
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
| | - Elsa Bernard
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Fabrice André
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Paris Saclay University, Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Allan Balmain
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gerard Evan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Area of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Katja Lamia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Sir Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Miriam Merad
- Department of immunology and immunotherapy, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Musgrave
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; Department of Haematology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ketan J Patel
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sergio Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashani Weeraratna
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eileen White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Ludwig Princeton Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, WIBR, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Douglas Hanahan
- Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland; Agora Translational Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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Zhao XC, Ju B, Xiu NN, Sun XY, Meng FJ. When inflammatory stressors dramatically change, disease phenotypes may transform between autoimmune hematopoietic failure and myeloid neoplasms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339971. [PMID: 38426096 PMCID: PMC10902444 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) and hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome are paradigms of autoimmune hematopoietic failure (AHF). Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia are unequivocal myeloid neoplasms (MNs). Currently, AA is also known to be a clonal hematological disease. Genetic aberrations typically observed in MNs are detected in approximately one-third of AA patients. In AA patients harboring MN-related genetic aberrations, a poor response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and an increased risk of transformation to MNs occurring either naturally or after IST are predicted. Approximately 10%-15% of patients with severe AA transform the disease phenotype to MNs following IST, and in some patients, leukemic transformation emerges during or shortly after IST. Phenotypic transformations between AHF and MNs can occur reciprocally. A fraction of advanced MN patients experience an aplastic crisis during which leukemic blasts are repressed. The switch that shapes the disease phenotype is a change in the strength of extramedullary inflammation. Both AHF and MNs have an immune-active bone marrow (BM) environment (BME). In AHF patients, an inflamed BME can be evoked by infiltrated immune cells targeting neoplastic molecules, which contributes to the BM-specific autoimmune impairment. Autoimmune responses in AHF may represent an antileukemic mechanism, and inflammatory stressors strengthen antileukemic immunity, at least in a significant proportion of patients who have MN-related genetic aberrations. During active inflammatory episodes, normal and leukemic hematopoieses are suppressed, which leads to the occurrence of aplastic cytopenia and leukemic cell regression. The successful treatment of underlying infections mitigates inflammatory stress-related antileukemic activities and promotes the penetration of leukemic hematopoiesis. The effect of IST is similar to that of treating underlying infections. Investigating inflammatory stress-powered antileukemic immunity is highly important in theoretical studies and clinical practice, especially given the wide application of immune-activating agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of hematological neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Chen Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Ju
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Nuan-Nuan Xiu
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fan-Jun Meng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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6
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Sconocchia T, Foßelteder J, Auinger L, Özkaya E, Benezeder T, Lang M, Beham-Schmid C, Hoefler G, Zebisch A, Wölfler A, Sill H, Wolf P, Strobl H, Reinisch A. BRAF V600E promotes DC3/monocyte differentiation in human gene-engineered HSPCs and causes multisystem histiocytosis. Leukemia 2023; 37:2292-2296. [PMID: 37673974 PMCID: PMC10624620 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Sconocchia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Foßelteder
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Auinger
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Erdem Özkaya
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Theresa Benezeder
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Magdalena Lang
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Division of Immunology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Reinisch
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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7
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Sconocchia T, Foßelteder J, Sconocchia G, Reinisch A. Langerhans cell histiocytosis: current advances in molecular pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275085. [PMID: 37965340 PMCID: PMC10642229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare and clinically heterogeneous hematological disease characterized by the accumulation of mononuclear phagocytes in various tissues and organs. LCH is often characterized by activating mutations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway with BRAFV600E being the most recurrent mutation. Although this discovery has greatly helped in understanding the disease and in developing better investigational tools, the process of malignant transformation and the cell of origin are still not fully understood. In this review, we focus on the newest updates regarding the molecular pathogenesis of LCH and novel suggested pathways with treatment potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Sconocchia
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Foßelteder
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Sconocchia
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Andreas Reinisch
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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8
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Liu G, Bu C, Guo G, Zhang Z, Sheng Z, Deng K, Wu S, Xu S, Bu Y, Gao Y, Wang M, Liu G, Kong L, Li T, Li M, Bu X. Molecular and clonal evolution in vivo reveal a common pathway of distant relapse gliomas. iScience 2023; 26:107528. [PMID: 37649695 PMCID: PMC10462858 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary trajectories of genomic alterations underlying distant recurrence in glioma remain largely unknown. To elucidate glioma evolution, we analyzed the evolutionary trajectories of matched pairs of primary tumors and relapse tumors or tumor in situ fluid (TISF) based on deep whole-genome sequencing data (ctDNA). We found that MMR gene mutations occurred in the late stage in IDH-mutant glioma during gene evolution, which activates multiple signaling pathways and significantly increases distant recurrence potential. The proneural subtype characterized by PDGFRA amplification was likely prone to hypermutation and distant recurrence following treatment. The classical and mesenchymal subtypes tended to progress locally through subclonal reconstruction, trunk genes transformation, and convergence evolution. EGFR and NOTCH signaling pathways and CDNK2A mutation play an important role in promoting tumor local progression. Glioma subtypes displayed distinct preferred evolutionary patterns. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05512325.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Chaojie Bu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guangzhong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhiyue Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhiyuan Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Kaiyuan Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Sensen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yage Bu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yushuai Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Center for Clinical Single Cell Biomedicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lingfei Kong
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Tianxiao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xingyao Bu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Juha International Central Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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9
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Wen J, Creaven D, Luan X, Wang J. Comparison of immunotherapy mediated by apoptotic bodies, microvesicles and exosomes: apoptotic bodies' unique anti-inflammatory potential. J Transl Med 2023; 21:478. [PMID: 37461033 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, including immunostimulation and immunosuppression, has seen significant development in the last 10 years. Immunostimulation has been verified as effective in anti-cancer treatment, while immunosuppression is used in the treatment of autoimmune disease and inflammation. Currently, with the update of newly-invented simplified isolation methods and the findings of potent triggered immune responses, extracellular vesicle-based immunotherapy is very eye-catching. However, the research on three main types of extracellular vesicles, exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, needs to be more balanced. These three subtypes share a certain level of similarity, and at the same time, they have their own properties caused by the different methods of biogensis. Herein, we summarized respectively the status of immunotherapy based on each kind of vesicle and discuss the possible involved mechanisms. In conclusion, we highlighted that the effect of the apoptotic body is clear and strong. Apoptotic bodies have an excellent potential in immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory therapies .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Dale Creaven
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Xiangshu Luan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiemin Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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10
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Sun XY, Yang XD, Xu J, Xiu NN, Ju B, Zhao XC. Tuberculosis-induced aplastic crisis and atypical lymphocyte expansion in advanced myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4713-4722. [PMID: 37469724 PMCID: PMC10353497 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i19.4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is caused by malignant proliferation and ineffective hematopoiesis. Oncogenic somatic mutations and increased apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis lead to the accumulation of earlier hematopoietic progenitors and impaired productivity of mature blood cells. An increased percentage of myeloblasts and the presence of unfavorable somatic mutations are signs of leukemic hematopoiesis and indicators of entrance into an advanced stage. Bone marrow cellularity and myeloblasts usually increase with disease progression. However, aplastic crisis occasionally occurs in advanced MDS.
CASE SUMMARY A 72-year-old male patient was definitively diagnosed with MDS with excess blasts-1 (MDS-EB-1) based on an increase in the percentages of myeloblasts and cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ hematopoietic progenitors and the identification of myeloid neoplasm-associated somatic mutations in bone marrow samples. The patient was treated with hypomethylation therapy and was able to maintain a steady disease state for 2 years. In the treatment process, the advanced MDS patient experienced an episode of progressive pancytopenia and bone marrow aplasia. During the aplastic crisis, the bone marrow was infiltrated with sparsely distributed atypical lymphocytes. Surprisingly, the leukemic cells disappeared. Immunological analysis revealed that the atypical lymphocytes expressed a high frequency of CD3, CD5, CD8, CD16, CD56 and CD57, suggesting the activation of autoimmune cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK)/NKT cells that suppressed both normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. Elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), confirmed the deranged type I immune responses. This morphological and immunological signature led to the diagnosis of severe aplastic anemia secondary to large granule lymphocyte leukemia. Disseminated tuberculosis was suspected upon radiological examinations in the search for an inflammatory niche. Antituberculosis treatment led to reversion of the aplastic crisis, disappearance of the atypical lymphocytes, increased marrow cellularity and 2 mo of hematological remission, providing strong evidence that disseminated tuberculosis was responsible for the development of the aplastic crisis, the regression of leukemic cells and the activation of CD56+ atypical lymphocytes. Reinstitution of hypomethylation therapy in the following 19 mo allowed the patient to maintain a steady disease state. However, the patient transformed the disease phenotype into acute myeloid leukemia and eventually died of disease progression and an overwhelming infectious episode.
CONCLUSION Disseminated tuberculosis can induce CD56+ lymphocyte infiltration in the bone marrow and in turn suppress both normal and leukemic hematopoiesis, resulting in the development of aplastic crisis and leukemic cell regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Sun
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nuan-Nuan Xiu
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bo Ju
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi-Chen Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
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11
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Yang F, Nourse C, Helgason GV, Kirschner K. Unraveling Heterogeneity in the Aging Hematopoietic Stem Cell Compartment: An Insight From Single-cell Approaches. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e895. [PMID: 37304939 PMCID: PMC10256339 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific cell types and, therefore, organs respond differently during aging. This is also true for the hematopoietic system, where it has been demonstrated that hematopoietic stem cells alter a variety of features, such as their metabolism, and accumulate DNA damage, which can lead to clonal outgrowth over time. In addition, profound changes in the bone marrow microenvironment upon aging lead to senescence in certain cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells and result in increased inflammation. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to pinpoint the molecular drivers of organismal aging gained from bulk approaches, such as RNA sequencing. A better understanding of the heterogeneity underlying the aging process in the hematopoietic compartment is, therefore, needed. With the advances of single-cell technologies in recent years, it is now possible to address fundamental questions of aging. In this review, we discuss how single-cell approaches can and indeed are already being used to understand changes observed during aging in the hematopoietic compartment. We will touch on established and novel methods for flow cytometric detection, single-cell culture approaches, and single-cell omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Nourse
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - G. Vignir Helgason
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina Kirschner
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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12
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Lai J, Li Y, Ran M, Huang Q, Huang F, Zhu L, Wu Y, Zou W, Xie X, Tang Y, Yang F, Wu A, Ge G, Wu J. Xanthotoxin, a novel inducer of platelet formation, promotes thrombocytopoiesis via IL-1R1 and MEK/ERK signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114811. [PMID: 37156117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombocytopenia is a common hematological disease caused by many factors. It usually complicates critical diseases and increases morbidity and mortality. The treatment of thrombocytopenia remains a great challenge in clinical practice, however, its treatment options are limited. In this study, the active monomer xanthotoxin (XAT) was screened out to explore its medicinal value and provide novel therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of thrombocytopenia. METHODS The effects of XAT on megakaryocyte differentiation and maturation were detected by flow cytometry, Giemsa and phalloidin staining. RNA-seq identified differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways. The signaling pathway and transcription factors were verified through WB and immunofluorescence staining. Tg (cd41: eGFP) transgenic zebrafish and mice with thrombocytopenia were used to evaluate the biological activity of XAT on platelet formation and the related hematopoietic organ index in vivo. RESULTS XAT promoted the differentiation and maturation of Meg-01 cells in vitro. Meanwhile, XAT could stimulate platelet formation in transgenic zebrafish and recover platelet production and function in irradiation-induced thrombocytopenia mice. Further RNA-seq prediction and WB verification revealed that XAT activates the IL-1R1 target and MEK/ERK signaling pathway, and upregulates the expression of transcription factors related to the hematopoietic lineage to promote megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet formation. CONCLUSION XAT accelerates megakaryocyte differentiation and maturation to promote platelet production and recovery through triggering IL-1R1 and activating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, providing a new pharmacotherapy strategy for thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mei Ran
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Linjie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuesong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiang Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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13
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Ferrari S, Valeri E, Conti A, Scala S, Aprile A, Di Micco R, Kajaste-Rudnitski A, Montini E, Ferrari G, Aiuti A, Naldini L. Genetic engineering meets hematopoietic stem cell biology for next-generation gene therapy. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:549-570. [PMID: 37146580 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing clinical success of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) gene therapy (GT) relies on the development of viral vectors as portable "Trojan horses" for safe and efficient gene transfer. The recent advent of novel technologies enabling site-specific gene editing is broadening the scope and means of GT, paving the way to more precise genetic engineering and expanding the spectrum of diseases amenable to HSPC-GT. Here, we provide an overview of state-of-the-art and prospective developments of the HSPC-GT field, highlighting how advances in biological characterization and manipulation of HSPCs will enable the design of the next generation of these transforming therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Erika Valeri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Anastasia Conti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Annamaria Aprile
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Anna Kajaste-Rudnitski
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Eugenio Montini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.
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14
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Sakamoto K, Morimoto A, Shioda Y, Imamura T, Imashuku S. Relapses of multisystem/multifocal bone Langerhans cell histiocytosis in paediatric patients: Data analysis from the JLSG-96/02 study. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:769-775. [PMID: 36511451 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We assessed relapse patterns in paediatric patients with relapsed Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) who were initially treated with the JLSG-96/02 protocol. We analysed 187 relapse events in 101 relapsed LCH patients [31 with multifocal bone (MFB) and 70 with multisystem (MS) at LCH diagnosis] among a total 317 patients enrolled in JLSG-96/-02 studies. Relapse of LCH was defined as an exacerbation of the non-active disease (NAD) condition. Of the 317 patients, 101 (31.9%) had the first relapse at 1.5 years after initiation of therapy. The first relapse and subsequent relapses did not differ between patients with MFB and MS disease. Of the 187 relapse events, relapse occurred as a single-system disease (n = 159; 85%), in which isolated bone relapse (n = 104; 55%) was the most common. Relapse at MS disease with the risk of organ involvement is extremely rare. After relapse(s), most patients underwent chemotherapy (122/187; 65%) and 87% of them achieved NAD status again. The incidence of permanent consequences was significantly higher in patients with relapses than in those without relapses. In the JLSG cohort, bone relapse most occurred in both MFB and MS patients. Most relapses could be effectively controlled by repeated administration of the initial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.,Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Morimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoko Shioda
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Imashuku
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
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15
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Liu J, Lin X, McDavid A, Yang Y, Zhang H, Boyce BF, Xing L. Molecular signatures distinguish senescent cells from inflammatory cells in aged mouse callus stromal cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1090049. [PMID: 36875448 PMCID: PMC9981154 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1090049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence plays important roles in age-related diseases, including musculoskeletal disorders. Senescent cells (SCs) exert a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) by producing SASP factors, some of which overlap with factors produced by inflammatory cells (Inf-Cs). However, the differences between SCs and Inf-Cs and how they interact with each other during fracture repair have not been well studied. Here, we analyzed single cell RNA sequencing data of aged mouse fracture callus stromal cells. We defined Inf-Cs as cells that express NF-κB Rela/Relb, SCs as cells that express the senescence genes, Cdkn1a, Cdkn2a or Cdkn2c, and inflammatory SCs (Inf-SCs) as cells that express both NF-κB and senescence genes. Differentially expressed genes and pathway analyses revealed that Inf-SCs and SCs had a similar gene expression profile and upregulated pathways that are related to DNA damage/oxidation-reduction and cellular senescence, while Inf-Cs expressed different gene signatures and pathways from SCs and Inf-SCs, mainly related to inflammation. Cellchat software analysis indicated that SCs and Inf-SCs are potential ligand-producing cells that affect Inf-Cs as target cells. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that SC conditioned medium promoted inflammatory gene expression by callus-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells, and Inf-Cs had reduced osteoblast differentiation capacity. In summary, we have identified three cell subclusters associated with inflammation and senescence in callus stromal cells, predicted potential effects of Inf-SCs and SCs on Inf-Cs by production of active ligands, and demonstrated that when mesenchymal progenitors acquire inflammatory phenotypes their osteogenic potential is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Andrew McDavid
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Yutiancheng Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Brendan F. Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
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16
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Junaid M, Lee A, Kim J, Park TJ, Lim SB. Transcriptional Heterogeneity of Cellular Senescence in Cancer. Mol Cells 2022; 45:610-619. [PMID: 35983702 PMCID: PMC9448649 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence plays a paradoxical role in tumorigenesis through the expression of diverse senescence-associated (SA) secretory phenotypes (SASPs). The heterogeneity of SA gene expression in cancer cells not only promotes cancer stemness but also protects these cells from chemotherapy. Despite the potential correlation between cancer and SA biomarkers, many transcriptional changes across distinct cell populations remain largely unknown. During the past decade, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have emerged as powerful experimental and analytical tools to dissect such diverse senescence-derived transcriptional changes. Here, we review the recent sequencing efforts that successfully characterized scRNA-seq data obtained from diverse cancer cells and elucidated the role of senescent cells in tumor malignancy. We further highlight the functional implications of SA genes expressed specifically in cancer and stromal cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. Translational research leveraging scRNA-seq profiling of SA genes will facilitate the identification of novel expression patterns underlying cancer susceptibility, providing new therapeutic opportunities in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Aejin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Jaehyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Tae Jun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Su Bin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School, Suwon 16499, Korea
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Fujino T, Asada S, Goyama S, Kitamura T. Mechanisms involved in hematopoietic stem cell aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:473. [PMID: 35941268 PMCID: PMC11072869 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo progressive functional decline over time due to both internal and external stressors, leading to aging of the hematopoietic system. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying HSC aging will be valuable in developing novel therapies for HSC rejuvenation and to prevent the onset of several age-associated diseases and hematological malignancies. This review considers the general causes of HSC aging that range from cell-intrinsic factors to cell-extrinsic factors. In particular, epigenetics and inflammation have been implicated in the linkage of HSC aging, clonality, and oncogenesis. The challenges in clarifying mechanisms of HSC aging have accelerated the development of therapeutic interventions to rejuvenate HSCs, the major goal of aging research; these details are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fujino
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shuhei Asada
- The Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 1628666, Japan
| | - Susumu Goyama
- Division of Molecular Oncology Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1088639, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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Dai JW, He TH, Duan MH, Li Y, Cao XX. Pancreatic involvement in Erdheim-Chester disease: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:302. [PMID: 35729495 PMCID: PMC9210604 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by infiltration of lipid-laden foamy macrophages within different tissues. Clinical manifestations of ECD are highly heterogeneous. Bone lesions are found in 80%-95% of patients, while extraosseous lesions usually involve the cardiovascular system, retroperitoneum, central nervous system (CNS), and skin. Pancreatic involvement in ECD has barely been reported. Case presentation A 29-year-old female initially presented with menoxenia, diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) revealed hypermetabolic foci in the bilateral frontal lobe, saddle area, and pancreas. A 99mTc-MDP bone scrintigraphy scan revealed symmetrical increased uptake in distal femoral and proximal tibial metaphysis, which was confirmed to be osteosclerosis by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The patient underwent incomplete resection of the sellar mass. Histological examination of biopsies showed histiocytic aggregates, which were positive for S100 and negative for CD1a and CD207 on immunohistochemistry. Enhanced abdominal CT scan showed hypointense nodules within the body and tail of the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasonography guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) found no evidence of malignancy. She was diagnosed with ECD and treated with high-dose IFN-α. Repeated examinations at three-and eight-months post treatment revealed markedly reduction of both intracranial and pancreatic lesions. Conclusions ECD is a rare histiocytic neoplasm that can involve almost every organ, whereas pancreatic involvement has barely been reported to date. Here, we present the rare case of pancreatic lesions in ECD that responded well to interferon-α. We further reviewed reports of pancreatic involvement in histiocytic disorders and concluded the characteristics of such lesions to help diagnosis and treatment, in which these lesions mimicked pancreatic adenocarcinoma and caused unnecessary invasive surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Dai
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Hua He
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Hui Duan
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Xin Cao
- Department of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Frisch SM. Interleukin-1α: Novel functions in cell senescence and antiviral response. Cytokine 2022; 154:155875. [PMID: 35447531 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The interleukin-1 proteins are a hub of innate inflammatory signaling that activates diverse aspects of adaptive immunity. Until recently, the IL-1α isoform was relatively incompletely understood compared with IL-1β. This review briefly summarizes novel and surprising aspects of IL-1α biology. IL-1α localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, cell membrane or extracellular space in various contexts, with corresponding distinct functions. In particular, we focus on multiple pathways by which IL-1α promotes the senescent cell phenotype, unexpectedly involving signaling molecules including mTOR, GATA4, mitochondrial cardiolipin and caspases-4/5. Finally, I review a novel pathway by which IL-1α promotes antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Frisch
- Department of Biochemistry and WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States.
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Oscier D, Stamatopoulos K, Mirandari A, Strefford J. The Genomics of Hairy Cell Leukaemia and Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:697. [PMID: 35158965 PMCID: PMC8833447 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical hairy cell leukaemia (HCLc), its variant form (HCLv), and splenic diffuse red pulp lymphoma (SDRPL) constitute a subset of relatively indolent B cell tumours, with low incidence rates of high-grade transformations, which primarily involve the spleen and bone marrow and are usually associated with circulating tumour cells characterised by villous or irregular cytoplasmic borders. The primary aim of this review is to summarise their cytogenetic, genomic, immunogenetic, and epigenetic features, with a particular focus on the clonal BRAFV600E mutation, present in most cases currently diagnosed with HCLc. We then reflect on their cell of origin and pathogenesis as well as present the clinical implications of improved biological understanding, extending from diagnosis to prognosis assessment and therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oscier
- Department of Haematology, Royal Bournemouth and Christchurch NHS Trust, Bournemouth BH7 7DW, UK
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Amatta Mirandari
- Cancer Genomics Group, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (A.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Jonathan Strefford
- Cancer Genomics Group, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; (A.M.); (J.S.)
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Doglioni C. Rosai-Dorfman disease. A legacy of Professor Rosai that is still not exploited completely. Pathologica 2021; 113:388-395. [PMID: 34837097 PMCID: PMC8720407 DOI: 10.32074/1591-951x-548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis described by Rosai and Dorfman in 1969. It is a fascinating disease characterized by accumulation of large, pale histiocytes, frequently showing the emperipolesis phenomenon. The variety of pathological aspects and the spectrum of different clinical forms were deeply investigated by Prof. Rosai. Despite recent advancements in the dissection of pathogenetic mechanisms of RDD, with the identification of gene mutations in the MAP kinase pathway, several biological and clinical aspects of this disease remains to be elucidated: this is one of the Prof. Rosai's legacies.
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