1
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Consiglieri G, Tucci F, De Pellegrin M, Guerrini B, Cattoni A, Risca G, Scarparo S, Sarzana M, Pontesilli S, Mellone R, Gasperini S, Galimberti S, Silvani P, Filisetti C, Darin S, Forni G, Miglietta S, Santi L, Facchini M, Corti A, Fumagalli F, Cicalese MP, Calbi V, Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Ferrua F, Gallo V, Recupero S, Canarutto D, Doglio M, Tedesco L, Volpi N, Rovelli A, la Marca G, Valsecchi MG, Zancan S, Ciceri F, Naldini L, Baldoli C, Parini R, Gentner B, Aiuti A, Bernardo ME. Early skeletal outcomes after hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell gene therapy for Hurler syndrome. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadi8214. [PMID: 38691622 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi8214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I Hurler (MPSIH) is characterized by severe and progressive skeletal dysplasia that is not fully addressed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Autologous hematopoietic stem progenitor cell-gene therapy (HSPC-GT) provides superior metabolic correction in patients with MPSIH compared with HSCT; however, its ability to affect skeletal manifestations is unknown. Eight patients with MPSIH (mean age at treatment: 1.9 years) received lentiviral-based HSPC-GT in a phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT03488394). Clinical (growth, measures of kyphosis and genu velgum), functional (motor function, joint range of motion), and radiological [acetabular index (AI), migration percentage (MP) in hip x-rays and MRIs and spine MRI score] parameters of skeletal dysplasia were evaluated at baseline and multiple time points up to 4 years after treatment. Specific skeletal measures were retrospectively compared with an external cohort of HSCT-treated patients. At a median follow-up of 3.78 years after HSPC-GT, all patients treated with HSPC-GT exhibited longitudinal growth within WHO reference ranges and a median height gain greater than that observed in patients treated with HSCT after 3-year follow-up. Patients receiving HSPC-GT experienced complete and earlier normalization of joint mobility compared with patients treated with HSCT. Mean AI and MP showed progressive decreases after HSPC-GT, suggesting a reduction in acetabular dysplasia. Typical spine alterations measured through a spine MRI score stabilized after HSPC-GT. Clinical, functional, and radiological measures suggested an early beneficial effect of HSPC-GT on MPSIH-typical skeletal features. Longer follow-up is needed to draw definitive conclusions on HSPC-GT's impact on MPSIH skeletal dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Consiglieri
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandro Cattoni
- Paediatrics, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Foundation, 20900 Monza, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Risca
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging B4 Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Stefano Scarparo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sarzana
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pontesilli
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Renata Mellone
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Gasperini
- Paediatrics, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Foundation, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Galimberti
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging B4 Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
- Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Filisetti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Forni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Miglietta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Santi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Facchini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Corti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Fumagalli
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Recupero
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Canarutto
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Doglio
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Tedesco
- Paediatrics, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Foundation, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Nicola Volpi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Attilio Rovelli
- Paediatrics, IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Foundation, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging B4 Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
- Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Zancan
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Baldoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Parini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), 20132 Milan, Italy
- "Vita-Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
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2
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Cesana D, Cicalese MP, Calabria A, Merli P, Caruso R, Volpin M, Rudilosso L, Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Fossati C, Gazzo F, Pizzi S, Ciolfi A, Bruselles A, Tucci F, Spinozzi G, Pais G, Benedicenti F, Barcella M, Merelli I, Gallina P, Giannelli S, Dionisio F, Scala S, Casiraghi M, Strocchio L, Vinti L, Pacillo L, Draghi E, Cesana M, Riccardo S, Colantuono C, Six E, Cavazzana M, Carlucci F, Schmidt M, Cancrini C, Ciceri F, Vago L, Cacchiarelli D, Gentner B, Naldini L, Tartaglia M, Montini E, Locatelli F, Aiuti A. A case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in retroviral gene therapy for ADA-SCID. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3662. [PMID: 38688902 PMCID: PMC11061298 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (GT) using a γ-retroviral vector (γ-RV) is an effective treatment for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency due to Adenosine Deaminase deficiency. Here, we describe a case of GT-related T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that developed 4.7 years after treatment. The patient underwent chemotherapy and haploidentical transplantation and is currently in remission. Blast cells contain a single vector insertion activating the LIM-only protein 2 (LMO2) proto-oncogene, confirmed by physical interaction, and low Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) activity resulting from methylation of viral promoter. The insertion is detected years before T-ALL in multiple lineages, suggesting that further hits occurred in a thymic progenitor. Blast cells contain known and novel somatic mutations as well as germline mutations which may have contributed to transformation. Before T-ALL onset, the insertion profile is similar to those of other ADA-deficient patients. The limited incidence of vector-related adverse events in ADA-deficiency compared to other γ-RV GT trials could be explained by differences in transgenes, background disease and patient's specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cesana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Calabria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Merli
- IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Monica Volpin
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Rudilosso
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Fossati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Gazzo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Spinozzi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Pais
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Benedicenti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Segrate, Italy
| | - Pierangela Gallina
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Casiraghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Lucia Pacillo
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Draghi
- Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Cesana
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Riccardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA S.r.l., Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Colantuono
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- NEGEDIA S.r.l., Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Six
- Laboratory of Human Lympho-hematopoiesis, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Filippo Carlucci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Cancrini
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Montini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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3
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Vallée TC, Glasmacher JS, Buchner H, Arkwright PD, Behrends U, Bondarenko A, Browning MJ, Buchbinder DK, Cattoni A, Chernyshova L, Ciznar P, Cole T, Czogala W, Dueckers G, Edgar JDM, Erbey F, Fasth A, Ferrua F, Formankova R, Gambineri E, Gennery AR, Goldman FD, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Heilmann C, Heiskanen-Kosma T, Juntti H, Kainulainen L, Kanegane H, Karaca NE, Sebnem Kilic S, Klein C, Koltan S, Kondratenko I, Meyts I, Nasrullayeva GM, Notarangelo LD, Pasic S, Pellier I, Pignata C, Misbah SA, Schulz AS, Segundo GR, Shcherbina A, Slatter MA, Sokolic R, Soler-Palacin P, Stepensky P, van Montfrans JM, Ryhänen S, Wolska-Kuśnierz B, Ziegler JB, Zhao X, Aiuti A, Ochs HD, Albert MH. Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome: A study on 577 patients defining the genotype as a predictive biomarker for disease severity. Blood 2024:blood.2023021411. [PMID: 38579284 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
WAS is a multifaceted monogenic disorder with a broad disease spectrum and variable disease severity and a variety of treatment options including allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and gene therapy (GT). No reliable biomarker exists to predict disease course and outcome for individual patients. A total of 577 patients with a WAS variant from 26 countries and a median follow-up of 8.9 years (0.3-71.1), totaling 6118 patient-years, were included in this international retrospective study. Overall survival (OS) of the cohort (censored at HSCT or GT) was 82% (95% CI 78-87) at 15 years and 70% (61-80) at 30 years of age. The type of variant was predictive of outcome: patients with a missense variant in exons 1 or 2 or with the intronic hotspot variant c.559+5G>A (class I variants) had a 15-year OS of 93% (89-98) and a 30-year OS of 91% (86-97), compared to 71% (62-81) and 48% (34-68) in patients with any other variant (class II; p<0.0001). The cumulative incidence rates of disease-related complications such as severe bleeding (p=0.007), life-threatening infection (p<0.0001), and autoimmunity (p=0.004) occurred significantly later in patients with a class I variant. The cumulative incidence of malignancy (p=0.6) was not different between classes I and II. This study represents the largest cohort of WAS patients studied so far. It confirms the spectrum of disease severity and quantifies the risk for specific disease-related complications. The class of variant is a biomarker to predict the outcome for WAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja C Vallée
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jannik S Glasmacher
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Uta Behrends
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Ciznar
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Wojciech Czogala
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Pediatrics, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - John David M Edgar
- St James's Hospital & School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fatih Erbey
- Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Eleonora Gambineri
- University of Florence; 'Anna Meyer' Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrew R Gennery
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Hanna Juntti
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Christoph Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Childrens Hospital, LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylwia Koltan
- Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Irina Kondratenko
- Russian Children's Clinical Hospital, Pirogov National Research Medical University, Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | | | - Srdjan Pasic
- Mother and Child Health Institute of Serbia, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Serbia., Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Siraj Ahmed Misbah
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Anna Shcherbina
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mary A Slatter
- Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Sokolic
- Food and Drug Administration, SHaron, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | | | | | - Samppa Ryhänen
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, ChildrenÂ's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Hans D Ochs
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Michael H Albert
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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4
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Quaranta P, Basso-Ricci L, Jofra Hernández RJ, Pacini G, Naldini MM, Barcella M, Seffin L, Pais G, Spinozzi G, Benedicenti F, Pietrasanta C, Cheong JG, Ronchi A, Pugni L, Dionisio F, Monti I, Giannelli S, Darin S, Fraschetta F, Barera G, Ferrua F, Calbi V, Ometti M, Di Micco R, Mosca F, Josefowicz SZ, Montini E, Calabria A, Bernardo ME, Cicalese MP, Gentner B, Merelli I, Aiuti A, Scala S. Circulating Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells subsets contribute to human hematopoietic homeostasis. Blood 2024:blood.2023022666. [PMID: 38446574 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In physiological conditions, few circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (cHSPC) are present in the peripheral blood but their contribution to hematopoietic homeostasis in humans remain unsolved. By integrating advanced immunophenotyping, cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq), functional single-cell assays and integration site (IS) clonal tracking, we unveiled the phenotypic composition, the transcriptional features and the biological role of human cHSPC subpopulations in relationship to their bone marrow (BM) counterpart. We found that cHSPC progressively reduced in cell count over aging and are enriched for primitive, lymphoid and erythroid subpopulations, showing pre-activated transcriptional and functional state. Moreover, cHSPC have low expression of multiple BM-retention molecules, but maintain their homing potential after xenotransplantation. By generating a comprehensive Human Organ-Resident HSPC (HuOR) dataset based on scRNAseq data, we detected organ-specific seeding properties of the distinct trafficking HSPC subpopulations. Of note, circulating multi-lymphoid progenitors (MLP) are primed for seeding the thymus and actively contribute to T-cell production at steady state in patients treated with HSPC-gene therapy (GT). Human clonal tracking data from GT patients also showed that cHSPC connect distant BM niches and participate to steady-state hematopoietic production, with primitive cHSPC having the highest re-circulation capability to travel in and out the BM. Finally, in case of hematopoietic impairment, cHSPC composition reflects the BM-HSPC content and might represent a biomarker of the BM state for clinical and research purposes. Overall, our comprehensive work unveiled fundamental insights into the in vivo dynamics of human HSPC trafficking and its role in sustaining hematopoietic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Quaranta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | - Raisa Jofra Jofra Hernández
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Pacini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Seffin
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Spinozzi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute For Gene Therapy (Sr-Tiget), MILAN, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Pietrasanta
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Italy
| | - Jin-Gyu Cheong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Andrea Ronchi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Pugni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Monti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- TIGET - TELETHON INSTITUTE FOR GENE THERAPY - Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Fraschetta
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Ometti
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Mosca
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Montini
- H. San Raffaele-Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Calabria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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5
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Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Fossati C, Rancoita PMV, Gabaldo M, Dionisio F, Giannelli S, Salerio FA, Ferrua F, Tucci F, Calbi V, Gallo V, Recupero S, Consiglieri G, Pajno R, Sambuco M, Priolo A, Ferri C, Garella V, Monti I, Silvani P, Darin S, Casiraghi M, Corti A, Zancan S, Levi M, Cesana D, Carlucci F, Pituch-Noworolska A, AbdElaziz D, Baumann U, Finocchi A, Cancrini C, Ladogana S, Meinhardt A, Meyts I, Montin D, Notarangelo LD, Porta F, Pasquet M, Speckmann C, Stepensky P, Tommasini A, Rabusin M, Karakas Z, Galicchio M, Leonardi L, Duse M, Guner SN, Di Serio C, Ciceri F, Bernardo ME, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP. Long-term and real-world safety and efficacy of retroviral gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency. Nat Med 2024; 30:488-497. [PMID: 38355973 PMCID: PMC7615698 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency leads to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Previous clinical trials showed that autologous CD34+ cell gene therapy (GT) following busulfan reduced-intensity conditioning is a promising therapeutic approach for ADA-SCID, but long-term data are warranted. Here we report an analysis on long-term safety and efficacy data of 43 patients with ADA-SCID who received retroviral ex vivo bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cell GT. Twenty-two individuals (median follow-up 15.4 years) were treated in the context of clinical development or named patient program. Nineteen patients were treated post-marketing authorization (median follow-up 3.2 years), and two additional patients received mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cell GT. At data cutoff, all 43 patients were alive, with a median follow-up of 5.0 years (interquartile range 2.4-15.4) and 2 years intervention-free survival (no need for long-term enzyme replacement therapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) of 88% (95% confidence interval 78.7-98.4%). Most adverse events/reactions were related to disease background, busulfan conditioning or immune reconstitution; the safety profile of the real world experience was in line with premarketing cohort. One patient from the named patient program developed a T cell leukemia related to treatment 4.7 years after GT and is currently in remission. Long-term persistence of multilineage gene-corrected cells, metabolic detoxification, immune reconstitution and decreased infection rates were observed. Estimated mixed-effects models showed that higher dose of CD34+ cells infused and younger age at GT affected positively the plateau of CD3+ transduced cells, lymphocytes and CD4+ CD45RA+ naive T cells, whereas the cell dose positively influenced the final plateau of CD15+ transduced cells. These long-term data suggest that the risk-benefit of GT in ADA remains favorable and warrant for continuing long-term safety monitoring. Clinical trial registration: NCT00598481 , NCT03478670 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Fossati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola M V Rancoita
- University Centre for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Dionisio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Andrea Salerio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Recupero
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Pajno
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Sambuco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Priolo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Ferri
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Monti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Casiraghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Corti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Cesana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Carlucci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Dalia AbdElaziz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Ladogana
- Paediatric Onco-haematology Unit, 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza' Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Andrea Meinhardt
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Childhood Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Davide Montin
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Oncology-Hematology and BMT Unit, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marlène Pasquet
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology, Children's Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy and Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Rabusin
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Zeynep Karakas
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology Unit, Istanbul School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Miguel Galicchio
- Allergy and Immnunology Service, Hospital de Niños VJ Vilela, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lucia Leonardi
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Duse
- Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sukru Nail Guner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Clelia Di Serio
- University Centre for Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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6
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Matuozzo D, Talouarn E, Marchal A, Zhang P, Manry J, Seeleuthner Y, Zhang Y, Bolze A, Chaldebas M, Milisavljevic B, Gervais A, Bastard P, Asano T, Bizien L, Barzaghi F, Abolhassani H, Tayoun AA, Aiuti A, Darazam IA, Allende LM, Alonso-Arias R, Arias AA, Aytekin G, Bergman P, Bondesan S, Bryceson YT, Bustos IG, Cabrera-Marante O, Carcel S, Carrera P, Casari G, Chaïbi K, Colobran R, Condino-Neto A, Covill LE, Delmonte OM, Zein LE, Flores C, Gregersen PK, Gut M, Haerynck F, Halwani R, Hancerli S, Hammarström L, Hatipoğlu N, Karbuz A, Keles S, Kyheng C, Leon-Lopez R, Franco JL, Mansouri D, Martinez-Picado J, Akcan OM, Migeotte I, Morange PE, Morelle G, Martin-Nalda A, Novelli G, Novelli A, Ozcelik T, Palabiyik F, Pan-Hammarström Q, de Diego RP, Planas-Serra L, Pleguezuelo DE, Prando C, Pujol A, Reyes LF, Rivière JG, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Rojas J, Rovere-Querini P, Schlüter A, Shahrooei M, Sobh A, Soler-Palacin P, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Tipu I, Tresoldi C, Troya J, van de Beek D, Zatz M, Zawadzki P, Al-Muhsen SZ, Alosaimi MF, Alsohime FM, Baris-Feldman H, Butte MJ, Constantinescu SN, Cooper MA, Dalgard CL, Fellay J, Heath JR, Lau YL, Lifton RP, Maniatis T, Mogensen TH, von Bernuth H, Lermine A, Vidaud M, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Nussbaum R, Kahn-Kirby A, Mentre F, Tubiana S, Gorochov G, Tubach F, Hausfater P, Meyts I, Zhang SY, Puel A, Notarangelo LD, Boisson-Dupuis S, Su HC, Boisson B, Jouanguy E, Casanova JL, Zhang Q, Abel L, Cobat A. Correction: Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19. Genome Med 2024; 16:6. [PMID: 38184654 PMCID: PMC10771638 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Matuozzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Talouarn
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Astrid Marchal
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthieu Chaldebas
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Baptiste Milisavljevic
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takaki Asano
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Department of Paediatric Immunohematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Abou Tayoun
- Al Jalila Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilad Alavi Darazam
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luis M Allende
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute imas12 and Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrés Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010, Medellin, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Gokhan Aytekin
- Deparment of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Immunodeficiency Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simone Bondesan
- Clinical Genomics, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Oscar Cabrera-Marante
- Institute of Biomedical Research of IdiPAZ, University Hospital "La Paz", Madrid, Spain
| | - Sheila Carcel
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paola Carrera
- Clinical Genomics, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Genome-Phenome Relationship, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Khalil Chaïbi
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Department, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
- Common and Rare Kidney Diseases, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR-S 1155, Paris, France
| | - Roger Colobran
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Translational Immunology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Genetics Department, Immunology Division, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura E Covill
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Loubna El Zein
- Biology Department, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carlos Flores
- Genomics Division, Institute of Technology and Renewable Energies (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, University Hospital of Ntra. Sra. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health USA, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Selda Hancerli
- Department of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nevin Hatipoğlu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adem Karbuz
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Christèle Kyheng
- Department of General Paediatrics, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rafael Leon-Lopez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Franco
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Davood Mansouri
- The Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ozge Metin Akcan
- Meram Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Centre de Génétique Humaine de L'Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Morelle
- Department of General Paediatrics, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Andrea Martin-Nalda
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Infection in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Figen Palabiyik
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, University Hospital "La Paz", Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Planas-Serra
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel E Pleguezuelo
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute imas12 and Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jacques G Rivière
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Infection in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Julian Rojas
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Agatha Schlüter
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali Sobh
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Infection in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- Hypoxia and Lung, INSERM U1272, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Imran Tipu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jesus Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diederik van de Beek
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pawel Zawadzki
- MNM Bioscience Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Saleh Zaid Al-Muhsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Faraj Alosaimi
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alsohime
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Manish J Butte
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefan N Constantinescu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- SIGN Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Brussels, Belgium
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Megan A Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tom Maniatis
- Zukerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology, and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alban Lermine
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia, MG2025, MG2025, Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia, MG2025, MG2025, Paris, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | | | | | - France Mentre
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Tubiana
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Département d'immunologie, INSERM Centre d'Immunologie Et Des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI-Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Florence Tubach
- Département de Santé Publique, Unité de Recherche Clinique PSL-CFX, CIC-1901, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie Et de Santé Publique, INSERM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Hausfater
- Emergency Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- GRC-14 BIOFAST Sorbonn Université, UMR INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Rivalta B, Attardi E, Cifaldi C, Rosti V, Pacillo L, Hajrullaj H, Di Cesare S, Amodio D, Algeri M, Luciani M, Barzaghi F, Finocchi A, Di Matteo G, Aiuti A, Locatelli F, Voso MT, Palumbo G, Cancrini C. Natural history of Ras-associated autoimmune leukoproliferative disorder: A 20-year follow-up of a NRAS-mutated patient excluding a malignant progression. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:e6-e10. [PMID: 37921255 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Rivalta
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - E Attardi
- PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - C Cifaldi
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - V Rosti
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - L Pacillo
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - H Hajrullaj
- PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - S Di Cesare
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - D Amodio
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M Algeri
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - M Luciani
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - F Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Finocchi
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G Di Matteo
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - A Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G Palumbo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - C Cancrini
- Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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8
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Aiuti A, D’Amelio R, Quinti I, Rossi P. Editorial to the Special Issue "Clinical Immunology in Italy, with Special Emphasis to Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies: A Commemorative Issue in Honor of Prof. Fernando Aiuti". Biomedicines 2023; 11:3191. [PMID: 38137412 PMCID: PMC10741147 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fernando Aiuti (Figure 1), born in Urbino on 8 June 1935, suddenly died on 9 January 2019, leaving a great void not only among his family members and those who knew him and appreciated his great humanity and acute intelligence, but in the entire immunological scientific community [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Aiuti
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute S. Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele D’Amelio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, S. Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Isabella Quinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Rossi
- Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
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9
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Maccari ME, Wolkewitz M, Schwab C, Lorenzini T, Leiding JW, Aladjdi N, Abolhassani H, Abou-Chahla W, Aiuti A, Azarnoush S, Baris S, Barlogis V, Barzaghi F, Baumann U, Bloomfield M, Bohynikova N, Bodet D, Boutboul D, Bucciol G, Buckland MS, Burns SO, Cancrini C, Cathébras P, Cavazzana M, Cheminant M, Chinello M, Ciznar P, Coulter TI, D'Aveni M, Ekwall O, Eric Z, Eren E, Fasth A, Frange P, Fournier B, Garcia-Prat M, Gardembas M, Geier C, Ghosh S, Goda V, Hammarström L, Hauck F, Heeg M, Heropolitanska-Pliszka E, Hilfanova A, Jolles S, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Kindle GR, Kiykim A, Klemann C, Koletsi P, Koltan S, Kondratenko I, Körholz J, Krüger R, Jeziorski E, Levy R, Le Guenno G, Lefevre G, Lougaris V, Marzollo A, Mahlaoui N, Malphettes M, Meinhardt A, Merlin E, Meyts I, Milota T, Moreira F, Moshous D, Mukhina A, Neth O, Neubert J, Neven B, Nieters A, Nove-Josserand R, Oksenhendler E, Ozen A, Olbrich P, Perlat A, Pac M, Schmid JP, Pacillo L, Parra-Martinez A, Paschenko O, Pellier I, Sefer AP, Plebani A, Plantaz D, Prader S, Raffray L, Ritterbusch H, Riviere JG, Rivalta B, Rusch S, Sakovich I, Savic S, Scheible R, Schleinitz N, Schuetz C, Schulz A, Sediva A, Semeraro M, Sharapova SO, Shcherbina A, Slatter MA, Sogkas G, Soler-Palacin P, Speckmann C, Stephan JL, Suarez F, Tommasini A, Trück J, Uhlmann A, van Aerde KJ, van Montfrans J, von Bernuth H, Warnatz K, Williams T, Worth AJJ, Ip W, Picard C, Catherinot E, Nademi Z, Grimbacher B, Forbes Satter LR, Kracker S, Chandra A, Condliffe AM, Ehl S. Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: Update from the ESID Registry and comparison with other autoimmune-lymphoproliferative inborn errors of immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:984-996.e10. [PMID: 37390899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated phosphoinositide-3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) with infection susceptibility and immune dysregulation, clinically overlapping with other conditions. Management depends on disease evolution, but predictors of severe disease are lacking. OBJECTIVES This study sought to report the extended spectrum of disease manifestations in APDS1 versus APDS2; compare these to CTLA4 deficiency, NFKB1 deficiency, and STAT3 gain-of-function (GOF) disease; and identify predictors of severity in APDS. METHODS Data was collected from the ESID (European Society for Immunodeficiencies)-APDS registry and was compared with published cohorts of the other IEIs. RESULTS The analysis of 170 patients with APDS outlines high penetrance and early onset of APDS compared to the other IEIs. The large clinical heterogeneity even in individuals with the same PIK3CD variant E1021K illustrates how poorly the genotype predicts the disease phenotype and course. The high clinical overlap between APDS and the other investigated IEIs suggests relevant pathophysiological convergence of the affected pathways. Preferentially affected organ systems indicate specific pathophysiology: bronchiectasis is typical of APDS1; interstitial lung disease and enteropathy are more common in STAT3 GOF and CTLA4 deficiency. Endocrinopathies are most frequent in STAT3 GOF, but growth impairment is also common, particularly in APDS2. Early clinical presentation is a risk factor for severe disease in APDS. CONCLUSIONS APDS illustrates how a single genetic variant can result in a diverse autoimmune-lymphoproliferative phenotype. Overlap with other IEIs is substantial. Some specific features distinguish APDS1 from APDS2. Early onset is a risk factor for severe disease course calling for specific treatment studies in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Maccari
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Wolkewitz
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Schwab
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tiziana Lorenzini
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jennifer W Leiding
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Nathalie Aladjdi
- Pediatric Haemato-Immunology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) 1401, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Centre d'Investigation Clinique Pluridisciplinaire (CICP), Bordeaux University Hospital and Centre de Reference National des Cytopenies Auto-immunoes de l'Enfant (CEREVANCE), Bordeaux, France
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wadih Abou-Chahla
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Lille, France
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (Sr-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Saba Azarnoush
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Safa Baris
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vincent Barlogis
- Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Oncology, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (Sr-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy, and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marketa Bloomfield
- Department of Immunology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nadezda Bohynikova
- Department of Immunology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damien Bodet
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - David Boutboul
- Clinical Immunology Department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Departments of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew S Buckland
- Barts Health National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom; Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, Immunity and Inflammation Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan O Burns
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, London, United Kingdom; Department of Immunology, Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Department of System Medicine, Pediatric Chair, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Research and Clinical Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Bambin Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marina Cavazzana
- Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Biotherapy Department, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France; Biotherapy Clinical Investigation Center Groupe Hospitalier Centre, AP-HP, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Cheminant
- Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France
| | - Matteo Chinello
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Peter Ciznar
- Pediatric Department, Comenius University Medical Faculty, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tanya I Coulter
- Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Maud D'Aveni
- Department of Hematology, Nancy University Hospital, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; UMR 7365, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Olov Ekwall
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zelimir Eric
- University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Efrem Eren
- University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Fasth
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Frange
- Unité de Recherche Propre 7328, Fédération pour l'Étude et évaluation des Thérapeutiques intra-UtérineS (FETUS), Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Fournier
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France
| | - Marina Garcia-Prat
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Christoph Geier
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sujal Ghosh
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University-University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera Goda
- Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Anna Hilfanova
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology, Infectious and Rare Diseases, European Medical School, International European University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Stephen Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey; Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gerhard R Kindle
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biobanking FREEZE, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Christian Klemann
- Departments of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology, & Infectiology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patra Koletsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Penteli Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Sylwia Koltan
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Irina Kondratenko
- Russian Clinical Childrens Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Julia Körholz
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renate Krüger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- General Pediatrics, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Romain Levy
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Le Guenno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital d'Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Lefevre
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie and University of Lille, Lille, France; Inserm U995, LIRIC-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Marzollo
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France; Necker Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Paris Université Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Andrea Meinhardt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Etienne Merlin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Departments of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Milota
- Department of Immunology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando Moreira
- Department of Immunology, Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Despina Moshous
- Laboratories of Dynamique du Génome et Système Immunitaire, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France; Necker Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Paris Université Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anna Mukhina
- Department of Immunology, Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olaf Neth
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Red de Investigación Translacional en Infectología Pediátrica, Seville, Spain
| | - Jennifer Neubert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University-University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benedicte Neven
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biobanking FREEZE, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Ahmet Ozen
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey; Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Peter Olbrich
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Red de Investigación Translacional en Infectología Pediátrica, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Malgorzata Pac
- Department of Immunology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jana Pachlopnik Schmid
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Pacillo
- Department of System Medicine, Pediatric Chair, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Research and Clinical Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Bambin Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alba Parra-Martinez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Paschenko
- Russian Clinical Childrens Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Asena Pinar Sefer
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dominique Plantaz
- Unit of Pediatric Immuno Hemato and Oncology, University Hospital Centre of Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Seraina Prader
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Loic Raffray
- Internal Medicine Department, Felix Guyon University Hospital, Saint Denis, La Réunion, France; Mixed Research Unit (UMR) "Infectious Processes in Tropical Island Environments", La Réunion, France
| | - Henrike Ritterbusch
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jacques G Riviere
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatrice Rivalta
- Department of System Medicine, Pediatric Chair, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Research and Clinical Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, IRCCS Bambin Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephan Rusch
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Inga Sakovich
- Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Scheible
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schleinitz
- Département de Médecine Interne, Timone Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Catharina Schuetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna Sediva
- Department of Immunology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Semeraro
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) 1419, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre, Paris, France; EA7323 Pediatric and Perinatal Drug Evaluation and Pharmacology Research Unit, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Svetlana O Sharapova
- Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Department of Immunology, Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mary A Slatter
- Great North Children' s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Louis Stephan
- Department of Pediatrics, North Hospital, University Hospital of Saint Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France; University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofalo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Johannes Trück
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Uhlmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Clinical Trials Unit, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Koen J van Aerde
- Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris van Montfrans
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Immunology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tony Williams
- University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Austen J J Worth
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Winnie Ip
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Capucine Picard
- Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Centre, Paris, France; Necker Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies (CEREDIH), Paris Université Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Zohreh Nademi
- Great North Children' s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lisa R Forbes Satter
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex; William T. Shearer Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Sven Kracker
- Human Lymphohematopoiesis, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anita Chandra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison M Condliffe
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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10
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Gervais A, Rovida F, Avanzini MA, Croce S, Marchal A, Lin SC, Ferrari A, Thorball CW, Constant O, Le Voyer T, Philippot Q, Rosain J, Angelini M, Pérez Lorenzo M, Bizien L, Achille C, Trespidi F, Burdino E, Cassaniti I, Lilleri D, Fornara C, Sammartino JC, Cereda D, Marrocu C, Piralla A, Valsecchi C, Ricagno S, Cogo P, Neth O, Marín-Cruz I, Pacenti M, Sinigaglia A, Trevisan M, Volpe A, Marzollo A, Conti F, Lazzarotto T, Pession A, Viale P, Fellay J, Ghirardello S, Aubart M, Ghisetti V, Aiuti A, Jouanguy E, Bastard P, Percivalle E, Baldanti F, Puel A, MacDonald MR, Rice CM, Rossini G, Murray KO, Simonin Y, Nagy A, Barzon L, Abel L, Diamond MS, Cobat A, Zhang SY, Casanova JL, Borghesi A. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs underlie West Nile virus encephalitis in ∼40% of patients. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230661. [PMID: 37347462 PMCID: PMC10287549 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) infection is benign in most individuals but can cause encephalitis in <1% of infected individuals. We show that ∼35% of patients hospitalized for WNV disease (WNVD) in six independent cohorts from the EU and USA carry auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or -ω. The prevalence of these antibodies is highest in patients with encephalitis (∼40%), and that in individuals with silent WNV infection is as low as that in the general population. The odds ratios for WNVD in individuals with these auto-Abs relative to those without them in the general population range from 19.0 (95% CI 15.0-24.0, P value <10-15) for auto-Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml IFN-α and/or IFN-ω to 127.4 (CI 87.1-186.4, P value <10-15) for auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-α and IFN-ω at a concentration of 10 ng/ml. These antibodies block the protective effect of IFN-α in Vero cells infected with WNV in vitro. Auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or IFN-ω underlie ∼40% of cases of WNV encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Rovida
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Croce
- UOSD Cell Factory, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Astrid Marchal
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Shih-Ching Lin
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, and The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alessandro Ferrari
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christian W. Thorball
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Orianne Constant
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Micol Angelini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Malena Pérez Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Cristian Achille
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Trespidi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Burdino
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Cassaniti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fornara
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Marrocu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Piralla
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Valsecchi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ricagno
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, San Donato Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Cogo
- Department of Medicine (DAME), Division of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Olaf Neth
- Inborn Errors of Immunity Laboratory, Biomedicine Institute in Seville (IBiS), University of Seville/CSIC, “Red de Investigación Translacional en Infectología Pediátrica”, Seville, Spain
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Inés Marín-Cruz
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Monia Pacenti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marta Trevisan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Volpe
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Marzollo
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Conti
- Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lazzarotto
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Viale
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jacques Fellay
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Mélodie Aubart
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Valeria Ghisetti
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistante Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elena Percivalle
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret R. MacDonald
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giada Rossini
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kristy O. Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Tropical Medicine, Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yannick Simonin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna Nagy
- National Reference Laboratory for Viral Zoonoses, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luisa Barzon
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, and The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Alessandro Borghesi
- School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy
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11
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Booth C, Aiuti A. Realizing the Potential of Gene Therapies for Rare and Ultra-Rare Inherited Diseases. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:776-781. [PMID: 37624746 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare and ultrarare diseases have been central to the field of gene therapy since its earliest stage, and we are now witnessing more and more effective treatments entering the clinical realm for patients in need. However, despite promising results across a range of rare diseases, transformative gene therapies may not be available and accessible to patients for nonmedical reasons. Traditional regulatory and commercialization pathways to licensed products seem to be prohibitive for ultrasmall patient populations. Here, we highlight some of the challenges of delivering gene therapies in rare diseases and discuss innovative solutions being proposed by the gene therapy community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Booth
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Gene Therapy, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Paediatric Immunohaematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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12
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Fratini ES, Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Fossati C, Giannelli S, Monti I, Casiraghi M, Ferrua F, Recupero S, Consiglieri G, Calbi V, Tucci F, Gallo V, Bernardo ME, Cenciarelli S, Palmoni M, Moni M, Galimberti L, Duse M, Leonardi L, Sieni E, Soncini E, Porta F, Notarangelo LD, De Santis R, Ladogana S, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP. Hemophagocytic inflammatory syndrome in ADA-SCID: report of two cases and literature review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1187959. [PMID: 37435083 PMCID: PMC10331599 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemophagocytic inflammatory syndrome (HIS) is a rare form of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis caused by an impaired equilibrium between natural killer and cytotoxic T-cell activity, evolving in hypercytokinemia and multiorgan failure. In the context of inborn errors of immunity, HIS occurrence has been reported in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patients, including two cases of adenosine deaminase deficient-SCID (ADA-SCID). Here we describe two additional pediatric cases of ADA-SCID patients who developed HIS. In the first case, HIS was triggered by infectious complications while the patient was on enzyme replacement therapy; the patient was treated with high-dose corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins with HIS remission. However, the patient required HLA-identical sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for a definitive cure of ADA-SCID, without HIS relapse up to 13 years after HSCT. The second patient presented HIS 2 years after hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy (GT), secondarily to Varicella-Zoster vaccination and despite CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes' reconstitution in line with other ADA SCID patients treated with GT. The child responded to trilinear immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, Cyclosporine A, Anakinra). We observed the persistence of gene-corrected cells up to 5 years post-GT, without HIS relapse. These new cases of children with HIS, together with those reported in the literature, support the hypothesis that a major dysregulation in the immune system can occur in ADA-SCID patients. Our cases show that early identification of the disease is imperative and that a variable degree of immunosuppression could be an effective treatment while allogeneic HSCT is required only in cases of refractoriness. A deeper knowledge of immunologic patterns contributing to HIS pathogenesis in ADA-SCID patients is desirable, to identify new targeted treatments and ensure patients' long-term recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sophia Fratini
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Fossati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Monti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Casiraghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Recupero
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Cenciarelli
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Palmoni
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Moni
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Galimberti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Duse
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Leonardi
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Sieni
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Soncini
- Pediatric Oncology-Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Unit, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Oncology-Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Unit, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella De Santis
- Paediatric Onco-Haematology Unit, “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Saverio Ladogana
- Paediatric Onco-Haematology Unit, “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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13
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Canarutto D, Oltolini C, Barzaghi F, Calbi V, Migliavacca M, Tucci F, Gallo V, Consiglieri G, Ferrua F, Recupero S, Cervi MC, Al-Mousa H, Pituch-Noworolska A, Tassan Din C, Scarpellini P, Silvani P, Fossati C, Casiraghi M, Cirillo DM, Castagna A, Bernardo ME, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP. Outcome of BCG Vaccination in ADA-SCID Patients: A 12-Patient Series. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1809. [PMID: 37509449 PMCID: PMC10376767 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) can be harmful to patients with combined primary immunodeficiencies. We report the outcome of BCG vaccination in a series of twelve patients affected by adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID). BCG vaccination resulted in a very high incidence of complications due to uncontrolled replication of the mycobacterium. All patients who developed BCG-related disease were treated successfully and remained free from recurrence of disease. We recommend the prompt initiation of enzyme replacement therapy and secondary prophylaxis to reduce the risk of BCG-related complications in ADA-SCID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Canarutto
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute S. Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Oltolini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Recupero
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Celia Cervi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Hamoud Al-Mousa
- Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Chiara Tassan Din
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Scarpellini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Fossati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Casiraghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Maria Cirillo
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute S. Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute S. Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute S. Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute S. Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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14
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Barzaghi F, Aiuti A. Newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency: changing the landscape of post-transplantation survival. Lancet 2023:S0140-6736(23)01057-7. [PMID: 37352884 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit and San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Grunebaum E, Booth C, Cuvelier GDE, Loves R, Aiuti A, Kohn DB. Updated Management Guidelines for Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:1665-1675. [PMID: 36736952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inherited defects in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene typically cause severe combined immunodeficiency. In addition to infections, ADA-deficient patients can present with neurodevelopmental, behavioral, hearing, skeletal, lung, heart, skin, kidney, urogenital, and liver abnormalities. Some patients also suffer from autoimmunity and malignancies. In recent years, there have been remarkable advances in the management of ADA deficiency. Most ADA-deficient patients can be identified by newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency, which facilitates early diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic infants. Most patients benefit from enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from an HLA-matched sibling donor or HLA-matched family member donor with no conditioning is currently the preferable treatment. When matched sibling donor or matched family member donor is not available, autologous ADA gene therapy with nonmyeloablative conditioning and ERT withdrawal, which is reported in recent studies to result in 100% overall survival and 90% to 95% engraftment, should be pursued. If gene therapy is not immediately available, ERT can be continued for a few years, although its excessive cost might be prohibitive. The recent improved outcome of hematopoietic cell transplantation using HLA-mismatched family-related donors or HLA-matched unrelated donors, after reduced-intensity conditioning, suggests that such procedures might also be considered rather than continuing ERT for prolonged periods. Long-term follow-up will further assist in determining the optimal treatment approach for ADA-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Grunebaum
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Claire Booth
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Gene Therapy, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey D E Cuvelier
- Manitoba Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Robyn Loves
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, and the Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Donald B Kohn
- Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
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16
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Colantuoni M, Jofra Hernandez R, Pettinato E, Basso-Ricci L, Magnani L, Andolfi G, Rigamonti C, Finardi A, Romeo V, Soldi M, Sergi Sergi L, Rocchi M, Scala S, Hoffman HM, Gregori S, Kajaste-Rudnitski A, Sanvito F, Muzio L, Naldini L, Aiuti A, Mortellaro A. Constitutive IL-1RA production by modified immune cells protects against IL-1-mediated inflammatory disorders. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade3856. [PMID: 37256935 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) pathway leads to immune diseases that can result in chronic tissue and organ inflammation. Although IL-1 blockade has shown promise in ameliorating these symptoms and improving patients' quality of life, there is an urgent need for more effective, long-lasting treatments. We developed a lentivirus (LV)-mediated gene transfer strategy using transplanted autologous hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) as a source of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) for systemic delivery to tissues and organs. Transplantation of mouse and human HSPCs transduced with an IL-1RA-encoding LV ensured stable IL-1RA production while maintaining the clonogenic and differentiation capacities of HSPCs in vivo. We examined the efficacy of cell-mediated IL-1RA delivery in three models of IL-1-dependent inflammation, for which treatment hindered neutrophil recruitment in an inducible model of gout, prevented systemic and multi-tissue inflammation in a genetic model of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, and reduced disease severity in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis. Our findings demonstrate HSPC-mediated IL-1RA delivery as a potential therapeutic modality that can be exploited to suppress tissue and organ inflammation in diverse immune-related diseases involving IL-1-driven inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariasilvia Colantuoni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Raisa Jofra Hernandez
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pettinato
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Magnani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazia Andolfi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Rigamonti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, INSpe, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Romeo
- Neuroimmunology Unit, INSpe, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Soldi
- Processing Developmental Laboratory, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Sergi Sergi
- Processing Developmental Laboratory, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Rocchi
- GLP Test Facility, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Kajaste-Rudnitski
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Sanvito
- GLP Test Facility, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Muzio
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, INSpe, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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17
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Scala S, Ferrua F, Basso-Ricci L, Dionisio F, Omrani M, Quaranta P, Jofra Hernandez R, Del Core L, Benedicenti F, Monti I, Giannelli S, Fraschetta F, Darin S, Albertazzi E, Galimberti S, Montini E, Calabria A, Cicalese MP, Aiuti A. Hematopoietic reconstitution dynamics of mobilized- and bone marrow-derived human hematopoietic stem cells after gene therapy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3068. [PMID: 37244942 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobilized peripheral blood is increasingly used instead of bone marrow as a source of autologous hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells for ex vivo gene therapy. Here, we present an unplanned exploratory analysis evaluating the hematopoietic reconstitution kinetics, engraftment and clonality in 13 pediatric Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome patients treated with autologous lentiviral-vector transduced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from mobilized peripheral blood (n = 7), bone marrow (n = 5) or the combination of the two sources (n = 1). 8 out of 13 gene therapy patients were enrolled in an open-label, non-randomized, phase 1/2 clinical study (NCT01515462) and the remaining 5 patients were treated under expanded access programs. Although mobilized peripheral blood- and bone marrow- hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells display similar capability of being gene-corrected, maintaining the engineered grafts up to 3 years after gene therapy, mobilized peripheral blood-gene therapy group shows faster neutrophil and platelet recovery, higher number of engrafted clones and increased gene correction in the myeloid lineage which correlate with higher amount of primitive and myeloid progenitors contained in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from mobilized peripheral blood. In vitro differentiation and transplantation studies in mice confirm that primitive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from both sources have comparable engraftment and multilineage differentiation potential. Altogether, our analyses reveal that the differential behavior after gene therapy of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells derived from either bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood is mainly due to the distinct cell composition rather than functional differences of the infused cell products, providing new frames of references for clinical interpretation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Maryam Omrani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, Systems and Communication, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
| | - Pamela Quaranta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Raisa Jofra Hernandez
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Luca Del Core
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- University of Groningen - Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Groningen, 9747, Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Benedicenti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Ilaria Monti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Federico Fraschetta
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Elena Albertazzi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Stefania Galimberti
- Center of Biostatistics for Clinical Epidemiology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Eugenio Montini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Andrea Calabria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy.
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, 20132, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, 20132, Italy.
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18
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Ferrari S, Valeri E, Conti A, Scala S, Aprile A, Di Micco R, Kajaste-Rudnitski A, Montini E, Ferrari G, Aiuti A, Naldini L. Genetic engineering meets hematopoietic stem cell biology for next-generation gene therapy. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:549-570. [PMID: 37146580 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing clinical success of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) gene therapy (GT) relies on the development of viral vectors as portable "Trojan horses" for safe and efficient gene transfer. The recent advent of novel technologies enabling site-specific gene editing is broadening the scope and means of GT, paving the way to more precise genetic engineering and expanding the spectrum of diseases amenable to HSPC-GT. Here, we provide an overview of state-of-the-art and prospective developments of the HSPC-GT field, highlighting how advances in biological characterization and manipulation of HSPCs will enable the design of the next generation of these transforming therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Erika Valeri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Anastasia Conti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Annamaria Aprile
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Anna Kajaste-Rudnitski
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Eugenio Montini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.
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19
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Marcello AP, Visconti C, Vercellati C, Zaninoni A, Bianchi P, Barcellini W, Aiuti A, Fermo E, Ferrua F. Overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis: A rare cause of familiar persistent macrocytosis due to SLC4A1 variants. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023:e30344. [PMID: 37057369 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paola Marcello
- Hematology Unit, Pathophysiology of Anemias Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Visconti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Vercellati
- Hematology Unit, Pathophysiology of Anemias Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Zaninoni
- Hematology Unit, Pathophysiology of Anemias Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Bianchi
- Hematology Unit, Pathophysiology of Anemias Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Wilma Barcellini
- Hematology Unit, Pathophysiology of Anemias Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Fermo
- Hematology Unit, Pathophysiology of Anemias Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Faccioli S, Sassi S, Pandarese D, Borghi C, Montemaggiori V, Sarzana M, Scarparo S, Butera C, Calbi V, Aiuti A, Fumagalli F. Preserving Ambulation in a Gene Therapy-Treated Girl Affected by Metachromatic Leukodystrophy: A Case Report. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040637. [PMID: 37109023 PMCID: PMC10144348 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Atidarsagene autotemcel is a hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell gene therapy (HSPC-GT) approved to treat early-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). The purpose of this case report is to describe the long-term management of residual gait impairment of a child with late infantile MLD treated with HSPC-GT. (2) Methods: Assessment included Gross Motor Function Measure-88, nerve conduction study, body mass index (BMI), Modified Tardieu Scale, passive range of motion, modified Medical Research Council scale, and gait analysis. Interventions included orthoses, a walker, orthopedic surgery, physiotherapy, and botulinum. (3) Results: Orthoses and a walker were fundamental to maintaining ambulation. Orthopedic surgery positively influenced gait by reducing equinovarus. Nonetheless, unilateral recurrence of varo-supination was observed, attributable to spasticity and muscle imbalance. Botulinum improved foot alignment but induced transient overall weakness. A significant increase in BMI occurred. Finally, a shift to bilateral valgopronation was observed, more easily managed with orthoses. (4) Conclusions: HSPC-GT preserved survival and locomotor abilities. Rehabilitation was then considered fundamental as a complementary treatment. Muscle imbalance and increased BMI contributed to gait deterioration in the growing phase. Caution is recommended when considering botulinum in similar subjects, as the risk of inducing overall weakness can outweigh the benefits of spasticity reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Faccioli
- Children Rehabilitation Unit of S. M. Nuova Hospital, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Sassi
- Children Rehabilitation Unit of S. M. Nuova Hospital, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Daniela Pandarese
- Children Rehabilitation Unit of S. M. Nuova Hospital, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Corrado Borghi
- Children Rehabilitation Unit of S. M. Nuova Hospital, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Montemaggiori
- Orthopaedic Unit of S. M. Nuova Hospital, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marina Sarzana
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Scarparo
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Butera
- Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20019 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Fumagalli
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
- Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20019 Milan, Italy
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21
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Matuozzo D, Talouarn E, Marchal A, Zhang P, Manry J, Seeleuthner Y, Zhang Y, Bolze A, Chaldebas M, Milisavljevic B, Gervais A, Bastard P, Asano T, Bizien L, Barzaghi F, Abolhassani H, Abou Tayoun A, Aiuti A, Alavi Darazam I, Allende LM, Alonso-Arias R, Arias AA, Aytekin G, Bergman P, Bondesan S, Bryceson YT, Bustos IG, Cabrera-Marante O, Carcel S, Carrera P, Casari G, Chaïbi K, Colobran R, Condino-Neto A, Covill LE, Delmonte OM, El Zein L, Flores C, Gregersen PK, Gut M, Haerynck F, Halwani R, Hancerli S, Hammarström L, Hatipoğlu N, Karbuz A, Keles S, Kyheng C, Leon-Lopez R, Franco JL, Mansouri D, Martinez-Picado J, Metin Akcan O, Migeotte I, Morange PE, Morelle G, Martin-Nalda A, Novelli G, Novelli A, Ozcelik T, Palabiyik F, Pan-Hammarström Q, de Diego RP, Planas-Serra L, Pleguezuelo DE, Prando C, Pujol A, Reyes LF, Rivière JG, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Rojas J, Rovere-Querini P, Schlüter A, Shahrooei M, Sobh A, Soler-Palacin P, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Tipu I, Tresoldi C, Troya J, van de Beek D, Zatz M, Zawadzki P, Al-Muhsen SZ, Alosaimi MF, Alsohime FM, Baris-Feldman H, Butte MJ, Constantinescu SN, Cooper MA, Dalgard CL, Fellay J, Heath JR, Lau YL, Lifton RP, Maniatis T, Mogensen TH, von Bernuth H, Lermine A, Vidaud M, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Nussbaum R, Kahn-Kirby A, Mentre F, Tubiana S, Gorochov G, Tubach F, Hausfater P, Meyts I, Zhang SY, Puel A, Notarangelo LD, Boisson-Dupuis S, Su HC, Boisson B, Jouanguy E, Casanova JL, Zhang Q, Abel L, Cobat A. Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19. Genome Med 2023; 15:22. [PMID: 37020259 PMCID: PMC10074346 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in ~ 80% of cases. METHODS We report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded. RESULTS No gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P = 1.1 × 10-4) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR = 3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P = 2.1 × 10-4). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR = 19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P = 3.4 × 10-3), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR = 4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P = 7.7 × 10-8). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD] = 43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P = 1.68 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS Rare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Matuozzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Talouarn
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Astrid Marchal
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthieu Chaldebas
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Baptiste Milisavljevic
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Takaki Asano
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Department of Paediatric Immunohematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Abou Tayoun
- Genomics Center of Excellence, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilad Alavi Darazam
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luis M Allende
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute imas12 and Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias; Health Research Institute of Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrés Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010, Medellin, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Gokhan Aytekin
- Deparment of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Immunodeficiency Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simone Bondesan
- Clinical Genomics, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Oscar Cabrera-Marante
- Institute of Biomedical Research of IdiPAZ, University Hospital "La Paz", Madrid, Spain
| | - Sheila Carcel
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paola Carrera
- Clinical Genomics, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Genome-Phenome Relationship, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Khalil Chaïbi
- Intensive Care Unit Department, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
- Common and Rare Kidney Diseases, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR-S 1155, Paris, France
| | - Roger Colobran
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Translational Immunology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Genetics Department, Immunology Division, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura E Covill
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Loubna El Zein
- Biology Department, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carlos Flores
- Genomics Division, Institute of Technology and Renewable Energies (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, University Hospital of Ntra. Sra. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health USA, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Selda Hancerli
- Department of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nevin Hatipoğlu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adem Karbuz
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Medical Faculty, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Christèle Kyheng
- Department of General Paediatrics, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rafael Leon-Lopez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Franco
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellin, 050010, Colombia
| | - Davood Mansouri
- The Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ozge Metin Akcan
- Meram Medical Faculty, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Centre de Génétique Humaine de L'Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Morelle
- Department of General Paediatrics, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Andrea Martin-Nalda
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Infection and Immunity in Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Figen Palabiyik
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, University Hospital "La Paz", Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Planas-Serra
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel E Pleguezuelo
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute imas12 and Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jacques G Rivière
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Infection and Immunity in Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Julian Rojas
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellin, 050010, Colombia
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Agatha Schlüter
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research On Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali Sobh
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Mansoura University Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Infection and Immunity in Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- Hypoxia and Lung, INSERM U1272, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Imran Tipu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jesus Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diederik van de Beek
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pawel Zawadzki
- Gordion Bioscience Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Saleh Zaid Al-Muhsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Faraj Alosaimi
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alsohime
- Department of Pediatrics, Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Manish J Butte
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefan N Constantinescu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- SIGN Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Brussels, Belgium
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Megan A Cooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology/Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tom Maniatis
- Zukerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology, and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alban Lermine
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia, MG2025, MG2025, Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia, MG2025, MG2025, Paris, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Evry, France
| | | | | | - France Mentre
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Tubiana
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI-Paris, Département d'immunologie Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florence Tubach
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Département de Santé Publique, Unité de Recherche Clinique PSL-CFX , CIC-1901, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Hausfater
- Emergency Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP-Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- GRC-14 BIOFAST Sorbonn Université, UMR INSERM 1135, CIMI, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Carrera P, Marzinotto I, Bonfanti R, Massimino L, Calzavara S, Favellato Μ, Jofra T, De Giglio V, Bonura C, Stabilini A, Favalli V, Bondesan S, Cicalese MP, Laurenzi A, Caretto A, Frontino G, Rigamonti A, Molinari C, Scavini M, Sandullo F, Zapparoli E, Caridi N, Bonfiglio S, Castorani V, Ungaro F, Petrelli A, Barera G, Aiuti A, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Piemonti L, Lampasona V, Fousteri G. Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of islet autoimmunity at disease onset. Diabetologia 2023; 66:695-708. [PMID: 36692510 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet autoantibodies (AAbs) are detected in >90% of individuals with clinically suspected type 1 diabetes at disease onset. A single AAb, sometimes at low titre, is often detected in some individuals, making their diagnosis uncertain. Type 1 diabetes genetic risk scores (GRS) are a useful tool for discriminating polygenic autoimmune type 1 diabetes from other types of diabetes, particularly the monogenic forms, but testing is not routinely performed in the clinic. Here, we used a type 1 diabetes GRS to screen for monogenic diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of autoimmunity, i.e. with a single AAb at disease onset. METHODS In a pilot study, we genetically screened 142 individuals with suspected type 1 diabetes, 42 of whom were AAb-negative, 27 of whom had a single AAb (single AAb-positive) and 73 of whom had multiple AAbs (multiple AAb-positive) at disease onset. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed in 41 AAb-negative participants, 26 single AAb-positive participants and 60 multiple AAb-positive participants using an analysis pipeline of more than 200 diabetes-associated genes. RESULTS The type 1 diabetes GRS was significantly lower in AAb-negative individuals than in those with a single and multiple AAbs. Pathogenetic class 4/5 variants in MODY or monogenic diabetes genes were identified in 15/41 (36.6%) AAb-negative individuals, while class 3 variants of unknown significance were identified in 17/41 (41.5%). Residual C-peptide levels at diagnosis were higher in individuals with mutations compared to those without pathogenetic variants. Class 3 variants of unknown significance were found in 11/26 (42.3%) single AAb-positive individuals, and pathogenetic class 4/5 variants were present in 2/26 (7.7%) single AAb-positive individuals. No pathogenetic class 4/5 variants were identified in multiple AAb-positive individuals, but class 3 variants of unknown significance were identified in 19/60 (31.7%) patients. Several patients across the three groups had more than one class 3 variant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings provide insights into the genetic makeup of patients who show weak evidence of autoimmunity at disease onset. Absence of islet AAbs or the presence of a single AAb together with a low type 1 diabetes GRS may be indicative of a monogenic form of diabetes, and use of NGS may improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Carrera
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Calzavara
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Jofra
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Clara Bonura
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Stabilini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Favalli
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Bondesan
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Caretto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Molinari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Scavini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sandullo
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Caridi
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federica Ungaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Graziano Barera
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Telethon, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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23
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Kajaste-Rudnitski A, Aiuti A. Towards improved yet regulated gene therapy for X-CGD. Blood 2023; 141:966-967. [PMID: 36862435 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
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24
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Fox T, Bueren J, Candotti F, Fischer A, Aiuti A, Lankester A, Booth C. Access to gene therapy for rare diseases when commercialization is not fit for purpose. Nat Med 2023; 29:518-519. [PMID: 36782029 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fox
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Juan Bueren
- Biomedical Innovation Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) and IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabio Candotti
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Lausanne and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Arjan Lankester
- Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Claire Booth
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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25
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Crippa S, Conti A, Vavassori V, Ferrari S, Beretta S, Rivis S, Bosotti R, Scala S, Pirroni S, Jofra-Hernandez R, Santi L, Basso-Ricci L, Merelli I, Genovese P, Aiuti A, Naldini L, Di Micco R, Bernardo ME. Mesenchymal stromal cells improve the transplantation outcome of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-edited human HSPCs. Mol Ther 2023; 31:230-248. [PMID: 35982622 PMCID: PMC9840125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been employed in vitro to support hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion and in vivo to promote HSPC engraftment. Based on these studies, we developed an MSC-based co-culture system to optimize the transplantation outcome of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 gene-edited (GE) human HSPCs. We show that bone marrow (BM)-MSCs produce several hematopoietic supportive and anti-inflammatory factors capable of alleviating the proliferation arrest and mitigating the apoptotic and inflammatory programs activated in GE-HSPCs, improving their expansion and clonogenic potential in vitro. The use of BM-MSCs resulted in superior human engraftment and increased clonal output of GE-HSPCs contributing to the early phase of hematological reconstitution in the peripheral blood of transplanted mice. In conclusion, our work poses the biological bases for a novel clinical use of BM-MSCs to promote engraftment of GE-HSPCs and improve their transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Anastasia Conti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vavassori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Ferrari
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Beretta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Rivis
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, VIB-KULeuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Bosotti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Raisa Jofra-Hernandez
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Santi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; National Research Council, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Genovese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (")Vita Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (")Vita Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (")Vita Salute" San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
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26
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Matuozzo D, Talouarn E, Marchal A, Manry J, Seeleuthner Y, Zhang Y, Bolze A, Chaldebas M, Milisavljevic B, Zhang P, Gervais A, Bastard P, Asano T, Bizien L, Barzaghi F, Abolhassani H, Tayoun AA, Aiuti A, Darazam IA, Allende LM, Alonso-Arias R, Arias AA, Aytekin G, Bergman P, Bondesan S, Bryceson YT, Bustos IG, Cabrera-Marante O, Carcel S, Carrera P, Casari G, Chaïbi K, Colobran R, Condino-Neto A, Covill LE, El Zein L, Flores C, Gregersen PK, Gut M, Haerynck F, Halwani R, Hancerli S, Hammarström L, Hatipoğlu N, Karbuz A, Keles S, Kyheng C, Leon-Lopez R, Franco JL, Mansouri D, Martinez-Picado J, Akcan OM, Migeotte I, Morange PE, Morelle G, Martin-Nalda A, Novelli G, Novelli A, Ozcelik T, Palabiyik F, Pan-Hammarström Q, Pérez de Diego R, Planas-Serra L, Pleguezuelo DE, Prando C, Pujol A, Reyes LF, Rivière JG, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Rojas J, Rovere-Querini P, Schlüter A, Shahrooei M, Sobh A, Soler-Palacin P, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Tipu I, Tresoldi C, Troya J, van de Beek D, Zatz M, Zawadzki P, Al-Muhsen SZ, Baris-Feldman H, Butte MJ, Constantinescu SN, Cooper MA, Dalgard CL, Fellay J, Heath JR, Lau YL, Lifton RP, Maniatis T, Mogensen TH, von Bernuth H, Lermine A, Vidaud M, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Nussbaum R, Kahn-Kirby A, Mentre F, Tubiana S, Gorochov G, Tubach F, Hausfater P, Meyts I, Zhang SY, Puel A, Notarangelo LD, Boisson-Dupuis S, Su HC, Boisson B, Jouanguy E, Casanova JL, Zhang Q, Abel L, Cobat A. Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19. medRxiv 2022:2022.10.22.22281221. [PMID: 36324795 PMCID: PMC9628204 DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.22.22281221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background We previously reported inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity in 1-5% of unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and auto-antibodies against type I IFN in another 15-20% of cases. Methods We report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3,269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19 (1,301 previously reported and 1,968 new patients), and 1,373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. A quarter of the patients tested had antibodies against type I IFN (234 of 928) and were excluded from the analysis. Results No gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7 , with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI:1.5-528.7, P= 1.1×10 -4 ), in analyses restricted to biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR=3.70 [95%CI:1.3-8.2], P= 2.1×10 -4 ). Adding the recently reported TYK2 COVID-19 locus strengthened this enrichment, particularly under a recessive model (OR=19.65 [95%CI:2.1-2635.4]; P= 3.4×10 -3 ). When these 14 loci and TLR7 were considered, all individuals hemizygous ( n =20) or homozygous ( n =5) for pLOF or bLOF variants were patients (OR=39.19 [95%CI:5.2-5037.0], P =4.7×10 -7 ), who also showed an enrichment in heterozygous variants (OR=2.36 [95%CI:1.0-5.9], P =0.02). Finally, the patients with pLOF or bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD]=43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P= 1.68×10 -5 ). Conclusions Rare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old.
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27
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Montaldo E, Lusito E, Bianchessi V, Caronni N, Scala S, Basso-Ricci L, Cantaffa C, Masserdotti A, Barilaro M, Barresi S, Genua M, Vittoria FM, Barbiera G, Lazarevic D, Messina C, Xue E, Marktel S, Tresoldi C, Milani R, Ronchi P, Gattillo S, Santoleri L, Di Micco R, Ditadi A, Belfiori G, Aleotti F, Naldini MM, Gentner B, Gardiman E, Tamassia N, Cassatella MA, Hidalgo A, Kwok I, Ng LG, Crippa S, Falconi M, Pettinella F, Scapini P, Naldini L, Ciceri F, Aiuti A, Ostuni R. Cellular and transcriptional dynamics of human neutrophils at steady state and upon stress. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1470-1483. [PMID: 36138183 PMCID: PMC7615267 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally viewed as poorly plastic, neutrophils are now recognized as functionally diverse; however, the extent and determinants of neutrophil heterogeneity in humans remain unclear. We performed a comprehensive immunophenotypic and transcriptome analysis, at a bulk and single-cell level, of neutrophils from healthy donors and patients undergoing stress myelopoiesis upon exposure to growth factors, transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC-T), development of pancreatic cancer and viral infection. We uncover an extreme diversity of human neutrophils in vivo, reflecting the rates of cell mobilization, differentiation and exposure to environmental signals. Integrated control of developmental and inducible transcriptional programs linked flexible granulopoietic outputs with elicitation of stimulus-specific functional responses. In this context, we detected an acute interferon (IFN) response in the blood of patients receiving HSC-T that was mirrored by marked upregulation of IFN-stimulated genes in neutrophils but not in monocytes. Systematic characterization of human neutrophil plasticity may uncover clinically relevant biomarkers and support the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Montaldo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Lusito
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianchessi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Caronni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scala
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Basso-Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Cantaffa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Masserdotti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Barilaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Barresi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Genua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Vittoria
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Barbiera
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Omics Sciences (COSR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Messina
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Xue
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Molecular Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Milani
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Ronchi
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gattillo
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Santoleri
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ditadi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Belfiori
- Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Aleotti
- Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Maria Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Gardiman
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefano Crippa
- Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Falconi
- Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Pettinella
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Scapini
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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28
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Barzaghi F, Cicalese MP, Zoccolillo M, Brigida I, Barcella M, Merelli I, Sartirana C, Zanussi M, Calbi V, Bernardo ME, Tucci F, Migliavacca M, Giglio F, Doglio M, Canarutto D, Ferrua F, Consiglieri G, Prunotto G, Saettini F, Bonanomi S, Rovere-Querini P, Di Colo G, Jofra T, Fousteri G, Penco F, Gattorno M, Hershfield MS, Bongiovanni L, Ponzoni M, Marktel S, Milani R, Peccatori J, Ciceri F, Mortellaro A, Aiuti A. Case Report: Consistent disease manifestations with a staggered time course in two identical twins affected by adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency. Front Immunol 2022; 13:910021. [PMID: 36248833 PMCID: PMC9557171 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.910021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is an autosomal recessive disease associated with a highly variable clinical presentation, including vasculitis, immunodeficiency, and hematologic manifestations, potentially progressing over time. The present study describes the long-term evolution of the immuno-hematological features and therapeutic challenge of two identical adult twin sisters affected by DADA2. The absence of plasmatic adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2) activity in both twins suggested the diagnosis of DADA2, then confirmed by genetic analysis. Exon sequencing revealed a missense (p.Leu188Pro) mutation on the paternal ADA2 allele. While, whole genome sequencing identified an unreported deletion (IVS6_IVS7del*) on the maternal allele predicted to produce a transcript missing exon 7. The patients experienced the disease onset during childhood with early strokes (Patient 1 at two years, Patient 2 at eight years of age), subsequently followed by other shared DADA2-associated features, including neutropenia, hypogammaglobulinemia, reduced switched memory B cells, inverted CD4:CD8 ratio, increased naïve T cells, reduced follicular regulatory T cells, the almost complete absence of NK cells, T-large granular cell leukemia, and osteoporosis. Disease evolution differed: clinical manifestations presented several years earlier and were more pronounced in Patient 1 than in Patient 2. Due to G-CSF refractory life-threatening neutropenia, Patient 1 successfully underwent an urgent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a 9/10 matched unrelated donor. Patient 2 experienced a similar, although delayed, disease evolution and is currently on anti-TNF therapy and anti-infectious prophylaxis. The unique cases confirmed that heterozygous patients with null ADA2 activity deserve deep investigation for possible structural variants on a single allele. Moreover, this report emphasizes the importance of timely recognizing DADA2 at the onset to allow adequate follow-up and detection of disease progression. Finally, the therapeutic management in these identical twins raises significant concerns as they share a similar phenotype, with a delayed but almost predictable disease evolution in one of them, who could benefit from a prompt definitive treatment like elective allogeneic HSCT. Additional data are required to assess whether the absence of enzymatic activity at diagnosis is associated with hematological involvement and is also predictive of bone marrow dysfunction, encouraging early HSCT to improve functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Zoccolillo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Immacolata Brigida
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | - Claudia Sartirana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Zanussi
- Clinical Genomics-Molecular Genetics Service, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Donato, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Giglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Doglio
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Canarutto
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Prunotto
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department of Milano-Bicocca University, Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Saettini
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department of Milano-Bicocca University, Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonanomi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department of Milano-Bicocca University, Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma Foundation, Monza, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Internal Medicine, Diabetes, and Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Colo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Disease Unit, IRCCS San Rafaelle Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatiana Jofra
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Penco
- Clinica Pediatrica – Reumatologia e Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Clinica Pediatrica – Reumatologia e Centro Malattie Autoinfiammatorie, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Michael S. Hershfield
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lucia Bongiovanni
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Milani
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Mortellaro,
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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29
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Di Lorenzo B, Pacillo L, Milardi G, Jofra T, Di Cesare S, Gerosa J, Marzinotto I, Zapparoli E, Rivalta B, Cifaldi C, Barzaghi F, Giancotta C, Zangari P, Rapini N, Deodati A, Amodio G, Passerini L, Carrera P, Gregori S, Palma P, Finocchi A, Lampasona V, Cicalese MP, Schiaffini R, Di Matteo G, Merelli I, Barcella M, Aiuti A, Piemonti L, Cancrini C, Fousteri G. Natural history of type 1 diabetes on an immunodysregulatory background with genetic alteration in B-cell activating factor receptor: A case report. Front Immunol 2022; 13:952715. [PMID: 36090979 PMCID: PMC9459137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.952715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological events leading to type 1 diabetes (T1D) are complex and heterogeneous, underscoring the necessity to study rare cases to improve our understanding. Here, we report the case of a 16-year-old patient who showed glycosuria during a regular checkup. Upon further evaluation, stage 2 T1D, autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP), and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) were diagnosed. The patient underwent low carb diet, losing > 8 kg, and was placed on Ig replacement therapy. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (Rituximab, RTX) was administered 2 years after diagnosis to treat peripheral polyneuropathy, whereas an atypical mycobacteriosis manifested 4 years after diagnosis and was managed with prolonged antibiotic treatment. In the fifth year of monitoring, the patient progressed to insulin dependency despite ZnT8A autoantibody resolution and IA-2A and GADA autoantibody decline. The patient had low T1D genetic risk score (GRS = 0.22817) and absence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR3/DR4-DQ8. Genetic analysis identified the monoallelic mutation H159Y in TNFRSF13C, a gene encoding B-cell activating factor receptor (BAFFR). Significant reduced blood B-cell numbers and BAFFR levels were observed in line with a dysregulation in BAFF–BAFFR signaling. The elevated frequency of PD-1+ dysfunctional Tfh cells composed predominantly by Th1 phenotype was observed at disease onset and during follow-up. This case report describes a patient progressing to T1D on a BAFFR-mediated immunodysregulatory background, suggesting a role of BAFF–BAFFR signaling in islet-specific tolerance and T1D progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Di Lorenzo
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Pacillo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Milardi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatiana Jofra
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jolanda Gerosa
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rivalta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cifaldi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmela Giancotta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Zangari
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Novella Rapini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Deodati
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Amodio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Passerini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Carrera
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis and Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Schiaffini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Gigliola Di Matteo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute for Biomedical Technologies National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute for Biomedical Technologies National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Aiuti, ; Caterina Cancrini, ; Georgia Fousteri, ; Lorenzo Piemonti,
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Aiuti, ; Caterina Cancrini, ; Georgia Fousteri, ; Lorenzo Piemonti,
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesú Children’s Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Aiuti, ; Caterina Cancrini, ; Georgia Fousteri, ; Lorenzo Piemonti,
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandro Aiuti, ; Caterina Cancrini, ; Georgia Fousteri, ; Lorenzo Piemonti,
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30
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Aiuti A, Pasinelli F, Naldini L. Ensuring a future for gene therapy for rare diseases. Nat Med 2022; 28:1985-1988. [PMID: 35970921 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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31
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Migliavacca M, Basso Ricci L, Farinelli G, Calbi V, Tucci F, Barzaghi F, Ferrua F, Cicalese MP, Darin S, Barzaghi LR, Giglio F, Peccatori J, Fumagalli F, Nicoletti R, Giannelli S, Sartirana C, Bandiera A, Esposito M, Milani R, Mazzi B, Finocchi A, Marktel S, Assanelli A, Locatelli F, Ciceri F, Aiuti A, Bernardo ME. A Novel Assay in Whole Blood Demonstrates Restoration of Mitochondrial Activity in Phagocytes After Successful HSCT in Hyperinflamed X-Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1742-1747. [PMID: 35945378 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
X-linked chronic granulomatous disease is a rare disease caused by mutations in the CYBB gene. While more extensive knowledge is available on genetics, pathogenesis, and possible therapeutic options, mitochondrial activity and its implications on patient monitoring are still not well-characterized. We have developed a novel protocol to study mitochondrial activity on whole blood of XCGD patients before and after transplantation, as well as on XCGD carriers. Here we present results of these analyses and of the restoration of mitochondrial activity in hyperinflamed X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Moreover, we show a strong direct correlation between mitochondrial activity, chimerism, and DHR monitored before and after transplantation and in XCGD carriers. In conclusion, based on these findings, we suggest testing this new ready-to-use marker to better characterize patients before and after treatment and to investigate disease expression in carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Basso Ricci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Calbi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Giglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Fumagalli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Nicoletti
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Giannelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Sartirana
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Raffaella Milani
- Cytometry Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzi
- HLA Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- Department of Paediatrics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù and University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Assanelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Onco-Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy. .,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. .,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Paediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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32
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Conti F, Pacillo L, Amodio D, Rivalta B, Moratti M, Campoli C, Zama D, Corsini I, Giancotta C, Bernardi S, Naviglio S, Cicalese MP, Rabusin M, Aiuti A, Cancrini C, Lanari M, Viale P, Palma P, Pession A, Finocchi A. SARS-CoV-2 infection and treatment in a cohort of patients with inborn errors of immunity. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13833. [PMID: 36003051 PMCID: PMC9538295 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Conti
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Pacillo
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Amodio
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rivalta
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Moratti
- Specialty School of Paediatrics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Campoli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Zama
- Paediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corsini
- Paediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela Giancotta
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Bernardi
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Samuele Naviglio
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) and Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Rabusin
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) and Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Lanari
- Paediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Viale
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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33
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Chiriaco M, Ursu GM, Amodio D, Cotugno N, Volpi S, Berardinelli F, Pizzi S, Cifaldi C, Zoccolillo M, Prigione I, Di Cesare S, Giancotta C, Anastasio E, Rivalta B, Pacillo L, Zangari P, Fiocchi AG, Diociaiuti A, Bruselles A, Pantaleoni F, Ciolfi A, D’Oria V, Palumbo G, Gattorno M, El Hachem M, de Villartay JP, Finocchi A, Palma P, Rossi P, Tartaglia M, Aiuti A, Antoccia A, Di Matteo G, Cancrini C. Radiosensitivity in patients affected by ARPC1B deficiency: a new disease trait? Front Immunol 2022; 13:919237. [PMID: 35967303 PMCID: PMC9372879 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B (ARPC1B) deficiency is a recently described inborn error of immunity (IEI) presenting with combined immunodeficiency and characterized by recurrent infections and thrombocytopenia. Manifestations of immune dysregulation, including colitis, vasculitis, and severe dermatitis, associated with eosinophilia, hyper-IgA, and hyper-IgE are also described in ARPC1B-deficient patients. To date, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation seems to be the only curative option for patients. ARPC1B is part of the actin-related protein 2/3 complex (Arp2/3) and cooperates with the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton remodeling and in driving double-strand break clustering for homology-directed repair. In this study, we aimed to investigate radiosensitivity (RS) in ARPC1B-deficient patients to assess whether it can be considered an additional disease trait. First, we performed trio-based next-generation-sequencing studies to obtain the ARPC1B molecular diagnosis in our index case characterized by increased RS, and then we confirmed, using three different methods, an increment of radiosensitivity in all enrolled ARPC1B-deficient patients. In particular, higher levels of chromatid-type aberrations and γH2AX foci, with an increased number of cells arrested in the G2/M-phase of the cell cycle, were found in patients’ cells after ionizing radiation exposition and radiomimetic bleomycin treatment. Overall, our data suggest increased radiosensitivity as an additional trait in ARPC1B deficiency and support the necessity to investigate this feature in ARPC1B patients as well as in other IEI with cytoskeleton defects to address specific clinical follow-up and optimize therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiriaco
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgiana Madalina Ursu
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Amodio
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Cotugno
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Berardinelli
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopment, Neurogenetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cifaldi
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Zoccolillo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ignazia Prigione
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Giancotta
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Anastasio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Pediatrics Unit, University “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rivalta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Pacillo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Zangari
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro G. Fiocchi
- Pediatric Allergology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Diociaiuti
- Dermatology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pantaleoni
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina D’Oria
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palumbo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Haematology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini and University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maya El Hachem
- Dermatology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre de Villartay
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory “Genome Dynamics in the Immune System”, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Rossi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gigliola Di Matteo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gigliola Di Matteo, ; Caterina Cancrini, ;
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Academic department of Pediatrics, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gigliola Di Matteo, ; Caterina Cancrini, ;
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Milardi G, Di Lorenzo B, Gerosa J, Barzaghi F, Di Matteo G, Omrani M, Jofra T, Merelli I, Barcella M, Filippini M, Conti A, Ferrua F, Pozzo Giuffrida F, Dionisio F, Rovere‐Querini P, Marktel S, Assanelli A, Piemontese S, Brigida I, Zoccolillo M, Cirillo E, Giardino G, Danieli MG, Specchia F, Pacillo L, Di Cesare S, Giancotta C, Romano F, Matarese A, Chetta AA, Trimarchi M, Laurenzi A, De Pellegrin M, Darin S, Montin D, Marinoni M, Dellepiane RM, Sordi V, Lougaris V, Vacca A, Melzi R, Nano R, Azzari C, Bongiovanni L, Pignata C, Cancrini C, Plebani A, Piemonti L, Petrovas C, Di Micco R, Ponzoni M, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP, Fousteri G. Follicular helper T cell signature of replicative exhaustion, apoptosis, and senescence in common variable immunodeficiency. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1171-1189. [PMID: 35562849 PMCID: PMC9542315 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary antibody deficiency whereby follicular helper T (Tfh) cells fail to establish productive responses with B cells in germinal centers. Here, we analyzed the frequency, phenotype, transcriptome, and function of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells in CVID patients displaying autoimmunity as an additional phenotype. A group of patients showed a high frequency of cTfh1 cells and a prominent expression of PD-1 and ICOS as well as a cTfh mRNA signature consistent with highly activated, but exhausted, senescent, and apoptotic cells. Plasmatic CXCL13 levels were elevated in this group and positively correlated with cTfh1 cell frequency and PD-1 levels. Monoallelic variants in RTEL1, a telomere length- and DNA repair-related gene, were identified in four patients belonging to this group. Their blood lymphocytes showed shortened telomeres, while their cTfh were more prone to apoptosis. These data point toward a novel pathogenetic mechanism in CVID, whereby alterations in DNA repair and telomere elongation might predispose to antibody deficiency. A Th1, highly activated but exhausted and apoptotic cTfh phenotype was associated with this form of CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Milardi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Biagio Di Lorenzo
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Jolanda Gerosa
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Gigliola Di Matteo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Maryam Omrani
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Department of Computer Science, Systems and Communication, University of Milano‐BicoccaPiazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1Milan20126Italy
| | - Tatiana Jofra
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Ivan Merelli
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Department of BioinformaticsInstitute for Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research CouncilVia Fratelli Cervi 93Segrate20090Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Matteo Filippini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Anastasia Conti
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Francesco Pozzo Giuffrida
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Francesca Dionisio
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere‐Querini
- Department of ImmunologyTransplantation and Infectious DiseasesIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Andrea Assanelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Simona Piemontese
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Immacolata Brigida
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Matteo Zoccolillo
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II University of NaplesCorso Umberto I, 40, 80138Italy
| | - Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II University of NaplesCorso Umberto I, 40, 80138Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Danieli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular SciencesMarche Polytechnic University of AnconaClinica MedicaVia Tronto 10/aAncona60126Italy
| | - Fernando Specchia
- Department of PediatricsS. Orsola‐Malpighi HospitalUniversity of BolognaVia Giuseppe Massarenti 9Bologna40138Italy
| | - Lucia Pacillo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Carmela Giancotta
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Francesca Romano
- Pediatric Immunology DivisionDepartment of PediatricsAnna Meyer Children's University HospitalViale Gaetano Pieraccini 24Florence50139Italy
| | - Alessandro Matarese
- Department of Respiratory MedicineSanti AntonioBiagio and Cesare Arrigo HospitalVia Venezia 16Alessandria15121Italy
| | - Alfredo Antonio Chetta
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryRespiratory Disease and Lung Function UnitUniversity of ParmaStr. dell'Università 12Parma43121Italy
| | - Matteo Trimarchi
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Head and Neck Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Maurizio De Pellegrin
- Unit of Orthopaedics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Davide Montin
- Department of Pediatrics and Public HealthRegina Margherita HospitalPiazza Polonia 94Turin10126Italy
| | - Maddalena Marinoni
- Pediatric UnitOspedale “F. Del Ponte”Via Filippo del Ponte 19Varese21100Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Dellepiane
- Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoUniversity of MilanVia Francesco Sforza 35Milan20122Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesPediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. NocivelliUniversity of BresciaPiazza del Mercato 15Brescia25121Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human OncologyUniversity of Bari Medical SchoolPiazza Umberto I, 1Bari70121Italy
| | - Raffaella Melzi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Rita Nano
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Chiara Azzari
- Pediatric Immunology DivisionDepartment of PediatricsAnna Meyer Children's University HospitalViale Gaetano Pieraccini 24Florence50139Italy
| | - Lucia Bongiovanni
- Pathology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical SciencesSection of PediatricsFederico II University of NaplesCorso Umberto I, 40, 80138Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor VergataVia Cracovia 50Rome00133Italy
- Immune and Infectious Diseases Division, Research Unit of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Academic Department of PediatricsBambino Gesù Children's HospitalIRCCSPiazza di Sant'Onofrio 4Rome00165Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental SciencesPediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. NocivelliUniversity of BresciaPiazza del Mercato 15Brescia25121Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Tissue Analysis Core, Immunology LaboratoryVaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health9000 Rockville PikeBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
- Pathogenesis and therapy of primary immunodeficiencies UnitSan Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene TherapySr‐TIGETIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious DiseasesDiabetes Research InstituteIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan20132Italy
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Consiglieri G, Bernardo ME, Brunetti-Pierri N, Aiuti A. Ex Vivo and In Vivo Gene Therapy for Mucopolysaccharidoses: State of the Art. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2022; 36:865-878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Manry J, Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Rosain J, Philippot Q, Michailidis E, Hoffmann HH, Eto S, Garcia-Prat M, Bizien L, Parra-Martínez A, Yang R, Haljasmägi L, Migaud M, Särekannu K, Maslovskaja J, de Prost N, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Luyt CE, Amador-Borrero B, Gaudet A, Poissy J, Morel P, Richard P, Cognasse F, Troya J, Trouillet-Assant S, Belot A, Saker K, Garçon P, Rivière JG, Lagier JC, Gentile S, Rosen LB, Shaw E, Morio T, Tanaka J, Dalmau D, Tharaux PL, Sene D, Stepanian A, Mégarbane B, Triantafyllia V, Fekkar A, Heath JR, Franco JL, Anaya JM, Solé-Violán J, Imberti L, Biondi A, Bonfanti P, Castagnoli R, Delmonte OM, Zhang Y, Snow AL, Holland SM, Biggs CM, Moncada-Vélez M, Arias AA, Lorenzo L, Boucherit S, Anglicheau D, Planas AM, Haerynck F, Duvlis S, Ozcelik T, Keles S, Bousfiha AA, El Bakkouri J, Ramirez-Santana C, Paul S, Pan-Hammarström Q, Hammarström L, Dupont A, Kurolap A, Metz CN, Aiuti A, Casari G, Lampasona V, Ciceri F, Barreiros LA, Dominguez-Garrido E, Vidigal M, Zatz M, van de Beek D, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Stepanovskyy Y, Boyarchuk O, Nukui Y, Tsumura M, Vidaur L, Tangye SG, Burrel S, Duffy D, Quintana-Murci L, Klocperk A, Kann NY, Shcherbina A, Lau YL, Leung D, Coulongeat M, Marlet J, Koning R, Reyes LF, Chauvineau-Grenier A, Venet F, Monneret G, Nussenzweig MC, Arrestier R, Boudhabhay I, Baris-Feldman H, Hagin D, Wauters J, Meyts I, Dyer AH, Kennelly SP, Bourke NM, Halwani R, Sharif-Askari FS, Dorgham K, Sallette J, Sedkaoui SM, AlKhater S, Rigo-Bonnin R, Morandeira F, Roussel L, Vinh DC, Erikstrup C, Condino-Neto A, Prando C, Bondarenko A, Spaan AN, Gilardin L, Fellay J, Lyonnet S, Bilguvar K, Lifton RP, Mane S, Anderson MS, Boisson B, Béziat V, Zhang SY, Andreakos E, Hermine O, Pujol A, Peterson P, Mogensen TH, Rowen L, Mond J, Debette S, de Lamballerie X, Burdet C, Bouadma L, Zins M, Soler-Palacin P, Colobran R, Gorochov G, Solanich X, Susen S, Martinez-Picado J, Raoult D, Vasse M, Gregersen PK, Piemonti L, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Notarangelo LD, Su HC, Kisand K, Okada S, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Rice CM, Tiberghien P, Zhang Q, Casanova JL, Abel L, Cobat A. The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200413119. [PMID: 35576468 PMCID: PMC9173764 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200413119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection fatality rate (IFR) doubles with every 5 y of age from childhood onward. Circulating autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α, IFN-ω, and/or IFN-β are found in ∼20% of deceased patients across age groups, and in ∼1% of individuals aged <70 y and in >4% of those >70 y old in the general population. With a sample of 1,261 unvaccinated deceased patients and 34,159 individuals of the general population sampled before the pandemic, we estimated both IFR and relative risk of death (RRD) across age groups for individuals carrying autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs, relative to noncarriers. The RRD associated with any combination of autoantibodies was higher in subjects under 70 y old. For autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, the RRDs were 17.0 (95% CI: 11.7 to 24.7) and 5.8 (4.5 to 7.4) for individuals <70 y and ≥70 y old, respectively, whereas, for autoantibodies neutralizing both molecules, the RRDs were 188.3 (44.8 to 774.4) and 7.2 (5.0 to 10.3), respectively. In contrast, IFRs increased with age, ranging from 0.17% (0.12 to 0.31) for individuals <40 y old to 26.7% (20.3 to 35.2) for those ≥80 y old for autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, and from 0.84% (0.31 to 8.28) to 40.5% (27.82 to 61.20) for autoantibodies neutralizing both. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs increase IFRs, and are associated with high RRDs, especially when neutralizing both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω. Remarkably, IFRs increase with age, whereas RRDs decrease with age. Autoimmunity to type I IFNs is a strong and common predictor of COVID-19 death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shohei Eto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Marina Garcia-Prat
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alba Parra-Martínez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Liis Haljasmägi
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Karita Särekannu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nicolas de Prost
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Cardiovascular and Respiratory Manifestations of Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis (CARMAS), Faculté de santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- Hypoxia and Lung, INSERM U1272, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 93022 Bobigny, France
| | - Charles-Edouard Luyt
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMRS 1166-iCAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Blanca Amador-Borrero
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Gaudet
- INSERM U1019–CNRS UMR9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, de Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Poissy
- INSERM U1019–CNRS UMR9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, de Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascal Morel
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 93218 La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur et Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique (RIGHT), INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Pascale Richard
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 93218 La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- Santé Ingéniérie Biologie St-Etienne (SAINBIOSE), INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jesús Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), 69365 Lyon, France
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-BioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), 69365 Lyon, France
- National Referee Centre for Rheumatic, and Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children, 69000 Lyon, France
- Immunopathology Federation Lyon Immunopathology Federation (LIFE), Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Kahina Saker
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), 69365 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Garçon
- Intensive Care Unit, Grand Hôpital de l’Est Francilien Site de Marne-La-Vallée, 77600 Jossigny, France
| | - Jacques G. Rivière
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Gentile
- Service d’Evaluation Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine, EA 3279, Centre d'Études et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie (CEReSS)–Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Lindsey B. Rosen
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Elana Shaw
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - David Dalmau
- Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa, Universitat de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mutua Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), INSERM, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Damien Sene
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alain Stepanian
- Service d’Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- EA3518, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie-Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Mégarbane
- Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Hôpital Lariboisière Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM, UMRS-1144, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Vasiliki Triantafyllia
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - José Luis Franco
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, 110111 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CHemato-oncology Research Laboratory of Associazione italiana contro le leucemie-linfomi e mieloma, Diagnostic Departement, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale, Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, European Reference Network for Rare Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza Brianza Bambino Mamma (MBBM), Ospedale San Gerardo, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ottavia M. Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrew L. Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Steven M. Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Catherine M. Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
| | - Marcela Moncada-Vélez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Andrés Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellin, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellin, Colombia
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Soraya Boucherit
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75743 Paris, France
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151–CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna M. Planas
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Spanish National Research Council, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University “Goce Delchev,” Štip 2000, Republic of North Macedonia
- Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia, Skopje 1000, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080 Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmed A. Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire Ibn Roucshd, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie (LICIA), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, 20250 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Jalila El Bakkouri
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire Ibn Roucshd, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie (LICIA), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, 20250 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Carolina Ramirez-Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, 111211 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Department of Immunology, CIC1408, Groupe sur l’Immunité des Muqueuses et des Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP) Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University Hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- University of Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute and Genomics Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Christine N. Metz
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, and Clinical Genomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, and Clinical Genomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Lucila A. Barreiros
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-060 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mayana Zatz
- University of São Paulo, 05508-060 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diederik van de Beek
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Oksana Boyarchuk
- Department of Children’s Diseases and Pediatric Surgery, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46022 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tsumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Loreto Vidaur
- Intensive Care Medicine, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia Institute of Donostia, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stuart G. Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NWS 2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NWS 2010, Australia
| | - Sonia Burrel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 2000, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Adam Klocperk
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital in Motol, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nelli Y. Kann
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia 117997
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia 117997
| | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Daniel Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Matthieu Coulongeat
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Tours University Medical Center, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Julien Marlet
- INSERM U1259, Morphogenèse et Antigénicité du VIH et des Virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH), Université de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Rutger Koning
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Universidad de La Sabana, 250001 Chía, Colombia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clínica Universidad de La Sabana, 250001 Chía, Colombia
| | | | - Fabienne Venet
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69007 Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, BioMérieux, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, BioMérieux, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Michel C. Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- HHMI, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Romain Arrestier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Cardiovascular and Respiratory Manifestations of Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis (CARMAS), Faculté de santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Idris Boudhabhay
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75743 Paris, France
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151–CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- The Genetics Institute and Genomics Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Hagin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joost Wauters
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Network Center, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adam H. Dyer
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24 NR0A, Ireland
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland
| | - Sean P. Kennelly
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24 NR0A, Ireland
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland
| | - Nollaig M. Bourke
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Immunology Research Lab, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 11362 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Suzan AlKhater
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al Khobar 34445, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raúl Rigo-Bonnin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Morandeira
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Donald C. Vinh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-060 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, 80250-200 Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - András N. Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Gilardin
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Universitaire Jean-Verdier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 93140 Bondy, France
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Medical Genetics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, 34750 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Richard P. Lifton
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Spanish National Research Council, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark S. Anderson
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) U759, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Trine H. Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lee Rowen
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109
| | | | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bordeaux University Hospital, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Unité des Virus Émergents, Aix-Marseille University, Institut pour la Recherche et le Développment (IRD) 190, INSERM 1207, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Charles Burdet
- Epidémiologie clinique du Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-EP), INSERM CIC 1425, Hôpital Bichat, 75018 Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution (IAME), UMR 1137, INSERM, 75870 Paris, France
- Département Epidémiologie, Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- Université de Paris, Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution (IAME), UMR 1137, INSERM, 75870 Paris, France
- Service de Réanimation Médicale et des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Nord Université de Paris, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Marie Zins
- Cohorte Constances Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Colobran
- Immunology Division, Genetics Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
- Département d’Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophie Susen
- University of Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Didier Raoult
- Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Vasse
- Service de Biologie Clinique and UMR-S 1176, Hôpital Foch, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Peter K. Gregersen
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 93218 La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur et Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique (RIGHT), INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- HHMI, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
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Lucchese A, Cenciarelli S, Manuelli M, Marcolina M, Barzaghi F, Calbi V, Migliavacca M, Bernardo ME, Tucci F, Gallo V, Fraschetta F, Darin S, Casiraghi M, Aiuti A, Ferrua F, Cicalese MP. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: Oral findings and microbiota in children and review of the literature. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:28-36. [PMID: 35199474 PMCID: PMC8874040 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X‐linked primary immunodeficiency, characterized by micro‐thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, and eczema. This study aims to describe common oral manifestations and evaluate oral microbioma of WAS patients. Material and methods In this cohort study, 11 male WAS patients and 16 male healthy controls were evaluated in our Center between 2010 and 2018. Data about clinical history, oral examination, Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) were collected from both groups. Periodontal microbiological flora was evaluated on samples of the gingival sulcus. Results WAS subjects presented with premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth, inclusions, eruption disturbance, and significantly worse GI and PI. They also showed a trend toward a higher total bacterial load. Fusobacterium nucleatum, reported to contribute to periodontitis onset, was the most prevalent bacteria, together with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia. Conclusions Our data suggest that WAS patients are at greater risk of alterations in the oral cavity. The statistically higher incidence of periodontitis and the trend to higher prevalence of potentially pathological bacterial species in our small cohort, that should be confirmed in future in a larger population, underline the importance of dentistry monitoring as part of the multidisciplinary management of WAS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Lucchese
- Unit of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Orthodontics, Division of Dentistry, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Dentistry, Research Center for Oral Pathology and Implantology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Cenciarelli
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Manuelli
- Unit of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Orthodontics, Division of Dentistry, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Private Practice, Milan, Bologna, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Marcolina
- Unit of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Orthodontics, Division of Dentistry, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Fraschetta
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Darin
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Miriam Casiraghi
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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38
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Cicalese MP, Ferrua F, Barzaghi F, Cerri F, Moro M, Aiuti A, Silvani P. Third cranial nerve palsy in an 88-year-old man after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination: change of injection site and type of vaccine resulted in an uneventful second dose with humoral immune response. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/2/e246485. [PMID: 35135792 PMCID: PMC8830097 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-246485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 currently authorised by the European Medicine Agency are effective, safe and well tolerated in practice. Awareness of rare potential vaccine-related adverse effects (AEs) is important to improve their recognition, management and reporting. An 88-year-old man attended the emergency department with incomplete palsy of the right third cranial nerve 3 days after the first administration of Moderna mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Imaging ruled out a vascular accident and a vaccine AE was hypothesised. Two weeks of oral steroids led to the patient's recovery, but without evidence of humoral immune response to vaccine. Thus, full immunisation with a dose of Pfizer mRNA-BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in a different site was attempted. This was uneventful and followed by a robust antibody response. Empirical change of site and vaccine brand may represent a tailored option to obtain full immune protection in selected patients, after vaccine AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cerri
- Division of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moro
- Infection Control Committee, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy .,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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39
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Fumagalli F, Calbi V, Natali Sora MG, Sessa M, Baldoli C, Rancoita PMV, Ciotti F, Sarzana M, Fraschini M, Zambon AA, Acquati S, Redaelli D, Attanasio V, Miglietta S, De Mattia F, Barzaghi F, Ferrua F, Migliavacca M, Tucci F, Gallo V, Del Carro U, Canale S, Spiga I, Lorioli L, Recupero S, Fratini ES, Morena F, Silvani P, Calvi MR, Facchini M, Locatelli S, Corti A, Zancan S, Antonioli G, Farinelli G, Gabaldo M, Garcia-Segovia J, Schwab LC, Downey GF, Filippi M, Cicalese MP, Martino S, Di Serio C, Ciceri F, Bernardo ME, Naldini L, Biffi A, Aiuti A. Lentiviral haematopoietic stem-cell gene therapy for early-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: long-term results from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1/2 trial and expanded access. Lancet 2022; 399:372-383. [PMID: 35065785 PMCID: PMC8795071 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective treatment for metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) remains a substantial unmet medical need. In this study we investigated the safety and efficacy of atidarsagene autotemcel (arsa-cel) in patients with MLD. METHODS This study is an integrated analysis of results from a prospective, non-randomised, phase 1/2 clinical study and expanded-access frameworks. 29 paediatric patients with pre-symptomatic or early-symptomatic early-onset MLD with biochemical and molecular confirmation of diagnosis were treated with arsa-cel, a gene therapy containing an autologous haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) population transduced ex vivo with a lentiviral vector encoding human arylsulfatase A (ARSA) cDNA, and compared with an untreated natural history (NHx) cohort of 31 patients with early-onset MLD, matched by age and disease subtype. Patients were treated and followed up at Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. The coprimary efficacy endpoints were an improvement of more than 10% in total gross motor function measure score at 2 years after treatment in treated patients compared with controls, and change from baseline of total peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) ARSA activity at 2 years after treatment compared with values before treatment. This phase 1/2 study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01560182. FINDINGS At the time of analyses, 26 patients treated with arsa-cel were alive with median follow-up of 3·16 years (range 0·64-7·51). Two patients died due to disease progression and one due to a sudden event deemed unlikely to be related to treatment. After busulfan conditioning, all arsa-cel treated patients showed sustained multilineage engraftment of genetically modified HSPCs. ARSA activity in PBMCs was significantly increased above baseline 2 years after treatment by a mean 18·7-fold (95% CI 8·3-42·2; p<0·0001) in patients with the late-infantile variant and 5·7-fold (2·6-12·4; p<0·0001) in patients with the early-juvenile variant. Mean differences in total scores for gross motor function measure between treated patients and age-matched and disease subtype-matched NHx patients 2 years after treatment were significant for both patients with late-infantile MLD (66% [95% CI 48·9-82·3]) and early-juvenile MLD (42% [12·3-71·8]). Most treated patients progressively acquired motor skills within the predicted range of healthy children or had stabilised motor performance (maintaining the ability to walk). Further, most displayed normal cognitive development and prevention or delay of central and peripheral demyelination and brain atrophy throughout follow-up; treatment benefits were particularly apparent in patients treated before symptom onset. The infusion was well tolerated and there was no evidence of abnormal clonal proliferation or replication-competent lentivirus. All patients had at least one grade 3 or higher adverse event; most were related to conditioning or to background disease. The only adverse event related to arsa-cel was the transient development of anti-ARSA antibodies in four patients, which did not affect clinical outcomes. INTERPRETATION Treatment with arsa-cel resulted in sustained, clinically relevant benefits in children with early-onset MLD by preserving cognitive function and motor development in most patients, and slowing demyelination and brain atrophy. FUNDING Orchard Therapeutics, Fondazione Telethon, and GlaxoSmithKline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fumagalli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maria Sessa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Bergamo, Italy
| | - Cristina Baldoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Maria V Rancoita
- University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ciotti
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sarzana
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Fraschini
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Andrea Zambon
- Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Acquati
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Redaelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanessa Attanasio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Miglietta
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiola De Mattia
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Del Carro
- Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Canale
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Specialistic Neurological Rehabilitation, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - Ivana Spiga
- Clinical Molecular Biology Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Lorioli
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Recupero
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sophia Fratini
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Morena
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Calvi
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Facchini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Locatelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ambra Corti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Zancan
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gigliola Antonioli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Farinelli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Gabaldo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Massimo Filippi
- Units of Neurology and Neurophysiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Clelia Di Serio
- University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences (CUSSB), Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Biomedical Faculty, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Padua University and Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy; Gene Therapy Program, Dana Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Manry J, Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Rosain J, Philippot Q, Michailidis E, Hoffmann HH, Eto S, Garcia-Prat M, Bizien L, Parra-Martínez A, Yang R, Haljasmägi L, Migaud M, Särekannu K, Maslovskaja J, de Prost N, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Luyt CE, Amador-Borrero B, Gaudet A, Poissy J, Morel P, Richard P, Cognasse F, Troya J, Trouillet-Assant S, Belot A, Saker K, Garçon P, Rivière JG, Lagier JC, Gentile S, Rosen L, Shaw E, Morio T, Tanaka J, Dalmau D, Tharaux PL, Sene D, Stepanian A, Mégarbane B, Triantafyllia V, Fekkar A, Heath J, Franco J, Anaya JM, Solé-Violán J, Imberti L, Biondi A, Bonfanti P, Castagnoli R, Delmonte O, Zhang Y, Snow A, Holland S, Biggs C, Moncada-Vélez M, Arias A, Lorenzo L, Boucherit S, Anglicheau D, Planas A, Haerynck F, Duvlis S, Nussbaum R, Ozcelik T, Keles S, Bousfiha A, El Bakkouri J, Ramirez-Santana C, Paul S, Pan-Hammarstrom Q, Hammarstrom L, Dupont A, Kurolap A, Metz C, Aiuti A, Casari G, Lampasona V, Ciceri F, Barreiros L, Dominguez-Garrido E, Vidigal M, Zatz M, van de Beek D, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Stepanovskyy Y, Boyarchuk O, Nukui Y, Tsumura M, Vidaur L, Tangye S, Burrel S, Duffy D, Quintana-Murci L, Klocperk A, Kann N, Shcherbina A, Lau YL, Leung D, Coulongeat M, Marlet J, Koning R, Reyes L, Chauvineau-Grenier A, Venet F, Monneret G, Nussenzweig M, Arrestier R, Boudhabhay I, Baris-Feldman H, Hagin D, Wauters J, Meyts I, Dyer A, Kennelly S, Bourke N, Halwani R, Sharif-Askari F, Dorgham K, Sallette J, Mehlal-Sedkaoui S, AlKhater S, Rigo-Bonnin R, Morandeira F, Roussel L, Vinh D, Erikstrup C, Condino-Neto A, Prando C, Bondarenko A, Spaan A, Gilardin L, Fellay J, Lyonnet S, Bilguvar K, Lifton R, Mane S, Anderson M, Boisson B, Béziat V, Zhang SY, Andreakos E, Hermine O, Pujol A, Peterson P, Mogensen TH, Rowen L, Mond J, Debette S, deLamballerie X, Burdet C, Bouadma L, Zins M, Soler-Palacin P, Colobran R, Gorochov G, Solanich X, Susen S, Martinez-Picado J, Raoult D, Vasse M, Gregersen P, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Piemonti L, Notarangelo L, Su H, Kisand K, Okada S, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Rice C, Tiberghien P, Zhang Q, Casanova JL, Abel L, Cobat A. The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age-dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies. Res Sq 2022:rs.3.rs-1225906. [PMID: 35043109 PMCID: PMC8764723 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1225906/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate (IFR) doubles with every five years of age from childhood onward. Circulating autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α, IFN-ω, and/or IFN-β are found in ~20% of deceased patients across age groups. In the general population, they are found in ~1% of individuals aged 20-70 years and in >4% of those >70 years old. With a sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 uninfected individuals, we estimated both IFR and relative risk of death (RRD) across age groups for individuals carrying autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs, relative to non-carriers. For autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, the RRD was 17.0[95% CI:11.7-24.7] for individuals under 70 years old and 5.8[4.5-7.4] for individuals aged 70 and over, whereas, for autoantibodies neutralizing both molecules, the RRD was 188.3[44.8-774.4] and 7.2[5.0-10.3], respectively. IFRs increased with age, from 0.17%[0.12-0.31] for individuals <40 years old to 26.7%[20.3-35.2] for those ≥80 years old for autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, and from 0.84%[0.31-8.28] to 40.5%[27.82-61.20] for the same two age groups, for autoantibodies neutralizing both molecules. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs increase IFRs, and are associated with high RRDs, particularly those neutralizing both IFN-α2 and -ω. Remarkably, IFR increases with age, whereas RRD decreases with age. Autoimmunity to type I IFNs appears to be second only to age among common predictors of COVID-19 death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163
| | | | | | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM
| | | | | | | | - Shohei Eto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Marina Garcia-Prat
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute
| | | | - Alba Parra-Martínez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University
| | | | | | - Karita Särekannu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu
| | | | | | - Charles-Edouard Luyt
- Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Institut de Cardiologie
| | | | - Alexandre Gaudet
- University of Lille, U1019-UMR9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille
| | - Julien Poissy
- University of Lille, U1019-UMR9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille
| | | | | | | | - Jesus Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Pierre Garçon
- Intensive Care Unit, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien Site de Marne-La-Vallée
| | | | | | - Stéphanie Gentile
- Service d'Evaluation Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille APHM
| | | | - Elana Shaw
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima Universit
| | - David Dalmau
- Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa; Fundació Docència i Recerca MutuaTerrassa, Terrasa; Universitat de Barcelona
| | | | - Damien Sene
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital AP-HP, Paris University
| | - Alain Stepanian
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP and EA3518, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie-Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris
| | - Bruno Mégarbane
- Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Hôpital Lariboisière (AP-HP), Université Paris-Diderot, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique (UMRS) 1144
| | - Vasiliki Triantafyllia
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens
| | | | | | | | | | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory (AIL Center for Hemato-Oncologic Research), Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia
| | | | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano Bicocca
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
| | - Ottavia Delmonte
- Immune Deficiency Genetics Section, Laboratory of Host Defenses, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Andrew Snow
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Steve Holland
- Division of Intramural Research (HNM2), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
| | - Catherine Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia
| | - Marcela Moncada-Vélez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University
| | - Andrés Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University "Goce Delchev," Štip, Republic of Northern Macedonia
| | | | | | - Sevgi Keles
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty
| | | | - Jalila El Bakkouri
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, CHU Ibn Rushd and LICIA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy
| | - Carolina Ramirez-Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie Lyon
| | | | | | - Annabelle Dupont
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alina Kurolap
- Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, and Clinical Genomics, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Lucila Barreiros
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck
| | | | | | - Oksana Boyarchuk
- Department of Children's Diseases and Pediatric Surgery, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Medical Hospital, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Loreto Vidaur
- Intensive Care Medicine, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia Institute of Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam Klocperk
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, 15006 Prague
| | - Nelli Kann
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Daniel Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthieu Coulongeat
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Tours University Medical Center, Tours, France
| | - Julien Marlet
- INSERM U1259, MAVIVH, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Rutger Koning
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luis Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Romain Arrestier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Idris Boudhabhay
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France. 58INEM, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Hagin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv
| | - Joost Wauters
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, UZ Gasthuisberg & Laboratory for Clinical Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders, Depart-ment of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven
| | | | - Adam Dyer
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean Kennelly
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nollaig Bourke
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Fatemeh Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMIParis UMRS 1135)
| | | | | | - Suzan AlKhater
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raúl Rigo-Bonnin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Morandeira
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Donald Vinh
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
| | | | | | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - András Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Gilardin
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital universitaire Jean-Verdier AP-HP, Bondy, France
| | | | | | | | - Richard Lifton
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University
| | | | - Mark Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Hermine
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1163
| | | | - Pärt Peterson
- Molecular Pathology Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu
| | | | - Lee Rowen
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219
| | | | | | - Lila Bouadma
- APHP- Hôpital Bichat - Médecine Intensive et Réanimation des Maladies
| | - Marie Zins
- Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM UMS11, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophie Susen
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université; IHU Méditerranée Infection-MEPHI
| | - Marc Vasse
- Service de Biologie Clinique and UMR-S 1176, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Peter Gregersen
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan
| | | | | | | | - Satoshi Okada
- Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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41
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Pontesilli S, Baldoli C, Rosa PAD, Cattoni A, Bernardo ME, Meregalli P, Gasperini S, Motta S, Fumagalli F, Tucci F, Baciga F, Consiglieri G, Canonico F, De Lorenzo P, Chiapparini L, Gentner B, Aiuti A, Biondi A, Rovelli A, Parini R. Evidence of Treatment Benefits in Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I-Hurler in Long-term Follow-up Using a New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring System. J Pediatr 2022; 240:297-301.e5. [PMID: 34547335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We developed a brain and spine magnetic resonance scoring system based on a magnetic resonance assessment of 9 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I-Hurler who underwent hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. The score is reliable and correlates with long-term clinical and cognitive outcome in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I-Hurler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pontesilli
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Baldoli
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Cattoni
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pamela Meregalli
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Serena Gasperini
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Serena Motta
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesca Fumagalli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Baciga
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Canonico
- Department of Radiology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola De Lorenzo
- Centro Operativo di Ricerca Statistica, Fondazione Tettamanti, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Attilio Rovelli
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Rossella Parini
- Pediatric Department, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
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Consiglieri G, Ferrua F, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP. Correction to: A Case of Two Adult Brothers with Wiskott‑Aldrich Syndrome, One Treated with Gene Therapy and One with HLA‑Identical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Clin Immunol 2021; 42:426. [PMID: 34878620 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Consiglieri
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. .,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Vecchione A, Jofra T, Gerosa J, Shankwitz K, Di Fonte R, Galvani G, Ippolito E, Cicalese MP, Schultz AR, Seay HR, Favellato M, Milardi G, Stabilini A, Ragogna F, Grogan P, Bianconi E, Laurenzi A, Caretto A, Nano R, Melzi R, Danzl N, Bosi E, Piemonti L, Aiuti A, Brusko T, Petrovas C, Battaglia M, Fousteri G. Reduced Follicular Regulatory T Cells in Spleen and Pancreatic Lymph Nodes of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2021; 70:2892-2902. [PMID: 34620616 PMCID: PMC8660982 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In the attempt to understand the origin of autoantibody (AAb) production in patients with and at risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple studies have analyzed and reported alterations in T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in presymptomatic AAb+ subjects and patients with T1D. Yet, whether the regulatory counterpart of Tfh cells, represented by T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells, is similarly altered is still unclear. To address this question, we performed analyses in peripheral blood, spleen, and pancreatic lymph nodes (PLN) of organ donor subjects with T1D. Blood analyses were also performed in living AAb- and AAb+ subjects. While negligible differences in the frequency and phenotype of blood Tfr cells were observed among T1D, AAb-, and AAb+ adult subjects, the frequency of Tfr cells was significantly reduced in spleen and PLN of T1D as compared with nondiabetic control subjects. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of Tfr cells delayed disease development in a mouse model of T1D, a finding that could indicate that Tfr cells play an important role in peripheral tolerance and regulation of autoreactive Tfh cells. Together, our findings provide evidence of Tfr cell alterations within disease-relevant tissues in patients with T1D, suggesting a role for Tfr cells in defective humoral tolerance and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vecchione
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Tatiana Jofra
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Jolanda Gerosa
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Kimberly Shankwitz
- Tissue Analysis Core, Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Roberta Di Fonte
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galvani
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Ippolito
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew R Schultz
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL
| | - Howie R Seay
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Giulia Milardi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Stabilini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragogna
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pauline Grogan
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- TrialNet Clinical Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bianconi
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- TrialNet Clinical Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Caretto
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Nano
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaela Melzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nichole Danzl
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- TrialNet Clinical Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Todd Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Tissue Analysis Core, Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- TrialNet Clinical Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Gene therapy has become an appealing therapeutic option in many pediatric fields, including endocrinology. Unlike traditional drugs based on molecules that require repeated and frequent burdensome administrations, a single genetic therapeutic intervention may allow durable and curative clinical benefits. Although this highly innovative technology holds a great promise for the treatment of monogenic diseases, its clinical applications in the field of endocrinology have been so far challenging. In this review, we will discuss various ex vivo and in vivo approaches and potential applications of gene addition and gene editing approaches for treating hyperfunctional and hypofunctional endocrine diseases due to intrinsic defects or autoimmune origin. We will focus on the recent advances in gene therapy approaches aimed at treating type 1 diabetes and monogenic forms of endocrinopathies such as growth hormone deficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, diabetes insipidus, IPEX, as well as their trends and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Immunohematology Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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45
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Gentner B, Tucci F, Galimberti S, Fumagalli F, De Pellegrin M, Silvani P, Camesasca C, Pontesilli S, Darin S, Ciotti F, Sarzana M, Consiglieri G, Filisetti C, Forni G, Passerini L, Tomasoni D, Cesana D, Calabria A, Spinozzi G, Cicalese MP, Calbi V, Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Ferrua F, Gallo V, Miglietta S, Zonari E, Cheruku PS, Forni C, Facchini M, Corti A, Gabaldo M, Zancan S, Gasperini S, Rovelli A, Boelens JJ, Jones SA, Wynn R, Baldoli C, Montini E, Gregori S, Ciceri F, Valsecchi MG, la Marca G, Parini R, Naldini L, Aiuti A, Bernardo ME. Hematopoietic Stem- and Progenitor-Cell Gene Therapy for Hurler Syndrome. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:1929-1940. [PMID: 34788506 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is the standard of care for Hurler syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type I, Hurler variant [MPSIH]). However, this treatment is only partially curative and is associated with complications. METHODS We are conducting an ongoing study involving eight children with MPSIH. At enrollment, the children lacked a suitable allogeneic donor and had a Developmental Quotient or Intelligence Quotient score above 70 (i.e., none had moderate or severe cognitive impairment). The children received autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) transduced ex vivo with an α-L-iduronidase (IDUA)-encoding lentiviral vector after myeloablative conditioning. Safety and correction of blood IDUA activity up to supraphysiologic levels were the primary end points. Clearance of lysosomal storage material as well as skeletal and neurophysiological development were assessed as secondary and exploratory end points. The planned duration of the study is 5 years. RESULTS We now report interim results. The children's mean (±SD) age at the time of HSPC gene therapy was 1.9±0.5 years. At a median follow-up of 2.10 years, the procedure had a safety profile similar to that known for autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. All the patients showed prompt and sustained engraftment of gene-corrected cells and had supraphysiologic blood IDUA activity within a month, which was maintained up to the latest follow-up. Urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) excretion decreased steeply, reaching normal levels at 12 months in four of five patients who could be evaluated. Previously undetectable levels of IDUA activity in the cerebrospinal fluid became detectable after gene therapy and were associated with local clearance of GAGs. Patients showed stable cognitive performance, stable motor skills corresponding to continued motor development, improved or stable findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine, reduced joint stiffness, and normal growth in line with World Health Organization growth charts. CONCLUSIONS The delivery of HSPC gene therapy in patients with MPSIH resulted in extensive metabolic correction in peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. (Funded by Fondazione Telethon and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03488394; EudraCT number, 2017-002430-23.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Gentner
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Tucci
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Galimberti
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Fumagalli
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio De Pellegrin
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Silvani
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Camesasca
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Pontesilli
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Darin
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Ciotti
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Sarzana
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Filisetti
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Forni
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Passerini
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Tomasoni
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Cesana
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Calabria
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Giulio Spinozzi
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Pia Cicalese
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria Calbi
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Vera Gallo
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Simona Miglietta
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Zonari
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Patali S Cheruku
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Forni
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marcella Facchini
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ambra Corti
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michela Gabaldo
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Zancan
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Gasperini
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Attilio Rovelli
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jaap-Jan Boelens
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A Jones
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Wynn
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Baldoli
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eugenio Montini
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Gregori
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria G Valsecchi
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rossella Parini
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Luigi Naldini
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Ester Bernardo
- From the Departments of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (B.G., F. Ciceri), Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (F.T., F. Fumagalli, S.D., F. Ciotti, M.S., G.C., C. Filisetti, M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., A.A., M.-E.B.), Neurology and Neurophysiology (F. Fumagalli), Pediatric Orthopedics (M.D.P.), Anesthesia and Critical Care (P.S.), Pediatric Cardiology (C.C.), and Neuroradiology (S.P., C.B.) and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (B.G., F.T., F. Fumagalli, L.P., D.T., D.C., A.C., G.S., M.-P.C., V.C., M.M., F.B., F. Ferrua, V.G., S.M., E.Z., P.S.C., M.F., A.C., E.M., S. Gregori, R.P., L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F. Ciceri, L.N., A.A., M.-E.B.), and Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Bioimaging Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca (S. Galimberti, M.G.V.), Milan, Fondazione Telethon, Rome (C. Forni, M.G., S.Z.), the Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, and Newborn Screening, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Meyer Children's University Hospital (G.F., G.M.), Florence, and the Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza (S. Gasperini, A.R., R.P.) - all in Italy; Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, MSK Kids, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (J.-J.B.); and the Willink Unit, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester (S.A.J.), and the Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital (R.W.) - both in Manchester, United Kingdom
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46
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Canarutto D, Tucci F, Gattillo S, Zambelli M, Calbi V, Gentner B, Ferrua F, Marktel S, Migliavacca M, Barzaghi F, Consiglieri G, Gallo V, Fumagalli F, Massariello P, Parisi C, Viarengo G, Albertazzi E, Silvani P, Milani R, Santoleri L, Ciceri F, Cicalese MP, Bernardo ME, Aiuti A. Peripheral blood stem and progenitor cell collection in pediatric candidates for ex vivo gene therapy: a 10-year series. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 22:76-83. [PMID: 34485596 PMCID: PMC8390560 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC)-based gene therapy (GT) requires the collection of a large number of cells. While bone marrow (BM) is the most common source of HSPCs in pediatric donors, the collection of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) is an attractive alternative for GT. We present safety and efficacy data of a 10-year cohort of 45 pediatric patients who underwent PBSC collection for backup and/or purification of CD34+ cells for ex vivo gene transfer. Median age was 3.7 years and median weight 15.8 kg. After mobilization with lenograstim/plerixafor (n = 41) or lenograstim alone (n = 4) and 1−3 cycles of leukapheresis, median collection was 37 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. The procedures were well tolerated. Patients who collected ≥7 and ≥13 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg in the first cycle had pre-apheresis circulating counts of at ≥42 and ≥86 CD34+ cells/μL, respectively. Weight-adjusted CD34+ cell yield was positively correlated with peripheral CD34+ cell counts and influenced by female gender, disease, and drug dosage. All patients received a GT product above the minimum target, ranging from 4 to 30.9 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. Pediatric PBSC collection compares well to BM harvest in terms of CD34+ cell yields for the purpose of GT, with a favorable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Canarutto
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Tucci
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gattillo
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Zambelli
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Marktel
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maddalena Migliavacca
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Consiglieri
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Gallo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Fumagalli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Parisi
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Viarengo
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Albertazzi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Silvani
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Milani
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Santoleri
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
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47
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Fumagalli F, Zambon AA, Rancoita PMV, Baldoli C, Canale S, Spiga I, Medaglini S, Penati R, Facchini M, Ciotti F, Sarzana M, Lorioli L, Cesani M, Natali Sora MG, Del Carro U, Cugnata F, Antonioli G, Recupero S, Calbi V, Di Serio C, Aiuti A, Biffi A, Sessa M. Metachromatic leukodystrophy: A single-center longitudinal study of 45 patients. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:1151-1164. [PMID: 33855715 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the natural course of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), explore intra/inter group differences, and identify biomarkers to monitor disease progression. This is a longitudinal observational study. Genotype and characteristics at disease onset were recorded. Time-to-event analyses were performed to assess time to major disease-related milestones in different subgroups. Longitudinal trajectories of nerve conduction velocities (NCV), brain MRI score, and brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were described. We recruited 22 late-infantile, 14 early-juvenile, 5 late-juvenile, and 4 adult MLD patients. Thirty-four were prospectively evaluated (median FU time 43 months). In late-infantile patients, the attainment of independent walking was associated with a later age at dysphagia. In early-juvenile, the presence of isolated cognitive impairment at onset was not a favorable prognostic factor. Late-infantile and early-juvenile subjects showed similar rapid loss of ambulation and onset of seizures, but late-infantile displayed earlier loss of trunk control, dysphagia, and death. We found significant differences in all major disease-related milestones (except death) between early-juvenile and late-juvenile patients. Late-juvenile and adult patients both presented with a predominant cognitive impairment, mild/no peripheral neuropathy, lower brain MRI score at plateau compared to LI/EJ, and later cerebellar involvement. NCV and BAER were consistently severely abnormal in late-infantile but not in older subjects, in whom both NCV and BAER were variably affected, with no deterioration over time in some cases. This study clarifies intra/inter group differences between MLD subtypes and provides additional indications regarding reliable clinical and instrumental tools to monitor disease progression and to serve as areference to evaluate the efficacy of future therapeutic interventions inthe different MLD variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fumagalli
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto A Zambon
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola M V Rancoita
- University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Baldoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Canale
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Specialistic Neurological Rehabilitation, IRCCS Multimedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - Ivana Spiga
- Clinical Molecular Biology Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Medaglini
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rachele Penati
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcella Facchini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ciotti
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sarzana
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Lorioli
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Cesani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- AGC Biologics S.p.a, Bresso (MI), Italy
| | | | - Ubaldo Del Carro
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cugnata
- University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gigliola Antonioli
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Recupero
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calbi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Di Serio
- University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Women and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Sessa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
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Mancuso G, Jofra T, Lanzillotta M, Aiuti A, Cicalese MP, di Colo G, Dagna L, Fousteri G, Della-Torre E. Persistence of circulating T-follicular helper cells after rituximab is associated with relapse of IgG4-related disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:3947-3949. [PMID: 33856429 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Mancuso
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Lanzillotta
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia di Colo
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dagna
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emanuel Della-Torre
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy, and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), Milan, Italy
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49
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Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Rosain J, Philippot Q, Manry J, Michailidis E, Hoffmann HH, Eto S, Garcia-Prat M, Bizien L, Parra-Martínez A, Yang R, Haljasmägi L, Migaud M, Särekannu K, Maslovskaja J, de Prost N, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Luyt CE, Amador-Borrero B, Gaudet A, Poissy J, Morel P, Richard P, Cognasse F, Troya J, Trouillet-Assant S, Belot A, Saker K, Garçon P, Rivière JG, Lagier JC, Gentile S, Rosen LB, Shaw E, Morio T, Tanaka J, Dalmau D, Tharaux PL, Sene D, Stepanian A, Megarbane B, Triantafyllia V, Fekkar A, Heath JR, Franco JL, Anaya JM, Solé-Violán J, Imberti L, Biondi A, Bonfanti P, Castagnoli R, Delmonte OM, Zhang Y, Snow AL, Holland SM, Biggs C, Moncada-Vélez M, Arias AA, Lorenzo L, Boucherit S, Coulibaly B, Anglicheau D, Planas AM, Haerynck F, Duvlis S, Nussbaum RL, Ozcelik T, Keles S, Bousfiha AA, El Bakkouri J, Ramirez-Santana C, Paul S, Pan-Hammarström Q, Hammarström L, Dupont A, Kurolap A, Metz CN, Aiuti A, Casari G, Lampasona V, Ciceri F, Barreiros LA, Dominguez-Garrido E, Vidigal M, Zatz M, van de Beek D, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Stepanovskyy Y, Boyarchuk O, Nukui Y, Tsumura M, Vidaur L, Tangye SG, Burrel S, Duffy D, Quintana-Murci L, Klocperk A, Kann NY, Shcherbina A, Lau YL, Leung D, Coulongeat M, Marlet J, Koning R, Reyes LF, Chauvineau-Grenier A, Venet F, Monneret G, Nussenzweig MC, Arrestier R, Boudhabhay I, Baris-Feldman H, Hagin D, Wauters J, Meyts I, Dyer AH, Kennelly SP, Bourke NM, Halwani R, Sharif-Askari NS, Dorgham K, Sallette J, Sedkaoui SM, AlKhater S, Rigo-Bonnin R, Morandeira F, Roussel L, Vinh DC, Ostrowski SR, Condino-Neto A, Prando C, Bonradenko A, Spaan AN, Gilardin L, Fellay J, Lyonnet S, Bilguvar K, Lifton RP, Mane S, Anderson MS, Boisson B, Béziat V, Zhang SY, Vandreakos E, Hermine O, Pujol A, Peterson P, Mogensen TH, Rowen L, Mond J, Debette S, de Lamballerie X, Duval X, Mentré F, Zins M, Soler-Palacin P, Colobran R, Gorochov G, Solanich X, Susen S, Martinez-Picado J, Raoult D, Vasse M, Gregersen PK, Piemonti L, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Notarangelo LD, Su HC, Kisand K, Okada S, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Rice CM, Tiberghien P, Zhang Q, Cobat A, Abel L, Casanova JL. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs are present in ~4% of uninfected individuals over 70 years old and account for ~20% of COVID-19 deaths. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabl4340. [PMID: 34413139 PMCID: PMC8521484 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl4340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Circulating autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing high concentrations (10 ng/mL, in plasma diluted 1 to 10) of IFN-α and/or -ω are found in about 10% of patients with critical COVID-19 pneumonia, but not in subjects with asymptomatic infections. We detect auto-Abs neutralizing 100-fold lower, more physiological, concentrations of IFN-α and/or -ω (100 pg/mL, in 1/10 dilutions of plasma) in 13.6% of 3,595 patients with critical COVID-19, including 21% of 374 patients > 80 years, and 6.5% of 522 patients with severe COVID-19. These antibodies are also detected in 18% of the 1,124 deceased patients (aged 20 days-99 years; mean: 70 years). Moreover, another 1.3% of patients with critical COVID-19 and 0.9% of the deceased patients have auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations of IFN-β. We also show, in a sample of 34,159 uninfected subjects from the general population, that auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations of IFN-α and/or -ω are present in 0.18% of individuals between 18 and 69 years, 1.1% between 70 and 79 years, and 3.4% >80 years. Moreover, the proportion of subjects carrying auto-Abs neutralizing lower concentrations is greater in a subsample of 10,778 uninfected individuals: 1% of individuals <70 years, 2.3% between 70 and 80 years, and 6.3% >80 years. By contrast, auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-β do not become more frequent with age. Auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs predate SARS-CoV-2 infection and sharply increase in prevalence after the age of 70 years. They account for about 20% of both critical COVID-19 cases in the over-80s, and total fatal COVID-19 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Eleftherios Michailidis
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shohei Eto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Marina Garcia-Prat
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Alba Parra-Martínez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liis Haljasmägi
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Karita Särekannu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nicolas de Prost
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, INSERM U1272 Hypoxia & Lung, Bobigny, France
| | - Charles-Edouard Luyt
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS_1166-iCAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Blanca Amador-Borrero
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Gaudet
- University of Lille, U1019-UMR9017-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR9017, Lille, France
- INSERM, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Lille, France
| | - Julien Poissy
- University of Lille, U1019-UMR9017-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR9017, Lille, France
- INSERM, U1019, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Lille, France
| | - Pascal Morel
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine-St Denis, France
- UMR 1098 RIGHT, Inserm, EFS, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Fabrice Cognasse
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France
| | - Jesus Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France; International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France; National Referee Centre for Rheumatic, and Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Lyon, France; Lyon; Immunopathology Federation LIFE, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Kahina Saker
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France; International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Garçon
- Intensive Care Unit, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien Site de Marne-la-Vallée, Jossigny, France
| | - Jacques G Rivière
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Gentile
- Service d'Evaluation Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille University, School of Medicine - La Timone Medical Campus, EA 3279: CEReSS - Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Marseille, France
| | - Lindsey B Rosen
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elana Shaw
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - David Dalmau
- Hospital Universitari Mutua Tarrassa, Tarrasa, Spain
| | | | - Damien Sene
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Alain Stepanian
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris and EA3518, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie-Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Megarbane
- Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Hôpital Lariboisière (AP-HP), Université Paris-Diderot, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique (UMRS) 1144
| | - Vasiliki Triantafyllia
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - James R Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - José Luis Franco
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Critical Care Unit, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM-Ospedale, San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital-University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marcela Moncada-Vélez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrés Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Soraya Boucherit
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Boubacar Coulibaly
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital - APHP, Paris, France; INEM INSERM U 1151- CNRS UMR 8253, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Anna M Planas
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Spanish Research Council, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University "Goce Delchev", Stip, Republic of Northern Macedonia
- Institute of public health of Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Cancer Genetics and Prevention Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Bilkent - Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmed A Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, CHU Ibn Rushd and LICIA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Jalila El Bakkouri
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, CHU Ibn Rushd and LICIA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Carolina Ramirez-Santana
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellín, Colombia
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Department of Immunology, CIC1408, GIMAP CIRI INSERM U1111, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011- EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Christine N Metz
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Pathogenesis and Therapy of Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Pathogenesis and Therapy of Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Lucila A Barreiros
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Oksana Boyarchuk
- Department of Children's Diseases and Pediatric Surgery, I.Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tsumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Loreto Vidaur
- Intensive Care Department, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES - Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | | | - Sonia Burrel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | | | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 2000, Paris, France
- Chair of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Adam Klocperk
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital in Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nelli Y Kann
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Leung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthieu Coulongeat
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Tours University Medical Center, Tours, France
| | - Julien Marlet
- INSERM U1259, MAVIVH, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Rutger Koning
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | | | - Fabienne Venet
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- EA 7426 « Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression », Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot - BioMérieux, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- EA 7426 « Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression », Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot - BioMérieux, Lyon, France
| | - Michel C Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Romain Arrestier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Idris Boudhabhay
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital - APHP, Paris, France; INEM INSERM U 1151- CNRS UMR 8253, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- The Genetics Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Hagin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joost Wauters
- Medical Intensive care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Network Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adam H Dyer
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital & Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin
| | - Sean P Kennelly
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital & Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin
| | - Nollaig M Bourke
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, (CIMI- Paris), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Suzan AlKhater
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raúl Rigo-Bonnin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Morandeira
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - András N Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Laurent Gilardin
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital universitaire Jean-Verdier, AP-HP, Bondy, France
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institue of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evangelos Vandreakos
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Olivier Hermine
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Hematology, Necker Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, IDIBELL-Hospital Duran i Reynals, CIBERER U759, and Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lee Rowen
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Unité des Virus Émergents, UVE: Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM 1207, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Duval
- Inserm CIC 1425, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, IAME UMR-S 1137, INSERM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Département Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Paris, France
| | - France Mentré
- Inserm CIC 1425, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, IAME UMR-S 1137, INSERM, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Département Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Marie Zins
- Université de Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm UMS11, Villejuif, France
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roger Colobran
- Immunology Division, Genetics Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, UAB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, (CIMI- Paris), Paris, France
- Département d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophie Susen
- Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011- EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Center for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Didier Raoult
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Vasse
- Service de Biologie Clinique & UMR-S 1176, Hopital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrín, Canarian Health System, Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine-St Denis, France
- UMR 1098 RIGHT, Inserm, EFS, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Asano T, Boisson B, Onodi F, Matuozzo D, Moncada-Velez M, Maglorius Renkilaraj MRL, Zhang P, Meertens L, Bolze A, Materna M, Korniotis S, Gervais A, Talouarn E, Bigio B, Seeleuthner Y, Bilguvar K, Zhang Y, Neehus AL, Ogishi M, Pelham SJ, Le Voyer T, Rosain J, Philippot Q, Soler-Palacín P, Colobran R, Martin-Nalda A, Rivière JG, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Chaïbi K, Shahrooei M, Darazam IA, Olyaei NA, Mansouri D, Hatipoğlu N, Palabiyik F, Ozcelik T, Novelli G, Novelli A, Casari G, Aiuti A, Carrera P, Bondesan S, Barzaghi F, Rovere-Querini P, Tresoldi C, Franco JL, Rojas J, Reyes LF, Bustos IG, Arias AA, Morelle G, Christèle K, Troya J, Planas-Serra L, Schlüter A, Gut M, Pujol A, Allende LM, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Flores C, Cabrera-Marante O, Pleguezuelo DE, de Diego RP, Keles S, Aytekin G, Akcan OM, Bryceson YT, Bergman P, Brodin P, Smole D, Smith CIE, Norlin AC, Campbell TM, Covill LE, Hammarström L, Pan-Hammarström Q, Abolhassani H, Mane S, Marr N, Ata M, Al Ali F, Khan T, Spaan AN, Dalgard CL, Bonfanti P, Biondi A, Tubiana S, Burdet C, Nussbaum R, Kahn-Kirby A, Snow AL, Bustamante J, Puel A, Boisson-Dupuis S, Zhang SY, Béziat V, Lifton RP, Bastard P, Notarangelo LD, Abel L, Su HC, Jouanguy E, Amara A, Soumelis V, Cobat A, Zhang Q, Casanova JL. X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency in ~1% of men under 60 years old with life-threatening COVID-19. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabl4348. [PMID: 34413140 PMCID: PMC8532080 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl4348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal inborn errors of type I IFN immunity and autoantibodies against these cytokines underlie at least 10% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases. We report very rare, biochemically deleterious X-linked TLR7 variants in 16 unrelated male individuals aged 7 to 71 years (mean: 36.7 years) from a cohort of 1,202 male patients aged 0.5 to 99 years (mean: 52.9 years) with unexplained critical COVID-19 pneumonia. None of the 331 asymptomatically or mildly infected male individuals aged 1.3 to 102 years (mean: 38.7 years) tested carry such TLR7 variants (p = 3.5 × 10-5). The phenotypes of five hemizygous relatives of index cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 include asymptomatic or mild infection (n=2, 5 and 38 years), or moderate (n=1, 5 years), severe (n=1, 27 years), or critical (n=1, 29 years) pneumonia. Two boys (aged 7 and 12 years) from a cohort of 262 male patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (mean: 51.0 years) are hemizygous for a deleterious TLR7 variant. The cumulative allele frequency for deleterious TLR7 variants in the male general population is < 6.5x10-4 We also show that blood B cell lines and myeloid cell subsets from the patients do not respond to TLR7 stimulation, a phenotype rescued by wild-type TLR7 The patients' blood plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce low levels of type I IFNs in response to SARS-CoV-2. Overall, X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency is a highly penetrant genetic etiology of critical COVID-19 pneumonia, in about 1.8% of male patients below the age of 60 years. Human TLR7 and pDCs are essential for protective type I IFN immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Asano
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Onodi
- Laboratory of Genomes & Cell Biology of Disease, INSERM U944, CNRS UMR7212, University of Paris, Research Institute of Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Matuozzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Marcela Moncada-Velez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Majistor Raj Luxman Maglorius Renkilaraj
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Meertens
- Laboratory of Genomes & Cell Biology of Disease, INSERM U944, CNRS UMR7212, University of Paris, Research Institute of Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Talouarn
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Benedetta Bigio
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis and Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon J Pelham
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Pere Soler-Palacín
- Infection in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roger Colobran
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Diagnostic Immunology Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Immunology Division, Genetics Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrea Martin-Nalda
- Infection in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jacques G Rivière
- Infection in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Bobigny, France
- INSERM U1272 Hypoxia & Lung, Bobigny, France
| | - Khalil Chaïbi
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Department, APHP, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
- Common and Rare Kidney Diseases, Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR-S 1155, Paris, France
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilad Alavi Darazam
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Alipour Olyaei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Davood Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- The Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti, Iran
| | - Nevin Hatipoğlu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Palabiyik
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Bilkent, Bilkent-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, and Neuromed Institute, IRCCS, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Clinical Genomics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) and Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Carrera
- Clinical Genomics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Bondesan
- Clinical Genomics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Barzaghi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) and Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Tresoldi
- Molecular Hematology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jose Luis Franco
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julian Rojas
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | - Andres Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Guillaume Morelle
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Kyheng Christèle
- Department of General Pediatrics, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, University of Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jesús Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Planas-Serra
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Agatha Schlüter
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis M Allende
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (I+12), Madrid, Spain
- Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carlos Flores
- Genomics Division, Institute of Technology and Renewable Energies (ITER), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Health Institute of Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research Unit, University Hospital of N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical technologies (ITB), University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Oscar Cabrera-Marante
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (I+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel E Pleguezuelo
- Immunology Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (I+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- Institute of Biomedical Research of IdiPAZ, University Hospital "La Paz", Madrid, Spain
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Aytekin
- Konya City Hospital, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozge Metin Akcan
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Disease Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Brodin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Daniel Smole
- Central Hospital-Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - C I Edvard Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Disease Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Carin Norlin
- The Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Disease Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tessa M Campbell
- Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura E Covill
- Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nico Marr
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manar Ata
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatima Al Ali
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Taushif Khan
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - András N Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital-University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN-University of Milano-Bicocca-Fondazione MBBM- Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Sarah Tubiana
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1425, Paris, France
- Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Charles Burdet
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1425, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, IAME, INSERM UMR 1137, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Andrew L Snow
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France, EU
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Béziat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Richard P Lifton
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis and Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Ali Amara
- Laboratory of Genomes & Cell Biology of Disease, INSERM U944, CNRS UMR7212, University of Paris, Research Institute of Saint-Louis, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- University of Paris, INSERM U976, F-75006 Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Immunology-Histocompatibility, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
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