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Castorani V, Rigamonti A, Frontino G, Morotti E, Sandullo F, Scialabba F, Arrigoni F, Dionisi B, Foglino R, Morosini C, Olivieri G, Bonfanti R. Turning the tides: achieving rapid and safe glucose control in adolescents with suboptimally controlled type 1 diabetes using advanced hybrid closed loop systems. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1243565. [PMID: 38628580 PMCID: PMC11019566 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1243565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Many adolescents with T1D experience a decline in metabolic control due to erratic eating habits and subpar adherence to treatment regimens. The objective of our retrospective observational study was to assess the effect of the Tandem Control IQ (CIQ) advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) system on a cohort of adolescents with suboptimal glucose control. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 20 non-adherent patients with T1D, who were inconsistently using Multiple Daily Injections (MDIs) and flash glucose monitoring and were subsequently started and on CIQ. Glucometrics and the Glucose Risk Index were assessed at baseline and after 2 weeks, 1 month, and 6 months of CIQ use. Results The study included 20 adolescents with T1D (HbA1c: 10.0% ± 1.7). Time in range (TIR) increased from 27.1% ± 13.7 at baseline to 68.6% ± 14.2 at 2 weeks, 66.6% ± 10.7 at 1 month, and 60.4% ± 13.3 at 6 months of CIQ use. Time above range (TAR) >250 mg/dL decreased from 46.1% ± 23.8 to 9.9% ± 9.5 at 2 weeks, 10.8% ± 6.1 at 1 month, and 15.5% ± 10.5 at 6 months of AHCL use. Mean glucose levels improved from 251 mg/dL ± 68.9 to 175mg/dL ± 25.5 after 6 months of CIQ use. The Glucose Risk Index (GRI) also significantly reduced from 102 to 48 at 6 months of CIQ. HbA1c also improved from 10.0% ± 1.7 at baseline to 7.0% ± 0.7 after 6 months. Two patients experienced a single episode of mild diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Conclusions AHCL systems provide a significant, rapid, and safe improvement in glucose control. This marks a pivotal advancement in technology that primarily benefited those who were already compliant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Castorani
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Morotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Sandullo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Scialabba
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Arrigoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Dionisi
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Foglino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Camilla Morosini
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Olivieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
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Mameli C, Rigamonti A, Felappi B, Nicolucci A, Lucisano G, Baresi S, Florini G, Macedoni M, Petitti A, Hajro A, Tortu G, Pistone C, Guerraggio LP, Zampolli M, Zuccotti G, Bonfanti R. Performance of Tandem Control IQ During Outdoor Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2024; 26:112-118. [PMID: 38032850 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2023.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Few data are available in children with type 1 diabetes using automated insulin delivery systems during physical activity (PA). We evaluated the time in range (TIR) during 2-h of outdoor PA in children using t:slim X2 with Control-IQ® technology. Materials and Methods: Caucasian children and adolescents, aged 9-18 years using t:slim X2 with Control-IQ technology were recruited during a local sporting event. Participants were divided into two groups: Group A practiced endurance activities for 60 min (1000-meter run, a jump circuit) and then power activities for 60 min (80-meter run, long jump); Group B practiced power activities for 60 min and then followed by endurance activities for 60 min. Ninety minutes before the PA, participants had lunch and self-administered a low-dose insulin, reduced by 50% compared to their regularly calculated meal dose per pump calculator. DexcomG6® data were downloaded. Results: Twenty-six children were recruited, 2 refused PA. Participants were divided as follows: 13 in Group A (7 males, median age 14.6 years) and 11 in Group B (8 males, median age 13.5 year). The mean glucose level when PA started was similar between groups (P = 0.06). Subjects in Group B showed a higher TIR than those in Group A ([50.4%, 95% confidence interval, CI: 33.8-75] vs. 39.6% [95% CI: 26.9-58.3], respectively [P = 0.39]). A significantly better TIR in Group B (53.8%, 95% CI: 30.2-96.1) compared to Group A (17.4%, 95% CI: 7.3-41.7, P = 0.02) was recorded during the first session. During the second session, TIR increased in both groups. There were no episodes of serious or severe hypoglycemia. Conclusions: No serious or severe hypoglycemic episodes were recorded during PA performed 90 min after lunch. Future studies using t:slim X2 with Control-IQ technology are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetology Unit, Ospedale San Raffaele, Diabetes Research Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Felappi
- Department of Pediatrics, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Nicolucci
- CORESEARCH, Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucisano
- CORESEARCH, Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano Baresi
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Florini
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Agnese Petitti
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Adelina Hajro
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carmelo Pistone
- Clinica Pediatrica, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Zampolli
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Como, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetology Unit, Ospedale San Raffaele, Diabetes Research Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Castorani V, Favalli V, Rigamonti A, Frontino G, Di Tonno R, Morotti E, Sandullo F, Scialabba F, Arrigoni F, Dionisi B, Foglino R, Morosini C, Olivieri G, Barera G, Meschi F, Bonfanti R. A comparative study using insulin pump therapy and continuous glucose monitoring in newly diagnosed very young children with type 1 diabetes: it is possible to bend the curve of HbA1c. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1719-1726. [PMID: 37526745 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The target of metabolic control (HbA1c < 7% or 53 mmol/mol) recommended by the ADA and ISPAD is attained by 30% of children with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Advances in technologies for T1D aim to improve metabolic outcomes and reduce complications. This observational study assesses the long-term outcomes of advanced technologies for treatment of T1D compared to conventional approach started at onset in a group of very young children with T1D. METHODS 54 patients with less 4 years old at onset of T1D were enrolled and followed for up to 9 years after diagnosis. 24 subjects started continuous subcutaneous insulin (CSII) treatment and 30 subjects received MDI therapy from onset. Auxological data, HbA1c and total daily insulin dose (TDD/kg) have been collected at admission and every 4 months. HbA1cAUC>6%, rates of acute complications, glycemic variability indices and glucometrics were also recorded. RESULTS Patients with CSII therapy had significantly lower mean HbA1c values compared to subjects receiving MDI treatment. CSII approach also recorded lower mean HbA1cAUC>6% and TDD/kg than MDI therapy. At the last download data, the time in range (TIR) was higher in patients with CSII and hyperglycemia events were lower. Better glycemic variability indices have been described during CSII therapy, including mean glycemia, standard deviation, coefficient of variation (CV), glycemia risk index (GRI) and high blood glucose index (HBGI). There was no statistically significant difference between frequency of severe hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis episodes between groups. CONCLUSIONS Early initiation of diabetes technologies is safe and able to determine a better long term glycemic control in young children with T1D. It also allows to flatten the trajectory of HbA1c, probably reducing microvascular, macrovascular and neurological complications of diabetes in this very peculiar age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Castorani
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Favalli
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Tonno
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Morotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sandullo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Scialabba
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Arrigoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Dionisi
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Foglino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Morosini
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Olivieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Barera
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Meschi
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Di Candia F, Di Iorio V, Tinto N, Bonfanti R, Iovino C, Rosanio FM, Fedi L, Iafusco F, Arrigoni F, Malesci R, Simonelli F, Rigamonti A, Franzese A, Mozzillo E. An Italian case series' description of thiamine responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome: importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:158. [PMID: 38037112 PMCID: PMC10691017 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) mainly manifest macrocytic anemia, sensorineural deafness, ocular complications, and nonautoimmune diabetes. Macrocytic anemia and diabetes may be responsive to high-dosage thiamine treatment, in contrast to sensorineural deafness. Little is known about the efficacy of thiamine treatment on ocular manifestations. CASES PRESENTATION Our objective is to report data from four Italian TRMA patients: in Cases 1, 2 and 3, the diagnosis of TRMA was made at 9, 14 and 27 months. In 3 out of 4 subjects, thiamine therapy allowed both normalization of hyperglycemia, with consequent insulin suspension, and macrocytic anemia. In all Cases, thiamine therapy did not resolve the clinical manifestation of deafness. In Cases 2 and 3, follow-up showed no blindness, unlike Case 4, in which treatment was started for megaloblastic anemia at age 7 but was increased to high doses only at age 25, when the genetic diagnosis of TRMA was performed. CONCLUSIONS Early institution of high-dose thiamine supplementation seems to prevent the development of retinal changes and optic atrophy in TRMA patients. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad, and it is important to describe known Cases to gain a better understanding of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Candia
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Centre of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Iorio
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Tinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Iovino
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Rosanio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Centre of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Ludovica Fedi
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Centre of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Fernanda Iafusco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Arrigoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Malesci
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples ''Federico II'', Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Franzese
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Centre of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Centre of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.
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Fugazzola P, Moroni A, Agnoletti V, Catena F, Cobianchi L, Corallo S, Dal Mas F, Frassini S, Maestri M, Magnone S, Pagani A, Pedrazzoli P, Rigamonti A, Santandrea G, Tomasoni M, Vallicelli C, Viganò J, Ansaloni L. Should we exclude patients with peritoneal carcinosis of colorectal origin and high PCI from CRS + HIPEC? Updates Surg 2023; 75:1819-1825. [PMID: 37423956 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
International guidelines exclude from surgery patients with peritoneal carcinosis of colorectal origin and a peritoneal cancer index (PCI) ≥ 16. This study aims to analyze the outcomes of patients with colorectal peritoneal carcinosis and PCI greater or equal to 16 treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) (CRS + HIPEC). We retrospectively performed a multicenter observational study involving three Italian institutions, namely the IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo in Pavia, the M. Bufalini Hospital in Cesena, and the ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital in Bergamo. The study included all patients undergoing CRS + HIPEC for peritoneal carcinosis from colorectal origin from November 2011 to June 2022. The study included 71 patients: 56 with PCI < 16 and 15 with PCI ≥ 16. Patients with higher PCI had longer operative times and a statistically significant higher rate of not complete cytoreduction, with a Completeness of Cytoreduction score (CC) 1 (microscopical disease) of 30.8% (p = 0.004). The 2-year OS was 81% for PCI < 16 and 37% for PCI ≥ 16 (p < 0.001). The 2-years DFS was 29% for PCI < 16 and 0% for PCI ≥ 16 (p < 0.001). The 2-year peritoneal DFS for patients with PCI < 16 was 48%, and for patients with PCI ≥ 16 was 57% (p = 0.783). CRS and HIPEC provide reasonable local disease control for patients with carcinosis of colorectal origin and PCI ≥ 16. Such results form the basis for new studies to reassess the exclusion of these patients, as set out in the current guidelines, from CRS and HIPEC. This therapy, combined with new therapeutical strategies, i.e., pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC), could offer reasonable local control of the disease, preventing local complications. As a result, it increases the patient's chances of receiving chemotherapy to improve the systemic control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Fugazzola
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Alessandro Brambilla, 74, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Moroni
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vanni Agnoletti
- Intensive Care Unit, M. Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Fausto Catena
- General Surgery, M. Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cobianchi
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Alessandro Brambilla, 74, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Salvatore Corallo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Dal Mas
- Department of Management, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Simone Frassini
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Magnone
- General Surgery, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Anna Pagani
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- General Surgery, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Tomasoni
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlo Vallicelli
- General Surgery, M. Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Jacopo Viganò
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- General Surgery I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Alessandro Brambilla, 74, 27100, Pavia, PV, Italy
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Mantero V, Basilico P, Balgera R, Rigamonti A, Sozzi M, Salmaggi A, Cordano C. Flu-like syndrome due to interferon-beta injections does not increase anxiety, depression, and lost working days in multiple sclerosis patients during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 232:107892. [PMID: 37454600 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aim of this study was to evaluated anxiety, depression, and possible negative implications on work activities during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic, in a group of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients at risk of flu-like syndrome (FLS) compared with FLS- free treatments. METHODS The present study included patients treated with interferon-ß (IFNß), glatiramer, and natalizumab for at least one year. Collected data included the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), together with questions about FLS, change in work habits, use of antipyretics, anxiety, and depression. RESULTS 100 patients were included in the study. Six patients in IFNß and 5 in the natalizumab group had a confirmed COVID-19 infection. 68% in the IFNß patients reported FLS and only one reported an increase in flu-like frequency during the pandemic; 14% reported lower compliance with treatment, and 40% reported uptake of antipyretics several times. Only one IFNß patient reported having lost more working days than the previous year. The average BAI (p = 0.039) was higher in natalizumab group. Correcting these data by age, sex and EDSS to a multivariate analysis we did not find any statistically significant difference in terms of BAI and BDI-II between the three treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS FLS were not perceived as COVID19-like symptoms but as expected by traditional pharmacological treatments indeed. These data suggest that IFNß can be used safely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Basilico
- MS center, Department of Neurology, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Roberto Balgera
- MS center, Department of Neurology, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Sozzi
- Neuropsychology service, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- MS center, Department of Neurology, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy; Neuropsychology service, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Christian Cordano
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Frontino G, Di Tonno R, Stancampiano MR, Arrigoni F, Rigamonti A, Morotti E, Canarutto D, Bonfanti R, Russo G, Barera G, Piemonti L. Paediatric Wolfram syndrome Type 1: should gonadal dysfunction be part of the diagnostic criteria? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1155644. [PMID: 37383390 PMCID: PMC10294676 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1155644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Wolfram Syndrome Spectrum Disorder (WFS1-SD), in its "classic" form, is a rare autosomal recessive disease with poor prognosis and wide phenotypic spectrum. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (DM), optic atrophy (OA) diabetes insipidus (DI) and sensorineural deafness (D) are the main features of WFS1-SD. Gonadal dysfunction (GD) has been described mainly in adults with variable prevalence and referred to as a minor clinical feature. This is the first case series investigating gonadal function in a small cohort of paediatric patients affected by WFS1-SD. Methods Gonadal function was investigated in eight patients (3 male and 5 female) between 3 and 16 years of age. Seven patients have been diagnosed with classic WFS1-SD and one with non-classic WFS1-SD. Gonadotropin and sex hormone levels were monitored, as well as markers of gonadal reserve (inhibin-B and anti-Mullerian hormone). Pubertal progression was assessed according to Tanner staging. Results Primary hypogonadism was diagnosed in 50% of patients (n=4), more specifically 67% (n=2) of males and 40% of females (n=2). Pubertal delay was observed in one female patient. These data confirm that gonadal dysfunction may be a frequent and underdiagnosed clinical feature in WFS1-SD. Conclusions GD may represent a frequent and earlier than previously described feature in WFS1-SD with repercussions on morbidity and quality of life. Consequently, we suggest that GD should be included amongst clinical diagnostic criteria for WFS1-SD, as has already been proposed for urinary dysfunction. Considering the heterogeneous and elusive presentation of WFS1-SD, this clinical feature may assist in an earlier diagnosis and timely follow-up and care of treatable associated diseases (i.e. insulin and sex hormone replacement) in these young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Tonno
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Rita Stancampiano
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Arrigoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Morotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Canarutto
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Russo
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Barera
- Department of Pediatrics, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Abratenko P, Aduszkiewicz A, Akbar F, Pons MA, Asaadi J, Aslin M, Babicz M, Badgett WF, Bagby LF, Baibussinov B, Behera B, Bellini V, Beltramello O, Benocci R, Berger J, Berkman S, Bertolucci S, Bertoni R, Betancourt M, Bettini M, Biagi S, Biery K, Bitter O, Bonesini M, Boone T, Bottino B, Braggiotti A, Brailsford D, Bremer J, Brice SJ, Brio V, Brizzolari C, Brown J, Budd HS, Calaon F, Campani A, Carber D, Carneiro M, Terrazas IC, Carranza H, Casazza D, Castellani L, Castro A, Centro S, Cerati G, Chalifour M, Chambouvet P, Chatterjee A, Cherdack D, Cherubini S, Chithirasreemadam N, Cicerchia M, Cicero V, Coan T, Cocco AG, Convery MR, Copello S, Cristaldo E, Dange AA, de Icaza Astiz I, De Roeck A, Di Domizio S, Di Noto L, Di Stefano C, Di Ferdinando D, Diwan M, Dolan S, Domine L, Donati S, Doubnik R, Drielsma F, Dyer J, Dytman S, Fabre C, Fabris F, Falcone A, Farnese C, Fava A, Ferguson H, Ferrari A, Ferraro F, Gallice N, Garcia FG, Geynisman M, Giarin M, Gibin D, Gigli SG, Gioiosa A, Gu W, Guerzoni M, Guglielmi A, Gurung G, Hahn S, Hardin K, Hausner H, Heggestuen A, Hilgenberg C, Hogan M, Howard B, Howell R, Hrivnak J, Iliescu M, Ingratta G, James C, Jang W, Jung M, Jwa YJ, Kashur L, Ketchum W, Kim JS, Koh DH, Kose U, Larkin J, Laurenti G, Lukhanin G, Marchini S, Marshall CM, Martynenko S, Mauri N, Mazzacane A, McFarland KS, Méndez DP, Menegolli A, Meng G, Miranda OG, Mladenov D, Mogan A, Moggi N, Montagna E, Montanari C, Montanari A, Mooney M, Moreno-Granados G, Mueller J, Naples D, Nebot-Guinot M, Nessi M, Nichols T, Nicoletto M, Norris B, Palestini S, Pallavicini M, Paolone V, Papaleo R, Pasqualini L, Patrizii L, Peghin R, Petrillo G, Petta C, Pia V, Pietropaolo F, Poirot J, Poppi F, Pozzato M, Prata MC, Prosser A, Putnam G, Qian X, Rampazzo G, Rappoldi A, Raselli GL, Rechenmacher R, Resnati F, Ricci AM, Riccobene G, Rice L, Richards E, Rigamonti A, Rosenberg M, Rossella M, Rubbia C, Sala P, Sapienza P, Savage G, Scaramelli A, Scarpelli A, Schmitz D, Schukraft A, Sergiampietri F, Sirri G, Smedley JS, Soha AK, Spanu M, Stanco L, Stewart J, Suarez NB, Sutera C, Tanaka HA, Tenti M, Terao K, Terranova F, Togo V, Torretta D, Torti M, Tortorici F, Tosi N, Tsai YT, Tufanli S, Turcato M, Usher T, Varanini F, Ventura S, Vercellati F, Vicenzi M, Vignoli C, Viren B, Warner D, Williams Z, Wilson RJ, Wilson P, Wolfs J, Wongjirad T, Wood A, Worcester E, Worcester M, Wospakrik M, Yu H, Yu J, Zani A, Zatti PG, Zennamo J, Zettlemoyer JC, Zhang C, Zucchelli S, Zuckerbrot M. ICARUS at the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program: initial operation. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2023; 83:467. [PMID: 37303462 PMCID: PMC10239613 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11610-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ICARUS collaboration employed the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful 3-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratory, performing a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous ν e appearance in the CERN Neutrino to Gran Sasso beam, which contributed to the constraints on the allowed neutrino oscillation parameters to a narrow region around 1 eV2 . After a significant overhaul at CERN, the T600 detector has been installed at Fermilab. In 2020 the cryogenic commissioning began with detector cool down, liquid argon filling and recirculation. ICARUS then started its operations collecting the first neutrino events from the booster neutrino beam (BNB) and the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam off-axis, which were used to test the ICARUS event selection, reconstruction and analysis algorithms. ICARUS successfully completed its commissioning phase in June 2022. The first goal of the ICARUS data taking will be a study to either confirm or refute the claim by Neutrino-4 short-baseline reactor experiment. ICARUS will also perform measurement of neutrino cross sections with the NuMI beam and several Beyond Standard Model searches. After the first year of operations, ICARUS will search for evidence of sterile neutrinos jointly with the Short-Baseline Near Detector, within the Short-Baseline Neutrino program. In this paper, the main activities carried out during the overhauling and installation phases are highlighted. Preliminary technical results from the ICARUS commissioning data with the BNB and NuMI beams are presented both in terms of performance of all ICARUS subsystems and of capability to select and reconstruct neutrino events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F. Akbar
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - M. Artero Pons
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - J. Asaadi
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - M. Aslin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- Present Address: University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - M. Babicz
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- INP-Polish Acad. Sci, Kraków, Poland
- Present Address: University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - W. F. Badgett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. F. Bagby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - B. Baibussinov
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - B. Behera
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - V. Bellini
- INFN Sezione di Catania and University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - O. Beltramello
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - R. Benocci
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - J. Berger
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - S. Berkman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Bertolucci
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R. Bertoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Betancourt
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Bettini
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - K. Biery
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - O. Bitter
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- Present Address: Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
| | - M. Bonesini
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - T. Boone
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - B. Bottino
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - A. Braggiotti
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Istituto di Neuroscienze, CNR, Padua, Italy
| | - D. Brailsford
- SBND Collaboration, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - J. Bremer
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S. J. Brice
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - V. Brio
- INFN Sezione di Catania and University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - C. Brizzolari
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - J. Brown
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - H. S. Budd
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - F. Calaon
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Campani
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - D. Carber
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - M. Carneiro
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | - H. Carranza
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - D. Casazza
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - L. Castellani
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Castro
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S. Centro
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G. Cerati
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Chalifour
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - P. Chambouvet
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - D. Cherdack
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | | | | | - M. Cicerchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - V. Cicero
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - T. Coan
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275 USA
| | | | - M. R. Convery
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Copello
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - E. Cristaldo
- SBND Collaboration, Universidad Nacional de Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - A. A. Dange
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | | | - A. De Roeck
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S. Di Domizio
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - L. Di Noto
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - D. Di Ferdinando
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - S. Dolan
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - L. Domine
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | | | - R. Doubnik
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - F. Drielsma
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - J. Dyer
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - S. Dytman
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - C. Fabre
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - F. Fabris
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Falcone
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Farnese
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Fava
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - H. Ferguson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - F. Ferraro
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - F. G. Garcia
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - M. Geynisman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Giarin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - D. Gibin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S. G. Gigli
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - W. Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Guerzoni
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Guglielmi
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G. Gurung
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - S. Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - K. Hardin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - H. Hausner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Heggestuen
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - C. Hilgenberg
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
- Present Address: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - M. Hogan
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - B. Howard
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - R. Howell
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - J. Hrivnak
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M. Iliescu
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Present Address: INFN-LNF, Frascati, Italy
| | - G. Ingratta
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C. James
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - W. Jang
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - M. Jung
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- SBND Collaboration, Batavia, USA
| | - Y.-J. Jwa
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - L. Kashur
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - W. Ketchum
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. S. Kim
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - D.-H. Koh
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - U. Kose
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Present Address: ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J. Larkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - G. Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Lukhanin
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Marchini
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - N. Mauri
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Mazzacane
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - D. P. Méndez
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - A. Menegolli
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G. Meng
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - O. G. Miranda
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - D. Mladenov
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A. Mogan
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - N. Moggi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E. Montagna
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C. Montanari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- On leave of absence from INFN Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Montanari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Mooney
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - G. Moreno-Granados
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J. Mueller
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - D. Naples
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | | | - M. Nessi
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - T. Nichols
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Nicoletto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - B. Norris
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Palestini
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M. Pallavicini
- INFN Sezione di Genova and University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - V. Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | | | - L. Pasqualini
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L. Patrizii
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R. Peghin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - G. Petrillo
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - C. Petta
- INFN Sezione di Catania and University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - V. Pia
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F. Pietropaolo
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- On leave of absence from INFN Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - J. Poirot
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - F. Poppi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Pozzato
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M. C. Prata
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Prosser
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Putnam
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - X. Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - G. Rampazzo
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Rappoldi
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G. L. Raselli
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - R. Rechenmacher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - F. Resnati
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | | | - L. Rice
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - E. Richards
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - A. Rigamonti
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - M. Rossella
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - P. Sala
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - G. Savage
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Scaramelli
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Scarpelli
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - D. Schmitz
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - A. Schukraft
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - F. Sergiampietri
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Present Address: IPSI-INAF Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - G. Sirri
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - A. K. Soha
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Spanu
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Stanco
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - J. Stewart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - N. B. Suarez
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - C. Sutera
- INFN Sezione di Catania and University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - H. A. Tanaka
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - M. Tenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - K. Terao
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - F. Terranova
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Togo
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D. Torretta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Torti
- INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca and University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Tortorici
- INFN Sezione di Catania and University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - N. Tosi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Y.-T. Tsai
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Tufanli
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M. Turcato
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - T. Usher
- SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - F. Varanini
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S. Ventura
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - F. Vercellati
- INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Vicenzi
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | - B. Viren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - D. Warner
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Z. Williams
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - R. J. Wilson
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - P. Wilson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | | | - A. Wood
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - E. Worcester
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Worcester
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Wospakrik
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - H. Yu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - J. Yu
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - A. Zani
- INFN Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P. G. Zatti
- INFN Sezione di Padova and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - J. Zennamo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - C. Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - S. Zucchelli
- INFN Sezione di Bologna and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Zuckerbrot
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
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9
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Schreiber AF, Garlasco J, Urner M, McFarlan A, Baker A, Rigamonti A, Singh JM, Kutsogiannis DJ, Brochard LJ. Mechanical Ventilation after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury - A Multicentric Cohort Study-based Prediction Model for Weaning Success: The BICYCLE Score. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023. [PMID: 37236632 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202301-022oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Limited information exist about the epidemiology, outcomes, and predictors of weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate predictors of weaning outcomes for patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) and develop and validate a prognostic model and score for weaning success. METHODS Registry-based, multicentric cohort study including all adult patients with tSCI requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) and admitted to one of the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of the Trauma Registry at St. Michael's Hospital (Toronto, Ontario) and the Canadian Rick Hansen Spinal Cord Injury Registry (RHSCIR) between 2005 and 2019. The primary outcome was weaning success from MV at ICU discharge. Secondary outcomes included weaning success at days 14 and 28, time to liberation from MV accounting for competing risk of death, and ventilator-free days at 28 and 60 days. Associations between baseline characteristics and weaning success or time to liberation from MV were measured using multivariable logistic and competing risk regressions. A parsimonious model to predict weaning success and ICU discharge was developed and validated via bootstrap. A prediction score for weaning success at ICU discharge was derived, and its discriminative ability assessed using ROC curve analysis and compared to the Injury Severity Score (ISS). RESULTS Of 459 patients analyzed, 246 (53.6%), 302 (65.8%) and 331 (72.1%) were alive and free of MV at Day 14, 28, and ICU discharge, respectively; 54 (11.8%) died in the ICU. Median time to liberation from MV was 12 days. Factors associated with weaning success were Blunt injury (OR 2.96, p=0.010), ISS (OR 0.98, p=0.025), Complete lesion (OR 0.53, p=0.009), age in Years (OR 0.98, p=0.003), and Cervical LEsion (OR 0.60, p=0.045). The "BICYCLE" score showed a greater area under the curve than ISS (0.689 [95%CI 0.631-0.743) vs. 0.537 [95%CI 0.479-0.595], p<0.0001). Factors predicting weaning success also predicted time to liberation. CONCLUSION In a large multicentric cohort, 72% of patients with tSCI were weaned and discharged alive from ICU. Readily available admission characteristics can reasonably predict weaning success and help prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia F Schreiber
- Unity Health Toronto, 508783, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, 7938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacopo Garlasco
- University of Verona, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Verona, Italy, Italy
| | - Martin Urner
- University of Toronto, 7938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, 7938, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda McFarlan
- Unity Health Toronto, 508783, Trauma Division, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Baker
- Unity Health Toronto, 508783, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, 7938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, 7938, Departments of Anesthesia & Surgery, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- University of Toronto, 7938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Singh
- University of Toronto, 7938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University Health Network, 7989, Department of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Demetrios James Kutsogiannis
- University of Alberta, 3158, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Laurent J Brochard
- Unity Health Toronto, 508783, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, 7938, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
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10
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Carrera P, Marzinotto I, Bonfanti R, Massimino L, Calzavara S, Favellato Μ, Jofra T, De Giglio V, Bonura C, Stabilini A, Favalli V, Bondesan S, Cicalese MP, Laurenzi A, Caretto A, Frontino G, Rigamonti A, Molinari C, Scavini M, Sandullo F, Zapparoli E, Caridi N, Bonfiglio S, Castorani V, Ungaro F, Petrelli A, Barera G, Aiuti A, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Piemonti L, Lampasona V, Fousteri G. Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of islet autoimmunity at disease onset. Diabetologia 2023; 66:695-708. [PMID: 36692510 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Islet autoantibodies (AAbs) are detected in >90% of individuals with clinically suspected type 1 diabetes at disease onset. A single AAb, sometimes at low titre, is often detected in some individuals, making their diagnosis uncertain. Type 1 diabetes genetic risk scores (GRS) are a useful tool for discriminating polygenic autoimmune type 1 diabetes from other types of diabetes, particularly the monogenic forms, but testing is not routinely performed in the clinic. Here, we used a type 1 diabetes GRS to screen for monogenic diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of autoimmunity, i.e. with a single AAb at disease onset. METHODS In a pilot study, we genetically screened 142 individuals with suspected type 1 diabetes, 42 of whom were AAb-negative, 27 of whom had a single AAb (single AAb-positive) and 73 of whom had multiple AAbs (multiple AAb-positive) at disease onset. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed in 41 AAb-negative participants, 26 single AAb-positive participants and 60 multiple AAb-positive participants using an analysis pipeline of more than 200 diabetes-associated genes. RESULTS The type 1 diabetes GRS was significantly lower in AAb-negative individuals than in those with a single and multiple AAbs. Pathogenetic class 4/5 variants in MODY or monogenic diabetes genes were identified in 15/41 (36.6%) AAb-negative individuals, while class 3 variants of unknown significance were identified in 17/41 (41.5%). Residual C-peptide levels at diagnosis were higher in individuals with mutations compared to those without pathogenetic variants. Class 3 variants of unknown significance were found in 11/26 (42.3%) single AAb-positive individuals, and pathogenetic class 4/5 variants were present in 2/26 (7.7%) single AAb-positive individuals. No pathogenetic class 4/5 variants were identified in multiple AAb-positive individuals, but class 3 variants of unknown significance were identified in 19/60 (31.7%) patients. Several patients across the three groups had more than one class 3 variant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings provide insights into the genetic makeup of patients who show weak evidence of autoimmunity at disease onset. Absence of islet AAbs or the presence of a single AAb together with a low type 1 diabetes GRS may be indicative of a monogenic form of diabetes, and use of NGS may improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Carrera
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Calzavara
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tatiana Jofra
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Clara Bonura
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Stabilini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Favalli
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Bondesan
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cicalese
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Caretto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Molinari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Scavini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sandullo
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Caridi
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federica Ungaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Graziano Barera
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Department, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Battaglia
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Telethon, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Lombardo F, Passanisi S, Alibrandi A, Bombaci B, Bonfanti R, Delvecchio M, Di Candia F, Mozzillo E, Piccinno E, Piona CA, Rigamonti A, Scialabba F, Maffeis C, Salzano G. MiniMed 780G Six-Month Use in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: Clinical Targets and Predictors of Optimal Glucose Control. Diabetes Technol Ther 2023. [PMID: 36763343 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2022.0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this multicenter observational real-world study was to investigate glycemic outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes over the first 6-month use of MiniMed™ 780G. The secondary objective was to evaluate demographic and clinical factors that may be significantly associated with the achievement of therapeutic goals. Methods: Demographic, anamnestic, and clinical data of study participants were collected at the time of enrollment. Data on ambulatory glucose profile were acquired at 3 and 6 months after activating automatic mode. Aggregated glucose metrics and device settings of the entire study period were analyzed to identify predictors of optimal glycemic control, assessed by the concomitant achievement of time in range (TIR) >70%, coefficient of variation (CV) <36%, glucose management indicator (GMI) <7%, and time below range (TBR) <4%. Results: Our study cohort consisted of 111 children and adolescents (54.1% female) aged 7-18 years. All the most relevant clinical targets were achieved according to recommendations from the International Consensus both at 3 and 6 months. When considering aggregated data, primary goals in terms of TIR, CV, GMI, and TBR were achieved, respectively, by 72.1%, 74.8%, 68.5%, and 74.8% of participants. In addition, 44 individuals (39.6%) concomitantly addressed all the above clinical targets. Regression analysis revealed that older age, briefer duration of disease, and shorter active insulin time were significant predictors of optimal glucose control. Comparing two groups of individuals stratified according to the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) mean value in the year preceding MiniMed 780G use, achieving glycemic targets was observed in the subgroup with lower HbA1c. Conclusions: Our study highlights the effectiveness and safety of MiniMed 780G in the pediatric population. More extensive and personalized training on advanced hybrid closed-loop use should be considered for younger people and those with long disease duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Passanisi
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economics, Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Bombaci
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Candia
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira Piccinno
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Anita Piona
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, University City Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Maffeis
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, University City Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Salzano
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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12
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Martinelli-Boneschi F, Colombo A, Bresolin N, Sessa M, Bassi P, Grampa G, Magni E, Versino M, Ferrarese C, Zarcone D, Albanese A, Micieli G, Zanferrari C, Cagnana A, Ferrante C, Zilioli A, Locatelli D, Calloni MV, Delodovici ML, Pozzato M, Patisso V, Bortolan F, Foresti C, Frigeni B, Canella S, Xhani R, Crabbio M, Clemenzi A, Mauri M, Beretta S, La Spina I, Bernasconi S, De Santis T, Cavallini A, Ranieri M, D'Adda E, Fruguglietti ME, Peverelli L, Agosti E, Leoni O, Rigamonti A, Salmaggi A. COVID-19-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome in the early pandemic experience in Lombardia (Italy). Neurol Sci 2023; 44:437-446. [PMID: 36289117 PMCID: PMC9607708 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence and describe clinical characteristics and outcome of GBS in COVID-19 patients (COVID19-GBS) in one of the most hit regions during the first pandemic wave, Lombardia. METHODS Adult patients admitted to 20 Neurological Units between 1/3-30/4/2020 with COVID19-GBS were included as part of a multi-center study organized by the Italian society of Hospital Neuroscience (SNO). RESULTS Thirty-eight COVID19-GBS patients had a mean age of 60.7 years and male frequency of 86.8%. CSF albuminocytological dissociation was detected in 71.4%, and PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative in 19 tested patients. Based on neurophysiology, 81.8% of patients had a diagnosis of AIDP, 12.1% of AMSAN, and 6.1% of AMAN. The course was favorable in 76.3% of patients, stable in 10.5%, while 13.2% worsened, of which 3 died. The estimated occurrence rate in Lombardia ranges from 0.5 to 0.05 GBS cases per 1000 COVID-19 infections depending on whether you consider positive cases or estimated seropositive cases. When we compared GBS cases with the pre-pandemic period, we found a reduction of cases from 165 to 135 cases in the 2-month study period in Lombardia. CONCLUSIONS We detected an increased incidence of GBS in COVID-19 patients which can reflect a higher risk of GBS in COVID-19 patients and a reduction of GBS events during the pandemic period possibly due to a lower spread of more common respiratory infectious diseases determined by an increased use of preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Martinelli-Boneschi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio Colombo
- Membro Direttivo Nazionale SNO, Polo Neurologico Brianteo, Seregno, MB, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Sessa
- U.O. Neurologia Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Pietro Bassi
- U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurizio Versino
- Università Dell' InsubriaU.O. Neurologia Ospedale Di Varese, Varese, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- Università Degli Studi Milano Bicocca, U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Davide Zarcone
- U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale Sant'Antonio Abate, Gallarate, VA, Italy
| | | | | | - Carla Zanferrari
- U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale Vizzolo Predabissi, Vizzolo Predabissi, MI, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Ferrante
- U.O. Ospedale Policlinico Ponte San Pietro, Ponte San Pietro, BG, Italy
| | | | - Davide Locatelli
- Università Insubria, U.O. NeurochirurgiaOspedale Di Varese, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Delodovici
- Università Dell' InsubriaU.O. Neurologia Ospedale Di Varese, Varese, Italy.,Membro Direttivo Regionale Lombardo SNO, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Pozzato
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Patisso
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bortolan
- U.O. Osservatorio Epidemiologico Regionale, Struttura Epidemiologia E Valutazione Delle Performance, Milan, Regione Lombardia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco Mauri
- Università Dell' InsubriaU.O. Neurologia Ospedale Di Varese, Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Beretta
- Università Degli Studi Milano Bicocca, U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Isidoro La Spina
- U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale Sant'Antonio Abate, Gallarate, VA, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Michela Ranieri
- U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale Vizzolo Predabissi, Vizzolo Predabissi, MI, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Edoardo Agosti
- Università Insubria, U.O. NeurochirurgiaOspedale Di Varese, Varese, Italy
| | - Olivia Leoni
- U.O. Osservatorio Epidemiologico Regionale, Struttura Epidemiologia E Valutazione Delle Performance, Milan, Regione Lombardia, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Coordinatore SNO Lombardia, U.O. Neurologia, Ospedale Manzoni, Lecco, Italy
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13
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Salmaggi A, Rigamonti A. Challenges in adult brainstem glioma. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:1821-1822. [PMID: 36656399 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Salmaggi
- Department of Neurosciences ASST Lecco, Neurology Unit, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Neurosciences ASST Lecco, Neurology Unit, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
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14
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van der Meer PB, Maschio M, Dirven L, Taphoorn MJB, Koekkoek JAF, Coppola A, Maialetti A, Pietrella A, Rigamonti A, Zarabla A, Frigeni B, Salis B, Di. Bonaventura C, Marras CE, Palestini C, Ferlazzo E, Venturelli E, Dainese F, Martella F, Paladin F, Villani F, Capizzi G, Napoleoni L, Stanzani L, Stragapede L, Zummo L, Balducci M, Eoli M, Rizzi M, Vernaleone M, Messina R, Vittorini R, Gasparini S, Ius T, Cianci V, Manfioli V, Mariani V, Capovilla G. First-line levetiracetam versus enzyme-inducing antiseizure medication in glioma patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2023; 64:162-169. [PMID: 36380710 PMCID: PMC10100008 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to directly compare the effectiveness of first-line monotherapy levetiracetam (LEV) versus enzyme-inducing antiseizure medications (EIASMs) in glioma patients. METHODS In this nationwide retrospective observational cohort study, Grade 2-4 glioma patients were included, with a maximum duration of follow-up of 36 months. Primary outcome was antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment failure for any reason, and secondary outcomes were treatment failure due to uncontrolled seizures and due to adverse effects. For estimation of the association between ASM treatment and ASM treatment failure, multivariate cause-specific cox proportional hazard models were estimated, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS In the original cohort, a total of 808 brain tumor patients with epilepsy were included, of whom 109 glioma patients were prescribed first-line LEV and 183 glioma patients first-line EIASMs. The EIASM group had a significantly higher risk of treatment failure for any reason compared to LEV (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20-2.75, p = .005). Treatment failure due to uncontrolled seizures did not differ significantly between EIASMs and LEV (aHR = 1.32, 95% CI = .78-2.25, p = .300), but treatment failure due to adverse effects differed significantly (aHR = 4.87, 95% CI = 1.89-12.55, p = .001). SIGNIFICANCE In this study, it was demonstrated that LEV had a significantly better effectiveness (i.e., less ASM treatment failure for any reason or due to adverse effects) compared to EIASMs, supporting the current neuro-oncology guideline recommendations to avoid EIASMs in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim B van der Meer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Maschio
- Center for Tumor-Related Epilepsy, Unità Operativa Semplice Dipartimentale Neuro-oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Dirven
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Haaglanden Medical Center, the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Martin J B Taphoorn
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johan A F Koekkoek
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Haaglanden Medical Center, the Hague, the Netherlands
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15
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Turgeon AF, Fergusson DA, Clayton L, Patton MP, Zarychanski R, English S, Docherty A, Walsh T, Griesdale D, Kramer AH, Scales D, Burns KEA, Boyd JG, Marshall JC, Kutsogiannis DJ, Ball I, Hébert PC, Lamontagne F, Costerousse O, St-Onge M, Lessard Bonaventure P, Moore L, Neveu X, Rigamonti A, Khwaja K, Green RS, Laroche V, Fox-Robichaud A, Lauzier F. Haemoglobin transfusion threshold in traumatic brain injury optimisation (HEMOTION): a multicentre, randomised, clinical trial protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e067117. [PMID: 36216432 PMCID: PMC9557781 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of mortality and long-term disability in young adults. Despite the high prevalence of anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in patients with TBI, the optimal haemoglobin (Hb) transfusion threshold is unknown. We undertook a randomised trial to evaluate whether a liberal transfusion strategy improves clinical outcomes compared with a restrictive strategy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS HEMOglobin Transfusion Threshold in Traumatic Brain Injury OptimizatiON is an international pragmatic randomised open label blinded-endpoint clinical trial. We will include 742 adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with an acute moderate or severe blunt TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤12) and a Hb level ≤100 g/L. Patients are randomly allocated using a 1:1 ratio, stratified by site, to a liberal (triggered by Hb ≤100 g/L) or a restrictive (triggered by Hb ≤70 g/L) transfusion strategy applied from the time of randomisation to the decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies, ICU discharge or death. Primary and secondary outcomes are assessed centrally by trained research personnel blinded to the intervention. The primary outcome is the Glasgow Outcome Scale extended at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include overall functional independence measure, overall quality of life (EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level; EQ-5D-5L), TBI-specific quality of life (Quality of Life after Brain Injury; QOLIBRI), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-9) and mortality. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial is approved by the CHU de Québec-Université Laval research ethics board (MP-20-2018-3706) and ethic boards at all participating sites. Our results will be published and shared with relevant organisations and healthcare professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03260478.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis F Turgeon
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Dean A Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucy Clayton
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Pier Patton
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Ryan Zarychanski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shane English
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annemarie Docherty
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timothy Walsh
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donald Griesdale
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Evaluation, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andreas H Kramer
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Damon Scales
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen E A Burns
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Gordon Boyd
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - John C Marshall
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto-St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ian Ball
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul C Hébert
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francois Lamontagne
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de l'Estrie-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Costerousse
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Maude St-Onge
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Paule Lessard Bonaventure
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Lynne Moore
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Xavier Neveu
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kosar Khwaja
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert S Green
- Departments of Emergency Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Vincent Laroche
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Alison Fox-Robichaud
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francois Lauzier
- Population Health and Optimal Practices Research Unit (Trauma- Emergency-Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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16
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Pitocco D, Laurenzi A, Tomaselli L, Assaloni R, Consoli A, Di Bartolo P, Guardasole V, Lombardo F, Maffeis C, Rossi A, Gesuita R, Di Molfetta S, Rigamonti A, Scaramuzza A, Irace C, Cherubini V. Health care organization and use of technological devices in people with diabetes in Italy: Results from a survey of the Working Group on Diabetes and Technology. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2392-2398. [PMID: 35970683 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The use of technology offers recognized benefits to persons with diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the organization of healthcare facilities, the composition of the diabetes team, and the use of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) in Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS Diabetes care centers were asked to complete a web survey based on information collected in 2018. Sixty-one pediatric and 243 adult centers participated in the survey, accounting for 507,386 patients, mostly with type 2 diabetes (86.4%). Fifty-three percent of pediatric centers and 11% of adult centers reported a team composed of diabetologists, nurses, and psychologists. Overall, 13,204 patients (2.6%) were using CSII (95% with type 1 diabetes), and 28,936 (5.7%), were using CGM (74% with type 1 diabetes). When stratifying for the type of diabetes, 24% and 40.8% of patients with type 1 were using CSII and CGM, respectively, whereas low use of technology was reported for patients with type 2 and women with gestational diabetes. The percentage of adult and pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes on CSII and CGM was respectively 21% and 32%, and 35% and 57%. CONCLUSIONS The spread of CGM and CSII increased in Italy between 2013 and 2018. However, the percentage of users is still lower than what is expected based on clinical indications for use of technology. The inadequate number of professionals in the diabetes care team and insufficient economic resources are relevant barriers to disseminating technology for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pitocco
- Diabetes Care Unit, UOSD Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Laurenzi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Assaloni
- Diabetes Unit ASS2 Bassa-Friulana Isontina, Udine, Monfalcone [GO], Italy
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Guardasole
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, University City Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sergio Di Molfetta
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Division of Pediatrics, San Raffaele Hospital, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaramuzza
- Division of Pediatrics, ASST Cremona, "Ospedale Maggiore di Cremona", Cremona, Italy
| | - Concetta Irace
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Valentino Cherubini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, G. Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
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17
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Abud AA, Abi B, Acciarri R, Acero MA, Adames MR, Adamov G, Adamowski M, Adams D, Adinolfi M, Aduszkiewicz A, Aguilar J, Ahmad Z, Ahmed J, Aimard B, Ali-Mohammadzadeh B, Alion T, Allison K, Monsalve SA, AlRashed M, Alt C, Alton A, Alvarez R, Amedo P, Anderson J, Andreopoulos C, Andreotti M, Andrews M, Andrianala F, Andringa S, Anfimov N, Ankowski A, Antoniassi M, Antonova M, Antoshkin A, Antusch S, Aranda-Fernandez A, Arellano L, Arnold LO, Arroyave MA, Asaadi J, Asquith L, Aurisano A, Aushev V, Autiero D, Lara VA, Ayala-Torres M, Azfar F, Back A, Back H, Back JJ, Backhouse C, Bagaturia I, Bagby L, Balashov N, Balasubramanian S, Baldi P, Baller B, Bambah B, Barao F, Barenboim G, Alzas PB, Barker G, Barkhouse W, Barnes C, Barr G, Monarca JB, Barros A, Barros N, Barrow JL, Basharina-Freshville A, Bashyal A, Basque V, Batchelor C, Chagas EBD, Battat JBR, Battisti F, Bay F, Bazetto MCQ, Alba JLLB, Beacom JF, Bechetoille E, Behera B, Beigbeder C, Bellantoni L, Bellettini G, Bellini V, Beltramello O, Benekos N, Montiel CB, Neves FB, Berger J, Berkman S, Bernardini P, Berner RM, Bersani A, Bertolucci S, Betancourt M, Rodríguez AB, Bevan A, Bezawada Y, Bezerra TJC, Bhardwaj A, Bhatnagar V, Bhattacharjee M, Bhattarai D, Bhuller S, Bhuyan B, Biagi S, Bian J, Biassoni M, Biery K, Bilki B, Bishai M, Bitadze A, Blake A, Blaszczyk F, Blazey GC, Blucher E, Boissevain J, Bolognesi S, Bolton T, Bomben L, Bonesini M, Bongrand M, Bonilla-Diaz C, Bonini F, Booth A, Boran F, Bordoni S, Borkum A, Bostan N, Bour P, Bourgeois C, Boyden D, Bracinik J, Braga D, Brailsford D, Branca A, Brandt A, Bremer J, Breton D, Brew C, Brice SJ, Brizzolari C, Bromberg C, Brooke J, Bross A, Brunetti G, Brunetti M, Buchanan N, Budd H, Butorov I, Cagnoli I, Cai T, Caiulo D, Calabrese R, Calafiura P, Calcutt J, Calin M, Calvez S, Calvo E, Caminata A, Campanelli M, Caratelli D, Carber D, Carceller JC, Carini G, Carlus B, Carneiro MF, Carniti P, Terrazas IC, Carranza H, Carroll T, Forero JFC, Castillo A, Castromonte C, Catano-Mur E, Cattadori C, Cavalier F, Cavallaro G, Cavanna F, Centro S, Cerati G, Cervelli A, Villanueva AC, Chalifour M, Chappell A, Chardonnet E, Charitonidis N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Neyra MSSC, Chen H, Chen M, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chen-Wishart Z, Cheon Y, Cherdack D, Chi C, Childress S, Chirco R, Chiriacescu A, Chisnall G, Cho K, Choate S, Chokheli D, Chong PS, Christensen A, Christian D, Christodoulou G, Chukanov A, Chung M, Church E, Cicero V, Clarke P, Cline G, Coan TE, Cocco AG, Coelho JAB, Colton N, Conley E, Conley R, Conrad J, Convery M, Copello S, Cova P, Cremaldi L, Cremonesi L, Crespo-Anadón JI, Crisler M, Cristaldo E, Crnkovic J, Cross R, Cudd A, Cuesta C, Cui Y, Cussans D, Dalager O, da Motta H, Da Silva Peres L, David C, David Q, Davies GS, Davini S, Dawson J, De K, De S, Debbins P, De Bonis I, Decowski MP, De Gouvêa A, De Holanda PC, De Icaza Astiz IL, Deisting A, De Jong P, Delbart A, Delepine D, Delgado M, Dell’Acqua A, Delmonte N, De Lurgio P, de Mello Neto JRT, DeMuth DM, Dennis S, Densham C, Deptuch GW, De Roeck A, De Romeri V, De Souza G, Devi R, Dharmapalan R, Dias M, Diaz F, Díaz JS, Domizio SD, Giulio LD, Ding P, Noto LD, Dirkx G, Distefano C, Diurba R, Diwan M, Djurcic Z, Doering D, Dolan S, Dolek F, Dolinski M, Domine L, Donon Y, Douglas D, Douillet D, Dragone A, Drake G, Drielsma F, Duarte L, Duchesneau D, Duffy K, Dunne P, Dutta B, Duyang H, Dvornikov O, Dwyer D, Dyshkant A, Eads M, Earle A, Edmunds D, Eisch J, Emberger L, Emery S, Englezos P, Ereditato A, Erjavec T, Escobar C, Eurin G, Evans JJ, Ewart E, Ezeribe AC, Fahey K, Falcone A, Fani’ M, Farnese C, Farzan Y, Fedoseev D, Felix J, Feng Y, Fernandez-Martinez E, Menendez PF, Morales MF, Ferraro F, Fields L, Filip P, Filthaut F, Fiorini M, Fischer V, Fitzpatrick RS, Flanagan W, Fleming B, Flight R, Fogarty S, Foreman W, Fowler J, Fox W, Franc J, Francis K, Franco D, Freeman J, Freestone J, Fried J, Friedland A, Robayo FF, Fuess S, Furic IK, Furman K, Furmanski AP, Gabrielli A, Gago A, Gallagher H, Gallas A, Gallego-Ros A, Gallice N, Galymov V, Gamberini E, Gamble T, Ganacim F, Gandhi R, Gandrajula R, Gao F, Gao S, Garcia-Gamez D, García-Peris MÁ, Gardiner S, Gastler D, Gauvreau J, Ge G, Geffroy N, Gelli B, Gendotti A, Gent S, Ghorbani-Moghaddam Z, Giammaria P, Giammaria T, Giangiacomi N, Gibin D, Gil-Botella I, Gilligan S, Girerd C, Giri AK, Gnani D, Gogota O, Gold M, Gollapinni S, Gollwitzer K, Gomes RA, Bermeo LVG, Fajardo LSG, Gonnella F, Gonzalez-Diaz D, Gonzalez-Lopez M, Goodman MC, Goodwin O, Goswami S, Gotti C, Goudzovski E, Grace C, Gran R, Granados E, Granger P, Grant A, Grant C, Gratieri D, Green P, Greenler L, Greer J, Grenard J, Griffith WC, Groh M, Grudzinski J, Grzelak K, Gu W, Guardincerri E, Guarino V, Guarise M, Guenette R, Guerard E, Guerzoni M, Guffanti D, Guglielmi A, Guo B, Gupta A, Gupta V, Guthikonda KK, Gutierrez R, Guzowski P, Guzzo MM, Gwon S, Ha C, Haaf K, Habig A, Hadavand H, Haenni R, Hahn A, Haiston J, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hamernik T, Hamilton P, Han J, Harris DA, Hartnell J, Hartnett T, Harton J, Hasegawa T, Hasnip C, Hatcher R, Hatfield KW, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayes C, Hayrapetyan K, Hays J, Hazen E, He M, Heavey A, Heeger KM, Heise J, Henry S, Morquecho MAH, Herner K, Hewes J, Hilgenberg C, Hill T, Hillier SJ, Himmel A, Hinkle E, Hirsch LR, Ho J, Hoff J, Holin A, Hoppe E, Horton-Smith GA, Hostert M, Hourlier A, Howard B, Howell R, Hoyos J, Hristova I, Hronek MS, Huang J, Hulcher Z, Iles G, Ilic N, Iliescu AM, Illingworth R, Ingratta G, Ioannisian A, Irwin B, Isenhower L, Itay R, Jackson CM, Jain V, James E, Jang W, Jargowsky B, Jediny F, Jena D, Jeong YS, Jesús-Valls C, Ji X, Jiang L, Jiménez S, Jipa A, Johnson R, Johnson W, Johnston N, Jones B, Jones S, Judah M, Jung CK, Junk T, Jwa Y, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth A, Kadenko I, Kakorin I, Kalitkina A, Kalra D, Kamiya F, Kaneshige N, Kaplan DM, Karagiorgi G, Karaman G, Karcher A, Karolak M, Karyotakis Y, Kasai S, Kasetti SP, Kashur L, Kazaryan N, Kearns E, Keener P, Kelly KJ, Kemp E, Kemularia O, Ketchum W, Kettell SH, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Khvedelidze A, Kim D, King B, Kirby B, Kirby M, Klein J, Klustova A, Kobilarcik T, Koehler K, Koerner LW, Koh DH, Kohn S, Koller PP, Kolupaeva L, Korablev D, Kordosky M, Kosc T, Kose U, Kostelecký VA, Kothekar K, Kralik R, Kreczko L, Krennrich F, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kroupova T, Kubota S, Kudenko Y, Kudryavtsev VA, Kulagin S, Kumar J, Kumar P, Kunze P, Kurita N, Kuruppu C, Kus V, Kutter T, Kvasnicka J, Kwak D, Lambert A, Land B, Lane CE, Lang K, Langford T, Langstaff M, Larkin J, Lasorak P, Last D, Laundrie A, Laurenti G, Lawrence A, Lazanu I, LaZur R, Lazzaroni M, Le T, Leardini S, Learned J, LeBrun P, LeCompte T, Lee C, Lee SY, Miotto GL, Lehnert R, de Oliveira MAL, Leitner M, Lepin LM, Li SW, Li Y, Liao H, Lin CS, Lin Q, Lin S, Lineros RA, Ling J, Lister A, Littlejohn BR, Liu J, Liu Y, Lockwitz S, Loew T, Lokajicek M, Lomidze I, Long K, Lord T, LoSecco JM, Louis WC, Lu XG, Luk KB, Lunday B, Luo X, Luppi E, Lux T, Luzio VP, Maalmi J, MacFarlane D, Machado AA, Machado P, Macias CT, Macier JR, Maddalena A, Madera A, Madigan P, Magill S, Mahn K, Maio A, Major A, Maloney JA, Mandrioli G, Mandujano RC, Maneira J, Manenti L, Manly S, Mann A, Manolopoulos K, Plata MM, Manyam VN, Manzanillas L, Marchan M, Marchionni A, Marciano W, Marfatia D, Mariani C, Maricic J, Marie R, Marinho F, Marino AD, Marsden D, Marshak M, Marshall C, Marshall J, Marteau J, Martín-Albo J, Martinez N, Caicedo DAM, Miravé PM, Martynenko S, Mascagna V, Mason K, Mastbaum A, Matichard F, Matsuno S, Matthews J, Mauger C, Mauri N, Mavrokoridis K, Mawby I, Mazza R, Mazzacane A, Mazzucato E, McAskill T, McCluskey E, McConkey N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, McNab A, Mefodiev A, Mehta P, Melas P, Mena O, Mendez H, Mendez P, Méndez DP, Menegolli A, Meng G, Messier MD, Metcalf W, Mettler T, Mewes M, Meyer H, Miao T, Michna G, Miedema T, Mikola V, Milincic R, Miller G, Miller W, Mills J, Mineev O, Minotti A, Miranda OG, Miryala S, Mishra CS, Mishra SR, Mislivec A, Mitchell M, Mladenov D, Mocioiu I, Moffat K, Moggi N, Mohanta R, Mohayai TA, Mokhov N, Molina J, Bueno LM, Montagna E, Montanari A, Montanari C, Montanari D, Zetina LMM, Moon SH, Mooney M, Moor AF, Moreno D, Moretti D, Morris C, Mossey C, Mote M, Motuk E, Moura CA, Mousseau J, Mouster G, Mu W, Mualem L, Mueller J, Muether M, Mufson S, Muheim F, Muir A, Mulhearn M, Munford D, Muramatsu H, Murphy S, Musser J, Nachtman J, Nagu S, Nalbandyan M, Nandakumar R, Naples D, Narita S, Nath A, Navrer-Agasson A, Nayak N, Nebot-Guinot M, Negishi K, Nelson JK, Nesbit J, Nessi M, Newbold D, Newcomer M, Newton H, Nichol R, Nicolas-Arnaldos F, Nikolica A, Niner E, Nishimura K, Norman A, Norrick A, Northrop R, Novella P, Nowak JA, Oberling M, Ochoa-Ricoux J, Olivier A, Olshevskiy A, Onel Y, Onishchuk Y, Ott J, Pagani L, Palacio G, Palamara O, Palestini S, Paley JM, Pallavicini M, Palomares C, Vazquez WP, Pantic E, Paolone V, Papadimitriou V, Papaleo R, Papanestis A, Paramesvaran S, Parke S, Parozzi E, Parsa Z, Parvu M, Pascoli S, Pasqualini L, Pasternak J, Pater J, Patrick C, Patrizii L, Patterson RB, Patton SJ, Patzak T, Paudel A, Paulos B, Paulucci L, Pavlovic Z, Pawloski G, Payne D, Pec V, Peeters SJM, Perez AP, Pennacchio E, Penzo A, Peres OLG, Perry J, Pershey D, Pessina G, Petrillo G, Petta C, Petti R, Pia V, Piastra F, Pickering L, Pietropaolo F, Pimentel VL, Pinaroli G, Plows K, Plunkett R, Poling R, Pompa F, Pons X, Poonthottathil N, Poppi F, Pordes S, Porter J, Potekhin M, Potenza R, Potukuchi BVKS, Pozimski J, Pozzato M, Prakash S, Prakash T, Prest M, Prince S, Psihas F, Pugnere D, Qian X, Raaf JL, Radeka V, Rademacker J, Radics B, Rafique A, Raguzin E, Rai M, Rajaoalisoa M, Rakhno I, Rakotonandrasana A, Rakotondravohitra L, Rameika R, Delgado MAR, Ramson B, Rappoldi A, Raselli G, Ratoff P, Raut S, Razakamiandra RF, Rea EM, Real JS, Rebel B, Rechenmacher R, Reggiani-Guzzo M, Reichenbacher J, 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Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2022; 82:618. [PMID: 35859696 PMCID: PMC9288420 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Abed Abud
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE UK
| | - B. Abi
- University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - R. Acciarri
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. A. Acero
- Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Atlántico Colombia
| | - M. R. Adames
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - G. Adamov
- Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - M. Adamowski
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - D. Adams
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | | | - J. Aguilar
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Z. Ahmad
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 064 India
| | - J. Ahmed
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - B. Aimard
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - B. Ali-Mohammadzadeh
- Università di Catania, 2, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - T. Alion
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - K. Allison
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - S. Alonso Monsalve
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
- ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. AlRashed
- Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | - C. Alt
- ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A. Alton
- Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA
| | - R. Alvarez
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Amedo
- Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias, A Coruña, Spain
| | - J. Anderson
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - C. Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE UK
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - M. Andreotti
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M. Andrews
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - F. Andrianala
- University of Antananarivo, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - S. Andringa
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - N. Anfimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - A. Ankowski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - M. Antoniassi
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - M. Antonova
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - A. Antoshkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - S. Antusch
- University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - L. Arellano
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | | | | | - J. Asaadi
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - L. Asquith
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - A. Aurisano
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - V. Aushev
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - D. Autiero
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - M. Ayala-Torres
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F. Azfar
- University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - A. Back
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - H. Back
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA
| | - J. J. Back
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | | | | | - L. Bagby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - N. Balashov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | | | - P. Baldi
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - B. Baller
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - B. Bambah
- University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046 India
| | - F. Barao
- Instituto Superior Técnico-IST, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - G. Barenboim
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - P. Barham Alzas
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - G. Barker
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - W. Barkhouse
- University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8357 USA
| | - C. Barnes
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - G. Barr
- University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | | | - A. Barros
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - N. Barros
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa-FCUL, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J. L. Barrow
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | | | - A. Bashyal
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - V. Basque
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | | | | | | | | | - F. Bay
- Antalya Bilim University, 07190 Döşemealti/Antalya, Turkey
| | - M. C. Q. Bazetto
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | | | | | - E. Bechetoille
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - B. Behera
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - C. Beigbeder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L. Bellantoni
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - V. Bellini
- Università di Catania, 2, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - O. Beltramello
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - N. Benekos
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - F. Bento Neves
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J. Berger
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - S. Berkman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - P. Bernardini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - A. Bersani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - S. Bertolucci
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - M. Betancourt
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - A. Bevan
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - Y. Bezawada
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | | | - A. Bhardwaj
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - V. Bhatnagar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014 India
| | - M. Bhattacharjee
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039 India
| | - D. Bhattarai
- University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - S. Bhuller
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | - B. Bhuyan
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039 India
| | - S. Biagi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - J. Bian
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - M. Biassoni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - K. Biery
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - B. Bilki
- Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - M. Bishai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - A. Bitadze
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - A. Blake
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK
| | - F. Blaszczyk
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. C. Blazey
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - E. Blucher
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - J. Boissevain
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - S. Bolognesi
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T. Bolton
- Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | - L. Bomben
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- University of Insubria, Via Ravasi, 2, 21100 Varese, VA Italy
| | - M. Bonesini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Bongrand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | | | - F. Bonini
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - A. Booth
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - F. Boran
- Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S. Bordoni
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - A. Borkum
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - N. Bostan
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - P. Bour
- Czech Technical University, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - C. Bourgeois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D. Boyden
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - J. Bracinik
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - D. Braga
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - A. Branca
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Brandt
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - J. Bremer
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - D. Breton
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - C. Brew
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - S. J. Brice
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - C. Brizzolari
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - C. Bromberg
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - J. Brooke
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | - A. Bross
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Brunetti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - N. Buchanan
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - H. Budd
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - I. Butorov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - I. Cagnoli
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - T. Cai
- York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - D. Caiulo
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - R. Calabrese
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P. Calafiura
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. Calcutt
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - M. Calin
- University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S. Calvez
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - E. Calvo
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Caminata
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | | | - D. Caratelli
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - D. Carber
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | | | - G. Carini
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - B. Carlus
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - P. Carniti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - H. Carranza
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - T. Carroll
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - A. Castillo
- Universidad Sergio Arboleda, 11022 Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - E. Catano-Mur
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA
| | - C. Cattadori
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - F. Cavalier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G. Cavallaro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - F. Cavanna
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Centro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Universtà degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - G. Cerati
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Cervelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - A. Cervera Villanueva
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - M. Chalifour
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - E. Chardonnet
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - N. Charitonidis
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - S. Chattopadhyay
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 064 India
| | | | - H. Chen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Chen
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Y. Chen
- University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Z. Chen
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | | | - Y. Cheon
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 689-798 South Korea
| | - D. Cherdack
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - C. Chi
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - S. Childress
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - R. Chirco
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | | | | | - K. Cho
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, 34141 South Korea
| | - S. Choate
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - D. Chokheli
- Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - P. S. Chong
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | | | - D. Christian
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Christodoulou
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - A. Chukanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - M. Chung
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 689-798 South Korea
| | - E. Church
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA
| | - V. Cicero
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - P. Clarke
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL UK
| | - G. Cline
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - T. E. Coan
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275 USA
| | - A. G. Cocco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - J. A. B. Coelho
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - N. Colton
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - E. Conley
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - R. Conley
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - J. Conrad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - M. Convery
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Copello
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - P. Cova
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- University of Parma, 43121 Parma, PR Italy
| | - L. Cremaldi
- University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - L. Cremonesi
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - J. I. Crespo-Anadón
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Crisler
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - E. Cristaldo
- Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - J. Crnkovic
- University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - R. Cross
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK
| | - A. Cudd
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - C. Cuesta
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Y. Cui
- University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - D. Cussans
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | - O. Dalager
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - H. da Motta
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-180 Brazil
| | - L. Da Silva Peres
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901 Brazil
| | - C. David
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Q. David
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - G. S. Davies
- University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - S. Davini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - J. Dawson
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - K. De
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - S. De
- University of Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222 USA
| | - P. Debbins
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - I. De Bonis
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - M. P. Decowski
- University of Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - P. C. De Holanda
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | | | | | - P. De Jong
- University of Amsterdam, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. Delbart
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Delepine
- Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. 37000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - M. Delgado
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Dell’Acqua
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - N. Delmonte
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- University of Parma, 43121 Parma, PR Italy
| | - P. De Lurgio
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | | | - D. M. DeMuth
- Valley City State University, Valley City, ND 58072 USA
| | - S. Dennis
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE UK
| | - C. Densham
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | | | - A. De Roeck
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - V. De Romeri
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - G. De Souza
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - R. Devi
- University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006 India
| | | | - M. Dias
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 09913-030 Brazil
| | - F. Diaz
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - J. S. Díaz
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - S. Di Domizio
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - L. Di Giulio
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - P. Ding
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. Di Noto
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - G. Dirkx
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - C. Distefano
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R. Diurba
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - M. Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - Z. Djurcic
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - D. Doering
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Dolan
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - F. Dolek
- Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Dolinski
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - L. Domine
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Y. Donon
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - D. Douglas
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - D. Douillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A. Dragone
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - G. Drake
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - F. Drielsma
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - L. Duarte
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 09913-030 Brazil
| | - D. Duchesneau
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - K. Duffy
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - P. Dunne
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - B. Dutta
- Texas A &M University, College Station, 77840 USA
| | - H. Duyang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | | | - D. Dwyer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - A. Dyshkant
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - M. Eads
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - A. Earle
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - D. Edmunds
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - J. Eisch
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. Emberger
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
- Max-Planck-Institut, 80805 Munich, Germany
| | - S. Emery
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P. Englezos
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | | | - T. Erjavec
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - C. Escobar
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Eurin
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J. J. Evans
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - E. Ewart
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | | | - K. Fahey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Falcone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Fani’
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - C. Farnese
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Y. Farzan
- Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - D. Fedoseev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - J. Felix
- Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. 37000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Y. Feng
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | | | - P. Fernandez Menendez
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | | | - F. Ferraro
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - L. Fields
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - P. Filip
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - F. Filthaut
- Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M. Fiorini
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - V. Fischer
- Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 USA
| | | | - W. Flanagan
- University of Dallas, Irving, TX 75062-4736 USA
| | - B. Fleming
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - R. Flight
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - S. Fogarty
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - W. Foreman
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | - J. Fowler
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - W. Fox
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - J. Franc
- Czech Technical University, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - K. Francis
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - D. Franco
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - J. Freeman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Freestone
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - J. Fried
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - A. Friedland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | | | - S. Fuess
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - I. K. Furic
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-8440 USA
| | - K. Furman
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - A. P. Furmanski
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - A. Gabrielli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - A. Gago
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | | | - A. Gallas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A. Gallego-Ros
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Gallice
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - V. Galymov
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - E. Gamberini
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - T. Gamble
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH UK
| | - F. Ganacim
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - R. Gandhi
- Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Jhunsi, Allahabad, 211 019 India
| | - R. Gandrajula
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - F. Gao
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - S. Gao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | - M. Á. García-Peris
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - S. Gardiner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - J. Gauvreau
- Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA
| | - G. Ge
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - N. Geffroy
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - B. Gelli
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | | | - S. Gent
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA
| | | | - P. Giammaria
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - T. Giammaria
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - D. Gibin
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Universtà degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - I. Gil-Botella
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Gilligan
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - C. Girerd
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A. K. Giri
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285 India
| | - D. Gnani
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - O. Gogota
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - M. Gold
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - S. Gollapinni
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - K. Gollwitzer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - R. A. Gomes
- Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, GO 74690-900 Brazil
| | | | | | - F. Gonnella
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | | | | | | | - O. Goodwin
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - S. Goswami
- Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, 380 009 India
| | - C. Gotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - C. Grace
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - R. Gran
- University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
| | - E. Granados
- Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. 37000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - P. Granger
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. Grant
- Daresbury Laboratory, Cheshire, WA4 4AD UK
| | - C. Grant
- Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - D. Gratieri
- Fluminense Federal University, 9 Icaraí, Niterói, RJ 24220-900 Brazil
| | - P. Green
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - L. Greenler
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. Greer
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | - J. Grenard
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - M. Groh
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | | | - K. Grzelak
- University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - W. Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | - V. Guarino
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - M. Guarise
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - E. Guerard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M. Guerzoni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - D. Guffanti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Guglielmi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - B. Guo
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - A. Gupta
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - V. Gupta
- Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - P. Guzowski
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - M. M. Guzzo
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - S. Gwon
- Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
| | - C. Ha
- Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
| | - K. Haaf
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Habig
- University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812 USA
| | - H. Hadavand
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - R. Haenni
- University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - A. Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Haiston
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | | | - T. Hamernik
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - P. Hamilton
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - J. Han
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - D. A. Harris
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Canada
| | | | - T. Hartnett
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - J. Harton
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - T. Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki, 305-0801 Japan
| | - C. Hasnip
- University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - R. Hatcher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | | | - C. Hayes
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | | | - J. Hays
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - E. Hazen
- Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - M. He
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - A. Heavey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - J. Heise
- Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, SD 57754 USA
| | - S. Henry
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | | | - K. Herner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Hewes
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - C. Hilgenberg
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - T. Hill
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA
| | | | - A. Himmel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - E. Hinkle
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - L. R. Hirsch
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - J. Ho
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - J. Hoff
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Holin
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - E. Hoppe
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA
| | | | - M. Hostert
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - A. Hourlier
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - B. Howard
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - R. Howell
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - J. Hoyos
- University of Medellín, Medellín, 050026 Colombia
| | - I. Hristova
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - M. S. Hronek
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Huang
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Z. Hulcher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - G. Iles
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - N. Ilic
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1 Canada
| | - A. M. Iliescu
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - R. Illingworth
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Ingratta
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - A. Ioannisian
- Yerevan Institute for Theoretical Physics and Modeling, Yerevan, 0036 Armenia
| | - B. Irwin
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - L. Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79601 USA
| | - R. Itay
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - C. M. Jackson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352 USA
| | - V. Jain
- University of Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222 USA
| | - E. James
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - W. Jang
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - B. Jargowsky
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - F. Jediny
- Czech Technical University, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - D. Jena
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - Y. S. Jeong
- Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - C. Jesús-Valls
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X. Ji
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - L. Jiang
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA
| | - S. Jiménez
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Jipa
- University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - R. Johnson
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - W. Johnson
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - N. Johnston
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - B. Jones
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - S. Jones
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - M. Judah
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - C. K. Jung
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - T. Junk
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - Y. Jwa
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | | | - A. Kaboth
- Royal Holloway College, London, TW20 0EX UK
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - I. Kadenko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - I. Kakorin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - A. Kalitkina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - D. Kalra
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - F. Kamiya
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
| | - N. Kaneshige
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| | - D. M. Kaplan
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | | | - G. Karaman
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - A. Karcher
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - M. Karolak
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y. Karyotakis
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - S. Kasai
- National Institute of Technology, Kure College, Hiroshima, 737-8506 Japan
| | - S. P. Kasetti
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - L. Kashur
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - N. Kazaryan
- Yerevan Institute for Theoretical Physics and Modeling, Yerevan, 0036 Armenia
| | - E. Kearns
- Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - P. Keener
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - K. J. Kelly
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - E. Kemp
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | | | - W. Ketchum
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - M. Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | - A. Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | | | - D. Kim
- Texas A &M University, College Station, 77840 USA
| | - B. King
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - B. Kirby
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - M. Kirby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Klein
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - A. Klustova
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - T. Kobilarcik
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - K. Koehler
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - D. H. Koh
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Kohn
- University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | | | - L. Kolupaeva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - D. Korablev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - M. Kordosky
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA
| | - T. Kosc
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - U. Kose
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | | | - R. Kralik
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - L. Kreczko
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | | | - I. Kreslo
- University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - W. Kropp
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - T. Kroupova
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - S. Kubota
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Y. Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | | | - S. Kulagin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | - J. Kumar
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - P. Kumar
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH UK
| | - P. Kunze
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - N. Kurita
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - C. Kuruppu
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - V. Kus
- Czech Technical University, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - T. Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - J. Kvasnicka
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - D. Kwak
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 689-798 South Korea
| | - A. Lambert
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - B. Land
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - C. E. Lane
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - K. Lang
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | | | - M. Langstaff
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - J. Larkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - P. Lasorak
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - D. Last
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - A. Laundrie
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - G. Laurenti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - A. Lawrence
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - I. Lazanu
- University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - R. LaZur
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - M. Lazzaroni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - T. Le
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | - S. Leardini
- Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias, A Coruña, Spain
| | - J. Learned
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - P. LeBrun
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - T. LeCompte
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - C. Lee
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Y. Lee
- Jeonbuk National University, Jeonrabuk-do, 54896 South Korea
| | - G. Lehmann Miotto
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - R. Lehnert
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | | | - M. Leitner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - L. M. Lepin
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - S. W. Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Y. Li
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - H. Liao
- Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | - C. S. Lin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Q. Lin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Lin
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | | | - J. Ling
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - A. Lister
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - J. Liu
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Y. Liu
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - S. Lockwitz
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - T. Loew
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - M. Lokajicek
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - I. Lomidze
- Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - K. Long
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - T. Lord
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | | | - W. C. Louis
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - X.-G. Lu
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - K. B. Luk
- University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - B. Lunday
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - X. Luo
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| | - E. Luppi
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - T. Lux
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - V. P. Luzio
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
| | - J. Maalmi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D. MacFarlane
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - A. A. Machado
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - P. Machado
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - J. R. Macier
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Maddalena
- Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, AQ Italy
| | - A. Madera
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - P. Madigan
- University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - S. Magill
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - K. Mahn
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - A. Maio
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa-FCUL, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A. Major
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | | | - G. Mandrioli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | | | - J. Maneira
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa-FCUL, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L. Manenti
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - S. Manly
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - A. Mann
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | | | | | - V. N. Manyam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - L. Manzanillas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M. Marchan
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Marchionni
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - W. Marciano
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - D. Marfatia
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | | | - J. Maricic
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - R. Marie
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - F. Marinho
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP 13604-900 Brazil
| | - A. D. Marino
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - D. Marsden
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - M. Marshak
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - C. Marshall
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | | | - J. Marteau
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - J. Martín-Albo
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - N. Martinez
- Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | | | - P. Martínez Miravé
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - S. Martynenko
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - V. Mascagna
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- University of Insubria, Via Ravasi, 2, 21100 Varese, VA Italy
| | - K. Mason
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | - A. Mastbaum
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - F. Matichard
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - S. Matsuno
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - J. Matthews
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - C. Mauger
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - N. Mauri
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | | | - I. Mawby
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - R. Mazza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Mazzacane
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - E. Mazzucato
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - E. McCluskey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - N. McConkey
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | | | - C. McGrew
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - A. McNab
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - A. Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | - P. Mehta
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - P. Melas
- University of Athens, 157 84 Zografou, Greece
| | - O. Mena
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - H. Mendez
- University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA
| | - P. Mendez
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - D. P. Méndez
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - A. Menegolli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV Italy
| | - G. Meng
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | | | - W. Metcalf
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - T. Mettler
- University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Mewes
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - H. Meyer
- Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260 USA
| | - T. Miao
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Michna
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA
| | - T. Miedema
- Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - V. Mikola
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - R. Milincic
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - G. Miller
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - W. Miller
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - J. Mills
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | - O. Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | - A. Minotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - O. G. Miranda
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S. Miryala
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - C. S. Mishra
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. R. Mishra
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - A. Mislivec
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - M. Mitchell
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - D. Mladenov
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - I. Mocioiu
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - K. Moffat
- Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
| | - N. Moggi
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - R. Mohanta
- University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046 India
| | - T. A. Mohayai
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - N. Mokhov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Molina
- Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - L. Molina Bueno
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - E. Montagna
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - A. Montanari
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - C. Montanari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV Italy
| | - D. Montanari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. M. Montañno Zetina
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S. H. Moon
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 689-798 South Korea
| | - M. Mooney
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - A. F. Moor
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE UK
| | - D. Moreno
- Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D. Moretti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - C. Morris
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - C. Mossey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Mote
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - E. Motuk
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - C. A. Moura
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
| | - J. Mousseau
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - G. Mouster
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK
| | - W. Mu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. Mualem
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - J. Mueller
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - M. Muether
- Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260 USA
| | - S. Mufson
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - F. Muheim
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL UK
| | - A. Muir
- Daresbury Laboratory, Cheshire, WA4 4AD UK
| | - M. Mulhearn
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - D. Munford
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - H. Muramatsu
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | | | - J. Musser
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | | | - S. Nagu
- University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007 India
| | - M. Nalbandyan
- Yerevan Institute for Theoretical Physics and Modeling, Yerevan, 0036 Armenia
| | - R. Nandakumar
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - D. Naples
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - S. Narita
- Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551 Japan
| | - A. Nath
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039 India
| | | | - N. Nayak
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | | | - K. Negishi
- Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8551 Japan
| | - J. K. Nelson
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA
| | - J. Nesbit
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - M. Nessi
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - D. Newbold
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - M. Newcomer
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - H. Newton
- Daresbury Laboratory, Cheshire, WA4 4AD UK
| | - R. Nichol
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | | | - A. Nikolica
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - E. Niner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - A. Norman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Norrick
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - R. Northrop
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - P. Novella
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | | | - M. Oberling
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | | | - A. Olivier
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - A. Olshevskiy
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - Y. Onel
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Y. Onishchuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601 Ukraine
| | - J. Ott
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - L. Pagani
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - G. Palacio
- Universidad EIA, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - O. Palamara
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Palestini
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - J. M. Paley
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Pallavicini
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - C. Palomares
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - E. Pantic
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - V. Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | | | - R. Papaleo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - A. Papanestis
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | | | - S. Parke
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - E. Parozzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Z. Parsa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Parvu
- University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S. Pascoli
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
| | - L. Pasqualini
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - J. Pasternak
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - J. Pater
- University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - C. Patrick
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - L. Patrizii
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | | | - S. J. Patton
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - T. Patzak
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - A. Paudel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - B. Paulos
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - L. Paulucci
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210-580 Brazil
| | - Z. Pavlovic
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - G. Pawloski
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - D. Payne
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE UK
| | - V. Pec
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | | | - A. Pena Perez
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - E. Pennacchio
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A. Penzo
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - O. L. G. Peres
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - J. Perry
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL UK
| | | | - G. Pessina
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Petrillo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - C. Petta
- Università di Catania, 2, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R. Petti
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - V. Pia
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - F. Piastra
- University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - L. Pickering
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - F. Pietropaolo
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - V. L. Pimentel
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer, Amarais, Campinas, SP CEP 13069-901 Brazil
| | - G. Pinaroli
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - K. Plows
- University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - R. Plunkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - R. Poling
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - F. Pompa
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - X. Pons
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - F. Poppi
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - S. Pordes
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Porter
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - M. Potekhin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - R. Potenza
- Università di Catania, 2, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J. Pozimski
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - M. Pozzato
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - S. Prakash
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - T. Prakash
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - M. Prest
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - S. Prince
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - F. Psihas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - D. Pugnere
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - X. Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - J. L. Raaf
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - V. Radeka
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | | | - A. Rafique
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
| | - E. Raguzin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Rai
- University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | | | - I. Rakhno
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | | | - R. Rameika
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - B. Ramson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - A. Rappoldi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV Italy
| | - G. Raselli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV Italy
| | - P. Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB UK
| | - S. Raut
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | | | - E. M. Rea
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - J. S. Real
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - B. Rebel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - R. Rechenmacher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - J. Reichenbacher
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - S. D. Reitzner
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - H. Rejeb Sfar
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - A. Renshaw
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - S. Rescia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - F. Resnati
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - M. Ribas
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - S. Riboldi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - C. Riccio
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - G. Riccobene
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J. S. Ricol
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A. Rigamonti
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - D. Rivera
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - A. Robert
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - L. Rochester
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - M. Roda
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Rosenberg
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - P. Rosier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B. Roskovec
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - M. Rossella
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, PV Italy
| | - M. Rossi
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - J. Rout
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - P. Roy
- Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260 USA
| | | | - C. Rubbia
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - B. Russell
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | | | - A. Rybnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | | | - R. Saakyan
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - S. Sacerdoti
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - T. Safford
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - N. Sahu
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285 India
| | - K. Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki, 305-0801 Japan
| | - P. Sala
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - N. Samios
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - O. Samoylov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | | | - V. Sandberg
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | | | - D. Sankey
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - S. Santana
- University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA
| | | | | | - P. Sapienza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - C. Sarasty
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | | | - G. Savage
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - V. Savinov
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - A. Scaramelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Scarff
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH UK
| | - A. Scarpelli
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - T. Schefke
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - H. Schellman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - S. Schifano
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P. Schlabach
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - D. Schmitz
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - A. W. Schneider
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | | | - A. Schukraft
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - E. Segreto
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - A. Selyunin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - C. R. Senise
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 09913-030 Brazil
| | - J. Sensenig
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - A. Sergi
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | | | | | - S. Shafaq
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - F. Shaker
- York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - M. Shamma
- University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | | | | | - R. Sharma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - R. K. Sharma
- Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India
| | - T. Shaw
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - K. Shchablo
- Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - A. Sheshukov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - S. Shin
- Jeonbuk National University, Jeonrabuk-do, 54896 South Korea
| | | | - D. Shooltz
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - R. Shrock
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - H. Siegel
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - L. Simard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J. Sinclair
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - G. Sinev
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - J. Singh
- University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007 India
| | - J. Singh
- University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007 India
| | - L. Singh
- Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 824236 India
| | - P. Singh
- Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS UK
| | - V. Singh
- Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 India
- Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 824236 India
| | - R. Sipos
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - G. Sirri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - A. Sitraka
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - K. Siyeon
- Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
| | - K. Skarpaas
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - A. Smith
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE UK
| | - E. Smith
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - P. Smith
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - J. Smolik
- Czech Technical University, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - M. Smy
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - E. Snider
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - P. Snopok
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | | | | | - H. Sobel
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | | | - S. Sokolov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | | | | | - S. R. Soleti
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - N. Solomey
- Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260 USA
| | - V. Solovov
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - W. E. Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - M. Sorel
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - A. Sotnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - J. Soto-Oton
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A. Sousa
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - K. Soustruznik
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | | | - M. Spanu
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - J. Spitz
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | | | | | - M. Stancari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. Stanco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Universtà degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | | | - R. Stein
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | - H. M. Steiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | | | - J. Stewart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | - J. Stock
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - F. Stocker
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - T. Stokes
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - M. Strait
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - T. Strauss
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - L. Strigari
- Texas A &M University, College Station, 77840 USA
| | - A. Stuart
- Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | | | - H. Sullivan
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - D. Summers
- University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - A. Surdo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - V. Susic
- University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - L. Suter
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - C. M. Sutera
- Università di Catania, 2, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R. Svoboda
- University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - B. Szczerbinska
- Texas A &M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA
| | - A. M. Szelc
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL UK
| | - H. Tanaka
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - A. Tapia
- University of Medellín, Medellín, 050026 Colombia
| | | | - A. Tapper
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - S. Tariq
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - E. Tarpara
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - N. Tata
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - E. Tatar
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA
| | - R. Tayloe
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - A. M. Teklu
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - P. Tennessen
- Antalya Bilim University, 07190 Döşemealti/Antalya, Turkey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - M. Tenti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - K. Terao
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - C. A. Ternes
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - F. Terranova
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Testera
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - T. Thakore
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - A. Thea
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | | | - C. Thorn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - S. C. Timm
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - L. Tomassetti
- University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - A. Tonazzo
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - D. Torbunov
- University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - M. Torti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Tortola
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - F. Tortorici
- Università di Catania, 2, 95131 Catania, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - N. Tosi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - D. Totani
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| | - M. Toups
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - R. Travaglini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - J. Trevor
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - S. Trilov
- University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL UK
| | | | - Y. Tsai
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Y.-T. Tsai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | | | - K. V. Tsang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - N. Tsverava
- Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - S. Tufanli
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - C. Tull
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - E. Tyley
- University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH UK
| | - M. Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA
| | - L. Uboldi
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - J. Urheim
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - T. Usher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - S. Uzunyan
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - M. R. Vagins
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583 Japan
| | - P. Vahle
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA
| | - S. Valder
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | | | - E. Valencia
- Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. 37000 Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - R. Valentim
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 09913-030 Brazil
| | - Z. Vallari
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - E. Vallazza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - J. W. F. Valle
- Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980 Paterna, Valencia Spain
| | - S. Vallecorsa
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - R. Van Berg
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | | | | | - D. Vannerom
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - F. Varanini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - D. Vargas Oliva
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Varner
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - J. Vasel
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - S. Vasina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 6 Joliot-Curie, Dubna, Moscow Region 141980 Russia
| | - G. Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N. Vaughan
- Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - K. Vaziri
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - S. Ventura
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - A. Verdugo
- CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Vergani
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE UK
| | - M. A. Vermeulen
- Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. Verzocchi
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - M. Vicenzi
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - H. Vieira de Souza
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006 Paris, France
| | - C. Vignoli
- Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, AQ Italy
| | - C. Vilela
- CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Meyrin, Switzerland
| | - B. Viren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - T. Vrba
- Czech Technical University, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - T. Wachala
- H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - A. V. Waldron
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - M. Wallbank
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - C. Wallis
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - H. Wang
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Wang
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - L. Wang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | | | - X. Wang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - Y. Wang
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Y. Wang
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | | | - D. Warner
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - M. O. Wascko
- Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ UK
| | - D. Waters
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - A. Watson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - K. Wawrowska
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | | | - A. Weber
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Weber
- University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - H. Wei
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | | | - D. Wenman
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - A. White
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | | | | | - M. J. Wilking
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | | | - C. Wilkinson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Z. Williams
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - F. Wilson
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX UK
| | - R. J. Wilson
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - W. Wisniewski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | | | | | - A. Wood
- University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA
| | - K. Wood
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - E. Worcester
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - M. Worcester
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - K. Wresilo
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE UK
| | - C. Wret
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - W. Wu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - W. Wu
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Y. Xiao
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - F. Xie
- University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH UK
| | - B. Yaeggy
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - E. Yandel
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| | - G. Yang
- Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - K. Yang
- University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH UK
| | - T. Yang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | | | - N. Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia
| | - K. Yonehara
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - Y. S. Yoon
- Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974 South Korea
| | - T. Young
- University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8357 USA
| | - B. Yu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - H. Yu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - H. Yu
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - J. Yu
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Y. Yu
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
| | - W. Yuan
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL UK
| | - R. Zaki
- York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - J. Zalesak
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - L. Zambelli
- Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - B. Zamorano
- University of Granada & CAFPE, 18002 Granada, Spain
| | - A. Zani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - L. Zazueta
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA
| | - G. P. Zeller
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - J. Zennamo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
| | - K. Zeug
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - C. Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - S. Zhang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
| | - Y. Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - M. Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - E. Zhivun
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - G. Zhu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | | | - S. Zucchelli
- Università del Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO Italy
| | - J. Zuklin
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - V. Zutshi
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 USA
| | - R. Zwaska
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510 USA
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18
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Rabbone I, Savastio S, Pigniatiello C, Carducci C, Berioli MG, Cherubini V, Lo Presti D, Maltoni G, Mameli C, Marigliano M, Minuto N, Mozzillo E, Piccinno E, Predieri B, Rigamonti A, Ripoli C, Schiaffini R, Lombardo F, Tinti D, Toni S, Zanfardino A, Scaramuzza AE. Significant and persistent improvements in time in range and positive emotions in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using a closed-loop control system after attending a virtual educational camp. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:837-842. [PMID: 35312860 PMCID: PMC8935105 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the six-month impact of the advanced automated functions of a closed-loop control (CLC) system (Control-IQ) and a virtual educational camp (vEC) on emotions and time in range (TIR) of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS Children and their parents participated in a three-day vEC. Clinical, glucose, and emotion data were evaluated before, just after, and six months after the vEC. Emotions were evaluated using adapted Plutchik's and Geneva Emotion Wheels. RESULTS Forty-three children and adolescents (7-16 years) showed significant improvements in positive emotions immediately and six months after the vEC (67% and 65% vs 38%, p < 0.05, respectively), while mixed emotions were reduced (32% and 15% vs 61%, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). The median percentage TIR increased from 64% (IQR 54-72) to 75% (IQR 70-82) with Control-IQ (p < 0.001) six months after the vEC. CONCLUSIONS Positive emotions (joy, serenity, and satisfaction) significantly improved while mixed emotions were significantly worse six months after the initiation of a CLC system (Control-IQ) and a vEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Rabbone
- Department of Health and Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastio
- Department of Health and Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Ciro Pigniatiello
- Department of Health and Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | - Valentino Cherubini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, G. Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Maltoni
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Università Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elvira Piccinno
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Children's Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, University of Mdena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Ripoli
- Department of Pediatrics and Microcythemia, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology in adult and developmental age, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Tinti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sonia Toni
- Pediatric Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Enzo Scaramuzza
- Pediatric Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Division of Pediatrics, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy.
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19
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Cherubini V, Marino M, Scaramuzza AE, Tiberi V, Bobbio A, Delvecchio M, Piccinno E, Ortolani F, Innaurato S, Felappi B, Gallo F, Ripoli C, Ricciardi MR, Pascarella F, Stamati FA, Citriniti F, Arnaldi C, Monti S, Graziani V, De Berardinis F, Giannini C, Chiarelli F, Zampolli M, De Marco R, Bracciolini GP, Grosso C, De Donno V, Piccini B, Toni S, Coccioli S, Cardinale G, Bassi M, Minuto N, D’Annunzio G, Maffeis C, Marigliano M, Zanfardino A, Iafusco D, Rollato AS, Piscopo A, Curto S, Lombardo F, Bombaci B, Sordelli S, Mameli C, Macedoni M, Rigamonti A, Bonfanti R, Frontino G, Predieri B, Bruzzi P, Mozzillo E, Rosanio F, Franzese A, Piredda G, Cardella F, Iovane B, Calcaterra V, Berioli MG, Lasagni A, Pampanini V, Patera PI, Schiaffini R, Rutigliano I, Meloni G, De Sanctis L, Tinti D, Trada M, Guerraggio LP, Franceschi R, Cauvin V, Tornese G, Franco F, Musolino G, Maltoni G, Talarico V, Iannilli A, Lenzi L, Matteoli MC, Pozzi E, Moretti C, Zucchini S, Rabbone I, Gesuita R. Corrigendum: The silent epidemic of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents in italy during the covid-19 pandemic in 2020. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:977211. [PMID: 35992112 PMCID: PMC9387139 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.977211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article .].
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Cherubini
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital”, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Marino
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital”, Ancona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Marino,
| | - Andrea E. Scaramuzza
- Pediatric Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Pediatric Unit, ASST Cremona, Ospedale Maggiore, Cremona, Italy
| | - Valentina Tiberi
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital”, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Disorders Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Elvira Piccinno
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Disorders Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Ortolani
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Disorders Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Innaurato
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Pediatric Unit - San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Barbara Felappi
- Pediatric Clinic, Children’s Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Ripoli
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Pediatric and Microcytemia Department, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Filomena Pascarella
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Sant”Anna e San Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Felice Citriniti
- Department of Pediatrics “Pugliese-Ciaccio” Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Sara Monti
- Unit of Paediatrics, “ M.Bufalini” Hospital Cesena (FC), Unit of Paediatrics, “ S.M. Croci” Hospital Ravenna (RA), AUSL della Romagna Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Vanna Graziani
- Unit of Paediatrics, “ M.Bufalini” Hospital Cesena (FC), Unit of Paediatrics, “ S.M. Croci” Hospital Ravenna (RA), AUSL della Romagna Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | | | - Cosimo Giannini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Maria Zampolli
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Lariana, Sant’Anna Hospital, Como, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Patrizia Bracciolini
- Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency unit, Children Hospital, ASO SS Antonio Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Caterina Grosso
- Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency unit, Children Hospital, ASO SS Antonio Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Piccini
- Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sonia Toni
- Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Susanna Coccioli
- Unit of Pediatrics, “D. Camberlingo” Hospital, Francavilla Fontana, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cardinale
- Unit of Pediatrics, “Sacro Cuore di Gesu” Hospital Gallipoli (LE), Gallipoli, Italy
| | - Marta Bassi
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini; Department of Neuroscience Rehabilitation Ophtalmology Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola Minuto
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini; Department of Neuroscience Rehabilitation Ophtalmology Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D’Annunzio
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini; Department of Neuroscience Rehabilitation Ophtalmology Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta S. Rollato
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Piscopo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Curto
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Bombaci
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital. Univerisity of Milan, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Macedoni
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital. Univerisity of Milan, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bruzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rosanio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Franzese
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gavina Piredda
- Unit of Paediatrics, “Giovanni Paolo II” Hospital, ASSL Olbia, Olbia, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardella
- Department of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Children Hospital G. Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy
| | - Brunella Iovane
- Parma University Hospital Department of Mother and Child Pediatric, Parma, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia and “Vittore Buzzi” Chidren’s Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Berioli
- Pediatric Diabetology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Umbria, Italy
| | - Anna Lasagni
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Pampanini
- Pediatric Diabetology Department, Bambino Gesu Pediatric Hospital Roma, Lazio, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Schiaffini
- Pediatric Diabetology Department, Bambino Gesu Pediatric Hospital Roma, Lazio, Italy
| | - Irene Rutigliano
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Research Institut, San Giovanni Rotondo, Puglia, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Meloni
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luisa De Sanctis
- Center of Pediatric Diabetology - A.O.U. Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Tinti
- Center of Pediatric Diabetology - A.O.U. Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Michela Trada
- Center of Pediatric Diabetology - A.O.U. Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia Paola Guerraggio
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Paediatric Unit, “Filippo Del Ponte” Children Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Franceschi
- Department of Pediatrics, S.Chiara Hospital of Trento, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cauvin
- Department of Pediatrics, S.Chiara Hospital of Trento, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tornese
- Institute for Maternal and Child health IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Franco
- Pediatric Department, ASUFC Hospital of Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Musolino
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Paediatric Unit, “Filippo Del Ponte” Children Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Giulio Maltoni
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Iannilli
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital”, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lenzi
- Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Erica Pozzi
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Moretti
- UOSD Pediatric Diabetology and Metabolism Unit, Children and Women Health Department, AOU Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Zucchini
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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20
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Cherubini V, Marino M, Scaramuzza AE, Tiberi V, Bobbio A, Delvecchio M, Piccinno E, Ortolani F, Innaurato S, Felappi B, Gallo F, Ripoli C, Ricciardi MR, Pascarella F, Stamati FA, Citriniti F, Arnaldi C, Monti S, Graziani V, De Berardinis F, Giannini C, Chiarelli F, Zampolli M, De Marco R, Bracciolini GP, Grosso C, De Donno V, Piccini B, Toni S, Coccioli S, Cardinale G, Bassi M, Minuto N, D’Annunzio G, Maffeis C, Marigliano M, Zanfardino A, Iafusco D, Rollato AS, Piscopo A, Curto S, Lombardo F, Bombaci B, Sordelli S, Mameli C, Macedoni M, Rigamonti A, Bonfanti R, Frontino G, Predieri B, Bruzzi P, Mozzillo E, Rosanio F, Franzese A, Piredda G, Cardella F, Iovane B, Calcaterra V, Berioli MG, Lasagni A, Pampanini V, Patera PI, Schiaffini R, Rutigliano I, Meloni G, De Sanctis L, Tinti D, Trada M, Guerraggio LP, Franceschi R, Cauvin V, Tornese G, Franco F, Musolino G, Maltoni G, Talarico V, Iannilli A, Lenzi L, Matteoli MC, Pozzi E, Moretti C, Zucchini S, Rabbone I, Gesuita R. The Silent Epidemic of Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents in Italy During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:878634. [PMID: 35784550 PMCID: PMC9247264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.878634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS To compare the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 with the frequency of DKA during 2017-2019. METHODS Forty-seven pediatric diabetes centers caring for >90% of young people with diabetes in Italy recruited 4,237 newly diagnosed children with type 1 diabetes between 2017 and 2020 in a longitudinal study. Four subperiods in 2020 were defined based on government-imposed containment measures for COVID-19, and the frequencies of DKA and severe DKA compared with the same periods in 2017-2019. RESULTS Overall, the frequency of DKA increased from 35.7% (95%CI, 33.5-36.9) in 2017-2019 to 39.6% (95%CI, 36.7-42.4) in 2020 (p=0.008), while the frequency of severe DKA increased from 10.4% in 2017-2019 (95%CI, 9.4-11.5) to 14.2% in 2020 (95%CI, 12.3-16.4, p<0.001). DKA and severe DKA increased during the early pandemic period by 10.4% (p=0.004) and 8% (p=0.002), respectively, and the increase continued throughout 2020. Immigrant background increased and high household income decreased the probability of presenting with DKA (OR: 1.55; 95%CI, 1.24-1.94; p<0.001 and OR: 0.60; 95 CI, 0.41-0.88; p=0.010, respectively). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION There was an increase in the frequency of DKA and severe DKA in children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, with no apparent association with the severity of COVID-19 infection severity or containment measures. There has been a silent outbreak of DKA in children during the pandemic, and preventive action is required to prevent this phenomenon in the event of further generalized lockdowns or future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Cherubini
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital” , Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Marino
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital” , Ancona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Marino,
| | - Andrea E. Scaramuzza
- Pediatric Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Pediatric Unit, ASST Cremona, Ospedale Maggiore, Cremona, Italy
| | - Valentina Tiberi
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital” , Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Disorders Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Elvira Piccinno
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Disorders Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Ortolani
- Metabolic Disease and Genetics Disorders Unit, Giovanni XXIII Children’s Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Innaurato
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Pediatric Unit - San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Barbara Felappi
- Pediatric Clinic, Children’s Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Ripoli
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Pediatric and Microcytemia Department, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Filomena Pascarella
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Sant”Anna e San Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Felice Citriniti
- Department of Pediatrics “Pugliese-Ciaccio” Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Sara Monti
- Unit of Paediatrics, “ M.Bufalini” Hospital Cesena (FC), Unit of Paediatrics, “ S.M. Croci” Hospital Ravenna (RA), AUSL della Romagna Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Vanna Graziani
- Unit of Paediatrics, “ M.Bufalini” Hospital Cesena (FC), Unit of Paediatrics, “ S.M. Croci” Hospital Ravenna (RA), AUSL della Romagna Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | | | - Cosimo Giannini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Maria Zampolli
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Lariana, Sant’Anna Hospital, Como, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Patrizia Bracciolini
- Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency unit, Children Hospital, ASO SS Antonio Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Caterina Grosso
- Pediatric and Pediatric Emergency unit, Children Hospital, ASO SS Antonio Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Piccini
- Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sonia Toni
- Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Susanna Coccioli
- Unit of Pediatrics, “D. Camberlingo” Hospital, Francavilla Fontana, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cardinale
- Unit of Pediatrics, “Sacro Cuore di Gesù” Hospital Gallipoli (LE), Gallipoli, Italy
| | - Marta Bassi
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini; Department of Neuroscience Rehabilitation Ophtalmology Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola Minuto
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini; Department of Neuroscience Rehabilitation Ophtalmology Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D’Annunzio
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini; Department of Neuroscience Rehabilitation Ophtalmology Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta S. Rollato
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Piscopo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Curto
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Bombaci
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital. Univerisity of Milan, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Macedoni
- Department of Pediatrics, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital. Univerisity of Milan, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bruzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rosanio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Franzese
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gavina Piredda
- Unit of Paediatrics, “Giovanni Paolo II“ Hospital, ASSL Olbia, Olbia, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardella
- Department of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, Children Hospital G. Di Cristina, Palermo, Italy
| | - Brunella Iovane
- Parma University Hospital Department of Mother and Child Pediatric, Parma, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia and “Vittore Buzzi” Chidren’s Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Berioli
- Pediatric Diabetology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Umbria, Italy
| | - Anna Lasagni
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda AUSL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Pampanini
- Pediatric Diabetology Department, Bambino Gesu Pediatric Hospital Roma, Lazio, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Schiaffini
- Pediatric Diabetology Department, Bambino Gesu Pediatric Hospital Roma, Lazio, Italy
| | - Irene Rutigliano
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Research Institut, San Giovanni Rotondo, Puglia, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Meloni
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luisa De Sanctis
- Center of Pediatric Diabetology - A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Tinti
- Center of Pediatric Diabetology - A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Michela Trada
- Center of Pediatric Diabetology - A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia Paola Guerraggio
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Paediatric Unit, "Filippo Del Ponte" Children Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Franceschi
- Department of Pediatrics, S.Chiara Hospital of Trento, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cauvin
- Department of Pediatrics, S.Chiara Hospital of Trento, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tornese
- Institute for Maternal and Child health IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Franco
- Pediatric Department, ASUFC Hospital of Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Musolino
- Centre of Paediatric Diabetology, Paediatric Unit, “Filippo Del Ponte” Children Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Giulio Maltoni
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Iannilli
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, “G. Salesi Hospital” , Ancona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lenzi
- Diabetology and Endocrinology Unit, Meyer University Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Erica Pozzi
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Carlo Moretti
- UOSD Pediatric Diabetology and Metabolism Unit, Children and Women Health Department, AOU Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Zucchini
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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21
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Frontino G, Di Tonno R, Castorani V, Rigamonti A, Morotti E, Sandullo F, Scialabba F, Arrigoni F, Foglino R, Dionisi B, Ferri CIC, Zirpoli S, Barera G, Meschi F, Bonfanti R. Non-Occlusive Mesenteric Ischemia in Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Case Report and Review of Literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:900325. [PMID: 35928892 PMCID: PMC9345499 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.900325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the use of technology, recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) prevention remains an unmet need in children and adolescents with T1D and may be accompanied by life-threatening acute complications. We present a rare case of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) with overt manifestation after DKA resolution and a discussion of recent literature addressing DKA-associated NOMI epidemiology and pathogenesis in children and adolescents. CASE PRESENTATION A 13-year-old female with previously diagnosed T1D, was admitted at our emergency department with hypovolemic shock, DKA, hyperosmolar state and acute kidney injury (AKI). Mildly progressive abdominal pain persisted after DKA correction and after repeated ultrasound evaluations ultimately suspect for intestinal perforation, an intraoperative diagnosis of NOMI was made. CONCLUSION The diagnosis of DKA-associated NOMI must be suspected in pediatric patients with DKA, persistent abdominal pain, and severe dehydration even after DKA resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Tonno
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Castorani
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Valeria Castorani,
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Morotti
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Sandullo
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Scialabba
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Arrigoni
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Foglino
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Dionisi
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Zirpoli
- Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Children’s Hospital “V. Buzzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Barera
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Meschi
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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22
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Frontino G, Raouf T, Canarutto D, Tirelli E, Di Tonno R, Rigamonti A, Cascavilla ML, Baldoli C, Scotti R, Leocani L, Huang SC, Meschi F, Barera G, Broccoli V, Rossi G, Torchio S, Chimienti R, Bonfanti R, Piemonti L. Case Report: Off-Label Liraglutide Use in Children With Wolfram Syndrome Type 1: Extensive Characterization of Four Patients. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:755365. [PMID: 34970515 PMCID: PMC8712700 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.755365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Wolfram syndrome type 1 is a rare recessive monogenic form of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with progressive neurodegeneration, poor prognosis, and no cure. Based on preclinical evidence we hypothesized that liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, may be repurposed for the off-label treatment of Wolfram Syndrome type 1. We initiated an off-label treatment to investigate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of liraglutide in pediatric patients with Wolfram Syndrome type 1. Methods: Pediatric patients with genetically confirmed Wolfram Syndrome type 1 were offered off-label treatment approved by The Regional Network Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Pharmacological Research IRCCS Mario Negri, and the internal ethics committee. Four patients were enrolled; none refused nor were excluded or lost during follow-up. Liraglutide was administered as a daily subcutaneous injection. Starting dose was 0.3 mg/day. The dose was progressively increased as tolerated, up to the maximum dose of 1.8 mg/day. The primary outcome was evaluating the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of liraglutide in Wolfram Syndrome type 1 patients. Secondary endpoints were stabilization or improvement of C-peptide secretion as assessed by the mixed meal tolerance test. Exploratory endpoints were stabilization of neurological and neuro-ophthalmological degeneration, assessed by optical coherence tomography, electroretinogram, visual evoked potentials, and magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Four patients aged between 10 and 14 years at baseline were treated with liraglutide for 8-27 months. Liraglutide was well-tolerated: all patients reached and maintained the maximum dose, and none withdrew from the study. Only minor transient gastrointestinal symptoms were reported. No alterations in pancreatic enzymes, calcitonin, or thyroid hormones were observed. At the latest follow-up, the C-peptide area under the curve ranged from 81 to 171% of baseline. Time in range improved in two patients. Neuro-ophthalmological and neurophysiological disease parameters remained stable at the latest follow-up. Conclusions: We report preliminary data on the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of liraglutide in four pediatric patients with Wolfram Syndrome type 1. The apparent benefits both in terms of residual C-peptide secretion and neuro-ophthalmological disease progression warrant further studies on the repurposing of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as disease-modifying agents for Wolfram Syndrome type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Tara Raouf
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Canarutto
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Tirelli
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Tonno
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberta Scotti
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Leocani
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Neurophysiology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Su-Chun Huang
- Experimental Neurophysiology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Meschi
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Barera
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Rossi
- Stem Cells and Neurogenesis Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Torchio
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Raniero Chimienti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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23
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Cherubini V, Rabbone I, Berioli MG, Giorda S, Lo Presti D, Maltoni G, Mameli C, Marigliano M, Marino M, Minuto N, Mozzillo E, Piccinno E, Predieri B, Ripoli C, Schiaffini R, Rigamonti A, Salzano G, Tinti D, Toni S, Zanfardino A, Scaramuzza AE, Gesuita R, Tiberi V, Savastio S, Pigniatiello C, Trada M, Zucchini S, Redaelli FC, Maffeis C, Bassi M, Rosanio FM, Delvecchio M, Buzzi P, Ricciardi MR, Carducci C, Bonfanti R, Lombardo F, Piccini B, Iafusco D, Calandretti M, Daga FA. Effectiveness of a closed-loop control system and a virtual educational camp for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A prospective, multicentre, real-life study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2021; 23:2484-2491. [PMID: 34227214 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of a virtual educational camp (vEC) on glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using a closed-loop control (CLC) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective multicentre study of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using the Tandem Basal-IQ system. Insulin pumps were upgraded to Control-IQ, and children and their parents participated in a 3-day multidisciplinary vEC. Clinical data, glucose metrics and HbA1c were evaluated over the 12 weeks prior to the Control-IQ update and over the 12 weeks after the vEC. RESULTS Forty-three children and adolescents (aged 7-16 years) with type 1 diabetes and their families participated in the vEC. The median percentage of time in target range (70-180 mg/dL; TIR) increased from 64% (interquartile range [IQR] 56%-73%) with Basal-IQ to 76% (IQR 71%-81%) with Control-IQ (P < .001). After the vEC, more than 75% of participants achieved a TIR of more than 70%. The percentage of time between 180 and 250 mg/dL and above 250 mg/dL decreased by 5% (P < .01) and 6% (P < .01), respectively, while the time between 70 and 54 mg/dL and below 54 mg/dL remained low and unaltered. HbA1c decreased by 0.5% (P < .01). There were no episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycaemia. CONCLUSIONS In this study of children managing their diabetes in a real-world setting, more than 75% of children who participated in a vEC after starting a CLC system could obtain and maintain a TIR of more than 70%. The vEC was feasible and resulted in a significant and persistent improvement in TIR in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Cherubini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, G. Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Department of Health and Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Sara Giorda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Maltoni
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, Università di Milano, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Monica Marino
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, G. Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elvira Piccinno
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Children's Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Ripoli
- Department of Pediatrics and Microcythemia, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Salzano
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Tinti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sonia Toni
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Tiberi
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, G. Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastio
- Department of Health and Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Ciro Pigniatiello
- Department of Health and Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Michela Trada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Zucchini
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Maffeis
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Bassi
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Rosanio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology, Children's Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Buzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Barbara Piccini
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Michela Calandretti
- Adapted Training and Performance Research Group, School of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Abate Daga
- Adapted Training and Performance Research Group, School of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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24
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Schreiber AF, Garlasco J, Vieira F, Lau YH, Stavi D, Lightfoot D, Rigamonti A, Burns K, Friedrich JO, Singh JM, Brochard LJ. Separation from mechanical ventilation and survival after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intensive Care 2021; 11:149. [PMID: 34693485 PMCID: PMC8542415 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-021-00938-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged need for mechanical ventilation greatly impacts life expectancy of patients after spinal cord injury (SCI). Weaning outcomes have never been systematically assessed. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the probability of weaning success, duration of mechanical ventilation, mortality, and their predictors in mechanically ventilated patients with SCI. Methods We searched six databases from inception until August 2021 for randomized-controlled trials and observational studies enrolling adult patients (≥ 16 years) with SCI from any cause requiring mechanical ventilation. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two reviewers. Full texts of the identified articles were then assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted independently and in duplicate by pairs of authors, using a standardized data collection form. Synthetic results are reported as meta-analytic means and proportions, based on random effects models. Results Thirty-nine studies (14,637 patients, mean age 43) were selected. Cervical lesions were predominant (12,717 patients had cervical lesions only, 1843 in association with other levels’ lesions). Twenty-five studies were conducted in intensive care units (ICUs), 14 in rehabilitative settings. In ICU, the mean time from injury to hospitalization was 8 h [95% CI 7–9], mean duration of mechanical ventilation 27 days [20–34], probability of weaning success 63% [45–78] and mortality 8% [5–11]. Patients hospitalized in rehabilitation centres had a greater number of high-level lesions (C3 or above), were at 40 days [29–51] from injury and were ventilated for a mean of 97 days [65–128]; 82% [70–90] of them were successfully weaned, while mortality was 1% [0–19]. Conclusions Although our study highlights the lack of uniform definition of weaning success, of clear factors associated with weaning outcomes, and of high-level evidence to guide optimal weaning in patients with SCI, it shows that around two-thirds of mechanically ventilated patients can be weaned in ICU after SCI. A substantial gain in weaning success can be obtained during rehabilitation, with additional duration of stay but minimal increase in mortality. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020156788). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13613-021-00938-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia F Schreiber
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jacopo Garlasco
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fernando Vieira
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yie Hui Lau
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dekel Stavi
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Lightfoot
- Health Sciences Library, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Karen Burns
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jan O Friedrich
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Singh
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Laurent J Brochard
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
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25
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Mameli C, Scaramuzza A, Macedoni M, Marano G, Frontino G, Luconi E, Pelliccia C, Felappi B, Guerraggio LP, Spiri D, Macellaro P, Chiara Redaelli F, Cardani R, Zampolli M, Calcaterra V, Sordelli S, Calzi E, Cogliardi A, Brambilla I, Pistone C, Rigamonti A, Boracchi P, Biganzoli E, Zuccotti GV, Bonfanti R. Type 1 diabetes onset in Lombardy region, Italy, during the COVID-19 pandemic: The double-wave occurrence. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 39:101067. [PMID: 34430836 PMCID: PMC8365462 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Italian Lombardy region has been the epicenter of COVID-19 since February 2020. This study analyses the epidemiology of pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset during the first two pandemic waves and three previous years. METHODS All the 13 pediatric diabetes centers in Lombardy prospectively evaluated charts of children at T1D onset (0-17 years), during year 2020. After calculating the annual incidence, the data were compared with those of the 3 previous years, using generalized linear models, adjusted for age and sex. Monthly T1D new onsets and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) were investigated yearly from 2017 to 2020. Data were extracted from outpatients charts of the pediatric diabetes centers and from the database of the national institute of statistics. FINDINGS The estimated incidence proportion of T1D was 16/100·000 in 2020, compared to 14, 11 and 12 in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. When adjusting for age and gender, the incidence was significantly lower in 2018 and 2017 compared to 2020 (adjusted incidence ratio: 0.73 and 0.77 respectively, with 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.84, and 0.67 to 0.83; p = 0·002 and p = 0·01), but no difference was found between the years 2020 and 2019. A reduction trend in the percentage of T1D diagnosis during the first wave (March-April) over the total year diagnoses was observed compared to previous years (11·7% in 2020, 17·7% in 2019, 14·1% in 2018 and 14·4% 2017). No difference was observed during the second wave (October-December) (32·8% in 2020, 33·8% in 2019, 34% in 2018, 30·7% in 2017). The proportion of DKA over the total T1D diagnoses during the second wave had higher trend than the first one (41·7% vs 33·3%), while severe DKA over the total DKA appeared higher during the first wave (60% vs 37·1%). INTERPRETATION The study suggests an increase in the incidence of pediatric T1D in Lombardy throughout the past five years. Pandemic waves may have affected the clinical presentation at onset. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, V Buzzi Children's Hospital, Università di Milan, Italy
- Corresponding author at: Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
| | - Andrea Scaramuzza
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Maddalena Macedoni
- Department of Pediatrics, V Buzzi Children's Hospital, Università di Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health & DSRC, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Ester Luconi
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health & DSRC, University of Milan, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Felappi
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Spiri
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale di Legnano, ASST Ovest milanese, Legnano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Macellaro
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale di Legnano, ASST Ovest milanese, Legnano, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Cardani
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Del Ponte Varese, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Zampolli
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Sant'Anna, Como, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Pediatrics, V Buzzi Children's Hospital, Università di Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Sordelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Carlo Poma, Mantova, Italy
| | - Elena Calzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Maggiore, ASST Crema, Italy
| | - Anna Cogliardi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale Alessandro Manzoni, Lecco, Italy
| | - Ilaria Brambilla
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmelo Pistone
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Boracchi
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health & DSRC, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Elia Biganzoli
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health & DSRC, University of Milan, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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26
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Rigamonti A, Mantero V, Peverelli L, Pagliarani S, Lucchiari S, Comi G, Gibertini S, Salmaggi A. p.Asn1180Ile mutation of SCN4A gene in an Italian family with myopathy and myotonic syndrome. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:5359-5363. [PMID: 34378097 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations of the skeletal muscle sodium channel gene SCN4A are associated with several neuromuscular disorders including hyper/hypokaliemic periodic paralysis, paramyotonia congenita and sodium channel myotonia. These disorders are distinguished from dystrophic myotonias by the absence of progressive weakness and extramuscular systemic involvement. METHODS We present an Italian family with 2 subjects carrying a p.Asn1180Ile mutation in SCN4A gene showing a peculiar clinical picture characterized by the association of myopathic features and myotonia. RESULTS The clinical, electromyographic and histological findings of these patients are reported. The possible pathogenicity of the mutation was tested by three different software, all giving positive results. DISCUSSION This is the first report of a dominant, heterozygous mutation in SCN4A causing a complex phenotype of non-congenital myopathy and myotonic syndrome. We suggest that, in patients with myotonia and myopathy not related to dystrophic myotonias, the sequence analysis of SCN4A gene should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Via Dell'Eremo 9-11, 23900, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Mantero
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Via Dell'Eremo 9-11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Peverelli
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore di Lodi, ASST Lodi, Largo Donatori del Sangue 1, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Serena Pagliarani
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Sabrina Lucchiari
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Comi
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Gibertini
- Muscle Cell Biology Laboratory, Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "C. Besta", Via Celoria 11, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Via Dell'Eremo 9-11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
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27
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Bonfanti R, Iafusco D, Rabbone I, Diedenhofen G, Bizzarri C, Patera PI, Reinstadler P, Costantino F, Calcaterra V, Iughetti L, Savastio S, Favia A, Cardella F, Lo Presti D, Girtler Y, Rabbiosi S, D'Annunzio G, Zanfardino A, Piscopo A, Casaburo F, Pintomalli L, Russo L, Grasso V, Minuto N, Mucciolo M, Novelli A, Marucci A, Piccini B, Toni S, Silvestri F, Carrera P, Rigamonti A, Frontino G, Trada M, Tinti D, Delvecchio M, Rapini N, Schiaffini R, Mammì C, Barbetti F. Differences between transient neonatal diabetes mellitus subtypes can guide diagnosis and therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 184:575-585. [PMID: 33606663 DOI: 10.1530/eje-20-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is caused by activating mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11 genes (KATP/TNDM) or by chromosome 6q24 abnormalities (6q24/TNDM). We wanted to assess whether these different genetic aetiologies result in distinct clinical features. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of the Italian data set of patients with TNDM. METHODS Clinical features and treatment of 22 KATP/TNDM patients and 12 6q24/TNDM patients were compared. RESULTS Fourteen KATP/TNDM probands had a carrier parent with abnormal glucose values, four patients with 6q24 showed macroglossia and/or umbilical hernia. Median age at diabetes onset and birth weight were lower in patients with 6q24 (1 week; -2.27 SD) than those with KATP mutations (4.0 weeks; -1.04 SD) (P = 0.009 and P = 0.007, respectively). Median time to remission was longer in KATP/TNDM than 6q24/TNDM (21.5 weeks vs 12 weeks) (P = 0.002). Two KATP/TNDM patients entered diabetes remission without pharmacological therapy. A proband with the ABCC8/L225P variant previously associated with permanent neonatal diabetes entered 7-year long remission after 1 year of sulfonylurea therapy. Seven diabetic individuals with KATP mutations were successfully treated with sulfonylurea monotherapy; four cases with relapsing 6q24/TNDM were treated with insulin, metformin or combination therapy. CONCLUSIONS If TNDM is suspected, KATP genes should be analyzed first with the exception of patients with macroglossia and/or umbilical hernia. Remission of diabetes without pharmacological therapy should not preclude genetic analysis. Early treatment with sulfonylurea may induce long-lasting remission of diabetes in patients with KATP mutations associated with PNDM. Adult patients carrying KATP/TNDM mutations respond favourably to sulfonylurea monotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Datasets as Topic
- Diabetes Mellitus/classification
- Diabetes Mellitus/congenital
- Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus/therapy
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine/standards
- Female
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/classification
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/genetics
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy
- Italy
- Male
- Mutation
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/genetics
- Remission Induction/methods
- Retrospective Studies
- Sulfonylurea Receptors/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Diedenhofen
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Bizzarri
- Diabetology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, University of Pavia and Department of Pediatrics, 'Vittore Buzzi' Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastio
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Anna Favia
- Department of Pediatrics, S. Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardella
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, Giovanni Di Cristina Children Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Lo Presti
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, AOU, Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe D'Annunzio
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Piscopo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Casaburo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Russo
- Diabetology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Grasso
- Diabetology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Minuto
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mafalda Mucciolo
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Marucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Barbara Piccini
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sonia Toni
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes, Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paola Carrera
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics sciences @OSR, Genomics for the Diagnosis of Human Pathologies, Milan, Italy
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Frontino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Trada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Tinti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Genetics and Diabetology, Giovanni XXIII Children's Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Novella Rapini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Schiaffini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Mammì
- Great Metropolitan Hospital BMM, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barbetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Diabetology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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28
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Mantero V, Rifino N, Costantino G, Farina A, Pozzetti U, Sciacco M, Ripolone M, Bianchi G, Salmaggi A, Rigamonti A. Non-alcoholic beriberi, Wernicke encephalopathy and long-term eating disorder: case report and a mini-review. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:729-732. [PMID: 32130681 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nowadays, reports of beriberi are rare in developed countries. Wernicke encephalopathy may be present in about 25% of patients with beriberi. CASE REPORT We report the case of a woman with history of depression and chronic eating disorder, who complained Wernicke encephalopathy and beriberi. Sural nerve and muscular biopsy were performed, showing severe axonal neuropathy. Thiamine supplementation was started with rapid improvement of the pulmonary and cardiac affections; improvement of peripheral neuropathy was incomplete. CONCLUSIONS Thiamine deficiency can be misdiagnosed. Beriberi is an important cause of acute flaccid paralysis; hence, clinicians should consider this diagnosis and prompt start thiamine treatment to avoid permanent neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Mantero
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Nicola Rifino
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Gisella Costantino
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Farina
- Cardiology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Ugo Pozzetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Monica Sciacco
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziella Bianchi
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital-ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
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29
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Mantero V, Basilico P, Borelli P, Cappello A, Salmaggi A, Rigamonti A. A case of monofocal motor neuropathy with GM1 and GD1b antibodies improved with intravenous immunoglobulin. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 350:577452. [PMID: 33279873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multifocal motor neuropathy is a purely motor neuropathy with a probably dysimmune pathogenesis, supported by the presence of anti-GM1 IgM antibodies in about half of the cases. Single nerve involvement allows for diagnosis of possible multifocal motor neuropathy. We present the case of a middle age man presenting with progressive weakness and hypotrophy in the left leg and difficulty in walking, in which we have diagnosed a dysimmune mononeuropathy. Treatment with IVIg was performed with substantial improvement. Although only one nerve is involved, early diagnosis of dysimmune mononeuropathy is important to start IVIg treatment that is often decisive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Mantero
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Paola Basilico
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Paolo Borelli
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Antonio Cappello
- Radiological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST, Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurology Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
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30
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Vigano' M, Mantero V, Basilico P, Cordano C, Sangalli D, Reganati P, Lunghi A, Rigamonti A, Salmaggi A. Contrast-induced encephalopathy mimicking total anterior circulation stroke: a case report and review of the literature. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1145-1150. [PMID: 33089478 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04844-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Contrast-induced encephalopathy is a rare and usually reversible entity due to the administration of iodinated contrast. Clinical manifestations include cortical blindness, encephalopathy, seizures and focal neurological deficits. METHODS We report the case of a 56-year-old woman who developed global aphasia and right hemiplegia after a cerebral angiography performed for a subarachnoid haemorrhage. A prompt brain MRI resulted negative, while CT scan revealed left cerebral oedema with the cerebral sulci effacement. Complete recovery was observed in 10 days. DISCUSSION Diagnosis of contrast-induced encephalopathy requires a temporal correlation between neurological dysfunction and administration of iodinated contrast. Usually, the symptomatology is transient with a full recovery within 48-72 h. The most common symptom is cortical blindness, while other symptoms have been rarely reported. Only 20 cases previously reported global aphasia and/or hemiplegia or mimed anterior circulation strokes. Prompt brain neuroimaging is essential in order to exclude an alternative diagnosis that requires a distinct therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vigano'
- Neurological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Vittorio Mantero
- Neurological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Paola Basilico
- Neurological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Christian Cordano
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Davide Sangalli
- Neurological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Paolo Reganati
- Neuroradiological Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lunghi
- Neuroradiological Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurological Department, "A. Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
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31
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Spada M, Angelico R, Grimaldi C, Francalanci P, Saffioti MC, Rigamonti A, Pariante R, Bianchi R, Dionisi Vici C, Candusso M, Maggiore G. The New Horizon of Split-Liver Transplantation: Ex Situ Liver Splitting During Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion. Liver Transpl 2020; 26:1363-1367. [PMID: 32632962 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Spada
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Angelico
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy.,Department of Surgical Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Grimaldi
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Francalanci
- Department of Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Saffioti
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Pariante
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bianchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Dionisi Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Manila Candusso
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maggiore
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Health Care, Rome, Italy
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Rigamonti A, Simonetti G, Silvani A, Rudà R, Franchino F, Villani V, Pace A, Merli R, Servida M, Picca A, Berzero G, Cerase A, Chiarotti I, Spena G, Salmaggi A. Adult brainstem glioma: a multicentre retrospective analysis of 47 Italian patients. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:1879-1886. [PMID: 32954462 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Adult brainstem gliomas are rare primary brain tumours with heterogeneous clinical course. The low frequency of these tumours makes it difficult to achieve high-quality evidence regarding prognostic factors, adequate therapeutic approach and outcome in such patients. METHODS In this retrospective study, we analysed clinical, radiological, molecular, prognostic and therapeutic factors in a series of 47 histologically proven adult brainstem gliomas recruited over a 20-year period (1998-2018). RESULTS Twenty-two patients were male, 25 female with median age of 39 years. The tumour involved one brainstem segment in 20 cases and 2 or more segments in 27. Contrast enhancement was reported in 28 cases. Surgical procedures included biopsy in 26 cases and partial/total resection in the remaining 21. Histological diagnosis was of low-grade glioma in 23 patients, high-grade glioma in 22 and non-diagnostic in 2 cases. Data regarding molecular biology were available for 22 patients. Median overall survival was 35 months, in particular 16 months in high-grade glioma and 84 months in low-grade glioma. At univariate analysis, tumour grade was the only factor with a statistically significant impact on survival time (p = 0,003), whereas younger age, better performance status and total/subtotal resection showed a trend to more prolonged survival. This study also confirms safety of biopsy/surgery in adult brainstem glioma patients and shows a clear trend to a more frequent assessment of molecular biology data. CONCLUSIONS Further prospective multicentre efforts, and hopefully clinical trials, are necessary to improve outcome in this neglected glioma patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurosciences Department, Neurology Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Clinical Neurooncology Unit, Neurooncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Silvani
- Clinical Neurooncology Unit, Neurooncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Rudà
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Franchino
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Veronica Villani
- Neurooncology Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Neurooncology Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maura Servida
- Department of Neurology, ASST Ovest Milanese - Legnano Hospital, Legnano, Italy
| | - Alberto Picca
- Neurooncology Unit, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Berzero
- Neurooncology Unit, IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alfonso Cerase
- Unit of Neuroimaging - Diagnostic and Functional Neuroradiology Department of Neurological and Human Movement Sciences "Santa Maria alle Scotte", NHS & University General Hospital, Tuscany, Siena, Italy
| | - Ivano Chiarotti
- Unit of Neuroimaging - Diagnostic and Functional Neuroradiology Department of Neurological and Human Movement Sciences "Santa Maria alle Scotte", NHS & University General Hospital, Tuscany, Siena, Italy
| | - Giannantonio Spena
- Neurosciences Department, Neurology Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurosciences Department, Neurology Unit, Ospedale A. Manzoni, ASST Lecco, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
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33
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Donisi G, Capretti G, Cortese N, Rigamonti A, Gavazzi F, Nappo G, Pulvirenti A, Sollai M, Spaggiari P, Zerbi A, Marchesi F. Immune infiltrating cells in duodenal cancers. J Transl Med 2020; 18:340. [PMID: 32883314 PMCID: PMC7470614 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duodenal adenocarcinoma (DA) is a rare yet aggressive malignancy, with increasing incidence in the last decades. Its low frequency has hampered a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and of its biology, limiting the identification of tailored therapeutic options. A large body of evidence has clearly shown the clinical relevance of immune cells in solid tumors, correlating immune features with post-surgical prognosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the immune contexture in a cohort of duodenal adenocarcinomas surgically resected at our Institution and define its correlation with clinical variables. Methods Tissue slides from paraffin-embedded tumor specimens of 15 consecutive DA and 3 adenomas that underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy in our center between 2010 to 2018 were immunohistochemically stained. The density (percentage of immune reactive area, IRA%) of immune markers CD45RO, CD8, CD20, IL-17, PD-1, CD68 was quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Demographic, clinical, histopathological data were collected. Results In our population, median IRA % (IQR) of immune subsets was respectively CD45RO-TILs 2.19 (2.14), CD8-TIL 0.42 (0.81), CD20-TILs 0.22 (0.51), CD20-TLT 2.84 (4.64), CD68-TAM 2.19 (1.56), IL17+ cells 0.39 (0.39), PD1-TILs 0.19 (0.41). The median follow-up was 47.5 (22.4–63.3) months. At statistical analysis, the density of CD8-TILs inversely correlated with lymph node ratio (p = 0.013), number of metastatic lymph nodes (p = 0.019), and was lower in N+ adenocarcinomas compared to N0 (1.07 vs 0.29; p = 0.093), albeit not significantly. Stratifying patients for the N status, the density of CD8-TILs decreased with the increasing of the N stage (p = 0.065) and was lower in patients who experienced recurrence and died for the disease (0.276 vs 0.641; p = 0.044). Notably, also CD68-TAM distribution was different in patients who had recurrence versus patients who did not (1.028 vs 2.276; p = 0.036). Conclusions Immune cells showed variable expression in correlation with common prognostic factors, suggesting T cell infiltration may play a protective role towards lymphatic spread of disease and nodal metastatization. Furthermore, T cell density and macrophage infiltration were associated to a lower risk of recurrence and disease related death. A multicentric approach may be indicated to allow analysis of larger cohorts of patients, potentially increasing the power of our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donisi
- Section of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - G Capretti
- Section of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milano, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy.
| | - N Cortese
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - A Rigamonti
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Gavazzi
- Section of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - G Nappo
- Section of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - A Pulvirenti
- Section of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - M Sollai
- Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - P Spaggiari
- Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - A Zerbi
- Section of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy
| | - F Marchesi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Rozzano, Milano, Italy. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Cherubini V, Bonfanti R, Casertano A, De Nitto E, Iannilli A, Lombardo F, Maltoni G, Marigliano M, Bassi M, Minuto N, Mozzillo E, Rabbone I, Rapini N, Rigamonti A, Salzano G, Scaramuzza A, Schiaffini R, Tinti D, Toni S, Zagaroli L, Zucchini S, Maffeis C, Gesuita R. Time In Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Using Treatment Strategies Based on Nonautomated Insulin Delivery Systems in the Real World. Diabetes Technol Ther 2020; 22:509-515. [PMID: 32073311 DOI: 10.1089/dia.2020.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glucose sensors consist of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) and intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM). Their clinical use has been widely increasing during the past 5 years. The aim of this study is to evaluate percentage of time in range (TIR) in a large group of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using glucose sensors with nonautomated insulin delivery systems, in a real-world setting. Methods: An 11-center cross-sectional study was conducted during January-May 2019. Children with T1D <18 years, all using rtCGM or isCGM for >1 year, treated with multiple daily injections (MDI) or nonautomated insulin pump (IP), were recruited consecutively. Clinical data, HbA1c measurement, and CGM downloaded data were collected by each center and included in a centralized database for the analysis. Glucose metrics of four treatment strategies were analyzed: isCGM-MDI, rtCGM-MDI, isCGM-IP, and rtCGM-IP. Results: Data from 666 children with T1D (51% male and 49% female), median age 12 years, diabetes duration 5 years, were analyzed. An rtCGM was used by 51% of the participants, and a nonautomated IP by 46%. For isCGM-MDI, rtCGM-MDI, isCGM-IP, and rtCGM-IP, the median TIR 70-180 mg/dL values were 49%, 56%, 56%, and 61% (P < 0.001), respectively; HbA1c 7.6%, 7.5%, 7.3%, and 7.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. Use of rtCGM was associated with significant lower time below target range <70 mg/dL and reduced the percentage coefficient of variation of glucose (%CV), independently by the insulin delivery system used. Conclusions: Among nonautomated insulin delivery strategies, simultaneous use of rtCGM and IP was associated with higher percentage of TIR, lower time above range >180 mg/dL and lower HbA1c. If there are no barriers, an upgrade of the treatment strategy with a higher performing technology should be offered to all children who do not achieve blood glucose metrics within the suggested range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Cherubini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Umberto I G M Lancisi G Salesi, Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Scientific Institute Hospital San Raffaele, Milan
| | - Alberto Casertano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II School of Medicine and Surgery, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elena De Nitto
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Antonio Iannilli
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Umberto I G M Lancisi G Salesi, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Messina, Italy
| | - Giulio Maltoni
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Bologna Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona School of Medicine and Surgery, Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Bassi
- Department of Pediatrics, Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicola Minuto
- Department of Pediatrics, Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II School of Medicine and Surgery, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Torino, Italy
| | - Novella Rapini
- Diabetes Unit - Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - Roma Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Scientific Institute Hospital San Raffaele, Milan
| | - Giuseppina Salzano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Davide Tinti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Torino, Italy
| | - Sonia Toni
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Zagaroli
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Umberto I G M Lancisi G Salesi, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Zucchini
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Bologna Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, University of Verona School of Medicine and Surgery, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Medical Informatics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Rigamonti A, Mantero V, Piamarta F, Spena G, Salmaggi A. Cerebral venous thrombosis associated with coronavirus infection: an underestimated entity? Neurol Sci 2020; 42:317-318. [PMID: 32601746 PMCID: PMC7323876 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurological Department, "Alessandro Manzoni" General Hospital, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Mantero
- Neurological Department, "Alessandro Manzoni" General Hospital, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesca Piamarta
- Neurological Department, "Alessandro Manzoni" General Hospital, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurological Department, "Alessandro Manzoni" General Hospital, Via Dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
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Rigamonti A, Ma K, Garavaglia MM, Hare GMT, Mazer CD. In reply: Bilateral scalp blocks help reduce postoperative pain and opioid requirement, but the impact cannot be so huge. Can J Anaesth 2020; 67:1296-1297. [PMID: 32436151 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-020-01712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Kan Ma
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marco M Garavaglia
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory M T Hare
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,St. Michael's Hospital Center of Excellence for Patient Blood Management, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C David Mazer
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Rigamonti A, Garavaglia MM, Ma K, Crescini C, Mistry N, Thorpe K, Cusimano MD, Das S, Hare GMT, Mazer CD. Effect of bilateral scalp nerve blocks on postoperative pain and discharge times in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy and general anesthesia: a randomized-controlled trial. Can J Anaesth 2020; 67:452-461. [PMID: 31879855 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-019-01558-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Post-craniotomy pain is a common clinical issue and its optimal management remains incompletely studied. Utilization of a regional scalp block has the potential advantage of reducing perioperative pain and opioid consumption, thereby facilitating optimal postoperative neurologic assessment. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of regional scalp block on post-craniotomy pain and opioid consumption. METHODS We performed a prospective randomized-controlled trial in adults scheduled to undergo elective supratentorial craniotomy under general anesthesia to assess the efficacy of postoperative bilateral scalp block with 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine compared with placebo on postoperative pain and opioid consumption. The primary outcome was the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain at 24 hr postoperatively. RESULTS Eighty-nine patients were enrolled (n = 44 in block group; n = 45 in control group). There was no difference in the mean (standard deviation) VAS score at 24 hr postoperatively between the treatment group and the control group [31.2 (21.4) mm vs 23.0 (19.2) mm, respectively; mean difference, 6.6; 95% confidence interval, -2.3, 15.5; P = 0.15]. There was also no significant difference in postoperative opioid consumption. Distribution of individual VAS score and opioid consumption revealed that postoperative pain was highly variable following craniotomy. Time to hospital discharge was not different between treatment and placebo groups. No adverse events associated with scalp block were identified. CONCLUSION These data show that bilateral scalp blocks using bupivacaine with epinephrine did not reduce mean postoperative VAS score or overall opioid consumption at 24 hr nor the time-to-discharge from the postanesthesia care unit or from hospital. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00972790; registered 9 September, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
| | - Marco M Garavaglia
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Kan Ma
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Charmagne Crescini
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Nikhil Mistry
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Kevin Thorpe
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Applied Health Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sunit Das
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory M T Hare
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
- St. Michael's Hospital Center of Excellence for Patient Blood Management, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C David Mazer
- Department of Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Rigamonti A, Mantero V, Lauria G, Basilico P, Salmaggi A. Correction to: Reversible cerebellar MRI hyperintensities and ataxia associated with hypomagnesemia: a case report with review of the literature. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:485. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mantero V, Rigamonti A, Basilico P, Sangalli D, Scaccabarozzi C, Salmaggi A. Stroke in a Feverish Patient with COVID-19 Infection and Unknown Endocarditis. J Clin Neurol 2020; 16:707-708. [PMID: 33029982 PMCID: PMC7541976 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.4.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paola Basilico
- Neurology Unit, “A. Manzoni” Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | - Davide Sangalli
- Neurology Unit, “A. Manzoni” Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurology Unit, “A. Manzoni” Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
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Mantero V, Basilico P, Costantino G, Pozzetti U, Rigamonti A, Salmaggi A. Recurrent Transient Ischemic Attack in a Young Patient with COVID-19. J Clin Neurol 2020; 16:513-514. [PMID: 32657079 PMCID: PMC7354983 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.3.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Basilico
- Neurology Unit, “A. Manzoni” Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Ugo Pozzetti
- Medicine Unit, “A. Manzoni” Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurology Unit, “A. Manzoni” Hospital-ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy
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41
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Cortese A, Lombardi R, Briani C, Callegari I, Benedetti L, Manganelli F, Luigetti M, Ferrari S, Clerici AM, Marfia GA, Rigamonti A, Carpo M, Fazio R, Corbo M, Mazzeo A, Giannini F, Cosentino G, Zardini E, Currò R, Gastaldi M, Vegezzi E, Alfonsi E, Berardinelli A, Kouton L, Manso C, Giannotta C, Doneddu P, Dacci P, Piccolo L, Ruiz M, Salvalaggio A, De Michelis C, Spina E, Topa A, Bisogni G, Romano A, Mariotto S, Mataluni G, Cerri F, Stancanelli C, Sabatelli M, Schenone A, Marchioni E, Lauria G, Nobile-Orazio E, Devaux J, Franciotta D. Antibodies to neurofascin, contactin-1, and contactin-associated protein 1 in CIDP: Clinical relevance of IgG isotype. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2020; 7:e639. [PMID: 31753915 PMCID: PMC6935837 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and isotypes of anti-nodal/paranodal antibodies to nodal/paranodal proteins in a large chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) cohort, compare clinical features in seronegative vs seropositive patients, and gather evidence of their isotype-specific pathogenic role. METHODS Antibodies to neurofascin-155 (Nfasc155), neurofascin-140/186 (Nfasc140/186), contactin-1 (CNTN1), and contactin-associated protein 1 (Caspr1) were detected with ELISA and/or cell-based assay. Antibody pathogenicity was tested by immunohistochemistry on skin biopsy, intraneural injection, and cell aggregation assay. RESULTS Of 342 patients with CIDP, 19 (5.5%) had antibodies against Nfasc155 (n = 9), Nfasc140/186 and Nfasc155 (n = 1), CNTN1 (n = 3), and Caspr1 (n = 6). Antibodies were absent from healthy and disease controls, including neuropathies of different causes, and were mostly detected in patients with European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society (EFNS/PNS) definite CIDP (n = 18). Predominant antibody isotypes were immunoglobulin G (IgG)4 (n = 13), IgG3 (n = 2), IgG1 (n = 2), or undetectable (n = 2). IgG4 antibody-associated phenotypes included onset before 30 years, severe neuropathy, subacute onset, tremor, sensory ataxia, and poor response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Immunosuppressive treatments, including rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate, proved effective if started early in IVIG-resistant IgG4-seropositive cases. Five patients with an IgG1, IgG3, or undetectable isotype showed clinical features indistinguishable from seronegative patients, including good response to IVIG. IgG4 autoantibodies were associated with morphological changes at paranodes in patients' skin biopsies. We also provided preliminary evidence from a single patient about the pathogenicity of anti-Caspr1 IgG4, showing their ability to penetrate paranodal regions and disrupt the integrity of the Nfasc155/CNTN1/Caspr1 complex. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm previous data on the tight clinico-serological correlation between antibodies to nodal/paranodal proteins and CIDP. Despite the low prevalence, testing for their presence and isotype could ultimately be part of the diagnostic workup in suspected inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide treatment. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that antibodies to nodal/paranodal proteins identify patients with CIDP (sensitivity 6%, specificity 100%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cortese
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France.
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Chiara Briani
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Ilaria Callegari
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Luana Benedetti
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Marco Luigetti
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Sergio Ferrari
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Angelo M Clerici
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Girolama Alessandra Marfia
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Marinella Carpo
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Raffaella Fazio
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Massimo Corbo
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna Mazzeo
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabio Giannini
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Giuseppe Cosentino
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisabetta Zardini
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Riccardo Currò
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Matteo Gastaldi
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisa Vegezzi
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Enrico Alfonsi
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Angela Berardinelli
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Ludivine Kouton
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Constance Manso
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia Giannotta
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Pietro Doneddu
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrizia Dacci
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Piccolo
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Marta Ruiz
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Alessandro Salvalaggio
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Chiara De Michelis
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Emanuele Spina
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Antonietta Topa
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Giulia Bisogni
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Angela Romano
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Mariotto
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Giorgia Mataluni
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Federica Cerri
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia Stancanelli
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Mario Sabatelli
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Angelo Schenone
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Enrico Marchioni
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Eduardo Nobile-Orazio
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Devaux
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Diego Franciotta
- From the Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (A.C., I.C., G.C., R.C., E.V.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuromuscular Disease (A.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Neuroalgology Unit (R.L., P.D., L.P., G.L.), IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (C.B., M.R., A.S.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation (I.C., G.C., E.Z., R.C., M.G., E.V., E.A., A.B., D.F.), Pavia, Italy; Department of Neuroscience (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (L.B., C.D.M., A.S.), Genova, Italy; Department of Neurosciences (F.M., E.S., A.T.), Odontostomatological and Reproductive Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS. UOC Neurologia (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (M.L., A.R., M.S.), Rome, Italy; Section of Neurology (S.F., S.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit (A.M.C.), Ospedale di Circolo/Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine (G.A.M., G.M.), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Neurological Department (A.R.), ASST Lecco; Ospedale Treviglio ASST Bergamo Ovest (M.C.), Italy; Department of Neurology (R.F., F.C.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences (M.C.), Casa Cura Policlinico (CCP), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (A.M.), University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences (F.G.), University of Siena, Italy; Referral Center for Neuromuscular Diseases and ALS (L.K., E.M.), AP-HM, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; Université de Bordeaux (C.M.), Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, Bordeaux, France; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (C.G., P.D., E.N.-O.), Milan University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo" (C.S.), Messina, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco" (G.B., G.L.), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (J.D.), INSERM U1051, Montpellier University, Hopital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
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Rifino N, Rigamonti A, Guida FM, De Nobili G, Spena G, Ferrarese C, Salmaggi A. Lack of development of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in a cohort of 103 Italian glioblastoma patients not receiving prophylaxis during post-surgical chemoradiotherapy. J Neurol Sci 2019; 405:116431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.116431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Donadon M, Tommaso LD, Cortese N, Soldani C, Franceschini B, Carriero R, Barbagallo M, Rigamonti A, Anselmo A, Colombo F, Maggi G, Roncalli M, Torzilli G, Mantovani A, Marchesi F. Morphology of tumour-associated macrophages dictates the prognosis of patients with colorectal liver metastases. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz246.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rifino N, Rigamonti A, Guida F, Bonato C, De Nobili G, Spena G, Salmaggi A. P14.128 Lack of development of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in a cohort of 103 Italian glioblastoma patients not receiving prophylaxis during post-surgical chemoradiotherapy. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients diagnosed with high grade gliomas (HGG) usually receive surgery, radiation, temozolomide (TMZ) and corticosteroids. A major concern in patients who receive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the risk of developing secondary myelosuppression and a related infection during treatment. CRT may also lead to a long-lasting reduction of WBC, associated with early death from tumor progression. Among treatment-related infections, Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PJP) has been reported, since then, PJP prophylaxis has been required by the FDA. However, evidence for PJP during CRT is very limited limited and the rate of PJP still low.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We did a retrospective, Institutional Review Board-approved cohort study in 103 patients (60 men and 43 women), who were consecutively diagnosed with GBM in “A. Manzoni” Hospital in Lecco during the period May 2007 to December 2013. All of these patients were treated with CRT according to the Stupp protocol without PJP prophylaxis. Haematological toxicities of CRT were assessed according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 5.0; November 27, 2017). The objective of our study was to investigate the association between CRT and myelosuppression and we evaluated the types of infection contracted on CRT and in particular if the absence of a proper PJP prophylaxis led to an increased rate of PJP.
RESULTS
In our cohort, among 103 patients receiving CRT, 18% developed severe lymphopenia. Among all the subjects enrolled, a total of 9 patients (8.7%) had documented infectious complications during the CRT. Three patients developed community acquired pneumonia. Moreover, we documented three cases of fever without source, two urinary tract infections, one herpes zoster, one herpes simplex 1, one phlegmon and one purulent otitis. However, no one of these patients was diagnosed as PJP despite PJP prophylaxis was not given.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, our data seem to support a lack of undisputable evidence for a favorable risk/benefit profile in the use of PJP prophylaxis for all newly diagnosed GBM patients undergoing the CRT, also considering the rate of adverse reactions (15.2%) and severe adverse reactions (around 3%, mainly leukopenia) in non-HIV adults receiving trimethoprim/sulphametoxazole for prolonged periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rifino
- A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - F Guida
- A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - C Bonato
- A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - G Spena
- A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
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Capua I, Mercalli A, Romero-Tejeda A, Pizzuto MS, Kasloff S, Sordi V, Marzinotto I, Lampasona V, Vicenzi E, De Battisti C, Bonfanti R, Rigamonti A, Terregino C, Doglioni C, Cattoli G, Piemonti L. Study of 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Virus as a Possible Causative Agent of Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:4343-4356. [PMID: 30203067 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent studies have suggested that influenza A virus (IAV) might be involved in the etiology of diabetes. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To address this question, we tested the ability of H1N1 pandemic IAV to infect, replicate, and damage human β cells/pancreatic islets in vitro and induce pancreatic damage and/or glucose metabolism alterations in chemical and autoimmune models of β cell damage in vivo. Moreover, we looked for direct and/or indirect evidence of correlation between IAV infection and autoimmunity/diabetes in humans. RESULTS Human H1N1 A/California/2009-derived viruses infected human pancreatic islets in vitro, inducing a proinflammatory response associated with substantial increases of CXCL9 and CXCL10 release. In vivo, infected mice showed a clear susceptibility to the virus, with its localization also found in extrapulmonary organs, including the pancreas. Infection was able to induce mild modifications of glycemia in C57B6 mice after chemical damage of islets but did not modulate the autoimmune damage of islets in NOD mice. One of 69 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients at the onset of type 1 diabetes yielded positive results for IAV. Pancreas sections from 17 organ donors available from the Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors With Diabetes showed the persistence of CXCL10-positive cells in islet autoimmunity-positive subjects; however, extremely rare cells stained for viral RNA and not preferentially in autoimmune subjects. CONCLUSION Influenza H1N1 pdm strains are able to infect and replicate in mammalian pancreatic cells both in vitro and in vivo but did not cause any functional impairment consistent with diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Animals
- Blood Glucose
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CXCL10/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/virology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/virology
- Dogs
- Female
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification
- Influenza, Human/epidemiology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/virology
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Pandemics
- Primary Cell Culture
- RNA, Viral/isolation & purification
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Capua
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessia Mercalli
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Romero-Tejeda
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo S Pizzuto
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Samantha Kasloff
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marzinotto
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Vicenzi
- Viral Pathogens and Biosafety Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian De Battisti
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Calogero Terregino
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Unit of Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Cattano D, Rigamonti A. Taking the pain by the horns: rams and measuring tape. Minerva Anestesiol 2018; 84:1334-1336. [PMID: 30328336 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.18.13248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cattano
- McGovern Medical School, UTHealth at Houston, Houston, TX, USA -
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Mantero V, Lucchiari S, Balgera R, Comi GP, Salmaggi A, Rigamonti A. Novel Lys215Asn mutation in an Italian family with Thomsen myotonia. Neurol Sci 2018; 39:1491-1492. [PMID: 29546603 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Mantero
- Neurological Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Lucchiari
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Balgera
- Neurological Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurological Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
| | - Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurological Unit, "A. Manzoni" Hospital - ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, 23900, Lecco, Italy
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McAuliffe N, Nicholson S, Rigamonti A, Hare GMT, Cusimano M, Garavaglia M, Pshonyak I, Das S. Awake craniotomy using dexmedetomidine and scalp blocks: a retrospective cohort study. Can J Anaesth 2018; 65:1129-1137. [DOI: 10.1007/s12630-018-1178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Rigamonti A, Imbesi F, Silvani A, Gaviani P, Agostoni E, Porcu L, De Simone I, Torri V, Salmaggi A. Antiepileptic treatment and survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients: Retrospective multicentre study in 285 Italian patients. J Neurol Sci 2018; 390:14-19. [PMID: 29801876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has a dismal prognosis even with the best available treatment. Different studies have suggested a possible impact of antiepileptic drugs (AED) on survival in patients with GBM. A recent pooled analysis of prospective clinical trials in newly diagnosed GBM found no significant survival benefit in GBM patients treated with AED. We performed a retrospective study on adult patients with GBM in order to evaluate the impact of AED therapy on overall survival (OS), after adjusting for known prognostic factor (age, extent of surgery, Karnofsky performance status, radiochemotherapy). A total of 285 patients were analyzed. Of them 144 received a non-enzyme-inducing (NEIAED) and 95 an enzyme-inducing AED (EIAED). At univariate analysis the OS of patients receiving AED was not significantly different from that of patients not receiving an AED (HR 0.98, 95%CI 0.69-1.4, p = 0.925), moreover OS was not significantly different between patients receiving EIAED or NEIAED. At multivariate analysis a trend to more prolonged survival (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.59-1.08, p = 0.15) was detected in patients treated with NEIAED. The question whether treatment with AED may increase OS in GBM patients remains unanswered and randomized extremely large controlled clinical trial would be necessary to elucidate the possible impact of AED on prognosis. In the meantime the use of AED in GBM patients, based on the presumed potential antitumour activity, is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rigamonti
- Neurological Department, ASST Lecco, Via Dell' Eremo 9-11, 23900 Lecco, Italy.
| | - Francesca Imbesi
- Neurological Department, ASST, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Silvani
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCSS Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Gaviani
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCSS Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elio Agostoni
- Neurological Department, ASST, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Pharmacological Research Institute, IRCSS Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Irene De Simone
- Pharmacological Research Institute, IRCSS Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Valter Torri
- Pharmacological Research Institute, IRCSS Mario Negri, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Salmaggi
- Neurological Department, ASST Lecco, Via Dell' Eremo 9-11, 23900 Lecco, Italy
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Lepore G, Bonfanti R, Bozzetto L, Di Blasi V, Girelli A, Grassi G, Iafusco D, Laviola L, Rabbone I, Schiaffini R, Bruttomesso D, Mammì F, Bruzzese M, Schettino M, Nuzzo M, Di Blasi V, Fresa R, Lambiase C, Iafusco D, Zanfardino A, Confetto S, Bozzetto L, Annuzzi G, Alderisio A, Riccardi G, Gentile S, Marino G, Guarino G, Zucchini S, Maltoni G, Suprani T, Graziani V, Nizzoli M, Acquati S, Cavani R, Romano S, Michelini M, Manicardi E, Bonadonna R, Dei Cas A, Dall'aglio E, Papi M, Riboni S, Manicardi V, Manicardi E, Manicardi E, Pugni V, Lasagni A, Street M, Pagliani U, Rossi C, Assaloni R, Brunato B, Tortul C, Zanette G, Li Volsi P, Zanatta M, Tonutti L, Agus S, Pellegrini M, Ceccano P, Pozzilli G, Anguissola B, Buzzetti R, Moretti C C, Leto G, Pozzilli P, Manfrini S, Maurizi A, Leotta S, Altomare M, Abbruzzese S, Carletti S, Suraci C, Filetti S, Manca Bitti M, Arcano S, Cavallo M, De Bernardinis M, Pitocco D, Caputo S, Rizzi A, Manto A, Schiaffini R, Cappa M, Benevento D, Frontoni S, Malandrucco I, Morano S, Filardi T, Lauro D, Marini M, Castaldo E, Sabato D, Tuccinardi F, Forte E, Viterbori P, Arnaldi C, Minuto N, d'Annunzio G, Corsi A, Rota R, Scaranna C, Trevisan R, Valentini U, Girelli A, Bonfadini S, Zarra E, Plebani A, Prandi E, Felappi B, Rocca A, Meneghini E, Galli P, Ruggeri P, Carrai E, Fugazza L, Baggi V, Conti D, Bosi E, Laurenzi A, Caretto A, Molinari C, Orsi E, Grancini V, Resi V, Bonfanti R, Favalli V, Bonura C, Rigamonti A, Bonomo M, Bertuzzi F, Pintaudi B, Disoteo O, Perseghin G, Perra S, Chiovato L, De Cata P, Zerbini F, Lovati E, Laneri M, Guerraggio L, Bossi A, De Mori V, Galetta M, Meloncelli I, Aiello A A, Di Vincenzo S, Nuzzi A, Fraticelli E, Ansaldi E, Battezzati M, Lombardi M, Balbo M, Lera R, Secco A, De Donno V, Cadario F, Savastio S, Ponzani C, Aimaretti G, Rabbone I, Ignaccolo G, Tinti D, Cerutti F, Bari F, Giorgino F, Piccinno E, Zecchino O, Cignarelli M, Lamacchia O, Picca G, De Cosmo S, Rauseo A, Tomaselli L, Tumminia A, Egiziano C, Scarpitta A, Maggio F, Cardella F, Roppolo R, Provenzano V, Fleres M, Scorsone A, Scatena A, Gregori G, Lucchesi S, Gadducci F, Di Cianni S, Pancani S, Del Prato S, Aragona M, Crisci I, Calianno A, Fattor B, Crazzolara D, Reinstadler P, Longhi S, Incelli G, Rauch S, Romanelli T, Orrasch M, Cauvin V, Franceschi R, Lalli C, Pianta A, Marangoni A, Aricò C, Marin N, Nogara N, Simioni N, Filippi A, Gidoni Guarneri G, Contin M.L M, Decata A, Bondesan L, Confortin L, Coracina A, Lombardi S, Costa Padova S, Cipponeri E, Scotton R, Galasso S, Boscari F, Zanon M, Vinci C, Lisato G, Gottardo L, Bonora E, Trombetta M, Negri C, Brangani C, Maffeis C, Sabbion A, Marigliano M. Metabolic control and complications in Italian people with diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:335-342. [PMID: 29428572 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the degree of glycaemic control and the frequency of diabetic complications in Italian people with diabetes who were treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). METHODS AND RESULTS Questionnaires investigating the organisation of diabetes care centres, individuals' clinical and metabolic features and pump technology and its management were sent to adult and paediatric diabetes centres that use CSII for treatment in Italy. Information on standard clinical variables, demographic data and acute and chronic diabetic complications was derived from local clinical management systems. The sample consisted of 6623 people with diabetes, which was obtained from 93 centres. Of them, 98.8% had type 1 diabetes mellitus, 57.2% were female, 64% used a conventional insulin pump and 36% used a sensor-augmented insulin pump. The median glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 60 mmol/mol (7.6%). The HbA1c target (i.e. <58 mmol/mol for age <18 years and <53 mmol/mol for age >18 years) was achieved in 43.4% of paediatric and 23% of adult participants. Factors such as advanced pump functions, higher rate of sensor use, pregnancy in the year before the study and longer duration of diabetes were associated with lower HbA1c levels. The most common chronic complications occurring in diabetes were retinopathy, microalbuminuria and hypertension. In the year before the study, 5% of participants reported ≥1 episode of severe hypoglycaemic (SH) episodes (SH) and 2.6% reported ≥1 episode of ketoacidosis. CONCLUSIONS Advanced personal skills and use of sensor-based pump are associated with better metabolic control outcomes in Italian people with diabetes who were treated with CSII. The reduction in SH episodes confirms the positive effect of CSII on hypoglycaemia. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT 02620917 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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