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Arnautu DA, Cozma D, Lala IR, Arnautu SF, Tomescu MC, Andor M. Risk Assessment and Personalized Treatment Options in Inherited Dilated Cardiomyopathies: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1643. [PMID: 39200108 PMCID: PMC11351202 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the worldwide impact of heart failure, it is crucial to develop approaches that can help us comprehend its root cause and make accurate predictions about its outcome. This is essential for lowering the suffering and death rates connected with this widespread illness. Cardiomyopathies frequently result from genetic factors, and the study of heart failure genetics is advancing quickly. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most prevalent kind of cardiomyopathy, encompassing both genetic and nongenetic abnormalities. It is distinguished by the enlargement of the left ventricle or both ventricles, accompanied by reduced contractility. The discovery of the molecular origins and subsequent awareness of the molecular mechanism is broadening our knowledge of DCM development. Additionally, it emphasizes the complicated nature of DCM and the necessity to formulate several different strategies to address the diverse underlying factors contributing to this disease. Genetic variants that can be transmitted from one generation to another can be a significant contributor to causing family or sporadic hereditary DCM. Genetic variants also play a significant role in determining susceptibility for acquired triggers for DCM. The genetic causes of DCM can have a large range of phenotypic expressions. It is crucial to select patients who are most probable to gain advantages from genetic testing. The purpose of this research is to emphasize the significance of identifying genetic DCM, the relationships between genotype and phenotype, risk assessment, and personalized therapy for both those affected and their relatives. This approach is expected to gain importance once treatment is guided by genotype-specific advice and disease-modifying medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana-Aurora Arnautu
- Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.-A.A.); (M.-C.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragos Cozma
- Department of Cardiology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan-Radu Lala
- Department of Cardiology, Western University Vasile Goldis, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Sergiu-Florin Arnautu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela-Cleopatra Tomescu
- Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.-A.A.); (M.-C.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Minodora Andor
- Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.-A.A.); (M.-C.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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2
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Ivanova A, Kohl F, González-King Garibotti H, Chalupska R, Cvjetkovic A, Firth M, Jennbacken K, Martinsson S, Silva AM, Viken I, Wang QD, Wiseman J, Dekker N. In vivo phage display identifies novel peptides for cardiac targeting. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12177. [PMID: 38806609 PMCID: PMC11133476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure remains a leading cause of mortality. Therapeutic intervention for heart failure would benefit from targeted delivery to the damaged heart tissue. Here, we applied in vivo peptide phage display coupled with high-throughput Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and identified peptides specifically targeting damaged cardiac tissue. We established a bioinformatics pipeline for the identification of cardiac targeting peptides. Hit peptides demonstrated preferential uptake by human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes and immortalized mouse HL1 cardiomyocytes, without substantial uptake in human liver HepG2 cells. These novel peptides hold promise for use in targeted drug delivery and regenerative strategies and open new avenues in cardiovascular research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Ivanova
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Franziska Kohl
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Solna, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hernán González-King Garibotti
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Renata Chalupska
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Cvjetkovic
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mike Firth
- Data Sciences and Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Karin Jennbacken
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Martinsson
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreia M Silva
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ida Viken
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John Wiseman
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niek Dekker
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 50, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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3
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Chen Z, Li Z, Xu R, Xie Y, Li D, Zhao Y. Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation of Isosteviol Derivatives as New SIRT3 Activators with Highly Potent Cardioprotective Effects. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6749-6768. [PMID: 38572607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) persist as the predominant cause of mortality, urging the exploration of innovative pharmaceuticals. Mitochondrial dysfunction stands as a pivotal contributor to CVDs development. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a prominent mitochondrial deacetylase known for its crucial role in protecting mitochondria against damage and dysfunction, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for CVDs treatment. Utilizing isosteviol, a natural ent-beyerene diterpenoid, 24 derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in vivo using a zebrafish model, establishing a deduced structure-activity relationship. Among these, derivative 5v exhibited significant efficacy in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in zebrafish and murine models. Subsequent investigations revealed that 5v selectively elevated SIRT3 expression, leading to the upregulation of SOD2 and OPA1 expression, effectively preventing mitochondrial dysfunction, mitigating oxidative stress, and preserving cardiomyocyte viability. As a novel structural class of SIRT3 activators with robust therapeutic effects, 5v emerges as a promising candidate for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiyin Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruilong Xu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dehuai Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Antonopoulos AS, Xintarakou A, Protonotarios A, Lazaros G, Miliou A, Tsioufis K, Vlachopoulos C. Imagenetics for Precision Medicine in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2024; 17:e004301. [PMID: 38415367 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.123.004301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common heart muscle disorder of nonischemic etiology associated with heart failure development and the risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. A tailored approach to risk stratification and prevention of sudden cardiac death is required in genetic DCM given its variable presentation and phenotypic severity. Currently, advances in cardiogenetics have shed light on disease mechanisms, the complex genetic architecture of DCM, polygenic contributors to disease susceptibility and the role of environmental triggers. Parallel advances in imaging have also enhanced disease recognition and the identification of the wide spectrum of phenotypes falling under the DCM umbrella. Genotype-phenotype associations have been also established for specific subtypes of DCM, such as DSP (desmoplakin) or FLNC (filamin-C) cardiomyopathy but overall, they remain elusive and not readily identifiable. Also, despite the accumulated knowledge on disease mechanisms, certain aspects remain still unclear, such as which patients with DCM are at risk for disease progression or remission after treatment. Imagenetics, that is, the combination of imaging and genetics, is expected to further advance research in the field and contribute to precision medicine in DCM management and treatment. In the present article, we review the existing literature in the field, summarize the established knowledge and emerging data on the value of genetics and imaging in establishing genotype-phenotype associations in DCM and in clinical decision making for DCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios S Antonopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.S.A., A.X., G.L., A.M., K.T., C.V.)
| | - Anastasia Xintarakou
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.S.A., A.X., G.L., A.M., K.T., C.V.)
| | - Alexandros Protonotarios
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (A.P.)
- Inherited Cardiovascular Disease Unit, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom (A.P.)
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.S.A., A.X., G.L., A.M., K.T., C.V.)
| | - Antigoni Miliou
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.S.A., A.X., G.L., A.M., K.T., C.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsioufis
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.S.A., A.X., G.L., A.M., K.T., C.V.)
| | - Charalambos Vlachopoulos
- 1st Cardiology Department, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (A.S.A., A.X., G.L., A.M., K.T., C.V.)
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5
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Stege NM, Eijgenraam TR, Oliveira Nunes Teixeira V, Feringa AM, Schouten EM, Kuster DW, van der Velden J, Wolters AH, Giepmans BN, Makarewich CA, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN, de Boer RA, Silljé HH. DWORF Extends Life Span in a PLN-R14del Cardiomyopathy Mouse Model by Reducing Abnormal Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Clusters. Circ Res 2023; 133:1006-1021. [PMID: 37955153 PMCID: PMC10699510 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The p.Arg14del variant of the PLN (phospholamban) gene causes cardiomyopathy, leading to severe heart failure. Calcium handling defects and perinuclear PLN aggregation have both been suggested as pathological drivers of this disease. Dwarf open reading frame (DWORF) has been shown to counteract PLN regulatory calcium handling function in the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (S/ER). Here, we investigated the potential disease-modulating action of DWORF in this cardiomyopathy and its effects on calcium handling and PLN aggregation. METHODS We studied a PLN-R14del mouse model, which develops cardiomyopathy with similar characteristics as human patients, and explored whether cardiac DWORF overexpression could delay cardiac deterioration. To this end, R14Δ/Δ (homozygous PLN-R14del) mice carrying the DWORF transgene (R14Δ/ΔDWORFTg [R14Δ/Δ mice carrying the DWORF transgene]) were used. RESULTS DWORF expression was suppressed in hearts of R14Δ/Δ mice with severe heart failure. Restoration of DWORF expression in R14Δ/Δ mice delayed cardiac fibrosis and heart failure and increased life span >2-fold (from 8 to 18 weeks). DWORF accelerated sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium reuptake and relaxation in isolated cardiomyocytes with wild-type PLN, but in R14Δ/Δ cardiomyocytes, sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium reuptake and relaxation were already enhanced, and no differences were detected between R14Δ/Δ and R14Δ/ΔDWORFTg. Rather, DWORF overexpression delayed the appearance and formation of large pathogenic perinuclear PLN clusters. Careful examination revealed colocalization of sarcoplasmic reticulum markers with these PLN clusters in both R14Δ/Δ mice and human p.Arg14del PLN heart tissue, and hence these previously termed aggregates are comprised of abnormal organized S/ER. This abnormal S/ER organization in PLN-R14del cardiomyopathy contributes to cardiomyocyte cell loss and replacement fibrosis, consequently resulting in cardiac dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Disorganized S/ER is a major characteristic of PLN-R14del cardiomyopathy in humans and mice and results in cardiomyocyte death. DWORF overexpression delayed PLN-R14del cardiomyopathy progression and extended life span in R14Δ/Δ mice, by reducing abnormal S/ER clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke M. Stege
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
| | - Tim R. Eijgenraam
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
| | - Vivian Oliveira Nunes Teixeira
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
| | - Anna M. Feringa
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
| | - Elisabeth M. Schouten
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
| | - Diederik W.D. Kuster
- Department of Physiology (D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias (D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology (D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias (D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk H.G. Wolters
- Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, UMC Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (A.H.G.W., B.N.G.G.)
| | - Ben N.G. Giepmans
- Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, UMC Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (A.H.G.W., B.N.G.G.)
| | - Catherine A. Makarewich
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology of the Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, OH (C.A.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH (C.A.M.)
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (R.B.-D., E.N.O.)
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (R.B.-D., E.N.O.)
| | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.d.B.)
| | - Herman H.W. Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (N.M.S., T.R.E., V.O.N.T., A.M.F., E.M.S., R.A.d.B., H.H.W.S.)
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6
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Wang S, Zhang Z, He J, Liu J, Guo X, Chu H, Xu H, Wang Y. Comprehensive review on gene mutations contributing to dilated cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1296389. [PMID: 38107262 PMCID: PMC10722203 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1296389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most common primary myocardial diseases. However, to this day, it remains an enigmatic cardiovascular disease (CVD) characterized by ventricular dilatation, which leads to myocardial contractile dysfunction. It is the most common cause of chronic congestive heart failure and the most frequent indication for heart transplantation in young individuals. Genetics and various other factors play significant roles in the progression of dilated cardiomyopathy, and variants in more than 50 genes have been associated with the disease. However, the etiology of a large number of cases remains elusive. Numerous studies have been conducted on the genetic causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. These genetic studies suggest that mutations in genes for fibronectin, cytoskeletal proteins, and myosin in cardiomyocytes play a key role in the development of DCM. In this review, we provide a comprehensive description of the genetic basis, mechanisms, and research advances in genes that have been strongly associated with DCM based on evidence-based medicine. We also emphasize the important role of gene sequencing in therapy for potential early diagnosis and improved clinical management of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Jiahuan He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junqian Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haoxuan Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanchi Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yushi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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7
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Palmieri G, D’Ambrosio MF, Correale M, Brunetti ND, Santacroce R, Iacoviello M, Margaglione M. The Role of Genetics in the Management of Heart Failure Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15221. [PMID: 37894902 PMCID: PMC10607512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, the relevance of genetics in cardiovascular diseases has expanded, especially in the context of cardiomyopathies. Its relevance extends to the management of patients diagnosed with heart failure (HF), given its capacity to provide invaluable insights into the etiology of cardiomyopathies and identify individuals at a heightened risk of poor outcomes. Notably, the identification of an etiological genetic variant necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of the family lineage of the affected patients. In the future, these genetic variants hold potential as therapeutic targets with the capability to modify gene expression. In this complex setting, collaboration among cardiologists, specifically those specializing in cardiomyopathies and HF, and geneticists becomes paramount to improving individual and family health outcomes, as well as therapeutic clinical results. This review is intended to offer geneticists and cardiologists an updated perspective on the value of genetic research in HF and its implications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpaolo Palmieri
- School of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 70122 Foggia, Italy; (G.P.); (M.C.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Maria Francesca D’Ambrosio
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 70122 Foggia, Italy; (M.F.D.); (R.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Michele Correale
- School of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 70122 Foggia, Italy; (G.P.); (M.C.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Natale Daniele Brunetti
- School of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 70122 Foggia, Italy; (G.P.); (M.C.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Rosa Santacroce
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 70122 Foggia, Italy; (M.F.D.); (R.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Massimo Iacoviello
- University Cardiology Unit, Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Margaglione
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 70122 Foggia, Italy; (M.F.D.); (R.S.); (M.M.)
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8
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Heymans S, Lakdawala NK, Tschöpe C, Klingel K. Dilated cardiomyopathy: causes, mechanisms, and current and future treatment approaches. Lancet 2023; 402:998-1011. [PMID: 37716772 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy is conventionally defined as the presence of left ventricular or biventricular dilatation or systolic dysfunction in the absence of abnormal loading conditions (eg, primary valve disease) or significant coronary artery disease sufficient to cause ventricular remodelling. This definition has been recognised as overly restrictive, as left ventricular hypokinesis without dilation could be the initial presentation of dilated cardiomyopathy. The causes of dilated cardiomyopathy comprise genetic (primary dilated cardiomyopathy) or acquired factors (secondary dilated cardiomyopathy). Acquired factors include infections, toxins, cancer treatment, endocrinopathies, pregnancy, tachyarrhythmias, and immune-mediated diseases. 5-15% of patients with acquired dilated cardiomyopathy harbour a likely pathogenic or pathogenic gene variant (ie, gene mutation). Therefore, the diagnostic tests and therapeutic approach should always consider both genetic and acquired factors. This Seminar will focus on the current multidimensional diagnostic and therapeutic approach and discuss the underlying pathophysiology that could drive future treatments aiming to repair or replace the existing gene mutation, or target the specific inflammatory, metabolic, or pro-fibrotic drivers of genetic or acquired dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht & Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Vascular and Molecular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Neal K Lakdawala
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Medicine (CVK), German Heart Center of the Charité (DHZC), Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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9
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Ryan T, Roberts JD. Emerging Targeted Therapies for Inherited Cardiomyopathies and Arrhythmias. Card Electrophysiol Clin 2023; 15:261-271. [PMID: 37558297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccep.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia syndromes are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in young people. Medical management of these conditions has primarily been limited to agents previously developed for more common forms of heart disease and not tailored to their distinct pathophysiology. As our understanding of their underlying genetics and disease mechanisms has improved, an era of targeted therapies for these rare conditions has begun to emerge. In recent years, several novel agents have been developed and tested in preclinical models and, in some cases, have advanced to both the clinical trial and clinical approval stages with exciting results. These new treatments are derived from multiple classes of therapeutics, including small molecules, antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNAs, adeno-associated virus-mediated gene therapies, and in vivo gene editing. Collectively, they carry the promise of revolutionizing management of affected patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Ryan
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, DBCVSRI, Hamilton General Hospital, Room C3-121, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8L2X2, Canada
| | - Jason D Roberts
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; DBCVSRI, Room C3-111, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, Ontario L8L2X2, Canada; Population Health Research Institute and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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10
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Aderinto N, Abdulbasit MO, Olatunji G, Edun M, Aboderin G. The promise of RNA-based therapeutics in revolutionizing heart failure management - a narrative review of current evidence. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:4442-4453. [PMID: 37663746 PMCID: PMC10473317 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review elucidates the potential of RNA-based therapeutics to revolutionize heart failure (HF) management. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant studies, this review reveals the promising prospects of these novel interventions in personalized treatment strategies, targeted modulation of specific molecular pathways, and the attainment of synergistic effects via combination therapies. Moreover, the regenerative capacity of RNA-based therapeutics for cardiac repair and the inherent advantages associated with noninvasive routes of administration are explored. Additionally, the studies accentuate the significance of diligent monitoring of disease progression and treatment response, ensuring safety and considering long-term outcomes. While ongoing research endeavours and technological advancements persist in addressing extant challenges and limitations, the transformative potential of RNA-based therapeutics in HF management offers a beacon of hope for enhanced patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State
| | - Muili O. Abdulbasit
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State
| | - Gbolahan Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Mariam Edun
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Gbolahan Aboderin
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State
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11
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Giacca M. Fulfilling the Promise of RNA Therapies for Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:527-535. [PMID: 37440203 PMCID: PMC10427962 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The progressive appreciation that multiple types of RNAs regulate virtually all aspects of tissue function and the availability of effective tools to deliver RNAs in vivo now offers unprecedented possibilities for obtaining RNA-based therapeutics. For the heart, RNA therapies can be developed that stimulate endogenous repair after cardiac damage. Applications in this area include acute cardioprotection after ischemia or cancer chemotherapy, therapeutic angiogenesis to promote new blood vessel formation, regeneration to form new cardiac mass, and editing of mutations to cure inherited cardiac disease. While the potential of RNA therapeutics for all these conditions is exciting, the field is still in its infancy. A number of roadblocks need to be overcome for RNA therapies to become effective, in particular, related to the problem of delivering RNA medicines into the cells and targeting them specifically to the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giacca
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
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12
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de Boer RA. Should we offer preventive treatment to all carriers of PLN p.(Arg14del) variant? : Pro: Provide pre-emptive treatment to asymptomatic carriers. Neth Heart J 2023:10.1007/s12471-023-01793-0. [PMID: 37493902 PMCID: PMC10400733 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-023-01793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Doevendans PA. Should we offer preventive treatment to all carriers of PLN p.(Arg14del) variant? : Con: Do no harm to asymptomatic carriers. Neth Heart J 2023:10.1007/s12471-023-01794-z. [PMID: 37491506 PMCID: PMC10400497 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-023-01794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter A Doevendans
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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14
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Lira JR, Guymon AL, Yang L, Sternburg JO, Giri S, Wang X. The double-hit protocol induces HFpEF and impairs myocardial ubiquitin-proteasome system performance in FVB/N mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1208153. [PMID: 37362441 PMCID: PMC10285383 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1208153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a leading cause of death and disability, with its prevalence surpassing that of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Obesity and hypertension are often associated with HFpEF. HFpEF can be modeled through simultaneous metabolic and hypertensive stresses in male C57BL/6N mice provoked by a combination treatment of a high-fat diet (HFD) and constitutive nitric oxide synthase inhibition by Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl-ester (L-NAME). Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dysfunction was detected in many forms of cardiomyopathy, but whether it occurs in HFpEF remains unknown. We report successful modeling of HFpEF in male FVB/N mice and, by taking advantage of a transgenic UPS reporter mouse, we have detected myocardial UPS functioning impairment during HFpEF, suggesting a pathogenic role for impaired protein degradation in the development and progression of HFpEF.
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15
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Skogestad J, Albert I, Hougen K, Lothe GB, Lunde M, Eken OS, Veras I, Huynh NTT, Børstad M, Marshall S, Shen X, Louch WE, Robinson EL, Cleveland JC, Ambardekar AV, Schwisow JA, Jonas E, Calejo AI, Morth JP, Taskén K, Melleby AO, Lunde PK, Sjaastad I, Carlson CR, Aronsen JM. Disruption of Phosphodiesterase 3A Binding to SERCA2 Increases SERCA2 Activity and Reduces Mortality in Mice With Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation 2023; 147:1221-1236. [PMID: 36876489 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing SERCA2 (sarco[endo]-plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2) activity is suggested to be beneficial in chronic heart failure, but no selective SERCA2-activating drugs are available. PDE3A (phosphodiesterase 3A) is proposed to be present in the SERCA2 interactome and limit SERCA2 activity. Disruption of PDE3A from SERCA2 might thus be a strategy to develop SERCA2 activators. METHODS Confocal microscopy, 2-color direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, proximity ligation assays, immunoprecipitations, peptide arrays, and surface plasmon resonance were used to investigate colocalization between SERCA2 and PDE3A in cardiomyocytes, map the SERCA2/PDE3A interaction sites, and optimize disruptor peptides that release PDE3A from SERCA2. Functional experiments assessing the effect of PDE3A-binding to SERCA2 were performed in cardiomyocytes and HEK293 vesicles. The effect of SERCA2/PDE3A disruption by the disruptor peptide OptF (optimized peptide F) on cardiac mortality and function was evaluated during 20 weeks in 2 consecutive randomized, blinded, and controlled preclinical trials in a total of 148 mice injected with recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (rAAV9)-OptF, rAAV9-control (Ctrl), or PBS, before undergoing aortic banding (AB) or sham surgery and subsequent phenotyping with serial echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, histology, and functional and molecular assays. RESULTS PDE3A colocalized with SERCA2 in human nonfailing, human failing, and rodent myocardium. Amino acids 277-402 of PDE3A bound directly to amino acids 169-216 within the actuator domain of SERCA2. Disruption of PDE3A from SERCA2 increased SERCA2 activity in normal and failing cardiomyocytes. SERCA2/PDE3A disruptor peptides increased SERCA2 activity also in the presence of protein kinase A inhibitors and in phospholamban-deficient mice, and had no effect in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific inactivation of SERCA2. Cotransfection of PDE3A reduced SERCA2 activity in HEK293 vesicles. Treatment with rAAV9-OptF reduced cardiac mortality compared with rAAV9-Ctrl (hazard ratio, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.11 to 0.63]) and PBS (hazard ratio, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.09 to 0.90]) 20 weeks after AB. Mice injected with rAAV9-OptF had improved contractility and no difference in cardiac remodeling compared with rAAV9-Ctrl after aortic banding. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PDE3A regulates SERCA2 activity through direct binding, independently of the catalytic activity of PDE3A. Targeting the SERCA2/PDE3A interaction prevented cardiac mortality after AB, most likely by improving cardiac contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Skogestad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Albert
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Karina Hougen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Gustav B Lothe
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway (G.B.L.)
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway (G.B.L., J.M.A.)
| | - Marianne Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Søvik Eken
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (O.S.E., I.V., N.T.T.-H., A.O.M., J.M.A.)
| | - Ioanni Veras
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (O.S.E., I.V., N.T.T.-H., A.O.M., J.M.A.)
| | - Ngoc Trang Thi Huynh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (O.S.E., I.V., N.T.T.-H., A.O.M., J.M.A.)
| | - Mira Børstad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Serena Marshall
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Emma Louise Robinson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (E.L.R., A.V.A., J.A.S., E.J.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Joseph C Cleveland
- Department of Surgery (J.C.C.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Amrut V Ambardekar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (E.L.R., A.V.A., J.A.S., E.J.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Jessica A Schwisow
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (E.L.R., A.V.A., J.A.S., E.J.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Eric Jonas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (E.L.R., A.V.A., J.A.S., E.J.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Ana I Calejo
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership (A.I.C.C., J.P.M., K.T.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Preben Morth
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership (A.I.C.C., J.P.M., K.T.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby (J.P.M.)
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership (A.I.C.C., J.P.M., K.T.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (K.T.)
| | - Arne Olav Melleby
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (O.S.E., I.V., N.T.T.-H., A.O.M., J.M.A.)
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Rein Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (J.S., I.A., K.H., M.L., O.S.E., I.V., M.B., S.M., X.S., W.E.L., P.K.L., I.S., C.R.C., J.M.A.), Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
- Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway (G.B.L., J.M.A.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (O.S.E., I.V., N.T.T.-H., A.O.M., J.M.A.)
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16
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Vafiadaki E, Glijnis PC, Doevendans PA, Kranias EG, Sanoudou D. Phospholamban R14del disease: The past, the present and the future. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1162205. [PMID: 37144056 PMCID: PMC10151546 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1162205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy affects significant number of patients worldwide and is characterized by life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Mutations in multiple genes with diverse functions have been reported to date including phospholamban (PLN), a key regulator of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ homeostasis and cardiac contractility. The PLN-R14del variant in specific is recognized as the cause in an increasing number of patients worldwide, and extensive investigations have enabled rapid advances towards the delineation of PLN-R14del disease pathogenesis and discovery of an effective treatment. We provide a critical overview of current knowledge on PLN-R14del disease pathophysiology, including clinical, animal model, cellular and biochemical studies, as well as diverse therapeutic approaches that are being pursued. The milestones achieved in <20 years, since the discovery of the PLN R14del mutation (2006), serve as a paradigm of international scientific collaboration and patient involvement towards finding a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: Elizabeth Vafiadaki Despina Sanoudou
| | - Pieter C. Glijnis
- Stichting Genetische Hartspierziekte PLN, Phospholamban Foundation, Wieringerwerf, Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. Doevendans
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Evangelia G. Kranias
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: Elizabeth Vafiadaki Despina Sanoudou
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17
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Giacca M. Gene editing for cardiomyopathy takes a step forward. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3011-3012. [PMID: 36223597 PMCID: PMC9732510 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giacca
- King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, London, UK
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18
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Dong M, Liu J, Liu C, Wang H, Sun W, Liu B. CRISPR/CAS9: A promising approach for the research and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106480. [PMID: 36191879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of gene-editing technology has been one of the biggest advances in biomedicine over the past two decades. Not only can it be used as a research tool to build a variety of disease models for the exploration of disease pathogenesis at the genetic level, it can also be used for prevention and treatment. This is done by intervening with the expression of target genes and carrying out precise molecular targeted therapy for diseases. The simple and flexible clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene-editing technology overcomes the limitations of zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). For this reason, it has rapidly become a preferred method for gene editing. As a new gene intervention method, CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in the clinical treatment of tumours and rare diseases; however, its application in the field of cardiovascular diseases is currently limited. This article reviews the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology in cardiovascular disease research and treatment, and discusses the limitations and prospects of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041
| | - Jiangen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Liaoning Province People's Hospital, 33 Wenyi Road, ShenYang, China, 110016
| | - He Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Road, Changchun, China, 130041.
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19
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Deiman FE, Bomer N, van der Meer P, Grote Beverborg N. Review: Precision Medicine Approaches for Genetic Cardiomyopathy: Targeting Phospholamban R14del. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2022; 19:170-179. [PMID: 35699837 PMCID: PMC9329159 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heart failure is a syndrome with poor prognosis and no curative options for the majority of patients. The standard one-size-fits-all-treatment approach, targeting neurohormonal dysregulations, helps to modulate symptoms of heart failure, but fails to address the cause of the problem. Precision medicine aims to go beyond symptom modulation and targets pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie disease. In this review, an overview of how precision medicine can be approached as a treatment strategy for genetic heart disease will be discussed. PLN R14del, a genetic mutation known to cause cardiomyopathy, will be used as an example to describe the potential and pitfalls of precision medicine. RECENT FINDINGS PLN R14del is characterized by several disease hallmarks including calcium dysregulation, metabolic dysfunction, and protein aggregation. The identification of disease-related biological pathways and the effective targeting using several modalities, including gene silencing and signal transduction modulation, may eventually provide novel treatments for genetic heart disease. We propose a workflow on how to approach precision medicine in heart disease. This workflow focuses on deep phenotyping of patient derived material, including in vitro disease modeling. This will allow identification of therapeutic targets and disease modifiers, to be used for the identification of novel biomarkers and the development of precision medicine approaches for genetic cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik E Deiman
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, UMCG Post-zone AB43, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Bomer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, UMCG Post-zone AB43, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, UMCG Post-zone AB43, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, UMCG Post-zone AB43, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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20
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Tabata T, Kuramoto Y, Ohtani T, Miyawaki H, Miyashita Y, Sera F, Kioka H, Higo S, Asano Y, Hikoso S, Sakata Y. Phospholamban p.Arg14del Cardiomyopathy: A Japanese Case Series. Intern Med 2022; 61:1987-1993. [PMID: 34924461 PMCID: PMC9334245 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.8594-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholamban p.Arg14del is reported to cause hereditary cardiomyopathy with malignant ventricular tachycardia (VT) and advanced heart failure. However, the clinical courses of Japanese cardiomyopathy patients with phospholamban p.Arg14del remain uncharacterized. We identified five patients with this variant. All patients were diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), developed end-stage heart failure and experienced VT requiring implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharge. Four patients survived after implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD), while one patient who refused LVAD implantation died of heart failure. Based on the severe course of the disease, we propose genetic screening for phospholamban p.Arg14del in DCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Tabata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuramoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tomohito Ohtani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyawaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Fusako Sera
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shungo Hikoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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21
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Blocking phospholamban with VHH intrabodies enhances contractility and relaxation in heart failure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3018. [PMID: 35641497 PMCID: PMC9156741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated physical interaction between two intracellular membrane proteins, the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase and its reversible inhibitor phospholamban, induces heart failure by inhibiting calcium cycling. While phospholamban is a bona-fide therapeutic target, approaches to selectively inhibit this protein remain elusive. Here, we report the in vivo application of intracellular acting antibodies (intrabodies), derived from the variable domain of camelid heavy-chain antibodies, to modulate the function of phospholamban. Using a synthetic VHH phage-display library, we identify intrabodies with high affinity and specificity for different conformational states of phospholamban. Rapid phenotypic screening, via modified mRNA transfection of primary cells and tissue, efficiently identifies the intrabody with most desirable features. Adeno-associated virus mediated delivery of this intrabody results in improvement of cardiac performance in a murine heart failure model. Our strategy for generating intrabodies to investigate cardiac disease combined with modified mRNA and adeno-associated virus screening could reveal unique future therapeutic opportunities. Here the authors use modified RNA and VHH libraries to generate intrabodies that target dysregulated interactions between two calcium handling proteins in failing cardiomyocytes. Heart specific expression of the intrabodies in a murine heart failure model results in improved cardiac function.
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22
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Signaling cascades in the failing heart and emerging therapeutic strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:134. [PMID: 35461308 PMCID: PMC9035186 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure is the end stage of cardiac diseases. With a high prevalence and a high mortality rate worldwide, chronic heart failure is one of the heaviest health-related burdens. In addition to the standard neurohormonal blockade therapy, several medications have been developed for chronic heart failure treatment, but the population-wide improvement in chronic heart failure prognosis over time has been modest, and novel therapies are still needed. Mechanistic discovery and technical innovation are powerful driving forces for therapeutic development. On the one hand, the past decades have witnessed great progress in understanding the mechanism of chronic heart failure. It is now known that chronic heart failure is not only a matter involving cardiomyocytes. Instead, chronic heart failure involves numerous signaling pathways in noncardiomyocytes, including fibroblasts, immune cells, vascular cells, and lymphatic endothelial cells, and crosstalk among these cells. The complex regulatory network includes protein-protein, protein-RNA, and RNA-RNA interactions. These achievements in mechanistic studies provide novel insights for future therapeutic targets. On the other hand, with the development of modern biological techniques, targeting a protein pharmacologically is no longer the sole option for treating chronic heart failure. Gene therapy can directly manipulate the expression level of genes; gene editing techniques provide hope for curing hereditary cardiomyopathy; cell therapy aims to replace dysfunctional cardiomyocytes; and xenotransplantation may solve the problem of donor heart shortages. In this paper, we reviewed these two aspects in the field of failing heart signaling cascades and emerging therapeutic strategies based on modern biological techniques.
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23
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Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Karch J, Wang MC, Wehrens XH. Targeting calcium-mediated inter-organellar crosstalk in cardiac diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:303-317. [PMID: 35426759 PMCID: PMC9081256 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2067479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal calcium signaling between organelles such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), mitochondria and lysosomes is a key feature of heart diseases. Calcium serves as a secondary messenger mediating inter-organellar crosstalk, essential for maintaining the cardiomyocyte function. AREAS COVERED This article examines the available literature related to calcium channels and transporters involved in inter-organellar calcium signaling. The SR calcium-release channels ryanodine receptor type-2 (RyR2) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), and calcium-transporter SR/ER-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) are illuminated. The roles of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), the mitochondria Ca2+ uniporter complex (MCUC), and the lysosomal H+/Ca2+ exchanger, two pore channels (TPC), and transient receptor potential mucolipin (TRPML) are discussed. Furthermore, recent studies showing calcium-mediated crosstalk between the SR, mitochondria, and lysosomes as well as how this crosstalk is dysregulated in cardiac diseases are placed under the spotlight. EXPERT OPINION Enhanced SR calcium release via RyR2 and reduced SR reuptake via SERCA2a, increased VDAC and MCUC-mediated calcium uptake into mitochondria, and enhanced lysosomal calcium-release via lysosomal TPC and TRPML may all contribute to aberrant calcium homeostasis causing heart disease. While mechanisms of this crosstalk need to be studied further, interventions targeting these calcium channels or combinations thereof might represent a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit M. Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
| | - Satadru K. Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
| | - Jason Karch
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
| | - Meng C. Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Huffington Center on Aging
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics
- Dept. of Medicine (Cardiology)
- Dept. of Neuroscience
- Dept. of Pediatrics (Cardiology)
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24
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Manca P, Nuzzi V, Cannatà A, Castrichini M, Bromage DI, De Luca A, Stolfo D, Schulz U, Merlo M, Sinagra G. The right ventricular involvement in dilated cardiomyopathy: prevalence and prognostic implications of the often-neglected child. Heart Fail Rev 2022; 27:1795-1805. [PMID: 35315505 PMCID: PMC9388461 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary heart muscle disease characterized by left or biventricular systolic impairment. Historically, most of the clinical attention has been devoted to the evaluation of left ventricular function and morphology, while right ventricle (RV) has been for many years the forgotten chamber. Recently, progresses in cardiac imaging gave clinicians precious tools for the evaluation of RV, raising the awareness of the importance of biventricular assessment in DCM. Indeed, RV involvement is far from being uncommon in DCM, and the presence of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is one of the major negative prognostic determinants in DCM patients. However, some aspects such as the possible role of specific genetic mutations in determining the biventricular phenotype in DCM, or the lack of specific treatments able to primarily counteract RVD, still need research. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on RV involvement in DCM, giving an overview on the epidemiology and pathogenetic mechanisms implicated in determining RVD. Furthermore, we discussed the imaging techniques to evaluate RV function and the role of RV failure in advanced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Manca
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nuzzi
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Cannatà
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matteo Castrichini
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniel I Bromage
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Stolfo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Uwe Schulz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Merlo
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliana Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34149, Trieste, Italy
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25
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Antisense Therapy Attenuates Phospholamban p.(Arg14del) Cardiomyopathy in Mice and Reverses Protein Aggregation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052427. [PMID: 35269571 PMCID: PMC8909937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathy caused by the p.(Arg14del) pathogenic variant of the phospholamban (PLN) gene is characterized by intracardiomyocyte PLN aggregation and can lead to severe dilated cardiomyopathy. We recently reported that pre-emptive depletion of PLN attenuated heart failure (HF) in several cardiomyopathy models. Here, we investigated if administration of a Pln-targeting antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) could halt or reverse disease progression in mice with advanced PLN-R14del cardiomyopathy. To this aim, homozygous PLN-R14del (PLN-R14 Δ/Δ) mice received PLN-ASO injections starting at 5 or 6 weeks of age, in the presence of moderate or severe HF, respectively. Mice were monitored for another 4 months with echocardiographic analyses at several timepoints, after which cardiac tissues were examined for pathological remodeling. We found that vehicle-treated PLN-R14 Δ/Δ mice continued to develop severe HF, and reached a humane endpoint at 8.1 ± 0.5 weeks of age. Both early and late PLN-ASO administration halted further cardiac remodeling and dysfunction shortly after treatment start, resulting in a life span extension to at least 22 weeks of age. Earlier treatment initiation halted disease development sooner, resulting in better heart function and less remodeling at the study endpoint. PLN-ASO treatment almost completely eliminated PLN aggregates, and normalized levels of autophagic proteins. In conclusion, these findings indicate that PLN-ASO therapy may have beneficial outcomes in PLN-R14del cardiomyopathy when administered after disease onset. Although existing tissue damage was not reversed, further cardiomyopathy progression was stopped, and PLN aggregates were resolved.
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26
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de Boer RA, Heymans S, Backs J, Carrier L, Coats AJS, Dimmeler S, Eschenhagen T, Filippatos G, Gepstein L, Hulot JS, Knöll R, Kupatt C, Linke WA, Seidman CE, Tocchetti CG, van der Velden J, Walsh R, Seferovic PM, Thum T. Targeted therapies in genetic dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic targets. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 24:406-420. [PMID: 34969177 PMCID: PMC9305112 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic cardiomyopathies are disorders of the cardiac muscle, most often explained by pathogenic mutations in genes encoding sarcomere, cytoskeleton, or ion channel proteins. Clinical phenotypes such as heart failure and arrhythmia are classically treated with generic drugs, but aetiology‐specific and targeted treatments are lacking. As a result, cardiomyopathies still present a major burden to society, and affect many young and older patients. The Translational Committee of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) and the Working Group of Myocardial Function of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) organized a workshop to discuss recent advances in molecular and physiological studies of various forms of cardiomyopathies. The study of cardiomyopathies has intensified after several new study setups became available, such as induced pluripotent stem cells, three‐dimensional printing of cells, use of scaffolds and engineered heart tissue, with convincing human validation studies. Furthermore, our knowledge on the consequences of mutated proteins has deepened, with relevance for cellular homeostasis, protein quality control and toxicity, often specific to particular cardiomyopathies, with precise effects explaining the aberrations. This has opened up new avenues to treat cardiomyopathies, using contemporary techniques from the molecular toolbox, such as gene editing and repair using CRISPR‐Cas9 techniques, antisense therapies, novel designer drugs, and RNA therapies. In this article, we discuss the connection between biology and diverse clinical presentation, as well as promising new medications and therapeutic avenues, which may be instrumental to come to precision medicine of genetic cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Lior Gepstein
- Department of Cardiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haaliya Street, 31096, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jean-Sebastien Hulot
- Université de Paris, INSERM, PARCC, F-75006, Paris, France.,CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP- HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Ralph Knöll
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (ICMC), Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden.,Bioscience, Cardiovascular, Renal & Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinic rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI); Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET); Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roddy Walsh
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petar M Seferovic
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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27
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Buonaiuto G, Desideri F, Taliani V, Ballarino M. Muscle Regeneration and RNA: New Perspectives for Ancient Molecules. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102512. [PMID: 34685492 PMCID: PMC8533951 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the ribonucleic acid (RNA) to self-replicate, combined with a unique cocktail of chemical properties, suggested the existence of an RNA world at the origin of life. Nowadays, this hypothesis is supported by innovative high-throughput and biochemical approaches, which definitively revealed the essential contribution of RNA-mediated mechanisms to the regulation of fundamental processes of life. With the recent development of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines, the potential of RNA as a therapeutic tool has received public attention. Due to its intrinsic single-stranded nature and the ease with which it is synthesized in vitro, RNA indeed represents the most suitable tool for the development of drugs encompassing every type of human pathology. The maximum effectiveness and biochemical versatility is achieved in the guise of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are emerging as multifaceted regulators of tissue specification and homeostasis. Here, we report examples of coding and ncRNAs involved in muscle regeneration and discuss their potential as therapeutic tools. Small ncRNAs, such as miRNA and siRNA, have been successfully applied in the treatment of several diseases. The use of longer molecules, such as lncRNA and circRNA, is less advanced. However, based on the peculiar properties discussed below, they represent an innovative pool of RNA biomarkers and possible targets of clinical value.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- COVID-19
- Homeostasis
- Humans
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/virology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Origin of Life
- RNA, Circular
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA, Small Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Regeneration
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Buonaiuto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Fabio Desideri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro-Science of Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Taliani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Monica Ballarino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
- Correspondence:
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