1
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Zuo Y, Chen Z, Li Z, Fu E, Xin Y, Chen C, Li C, Zhang S. Unraveling the Dynamic Molecular Motions of a Twin-Cavity Cage with Slow Configurational but Rapid Conformational Interconversions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405858. [PMID: 38604976 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Featuring diverse structural motions/changes, dynamic molecular systems hold promise for executing complex tasks. However, their structural complexity presents formidable challenge in elucidating their kinetics, especially when multiple structural motions are intercorrelated. We herein introduce a twin-cavity cage that features interconvertible C3- and C1-configurations, with each configuration exhibiting interchangeable P- and M-conformations. This molecule is therefore composed of four interconnected chiral species (P)-C3, (M)-C3, (P)-C1, (M)-C1. We showcase an effective approach to decouple these sophisticated structural changes into two kinetically distinct pathways. Utilizing time-dependent 1H NMR spectroscopy at various temperatures, which disregards the transition between mirror-image conformations, we first determine the rate constant (kc) for the C3- to C1-configuration interconversion, while time-dependent circular dichroism spectroscopy at different temperatures quantifies the observed rate constant (kobs) of the ensemble of all the structural changes. As kobs ≫ ${{\rm { \gg }}}$ kc, it allows us to decouple the overall molecular motions into a slow configurational transformation and rapid conformational interconversions, with the latter further dissected into two independent conformational interchanges, namely (P)-C3← → ${ \mathbin{{\stackrel{\textstyle\rightarrow} { {\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}} } }} }$ (M)-C3 and (P)-C1← → ${ \mathbin{{\stackrel{\textstyle\rightarrow} { {\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}} } }} }$ (M)-C1. This work, therefore, sheds light on the comprehensive kinetic study of complex molecular dynamics, offering valuable insights for the rational design of smart dynamic materials for applications of sensing, separation, catalysis, molecular machinery, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziying Li
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Enguang Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghang Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China
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2
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Lei Z, Chen H, Huang S, Wayment LJ, Xu Q, Zhang W. New Advances in Covalent Network Polymers via Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7829-7906. [PMID: 38829268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Covalent network polymers, as materials composed of atoms interconnected by covalent bonds in a continuous network, are known for their thermal and chemical stability. Over the past two decades, these materials have undergone significant transformations, gaining properties such as malleability, environmental responsiveness, recyclability, crystallinity, and customizable porosity, enabled by the development and integration of dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC). In this review, we explore the innovative realm of covalent network polymers by focusing on the recent advances achieved through the application of DCvC. We start by examining the history and fundamental principles of DCvC, detailing its inception and core concepts and noting its key role in reversible covalent bond formation. Then the reprocessability of covalent network polymers enabled by DCvC is thoroughly discussed, starting from the significant milestones that marked the evolution of these polymers and progressing to their current trends and applications. The influence of DCvC on the crystallinity of covalent network polymers is then reviewed, covering their bond diversity, synthesis techniques, and functionalities. In the concluding section, we address the current challenges faced in the field of covalent network polymers and speculates on potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Hongxuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Shaofeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Lacey J Wayment
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Qiucheng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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3
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Wang W, Chen Z, Gao Y, Chen C, Jiao Y, Zhang S. Spheroid models to elaborate the broken symmetry and equivalent volume of molecules in crystalline phase. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:064603. [PMID: 39020901 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.064603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Dense packing of particles has provided powerful models to elaborate the important structural features of matter in various systems such as liquid, glassy, and crystalline phases. The simplest sphere packing models can represent and capture salient properties of the building blocks for covalent, metallic, and ionic crystals; it, however, becomes insufficient to reflect the broken symmetry of the commonly anisotropic molecules in molecular crystals. Here, we develop spheroid models with a minimal degree of anisotropy, which serve as a simple geometrical representation for a rich spectrum of molecules-including both isotropic and anisotropic, convex and concave ones-in crystalline phases. Our models are determined via an inverse packing approach: Given a molecular crystal, an optimal spheroid model is constructed using a contact diagram, which depicts the packing relationship between neighboring molecules within the crystal. The spheroid models are capable of accurately capturing the broken symmetry and characterizing the equivalent volume of molecules in the crystalline phases. Moreover, our model retrieves such molecular information from low-quality x-ray diffraction data with poorly resolved structures, and by using soft spheroids, it can also describe the packing behavior in cocrystals.
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4
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Wang K, Tang X, Anjali BA, Dong J, Jiang J, Liu Y, Cui Y. Chiral Covalent Organic Cages: Structural Isomerism and Enantioselective Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6638-6651. [PMID: 38415351 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic cages are a prominent class of discrete porous architectures; however, their structural isomerism remains relatively unexplored. Here, we demonstrate the structural isomerism of chiral covalent organic cages that renders distinct enantioselective catalytic properties. Imine condensations of tetra-topic 5,10-di(3,5-diformylphenyl)-5,10-dihydrophenazine and ditopic 1,2-cyclohexanediamine produce two chiral [4 + 8] organic cage isomers with totally different topologies and geometries that depend on the orientations of four tetraaldehyde units with respect to each other. One isomer (PN-1) has an unprecedented Johnson-type J26 structure, whereas another (PN-2) adopts a tetragonal prismatic structure. After the reduction of the imine linkages, the cages are transformed into two amine bond-linked isomers PN-1R and PN-2R. After binding to Ni(II) ions, both can serve as efficient catalysts for asymmetric Michael additions, whereas PN-2R affords obviously higher enantioselectivity and reactivity than PN-1R presumably because of its large cavity and open windows that can concentrate reactants for the reactions. Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirm that the enantioselective catalytic performance varies depending on the isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xianhui Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Bai Amutha Anjali
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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5
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Xu Z, Ye Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Jiang S. Design and assembly of porous organic cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2261-2282. [PMID: 38318641 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05091b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) represent a notable category of porous materials, showing remarkable material properties due to their inherent porosity. Unlike extended frameworks which are constructed by strong covalent or coordination bonds, POCs are composed of discrete molecular units held together by weak intermolecular forces. Their structure and chemical traits can be systematically tailored, making them suitable for a range of applications including gas storage and separation, molecular separation and recognition, catalysis, and proton and ion conduction. This review provides a comprehensive overview of POCs, covering their synthesis methods, structure and properties, computational approaches, and applications, serving as a primer for those who are new to the domain. A special emphasis is placed on the growing role of computational methods, highlighting how advanced data-driven techniques and automation are increasingly aiding the rapid exploration and understanding of POCs. We conclude by addressing the prevailing challenges and future prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhao Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Yangzhi Ye
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Yilan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Huiyu Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Shan Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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6
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Wang Z, Zhang QP, Guo F, Ma H, Liang ZH, Yi CH, Zhang C, Chen CF. Self-similar chiral organic molecular cages. Nat Commun 2024; 15:670. [PMID: 38253630 PMCID: PMC10803742 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The endeavor to enhance utility of organic molecular cages involves the evolution of them into higher-level chiral superstructures with self-similar, presenting a meaningful yet challenging. In this work, 2D tri-bladed propeller-shaped triphenylbenzene serves as building blocks to synthesize a racemic 3D tri-bladed propeller-shaped helical molecular cage. This cage, in turn, acts as a building block for a pair of higher-level 3D tri-bladed chiral helical molecular cages, featuring multilayer sandwich structures and displaying elegant characteristics with self-similarity in discrete superstructures at different levels. The evolutionary procession of higher-level cages reveals intramolecular self-shielding effects and exclusive chiral narcissistic self-sorting behaviors. Enantiomers higher-level cages can be interconverted by introducing an excess of corresponding chiral cyclohexanediamine. In the solid state, higher-level cages self-assemble into supramolecular architectures of L-helical or D-helical nanofibers, achieving the scale transformation of chiral characteristics from chiral atoms to microscopic and then to mesoscopic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Yarn and Fabric Formation and Clean Production, Technology Institute, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China.
| | - Qing-Pu Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fei Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Yarn and Fabric Formation and Clean Production, Technology Institute, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China
| | - Hui Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zi-Hui Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Yarn and Fabric Formation and Clean Production, Technology Institute, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China
| | - Chang-Hai Yi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Yarn and Fabric Formation and Clean Production, Technology Institute, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430200, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Chuan-Feng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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7
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Yang Z, Nandi R, Orieshyna A, Gershoni-Poranne R, Zhang S, Amdursky N. Light-Triggered Enhancement of Fluorescence Efficiency in Organic Cages. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:136-141. [PMID: 38147826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence efficiency of excited molecules can be enhanced by many external factors. Here, we showcase a surprising phenomenon whereby light is used as a gating source to increase the fluorescence efficiency of organic cages composed of biphenyl subunits. We show that the enhancement of fluorescence is not due to structural changes or ground-state events. Cryo-fluorescence measurements and kinetic studies suggest a restriction of the phenyl-based structures in the excited state, leading to increased fluorescence, which is also supported by time-resolved measurements. Through computational calculations, we propose that the planarization of the biphenyl units within the cages contributes to emission enhancement. This phenomenon offers insights into the design of optoelectronic structures with improved fluorescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200400, China
| | - Ramesh Nandi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Anna Orieshyna
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Renana Gershoni-Poranne
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200400, China
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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8
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Yan M, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhou J. Potential of nonporous adaptive crystals for hydrocarbon separation. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6075-6119. [PMID: 37539712 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00856d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon separation is an important process in the field of petrochemical industry, which provides a variety of raw materials for industrial production and a strong support for the development of national economy. However, traditional separation processes involve huge energy consumption. Adsorptive separation based on nonporous adaptive crystal (NAC) materials is considered as an attractive green alternative to traditional energy-intensive separation technologies due to its advantages of low energy consumption, high chemical and thermal stability, excellent selective adsorption and separation performance, and outstanding recyclability. Considering the exceptional potential of NAC materials for hydrocarbon separation, this review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in various supramolecular host-based NACs. Moreover, the current challenges and future directions are illustrated in detail. It is expected that this review will provide useful and timely references for researchers in this area. Based on a large number of state-of-the-art studies, the review will definitely advance the development of NAC materials for hydrocarbon separation and stimulate more interesting studies in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
| | - Jiong Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, P. R. China.
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9
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Yan S, Feng G, Geng J, Feng F, Ma H, Huang W. Tunable Construction of Sandwich-Type Double-[1 + 1] and Half-Folded [2 + 2] Schiff-Base Complexes Controlled by the Combination of Primary and Secondary Template Effects. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20994-21003. [PMID: 36495277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The first-row transition-metal ions Mn2+-Cu2+ could serve as effective templates to construct three types of double-[1 + 1], [2 + 2], and [1 + 1] Schiff-base dinuclear macrocyclic complexes in the presence of dialdehydes with different pendant arms and a common 1,8-diamine. The extremely flexible nature of macrocyclic ligands allows for the multiple template-directed syntheses, but the final products could be finely tuned by the subtle variations of Mn2+-Cu2+ ions in a 3d-electronic configuration, radius, and coordination number/geometry as well as the auxiliary (pendant-armed and anionic) template effect at the same time. Two borderlines are observed at the Co2+ ion for forming double-[1 + 1] and [2 + 2] metallacycles involving the H2pdd precursor and the [1 + 1] Cu2+ complex for double-[1 + 1] and [2 + 2] macrocycles containing the H2hpdd unit, respectively. The structural diversity is originated from the non-perfect match between [1 + 1]/[2 + 2] Schiff-base macrocycles and dinuclear metal centers; hence, a compromise between the metal coordination modes and alterations of the ligand conformation takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqiong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Genfeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Fanda Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
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10
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Shi B, Pang X, Li S, Wu H, Shen J, Wang X, Fan C, Cao L, Zhu T, Qiu M, Yin Z, Kong Y, Liu Y, Zhang M, Liu Y, Pan F, Jiang Z. Short hydrogen-bond network confined on COF surfaces enables ultrahigh proton conductivity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6666. [PMID: 36335107 PMCID: PMC9637196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea of spatial confinement has gained widespread interest in myriad applications. Especially, the confined short hydrogen-bond (SHB) network could afford an attractive opportunity to enable proton transfer in a nearly barrierless manner, but its practical implementation has been challenging. Herein, we report a SHB network confined on the surface of ionic covalent organic framework (COF) membranes decorated by densely and uniformly distributed hydrophilic ligands. Combined experimental and theoretical evidences have pointed to the confinement of water molecules allocated to each ligand, achieving the local enrichment of hydronium ions and the concomitant formation of SHBs in water-hydronium domains. These overlapped water-hydronium domains create an interconnected SHB network, which yields an unprecedented ultrahigh proton conductivity of 1389 mS cm−1 at 90 °C, 100% relative humidity. When hydronium ions are enriched in confined water, short hydrogen bonds (SHBs) form due to the constrained space of excess protons between pairs of water molecules. Here authors demonstrate a SHB network confined on the surface of ionic COF membranes with tunable -SO3H groups, with proton conductivity of 1389 mS cm-1 at 90 oC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benbing Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Pang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunning Li
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyang Fan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianhao Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuoyu Yin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiqin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzheng Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China. .,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, 300192, Tianjin, China. .,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, 350207, Fuzhou, China. .,Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, 315201, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Chen J, Yang Z, Zhu G, Fu E, Li P, Chen F, Yu C, Wang S, Zhang S. Heterochiral Diastereomer-Discriminative Diphanes That Form Hierarchical Superstructures with Nonlinear Optical Properties. JACS AU 2022; 2:1661-1668. [PMID: 35911451 PMCID: PMC9327085 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the emergence of homochirality during complex molecular systems, most works mainly concentrated on the resolution of a pair of enantiomers. However, the preference of homochiral over heterochiral isomers has been overlooked, with very limited examples focusing only on noncovalent interactions. We herein report on diastereomeric discrimination of twin-cavity cages (denoted as diphanes) against heterochiral tris-(2-aminopropyl)amine (TRPN) bearing triple stereocenters. This diastereomeric selectivity results from distinct spatial orientation of reactive secondary amines on TRPN. Homochiral TRPNs with all reactive moieties rotating in the same way facilitate the formation of homochiral and achiral meso diphanes with low strain energy, while heterochiral TRPNs with uneven orientation of secondary amines preclude the formation of cage-like entity, since the virtual diphanes exhibit considerably high strain. Moreover, homochiral diphanes self-assemble into an acentric superstructure composed of single-handed helices, which exhibits interesting nonlinear optical behavior. Such a property is a unique occurrence for organic cages, which thus showcases their potential to spawn novel materials with interesting properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolong Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gucheng Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry
of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,
School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Enguang Fu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pan Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry
of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,
School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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12
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Xie H, Finnegan TJ, Liyana Gunawardana VW, Xie W, Moore CE, Badjić JD. A double-decker cage for allosteric encapsulation of ATP. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5992-5995. [PMID: 35485326 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00927g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the preparation of double-decker cage [1-H6]6+ comprising two binding pockets, each with three ammonium and three amide hydrogen bonding sites. This novel host possesses a high affinity for trapping two molecules of ATP in an allosteric fashion, with both experiments and theory suggesting the synergistic action of charged hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking in the encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Tyler J Finnegan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | | | - William Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jovica D Badjić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA.
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13
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Yang Z, Zhang N, Lei L, Yu C, Ding J, Li P, Chen J, Li M, Ling S, Zhuang X, Zhang S. Supramolecular Proton Conductors Self-Assembled by Organic Cages. JACS AU 2022; 2:819-826. [PMID: 35557762 PMCID: PMC9089675 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Proton conduction is vital for living systems to execute various physiological activities. The understanding of its mechanism is also essential for the development of state-of-the-art applications, including fuel-cell technology. We herein present a bottom-up strategy, that is, the self-assembly of Cage-1 and -2 with an identical chemical composition but distinct structural features to provide two different supramolecular conductors that are ideal for the mechanistic study. Cage-1 with a larger cavity size and more H-bonding anchors self-assembled into a crystalline phase with more proton hopping pathways formed by H-bonding networks, where the proton conduction proceeded via the Grotthuss mechanism. Small cavity-sized Cage-2 with less H-bonding anchors formed the crystalline phase with loose channels filled with discrete H-bonding clusters, therefore allowing for the translational diffusion of protons, that is, vehicle mechanism. As a result, the former exhibited a proton conductivity of 1.59 × 10-4 S/cm at 303 K under a relative humidity of 48%, approximately 200-fold higher compared to that of the latter. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations revealed distinct H-bonding dynamics in Cage-1 and -2, which provided further insights into potential proton diffusion mechanisms. This work therefore provides valuable guidelines for the rational design and search of novel proton-conducting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Yang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ningjin Zhang
- Instrumental
Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Advanced
Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junjie Ding
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pan Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiaolong Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ming Li
- Advanced
Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Advanced
Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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14
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Liu C, Yang W, Wang C, Liu K, Jiang J. Photophysical Behaviors of Shape-persistent Zinc Porphyrin Organic Cage. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00734g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A pair chiral metallic porphyrin cages, (R)/(S)-PTC-1(Zn), have been afforded by pure chiral cyclohexanediamine reacting with zinc 5,15-di[3',5'-diformyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)]porphyrin. Both their chiral tubular structures have been demonstrated with single crystal diffraction...
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15
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Hu D, Zhang J, Liu M. Recent advances in the applications of porous organic cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11333-11346. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03692d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) have emerged as a new sub-class of porous materials that stand out by virtue of their tunability, modularity, and processibility. Similar to other porous materials such...
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