1
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Wietek J, Nozownik A, Pulin M, Saraf-Sinik I, Matosevich N, Gowrishankar R, Gat A, Malan D, Brown BJ, Dine J, Imambocus BN, Levy R, Sauter K, Litvin A, Regev N, Subramaniam S, Abrera K, Summarli D, Goren EM, Mizrachi G, Bitton E, Benjamin A, Copits BA, Sasse P, Rost BR, Schmitz D, Bruchas MR, Soba P, Oren-Suissa M, Nir Y, Wiegert JS, Yizhar O. A bistable inhibitory optoGPCR for multiplexed optogenetic control of neural circuits. Nat Methods 2024; 21:1275-1287. [PMID: 38811857 PMCID: PMC11239505 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Information is transmitted between brain regions through the release of neurotransmitters from long-range projecting axons. Understanding how the activity of such long-range connections contributes to behavior requires efficient methods for reversibly manipulating their function. Chemogenetic and optogenetic tools, acting through endogenous G-protein-coupled receptor pathways, can be used to modulate synaptic transmission, but existing tools are limited in sensitivity, spatiotemporal precision or spectral multiplexing capabilities. Here we systematically evaluated multiple bistable opsins for optogenetic applications and found that the Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) is an efficient, versatile, light-activated bistable G-protein-coupled receptor that can suppress synaptic transmission in mammalian neurons with high temporal precision in vivo. PdCO has useful biophysical properties that enable spectral multiplexing with other optogenetic actuators and reporters. We demonstrate that PdCO can be used to conduct reversible loss-of-function experiments in long-range projections of behaving animals, thereby enabling detailed synapse-specific functional circuit mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wietek
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Adrianna Nozownik
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Pulin
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Inbar Saraf-Sinik
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raajaram Gowrishankar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Excellence in the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asaf Gat
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniela Malan
- Institut für Physiologie I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bobbie J Brown
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julien Dine
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; CNS Diseases, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - Rivka Levy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Anna Litvin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Regev
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suraj Subramaniam
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Khalid Abrera
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dustin Summarli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eva Madeline Goren
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gili Mizrachi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Bitton
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaf Benjamin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bryan A Copits
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institut für Physiologie I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Rost
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Excellence in the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter Soba
- LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meital Oren-Suissa
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuval Nir
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Simon Wiegert
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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2
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Sato K, Ohuchi H. Molecular Property, Manipulation, and Potential Use of Opn5 and Its Homologs. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168319. [PMID: 37865286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Animal opsin is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and binds retinal as a chromophore to form a photopigment. The Opsin 5 (Opn5) group within the animal opsin family comprises a diverse array of related proteins, such as Opn5m, a protein conserved across all vertebrate lineages including mammals, and other members like Opn5L1 and Opn5L2 found in non-mammalian vertebrate genomes, and Opn6 found in non-therian vertebrate genomes, along with Opn5 homologs present in invertebrates. Although these proteins collectively constitute a single clade within the molecular phylogenetic tree of animal opsins, they exhibit markedly distinct molecular characteristics in areas such as retinal binding properties, photoreaction, and G-protein coupling specificity. Based on their molecular features, they are believed to play a significant role in physiological functions. However, our understanding of their precise physiological functions and molecular characteristics is still developing and only partially realized. Furthermore, their unique molecular characteristics of Opn5-related proteins suggest a high potential for their use as optogenetic tools through more specialized manipulations. This review intends to encapsulate our current understanding of Opn5, discuss potential manipulations of its molecular attributes, and delve into its prospective utility in the burgeoning field of animal opsin optogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sato
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama City, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Hideyo Ohuchi
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama City, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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3
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Rodgers J, Wright P, Ballister ER, Hughes RB, Storchi R, Wynne J, Martial FP, Lucas RJ. Modulating signalling lifetime to optimise a prototypical animal opsin for optogenetic applications. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1387-1407. [PMID: 38036775 PMCID: PMC10730688 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Animal opsins are light activated G-protein-coupled receptors, capable of optogenetic control of G-protein signalling for research or therapeutic applications. Animal opsins offer excellent photosensitivity, but their temporal resolution can be limited by long photoresponse duration when expressed outside their native cellular environment. Here, we explore methods for addressing this limitation for a prototypical animal opsin (human rod opsin) in HEK293T cells. We find that the application of the canonical rhodopsin kinase (GRK1)/visual arrestin signal termination mechanism to this problem is complicated by a generalised suppressive effect of GRK1 expression. This attenuation can be overcome using phosphorylation-independent mutants of arrestin, especially when these are tethered to the opsin protein. We further show that point mutations targeting the Schiff base stability of the opsin can also reduce signalling lifetime. Finally, we apply one such mutation (E122Q) to improve the temporal fidelity of restored visual responses following ectopic opsin expression in the inner retina of a mouse model of retinal degeneration (rd1). Our results reveal that these two strategies (targeting either arrestin binding or Schiff-base hydrolysis) can produce more time-delimited opsin signalling under heterologous expression and establish the potential of this approach to improve optogenetic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodgers
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Phillip Wright
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Edward R Ballister
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, 10032, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca B Hughes
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Riccardo Storchi
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jonathan Wynne
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Franck P Martial
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Robert J Lucas
- Centre for Biological Timing, Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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4
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Leemann S, Schneider-Warme F, Kleinlogel S. Cardiac optogenetics: shining light on signaling pathways. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1421-1437. [PMID: 38097805 PMCID: PMC10730638 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In the early 2000s, the field of neuroscience experienced a groundbreaking transformation with the advent of optogenetics. This innovative technique harnesses the properties of naturally occurring and genetically engineered rhodopsins to confer light sensitivity upon target cells. The remarkable spatiotemporal precision offered by optogenetics has provided researchers with unprecedented opportunities to dissect cellular physiology, leading to an entirely new level of investigation. Initially revolutionizing neuroscience, optogenetics quickly piqued the interest of the wider scientific community, and optogenetic applications were expanded to cardiovascular research. Over the past decade, researchers have employed various optical tools to observe, regulate, and steer the membrane potential of excitable cells in the heart. Despite these advancements, achieving control over specific signaling pathways within the heart has remained an elusive goal. Here, we review the optogenetic tools suitable to control cardiac signaling pathways with a focus on GPCR signaling, and delineate potential applications for studying these pathways, both in healthy and diseased hearts. By shedding light on these exciting developments, we hope to contribute to the ongoing progress in basic cardiac research to facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic possibilities for treating cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Leemann
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kleinlogel
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Translational Medicine Neuroscience, Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Andrabi M, Upton BA, Lang RA, Vemaraju S. An Expanding Role for Nonvisual Opsins in Extraocular Light Sensing Physiology. Annu Rev Vis Sci 2023; 9:245-267. [PMID: 37196422 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-vision-100820-094018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We live on a planet that is bathed in daily and seasonal sunlight cycles. In this context, terrestrial life forms have evolved mechanisms that directly harness light energy (plants) or decode light information for adaptive advantage. In animals, the main light sensors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors called opsins. Opsin function is best described for the visual sense. However, most animals also use opsins for extraocular light sensing for seasonal behavior and camouflage. While it has long been believed that mammals do not have an extraocular light sensing capacity, recent evidence suggests otherwise. Notably, encephalopsin (OPN3) and neuropsin (OPN5) are both known to mediate extraocular light sensing in mice. Examples of this mediation include photoentrainment of circadian clocks in skin (by OPN5) and acute light-dependent regulation of metabolic pathways (by OPN3 and OPN5). This review summarizes current findings in the expanding field of extraocular photoreception and their relevance for human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutahar Andrabi
- The Visual Systems Group, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; ,
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian A Upton
- The Visual Systems Group, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; ,
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard A Lang
- The Visual Systems Group, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; ,
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Shruti Vemaraju
- The Visual Systems Group, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; ,
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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6
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Gellhaus B, Böker KO, Gsaenger M, Rodenwaldt E, Hüser MA, Schilling AF, Saul D. Foxo3 Knockdown Mediates Decline of Myod1 and Myog Reducing Myoblast Conversion to Myotubes. Cells 2023; 12:2167. [PMID: 37681900 PMCID: PMC10486649 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia has a high prevalence among the aging population. Sarcopenia is of tremendous socioeconomic importance because it can lead to falls and hospitalization, subsequently increasing healthcare costs while limiting quality of life. In sarcopenic muscle fibers, the E3 ubiquitin ligase F-Box Protein 32 (Fbxo32) is expressed at substantially higher levels, driving ubiquitin-proteasomal muscle protein degradation. As one of the key regulators of muscular equilibrium, the transcription factor Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3) can increase the expression of Fbxo32, making it a possible target for the regulation of this detrimental pathway. To test this hypothesis, murine C2C12 myoblasts were transduced with AAVs carrying a plasmid for four specific siRNAs against Foxo3. Successfully transduced myoblasts were selected via FACS cell sorting to establish single clone cell lines. Sorted myoblasts were further differentiated into myotubes and stained for myosin heavy chain (MHC) by immunofluorescence. The resulting area was calculated. Myotube contractions were induced by electrical stimulation and quantified. We found an increased Foxo3 expression in satellite cells in human skeletal muscle and an age-related increase in Foxo3 expression in older mice in silico. We established an in vitro AAV-mediated FOXO3 knockdown on protein level. Surprisingly, the myotubes with FOXO3 knockdown displayed a smaller myotube size and a lower number of nuclei per myotube compared to the control myotubes (AAV-transduced with a functionless control plasmid). During differentiation, a lower level of FOXO3 reduced the expression Fbxo32 within the first three days. Moreover, the expression of Myod1 and Myog via ATM and Tp53 was reduced. Functionally, the Foxo3 knockdown myotubes showed a higher contraction duration and time to peak. Early Foxo3 knockdown seems to terminate the initiation of differentiation due to lack of Myod1 expression, and mediates the inhibition of Myog. Subsequently, the myotube size is reduced and the excitability to electrical stimulation is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gellhaus
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany; (B.G.); (K.O.B.); (E.R.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Kai O. Böker
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany; (B.G.); (K.O.B.); (E.R.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Marlene Gsaenger
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany; (B.G.); (K.O.B.); (E.R.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Eyck Rodenwaldt
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany; (B.G.); (K.O.B.); (E.R.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Marc A. Hüser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Arndt F. Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany; (B.G.); (K.O.B.); (E.R.); (A.F.S.)
| | - Dominik Saul
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37099 Göttingen, Germany; (B.G.); (K.O.B.); (E.R.); (A.F.S.)
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Kogod Center on Aging and Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Hagio H, Koyama W, Hosaka S, Song AD, Narantsatsral J, Matsuda K, Sugihara T, Shimizu T, Koyanagi M, Terakita A, Hibi M. Optogenetic manipulation of Gq- and Gi/o-coupled receptor signaling in neurons and heart muscle cells. eLife 2023; 12:e83974. [PMID: 37589544 PMCID: PMC10435233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transmit signals into cells depending on the G protein type. To analyze the functions of GPCR signaling, we assessed the effectiveness of animal G-protein-coupled bistable rhodopsins that can be controlled into active and inactive states by light application using zebrafish. We expressed Gq- and Gi/o-coupled bistable rhodopsins in hindbrain reticulospinal V2a neurons, which are involved in locomotion, or in cardiomyocytes. Light stimulation of the reticulospinal V2a neurons expressing Gq-coupled spider Rh1 resulted in an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ level and evoked swimming behavior. Light stimulation of cardiomyocytes expressing the Gi/o-coupled mosquito Opn3, pufferfish TMT opsin, or lamprey parapinopsin induced cardiac arrest, and the effect was suppressed by treatment with pertussis toxin or barium, suggesting that Gi/o-dependent regulation of inward-rectifier K+ channels controls cardiac function. These data indicate that these rhodopsins are useful for optogenetic control of GPCR-mediated signaling in zebrafish neurons and cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Hagio
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Wataru Koyama
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Shiori Hosaka
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | - Koji Matsuda
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | | | - Akihisa Terakita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Masahiko Hibi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
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8
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Sato K, Yamashita T, Ohuchi H. Mammalian type opsin 5 preferentially activates G14 in Gq-type G proteins triggering intracellular calcium response. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105020. [PMID: 37423300 PMCID: PMC10432815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian type opsin 5 (Opn5m), a UV-sensitive G protein-coupled receptor opsin highly conserved in vertebrates, would provide a common basis for UV sensing from lamprey to humans. However, G protein coupled with Opn5m remains controversial due to variations in assay conditions and the origin of Opn5m across different reports. Here, we examined Opn5m from diverse species using an aequorin luminescence assay and Gα-KO cell line. Beyond the commonly studied major Gα classes, Gαq, Gα11, Gα14, and Gα15 in the Gq class were individually investigated in this study, as they can drive distinct signaling pathways in addition to a canonical calcium response. UV light triggered a calcium response via all the tested Opn5m proteins in 293T cells, which was abolished by Gq-type Gα deletion and rescued by cotransfection with mouse and medaka Gq-type Gα proteins. Opn5m preferentially activated Gα14 and close relatives. Mutational analysis implicated specific regions, including α3-β5 and αG-α4 loops, αG and α4 helices, and the extreme C terminus, in the preferential activation of Gα14 by Opn5m. FISH revealed co-expression of genes encoding Opn5m and Gα14 in the scleral cartilage of medaka and chicken eyes, supporting their physiological coupling. This suggests that the preferential activation of Gα14 by Opn5m is relevant for UV sensing in specific cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sato
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Yamashita
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyo Ohuchi
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan.
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9
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Wietek J, Nozownik A, Pulin M, Saraf-Sinik I, Matosevich N, Malan D, Brown BJ, Dine J, Levy R, Litvin A, Regev N, Subramaniam S, Bitton E, Benjamin A, Copits BA, Sasse P, Rost BR, Schmitz D, Soba P, Nir Y, Wiegert JS, Yizhar O. A bistable inhibitory OptoGPCR for multiplexed optogenetic control of neural circuits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.01.547328. [PMID: 37425961 PMCID: PMC10327178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.01.547328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Information is transmitted between brain regions through the release of neurotransmitters from long-range projecting axons. Understanding how the activity of such long-range connections contributes to behavior requires efficient methods for reversibly manipulating their function. Chemogenetic and optogenetic tools, acting through endogenous G-protein coupled receptor (GPCRs) pathways, can be used to modulate synaptic transmission, but existing tools are limited in sensitivity, spatiotemporal precision, or spectral multiplexing capabilities. Here we systematically evaluated multiple bistable opsins for optogenetic applications and found that the Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) is an efficient, versatile, light-activated bistable GPCR that can suppress synaptic transmission in mammalian neurons with high temporal precision in-vivo. PdCO has superior biophysical properties that enable spectral multiplexing with other optogenetic actuators and reporters. We demonstrate that PdCO can be used to conduct reversible loss-of-function experiments in long-range projections of behaving animals, thereby enabling detailed synapse-specific functional circuit mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wietek
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adrianna Nozownik
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Present address: Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Pulin
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Present address: Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Inbar Saraf-Sinik
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Sagol school of neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniela Malan
- Institut für Physiologie I, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bobbie J. Brown
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julien Dine
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Present address: Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; CNS Diseases, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Rivka Levy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anna Litvin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Regev
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suraj Subramaniam
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Bitton
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaf Benjamin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bryan A. Copits
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institut für Physiologie I, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin R. Rost
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Soba
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuval Nir
- Sagol school of neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J. Simon Wiegert
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Present address: MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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10
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Xia AY, Zhu H, Zhao ZJ, Liu HY, Wang PH, Ji LD, Xu J. Molecular Mechanisms of the Melatonin Receptor Pathway Linking Circadian Rhythm to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061406. [PMID: 36986139 PMCID: PMC10052080 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Night-shift work and sleep disorders are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and circadian rhythm disruption is intrinsically involved. Studies have identified several signaling pathways that separately link two melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) to insulin secretion and T2DM occurrence, but a comprehensive explanation of the molecular mechanism to elucidate the association between these receptors to T2DM, reasonably and precisely, has been lacking. This review thoroughly explicates the signaling system, which consists of four important pathways, linking melatonin receptors MT1 or MT2 to insulin secretion. Then, the association of the circadian rhythm with MTNR1B transcription is extensively expounded. Finally, a concrete molecular and evolutionary mechanism underlying the macroscopic association between the circadian rhythm and T2DM is established. This review provides new insights into the pathology, treatment, and prevention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Yu Xia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhi-Jia Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hong-Yi Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Peng-Hao Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lin-Dan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (L.-D.J.); (J.X.)
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (L.-D.J.); (J.X.)
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11
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Mason BM, Koyanagi M, Sugihara T, Iwasaki M, Slepak V, Miller DJ, Sakai Y, Terakita A. Multiple opsins in a reef-building coral, Acropora millepora. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1628. [PMID: 36710295 PMCID: PMC9884665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Opsins, light-sensitive G protein-coupled receptors, have been identified in corals but their properties are largely unknown. Here, we identified six opsin genes (acropsins 1-6) from a coral species Acropora millepora, including three novel opsins (acropsins 4-6), and successfully characterized the properties of four out of the six acropsins. Acropsins 1 and 6 exhibited light-dependent cAMP increases in cultured cells, suggesting that the acropsins could light-dependently activate Gs-type G protein like the box jellyfish opsin from the same opsin group. Spectral sensitivity curves having the maximum sensitivities at ~ 472 nm and ~ 476 nm were estimated for acropsins 1 and 6, respectively, based on the light wavelength-dependent cAMP increases in these opsins-expressing cells (heterologous action spectroscopy). Acropsin 2 belonging to the same group as acropsins 1 and 6 did not induce light-dependent cAMP or Ca2+ changes. We then successfully estimated the acropsin 2 spectral sensitivity curve having its maximum value at ~ 471 nm with its chimera mutant which possessed the third cytoplasmic loop of the Gs-coupled jellyfish opsin. Acropsin 4 categorized as another group light-dependently induced intracellular Ca2+ increases but not cAMP changes. Our results uncovered that the Acropora coral possesses multiple opsins coupling two distinct cascades, cyclic nucleotide and Ca2+signaling light-dependently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Mason
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.,Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Mitsumasa Koyanagi
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sugihara
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.,Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Iwasaki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Vladlen Slepak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David J Miller
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Akihisa Terakita
- Department of Biology and Geosciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan. .,The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan. .,Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-Ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
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12
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Gaitonde KD, Andrabi M, Burger CA, D'Souza SP, Vemaraju S, Koritala BSC, Smith DF, Lang RA. Diurnal regulation of metabolism by Gs-alpha in hypothalamic QPLOT neurons. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284824. [PMID: 37141220 PMCID: PMC10159165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons in the hypothalamic preoptic area (POA) regulate multiple homeostatic processes, including thermoregulation and sleep, by sensing afferent input and modulating sympathetic nervous system output. The POA has an autonomous circadian clock and may also receive circadian signals indirectly from the suprachiasmatic nucleus. We have previously defined a subset of neurons in the POA termed QPLOT neurons that are identified by the expression of molecular markers (Qrfp, Ptger3, LepR, Opn5, Tacr3) that suggest receptivity to multiple stimuli. Because Ptger3, Opn5, and Tacr3 encode G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), we hypothesized that elucidating the G-protein signaling in these neurons is essential to understanding the interplay of inputs in the regulation of metabolism. Here, we describe how the stimulatory Gs-alpha subunit (Gnas) in QPLOT neurons regulates metabolism in mice. We analyzed Opn5cre; Gnasfl/fl mice using indirect calorimetry at ambient temperatures of 22°C (a historical standard), 10°C (a cold challenge), and 28°C (thermoneutrality) to assess the ability of QPLOT neurons to regulate metabolism. We observed a marked decrease in nocturnal locomotion of Opn5cre; Gnasfl/fl mice at both 28°C and 22°C, but no overall differences in energy expenditure, respiratory exchange, or food and water consumption. To analyze daily rhythmic patterns of metabolism, we assessed circadian parameters including amplitude, phase, and MESOR. Loss-of-function GNAS in QPLOT neurons resulted in several subtle rhythmic changes in multiple metabolic parameters. We observed that Opn5cre; Gnasfl/fl mice show a higher rhythm-adjusted mean energy expenditure at 22°C and 10°C, and an exaggerated respiratory exchange shift with temperature. At 28°C, Opn5cre; Gnasfl/fl mice have a significant delay in the phase of energy expenditure and respiratory exchange. Rhythmic analysis also showed limited increases in rhythm-adjusted means of food and water intake at 22°C and 28°C. Together, these data advance our understanding of Gαs-signaling in preoptic QPLOT neurons in regulating daily patterns of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Gaitonde
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Visual Systems Group, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Molecular & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Mutahar Andrabi
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Visual Systems Group, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Courtney A Burger
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Visual Systems Group, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Shane P D'Souza
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Visual Systems Group, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Molecular & Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Shruti Vemaraju
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Visual Systems Group, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Bala S C Koritala
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - David F Smith
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- The Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Richard A Lang
- Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Visual Systems Group, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Science of Light Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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13
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Surdin T, Preissing B, Rohr L, Grömmke M, Böke H, Barcik M, Azimi Z, Jancke D, Herlitze S, Mark MD, Siveke I. Optogenetic activation of mGluR1 signaling in the cerebellum induces synaptic plasticity. iScience 2022; 26:105828. [PMID: 36632066 PMCID: PMC9826949 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal plasticity underlying cerebellar learning behavior is strongly associated with type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) signaling. Activation of mGluR1 leads to activation of the Gq/11 pathway, which is involved in inducing synaptic plasticity at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse (PF-PC) in form of long-term depression (LTD). To optogenetically modulate mGluR1 signaling we fused mouse melanopsin (OPN4) that activates the Gq/11 pathway to the C-termini of mGluR1 splice variants (OPN4-mGluR1a and OPN4-mGluR1b). Activation of both OPN4-mGluR1 variants showed robust Ca2+ increase in HEK cells and PCs of cerebellar slices. We provide the prove-of-concept approach to modulate synaptic plasticity via optogenetic activation of OPN4-mGluR1a inducing LTD at the PF-PC synapse in vitro. Moreover, we demonstrate that light activation of mGluR1a signaling pathway by OPN4-mGluR1a in PCs leads to an increase in intrinsic activity of PCs in vivo and improved cerebellum driven learning behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Surdin
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bianca Preissing
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennard Rohr
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michelle Grömmke
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hanna Böke
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maike Barcik
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Zohre Azimi
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Jancke
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Herlitze
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany,Corresponding author
| | - Melanie D. Mark
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ida Siveke
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany,Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany,Corresponding author
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14
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Optogenetic interrogation of cell signalling: human neuropsin (hOPN5) represents a potent tool for controlling the Gq pathway with light. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:1217-1219. [PMID: 36319864 PMCID: PMC9663387 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02765-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Ren J, Xue T, Wang L. Shining more light on G protein signalling modules: a novel optogenetic tool for Gq activation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2567-2568. [PMID: 35831552 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Division of Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB20QH, United Kingdom.
| | - Tian Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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16
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Bruegmann T, Smith GL, Lehnart SE. Editorial: Cardiac optogenetics: Using light to observe and excite the heart. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1031062. [PMID: 36304575 PMCID: PMC9593031 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1031062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bruegmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells“ (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tobias Bruegmann,
| | - Godfrey L. Smith
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan E. Lehnart
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells“ (MBExC), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center SFB1190 “Compartmental Gates and Contact Sites in Cells“, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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17
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Emerging molecular technologies for light-mediated modulation of pancreatic beta-cell function. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101552. [PMID: 35863638 PMCID: PMC9352964 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Optogenetic modalities as well as optochemical and photopharmacological strategies, collectively termed optical methods, have revolutionized the control of cellular functions via light with great spatiotemporal precision. In comparison to the major advances in the photomodulation of signaling activities noted in neuroscience, similar applications to endocrine cells of the pancreas, particularly insulin-producing β-cells, have been limited. The availability of tools allowing light-mediated changes in the trafficking of ions such as K+ and Ca2+ and signaling intermediates such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), renders β-cells and their glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) amenable to optoengineering for drug-free control of blood sugar. Scope of review The molecular circuit of the GSIS in β-cells is described with emphasis on intermediates which are targetable for optical intervention. Various pharmacological agents modifying the release of insulin are reviewed along with their documented side effects. These are contrasted with optical approaches, which have already been employed for engineering β-cell function or are considered for future such applications. Principal obstacles are also discussed as the implementation of optogenetics is pondered for tissue engineering and biology applications of the pancreas. Major Conclusions Notable advances in optogenetic, optochemical and photopharmacological tools are rendering feasible the smart engineering of pancreatic cells and tissues with light-regulated function paving the way for novel solutions for addressing pancreatic pathologies including diabetes.
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18
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Dai R, Yu T, Weng D, Li H, Cui Y, Wu Z, Guo Q, Zou H, Wu W, Gao X, Qi Z, Ren Y, Wang S, Li Y, Luo M. A neuropsin-based optogenetic tool for precise control of G q signaling. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1271-1284. [PMID: 35579776 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gq-coupled receptors regulate numerous physiological processes by activating enzymes and inducing intracellular Ca2+ signals. There is a strong need for an optogenetic tool that enables powerful experimental control over Gq signaling. Here, we present chicken opsin 5 (cOpn5) as the long sought-after, single-component optogenetic tool that mediates ultra-sensitive optical control of intracellular Gq signaling with high temporal and spatial resolution. Expressing cOpn5 in HEK 293T cells and primary mouse astrocytes enables blue light-triggered, Gq-dependent Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and protein kinase C activation. Strong Ca2+ transients were evoked by brief light pulses of merely 10 ms duration and at 3 orders lower light intensity of that for common optogenetic tools. Photostimulation of cOpn5-expressing cells at the subcellular and single-cell levels generated fast intracellular Ca2+ transition, thus demonstrating the high spatial precision of cOpn5 optogenetics. The cOpn5-mediated optogenetics could also be applied to activate neurons and control animal behavior in a circuit-dependent manner. cOpn5 optogenetics may find broad applications in studying the mechanisms and functional relevance of Gq signaling in both non-excitable cells and excitable cells in all major organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Dai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, NIBS, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, NIBS, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Danwei Weng
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Heng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qingchun Guo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Haiyue Zou
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-NIBS Joint Graduate Program, NIBS, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xinwei Gao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhongyang Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuqi Ren
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, 100871, China
- PKU-McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, 102206, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Beijing, 102206, China.
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19
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Drumm BT, Cobine CA, Baker SA. Insights on gastrointestinal motility through the use of optogenetic sensors and actuators. J Physiol 2022; 600:3031-3052. [PMID: 35596741 DOI: 10.1113/jp281930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscularis of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract consists of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and various populations of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α+ (PDGFRα+ ) cells, as well as excitatory and inhibitory enteric motor nerves. SMCs, ICC and PDGFRα+ cells form an electrically coupled syncytium, which together with inputs from the enteric nervous system (ENS) regulate GI motility. Early studies evaluating Ca2+ signalling behaviours in the GI tract relied upon indiscriminate loading of tissues with Ca2+ dyes. These methods lacked the means to study activity in specific cells of interest without encountering contamination from other cells within the preparation. Development of mice expressing optogenetic sensors (GCaMP, RCaMP) has allowed visualization of Ca2+ signalling behaviours in a cell specific manner. Additionally, availability of mice expressing optogenetic modulators (channelrhodopsins or halorhodospins) has allowed manipulation of specific signalling pathways using light. GCaMP expressing animals have been used to characterize Ca2+ signalling behaviours of distinct classes of ICC and SMCs throughout the GI musculature. These findings illustrate how Ca2+ signalling in ICC is fundamental in GI muscles, contributing to tone in sphincters, pacemaker activity in rhythmic muscles and relaying enteric signals to SMCs. Animals that express channelrhodopsin in specific neuronal populations have been used to map neural circuitry and to examine post junctional neural effects on GI motility. Thus, optogenetic approaches provide a novel means to examine the contribution of specific cell types to the regulation of motility patterns within complex multi-cellular systems. Abstract Figure Legends Optogenetic activators and sensors can be used to investigate the complex multi-cellular nature of the gastrointestinal (GI tract). Optogenetic activators that are activated by light such as channelrhodopsins (ChR2), OptoXR and halorhodopsinss (HR) proteins can be genetically encoded into specific cell types. This can be used to directly activate or silence specific GI cells such as various classes of enteric neurons, smooth muscle cells (SMC) or interstitial cells, such as interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). Optogenetic sensors that are activated by different wavelengths of light such as green calmodulin fusion protein (GCaMP) and red CaMP (RCaMP) make high resolution of sub-cellular Ca2+ signalling possible within intact tissues of specific cell types. These tools can provide unparalleled insight into mechanisms underlying GI motility and innervation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard T Drumm
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Department of Life & Health Science, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Co. Louth, Ireland.,Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Caroline A Cobine
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Salah A Baker
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
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