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Li J, You C, Li Y, Li C, Fan W, Chen Z, Hu W, Wu K, Xu HE, Zhao LH. Structural basis for activation of somatostatin receptor 5 by cyclic neuropeptide agonists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321710121. [PMID: 38885377 PMCID: PMC11214081 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321710121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) is an important G protein-coupled receptor and drug target for neuroendocrine tumors and pituitary disorders. This study presents two high-resolution cryogenicelectron microscope structures of the SSTR5-Gi complexes bound to the cyclic neuropeptide agonists, cortistatin-17 (CST17) and octreotide, with resolutions of 2.7 Å and 2.9 Å, respectively. The structures reveal that binding of these peptides causes rearrangement of a "hydrophobic lock", consisting of residues from transmembrane helices TM3 and TM6. This rearrangement triggers outward movement of TM6, enabling Gαi protein engagement and receptor activation. In addition to hydrophobic interactions, CST17 forms conserved polar contacts similar to somatostatin-14 binding to SSTR2, while further structural and functional analysis shows that extracellular loops differently recognize CST17 and octreotide. These insights elucidate agonist selectivity and activation mechanisms of SSTR5, providing valuable guidance for structure-based drug development targeting this therapeutically relevant receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Chongzhao You
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Changyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai201210, China
| | - Wenjia Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Zecai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Wen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
| | - H. Eric Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
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Jin S, Guo S, Xu Y, Li X, Wu C, He X, Pan B, Xin W, Zhang H, Hu W, Yin Y, Zhang T, Wu K, Yuan Q, Xu HE, Xie X, Jiang Y. Structural basis for recognition of 26RFa by the pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide receptor. Cell Discov 2024; 10:58. [PMID: 38830850 PMCID: PMC11148045 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide 26RFa, a member of the RF-amide peptide family, activates the pyroglutamylated RF-amide peptide receptor (QRFPR), a class A GPCR. The 26RFa/QRFPR system plays critical roles in energy homeostasis, making QRFPR an attractive drug target for treating obesity, diabetes, and eating disorders. However, the lack of structural information has hindered our understanding of the peptide recognition and regulatory mechanism of QRFPR, impeding drug design efforts. In this study, we determined the cryo-EM structure of the Gq-coupled QRFPR bound to 26RFa. The structure reveals a unique assembly mode of the extracellular region of the receptor and the N-terminus of the peptide, and elucidates the recognition mechanism of the C-terminal heptapeptide of 26RFa by the transmembrane binding pocket of QRFPR. The study also clarifies the similarities and distinctions in the binding pattern of the RF-amide moiety in five RF-amide peptides and the RY-amide segment in neuropeptide Y. These findings deepen our understanding of the RF-amide peptide recognition, aiding in the rational design of drugs targeting QRFPR and other RF-amide peptide receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shimeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Youwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Canrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Wenwen Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Tianwei Zhang
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingning Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - H Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Yi Jiang
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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Xu JF, Liu L, Liu Y, Lu KX, Zhang J, Zhu YJ, Fang F, Dou YN. Spinal Nmur2-positive Neurons Play a Crucial Role in Mechanical Itch. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024:104504. [PMID: 38442838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The dorsal spinal cord is crucial for the transmission and modulation of multiple somatosensory modalities, such as itch, pain, and touch. Despite being essential for the well-being and survival of an individual, itch and pain, in their chronic forms, have increasingly been recognized as clinical problems. Although considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the neurochemical processing of nociceptive and chemical itch sensations, the neural substrate that is crucial for mechanical itch processing is still unclear. Here, using genetic and functional manipulation, we identified a population of spinal neurons expressing neuromedin U receptor 2 (Nmur2+) as critical elements for mechanical itch. We found that spinal Nmur2+ neurons are predominantly excitatory neurons, and are enriched in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn. Pharmacogenetic activation of cervical spinal Nmur2+ neurons evoked scratching behavior. Conversely, the ablation of these neurons using a caspase-3-based method decreased von Frey filament-induced scratching behavior without affecting responses to other somatosensory modalities. Similarly, suppressing the excitability of cervical spinal Nmur2+ neurons via the overexpression of functional Kir2.1 potassium channels reduced scratching in response to innocuous mechanical stimuli, but not to pruritogen application. At the lumbar level, pharmacogenetic activation of these neurons evoked licking and lifting behaviors. However, ablating these neurons did not affect the behavior associated with acute pain. Thus, these results revealed the crucial role of spinal Nmur2+ neurons in mechanical itch. Our study provides important insights into the neural basis of mechanical itch, paving the way for developing novel therapies for chronic itch. PERSPECTIVE: Excitatory Nmur2+ neurons in the superficial dorsal spinal cord are essential for mechanical but not chemical itch information processing. These spinal Nmur2+ neurons represent a potential cellular target for future therapeutic interventions against chronic itch. Spinal and supraspinal Nmur2+ neurons may play different roles in pain signal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Xing Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Nong Dou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Kleyner R, Ung N, Arif M, Marchi E, Amble K, Gavin M, Madrid R, Lyon G. ITPR1-associated spinocerebellar ataxia with craniofacial features-additional evidence for germline mosaicism. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2023; 9:a006303. [PMID: 37821226 PMCID: PMC10815276 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 (ITPR1) is an endoplasmic reticulum-bound intracellular inositol triphosphate receptor involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium. Pathogenic variants in ITPR1 are associated with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 15/16 and 29 and have recently been implicated in a facial microsomia syndrome. In this report, we present a family with three affected individuals found to have a heterozygous missense c.800C > T (predicted p.Thr267Met) who present clinically with a SCA29-like syndrome. All three individuals presented with varying degrees of ataxia, developmental delay, and apparent intellectual disability, as well as craniofacial involvement-an uncommon finding in patients with SCA29. The variant was identified using clinical exome sequencing and validated with Sanger sequencing. It is presumed to be inherited via parental germline mosaicism. We present our findings to provide additional evidence for germline mosaic inheritance of SCA29, as well as to expand the clinical phenotype of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kleyner
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8122, USA
| | - Nathaniel Ung
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Mohammad Arif
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
- Division of Cytogenetics and Molecular Pathology, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA
| | - Elaine Marchi
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Karen Amble
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Maureen Gavin
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Ricardo Madrid
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
| | - Gholson Lyon
- Department of Human Genetics, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA;
- George A. Jervis Clinic, NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York 10314, USA
- Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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Zhou Y, Zhao J, Yang L, Bi R, Qin Z, Sun P, Li R, Zhao M, Wang Y, Chen G, Wan H, Zheng L, Chen XL, Wang G, Li Q, Li G. Doxorubicin inhibits phosphatidylserine decarboxylase and confers broad-spectrum antifungal activity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37148193 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As phospholipids of cell membranes, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) play crucial roles in glycerophospholipid metabolism. Broadly, some phospholipid biosynthesis enzymes serve as potential fungicide targets. Therefore, revealing the functions and mechanism of PE biosynthesis in plant pathogens would provide potential targets for crop disease control. We performed analyses including phenotypic characterizations, lipidomics, enzyme activity, site-directed mutagenesis, and chemical inhibition assays to study the function of PS decarboxylase-encoding gene MoPSD2 in rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. The Mopsd2 mutant was defective in development, lipid metabolism, and plant infection. The PS level increased while PE decreased in Mopsd2, consistent with the enzyme activity. Furthermore, chemical doxorubicin inhibited the enzyme activity of MoPsd2 and showed antifungal activity against 10 phytopathogenic fungi including M. oryzae and reduced disease severity of two crop diseases in the field. Three predicted doxorubicin-interacting residues are important for MoPsd2 functions. Our study demonstrates that MoPsd2 is involved in de novo PE biosynthesis and contributes to the development and plant infection of M. oryzae and that doxorubicin shows broad-spectrum antifungal activity as a fungicide candidate. The study also implicates that bacterium Streptomyces peucetius, which biosynthesizes doxorubicin, could be potentially used as an eco-friendly biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ruiqing Bi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ziting Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peng Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Renjian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mengfei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hu Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guotian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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You C, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Xu P, Li Z, Li H, Huang S, Chen Z, Li J, Xu HE, Jiang Y. Structural basis for motilin and erythromycin recognition by motilin receptor. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade9020. [PMID: 36921049 PMCID: PMC10017046 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Motilin is an endogenous peptide hormone almost exclusively expressed in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It activates the motilin receptor (MTLR), a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), and stimulates GI motility. To our knowledge, MTLR is the first GPCR reported to be activated by macrolide antibiotics, such as erythromycin. It has attracted extensive attention as a potential drug target for GI disorders. We report two structures of Gq-coupled human MTLR bound to motilin and erythromycin. Our structures reveal the recognition mechanism of both ligands and explain the specificity of motilin and ghrelin, a related gut peptide hormone, for their respective receptors. These structures also provide the basis for understanding the different recognition modes of erythromycin by MTLR and ribosome. These findings provide a framework for understanding the physiological regulation of MTLR and guiding drug design targeting MTLR for the treatment of GI motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhao You
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Youwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peiyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huadong Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Sijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zecai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingru Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - H. Eric Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
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Edelmann MR, Erny J, Guba W, Hierl M. Tritium Labeling of Neuromedin S by Conjugation with [ 3H] N-Succinimidyl Propionate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:2367-2376. [PMID: 36687043 PMCID: PMC9851027 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The human neuropeptide neuromedin S (NMS) consists of 33 amino acids. The introduction of tritium atoms into NMS has not been described so far. This represents a gap for using [3H]NMS in radioreceptor binding assays or in tracking and monitoring their metabolic pathway. Two approaches for the incorporation of tritium into NMS were explored in this study: (1) halogenation at the His-18 residue followed by catalyzed iodine-127/tritium exchange and (2) conjugation of tritiated N-succinimidyl-[2,3-3H3]propionate ([3H]NSP) to at least one of the three available primary amines of amino acids Ile-1, Lys-15, and Lys-16 in the peptide sequence. Although iodination of histidine was achieved, subsequent iodine-127/deuterium exchange was unsuccessful. Derivatization at the three possible amino positions in the peptide using nonradioactive NSP resulted in a mixture of unconjugated NSM and 1- to 3-conjugations at different amino acids in the peptide sequence. Each labeling position in the mixture was assigned following detailed LC-MS/MS analysis. After separating the mixture, it was shown in an in vitro fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) and in a competitive binding assay that the propionyl-modified NMS derivatives were comparable to the unlabeled NMS, regardless of the degree of labeling and the labeling position(s). A molecular simulation with NMS in the binding pocket of the protein neuromedin U receptor 2 (NMUR2) confirmed that the possible labeling positions are located outside the binding region of NMUR2. Tritium labeling was achieved at the N-terminal Ile-1 using [3H]NSP in 7% yield with a radiochemical purity of >95% and a molar activity of 90 Ci/mmol. This approach provides access to tritiated NMS and enables new investigations to characterize NMS or corresponding NMS ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. Edelmann
- Department
of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University
of Bath, BathBA2 7AY, U.K.
- Roche
Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel,
Therapeutic Modalities, Small Molecule Research, Isotope Synthesis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Erny
- Roche
Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel,
Therapeutic Modalities, Small Molecule Research, Lead Discovery, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Guba
- Roche
Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel,
Therapeutic Modalities, Small Molecule Research, Computer Aided Drug
Design, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Hierl
- Roche
Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel,
Therapeutic Modalities, Small Molecule Research, Lead Discovery, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH-4070Basel, Switzerland
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