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Ballweg T, Liu M, Grimm J, Sedghamiz E, Wenzel W, Franzreb M. All-atom modeling of methacrylate-based multi-modal chromatography resins for Langmuir constant prediction of peptides. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465089. [PMID: 38879977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
In downstream processing, the intricate nature of the interactions between biomolecules and adsorbent materials presents a significant challenge in the prediction of their binding and elution behaviors. This complexity is further heightened in multi-modal chromatography (MMC), which employs two distinct binding mechanisms. To gain a deeper understanding of the involved interactions, simulating the adsorption of biomolecules on resin surfaces is a focal point of ongoing research. However, previous studies often simplified the adsorbent surface, modeling it as a flat or slightly curved plane without including a realistic backbone structure. Here, we introduce and validate two novel workflows aimed at predicting peptide binding behaviors in MMC, specifically targeting methacrylate-based resins. Our first achievement was the development of an all-atom model of a commercial MMC resin surface, incorporating its polymethacrylic backbone. Furthermore, we established and tested a workflow for rapid calculations of binding free energies (ΔG) with 10 linear peptides as target molecules. These ΔG calculations were effectively used to predict Langmuir constants, achieving a high coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.96. In subsequent benchmarking tests, our model outperformed established, simpler resin surface models in terms of predictive capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Ballweg
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Modan Liu
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Julian Grimm
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Elaheh Sedghamiz
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany; Schrödinger, GmbH, Glücksteinallee 25, Mannheim 68163, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Matthias Franzreb
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany.
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2
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Mauri A, Kiefer P, Neidinger P, Messer T, Bojanowski NM, Yang L, Walden S, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C, Wegener M, Wenzel W, Kozlowska M. Two- and three-photon processes during photopolymerization in 3D laser printing. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03527e. [PMID: 39129779 PMCID: PMC11309088 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The performance of a photoinitiator is key to control efficiency and resolution in 3D laser nanoprinting. Upon light absorption, a cascade of competing photophysical processes leads to photochemical reactions toward radical formation that initiates free radical polymerization (FRP). Here, we investigate 7-diethylamino-3-thenoylcoumarin (DETC), belonging to an efficient and frequently used class of photoinitiators in 3D laser printing, and explain the molecular bases of FRP initiation upon DETC photoactivation. Depending on the presence of a co-initiator, DETC causes radical generation either upon two-photon- or three-photon excitation, but the mechanism for these processes is not well understood so far. Here, we show that the unique three-photon based radical formation by DETC, in the absence of a co-initiator, results from its excitation to highly excited triplet states. They allow a hydrogen-atom transfer reaction from the pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) monomer to DETC, enabling the formation of the reactive PETA alkyl radical, which initiates FRP. The formation of active DETC radicals is demonstrated to be less spontaneous. In contrast, photoinitiation in the presence of an onium salt co-initiator proceeds via intermolecular electron transfer after the photosensitization of the photoinitiator to the lowest triplet excited state. Our quantum mechanical calculations demonstrate photophysical processes upon the multiphoton activation of DETC and explain different reactions for the radical formation upon DETC photoactivation. This investigation for the first time describes possible pathways of FRP initiation in 3D laser nanoprinting and permits further rational design of efficient photoinitiators to increase the speed and sensitivity of 3D laser nanoprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mauri
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Pascal Kiefer
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Philipp Neidinger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Tobias Messer
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - N Maximilian Bojanowski
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Liang Yang
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sarah Walden
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Martin Wegener
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics (APH), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Mariana Kozlowska
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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3
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Zheng B, Xie Y, Xu S, Meng AC, Wang S, Wu Y, Yang S, Wan C, Huang G, Tour JM, Lin J. Programmed multimaterial assembly by synergized 3D printing and freeform laser induction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4541. [PMID: 38806541 PMCID: PMC11133382 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48919-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In nature, structural and functional materials often form programmed three-dimensional (3D) assembly to perform daily functions, inspiring researchers to engineer multifunctional 3D structures. Despite much progress, a general method to fabricate and assemble a broad range of materials into functional 3D objects remains limited. Herein, to bridge the gap, we demonstrate a freeform multimaterial assembly process (FMAP) by integrating 3D printing (fused filament fabrication (FFF), direct ink writing (DIW)) with freeform laser induction (FLI). 3D printing performs the 3D structural material assembly, while FLI fabricates the functional materials in predesigned 3D space by synergistic, programmed control. This paper showcases the versatility of FMAP in spatially fabricating various types of functional materials (metals, semiconductors) within 3D structures for applications in crossbar circuits for LED display, a strain sensor for multifunctional springs and haptic manipulators, a UV sensor, a 3D electromagnet as a magnetic encoder, capacitive sensors for human machine interface, and an integrated microfluidic reactor with a built-in Joule heater for nanomaterial synthesis. This success underscores the potential of FMAP to redefine 3D printing and FLI for programmed multimaterial assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bujingda Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Yunchao Xie
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Shichen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, 77005, TX, USA
| | - Andrew C Meng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Yuchao Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Shuhong Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Caixia Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, 77005, TX, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, 77005, TX, USA
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, 77005, TX, USA
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.
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4
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Yin P, Li B, Hong J, Jing H, Li B, Liu H, Chen X, Lu Y, Shao J. Design Criteria for Architected Materials with Programmable Mechanical Properties Within Theoretical Limit Ranges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307279. [PMID: 38084485 PMCID: PMC10916576 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Architected materials comprising periodic arrangements of cells have attracted considerable interest in various fields because of their unconventional properties and versatile functionality. Although some better properties may be exhibited when this homogeneous layout is broken, most such studies rely on a fixed material geometry, which limits the design space for material properties. Here, combining heterogeneous and homogeneous assembly of cells to generate tunable geometries, a hierarchically architected material (HAM) capable of significantly enhancing mechanical properties is proposed. Guided by the theoretical model and 745 752 simulation cases, generic design criteria are introduced, including dual screening for unique mechanical properties and careful assembly of specific spatial layouts, to identify the geometry of materials with extreme properties. Such criteria facilitate the potential for unprecedented properties such as Young's modulus at the theoretical limit and tunable positive and negative Poisson's ratios in an ultra-large range. Therefore, this study opens a new paradigm for materials with extreme mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor‐Bearing SystemXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Baotong Li
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor‐Bearing SystemXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Jun Hong
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor‐Bearing SystemXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Hui Jing
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor‐Bearing SystemXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Bang Li
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor‐Bearing SystemXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Honglei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor‐Bearing SystemXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongSAR999077China
| | - Jinyou Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
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5
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Zhang M, Chai Y, Liu H, He Z, Kang G. Crossed grating sensing refractive index change in the non-laboratory environment. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:5815-5818. [PMID: 37910766 DOI: 10.1364/ol.504556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have been widely applied to refractive index (RI) sensing for their extremely high sensitivity to the surrounding RI change. Many efforts have been devoted to narrowing the linewidth of the SPP mode and enhancing the sensitivity of SPP sensors. However, most reported SPP-based RI sensing platforms could only operate in a laboratory environment for their bulky volume or sophisticated measuring systems. In this context, we have developed a miniaturized and portable RI sensing platform based on a 2D crossed grating coupled SPP sensor that can work under a non-laboratory environment. The crossed grating is fabricated by the laser interference lithography (LIL) method, which is cost-effective and reproductive. A series of glucose solutions with different concentrations have been used as analytes to verify the sensing performance of the fabricated crossed grating.
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Catt SO, Hackner M, Spatz JP, Blasco E. Macromolecular Engineering: From Precise Macromolecular Inks to 3D Printed Microstructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300844. [PMID: 37078908 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Macromolecules with complex, defined structures exist in nature but rarely is this degree of control afforded in synthetic macromolecules. Sequence-defined approaches provide a solution for precise control of the primary macromolecular structure. Despite a growing interest, very few examples for applications of sequence-defined macromolecules exist. In particular, the use of sequence-defined macromolecules as printable materials remains unexplored. Herein, the rational design of precise macromolecular inks for 3D microprinting is investigated for the first time. Specifically, three printable oligomers are synthesized, consisting of eight units, either crosslinkable (C) or non-functional (B) with varied sequence (BCBCBCBC, alternating; BBCCCBB, triblock; and BBBBCCCC, block). The oligomers are printed using two-photon laser printing and characterized. It is clearly demonstrated that the macromolecular sequence, specifically the positioning of the crosslinkable group, plays a critical role in both the printability and final properties of the printed material. Thus, through precise design and printability of sequence-defined macromolecules, an exciting avenue for the next generation of functional materials for 3D printing is created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha O Catt
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM) and Organic Chemistry Institute (OCI), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Hackner
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM) and Organic Chemistry Institute (OCI), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Germany Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim P Spatz
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM) and Organic Chemistry Institute (OCI), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cellular Biophysics, Germany Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Blasco
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM) and Organic Chemistry Institute (OCI), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Chen L, Guo X, Sun X, Zhang S, Wu J, Yu H, Zhang T, Cheng W, Shi Y, Pan L. Porous Structural Microfluidic Device for Biomedical Diagnosis: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:547. [PMID: 36984956 PMCID: PMC10051279 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics has recently received more and more attention in applications such as biomedical, chemical and medicine. With the development of microelectronics technology as well as material science in recent years, microfluidic devices have made great progress. Porous structures as a discontinuous medium in which the special flow phenomena of fluids lead to their potential and special applications in microfluidics offer a unique way to develop completely new microfluidic chips. In this article, we firstly introduce the fabrication methods for porous structures of different materials. Then, the physical effects of microfluid flow in porous media and their related physical models are discussed. Finally, the state-of-the-art porous microfluidic chips and their applications in biomedicine are summarized, and we present the current problems and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xidi Sun
- Correspondence: (X.S.); (Y.S.); (L.P.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Shi
- Correspondence: (X.S.); (Y.S.); (L.P.)
| | - Lijia Pan
- Correspondence: (X.S.); (Y.S.); (L.P.)
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8
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Chan KC, Li Z, Wenzel W. A Mori-Zwanzig Dissipative Particle Dynamics Approach for Anisotropic Coarse Grained Molecular Dynamics. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:910-923. [PMID: 36645752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Coarse grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations are widely used to accelerate atomistic simulations but generally lack a formalism to preserve the dynamics of the system. For spherical particles, the Mori-Zwanzig approach, while computationally complex, has ameliorated this problem. Here we present an anisotropic dissipative particle dynamics (ADPD) model as an extension of this approach, which accounts for the anisotropy for both conservative and nonconservative interactions. For a simple anisotropic system we parametrize the coarse grained force field representing ellipsoidal CG particles from the full-atomistic simulation. To represent the anisotropy of the system, both the conservative and dissipative terms are approximated using the Gay-Berne (GB) functional forms via a force-matching approach. We compare our model with other CG models and demonstrate that it yields better results in both static and dynamical properties. The inclusion of the anisotropic nonconservative force preserves the microscopic dynamical details, and hence the dynamical properties, such as diffusivity, can be better reproduced by the aspherical model. By generalizing the isotropic DPD model, this framework is effective and promising for the development of the CG model for polymers, macromolecules, and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Chun Chan
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344, Germany
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina29634, United States
| | - Wolfgang Wenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344, Germany
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