1
|
Mu Y, Nyakuchena J, Wang Y, Wilkes JR, Luo T, Goldstein M, Elander B, Mohanty U, Bao JL, Huang J, Wang D. Sulfurized Two-Dimensional Conductive Metal-Organic Framework as a High-Performance Cathode Material for Rechargeable Mg Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409286. [PMID: 39018503 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable Mg batteries are a promising energy storage technology to overcome the limitations inherent to Li ion batteries. A critical challenge in advancing Mg batteries is the lack of suitable cathode materials. In this work, we report a cathode design that incorporates S functionality into two-dimensional metal-organic-frameworks (2D-MOFs). This new cathode material enables good Mg2+ storage capacity and outstanding cyclability. It was found that upon the initial Mg2+ insertion and disinsertion, there is an apparent structural transformation that crumbles the layered 2D framework, leading to amorphization. The resulting material serves as the active material to host Mg2+ through reduction and/or oxidation of S and, to a limited extent, O. The reversible nature of S and O redox chemistry was confirmed by spectroscopic characterizations and validated by density functional calculations. Importantly, during the Mg2+ insertion and disinsertion process, the 2D nature of the framework was maintained, which plays a key role in enabling the high reversibility of the MOF cathode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mu
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - James Nyakuchena
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - James R Wilkes
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - Tongtong Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - Michael Goldstein
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - Brooke Elander
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - Udayan Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| | - Jier Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - Dunwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Wang L, Bian Q, Zhong C, Chen Y, Jiang L. Enhanced Ionic Power Generation via Light-Driven Active Ion Transport Across 2D Semiconductor Heterostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311379. [PMID: 38829150 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
2D semiconductor heterostructures exhibit broad application prospects. However, regular nanochannels of heterostructures rarely caught the researcher's attention. Herein, a metal-organic framework (i.e., Cu3(HHTP)2) and transition metal dichalcogenides (i.e., MoS2)-based multilayer van der Waals heterostructure (i.e., Cu3(HHTP)2/MoS2) realized band alignment-dominated light-driven ion transport and further light-enhanced ionic energy generation. High-density channels of the heterostructure provide high-speed pathways for ion transmembrane transport. Upon light illumination, a net ionic flow occurs at a symmetric concentration, suggesting a directional cationic transport from Cu3(HHTP)2 to MoS2. This is because Cu3(HHTP)2/MoS2 heterostructures containing type-II band alignment can generate photovoltaic motive force through light-induced efficient charge separation to drive ion transport. After introducing into the ionic power generation system, the maximum power density under illumination can achieve notable improvement under different concentration differences. In addition to the photovoltaic motive force, type-II band alignment and material defect capture-induced surface charge increase also raise ion selectivity and flux, greatly facilitating ionic energy generation. This work demonstrates that 2D semiconductor heterostructures with rational band alignment can not only be a potential platform for optimizing light-enhanced ionic energy harvesting but also provide a new thought for biomimetic iontronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lili Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qing Bian
- Analysis and Testing Central Facility of Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243032, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin ZB, Zhou G, Han Y, Huang Z, Gu ZG, Zhang J. Topochemical Polymerization at Diacetylene Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films for Tuning Nonlinear Optics. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:25016-25027. [PMID: 39213506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Developing the topochemical polymerization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is of pronounced significance for expanding their functionalities but is still a challenge on third-order nonlinear optics (NLO). Here, we report diacetylene MOF (CAS-1-3) films prepared using a stepwise deposition method and film structural transformation approach, featuring dynamic structural diversity. The MOF structures were determined by the three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) method from nanocrystals collected from the films, which provides a reliable strategy for determining the precise structure of unknown MOF films. We demonstrate the well-aligned diacetylene groups in the MOFs can promote topological polymerization to produce a highly conjugated system under thermal stimulation. As a result, the three MOF films have distinct NLO properties: the CAS-1 film exhibits saturable absorption (SA) while CAS-2 and CAS-3 films exhibit reverse saturable absorption (RSA). Interestingly, due to the topochemical polymerization of the MOF films, a transition from SA to RSA response was observed with increasing temperatures, and the optical limiting effect was significantly enhanced (∼46 times). This study provides a new strategy for preparing NLO materials and thermally regulation of nonlinear optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Zhou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Yu Han
- Center for Electron Microscopy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhehao Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
- Center for Electron Microscopy, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jeong H, Park G, Jeon J, Park SS. Fabricating Large-Area Thin Films of 2D Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:2336-2346. [PMID: 39073835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusRecent years have witnessed significant interest in two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to their unique properties and promising applications across various fields. These materials offer distinct advantages, including high porosity and excellent charge transport properties. Their tunability allows precise control over various factors, including the electronic structure adjustments and local reactivity modulation, facilitating a wide range of properties and applications, such as material sensing and spin dynamics control. Moreover, the precise crystal structure of 2D MOFs supports rational design and mechanism studies, providing insights into their potential applications and enhancing their utility in various scientific and technological endeavors.To fully unveil the latent capabilities of 2D MOFs and advance their applications across diverse fields, thin film synthesis is crucial. Thin films provide a platform for investigating the intrinsic electrical properties of 2D MOFs with anisotropic structures, enabling the exploration of their unique characteristics comprehensively. Additionally, thin films offer the advantage of minimizing interference at contacts and junctions, thereby enhancing the performance of 2D MOFs for various applications. Furthermore, the properties of thin films can vary with thickness, presenting an opportunity to tailor their characteristics based on specific requirements.In this Account, we present an overview of our research focusing on the synthesis of 2D conductive MOF thin films encompassing two primary methods: chemical vapor deposition and solution processing. The chemical vapor deposition method allows for one-step, all-vapor-phase processes resulting in MOFs with edge-on orientation, controllable film thicknesses ranging from 55 to 662.7 nm, and smooth, homogeneous surfaces. On the other hand, solution-processing introduces a novel MOF, Cu3(HHTATP)2, by reducing interlayer interactions through the addition of pendent Brønsted bases on a ligand, enabling spin coating for thin film synthesis. This method yields a concentrated 2D MOF solution, enabling spin coating for thin film synthesis, where reversible electrical conductivity changes occur through doping with an acid and dedoping with a base. Additionally, we discuss various other synthesis methods, such as interfacial synthesis, layer-by-layer assembly, and microfluidic-assisted synthesis, offering versatile approaches for fabricating large-area thin films with tailored properties. Finally, we address ongoing challenges and potential strategies for further advancement in 2D conductive MOF thin film synthesis. We hope that this Account provides insights for selecting synthesis methods tailored to specific purposes, contributes to the development of varied synthesis techniques, and facilitates the exploration of diverse applications, unlocking the full potential of 2D conductive MOFs for next-generation technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyebeen Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunchan Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah S Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I-CREATE), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xue R, Feng Z, Wang Y, Huang J, Dou W, Xu C. Ru Single-Atom Nanoarchitectonics on Co-Based Conducting Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:14804-14810. [PMID: 39052982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The development of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is essential for the production of green hydrogen from water electrolysis, but it is challenging. Herein, ruthenium (Ru) single-atom-modified Co-HHTP (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) (Ru@Co-HHTP) was prepared via a solvothermal and ion exchange method. Systematic experiments highlight that the atomically dispersed Ru can optimize the electronic structure and electronic conductivity of Co-HHTP. As a result, the obtained Ru@Co-HHTP shows a low overpotential of 247 mV at 100 mA cm-2, a small Tafel slope of 38.14 mV dec-1, and good stability, which are superior to those of Co-HHTP, commercial IrO2, and most previously reported catalysts. This work provides a new avenue for designing highly efficient elongated OER electrocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yantao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wei Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cailing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wei C, Wang Z, Hu Y, Huang J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Liu Q, Yu Z. Layer-by-layer growth of Cu 3(HHTP) 2 films on Cu(OH) 2 nanowire arrays for high performance ascorbic acid sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 255:116256. [PMID: 38555772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Growing three-dimensional (3D) metal organic frameworks (MOFs) via heterogeneous epitaxial growth on metal hydroxide arrays are effective for constructing electrochemical sensor. However, the growth of MOFs is difficult to control, resulting in thick and irregular morphologies and even damage the metal hydroxide template. In this work, Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) films with controllable thickness and morphology were successfully prepared on Cu(OH)2 nanowire arrays (NWAs) through layer-by-layer (LBL) growth method. We have discovered that the LBL cycle and the reaction solvent composition are crucial for growing homogenous MOF thin films. The Cu3(HHTP)2 based ascorbic acid (AA) sensor, fabricated in ethanol within 10 LBL cycles, generated an ultrahigh sensitivity of 821.64 μA mM-1 cm-2 in the range of 6-981.41 μM, a low detection limit of 60 nM as well as the great selectivity, stability and reproducibility. Moreover, the relative deviation for AA detection in two fruit juices were 3.22 % and 3.71 %, and the test result for human sweat fall within the normal AA concentration range, verifying the feasibility of as-prepared sensor for practical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhuinan Wei
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China; New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yurun Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Jingqi Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Huihu Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China; New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ziyang Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo H, Jia C, Yao Y, Bai M, Ma T, Zhang J, Xia J, Nie H, Yao B, He J, Zhang B. Nonlinear Optical Saturable Absorption Properties of 2D VP Nanosheets and Application as SA in a Passively Q-Switched Nd:YVO 4 Laser. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2585. [PMID: 38893849 PMCID: PMC11174069 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) violet phosphorus (VP) plays a significant role in the applications of photonic and optoelectronic devices due to its unique optical and electrical properties. The ultrafast carrier dynamics and nonlinear optical absorption properties were systematically investigated here. The intra- and inter-band ultrafast relaxation times of 2D VP nanosheets were measured to be ~6.83 ps and ~62.91 ps using the pump-probe method with a probe laser operating at 1.03 μm. The nonlinear absorption coefficient βeff, the saturation intensity Is, the modulation depth ΔR, and the nonsaturable loss were determined to be -2.18 × 104 cm/MW, 329 kW/cm2, 6.3%, and 9.8%, respectively, by using the Z-scan and I-scan methods, indicating the tremendous saturable absorption property of 2D VP nanosheets. Furthermore, the passively Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser was realized with the 2D VP nanosheet-based SA, in which the average output power of 700 mW and the pulse duration of 478 ns were obtained. These results effectively reveal the nonlinear optical absorption characteristics of VP nanosheets, demonstrating their outstanding light-manipulating capabilities and providing a basis for the applications of ultrafast optical devices. Our results verify the excellent saturable absorption properties of 2D VP, paving the way for its applications in pulsed laser generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chunyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yongping Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Meng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tiejun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jinbao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hongkun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Baitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Novel Semiconductors, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hong T, Lee C, Bak Y, Park G, Lee H, Kang S, Bae TH, Yoon DK, Park JG. On-Demand Tunable Electrical Conductance Anisotropy in a MOF-Polymer Composite. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309469. [PMID: 38174621 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Property optimization through orientation control of metal-organic framework (MOF) crystals that exhibit anisotropic crystal structures continues to garner tremendous interest. Herein, an electric field is utilized to post-synthetically control the orientation of conductive layered Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) crystals dispersed in an electronically insulating poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) oligomer matrix. Optical and electrical measurements are performed to investigate the impact of the electric field on the alignment of Cu3(HHTP)2 crystals and the formation of aggregated microstructures, which leads to an ≈5000-fold increase in the conductivity of the composite. Notably, the composite thin-films containing aligned Cu3(HHTP)2 crystals exhibit significant conductivity of ≈10-3 S cm-1 despite the low concentration (≈1 wt.%) of conductive Cu3(HHTP)2. The use of an electric field to align Cu3(HHTP)2 crystals can rapidly generate various desired patterns that exhibit on-demand tunable collective charge transport anisotropy. The findings provide valuable insights toward the manipulation and utilization of conductive MOFs with anisotropic crystal structures for various applications such as adhesive electrical interconnects and microelectronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taegyun Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongseo Bak
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonhyeong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongju Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunguk Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Bae
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jesse G Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu J, Sun Y, Geng K, Huang J, Cui Y, Hou H. Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Modulation Behavior of Photoresponsive Bimetallic MOFs. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6526-6536. [PMID: 38519424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) capable of sensing external stimuli will provide more possibilities for further regulating third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. In this work, we synthesized bimetallic MOFs (ZnCu-MOF and ZnCd-MOF) through central metal exchange using a photoresponsive Zn-MOF as a precursor. Compared with Zn-MOF, both ZnCu-MOF and ZnCd-MOF exhibit significantly enhanced third-order NLO absorption properties. This is mainly attributed to the introduction of metal ions with different electron configurations that can adjust the bandgap of MOFs and enhance electron delocalization, thus promoting electron transfer. Interestingly, the bimetallic MOFs show a transition from reverse saturation absorption (RSA) to saturation absorption (SA) after exposure to ultraviolet irradiation, as they retain the properties of directional photogenerated electron transfer. Photoresponsive bimetallic MOFs not only have the effect of bimetallic modulation of electronic structures but also have the characteristics of photoinduced electron transfer, exhibiting diversified optical properties. These findings provide a novel method for the development of multifunctional NLO materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiongjiong Yu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yupei Sun
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kangshuai Geng
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Cui
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yuan K, Tao K, Song T, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Wang F, Duan S, Chen Z, Li L, Zhang X, Zhong D, Tang Z, Lu TB, Hu W. Large-Area Conductive MOF Ultrathin Film Controllably Integrating Dinuclear-Metal Sites and Photosensitizers to Boost Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction with H 2O as an Electron Donor. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6893-6904. [PMID: 38426856 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the electrical conductivity and periodic porosity, conductive metal-organic framework (cMOF) ultrathin films open new perspectives to photocatalysis. The space-selective assembly of catalytic sites and photosensitizers in/on cMOF is favorable for promoting the separation of photogenerated carriers and mass transfer. However, the controllable integration of functional units into the cMOF film is rarely reported. Herein, via the synergistic effect of steric hindrance and an electrostatic-driven strategy, the dinuclear-metal molecular catalysts (DMC) and perovskite (PVK) quantum dot photosensitizers were immobilized into channels and onto the surface of cMOF ultrathin films, respectively, affording [DMC@cMOF]-PVK film photocatalysts. In this unique heterostructure, cMOF not only facilitated the charge transfer from PVK to DMC but also guaranteed mass transfer. Using H2O as an electron donor, [DMC@cMOF]-PVK realized a 133.36 μmol·g-1·h-1 CO yield in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, much higher than PVK and DMC-PVK. Owing to the excellent light transmission of films, multilayers of [DMC@cMOF]-PVK were integrated to increase the CO yield per unit area, and the 10-layer device realized a 1115.92 μmol·m-2 CO yield in 4 h, which was 8-fold higher than that of powder counterpart. This work not only lightens the development of cMOF-based composite films but also paves a novel avenue for an ultrathin film photocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Yuan
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Keying Tao
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tianqun Song
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuming Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lujiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dichang Zhong
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tong-Bu Lu
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science & Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuits, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rubio-Giménez V, Carraro F, Hofer S, Fratschko M, Stassin T, Rodríguez-Hermida S, Schrode B, Barba L, Resel R, Falcaro P, Ameloot R. Polymorphism and orientation control of copper-dicarboxylate metal-organic framework thin films through vapour- and liquid-phase growth. CrystEngComm 2024; 26:1071-1076. [PMID: 38384732 PMCID: PMC10877460 DOI: 10.1039/d3ce01296d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Precise control over the crystalline phase and crystallographic orientation within thin films of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is highly desirable. Here, we report a comparison of the liquid- and vapour-phase film deposition of two copper-dicarboxylate MOFs starting from an oriented metal hydroxide precursor. X-ray diffraction revealed that the vapour- or liquid-phase reaction of the linker with this precursor results in different crystalline phases, morphologies, and orientations. Pole figure analysis showed that solution-based growth of the MOFs follows the axial texture of the metal hydroxide precursor, resulting in heteroepitaxy. In contrast, the vapour-phase method results in non-epitaxial growth with uniplanar texture only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/Z2 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sebastian Hofer
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Mario Fratschko
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Timothée Stassin
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sabina Rodríguez-Hermida
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Benedikt Schrode
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Luisa Barba
- Istituto di Cristallografia - Sincrotrone Elettra, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Area Science Park 34142 Basovizza Italy
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 16 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology Stremayrgasse 9/Z2 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy (cMACS), KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Panda S, Kundu S, Malik P, Haldar R. Leveraging metal node-linker self-assembly to access functional anisotropy of zirconium-based MOF-on-MOF epitaxial heterostructure thin films. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2586-2592. [PMID: 38362432 PMCID: PMC10866365 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06719j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemically robust, functional porous materials are imperative for designing novel membranes for chemical separation and heterogeneous catalysts. Among the array of potential materials, zirconium (Zr)-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered considerable attention, and have been investigated for applications related to gas separation and storage, and catalysis. However, a significant challenge with Zr-MOFs lies in their processibility, particularly in achieving homogenous thin films and controlling functional anisotropy. The recent developments in MOF thin film fabrication methodologies do not yield a solution to achieve mild reaction condition growth of Zr-MOF thin films with epitaxial MOF-on-MOF geometry (i.e. functional anisotropy). In the current work, we have devised a straightforward methodology under room temperature conditions, which enables epitaxial, oriented MOF-on-MOF thin film growth. This achievement is accomplished through a stepwise self-assembly approach involving Zr nodes and linkers on a functionalized substrate. This de novo developed strategy of functionality design is demonstrated for UiO-66 (University of Oslo) type Zr-MOFs. We have demonstrated the precise placement of chemical functionalities within the thin film structure, allowing for controlled chemical diffusion and regulation of diffusion selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvendu Panda
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally 500046 Hyderabad India
| | - Susmita Kundu
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally 500046 Hyderabad India
| | - Pratibha Malik
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally 500046 Hyderabad India
| | - Ritesh Haldar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad Gopanpally 500046 Hyderabad India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pu DF, Chen QY, Zheng X, Li DJ. Fabrication of Two-Dimensional Homo-Bimetallic Porphyrin Framework Thin Films for Optimizing Nonlinear Optical Limiting. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:909-914. [PMID: 38123359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient metal-organic framework (MOF) optical devices with tunable third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties is an important challenge for scientific research and practical application. Herein, 2D monometallic and hetero/homo-bimetallic porphyrin MOF thin films (ZnTCPP(M) M = H2, Fe, Zn) were fabricated using the liquid-phase epitaxial (LPE) layer-by-layer (LBL) method to investigate the metal substitution dependent third-order NLO behavior. The prepared homo-bimetallic ZnTCPP(Zn) thin film exhibited enhanced third-order NLO performance with a higher third-order nonlinear susceptibility of ∼4.21 × 10-7 esu compared to monometallic and hetero-bimetallic counterparts. Additionally, theoretical calculations were performed to complement the experimental findings and revealed that the enhanced NLO effect of the ZnTCPP(Zn) thin film is mainly attributed to the enhanced local excitation. These findings not only provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between metal types and the NLO behavior of porphyrin MOF thin films but also offer valuable insights into the design and optimization of NLO devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Fu Pu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China
| | - Qing-Yun Chen
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China
| | - De-Jing Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chon S, Nakayama R, Iwamoto S, Kobayashi S, Shimizu R, Hitosugi T. Orientation Control of a Two-Dimensional Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Thin Film by a Pyridine Vapor-Assisted Dry Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:56057-56063. [PMID: 38009945 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive materials with periodic pore structures constructed by coordinating metal ions and organic ligands. Recently, Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene), a two-dimensional conductive MOF, has attracted attention as a promising device material. Owing to the anisotropy of Cu3(HHTP)2 properties, oriented thin films of this MOF are desired for evaluating its physical properties and device integration. To date, wet processes have been used to fabricate Cu3(HHTP)2 films, whereas dry processes are essential for high-quality devices. However, oriented Cu3(HHTP)2 thin films have not yet been fabricated by using dry processes. In this study, we succeed in fabricating an orientation-controlled Cu3(HHTP)2 film on Al2O3 (001) by using a two-step dry process involving (1) the multilayer deposition of copper acetate and HHTP using a vapor deposition system and (2) pyridine vapor-assisted annealing. In-plane and out-of-plane X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the successful fabrication of the (001)-oriented Cu3(HHTP)2 films. The conductivity evaluated by four-probe measurements is 2.6 × 10-2 S cm-1, comparable to that of films fabricated by wet processes. This study provides a novel guideline for the orientation control of two-dimensional conductive MOF thin films via a dry process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seoungmin Chon
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakayama
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shunta Iwamoto
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryota Shimizu
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taro Hitosugi
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li M, Chu J, Ding D, Li T, Su E, Song Y, Yang YF, She Y, Jia J. Towards high-performance nonlinear optical materials through embedding a D-A system into β-ketoenamine-linked COFs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37991933 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04845d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Two covalent organic framework (COF) films supported by a glass substrate were obtained by solvothermal reaction of an electron donor with electron acceptor 1,3,5-triformylbenzene (TF) or 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (TFP), respectively. The TFP-BD film exhibits a nonlinear absorption coefficient of -3.01 × 105 cm GW-1. The TFP-BD film can aggregate electrons around the connected monomer through the D-A effect due to its highly polar and electronegative carbonyl oxygen atoms, thereby modulating the electronic structure of the COFs. This work provides a novel approach for the structural modulation of optical materials with strong nonlinearity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jiahui Chu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Debo Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Endian Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yinglin Song
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yun-Fang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yuanbin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jianhong Jia
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ren Z, Zhang N, Wu Y, Ding X, Yang X, Kong Y, Xing H. Facet-controlled assembly for organizing metal-organic framework particles into extended structures. iScience 2023; 26:107867. [PMID: 37766967 PMCID: PMC10520824 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials characterized by their high porosity and chemical tailorability. To realize the full potential of synthesized MOFs, it is important to transform them from crystalline solid powders into materials with integrated morphologies and properties. One promising approach is facet-controlled assembly, which involves arranging individual crystalline MOF particles into ordered macroscale structures by carefully controlling the interactions between particles. The resulting assembled MOF structures maintain the characteristics of individual particles while also exhibiting improved properties overall. In this article, we emphasize the essential concepts of MOF assembly, highlighting the impact of building blocks, surface interactions, and Gibbs free energy on the assembly process. We systematically examine three methods of guiding facet-controlled MOF assembly, including spontaneous assembly, assembly guided by external forces, and assembly through surface modifications. Lastly, we offer outlooks on future advancements in the fabrication of MOF-based material and potential application exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwu Ren
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xue Ding
- School of Design and Art, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yuhan Kong
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Hang Xing
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yao MS, Otake KI, Koganezawa T, Ogasawara M, Asakawa H, Tsujimoto M, Xue ZQ, Li YH, Flanders NC, Wang P, Gu YF, Honma T, Kawaguchi S, Kubota Y, Kitagawa S. Growth mechanisms and anisotropic softness-dependent conductivity of orientation-controllable metal-organic framework nanofilms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305125120. [PMID: 37748051 PMCID: PMC10556592 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305125120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Conductive metal-organic frameworks (cMOFs) manifest great potential in modern electrical devices due to their porous nature and the ability to conduct charges in a regular network. cMOFs applied in electrical devices normally hybridize with other materials, especially a substrate. Therefore, the precise control of the interface between cMOF and a substrate is particularly crucial. However, the unexplored interface chemistry of cMOFs makes the controlled synthesis and advanced characterization of high-quality thin films, particularly challenging. Herein, we report the development of a simplified synthesis method to grow "face-on" and "edge-on" cMOF nanofilms on substrates, and the establishment of operando characterization methodology using atomic force microscopy and X-ray, thereby demonstrating the relationship between the soft structure of surface-mounted oriented networks and their characteristic conductive functions. As a result, crystallinity of cMOF nanofilms with a thickness down to a few nanometers is obtained, the possible growth mechanisms are proposed, and the interesting anisotropic softness-dependent conducting properties (over 2 orders of magnitude change) of the cMOF are also illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shui Yao
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Low Carbon Processes (State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems), Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ken-ichi Otake
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | | | - Moe Ogasawara
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa920-1192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Asakawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa920-1192, Japan
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa920-1192, Japan
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa920-1192, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tsujimoto
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Zi-Qian Xue
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Low Carbon Processes (State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems), Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nathan C. Flanders
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Ping Wang
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Yi-Fan Gu
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Honma
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto, Hyogo679-5198, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto, Hyogo679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kubota
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka558-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Kitagawa
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shen L, Liu W, Lu Y, Fang C, Zhang S. Superoleophilic conjugated microporous polymer nano-surfactants for realizing unprecedented fast recovery of volatile organic compounds. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4562-4570. [PMID: 37565567 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00798g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A pervaporation membrane with fast and selective permeation is key to improving the recovery efficiency of volatile organic compounds from water. Here, we synthesize a new type of nanofiller-conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) and explore their application in the recovery of organic solvents from water via pervaporation. Due to their good dispersibility in the dope solvent and compatibility with PDMS, uniform MMMs without discrete particle phases or aggregates are prepared. Interestingly, CMP nanosheets play a unique role as a nano-surfactant in enhancing both the sorption and diffusion coefficients, realizing unprecedented fast recovery of organic solvents from water. The total flux of the as-fabricated membranes can be enhanced from 74.8 to 406.2 kg μm-2 h-1 and the separation factor αethyl acetate/water is increased from 118.7 to 526.6 when using 5 wt% ethyl acetate aqueous solution as the feed at 50 °C. In addition, the CMP-incorporated PDMS membranes are also effective in recovering a wide range of organic compounds from water, including ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Quantum Information Research Center, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China
| | - Yanqiu Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Chenyi Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| | - Sui Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dong XH, Li ZG, Bian DY, Guo TM, Li ZY, Li W, He H. Drug release and solubility properties of two zeolitic metal-organic frameworks influenced by their hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12909-12917. [PMID: 37646201 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01975f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown significant potential for drug delivery applications. However, there remains a scarcity of comprehensive research addressing the influence of surface properties of MOFs on drug release kinetics and drug solubility. This study focuses on examining the influence of MOFs hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity on the controlled release and solubility of drugs. To achieve this, we prepared drug-loaded nanoparticles through in situ synthesis and created a drug-MOF co-amorphous system using the ball milling technique. Under neutral conditions, the hydrophilic MOF-based drug delivery system demonstrated a comparatively slower drug release profile than its hydrophobic counterpart. This observation suggests that the hydrophilic system holds promise in mitigating drug side effects by enabling improved control over drug release. The implementation of hydrophobic MOFs in co-amorphous systems yields a more pronounced effect on enhancing solubility compared to hydrophilic MOFs. This study offers valuable insights for achieving optimal drug release kinetics and solubility by delicately manipulating surface properties of MOFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300450, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Dong-Yan Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Qixiangtai Road 122, Tianjin, China
| | - Tian-Meng Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zi-Ying Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Hongpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300450, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hu Y, Abazari R, Sanati S, Nadafan M, Carpenter-Warren CL, Slawin AMZ, Zhou Y, Kirillov AM. A Dual-Purpose Ce(III)-Organic Framework with Amine Groups and Open Metal Sites: Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Activity and Catalytic CO 2 Fixation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:37300-37311. [PMID: 37497576 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses on the synthesis and properties of a novel multifunctional cerium(III) MOF, [Ce2(data)3(DMF)4]·DMF (data2-: 2,5-diaminoterephthalate), abbreviated as NH2-Ce-MUM-2. Its crystal structure reveals an intricate 3D 4,5-connected framework with a xah topology. This MOF features unique properties, such as open metal sites, presence of free amino groups, and high stability. Two main applications of NH2-Ce-MUM-2 were investigated: (i) as a heterogeneous catalyst in the CO2 fixation into cyclic carbonates and (ii) as a material with third-order nonlinear optical activity. As a model reaction, the cycloaddition of CO2 to propylene oxide to give the corresponding cyclic carbonate was explored under mild conditions, at the atmospheric pressure of carbon dioxide and in the absence of cocatalyst and added solvent. Various reaction parameters were investigated toward optimization and exploration of substrate scope, revealing up to 99% product yields of cyclic carbonate products. Besides, the structure of NH2-Ce-MUM-2 is highly stable, permitting its recyclability and reusability in further catalytic experiments. The significant contributions of free amino groups and open metal sites within this catalyst were particularly considered when proposing a potential mechanism for the reaction. Z-Scan measurements were used to evaluate the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of NH2-Ce-MUM-2 at various laser intensities. A high two-photon absorption (TPA) under greater incident intensities shows that NH2-Ce-MUM-2 might be applicable in optical switching devices. Besides, the self-focusing effects of NH2-Ce-MUM-2 under various incident intensities were highlighted by the nonlinear index of refraction (n2). By reporting the synthesis and characterization of a novel MOF, along with its highly promising catalytic and NLO behavior, the current study introduces an additional example of multifunctional material into a growing family of metal-organic frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316004, China
| | - Reza Abazari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Soheila Sanati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nadafan
- Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, 16788-15811, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Yingtang Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316004, China
| | - Alexander M Kirillov
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gao S, Huang Y, Tan J, Xu J, Zhao L, Zhou W, Yang Z, Sun J, Gong H. Self-Powered Infrared Photodetectors with Ultra-High Speed and Detectivity Based on Amorphous Cu-Based MOF Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37384456 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous metal-organic frameworks (aMOFs) start to challenge their crystalline equivalents due to their unique advantages, like lack of grain boundaries, isotropy, flexibility, numerous defects-induced active sites, etc. However, aMOFs are typically synthesized under rigorous conditions, and their properties and applications need to be further explored. In this work, highly transparent p-type amorphous Cu-HHTP films consisting of Cu2+ and 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) were synthesized using a simple electrostatic spinning method and identified as p-a-Cu-HHTP. Besides, a p-a-Cu-HHTP/n-Si infrared photodetector (PD) operating on a self-powered basis with ultra-high speed (response time of 40 μs) and detectivity (1.2 × 1012 Jones) has been developed, with a response time and detectivity that are record values for a MOF-based photodetector. In particular, the p-a-Cu-HHTP/n-Si PD can withstand high temperatures up to 180 °C without property change. Moreover, a flexible metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector based on p-a-Cu-HHTP is constructed, which shows excellent mechanical stability and photoresponse that remain unchanged after bending 120 times, implying its suitability for wearable optoelectronics. The new method to fabricate aMOFs, the unique p-a-Cu-HHTP, and its PDs initiated in this work opens up a new avenue in organic-inorganic hybrid optoelectronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyin Gao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yi Huang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jin Tan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Xu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hao Gong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tian YB, Li QH, Wang Z, Gu ZG, Zhang J. Coordination-Induced Symmetry Breaking on Metal-Porphyrinic Framework Thin Films for Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Limiting. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3062-3069. [PMID: 36995141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Structural asymmetry affecting the nonlinear optics (NLO) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is very important in fundamentals and applications but is still a challenge. Herein we develop a series of indium-porphyrinic framework (InTCPP) thin films and provide the first study on the coordination-induced symmetry breaking on their third-order NLO. The continuous and oriented InTCPP(H2) thin films were grown on quartz substrates and then postcoordinated with different cations (Fe2+ or Fe3+Cl-) in InTCPP(H2) (named InTCPP(Fe2+) and InTCPP(Fe3+Cl-)). The third-order NLO results reveal the Fe2+ and Fe3+Cl- coordinated InTCPP thin films have substantially enhanced NLO performance. Moreover, InTCPP(Fe3+Cl-) thin films cause symmetry breaking of microstructures, resulting in a 3-fold increase in the nonlinear absorption coefficient (up to 6.35 × 10-6 m/W) compared to InTCPP(Fe2+). This work not only develops a series of nonlinear optical MOF thin films but also provides new insight into symmetry breaking on MOFs for nonlinear optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Bo Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, P. R. China
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Qiao-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zirui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Okada K, Mashita R, Fukatsu A, Takahashi M. Polarization-dependent plasmonic heating in epitaxially grown multilayered metal-organic framework thin films embedded with Ag nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1795-1801. [PMID: 36926578 PMCID: PMC10012874 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00882c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films with various functionalities has paved the way for research into a wide variety of applications. MOF-oriented thin films can exhibit anisotropic functionality in the not only out-of-plane but also in-plane directions, making it possible to utilize MOF thin films for more sophisticated applications. However, the functionality of oriented MOF thin films has not been fully exploited, and finding novel anisotropic functionality in oriented MOF thin films should be cultivated. In the present study, we report the first demonstration of polarization-dependent plasmonic heating in a MOF oriented film embedded with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), pioneering an anisotropic optical functionality in MOF thin films. Spherical AgNPs exhibit polarization-dependent plasmon-resonance absorption (anisotropic plasmon damping) when incorporated into an anisotropic lattice of MOFs. The anisotropic plasmon resonance results in a polarization-dependent plasmonic heating behavior; the highest elevated temperature was observed in case the polarization of incident light is parallel to the crystallographic axis of the host MOF lattice favorable for the larger plasmon resonance, resulting in polarization-controlled temperature regulation. Such spatially and polarization selective plasmonic heating offered by the use of oriented MOF thin films as a host can pave the way for applications such as efficient reactivation in MOF thin film sensors, partial catalytic reactions in MOF thin film devices, and soft microrobotics in composites with thermo-responsive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Okada
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- JST, PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Risa Mashita
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Arisa Fukatsu
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ruiz Del Árbol N, Sánchez-Sánchez C, Martínez JI, Rodríguez L, Serrate D, Verdini A, Floreano L, Jacobson P, Grill L, Martín-Gago JA, López MF. On-surface synthesis of metal-organic frameworks: the critical role of the reaction conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2954-2957. [PMID: 36804728 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00185g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Two different metal-organic frameworks with either a honeycomb or Kagome structure were grown on Cu(111) using para-aminophenol molecules and native surface adatoms. Although both frameworks are made up from the same chemical species, they are structurally different emphasizing the critical role being played by the reaction conditions during their growth. This work highlights the importance of the balance between thermodynamics and kinetics in the final structure of surface-supported metal-organic networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Ruiz Del Árbol
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José I Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Serrate
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-UNIZAR, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alberto Verdini
- Laboratorio TASC, CNR-IOM, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Floreano
- Laboratorio TASC, CNR-IOM, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Peter Jacobson
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Leonhard Grill
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - José A Martín-Gago
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María F López
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|