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Lan L, Zhang H. Maneuverability and Processability of Molecular Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202411405. [PMID: 38988192 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Crystal adaptronics, a burgeoning field at the intersection of materials science and engineering, focuses on harnessing the unique properties of organic molecular crystals to achieve unprecedented levels of maneuverability and processability in various applications. Increasingly, ordered stacks of crystalline materials are being endowed with fascinating mechanical compliance changes in response to external environments. Understanding how these crystals can be manipulated and tailored for specific functions has become paramount in the pursuit of advanced materials with customizable properties. Simultaneously, the processability of organic molecular crystals plays a pivotal role in shaping their utility in real-world applications. From growth methodologies to fabrication techniques, the ability to precisely machine these crystals opens new avenues for engineering materials with enhanced functionality. These processing methods enhance the versatility of organic crystals, allowing their integration into various devices and technologies, and further expanding the potential applications. This review aims to provide a concise overview of the current landscape in the study of dynamic organic molecular crystals, with an emphasis on the interconnected themes of operability and processability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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2
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Hu J, Zheng S, Xu J, Feng R, Li T, Wang T, Zhang W, Liu W, Saleem F. Innovative Synthesis of Au Nanoparticle-Trapped Flexible Macrocrystals: Achieving Stable Black Crystal Wires with Broadband Absorption. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400871. [PMID: 39155822 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
In optical materials, the development of absorbers for a wide spectrum is a focal point of research. A pivotal challenge lies in ensuring the stability and durability of optical absorbers, particularly at elevated temperatures. This study introduces a novel approach to creating absorbers with diverse colors, focusing on the synthesis and properties of black crystal wires. In contrast to black gold nanoparticle (Au NP) precipitates, which change color within hours under similar conditions, the method involves strategically trapping Au NPs within defects during the growth of single crystals. This results in black crystal wires that not only exhibit broadband absorption but also maintain exceptional stability even under prolonged exposure to high temperatures. The method also involves the controlled synthesis of colorless and red crystal wires. As a proof of concept, these stable black Au crystal wires demonstrate superior performance in photothermal conversion applications. The methodology, derived from the crystal growth process, presents a defect template that offers a novel approach to material design. Furthermore, these unique crystals, available in various colors, hold significant promise for a range of unexplored applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Shaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Ri Feng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Weina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Faisal Saleem
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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Peng J, Zhao Y, Yang J, Liu Y. Crystal Engineering-Driven Sunlight Responsiveness and Flexible Waveguide Transmission. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7335-7341. [PMID: 38986014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, a barbituric acid derivative containing pyrene rings (DPPT) was successfully synthesized, and two types of crystals were prepared by using crystal engineering methods. Orange sheet-like crystals (DPPT-O, observed in visible light), prepared in a DCM/CH3OH solution, exhibited brittleness and weak fluorescence emission, along with sunlight-induced bending and fracturing. Red needle-like crystals (DPPT-R, also observed in visible light), synthesized in a DCM/CH3CN solution, demonstrated elastic properties, strong fluorescence emission, and excellent optical waveguide performance (with an optical loss coefficient of 0.23-0.30 dB mm-1). Single-crystal data analysis revealed that the stacking arrangement of molecules critically influenced the elasticity of the crystals, while the reaction cavity size regulated the photomechanical properties of the crystals. This study achieved effective control over sunlight responsiveness and flexible optical waveguide transmission for the first time, providing innovative insights for the application of homogeneous organic polycrystalline molecular crystals in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, TaiYuan 030032, China
| | - Yuheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, TaiYuan 030032, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, TaiYuan 030032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, TaiYuan 030032, China
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Samadder P, Naim K, Sahoo SC, Neelakandan PP. Surface coating induced room-temperature phosphorescence in flexible organic single crystals. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9258-9265. [PMID: 38903241 PMCID: PMC11186325 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01708k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Materials exhibiting room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are in high demand for signage, information encryption, sensing, and biological imaging. Due to weak spin-orbit coupling and other non-radiative processes that effectively quench the triplet excited states, RTP is sparsely observed in organic materials. Although the incorporation of a heavy atom through covalent or non-covalent modification circumvents these drawbacks, heavy-atom-containing materials are undesirable because of their deleterious side effects. Here, we designed and synthesized a new naphthalidenimine-boron complex as a coating material for the single crystals of 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone. The coated surface was observed to exhibit yellowish-green phosphorescence with ms lifetimes at ambient conditions through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Importantly, the mechanical flexibility of the single crystals was observed to be retained after coating. The fluorescence-phosphorescence dual emission was utilised for colour-tunable optical waveguiding and anti-counterfeiting applications. As organic single crystals that can sustain mechanical deformations are emerging as the next-generation materials for electronic device fabrication, the flexible RTP organic crystals showing colour-tuneable optical waveguiding could be omnipotent in electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prodipta Samadder
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali 140306 India
| | - Khalid Naim
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali 140306 India
| | | | - Prakash P Neelakandan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali 140306 India
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Yang X, Al-Handawi MB, Li L, Naumov P, Zhang H. Hybrid and composite materials of organic crystals. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2684-2696. [PMID: 38404393 PMCID: PMC10884791 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic molecular crystals have historically been viewed as delicate and fragile materials. However, recent studies have revealed that many organic crystals, especially those with high aspect ratios, can display significant flexibility, elasticity, and shape adaptability. The discovery of mechanical compliance in organic crystals has recently enabled their integration with responsive polymers and other components to create novel hybrid and composite materials. These hybrids exhibit unique structure-property relationships and synergistic effects that not only combine, but occasionally also enhance the advantages of the constituent crystals and polymers. Such organic crystal composites rapidly emerge as a promising new class of materials for diverse applications in optics, electronics, sensing, soft robotics, and beyond. While specific, mostly practical challenges remain regarding scalability and manufacturability, being endowed with both structurally ordered and disordered components, the crystal-polymer composite materials set a hitherto unexplored yet very promising platform for the next-generation adaptive devices. This Perspective provides an in-depth analysis of the state-of-the-art in design strategies, dynamic properties and applications of hybrid and composite materials centered on organic crystals. It addresses the current challenges and provides a future outlook on this emerging class of multifunctional, stimuli-responsive, and mechanically robust class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Marieh B Al-Handawi
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
- Department of Sciences and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi PO Box 38044 Abu Dhabi UAE
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
- Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi PO Box 129188 Abu Dhabi UAE
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Bul. Krste Misirkov 2 MK-1000 Skopje Macedonia
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003 USA
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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Vainauskas J, Borchers TH, Arhangelskis M, McCormick McPherson LJ, Spilfogel TS, Hamzehpoor E, Topić F, Coles SJ, Perepichka DF, Barrett CJ, Friščić T. Halogen bonding with carbon: directional assembly of non-derivatised aromatic carbon systems into robust supramolecular ladder architectures. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13031-13041. [PMID: 38023516 PMCID: PMC10664517 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04191c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon, although the central element in organic chemistry, has been traditionally neglected as a target for directional supramolecular interactions. The design of supramolecular structures involving carbon-rich molecules, such as arene hydrocarbons, has been limited almost exclusively to non-directional π-stacking, or derivatisation with heteroatoms to introduce molecular assembly recognition sites. As a result, the predictable assembly of non-derivatised, carbon-only π-systems using directional non-covalent interactions remains an unsolved fundamental challenge of solid-state supramolecular chemistry. Here, we propose and validate a different paradigm for the reliable assembly of carbon-only aromatic systems into predictable supramolecular architectures: not through non-directional π-stacking, but via specific and directional halogen bonding. We present a systematic experimental, theoretical and database study of halogen bonds to carbon-only π-systems (C-I⋯πC bonds), focusing on the synthesis and structural analysis of cocrystals with diversely-sized and -shaped non-derivatised arenes, from one-ring (benzene) to 15-ring (dicoronylene) polycyclic atomatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and fullerene C60, along with theoretical calculations and a systematic analysis of the Cambridge Structural Database. This study establishes C-I⋯πC bonds as directional interactions to arrange planar and curved carbon-only aromatic systems into predictable supramolecular motifs. In >90% of herein presented structures, the C-I⋯πC bonds to PAHs lead to a general ladder motif, in which the arenes act as the rungs and halogen bond donors as the rails, establishing a unique example of a supramolecular synthon based on carbon-only molecules. Besides fundamental importance in the solid-state and supramolecular chemistry of arenes, this synthon enables access to materials with exciting properties based on simple, non-derivatised aromatic systems, as seen from large red and blue shifts in solid-state luminescence and room-temperature phosphorescence upon cocrystallisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogirdas Vainauskas
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tristan H Borchers
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw 1 Pasteura Street Warsaw 02-093 Poland
| | - Laura J McCormick McPherson
- EPSRC National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton UK
| | - Toni S Spilfogel
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Ehsan Hamzehpoor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Filip Topić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Simon J Coles
- EPSRC National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton UK
| | - Dmytro F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Christopher J Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. H3A 0B8 Montreal Canada
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7
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Matsuo T, Kuwabara J, Kanbara T, Hayashi S. Flexible and Red-Emissive Organic Single-Crystal Microresonator for Efficient Active Waveguides. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6577-6582. [PMID: 37458725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
We fabricated a flexible and red-emissive microcrystal resonator for highly efficient optical waveguiding. The microfiber crystals of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) used in this work possess a high photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency (ΦPL = 0.45) and exhibit a micromechanical deformation shape in the curved state. The crystals show optical fringes in their PL spectra, suggesting the existence of a naturally formed Fabry-Pérot crystal resonator owing to its flat crystal surface. The group refractive index (ng) and Rabi splitting energy (ℏΩ) indicating the coupling strength between excitons and resonator photons are large (ng = 3.7-6.0, ℏΩ = 1.38 eV), suggesting the strong confinement of waveguiding photons. Spatially resolved PL measurements revealed that the PL in a crystal fiber is efficiently waveguided, even in a curved crystal with a very small curvature radius of 11 μm. Strong photon confinement inside a crystal resonator is a plausible origin of efficient optical waveguiding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Matsuo
- School of Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuwabara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Takaki Kanbara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Shotaro Hayashi
- School of Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
- Research Center for Molecular Design, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
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Yang X, Lan L, Li L, Yu J, Liu X, Tao Y, Yang QH, Naumov P, Zhang H. Collective photothermal bending of flexible organic crystals modified with MXene-polymer multilayers as optical waveguide arrays. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3627. [PMID: 37336878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of any engineering material is naturally limited by its structure, and while each material suffers from one or multiple shortcomings when considered for a particular application, these can be potentially circumvented by hybridization with other materials. By combining organic crystals with MXenes as thermal absorbers and charged polymers as adhesive counter-ionic components, we propose a simple access to flexible hybrid organic crystal materials that have the ability to mechanically respond to infrared light. The ensuing hybrid organic crystals are durable, respond fast, and can be cycled between straight and deformed state repeatedly without fatigue. The point of flexure and the curvature of the crystals can be precisely controlled by modulating the position, duration, and power of thermal excitation, and this control can be extended from individual hybrid crystals to motion of ordered two-dimensional arrays of such crystals. We also demonstrate that excitation can be achieved over very long distances (>3 m). The ability to control the shape with infrared light adds to the versatility in the anticipated applications of organic crystals, most immediately in their application as thermally controllable flexible optical waveguides for signal transmission in flexible organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Sciences and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 38044, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Jinyang Yu
- Nanoyang Group, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tao
- Nanoyang Group, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, MK‒1000, Skopje, Macedonia.
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China.
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Yang X, Lan L, Pan X, Di Q, Liu X, Li L, Naumov P, Zhang H. Bioinspired soft robots based on organic polymer-crystal hybrid materials with response to temperature and humidity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2287. [PMID: 37085510 PMCID: PMC10121608 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The capability of stimulated response by mechanical deformation to induce motion or actuation is the foundation of lightweight organic, dynamic materials for designing light and soft robots. Various biomimetic soft robots are constructed to demonstrate the vast versatility of responses and flexibility in shape-shifting. We now report that the integration of organic molecular crystals and polymers brings about synergistic improvement in the performance of both materials as a hybrid materials class, with the polymers adding hygroresponsive and thermally responsive functionalities to the crystals. The resulting hybrid dynamic elements respond within milliseconds, which represents several orders of magnitude of improvement in the time response relative to some other type of common actuators. Combining molecular crystals with polymers brings crystals as largely overlooked materials much closer to specific applications in soft (micro)robotics and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Xiuhong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Qi Di
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Department of Sciences and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 38044, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, MK‒1000, Skopje, Macedonia.
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China.
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Xu CF, Liu YP, Yu Y, Meng XY, Zong H, Lv Q, Xia XY, Wang XD, Liao LS. Two-Dimensional Optical Waveguides at Telecom Wavelengths Based on Organic Single-Crystal Microsheets of a Charge Transfer Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3047-3056. [PMID: 36946651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic charge transfer (CT) cocrystals open a new door for the exploitation of low-dimensional near-infrared (NIR) emitters by a convenient self-assembly approach. However, research about the fabrication of sheet-like NIR-emitting microstructures that are significant for structural construction and integrated application is limited by the unidirectional molecular packing mode. Herein, via regulation of the biaxial intermolecular CT interaction, single-crystalline microsheets with remarkable NIR emission from 720 to 960 nm were synthesized via the solution self-assembly process of dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane. The expected sheet-like structure is conducive to achieving a two-dimensional (2D) optical waveguide with an ultralow optical loss rate of 0.250 dB/μm at 860 nm. More significantly, these as-prepared organic microsheets with tunable thicknesses (h) from 100 to 1100 nm exhibit thickness-dependent NIR optical transportation performance. These findings could pave the way to a new class of low-dimensional NIR emitters for 2D photonics at telecom wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Fei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yue Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yu Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, China
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