1
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Shi J, Peng SQ, Kuang B, Wang S, Liu Y, Zhou JX, Li X, Huang MH. Porous Polypyrrolidines for Highly Efficient Recovery of Precious Metals through Reductive Adsorption Mechanism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405731. [PMID: 38857110 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The recycling and utilization of precious metals have emerged as a critical research focus in advancing the development of the circular economy. Among numerous methods for recovering precious metals such as gold, adsorbents with both high adsorption selectivity and capacity have become key technologies. This article incorporated the N-phenylpyrrolidine into a flexible porous polynorbornene backbone to create a class of distinctive porous organic polymers, named BIT-POP-14-BIT-POP-17. Through a reductive capture mechanism, the reductive adsorption sites of N-phenylpyrrolidine coordinate selectively with precious metals, the reduced metal is captured by the hierarchically porous polymers with flexible backbone. This approach leads to remarkable gold recovery efficiency, achieving a record of 2321 mg g-1 at ambient conditions, and 3020 mg g-1 under UV light, surpassing the theoretical limit. The porous polymers are filled in a column for a continuous uptake of gold from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs), showing recovery efficiency toward gold as high as 95% after 84 h. Overall, this work offers a new perspective on designing novel adsorbents for precious metal recovery, providing inspiration for researchers to explore novel adsorption modes and contribute to the advancement of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shan-Qing Peng
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Boya Kuang
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuifeng Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiegouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jin-Xiu Zhou
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mu-Hua Huang
- Experimental Center for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
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2
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O'Connell-Danes JG, Ngwenya BT, Morrison CA, Love JB. Challenges and Applications of Supramolecular Metalate Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202409834. [PMID: 39022891 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
While the supramolecular chemistry of simple anions is ubiquitous, the targeting and exploitation of their metal-containing relatives, the metalates, is less well understood. This mini review highlights the latest advances in this emergent area by discussing the supramolecular chemistry of metalates thematically, with a focus on the exploitation of metalates in a diversity of applications, including medical imaging and therapy, environmental remediation, molecular magnetism, catalysis, perovskite materials, and metal separations. The unifying features of these systems are identified with a view to allow the supramolecular chemist to target the unique material properties of the metalates, even in areas that are currently relatively immature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryne T Ngwenya
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE, UK
| | - Carole A Morrison
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Jason B Love
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
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Huang Y, Yu Y, Hu R, Tang BZ. Multicomponent Polymerizations of Elemental Sulfur, CH 2Cl 2, and Aromatic Amines toward Chemically Recyclable Functional Aromatic Polythioureas. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14685-14696. [PMID: 38717074 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of new polymer materials required the development of efficient, economic, robust, and scalable synthetic routes, taking energy consumption, environmental benefit, and sustainability into overall consideration. Herein, through retro-polymerization analysis of functional aromatic polythioureas, a multicomponent reaction of elemental sulfur, CH2Cl2, and aromatic amines was designed with the assistance of fluoride, and efficient, economic, and robust multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) of these three abundantly available cheap monomers, elemental sulfur, CH2Cl2, and aromatic diamines, were developed to realize scalable conversion directly from sulfur to a series of functional aromatic polythioureas with high molecular weights (Mn up to 50,800 g/mol) in excellent yields (up to 98%). The synergistic cooperation of the strong and selective coordination of thiourea with gold ions and the redox property of aromatic polythiourea enable in situ reduction of Au3+ to elemental gold under a normal bench condition. Furthermore, the functional aromatic polythiourea could be chemically recycled through aminolysis with NH3·H2O to afford a diamine monomer in 83% isolated yield. The development of elemental sulfur-based MCP has brought the opportunity to access cost-effective and sustainable sulfur-containing functional polymer materials, which is anticipated to provide a solution for the utilization of sulfur waste and making profitable polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yongjiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
- AIE Institute, Guangzhou 510530, China
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Vance SM, Mojsak M, Kinsman LMM, Rae R, Kirk C, Love JB, Morrison CA. Selective Gold Precipitation by a Tertiary Diamide Driven by Thermodynamic Control. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9332-9345. [PMID: 38722710 PMCID: PMC11110006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The simple diamide ligand L was previously shown to selectively precipitate gold from acidic solutions typical of e-waste leach streams, with precipitation of gallium, iron, tin, and platinum possible under more forcing conditions. Herein, we report direct competition experiments to afford the order of selectivity. Thermal analysis indicates that the gold-, gallium-, and iron-containing precipitates present as the most thermodynamically stable structures at room temperature, while the tin-containing structure does not. Computational modeling established that the precipitation process is thermodynamically driven, with ion exchange calculations matching the observed experimental selectivity ordering. Calculations also show that the stretched ligand conformation seen in the X-ray crystal structure of the gold-containing precipitate is more strained than in the structures of the other metal precipitates, indicating that intermolecular interactions likely dictate the selectivity ordering. This was confirmed through a combination of Hirshfeld, noncovalent interaction (NCI), and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses, which highlight favorable halogen···halogen contacts between metalates and pseudo-anagostic C-H···metal interactions in the crystal structure of the gold-containing precipitate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna
S. M. Vance
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mateusz Mojsak
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Luke M. M. Kinsman
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Rae
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Kirk
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason B. Love
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Carole A. Morrison
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
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Ahmad M, Naik MUD, Tariq MR, Khan I, Zhang L, Zhang B. Advances in natural polysaccharides for gold recovery from e-waste: Recent developments in preparation with structural features. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129688. [PMID: 38280695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for gold because of its high market price and its wide use in the electronic industry has attracted interest in gold recovery from electronic waste (e-waste). Gold is being dumped as solid e-waste which contains gold concentrations ten times higher than gold ores. Adsorption is a widely used approach for extracting gold from e-waste due to its simplicity, low cost, high efficiency, and reusability of adsorbent material. Natural polysaccharides received increased attention due to their natural abundance, multi-functionality, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. In this review, a brief history, and advancements in this technology were evaluated with recent developments in the preparation and mechanism advancements of natural polysaccharides for efficient gold recovery. Moreover, we have discussed some bifunctional modified polysaccharides with detailed gold adsorption mechanisms. The modified adsorbent materials developed from polysaccharides coupled with inorganic/organic functional groups would demonstrate an efficient technology for the development of new bio-based materials for efficient gold recovery from e-waste. Also, future views are recommended for highlighting the direction to achieve fast and effective gold recovery from e-waste in a friendly and sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Ahmad
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China; Xian Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, China
| | - Mehraj Ud-Din Naik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Tariq
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China
| | - Idrees Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China
| | - Baoliang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China; Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center for Functional Polymers on Adsorption and Separation, Sunresins New Materials Co. Ltd., Xi'an 710072, China.
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Chvojka M, Madea D, Valkenier H, Šindelář V. Tuning CH Hydrogen Bond-Based Receptors toward Picomolar Anion Affinity via the Inductive Effect of Distant Substituents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202318261. [PMID: 38063265 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by nature, artificial hydrogen bond-based anion receptors have been developed to achieve high anion selectivity; however, their binding affinity is usually low. The potency of these receptors is usually increased by the introduction of aryl substituents, which withdraw electrons from their binding site through the resonance effect. Here, we show that the polarization of the C(sp3 )-H binding site of bambusuril receptors, and thus their potency to bind anions, can be modulated by the inductive effect. The presence of electron-withdrawing groups on benzyl substituents of bambusurils significantly increases their binding affinities to halides, resulting in the strongest iodide receptor reported to date with an association constant greater than 1013 M-1 in acetonitrile. A Hammett plot showed that while the bambusuril affinity toward halides linearly increases with the electron-withdrawing power of their substituents, their binding selectivity remains essentially unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matúš Chvojka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, École polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominik Madea
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, École polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vladimír Šindelář
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Qiang Y, Gao S, Zhang Y, Wang S, Chen L, Mu L, Fang H, Jiang J, Lei X. Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide Membranes Revealed Selective Adsorption of Gold Ions from Mixed Ionic Solutions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12239. [PMID: 37569614 PMCID: PMC10418702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The recovery of gold from water is an important research area. Recent reports have highlighted the ultrahigh capacity and selective extraction of gold from electronic waste using reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Here, we made a further attempt with the thermal rGO membranes and found that the thermal rGO membranes also had a similarly high adsorption efficiency (1.79 g gold per gram of rGO membranes at 1000 ppm). Furthermore, we paid special attention to the detailed selectivity between Au3+ and other ions by rGO membranes. The maximum adsorption capacity for Au3+ ions was about 16 times that of Cu2+ ions and 10 times that of Fe3+ ions in a mixture solution with equal proportions of Au3+/Cu2+ and Au3+/Fe3+. In a mixed-ion solution containing Au3+:Cu2+:Na+:Fe3+:Mg2+ of printed circuit board (PCB), the mass of Au3+:Cu2+:Na+:Fe3+:Mg2+ in rGO membranes is four orders of magnitude higher than the initial mass ratio. A theoretical analysis indicates that this selectivity may be attributed to the difference in the adsorption energy between the metal ions and the rGO membrane. The results are conducive to the usage of rGO membranes as adsorbents for Au capture from secondary metal resources in the industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiang
- School of Physics and School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (H.F.)
| | - Siyan Gao
- School of Physics and School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (H.F.)
| | - Yueyu Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China; (Y.Z.); (L.M.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Physics and School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (H.F.)
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Liuhua Mu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China; (Y.Z.); (L.M.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics and School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (H.F.)
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Xiaoling Lei
- School of Physics and School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (Y.Q.); (S.G.); (S.W.); (H.F.)
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Ponchel A, Monflier E. Application of cyclodextrins as second-sphere coordination ligands for gold recovery. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1283. [PMID: 36894552 PMCID: PMC9998855 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36700-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ponchel
- Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-62300, Lens, France
| | - Eric Monflier
- Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), F-62300, Lens, France.
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