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Wang R, Khatpe AS, Kumar B, Mang HE, Batic K, Adebayo AK, Nakshatri H. Mutant RAS-driven Secretome Causes Skeletal Muscle Defects in Breast Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1282-1295. [PMID: 38651826 PMCID: PMC11094532 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-induced skeletal muscle defects differ in severity between individuals with the same cancer type. Cancer subtype-specific genomic aberrations are suggested to mediate these differences, but experimental validation studies are very limited. We utilized three different breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to correlate cancer subtype with skeletal muscle defects. PDXs were derived from brain metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), estrogen receptor-positive/progesterone receptor-positive (ER+/PR+) primary breast cancer from a BRCA2-mutation carrier, and pleural effusion from an ER+/PR- breast cancer. While impaired skeletal muscle function as measured through rotarod performance and reduced levels of circulating and/or skeletal muscle miR-486 were common across all three PDXs, only TNBC-derived PDX activated phospho-p38 in skeletal muscle. To further extend these results, we generated transformed variants of human primary breast epithelial cells from healthy donors using HRASG12V or PIK3CAH1047R mutant oncogenes. Mutations in RAS oncogene or its modulators are found in approximately 37% of metastatic breast cancers, which is often associated with skeletal muscle defects. Although cells transformed with both oncogenes generated adenocarcinomas in NSG mice, only HRASG12V-derived tumors caused skeletal muscle defects affecting rotarod performance, skeletal muscle contraction force, and miR-486, Pax7, pAKT, and p53 levels in skeletal muscle. Circulating levels of the chemokine CXCL1 were elevated only in animals with tumors containing HRASG12V mutation. Because RAS pathway aberrations are found in 19% of cancers, evaluating skeletal muscle defects in the context of genomic aberrations in cancers, particularly RAS pathway mutations, may accelerate development of therapeutic modalities to overcome cancer-induced systemic effects. SIGNIFICANCE Mutant RAS- and PIK3CA-driven breast cancers distinctly affect the function of skeletal muscle. Therefore, research and therapeutic targeting of cancer-induced systemic effects need to take aberrant cancer genome into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhong Wang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Aditi S. Khatpe
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Henry Elmer Mang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Katie Batic
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Adedeji K. Adebayo
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Clayton SA, Mizener AD, Whetsell M, Rentz LE, Meadows E, Geldenhuys W, Pistilli EE. Preclinical Multi-Omic Assessment of Pioglitazone in Skeletal Muscles of Mice Implanted with Human HER2/neu Overexpressing Breast Cancer Xenografts. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.15.589557. [PMID: 38659807 PMCID: PMC11042380 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer worldwide and is accompanied by fatigue during both active disease and remission in the majority of cases. Our lab has measured fatigue in isolated muscles from treatment-naive BC patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (BC-PDOX) mice. Here, we conducted a preclinical trial of pioglitazone in BC-PDOX mice to determine its efficacy in ameliorating BC-induced muscle fatigue, as well as its effects on transcriptomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic profiles in skeletal muscle. Methods The pioglitazone and vehicle groups were treated orally for 4 weeks upon reaching a tumor volume of 600 mm3. Whole-animal indirect calorimetry was used to evaluate systemic metabolic states. The transcriptome was profiled using short-read bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to profile the metabolome and lipidome. Fast and slow skeletal muscle function were evaluated using isolated ex vivo testing. Results Pioglitazone was associated with a significant overall decrease in metabolic rate, with no changes in substrate utilization. RNA-seq supported the downstream effects of pioglitazone on target genes and displayed considerable upregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetic pathways. Skeletal muscle metabolomic and lipidomic profiles exhibited dysregulation in response to BC, which was partially restored in pioglitazone-treated mice compared to vehicle-treated BC-PDOX mice. Despite molecular support for pioglitazone's efficacy, isolated muscle function was not affected by pioglitazone treatment. Conclusions BC induces multi-omic dysregulation in skeletal muscle, which pioglitazone partially ameliorates. Future research should focus on profiling systemic metabolic dysfunction, identifying molecular biomarkers of fatigue, and testing alternative pioglitazone treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A. Clayton
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26505
| | - Alan D. Mizener
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Marcella Whetsell
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26505
| | - Lauren E. Rentz
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26505
| | - Ethan Meadows
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26505
| | - Werner Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Emidio E. Pistilli
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26505
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506
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Ruan X, Cao M, Yan W, Jones YZ, Gustafsson ÅB, Patel HH, Schenk S, Wang SE. Cancer-cell-secreted extracellular vesicles target p53 to impair mitochondrial function in muscle. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56464. [PMID: 37439436 PMCID: PMC10481655 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle loss and weakness are associated with bad prognosis and poorer quality of life in cancer patients. Tumor-derived factors have been implicated in muscle dysregulation by inducing cachexia and apoptosis. Here, we show that extracellular vesicles secreted by breast cancer cells impair mitochondrial homeostasis and function in skeletal muscle, leading to decreased mitochondrial content and energy production and increased oxidative stress. Mechanistically, miR-122-5p in cancer-cell-secreted EVs is transferred to myocytes, where it targets the tumor suppressor TP53 to decrease the expression of TP53 target genes involved in mitochondrial regulation, including Tfam, Pgc-1α, Sco2, and 16S rRNA. Restoration of Tp53 in muscle abolishes mitochondrial myopathology in mice carrying breast tumors and partially rescues their impaired running capacity without significantly affecting muscle mass. We conclude that extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cells mediate skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer and may contribute to muscle weakness in some cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Ruan
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Ying Z Jones
- Department of Cellular & Molecular MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Åsa B Gustafsson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCAUSA
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Shizhen Emily Wang
- Department of PathologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
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4
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Paez HG, Ferrandi PJ, Pitzer CR, Mohamed JS, Alway SE. Loss of NOR-1 represses muscle metabolism through mTORC1-mediated signaling and mitochondrial gene expression in C2C12 myotubes. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23050. [PMID: 37389860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202202029r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression of the NR4A nuclear orphan receptor NOR-1 is reduced in obesity and in human skeletal muscle during disuse. It has been well established that NOR-1 is highly responsive to both aerobic and resistance exercise and NOR-1 overexpression is coincident with a plethora of metabolic benefits. However, it is unclear whether loss of NOR-1 contributes to inappropriate metabolic signaling in skeletal muscle that could lead to insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of NOR-1 deficiency on C2C12 metabolic signaling. Changes in gene expression after siRNA-mediated NOR-1 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes were determined by qPCR and bioinformatic analysis of RNA-Seq data. Our RNA-Seq data identified several metabolic targets regulated by NOR-1 and implicates NOR-1 as a modulator of mTORC1 signaling via Akt-independent mechanisms. Furthermore, pathway analysis revealed NOR-1 knockdown perturbs the insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity pathways. Taken together, these data suggest skeletal muscle NOR-1 deficiency may contribute to altered metabolic signaling that is consistent with metabolic disease. We postulate that strategies that improve NOR-1 may be important to offset the negative impact that inactivity, obesity, and type 2 diabetes have on mitochondria and muscle metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector G Paez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peter J Ferrandi
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle and Nerve, Department of Diagnostic and Health Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher R Pitzer
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Junaith S Mohamed
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle and Nerve, Department of Diagnostic and Health Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stephen E Alway
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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5
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Rentz LE, Whetsell MA, Clayton SA, Mizener AD, Holásková I, Chapa MG, Hoblitzell EH, Eubank TD, Pistilli EE. Sexual Dimorphism of Skeletal Muscle in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer: A Functional and Molecular Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11669. [PMID: 37511427 PMCID: PMC10380440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer incidence in men is statistically rare; however, given the lack of screening in males, more advanced stages at initial diagnosis result in lower 5-year survival rates for men with breast cancer compared to women. A sexual dimorphism, with respect to the effect of tumor growth on cachexia incidence and severity, has also been reported across cancer types. The purpose of this study was to examine the sexual dimorphism of breast cancer as it pertains to skeletal muscle function and molecular composition. Using female and male transgenic PyMT mice, we tested the hypothesis that the isometric contractile properties and molecular composition of skeletal muscle would be differentially affected by breast tumors. PyMT tumor-bearing mice of each sex, corresponding to maximal tumor burden, were compared to their respective controls. RNA sequencing of skeletal muscle revealed different pathway alterations that were exclusive to each sex. Further, differentially expressed genes and pathways were substantially more abundant in female tumor mice, with only minimal dysregulation in male tumor mice, each compared to their respective controls. These differences in the transcriptome were mirrored in isometric contractile properties, with greater tumor-induced dysfunction in females than male mice, as well as muscle wasting. Collectively, these data support the concept of sexually dimorphic responses to cancer in skeletal muscle and suggest that these responses may be associated with the clinical differences in breast cancer between the sexes. The identified sex-dependent pathways within the muscle of male and female mice provide a framework to evaluate therapeutic strategies targeting tumor-associated skeletal muscle alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Rentz
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (L.E.R.); (M.A.W.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Marcella A. Whetsell
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (L.E.R.); (M.A.W.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Stuart A. Clayton
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (L.E.R.); (M.A.W.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Alan D. Mizener
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (A.D.M.); (M.G.C.); (T.D.E.)
| | - Ida Holásková
- Office of Statistics, West Virginia Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Matthew G. Chapa
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (A.D.M.); (M.G.C.); (T.D.E.)
| | - Emily H. Hoblitzell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Timothy D. Eubank
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (A.D.M.); (M.G.C.); (T.D.E.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Emidio E. Pistilli
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (L.E.R.); (M.A.W.); (S.A.C.)
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (A.D.M.); (M.G.C.); (T.D.E.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
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Aslebagh R, Whitham D, Channaveerappa D, Lowe J, Pentecost BT, Arcaro KF, Darie CC. Proteomics analysis of human breast milk by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) coupled with mass spectrometry to assess breast cancer risk. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1097-1113. [PMID: 36971330 PMCID: PMC10522790 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers and one of the most common causes for cancer-related mortality. Discovery of protein biomarkers associated with cancer is considered important for early diagnosis and prediction of the cancer risk. Protein biomarkers could be investigated by large-scale protein investigation or proteomics, using mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques. Our group applies MS-based proteomics to study the protein pattern in human breast milk from women with BC and controls and investigates the alterations and dysregulations of breast milk proteins in comparison pairs of BC versus control. These dysregulated proteins might be considered potential future biomarkers of BC. Identification of potential biomarkers in breast milk may benefit young women without BC, but who could collect the milk for future assessment of BC risk. Previously we identified several dysregulated proteins in different sets of human breast milk samples from BC patients and controls using gel-based protein separation coupled with MS. Here, we performed 2D-PAGE coupled with nano-liquid chromatography-tandem MS (nanoLC-MS/MS) in a small-scale study on a set of six human breast milk pairs (three BC samples vs. three controls) and we identified several dysregulated proteins that have potential roles in cancer progression and might be considered potential BC biomarkers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Aslebagh
- Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA
| | - Devika Channaveerappa
- Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA
| | - James Lowe
- Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA
| | - Brian T Pentecost
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen F Arcaro
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA
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7
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Rentz LE, Whetsell M, Clayton SA, Mizener AD, Holásková I, Chapa MG, Hoblitzell EH, Eubank TD, Pistilli EE. Sexual Dimorphism of Skeletal Muscle in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer: A Functional and Molecular Analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.07.544049. [PMID: 37362158 PMCID: PMC10288531 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.07.544049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer incidence in men is statistically rare; however, given the lack of screening in males, more advanced stages at initial diagnosis results in lower 5-year survival rates for men with breast cancer compared to women. A sexual dimorphism, with respect to the effect of tumor growth on cachexia incidence and severity, has also been reported across cancer types. The purpose of this study was to examine the sexual dimorphism of breast cancer as it pertains to skeletal muscle function and molecular composition. Using female and male transgenic PyMT mice, we tested the hypothesis that isometric contractile properties and molecular composition of skeletal muscle would be differentially affected by breast tumors. PyMT tumor-bearing mice of each sex, corresponding to maximal tumor burden, were compared to their respective controls. RNA-sequencing of skeletal muscle revealed different pathway alterations that were exclusive to each sex. Further, differentially expressed genes and pathways were substantially more abundant in female tumor mice, with only minimal dysregulation in male tumor mice, each compared to their respective controls. These differences in the transcriptome were mirrored in isometric contractile properties, with greater tumor-induced dysfunction in females than male mice, as well as muscle wasting. Collectively, these data support the concept of sexually dimorphic responses to cancer in skeletal muscle and suggest these responses may be associated with the clinical differences in breast cancer between the sexes. The identified sex-dependent pathways within muscle of male and female mice provide a framework to evaluate therapeutic strategies targeting tumor-associated skeletal muscle alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Rentz
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Marcella Whetsell
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Stuart A. Clayton
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Alan D. Mizener
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Ida Holásková
- Office of Statistics, West Virginia Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Matthew G. Chapa
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - E. Hannah Hoblitzell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Timothy D. Eubank
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
| | - Emidio E. Pistilli
- Division of Exercise Physiology, Department of Human Performance, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506
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Wang R, Kumar B, Bhat-Nakshatri P, Khatpe AS, Murphy MP, Wanczyk KE, Simpson E, Chen D, Gao H, Liu Y, Doud EH, Mosley AL, Nakshatri H. A human skeletal muscle stem/myotube model reveals multiple signaling targets of cancer secretome in skeletal muscle. iScience 2023; 26:106541. [PMID: 37102148 PMCID: PMC10123345 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction or reprogramming due to the effects of the cancer secretome is observed in multiple malignancies. Although mouse models are routinely used to study skeletal muscle defects in cancer, because of species specificity of certain cytokines/chemokines in the secretome, a human model system is required. Here, we establish simplified multiple skeletal muscle stem cell lines (hMuSCs), which can be differentiated into myotubes. Using single nuclei ATAC-seq (snATAC-seq) and RNA-seq (snRNA-seq), we document chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic changes associated with the transition of hMuSCs to myotubes. Cancer secretome accelerated stem to myotube differentiation, altered the alternative splicing machinery and increased inflammatory, glucocorticoid receptor, and wound healing pathways in hMuSCs. Additionally, cancer secretome reduced metabolic and survival pathway associated miR-486, AKT, and p53 signaling in hMuSCs. hMuSCs underwent myotube differentiation when engrafted into NSG mice and thus providing a humanized in vivo skeletal muscle model system to study cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhong Wang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Aditi S. Khatpe
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- VA Roudebush Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kristen E. Wanczyk
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- VA Roudebush Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Edward Simpson
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Duojiao Chen
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hongyu Gao
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Emma H. Doud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amber L. Mosley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- VA Roudebush Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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9
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Chen Y, Liu S, Papageorgiou LG, Theofilatos K, Tsoka S. Optimisation Models for Pathway Activity Inference in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1787. [PMID: 36980673 PMCID: PMC10046797 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With advances in high-throughput technologies, there has been an enormous increase in data related to profiling the activity of molecules in disease. While such data provide more comprehensive information on cellular actions, their large volume and complexity pose difficulty in accurate classification of disease phenotypes. Therefore, novel modelling methods that can improve accuracy while offering interpretable means of analysis are required. Biological pathways can be used to incorporate a priori knowledge of biological interactions to decrease data dimensionality and increase the biological interpretability of machine learning models. METHODOLOGY A mathematical optimisation model is proposed for pathway activity inference towards precise disease phenotype prediction and is applied to RNA-Seq datasets. The model is based on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) mathematical optimisation principles and infers pathway activity as the linear combination of pathway member gene expression, multiplying expression values with model-determined gene weights that are optimised to maximise discrimination of phenotype classes and minimise incorrect sample allocation. RESULTS The model is evaluated on the transcriptome of breast and colorectal cancer, and exhibits solution results of good optimality as well as good prediction performance on related cancer subtypes. Two baseline pathway activity inference methods and three advanced methods are used for comparison. Sample prediction accuracy, robustness against noise expression data, and survival analysis suggest competitive prediction performance of our model while providing interpretability and insight on key pathways and genes. Overall, our work demonstrates that the flexible nature of mathematical programming lends itself well to developing efficient computational strategies for pathway activity inference and disease subtype prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongnan Chen
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, King's College London, Bush House, London WC2B 4BG, UK
| | - Songsong Liu
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lazaros G Papageorgiou
- The Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Konstantinos Theofilatos
- King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sophia Tsoka
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, King's College London, Bush House, London WC2B 4BG, UK
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10
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Mader T, Chaillou T, Alves ES, Jude B, Cheng AJ, Kenne E, Mijwel S, Kurzejamska E, Vincent CT, Rundqvist H, Lanner JT. Exercise reduces intramuscular stress and counteracts muscle weakness in mice with breast cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1151-1163. [PMID: 35170227 PMCID: PMC8978016 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with breast cancer exhibit muscle weakness, which is associated with increased mortality risk and reduced quality of life. Muscle weakness is experienced even in the absence of loss of muscle mass in breast cancer patients, indicating intrinsic muscle dysfunction. Physical activity is correlated with reduced cancer mortality and disease recurrence. However, the molecular processes underlying breast cancer-induced muscle weakness and the beneficial effect of exercise are largely unknown. METHODS Eight-week-old breast cancer (MMTV-PyMT, PyMT) and control (WT) mice had access to active or inactive in-cage voluntary running wheels for 4 weeks. Mice were also subjected to a treadmill test. Muscle force was measured ex vivo. Tumour markers were determined with immunohistochemistry. Mitochondrial biogenesis and function were assessed with transcriptional analyses of PGC-1α, the electron transport chain (ETC) and antioxidants superoxide dismutase (Sod) and catalase (Cat), combined with activity measurements of SOD, citrate synthase (CS) and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (βHAD). Serum and intramuscular stress levels were evaluated by enzymatic assays, immunoblotting, and transcriptional analyses of, for example, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling. RESULTS PyMT mice endured shorter time and distance during the treadmill test (~30%, P < 0.05) and ex vivo force measurements revealed ~25% weaker slow-twitch soleus muscle (P < 0.001). This was independent of cancer-induced alteration of muscle size or fibre type. Inflammatory stressors in serum and muscle, including TNF-α and p38 MAPK, were higher in PyMT than in WT mice (P < 0.05). Cancer-induced decreases in ETC (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and antioxidant gene expression were observed (P < 0.05). The exercise intervention counteracted the cancer-induced muscle weakness and was accompanied by a less aggressive, differentiated tumour phenotype, determined by increased CK8 and reduced CK14 expression (P < 0.05). In PyMT mice, the exercise intervention led to higher CS activity (P = 0.23), enhanced β-HAD and SOD activities (P < 0.05), and reduced levels of intramuscular stressors together with a normalization of the expression signature of TNFα-targets and ETC genes (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). At the same time, the exercise-induced PGC-1α expression, and CS and β-HAD activity was blunted in muscle from the PyMT mice as compared with WT mice, indicative that breast cancer interfere with transcriptional programming of mitochondria and that the molecular adaptation to exercise differs between healthy mice and those afflicted by disease. CONCLUSIONS Four-week voluntary wheel running counteracted muscle weakness in PyMT mice which was accompanied by reduced intrinsic stress and improved mitochondrial and antioxidant profiles and activities that aligned with muscles of healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Mader
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Chaillou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Estela Santos Alves
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baptiste Jude
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.,Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health Toronto, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ellinor Kenne
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Mijwel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ewa Kurzejamska
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clara Theresa Vincent
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helene Rundqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Buss LA, Hock B, Merry TL, Ang AD, Robinson BA, Currie MJ, Dachs GU. Effect of immune modulation on the skeletal muscle mitochondrial exercise response: An exploratory study in mice with cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258831. [PMID: 34665826 PMCID: PMC8525738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer causes mitochondrial alterations in skeletal muscle, which may progress to muscle wasting and, ultimately, to cancer cachexia. Understanding how exercise adaptations are altered by cancer and cancer treatment is important for the effective design of exercise interventions aimed at improving cancer outcomes. We conducted an exploratory study to investigate how tumor burden and cancer immunotherapy treatment (anti-PD-1) modify the skeletal muscle mitochondrial response to exercise training in mice with transplantable tumors (B16-F10 melanoma and EO771 breast cancer). Mice remained sedentary or were provided with running wheels for ~19 days immediately following tumor implant while receiving no treatment (Untreated), isotype control antibody (IgG2a) or anti-PD-1. Exercise and anti-PD-1 did not alter the growth rate of either tumor type, either alone or in combination therapy. Untreated mice with B16-F10 tumors showed increases in most measured markers of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content following exercise training, as did anti-PD-1-treated mice, suggesting increased mitochondrial content following exercise training in these groups. However, mice with B16-F10 tumors receiving the isotype control antibody did not exhibit increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial content following exercise. In untreated mice with EO771 tumors, only citrate synthase activity and complex IV activity were increased following exercise. In contrast, IgG2a and anti-PD-1-treated groups both showed robust increases in most measured markers following exercise. These results indicate that in mice with B16-F10 tumors, IgG2a administration prevents exercise adaptation of skeletal muscle mitochondria, but adaptation remains intact in mice receiving anti-PD-1. In mice with EO771 tumors, both IgG2a and anti-PD-1-treated mice show robust skeletal muscle mitochondrial exercise responses, while untreated mice do not. Taken together, we postulate that immune modulation may enhance skeletal muscle mitochondrial response to exercise in tumor-bearing mice, and suggest this as an exciting new avenue for future research in exercise oncology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Citrate (si)-Synthase/metabolism
- Electron Transport Complex IV/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immunoglobulin G/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin G/pharmacology
- Immunotherapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods
- Random Allocation
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A. Buss
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Barry Hock
- Hematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Troy L. Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Abel D. Ang
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Bridget A. Robinson
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Canterbury Regional Cancer and Hematology Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Margaret J. Currie
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabi U. Dachs
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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12
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de Miranda FS, Guimarães JPT, Menikdiwela KR, Mabry B, Dhakal R, Rahman RL, Moussa H, Moustaid-Moussa N. Breast cancer and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS): Therapeutic approaches and related metabolic diseases. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 528:111245. [PMID: 33753205 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is classically recognized for regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. Recently, this role has extended to other areas including inflammation, obesity, diabetes, as well as breast cancer. RAS components are expressed in normal and cancerous breast tissues, and downregulation of RAS inhibits metastasis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and desmoplasia in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, RAS inhibitors (Angiotensin receptor blockers, ARBs, or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ACE-I) may be beneficial as preventive adjuvant therapies to thwart breast cancer development and improve outcomes, respectively. Given the beneficial effects of RAS inhibitors in metabolic diseases, which often co-exist in breast cancer patients, combining RAS inhibitors with other breast cancer therapies may enhance the effectiveness of current treatments. This review scrutinizes above associations, to advance our understanding of the role of RAS in breast cancer and its potential for repurposing of RAS inhibitors to improve the therapeutic approach for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Sardela de Miranda
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics, Inflammation and Obesity Research, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA; Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - João Pedro Tôrres Guimarães
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics, Inflammation and Obesity Research, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA; Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (ICB/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (FCF/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kalhara R Menikdiwela
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics, Inflammation and Obesity Research, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA; Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Brennan Mabry
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics, Inflammation and Obesity Research, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rabin Dhakal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rakhshanda Layeequr Rahman
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Hanna Moussa
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics, Inflammation and Obesity Research, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University (TTU), Lubbock, TX, USA; Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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13
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Exercise-A Panacea of Metabolic Dysregulation in Cancer: Physiological and Molecular Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073469. [PMID: 33801684 PMCID: PMC8037630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is a comorbidity of many types of cancers. Disruption of glucose metabolism is of concern, as it is associated with higher cancer recurrence rates and reduced survival. Current evidence suggests many health benefits from exercise during and after cancer treatment, yet only a limited number of studies have addressed the effect of exercise on cancer-associated disruption of metabolism. In this review, we draw on studies in cells, rodents, and humans to describe the metabolic dysfunctions observed in cancer and the tissues involved. We discuss how the known effects of acute exercise and exercise training observed in healthy subjects could have a positive outcome on mechanisms in people with cancer, namely: insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and cachexia. Finally, we compile the current limited knowledge of how exercise corrects metabolic control in cancer and identify unanswered questions for future research.
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14
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Wilson HE, Stanton DA, Rellick S, Geldenhuys W, Pistilli EE. Breast cancer-associated skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation is reversed by PPARG. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C577-C590. [PMID: 33439777 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00264.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been previously implicated in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle dysfunction in women with breast cancer (BC) and animal models of BC. This study investigated alterations induced in skeletal muscle by BC-derived factors in an in vitro conditioned media (CM) system and tested the hypothesis that BC cells secrete a factor that represses PPAR-γ (PPARG) expression and its transcriptional activity, leading to downregulation of PPARG target genes involved in mitochondrial function and other metabolic pathways. We found that BC-derived factors repress PPAR-mediated transcriptional activity without altering protein expression of PPARG. Furthermore, we show that BC-derived factors induce significant alterations in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and lipid accumulation, which are rescued with exogenous expression of PPARG. The PPARG agonist drug rosiglitazone was able to rescue BC-induced lipid accumulation but did not rescue effects of BC-derived factors on PPAR-mediated transcription or mitochondrial function. These data suggest that BC-derived factors alter lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function via different mechanisms that are both related to PPARG signaling, with mitochondrial dysfunction likely being altered via repression of PPAR-mediated transcription, and lipid accumulation being altered via transcription-independent functions of PPARG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Wilson
- MD/PhD Medical Scientist Program, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.,Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - David A Stanton
- Department of Human Performance, Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Stephanie Rellick
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Werner Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Emidio E Pistilli
- Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.,Department of Human Performance, Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.,West Virginia Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
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15
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Radiogenomic signatures reveal multiscale intratumour heterogeneity associated with biological functions and survival in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4861. [PMID: 32978398 PMCID: PMC7519071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced tumours are often heterogeneous, consisting of subclones with various genetic alterations and functional roles. The precise molecular features that characterize the contributions of multiscale intratumour heterogeneity to malignant progression, metastasis, and poor survival are largely unknown. Here, we address these challenges in breast cancer by defining the landscape of heterogeneous tumour subclones and their biological functions using radiogenomic signatures. Molecular heterogeneity is identified by a fully unsupervised deconvolution of gene expression data. Relative prevalence of two subclones associated with cell cycle and primary immunodeficiency pathways identifies patients with significantly different survival outcomes. Radiogenomic signatures of imaging scale heterogeneity are extracted and used to classify patients into groups with distinct subclone compositions. Prognostic value is confirmed by survival analysis accounting for clinical variables. These findings provide insight into how a radiogenomic analysis can identify the biological activities of specific subclones that predict prognosis in a noninvasive and clinically relevant manner. Tumours are made up of heterogeneous subclones. Here, the authors show using breast cancer imaging and gene expression datasets that these subclones can be inferred by the deconvolution of gene expression data, mapped to MRI derived radiogenomic signatures and used to estimate prognosis.
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