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Neagu AN, Bruno P, Johnson KR, Ballestas G, Darie CC. Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4113. [PMID: 38612922 PMCID: PMC11012526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology is based on deep knowledge of the molecular profile of tumors, allowing for more accurate and personalized therapy for specific groups of patients who are different in disease susceptibility as well as treatment response. Thus, onco-breastomics is able to discover novel biomarkers that have been found to have racial and ethnic differences, among other types of disparities such as chronological or biological age-, sex/gender- or environmental-related ones. Usually, evidence suggests that breast cancer (BC) disparities are due to ethnicity, aging rate, socioeconomic position, environmental or chemical exposures, psycho-social stressors, comorbidities, Western lifestyle, poverty and rurality, or organizational and health care system factors or access. The aim of this review was to deepen the understanding of BC-related disparities, mainly from a biomedical perspective, which includes genomic-based differences, disparities in breast tumor biology and developmental biology, differences in breast tumors' immune and metabolic landscapes, ecological factors involved in these disparities as well as microbiomics- and metagenomics-based disparities in BC. We can conclude that onco-breastomics, in principle, based on genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, hormonomics, metabolomics and exposomics data, is able to characterize the multiple biological processes and molecular pathways involved in BC disparities, clarifying the differences in incidence, mortality and treatment response for different groups of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Pathea Bruno
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Kaya R Johnson
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Gabriella Ballestas
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Li J, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Yao P, Jia Y, Wei X, Du C, Zhang S. Multi-omics analysis elucidates the relationship between intratumor microbiome and host immune heterogeneity in breast cancer. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0410423. [PMID: 38442004 PMCID: PMC10986513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04104-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Research has indicated that intratumor microbiomes affect the occurrence, progression, and therapeutic response in many cancer types by influencing the immune system. We aim to evaluate the characteristics of immune-related intratumor microbiomes (IRIMs) in breast cancer (BC) and search for potential prognosis prediction factors and treatment targets. The clinical information, microbiome data, transcriptomics data of The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) patients were obtained from Kraken-TCGA-Raw-Data and TCGA portal. The core tumor-infiltrating immune cell was identified using univariate Cox regression analysis. Based on consensus clustering analysis, BC patients were categorized into two immune subtypes, referred to as immune-enriched and immune-deficient subtypes. The immune-enriched subtype, characterized by higher levels of immune infiltration of CD8+ T and macrophage M1 cells, demonstrated a more favorable prognosis. Furthermore, significant differences in alpha-diversity and beta-diversity were observed between the two immune subtypes, and the least discriminant analysis effect size method identified 33 types of IRIMs. An intratumor microbiome-based prognostic signature consisting of four prognostic IRIMs (Acidibacillus, Succinimonas, Lachnoclostridium, and Pseudogulbenkiania) was constructed using the Cox proportional-hazard model, and it had great prognostic value. The prognostic IRIMs were correlated with immune gene expression and the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs, specifically tamoxifen and docetaxel. In conclusion, our research has successfully identified two distinct immune subtypes in BC, which exhibit contrasting prognoses and possess unique epigenetic and intratumor microbiomes. The critical IRIMs were correlated with prognosis, tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundance, and immunotherapeutic efficacy in BC. Consequently, this study has identified potential IRIMs as biomarkers, providing a novel therapeutic approach for treating BC.IMPORTANCERecent research has substantiated the presence of the intratumor microbiome in tumor immune microenvironment, which could influence tumor occurrence and progression, as well as provide new opportunities for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This study identified the critical immune-related intratumor microbiome (Acidibacillus, Succinimonas, Lachnoclostridium, and Pseudogulbenkiania), which were correlated with prognosis, tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundance, and immunotherapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and might be the novel target to regulate immunotherapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peizhuo Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Jia
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Du
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Surve CR, Duran CL, Ye X, Chen X, Lin Y, Harney AS, Wang Y, Sharma VP, Stanley ER, Cox D, McAuliffe JC, Entenberg D, Oktay MH, Condeelis JS. Signaling events at TMEM doorways provide potential targets for inhibiting breast cancer dissemination. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.08.574676. [PMID: 38260319 PMCID: PMC10802469 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.08.574676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Tumor cell intravasation is essential for metastatic dissemination, but its exact mechanism is incompletely understood. We have previously shown that in breast cancer, the direct and stable association of a tumor cell expressing Mena, a Tie2hi/VEGFhi macrophage, and a vascular endothelial cell, creates an intravasation portal, called a "tumor microenvironment of metastasis" (TMEM) doorway, for tumor cell intravasation, leading to dissemination to distant sites. The density of TMEM doorways, also called TMEM doorway score, is a clinically validated prognostic marker of distant metastasis in breast cancer patients. Although we know that tumor cells utilize TMEM doorway-associated transient vascular openings to intravasate, the precise signaling mechanisms involved in TMEM doorway function are only partially understood. Using two mouse models of breast cancer and an in vitro assay of intravasation, we report that CSF-1 secreted by the TMEM doorway tumor cell stimulates local secretion of VEGF-A from the Tie2hi TMEM doorway macrophage, leading to the dissociation of endothelial junctions between TMEM doorway associated endothelial cells, supporting tumor cell intravasation. Acute blockade of CSF-1R signaling decreases macrophage VEGF-A secretion as well as TMEM doorway-associated vascular opening, tumor cell trans-endothelial migration, and dissemination. These new insights into signaling events regulating TMEM doorway function should be explored further as treatment strategies for metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay R. Surve
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Camille L. Duran
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xianjun Ye
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Allison S. Harney
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yarong Wang
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Ved P. Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - E. Richard Stanley
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Dianne Cox
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - John C. McAuliffe
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - David Entenberg
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Maja H. Oktay
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - John S. Condeelis
- Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Genna A, Alter J, Poletti M, Meirson T, Sneh T, Gendler M, Saleev N, Karagiannis GS, Wang Y, Cox D, Entenberg D, Oktay MH, Korcsmaros T, Condeelis JS, Gil-Henn H. FAK family proteins regulate in vivo breast cancer metastasis via distinct mechanisms. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.27.564212. [PMID: 37961438 PMCID: PMC10634866 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.564212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the major leading cause of tumor-related deaths in women. It is estimated that the majority of breast tumor-related deaths are a consequence of metastasis, to which no cure exists at present. The FAK family proteins Proline-rich tyrosine kinase (PYK2) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are highly expressed in breast cancer, but the exact cellular and signaling mechanisms by which they regulate in vivo tumor cell invasiveness and consequent metastatic dissemination are mostly unknown. Using a PYK2 and FAK knockdown xenograft model we show here, for the first time, that ablation of either PYK2 or FAK decreases primary tumor size and significantly reduces Tumor MicroEnvironment of Metastasis (TMEM) doorway activation, leading to decreased intravasation and reduced spontaneous lung metastasis. Intravital imaging analysis further demonstrates that PYK2, but not FAK, regulates a motility phenotype switch between focal adhesion-mediated fast motility and invadopodia-dependent, ECM-degradation associated slow motility within the primary tumor. Furthermore, we validate our in vivo and intravital imaging results with integrated transcriptomic and proteomic data analysis from xenograft knockdown tumors and reveal new and distinct pathways by which these two homologous kinases regulate breast tumor cell invasiveness and consequent metastatic dissemination. Our findings identify PYK2 and FAK as novel mediators of mammary tumor progression and metastasis and as candidate therapeutic targets for breast cancer metastasis.
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