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Jiang M, Deng X, Qiu Z, Li J, Song Z, Chen X, Chen R, Huang X, Cui X, Fu Y. Bibliometric analysis of global research trends in magnetic resonance imaging studies of substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease (2001-2024). Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1455562. [PMID: 39291277 PMCID: PMC11405190 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1455562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a globally prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, primarily characterized by muscle rigidity, resting tremor, and bradykinesia. The incidence of PD is rapidly escalating worldwide. Numerous studies have been conducted on the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in investigating the substantia nigra (SN) in PD patients. However, to date, no bibliometric analysis has been performed on this specific research area. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current status in MRI research on the SN in PD patients. Materials and methods MRI study records related to the SN in PD patients from 2001 to 2024 were searched by using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database and then the CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to conduct bibliometric analysis. Results Our analysis found that the number of published articles related studies on MRI of the SN in PD showed an overall upward trend over the past decade, in which Lehericy, Stephane, Du, Guangwei, and Huang, Xuemei are the top three authors with the most articles. Additionally, United States, China and Germany are the main contributors to MRI studies of SN in PD. And Shanghai Jiao Tong University, University of Florida and Seoul National University are the leading institutions in the field. Finally, the keyword analysis showed that the hotspots and trends of research in this field are mainly concentrated in quantitative susceptibility mapping, neuroimaging, and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. Conclusion These analysis identified the most influential authors, institutions, countries and research hotspots in the field of SN-MRI research in PD, which has reference significance for the research interest in this field and provides a new idea for PD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jiang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zixiong Qiu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zifan Song
- School of Sports Health, Guangdong Vocational Institute of Sport, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ruiqi Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xianzhi Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaojun Cui
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuan Fu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Leupold D, Buder S, Pfeifer L, Szyc L, Riederer P, Strobel S, Monoranu CM. New Aspects Regarding the Fluorescence Spectra of Melanin and Neuromelanin in Pigmented Human Tissue Concerning Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8457. [PMID: 39126026 PMCID: PMC11313424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanin is a crucial pigment in melanomagenesis. Its fluorescence in human tissue is exceedingly weak but can be detected through advanced laser spectroscopy techniques. The spectral profile of melanin fluorescence distinctively varies among melanocytes, nevomelanocytes, and melanoma cells, with melanoma cells exhibiting a notably "red" fluorescence spectrum. This characteristic enables the diagnosis of melanoma both in vivo and in histological samples. Neuromelanin, a brain pigment akin to melanin, shares similar fluorescence properties. Its fluorescence can also be quantified with high spectral resolution using the same laser spectroscopic methods. Documented fluorescence spectra of neuromelanin in histological samples from the substantia nigra substantiate these findings. Our research reveals that the spectral behavior of neuromelanin fluorescence mirrors that of melanin in melanomas. This indicates that the typical red fluorescence is likely influenced by the microenvironment around (neuro)melanin, rather than by direct pigment interactions. Our ongoing studies aim to further explore this distinctive "red" fluorescence. We have observed this red fluorescence spectrum in post-mortem measurements of melanin in benign nevus. The characteristic red spectrum is also evident here (unlike the benign nevus in vivo), suggesting that hypoxia may contribute to this phenomenon. Given the central role of hypoxia in both melanoma development and treatment, as well as in fundamental Parkinson's disease mechanisms, this study discusses strategies aimed at reinforcing the hypothesis that red fluorescence from (neuro)melanin serves as an indicator of hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Leupold
- LTB Lasertechnik Berlin GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (D.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Susanne Buder
- Clinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, 12351 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Lutz Pfeifer
- LTB Lasertechnik Berlin GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (D.L.); (L.P.)
| | | | - Peter Riederer
- Department and Research Unit of Psychiatry, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Strobel
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany;
| | - Camelia-Maria Monoranu
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Neuropathology, University of Wuerzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany;
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Ariz M, Martínez M, Alvarez I, Fernández-Seara MA, Castellanos G, Pastor P, Pastor MA, Ortiz de Solórzano C. Automatic Segmentation and Quantification of Nigrosome-1 Neuromelanin and Iron in MRI: A Candidate Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 60:534-547. [PMID: 37915245 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of automated tools for the segmentation and quantification of neuromelanin (NM) and iron in the nigrosome-1 (N1). Existing tools evaluate the N1 sign, i.e., the presence or absence of the "swallow-tail" in iron-sensitive MRI, or globally analyze the MRI signal in an area containing the N1, without providing a volumetric delineation. PURPOSE Present an automated method to segment the N1 and quantify differences in N1's NM and iron content between Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Study whether N1 degeneration is clinically related to PD and could be used as a biomarker of the disease. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Seventy-one PD (65.3 ± 10.3 years old, 34 female/37 male); 30 HC (62.7 ± 7.8 years old, 17 female/13 male). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3 T Anatomical T1-weighted MPRAGE, NM-MRI T1-weighted gradient with magnetization transfer, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). ASSESSMENT N1 was automatically segmented in SWI images using a multi-image atlas, populated with healthy N1 structures manually annotated by a neurologist. Relative NM and iron content were quantified and their diagnostic performance assessed and compared with the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The association between image parameters and clinically relevant variables was studied. STATISTICAL TESTS Nonparametric tests were used (Mann-Whitney's U, chi-square, and Friedman tests) at P = 0.05. RESULTS N1's relative NM content decreased and relative iron content increased in PD patients compared with HCs (NM-CRHC = 22.55 ± 1.49; NM-CRPD = 19.79 ± 1.92; NM-nVolHC = 2.69 × 10-5 ± 1.02 × 10-5; NM-nVolPD = 1.18 × 10-5 ± 0.96 × 10-5; Iron-CRHC = 10.51 ± 2.64; Iron-CRPD = 19.35 ± 7.88; Iron-nVolHC = 0.72 × 10-5 ± 0.81 × 10-5; Iron-nVolPD = 2.82 × 10-5 ± 2.04 × 10-5). Binary logistic regression analyses combining N1 and SNc image parameters yielded a top AUC = 0.955. Significant correlation was found between most N1 parameters and both disease duration (ρNM-CR = -0.31; ρiron-CR = 0.43; ρiron-nVol = 0.46) and the motor status (ρNM-nVol = -0.27; ρiron-CR = 0.33; ρiron-nVol = 0.28), suggesting NM reduction along with iron accumulation in N1 as the disease progresses. DATA CONCLUSION This method provides a fully automatic N1 segmentation, and the analyses performed reveal that N1 relative NM and iron quantification improves diagnostic performance and suggest a relative NM reduction along with a relative iron accumulation in N1 as the disease progresses. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Ariz
- Ciberonc and Biomedical Engineering Program, CIMA University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Martín Martínez
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Navarra, School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria A Fernández-Seara
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Castellanos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, and Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria A Pastor
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Navarra, School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Ortiz de Solórzano
- Ciberonc and Biomedical Engineering Program, CIMA University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Cai J, Wang Y, McKeown MJ. Advances in functional and structural imaging of the brainstem: implications for disease. Curr Opin Neurol 2024; 37:361-368. [PMID: 38884636 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The brainstem's complex anatomy and relatively small size means that structural and functional assessment of this structure is done less frequently compared to other brain areas. However, recent years have seen substantial progress in brainstem imaging, enabling more detailed investigations into its structure and function, as well as its role in neuropathology. RECENT FINDINGS Advancements in ultrahigh field MRI technology have allowed for unprecedented spatial resolution in brainstem imaging, facilitating the new creation of detailed brainstem-specific atlases. Methodological improvements have significantly enhanced the accuracy of physiological (cardiac and respiratory) noise correction within brainstem imaging studies. These technological and methodological advancements have allowed for in-depth analyses of the brainstem's anatomy, including quantitative assessments and examinations of structural connectivity within both gray and white matter. Furthermore, functional studies, including assessments of activation patterns and functional connectivity, have revealed the brainstem's roles in both specialized functions and broader neural integration. Notably, these investigations have identified alterations in brainstem structure and function associated with various neurological disorders. SUMMARY The aforementioned developments have allowed for a greater appreciation of the importance of the brainstem in the wider context of neuroscience and clinical neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Medicine
| | - Martin J McKeown
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Faculty of Medicine
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Gao L, Gaurav R, Ziegner P, Ma J, Sun J, Chen J, Fang J, Fan Y, Bao Y, Zhang D, Chan P, Yang Q, Fan Z, Lehéricy S, Wu T. Regional nigral neuromelanin degeneration in asymptomatic leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene carrier using MRI. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10621. [PMID: 38729969 PMCID: PMC11087650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Asymptomatic Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Gene (LRRK2) carriers are at risk for developing Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied presymptomatic substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) regional neurodegeneration in asymptomatic LRRK2 carriers compared to idiopathic PD patients using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI technique (NM-MRI). Fifteen asymptomatic LRRK2 carriers, 22 idiopathic PD patients, and 30 healthy controls (HCs) were scanned using NM-MRI. We computed volume and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) derived from the whole SNc and the sensorimotor, associative, and limbic SNc regions. An analysis of covariance was performed to explore the differences of whole and regional NM-MRI values among the groups while controlling the effect of age and sex. In whole SNc, LRRK2 had significantly lower CNR than HCs but non-significantly higher volume and CNR than PD patients, and PD patients significantly lower volume and CNR compared to HCs. Inside SNc regions, there were significant group effects for CNR in all regions and for volumes in the associative region, with a trend in the sensorimotor region but no significant changes in the limbic region. PD had reduced volume and CNR in all regions compared to HCs. Asymptomatic LRRK2 carriers showed globally decreased SNc volume and CNR suggesting early nigral neurodegeneration in these subjects at risk of developing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Gao
- Department of General Practice, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Rahul Gaurav
- Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Movement Investigations and Therapeutics Team (MOV'IT), Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, France.
- Center for NeuroImaging Research (CENIR), Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Pia Ziegner
- Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Center for NeuroImaging Research (CENIR), Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology (H.J.), University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jinghong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiliang Fang
- Department of Radiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Fan
- Department of Radiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Bao
- Department of Radiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Movement Investigations and Therapeutics Team (MOV'IT), Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, France.
- Center for NeuroImaging Research (CENIR), Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Alushaj E, Handfield-Jones N, Kuurstra A, Morava A, Menon RS, Owen AM, Sharma M, Khan AR, MacDonald PA. Increased iron in the substantia nigra pars compacta identifies patients with early Parkinson'sdisease: A 3T and 7T MRI study. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 41:103577. [PMID: 38377722 PMCID: PMC10944193 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta (SNc) underlies motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, there are no neuroimaging biomarkers that are sufficiently sensitive, specific, reproducible, and accessible for routine diagnosis or staging of PD. Although iron is essential for cellular processes, it also mediates neurodegeneration. MRI can localize and quantify brain iron using magnetic susceptibility, which could potentially provide biomarkers of PD. We measured iron in the SNc, SN pars reticulata (SNr), total SN, and ventral tegmental area (VTA), using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and R2* relaxometry, in PD patients and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). PD patients, diagnosed within five years of participation and HCs were scanned at 3T (22 PD and 23 HCs) and 7T (17 PD and 21 HCs) MRI. Midbrain nuclei were segmented using a probabilistic subcortical atlas. QSM and R2* values were measured in midbrain subregions. For each measure, groups were contrasted, with Age and Sex as covariates, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed with repeated k-fold cross-validation to test the potential of our measures to classify PD patients and HCs. Statistical differences of area under the curves (AUCs) were compared using the Hanley-MacNeil method (QSM versus R2*; 3T versus 7T MRI). PD patients had higher QSM values in the SNc at both 3T (padj = 0.001) and 7T (padj = 0.01), but not in SNr, total SN, or VTA, at either field strength. No significant group differences were revealed using R2* in any midbrain region at 3T, though increased R2* values in SNc at 7T MRI were marginally significant in PDs compared to HCs (padj = 0.052). ROC curve analyses showed that SNc iron measured with QSM, distinguished early PD patients from HCs at the single-subject level with good diagnostic accuracy, using 3T (mean AUC = 0.83, 95 % CI = 0.82-0.84) and 7T (mean AUC = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.79-0.81) MRI. Mean AUCs reported here are from averages of tests in the hold-out fold of cross-validated samples. The Hanley-MacNeil method demonstrated that QSM outperforms R2* in discriminating PD patients from HCs at 3T, but not 7T. There were no significant differences between 3T and 7T in diagnostic accuracy of QSM values in SNc. This study highlights the importance of segmenting midbrain subregions, performed here using a standardized atlas, and demonstrates high accuracy of SNc iron measured with QSM at 3T MRI in identifying early PD patients. QSM measures of SNc show potential for inclusion in neuroimaging diagnostic biomarkers of early PD. An MRI diagnostic biomarker of PD would represent a significant clinical advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erind Alushaj
- Department of Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Nicholas Handfield-Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Alan Kuurstra
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Anisa Morava
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ravi S Menon
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Adrian M Owen
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Manas Sharma
- Department of Radiology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ali R Khan
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Penny A MacDonald
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.
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Lakhani DA, Zhou X, Tao S, Patel V, Wen S, Okromelidze L, Greco E, Lin C, Westerhold EM, Straub S, Wszolek ZK, Tipton PW, Uitti RJ, Grewal SS, Middlebrooks EH. Diagnostic utility of 7T neuromelanin imaging of the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:13. [PMID: 38191546 PMCID: PMC10774294 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that presents a diagnostic challenge due to symptom overlap with other disorders. Neuromelanin (NM) imaging is a promising biomarker for PD, but adoption has been limited, in part due to subpar performance at standard MRI field strengths. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ultra-high field 7T NM-sensitive imaging in the diagnosis of PD versus controls and essential tremor (ET), as well as NM differences among PD subtypes. A retrospective case-control study was conducted including PD patients, ET patients, and controls. 7T NM-sensitive 3D-GRE was acquired, and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) volumes, contrast ratios, and asymmetry indices were calculated. Statistical analyses, including general linear models and ROC curves, were employed. Twenty-one PD patients, 13 ET patients, and 18 controls were assessed. PD patients exhibited significantly lower SNpc volumes compared to non-PD subjects. SNpc total volume showed 100% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity (AUC = 0.998) for differentiating PD from non-PD and 100% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity (AUC = 0.996) in differentiating PD from ET. Contrast ratio was not significantly different between PD and non-PD groups (p = 0.07). There was also significantly higher asymmetry index in SNpc volume in PD compared to non-PD cohorts (p < 0.001). NM signal loss in PD predominantly involved the inferior, posterior, and lateral aspects of SNpc. Akinetic-rigid subtype showed more significant NM signal loss compared to tremor dominant subtype (p < 0.001). 7T NM imaging demonstrates potential as a diagnostic tool for PD, including potential distinction between subtypes, allowing improved understanding of disease progression and subtype-related characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhairya A Lakhani
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xiangzhi Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Shengzhen Tao
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Vishal Patel
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Elena Greco
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Sina Straub
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan J Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Erik H Middlebrooks
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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Droby A, Thaler A, Mirelman A. Imaging Markers in Genetic Forms of Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1212. [PMID: 37626568 PMCID: PMC10452191 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. While the majority of PD cases are sporadic, approximately 15-20% of cases have a genetic component. Advances in neuroimaging techniques have provided valuable insights into the pathophysiology of PD, including the different genetic forms of the disease. This literature review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding neuroimaging findings in genetic PD, focusing on the most prevalent known genetic forms: mutations in the GBA1, LRRK2, and Parkin genes. In this review, we will highlight the contributions of various neuroimaging modalities, including positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in elucidating the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and potentially identifying candidate biomarkers for genetic forms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amgad Droby
- Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration (LEMON), Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6801298, Israel; (A.T.); (A.M.)
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel
| | - Avner Thaler
- Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration (LEMON), Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6801298, Israel; (A.T.); (A.M.)
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory for Early Markers of Neurodegeneration (LEMON), Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6801298, Israel; (A.T.); (A.M.)
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel
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