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Augustine R, Gezek M, Nikolopoulos VK, Buck PL, Bostanci NS, Camci-Unal G. Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering: Progress, Promises and Challenges. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10738-y. [PMID: 39028416 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Bone defects from accidents, congenital conditions, and age-related diseases significantly impact quality of life. Recent advancements in bone tissue engineering (TE) involve biomaterial scaffolds, patient-derived cells, and bioactive agents, enabling functional bone regeneration. Stem cells, obtained from numerous sources including umbilical cord blood, adipose tissue, bone marrow, and dental pulp, hold immense potential in bone TE. Induced pluripotent stem cells and genetically modified stem cells can also be used. Proper manipulation of physical, chemical, and biological stimulation is crucial for their proliferation, maintenance, and differentiation. Stem cells contribute to osteogenesis, osteoinduction, angiogenesis, and mineralization, essential for bone regeneration. This review provides an overview of the latest developments in stem cell-based TE for repairing and regenerating defective bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Augustine
- Department of Radiology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Mert Gezek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | | | - Paige Lauren Buck
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Nazli Seray Bostanci
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Gulden Camci-Unal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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2
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Soliman BG, Longoni A, Major GS, Lindberg GCJ, Choi YS, Zhang YS, Woodfield TBF, Lim KS. Harnessing Macromolecular Chemistry to Design Hydrogel Micro- and Macro-Environments. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300457. [PMID: 38035637 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation within three-dimensional hydrogels is a promising approach to mimic tissues. However, true biomimicry of the intricate microenvironment, biophysical and biochemical gradients, and the macroscale hierarchical spatial organizations of native tissues is an unmet challenge within tissue engineering. This review provides an overview of the macromolecular chemistries that have been applied toward the design of cell-friendly hydrogels, as well as their application toward controlling biophysical and biochemical bulk and gradient properties of the microenvironment. Furthermore, biofabrication technologies provide the opportunity to simultaneously replicate macroscale features of native tissues. Biofabrication strategies are reviewed in detail with a particular focus on the compatibility of these strategies with the current macromolecular toolkit described for hydrogel design and the challenges associated with their clinical translation. This review identifies that the convergence of the ever-expanding macromolecular toolkit and technological advancements within the field of biofabrication, along with an improved biological understanding, represents a promising strategy toward the successful tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram G Soliman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Alessia Longoni
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Gretel S Major
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Gabriella C J Lindberg
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact Department of Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
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3
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Minaychev VV, Smirnova PV, Kobyakova MI, Teterina AY, Smirnov IV, Skirda VD, Alexandrov AS, Gafurov MR, Shlykov MA, Pyatina KV, Senotov AS, Salynkin PS, Fadeev RS, Komlev VS, Fadeeva IS. Low-Temperature Calcium Phosphate Ceramics Can Modulate Monocytes and Macrophages Inflammatory Response In Vitro. Biomedicines 2024; 12:263. [PMID: 38397865 PMCID: PMC10887285 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Creating bioactive materials for bone tissue regeneration and augmentation remains a pertinent challenge. One of the most promising and rapidly advancing approaches involves the use of low-temperature ceramics that closely mimic the natural composition of the extracellular matrix of native bone tissue, such as Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and its phase precursors (Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate-DCPD, Octacalcium Phosphate-OCP, etc.). However, despite significant scientific interest, the current knowledge and understanding remain limited regarding the impact of these ceramics not only on reparative histogenesis processes but also on the immunostimulation and initiation of local aseptic inflammation leading to material rejection. Using the stable cell models of monocyte-like (THP-1ATRA) and macrophage-like (THP-1PMA) cells under the conditions of LPS-induced model inflammation in vitro, the influence of DCPD, OCP, and HAp on cell viability, ROS and intracellular NO production, phagocytosis, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was assessed. The results demonstrate that all investigated ceramic particles exhibit biological activity toward human macrophage and monocyte cells in vitro, potentially providing conditions necessary for bone tissue restoration/regeneration in the peri-implant environment in vivo. Among the studied ceramics, DCPD appears to be the most preferable for implantation in patients with latent inflammation or unpredictable immune status, as this ceramic had the most favorable overall impact on the investigated cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav V. Minaychev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
| | - Polina V. Smirnova
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Margarita I. Kobyakova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
| | - Anastasia Yu. Teterina
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Igor V. Smirnov
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Vladimir D. Skirda
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya St. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (V.D.S.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Artem S. Alexandrov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya St. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (V.D.S.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Marat R. Gafurov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya St. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (V.D.S.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Mikhail A. Shlykov
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Kira V. Pyatina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
| | - Anatoliy S. Senotov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
| | - Pavel S. Salynkin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
| | - Roman S. Fadeev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Vladimir S. Komlev
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Irina S. Fadeeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (V.V.M.); (M.I.K.); (A.S.S.); (I.S.F.)
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (P.V.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.A.S.)
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Baheti W, Chen X, La M, He H. Biomimetic HA-GO implant coating for enhanced osseointegration via macrophage M2 polarization-induced osteo-immunomodulation. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2024; 22:22808000241266665. [PMID: 39129373 DOI: 10.1177/22808000241266665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory polarized phenotypes of macrophages (M1/M2) can be used to predict the success of implant integration. Hence, activating and inducing the transformation of immunocytes that promote tissue repair appears to be a highly promising strategy for facilitating osteo-anagenesis. In a previous study, titanium implants were coated with a graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite (GO-HA) nanocomposite via electrophoretic deposition, and the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was found to be significantly enhanced when the GO content was 2wt%. However, the effectiveness of the GO-HA nanocomposite coating in modifying the in vivo immune microenvironment still remains unclear. In this study, the effects of GO-HA coatings on osteogenesis were investigated based on the GO-HA-mediated immune regulation of macrophages. The HA-2wt%GO nanocomposite coatings exhibited good biocompatibility and favored M2 macrophage polarization. Meanwhile, they could also significantly upregulate IL-10 (anti-inflammatory factor) expression and downregulate TNF-α (pro-inflammatory factor) expression. Additionally, the microenvironment, which was established by M2 macrophages, favored the osteogenesis of BMSCs both in vivo and in vitro. These findings show that the GO-HA nanocomposite coating is a promising surface-modification material. Hence, this study provides a reference for the development of next-generation osteoimmunomodulatory biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wufanbieke Baheti
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Mi La
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huiyu He
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Ivanjko N, Stokovic N, Milesevic M, Rumenovic V, Windhager R, Sampath KT, Kovacic N, Grcevic D, Vukicevic S. rhBMP6 in autologous blood coagulum is a preferred osteoinductive device to rhBMP2 on bovine collagen sponge in the rat ectopic bone formation assay. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115844. [PMID: 37948990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoinductive BMPs require a suitable delivery system for treating various pathological conditions of the spine and segmental bone defects. INFUSE, the only commercially available BMP-based osteoinductive device, consisting of rhBMP2 on bovine absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) showed major disadvantages due to serious side effects. A novel osteoinductive device, OSTEOGROW, comprised of rhBMP6 dispersed within autologous blood coagulum (ABC) is a promising therapy for bone regeneration, subjected to several clinical trials for diaphysial bone repair and spinal fusion. In the present study, we have examined the release dynamics showing that the ABC carrier provided a slower, more steady BMP release in comparison to the ACS. Rat subcutaneous assay was employed to evaluate cellular events and the time course of ectopic osteogenesis. The host cellular response to osteoinductive implants was evaluated by flow cytometry, while dynamics of bone formation and maintenance in time were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry and micro CT analyses. Flow cytometry revealed that the recruitment of lymphoid cell populations was significantly higher in rhBMP6/ABC implants, while rhBMP2/ACS implants recruited more myeloid populations. Furthermore, rhBMP6/ABC implants more efficiently attracted early and committed progenitor cells. Dynamics of bone formation induced by rhBMP2/ACS was characterized by a delayed endochondral ossification process in comparison to rhBMP6/ABC implants. Besides, rhBMP6/ABC implants induced more ectopic bone volume in all observed time points in comparison to rhBMP2/ACS implants. These results indicate that OSTEOGROW was superior to INFUSE due to ABC's advantages as a carrier and rhBMP6 superior efficacy in inducing bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ivanjko
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Stokovic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Milesevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Viktorija Rumenovic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Reinhard Windhager
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Natasa Kovacic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danka Grcevic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slobodan Vukicevic
- Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Lee SS, Kleger N, Kuhn GA, Greutert H, Du X, Smit T, Studart AR, Ferguson SJ. A 3D-Printed Assemblable Bespoke Scaffold as a Versatile Microcryogel Carrier for Site-Specific Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302008. [PMID: 37632210 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Advances in additive manufacturing have led to diverse patient-specific implant designs utilizing computed tomography, but this requires intensive work and financial implications. Here, Digital Light Processing is used to fabricate a hive-structured assemblable bespoke scaffold (HIVE). HIVE can be manually assembled in any shape/size with ease, so a surgeon can create a scaffold that will best fit a defect before implantation. Simultaneously, it can have site-specific treatments by working as a carrier filled with microcryogels (MC) incorporating different biological factors in different pockets of HIVE. After characterization, possible site-specific applications are investigated by utilizing HIVE as a versatile carrier with incorporated treatments such as growth factors (GF), bioceramic, or cells. HIVE as a GF-carrier shows a controlled release of bone morphogenetic protein/vascular endothelial growth factor (BMP/VEGF) and induced osteogenesis/angiogenesis from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC)/human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, as a bioceramic-carrier, HIVE demonstrates enhanced mineralization and osteogenesis, and as a HUVEC carrier, it upregulates both osteogenic and angiogenic gene expression of hMSCs. HIVE with different combinations of MCs yields a distinct local effect and successful cell migration is confirmed within assembled HIVEs. Finally, an in vivo rat subcutaneous implantation demonstrates site-specific osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghun S Lee
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Kleger
- Complex Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Gisela A Kuhn
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Helen Greutert
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Thijs Smit
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - André R Studart
- Complex Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J Ferguson
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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Lee SS, Du X, Smit T, Bissacco EG, Seiler D, de Wild M, Ferguson SJ. 3D-printed LEGO®-inspired titanium scaffolds for patient-specific regenerative medicine. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213617. [PMID: 37678088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in 3D-printing, it is often difficult to fabricate implants that optimally fit a defect size or shape. There are some approaches to resolve this issue, such as patient-specific implant/scaffold designs based on CT images of the patients, however, this process is labor-intensive and costly. Especially in developing countries, affordable treatment options are required, while still not excluding these patient groups from potential material and manufacturing advances. Here, a selective laser melting (SLM) 3D-printing strategy was used to fabricate a hierarchical, LEGO®-inspired Assemblable Titanium Scaffold (ATS) system, which can be manually assembled in any shape or size with ease. A surgeon can quickly create a scaffold that would fit to the defect right before the implantation during the surgery. Additionally, the direct inclusion of micro- and macroporous structures via 3D-printing, as well as a double acid-etched surface treatment (ST) in the ATS, ensure biocompatibility, sufficient nutrient flow, cell migration and enhanced osteogenesis. Three different structures were designed (non-porous:NP, semi-porous:SP, ultra-porous:UP), 3D-printed with the SLM technique and then surface treated for the ST groups. After analyzing characteristics of the ATS such as printing quality, surface roughness and interconnected porosity, mechanical testing and finite element analysis (FEA) demonstrated that individual and stacked ATS have sufficient mechanical properties to withstand loading in a physiological system. All ATS showed high cell viability, and the SP and UP groups demonstrated enhanced cell proliferation rates compared to the NP group. Furthermore, we also verified that cells were well-attached and spread on the porous structures and successful cell migration between the ATS units was seen in the case of assemblies. The UP and SP groups exhibited higher calcium deposition and RT-qPCR proved higher osteogenic gene expression compared to NP group. Finally, we demonstrate a number of possible medical applications that reveal the potential of the ATS through assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghun S Lee
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thijs Smit
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa G Bissacco
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Seiler
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics IM(2), FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Michael de Wild
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics IM(2), FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J Ferguson
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mi B, Xiong Y, Zha K, Cao F, Zhou W, Abbaszadeh S, Ouyang L, Liao Y, Hu W, Dai G, Zhao Z, Feng Q, Shahbazi MA, Liu G. Immune homeostasis modulation by hydrogel-guided delivery systems: a tool for accelerated bone regeneration. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6035-6059. [PMID: 37522328 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00544e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Immune homeostasis is delicately mediated by the dynamic balance between effector immune cells and regulatory immune cells. Local deviations from immune homeostasis in the microenvironment of bone fractures, caused by an increased ratio of effector to regulatory cues, can lead to excessive inflammatory conditions and hinder bone regeneration. Therefore, achieving effective and localized immunomodulation of bone fractures is crucial for successful bone regeneration. Recent research has focused on developing localized and specific immunomodulatory strategies using local hydrogel-based delivery systems. In this review, we aim to emphasize the significant role of immune homeostasis in bone regeneration, explore local hydrogel-based delivery systems, discuss emerging trends in immunomodulation for enhancing bone regeneration, and address the limitations of current delivery strategies along with the challenges of clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kangkang Zha
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Faqi Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Samin Abbaszadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lizhi Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuheng Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weixian Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guandong Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou 441300, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
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Wei J, Xia X, Xiao S, Jin S, Zou Q, Zuo Y, Li Y, Li J. Sequential Dual-Biofactor Release from the Scaffold of Mesoporous HA Microspheres and PLGA Matrix for Boosting Endogenous Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300624. [PMID: 36938866 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The combined design of scaffold structure and multi-biological factors is a prominent strategy to promote bone regeneration. Herein, a composite scaffold of mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres loaded with the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and a poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) matrix is constructed by 3D printing. Furthermore, the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) is adsorbed on a scaffold surface to achieve the sequential release of the dual-biofactors. The results indicate that the rapid release of SDF-1α chemokine on the scaffold surface effectively recruits bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to the target defect area, whereas the long-term sustained release of BMP-2 from the HA microspheres in the degradable PLGA matrix successfully triggers the osteogenic differentiation in the recruited BMSCs, significantly promoting bone regeneration and reconstruction. In addition, these structures/biofactors specially combining scaffold exhibit significantly better biological performance than that of other combined scaffolds, including the bare HA/PLGA scaffold, the scaffold loaded with SDF-1α or BMP-2 biofactor alone, and the scaffold with surface SDF-1α and BMP-2 dual-biofactors. The utilization of mesoporous HA, the assembly method, and sequential release of the two biofactors in the 3D printed composite scaffold present a new method for future design of high-performance bone repairing scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wei
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xue Xia
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Xiao
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shue Jin
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zou
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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10
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Baht GS, Grol MW. Editorial: The immune system and inflammation in musculoskeletal health, aging, and disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1218118. [PMID: 37275852 PMCID: PMC10233133 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1218118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet S. Baht
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Matthew W. Grol
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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11
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Lee MS, Jeon J, Park S, Lim J, Yang HS. Rationally designed bioactive milk-derived protein scaffolds enhanced new bone formation. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:368-380. [PMID: 35784638 PMCID: PMC9213433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a number of studies reported that casein was composed of various multifunctional bioactive peptides such as casein phosphopeptide and β-casochemotide-1 that bind calcium ions and induce macrophage chemotaxis, which is crucial for bone homeostasis and bone fracture repair by cytokines secreted in the process. We hypothesized that the effects of the multifunctional biopeptides in casein would contribute to improving bone regeneration. Thus, we designed a tissue engineering platform that consisted of casein and polyvinyl alcohol, which was a physical-crosslinked scaffold (milk-derived protein; MDP), via simple freeze-thaw cycles and performed surface modification using 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (DOPA), a mussel adhesive protein, for immobilizing adhesive proteins and cytokines for recruiting cells in vivo (MDP-DOPA). Both the MDP and MDP-DOPA groups proved indirectly contribution of macrophages migration as RAW 264.7 cells were highly migrated toward materials by contained bioactive peptides. We implanted MDP and MDP-DOPA in a mouse calvarial defect orthotopic model and evaluated whether MDP-DOPA showed much faster mineral deposition and higher bone density than that of the no-treatment and MDP groups. The MDP-DOPA group showed the accumulation of host M2 macrophages and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) around the scaffold, whereas MDP presented mostly M1 macrophages in the early stage. Bioactive peptide-containing scaffold was fabricated via simple freeze-thaw cycles, and subsequently, the surface was modified with adhesive protein. We confirmed that the multifunctional biopeptides regulated the migration of macrophages and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. The bioactive peptide-containing scaffold showed much faster and higher mineral deposition in vivo animal studies compared to the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Suk Lee
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Jeon
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sihyeon Park
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhan Lim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seok Yang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core-Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Injectable decellularized cartilage matrix hydrogel encapsulating urine-derived stem cells for immunomodulatory and cartilage defect regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:75. [PMID: 36550127 PMCID: PMC9780205 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of complex cartilage defects has remained a great challenge for tissue engineering due to the lack of stem cells and chronic inflammation within the joint. In this study, we have developed an injectable pig cartilage-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels for the repair of cartilage defects, which has shown sound biocompatibility and immunomodulatory capacity both in vitro and in vivo. The dECM hydrogels can enhance the chondrogenic differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs). As shown by in vitro experiment, the USCs in the dECM hydrogels have survived, proliferated, and produced a mass of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix containing collagen II and aggrecan. And the USCs-laden dECM hydrogels have shown the capacity to promote the secretion of extracellular matrix, modulate the immune response and promote cartilage regeneration in the rat model for cartilage defect.
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13
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Nadine S, Fernandes I, Patrício SG, Correia CR, Mano JF. Liquefied Microcapsules Compartmentalizing Macrophages and Umbilical Cord-Derived Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200651. [PMID: 35904030 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Extraordinary capabilities underlie the potential use of immune cells, particularly macrophages, in bone tissue engineering. Indeed, the depletion of macrophages during bone repair often culminates in disease scenarios. Inspired by the native dynamics between immune and skeletal systems, this work proposes a straightforward in vitro method to bioengineer biomimetic bone niches using biological waste. For that, liquefied and semipermeable reservoirs generated by electrohydrodynamic atomization and layer-by-layer techniques are developed to coculture umbilical cord-derived human cells, namely monocyte-derived macrophages, mesenchymal-derived stromal cells (MSCs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Poly(ε-caprolactone) microparticles are also added to the liquefied core to act as cell carriers. The fabricated microcapsules grant the successful development of viable microtissues, ensuring the high diffusion of bioactive factors. Interestingly, macrophages within the bioengineered microcapsules increase the release of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and vascular endothelial growth factor. The cytokines profile variation indicates macrophages' polarization into a prohealing phenotype. Altogether, the incorporation of macrophages within the fabricated microcapsules allows to recreate an appropriate bone microenvironment for developing new bone mineralized microtissues. The proposed bioencapsulation protocol is a powerful self-regulated system, which might find great applicability in bone tissue engineering based on bottom-up approaches or disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nadine
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês Fernandes
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sónia G Patrício
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Clara R Correia
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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14
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Huang J, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Beneficial roles of the AhR ligand FICZ on the regenerative potentials of BMSCs and primed cartilage templates. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11505-11516. [PMID: 35425032 PMCID: PMC9007154 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00622g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are commonly used seed cells, and BMSC-derived primed cartilage templates have been shown to achieve bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in various cellular processes such as osteogenesis and immune regulation. This study investigated the effects of the AhR endogenous ligand 6-formyl (3,2-b) carbazole (FICZ) on the behavior of BMSCs and cartilage templates as well as the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. AhR expressions in rat bone marrow and isolated BMSCs were detected via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescent staining. Alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining showed that FICZ treatment enhanced the osteogenic potential of BMSCs without influencing their proliferation. FICZ was shown to alleviate the LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, 6 and TNF-α via the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In the chondrogenic process from BMSCs to primed cartilage templates, the expressions of AhR and its target gene cytochrome P450 subfamily B member 1 (CYP1B1) were inhibited. However, IHC staining demonstrated that AhR was still involved in the subcutaneous ossification of cartilage templates. Then, the effects of FICZ on cartilage templates were investigated. The osteogenic markers were upregulated by FICZ administration. The RAW 264.7 treated by condition medium of FICZ-treated cartilage templates exhibited an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Finally, high-throughput sequencing was applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the FICZ-treated cartilage templates. The upregulation of cytochrome P450 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1) and sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (Smpd3) were verified by qPCR, which might be the downstream targets of AhR in the cartilage templates promoting osteogenesis and macrophage polarization. These data implied a beneficial role of FICZ in the regenerative potentials of both BMSCs and primed cartilage templates. The FICZ/AhR axis might be a practical target to achieve optimal bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University 237 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China +86 27 87873260 +86 27 87686318
| | - Yining Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University 237 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China +86 27 87873260 +86 27 87686318
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University 237 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China +86 27 87873260 +86 27 87686318
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China
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15
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Ji C, Qiu M, Ruan H, Li C, Cheng L, Wang J, Li C, Qi J, Cui W, Deng L. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Symbiosis Niche of 3D Scaffolds to Accelerate Bone Defect Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105194. [PMID: 35040587 PMCID: PMC8922091 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Three dimension (3D) printed scaffolds have been shown to be superior in promoting tissue repair, but the cell-level specific regulatory network activated by 3D printing scaffolds with different material components to form a symbiosis niche have not been systematically revealed. Here, three typical 3D printed scaffolds, including natural polymer hydrogel (gelatin-methacryloyl, GelMA), synthetic polymer material (polycaprolactone, PCL), and bioceramic (β-tricalcium phosphate, β-TCP), are fabricated to explore the regulating effect of the symbiotic microenvironment during bone healing. Enrichment analysis show that hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration and reconstruction by improving blood vessel generation by enhancing oxygen transport and red blood cell development. The PCL scaffold regulates cell proliferation and differentiation by promoting cellular senescence, cell cycle and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication pathways, accelerating the process of endochondral ossification, and the formation of callus. The β-TCP scaffold can specifically enhance the expression of osteoclast differentiation and extracellular space pathway genes to promote the differentiation of osteoclasts and promote the process of bone remodeling. In these processes, specific biomaterial properties can be used to guide cell behavior and regulate molecular network in the symbiotic microenvironment to reduce the barriers of regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Ji
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Minglong Qiu
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Huitong Ruan
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Cuidi Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of OrthopaedicsShanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine197 Ruijin 2nd RoadShanghai200025P. R. China
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16
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Longoni A, Utomo L, Robinson A, Levato R, Rosenberg AJWP, Gawlitta D. Acceleration of Bone Regeneration Induced by a Soft-Callus Mimetic Material. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103284. [PMID: 34962103 PMCID: PMC8867155 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Clinical implementation of endochondral bone regeneration (EBR) would benefit from the engineering of devitalized cartilaginous constructs of allogeneic origins. Nevertheless, development of effective devitalization strategies that preserves extracellular matrix (ECM) is still challenging. The aim of this study is to investigate EBR induced by devitalized, soft callus-mimetic spheroids. To challenge the translatability of this approach, the constructs are generated using an allogeneic cell source. Neo-bone formation is evaluated in an immunocompetent rat model, subcutaneously and in a critical size femur defect. Living spheroids are used as controls. Also, the effect of spheroid maturation towards hypertrophy is evaluated. The devitalization procedure successfully induces cell death without affecting ECM composition or bioactivity. In vivo, a larger amount of neo-bone formation is observed for the devitalized chondrogenic group both ectopically and orthotopically. In the femur defect, accelerated bone regeneration is observed in the devitalized chondrogenic group, where defect bridging is observed 4 weeks post-implantation. The authors' results show, for the first time, a dramatic increase in the rate of bone formation induced by devitalized soft callus-mimetics. These findings pave the way for the development of a new generation of allogeneic, "off-the-shelf" products for EBR, which are suitable for the treatment of every patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Longoni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityG05.222, PO Box 85500Utrecht3508 GAThe Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUtrecht3584 CTThe Netherlands
| | - Lizette Utomo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityG05.222, PO Box 85500Utrecht3508 GAThe Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUtrecht3584 CTThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 108Utrecht3584CMThe Netherlands
| | - Abbie Robinson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityG05.222, PO Box 85500Utrecht3508 GAThe Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUtrecht3584 CTThe Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUtrecht3584 CTThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityYalelaan 108Utrecht3584CMThe Netherlands
- Department of OrthopaedicsUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrecht3508 GAThe Netherlands
| | - Antoine J. W. P. Rosenberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityG05.222, PO Box 85500Utrecht3508 GAThe Netherlands
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental CareUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityG05.222, PO Box 85500Utrecht3508 GAThe Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUtrecht3584 CTThe Netherlands
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17
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Svensson S, Palmer M, Svensson J, Johansson A, Engqvist H, Omar O, Thomsen P. Monocytes and pyrophosphate promote mesenchymal stem cell viability and early osteogenic differentiation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 33:11. [PMID: 35032239 PMCID: PMC8761140 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrophosphate-containing calcium phosphate implants promote osteoinduction and bone regeneration. The role of pyrophosphate for inflammatory cell-mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) cross-talk during osteogenesis is not known. In the present work, the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pyrophosphate (PPi) on primary human monocytes and on osteogenic gene expression in human adipose-derived MSCs were evaluated in vitro, using conditioned media transfer as well as direct effect systems. Direct exposure to pyrophosphate increased nonadherent monocyte survival (by 120% without LPS and 235% with LPS) and MSC viability (LDH) (by 16-19% with and without LPS). Conditioned media from LPS-primed monocytes significantly upregulated osteogenic genes (ALP and RUNX2) and downregulated adipogenic (PPAR-γ) and chondrogenic (SOX9) genes in recipient MSCs. Moreover, the inclusion of PPi (250 μM) resulted in a 1.2- to 2-fold significant downregulation of SOX9 in the recipient MSCs, irrespective of LPS stimulation or culture media type. These results indicate that conditioned media from LPS-stimulated inflammatory monocytes potentiates the early MSCs commitment towards the osteogenic lineage and that direct pyrophosphate exposure to MSCs can promote their viability and reduce their chondrogenic gene expression. These results are the first to show that pyrophosphate can act as a survival factor for both human MSCs and primary monocytes and can influence the early MSC gene expression. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Palmer
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Science Section, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Svensson
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business, Economics and Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Johansson
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Håkan Engqvist
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Materials Science Section, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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18
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Natarajan D, Ye Z, Wang L, Ge L, Pathak JL. Rare earth smart nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology: Advances, challenges, and prospects. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10262. [PMID: 35111954 PMCID: PMC8780931 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts or prosthetic implant designing for clinical application is challenging due to the complexity of integrated physiological processes. The revolutionary advances of nanotechnology in the biomaterial field expedite and endorse the current unresolved complexity in functional bone graft and implant design. Rare earth (RE) materials are emerging biomaterials in tissue engineering due to their unique biocompatibility, fluorescence upconversion, antimicrobial, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers have developed various RE smart nano-biomaterials for bone tissue engineering and implantology applications in the past two decades. Furthermore, researchers have explored the molecular mechanisms of RE material-mediated tissue regeneration. Recent advances in biomedical applications of micro or nano-scale RE materials have provided a foundation for developing novel, cost-effective bone tissue engineering strategies. This review attempted to provide an overview of RE nanomaterials' technological innovations in bone tissue engineering and implantology and summarized the osteogenic, angiogenic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, in vivo bone tissue imaging, and antimicrobial properties of various RE nanomaterials, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in these biological events. Further, we extend to discuss the challenges and prospects of RE smart nano-biomaterials in the field of bone tissue engineering and implantology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraipandy Natarajan
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhitong Ye
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Liping Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Linhu Ge
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Janak Lal Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
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19
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Lee SS, Laganenka L, Du X, Hardt WD, Ferguson SJ. Silicon Nitride, a Bioceramic for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Reinforced Cryogel System With Antibiofilm and Osteogenic Effects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:794586. [PMID: 34976982 PMCID: PMC8714913 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon nitride (SiN [Si3N4]) is a promising bioceramic for use in a wide variety of orthopedic applications. Over the past decades, it has been mainly used in industrial applications, such as space shuttle engines, but not in the medical field due to scarce data on the biological effects of SiN. More recently, it has been increasingly identified as an emerging material for dental and orthopedic implant applications. Although a few reports about the antibacterial properties and osteoconductivity of SiN have been published to date, there have been limited studies of SiN-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Here, we developed a silicon nitride reinforced gelatin/chitosan cryogel system (SiN-GC) by loading silicon nitride microparticles into a gelatin/chitosan cryogel (GC), with the aim of producing a biomimetic scaffold with antibiofilm and osteogenic properties. In this scaffold system, the GC component provides a hydrophilic and macroporous environment for cells, while the SiN component not only provides antibacterial properties and osteoconductivity but also increases the mechanical stiffness of the scaffold. This provides enhanced mechanical support for the defect area and a better osteogenic environment. First, we analyzed the scaffold characteristics of SiN-GC with different SiN concentrations, followed by evaluation of its apatite-forming capacity in simulated body fluid and protein adsorption capacity. We further confirmed an antibiofilm effect of SiN-GC against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as well as enhanced cell proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic gene upregulation for MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells. Finally, we developed a bioreactor to culture cell-laden scaffolds under cyclic compressive loading to mimic physiological conditions and were able to demonstrate improved mineralization and osteogenesis from SiN-GC. Overall, we confirmed the antibiofilm and osteogenic effect of a silicon nitride reinforced cryogel system, and the results indicate that silicon nitride as a biomaterial system component has a promising potential to be developed further for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghun S. Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leanid Laganenka
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Xu L, Ma F, Leung FKL, Qin C, Lu WW, Tang B. Chitosan-strontium chondroitin sulfate scaffolds for reconstruction of bone defects in aged rats. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118532. [PMID: 34560945 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma have become increasingly common in aged populations. Clinically, because of the relatively decreased bone healing capacity compared with the youth adults, bone defect repair in the elderly remains challenging. The development of effective biomaterials targeted at bone defects in the elderly is a key component of bone-tissue engineering strategies. However, little attention has been paid to bone regeneration in the elderly. Here, we developed a new scaffold chitosan-Strontium chondroitin sulfate (CH-SrCS) and evaluated its effect on improving bone regeneration. We find that the CH-SrCS scaffold displayed positive effects on downregulation of inflammation and osteoclastogenesis related mRNA expressions while demonstrating a significant increase in the expression level of BMP2. Finally, we show that the bone defects healing effects as assessed using an aged rats' bone defects model. Ultimately, this work also provides insights into the design of effective biomaterials targeted at bone defects in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, PR China; Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Fenbo Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Frankie K L Leung
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, PR China
| | - Chenghe Qin
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China.
| | - William W Lu
- Department of Orthopeadics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, HK SAR, PR China.
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, PR China.
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21
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Villarreal-Leal RA, Healey GD, Corradetti B. Biomimetic immunomodulation strategies for effective tissue repair and restoration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:113913. [PMID: 34371087 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in wound healing following injury or disease and is mediated by a precise cascade of cellular and molecular events. Unresolved inflammatory processes lead to chronic inflammation and fibrosis, which can result in prolonged wound healing lasting months or years that hampers tissue function. Therapeutic interventions mediated by immunomodulatory drugs, cells, or biomaterials, are therefore most effective during the inflammatory phase of wound healing when a pro-regenerative environment is essential. In this review, we discuss the advantages of exploiting knowledge of the native tissue microenvironment to develop therapeutics capable of modulating the immune response and promoting functional tissue repair. In particular, we provide examples of the most recent biomimetic platforms proposed to accomplish this goal, with an emphasis on those able to induce macrophage polarization towards a pro-regenerative phenotype.
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22
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Casanova MR, Osório H, Reis RL, Martins A, Neves NM. Chondrogenic differentiation induced by extracellular vesicles bound to a nanofibrous substrate. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:79. [PMID: 34799583 PMCID: PMC8604977 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00190-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being increasingly studied owing to its regenerative potential, namely EVs derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Those can be used for controlling inflammation, repairing injury, and enhancing tissue regeneration. Differently, the potential of EVs derived from human articular chondrocytes (hACs) to promote cartilage regeneration has not been thoroughly investigated. This work aims to develop an EVs immobilization system capable of selectively bind EVs present in conditioned medium obtained from cultures of hACs or hBM-MSC. For that, an anti-CD63 antibody was immobilized at the surface of an activated and functionalized electrospun nanofibrous mesh. The chondrogenic potential of bound EVs was further assessed by culturing hBM-MSCs during 28 days under basal conditions. EVs derived from hACs cultured under differentiation medium or from chondrogenically committed hBM-MSCs induced a chondrogenic phenotype characterized by marked induction of SOX9, COMP, Aggrecan and Collagen type II, and matrix glycosaminoglycans synthesis. Indeed, both EVs immobilization systems outperformed the currently used chondroinductive strategies. These data show that naturally secreted EVs can guide the chondrogenic commitment of hBM-MSCs in the absence of any other chemical or genetic chondrogenic inductors based in medium supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta R Casanova
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Ipatimup-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Albino Martins
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M Neves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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23
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Zhang Y, Wang P, Jin J, Li L, He SY, Zhou P, Jiang Q, Wen C. In silico and in vivo studies of the effect of surface curvature on the osteoconduction of porous scaffolds. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:591-604. [PMID: 34723387 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that the curvature of porous scaffold plays a significant role in guiding tissue regeneration. However, the underlying mechanism remains controversial to date. In this study, we developed an in silico model to simulate the effect of surface curvature on the osteoconduction of scaffold implants, which comprises the primary aspects of bone regeneration. Selective laser melting was used to manufacture a titanium scaffold with channels representative of different strut curvatures for in vivo assessment. The titanium scaffold was implanted in the femur condyles of rabbits to validate the mathematical model. Simulation results suggest that the curvature affected the distribution of growth factors and subsequently induced the migration of osteoblast lineage cells and bone deposition to the locations with higher curvature. The predictions of the mathematical model are in good agreement with the in vivo assessment results, in which newly formed bone first appeared adjacent to the vertices of the major axes in elliptical channels. The mechanism of curvature-guided osteoconduction may provide a guide for the design optimization of scaffold implants to achieve enhanced bone ingrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiyong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuie Wen
- School of Aerospace Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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24
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Fahy N, Palomares Cabeza V, Lolli A, Witte-Bouma J, Merino A, Ridwan Y, Wolvius EB, Hoogduijn MJ, Farrell E, Brama PAJ. Chondrogenically Primed Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Persist and Undergo Early Stages of Endochondral Ossification in an Immunocompetent Xenogeneic Model. Front Immunol 2021; 12:715267. [PMID: 34659205 PMCID: PMC8515138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.715267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches using progenitor cells such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a promising strategy to regenerate bone. Previous work has demonstrated the potential of chondrogenically primed human MSCs to recapitulate the process of endochondral ossification and form mature bone in vivo, using immunodeficient xenogeneic models. To further the translation of such MSC-based approaches, additional investigation is required to understand the impact of interactions between human MSC constructs and host immune cells upon the success of MSC-mediated bone formation. Although human MSCs are considered hypoimmunogenic, the potential of chondrogenically primed human MSCs to induce immunogenic responses in vivo, as well as the efficacy of MSC-mediated ectopic bone formation in the presence of fully competent immune system, requires further elucidation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of chondrogenically primed human MSC constructs to persist and undergo the process of endochondral ossification in an immune competent xenogeneic model. Chondrogenically differentiated human MSC pellets were subcutaneously implanted to wild-type BALB/c mice and retrieved at 2 and 12 weeks post-implantation. The percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, and classical/non-classical monocyte subsets were not altered in the peripheral blood of mice that received chondrogenic MSC constructs compared to sham-operated controls at 2 weeks post-surgery. However, MSC-implanted mice had significantly higher levels of serum total IgG compared to sham-operated mice at this timepoint. Flow cytometric analysis of retrieved MSC constructs identified the presence of T cells and macrophages at 2 and 12 weeks post-implantation, with low levels of immune cell infiltration to implanted MSC constructs detected by CD45 and CD3 immunohistochemical staining. Despite the presence of immune cells in the tissue, MSC constructs persisted in vivo and were not degraded/resorbed. Furthermore, constructs became mineralised, with longitudinal micro-computed tomography imaging revealing an increase in mineralised tissue volume from 4 weeks post-implantation until the experimental endpoint at 12 weeks. These findings indicate that chondrogenically differentiated human MSC pellets can persist and undergo early stages of endochondral ossification following subcutaneous implantation in an immunocompetent xenogeneic model. This scaffold-free model may be further extrapolated to provide mechanistic insight to osteoimmunological processes regulating bone regeneration and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Fahy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Virginia Palomares Cabeza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Transplantation Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrea Lolli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janneke Witte-Bouma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana Merino
- Transplantation Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yanto Ridwan
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eppo B Wolvius
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- Transplantation Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eric Farrell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pieter A J Brama
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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25
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Azami M, Beheshtizadeh N. Identification of regeneration-involved growth factors in cartilage engineering procedure promotes its reconstruction. Regen Med 2021; 16:719-731. [PMID: 34287065 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To fabricate mature cartilage for implantation, developmental biological processes and proteins should be understood and employed. Methods: A systems biology study of all protein-coding genes participating in cartilage regeneration resulted in a network graph with 11 nodes and 28 edges. Gene ontology and centrality analysis were performed based on the degree index. Results: The four most crucial biological processes along with the seven most interactive proteins involved in cartilage regeneration were identified. Some proteins, which are under serious discussion in cartilage developmental and disease processes, are included in regeneration. Conclusions: Findings positively correlate with the literature, supporting the use of the four most impressive proteins as growth factors applicable to cartilage tissue engineering, including COL2A1, SOX9, CTGF and TGFβ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Beheshtizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Regenerative Medicine group (REMED), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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26
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Comprehensive in vitro comparison of cellular and osteogenic response to alternative biomaterials for spinal implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112251. [PMID: 34225890 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A variety of novel biomaterials are emerging as alternatives to conventional metals and alloys, for use in spinal implants. These promise potential advantages with respect to e.g. elastic modulus compatibility with the host bone, improved radiological imaging or enhanced cellular response to facilitate osseointegration. However, to date there is scarce comparative data on the biological response to many of these biomaterials that would give insights into the relative level of bone formation, resorption inhibition and inflammation. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the in vitro biological response to standard discs of four alternative biomaterials: polyether ether ketone (PEEK), zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), silicon nitride (SN) and surface-textured silicon nitride (ST-SN), and the reference titanium alloy Ti6Al4V (TI). Material-specific characteristics of these biomaterials were evaluated, such as surface roughness, wettability, protein adsorption (BSA) and apatite forming capacity in simulated body fluid. The activity of pre-osteoblasts seeded on the discs was characterized, by measuring viability, proliferation, attachment and morphology. Then, the osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts was compared in vitro from early to late stage by Alizarin Red S staining and real-time PCR analysis. Finally, osteoclast activity and inflammatory response were assessed by real-time PCR analysis. Compared to TI, all other materials generally demonstrated a lower osteoclastic activity and inflammatory response. ZTA and SN showed generally an enhanced osteogenic differentiation and actin length. Overall, we could show that SN and ST-SN showed a higher osteogenic effect than the other reference groups, an inhibitive effect against bone resorption and low inflammation, and the results indicate that silicon nitride has a promising potential to be developed further for spinal implants that require enhanced osseointegration.
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27
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Liu Y, Yang Z, Wang L, Sun L, Kim BYS, Jiang W, Yuan Y, Liu C. Spatiotemporal Immunomodulation Using Biomimetic Scaffold Promotes Endochondral Ossification-Mediated Bone Healing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100143. [PMID: 34105266 PMCID: PMC8188258 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials play an important role in treating bone defects by promoting direct osteogenic healing through intramembranous ossification (IO). However, majority of the body's bones form via cartilaginous intermediates by endochondral ossification (EO), a process that has not been well mimicked by engineered scaffolds, thus limiting their clinical utility in treating large segmental bone defects. Here, by entrapping corticosteroid dexamethasone within biomimetic recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-loaded porous mesoporous bioglass scaffolds and regulating their release kinetics, significant degree of ectopic bone formation through endochondral ossification is achieved. By regulating the recruitment and polarization of immune suppressive macrophage phenotypes, the scaffold promotes rapid chondrogenesis by activating Hif-3α signaling pathway in mesenchymal stem cells, which upregulates the expression of downstream chondrogenic genes. Inhibition of Hif-3α signaling reverses the endochondral ossification phenotype. Together, these results reveal a strategy to facilitate developmental bone growth process using immune modulating biomimetic scaffolds, thus providing new opportunities for developing biomaterials capable of inducing natural tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX75390USA
| | - Lixuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Betty Y. S. Kim
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX75390USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, and Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
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28
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Lee SS, Santschi M, Ferguson SJ. A Biomimetic Macroporous Hybrid Scaffold with Sustained Drug Delivery for Enhanced Bone Regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2460-2471. [PMID: 33971092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a highly complex physiological process regulated by several factors. In particular, bone-mimicking extracellular matrix and available osteogenic growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) have been regarded as key contributors for bone regeneration. In this study, we developed a biomimetic hybrid scaffold (CEGH) with sustained release of BMP-2 that would result in enhanced bone formation. This hybrid scaffold, composed of BMP-2-loaded cryoelectrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) (CE) surrounded by a macroporous gelatin/heparin cryogel (GH), is designed to overcome the drawbacks of the relatively weak mechanical properties of cryogels and poor biocompatibility and hydrophobicity of electrospun PCL. The GH component of the hybrid scaffold provides a hydrophilic surface to improve the biological response of the cells, while the CE component increases the mechanical strength of the scaffold to provide enhanced mechanical support for the defect area and a stable environment for osteogenic differentiation. After analyzing characteristics of the hybrid scaffold such as hydrophilicity, pore difference, mechanical properties, and surface charge, we confirmed that the hybrid scaffold shows enhanced cell proliferation rate and apatite formation in simulated body fluid. Then, we evaluated drug release kinetics of CEGH and confirmed the sustained release of BMP-2. Finally, the enhanced osteogenic differentiation of CEGH with sustained release of BMP-2 was confirmed by Alizarin Red S staining and real-time PCR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghun S Lee
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Santschi
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J Ferguson
- Institute for Biomechanics, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Negrescu AM, Necula MG, Gebaur A, Golgovici F, Nica C, Curti F, Iovu H, Costache M, Cimpean A. In Vitro Macrophage Immunomodulation by Poly(ε-caprolactone) Based-Coated AZ31 Mg Alloy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020909. [PMID: 33477539 PMCID: PMC7831122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its excellent bone-like mechanical properties and non-toxicity, magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have attracted great interest as biomaterials for orthopaedic applications. However, their fast degradation rate in physiological environments leads to an acute inflammatory response, restricting their use as biodegradable metallic implants. Endowing Mg-based biomaterials with immunomodulatory properties can help trigger a desired immune response capable of supporting a favorable healing process. In this study, electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers loaded with coumarin (CM) and/or zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) were used to coat the commercial AZ31 Mg alloy as single and combined formulas, and their effects on the macrophage inflammatory response and osteoclastogenic process were investigated by indirect contact studies. Likewise, the capacity of the analyzed samples to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been investigated. The data obtained by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR-ATR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses indicate that AZ31 alloy was perfectly coated with the PCL fibers loaded with CM and ZnO, which had an important influence on tuning the release of the active ingredient. Furthermore, in terms of degradation in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution, the PCL-ZnO- and secondary PCL-CM-ZnO-coated samples exhibited the best corrosion behaviour. The in vitro results showed the PCL-CM-ZnO and, to a lower extent, PCL-ZnO coated sample exhibited the best behaviour in terms of inflammatory response and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-mediated differentiation of RAW 264.7 macrophages into osteoclasts. Altogether, the results obtained suggest that the coating of Mg alloys with fibrous PCL containing CM and/or ZnO can constitute a feasible strategy for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea-Mariana Negrescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.N.); (M.-G.N.); (C.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Madalina-Georgiana Necula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.N.); (M.-G.N.); (C.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Adi Gebaur
- Advance Polymer Materials Group, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 17, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (F.C.); (H.I.)
| | - Florentina Golgovici
- Department of General Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina Nica
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.N.); (M.-G.N.); (C.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Filis Curti
- Advance Polymer Materials Group, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 17, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (F.C.); (H.I.)
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advance Polymer Materials Group, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 17, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (F.C.); (H.I.)
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.N.); (M.-G.N.); (C.N.); (M.C.)
| | - Anisoara Cimpean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.N.); (M.-G.N.); (C.N.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-21-318-1575 (ext. 106)
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Lee SS, Kim JH, Jeong J, Kim SHL, Koh RH, Kim I, Bae S, Lee H, Hwang NS. Sequential growth factor releasing double cryogel system for enhanced bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Li H, Wang H, Pan J, Li J, Zhang K, Duan W, Liang H, Chen K, Geng D, Shi Q, Yang H, Li B, Chen H. Nanoscaled Bionic Periosteum Orchestrating the Osteogenic Microenvironment for Sequential Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36823-36836. [PMID: 32706234 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Periosteum orchestrates bone repair. Previously developed artificial periosteum was mainly focusing on materials modification to simply enhance bone formation, but few were attempting to make the artificial periosteum fit different bone repair stages. Here, we constructed a functionalized periosteum, which was composed of an electrospun scaffold grafted with leptin receptor antibody (LepR-a) and BMP2-loaded hollow MnO2 (h-MnO2) nanoparticles through a polydopamine (PDA)-assisted technique. The bionic periosteum showed suitable mechanical properties and favorable biocompatibility. It effectively recruited skeletal stem cells (SSCs) through antigen-antibody interactions, as in in vitro cell adhesion tests, we observed that more SSCs attached to the LepR-a-grafted periosteum compared to the control group. In vivo, the LepR-a-grafted periosteum covered on the cranial defect in Prx1-Cre/ERT2, -EGFP mice recruited more Prx1-EGFP cells to the fracture site compared to control groups at post-surgery day 3, 7, and 14. Co-staining with Sp7 indicated that most of the recruited Prx1-EGFP cells underwent osteogenic lineage commitment. Sustained BMP2 release from h-MnO2 promoted osteogenesis by accelerating the osteogenic differentiation of recruited SSCs, as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS) in vitro and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) in vivo. Interestingly, we also observed the growth of osteogenic coupled capillaries (CD31hiEmcnhi) in the bone repair site, which might be induced by increased platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in the regenerative microenvironment subsequent to SSCs' differentiation. Taken together, the findings from this study indicate that the multifunctionalized periosteum efficiently recruited and motivated the SSCs in vivo and orchestrated the osteogenic microenvironment for bone repair in a sequence manner. Thus, the construction of the bionic periosteum to couple with natural bone regeneration stages has been demonstrated to be effective in facilitating bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Jun Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Huan Liang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P. R. China
| | - Kangwu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Orthopedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, 136 Jiangyang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P. R. China
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Longoni A, Pennings I, Cuenca Lopera M, van Rijen MHP, Peperzak V, Rosenberg AJWP, Levato R, Gawlitta D. Endochondral Bone Regeneration by Non-autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:651. [PMID: 32733861 PMCID: PMC7363768 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mimicking endochondral bone formation is a promising strategy for bone regeneration. To become a successful therapy, the cell source is a crucial translational aspect. Typically, autologous cells are used. The use of non-autologous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represents an interesting alternative. Nevertheless, non-autologous, differentiated MSCs may trigger an undesired immune response, hampering bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to unravel the influence of the immune response on endochondral bone regeneration, when using xenogeneic (human) or allogeneic (Dark Agouti) MSCs. To this end, chondrogenically differentiated MSCs embedded in a collagen carrier were implanted in critical size femoral defects of immunocompetent Brown Norway rats. Control groups were included with syngeneic/autologous (Brown Norway) MSCs or a cell-free carrier. The amount of neo-bone formation was proportional to the degree of host-donor relatedness, as no full bridging of the defect was observed in the xenogeneic group whereas 2/8 and 7/7 bridges occurred in the allogeneic and the syngeneic group, respectively. One week post-implantation, the xenogeneic grafts were invaded by pro-inflammatory macrophages, T lymphocytes, which persisted after 12 weeks, and anti-human antibodies were developed. The immune response toward the allogeneic graft was comparable to the one evoked by the syngeneic implants, aside from an increased production of alloantibodies, which might be responsible for the more heterogeneous bone formation. Our results demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of using non-autologous MSC-derived chondrocytes to elicit endochondral bone regeneration in vivo. Nevertheless, the pronounced immune response and the limited bone formation observed in the xenogeneic group undermine the clinical relevance of this group. On the contrary, although further research on how to achieve robust bone formation with allogeneic cells is needed, they may represent an alternative to autologous transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Longoni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - I Pennings
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marta Cuenca Lopera
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M H P van Rijen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Victor Peperzak
- Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A J W P Rosenberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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33
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Expanded skeletal stem and progenitor cells promote and participate in induced bone regeneration at subcritical BMP-2 dose. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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